N. Nekrasov railway analysis. Analysis of the poem "Railroad" Nekrasova N.A.

Nekrasov is a poet whose works are imbued with genuine love for the people. He was called the "Russian folk" poet, folk not only because of the popularity of his name, but also by the very essence of poetry, by content and language.

The period that lasted from 1856 to 1866 is considered the time of the highest development of Nekrasov's literary gift. During these years he found his vocation, Nekrasov became an author who showed the world an amazing example of the unity of poetry with life.

Lyrics by Nekrasov of the first half of the 1860s. touched the difficult atmosphere that prevailed in society: the liberation movement was gaining momentum, peasant unrest grew and then faded. The government was not loyal: arrests of revolutionaries became more frequent. In 1864, the verdict in the Chernyshevsky case became known: he was sentenced to hard labor with subsequent exile to Siberia. All these disturbing, confused events could not but affect the poet's work. In 1864, Nekrasov wrote one of his outstanding works - a poem (sometimes it is called a poem) " Railway».

Russian road ... What poet did not write about it! There are many roads in Russia, since she is big, Mother Russia. Road ... a special, double meaning can be put into this word. This is the track along which people move, but this is also life, it is the same road, with its stops, retreats, defeats and movement forward.

Moscow and St. Petersburg are two cities, two symbols of Russia. The railway between these cities was certainly needed. Without a road, there is no development, there is no forward movement. But at what cost it was given, this road! At the cost of human lives, crippled destinies.

When creating the poem, Nekrasov relied on documentary materials about the construction of the Nikolaev railway, published in newspapers and magazines of that time. These publications often referred to the plight of the construction workers. The work is based on the polemical dialogue between the general, who believes that the road was built by Count Kleinmichel, and the author, who convincingly proves that the true creator of this road is the people.

The action of the poem "Railroad" takes place in a train carriage following the Nikolaev railway. Autumn landscapes, colorfully described by the author in the first part of the poem, flicker outside the window. The poet involuntarily becomes a witness to the conversation of an important passenger in a general's coat with his son Vanya. When his son asked who built this railway, the general replies that it was built by Count Kleinmichel. This dialogue is included in the epigraph of the poem, which was a kind of "objection" to the words of the general.

The author tells the boy about who actually built the railway. From all over Russia, ordinary people were gathered to build an embankment for the railway. Their work was hard. The builders lived in dugouts, fought against hunger and disease. Many died, unable to withstand adversity. They were buried right there, near the railway embankment.

The poet's emotional story seems to revive people who gave their lives to build the road. It seems to the impressionable Vanya that the dead are running along the road, looking into the windows of the carriages and singing a plaintive song about their hard lot. They tell how they froze in the rain, languished in the heat, how the foremen deceived them and how they patiently endured all the hardships of work at this construction site.

Continuing his dark story, the poet urges Vanya not to be ashamed of these awful-looking people and not to shield himself from them with a glove. He advises the boy to adopt the noble habit of work from the Russian people, to learn to respect the Russian peasant and the entire Russian people, who endured not only the construction of the Nikolaev road, but also much more. The author expresses the hope that someday the Russian people will pave a clear path for themselves in a "wonderful time":

“It will endure everything - and a wide, clear
He will make a way for himself with his chest. "

These lines can be attributed to the peak in the development of the lyrical plot of the poem.

Impressed by this story, Vanya tells his father that as if he saw firsthand the real builders of the road, ordinary Russian men. At these words, the general laughed and expressed doubt that the common people are capable of creative work. According to the general, ordinary people are barbarians and drunkards who can only destroy. Further, the general invites his fellow traveler to show his son the bright side of the construction of the railway. The author readily agrees and describes how the peasants were expected to complete the construction of the embankment. It turned out that each of them also owed their employers. And when the contractor informs people that they are forgiven for the arrears, and even give the builders a barrel of wine, the delighted peasants unhitch the horses from the merchant's cart and carry it themselves with enthusiastic shouts. At the end of the poem, the poet ironically asks the general if it is possible to show a picture more gratifying than this?

Despite the gloomy descriptions that fill the work, the poem can be attributed to the optimistic creations of Nekrasov. Through the lines of this great work, the poet calls on the youth of his time to believe in the Russian people, in their bright future, in the victory of good and justice. Nekrasov claims that the Russian people will endure not only one road, they will endure everything - they are endowed with special strength.

the main idea Nekrasov's poem "Railroad" is to prove to the reader that the true creator of the railroad is the Russian people, and not Count Kleinmichel.

main topic works - reflections on the harsh, dramatic fate of the Russian people.

Novelty works in that this is the first poem-poem dedicated to the creative work of the people.

Specificity works The "railroad" is as follows: in its essential part, the poem represents one or another form of overt and secret polemics.

Analyzing the poem by N.A. Nekrasov "Railway", it should be noted that it is distinguished by a variety of constituent parts. Is in the poem and colorful description autumn nature, there is also a dialogue of carriage fellow travelers, which smoothly flows into a mystical description of a crowd of dead people following the train. People who died during the construction of the road sing their sad song about the hardships that they had to endure. But at the same time they are proud of the results of their labor. A locomotive whistle destroys an eerie mirage, and the dead disappear. But the dispute between the author and the general is not over yet. All this variety in the content Nekrasov managed to withstand in a single song style.

The melodiousness, musicality of the work is also emphasized by the size of the verse chosen by the author - four-foot dactyl. The verses of the poem are classic quatrains (quatrains), in which crossover line rhymes (the first line of the quatrain rhymes with the third line, and the second with the fourth).

In the poem "Railroad" Nekrasov applied a variety of funds artistic expression ... There are numerous epithets in it: "fragile ice", "frosty nights", "good daddy", "narrow embankments", "hunchbacked back". The author also uses comparisons: "ice ... like melting sugar", "leaves ... lie like a carpet", "meadowsweet ... red like copper." Metaphors are also used: "healthy, vigorous air", "frosty glasses", "I will pit my chest", "clear road". In the last lines of the work, the author uses irony, asking the general the question: "It seems difficult to draw a picture more pleasant / Draw, general? .." stylistic figures, for example, addresses: "Good daddy!", "Brothers!" and exclamations: “Chu! menacing exclamations were heard! "

The poem "Railroad" is from a cohort of works related to civic lyrics. This work is the highest achievement of Nekrasov's poetic technique. It is strong in its novelty, laconicism. Compositional tasks are interestingly solved in it, it is distinguished by a special perfection of the poetic form.

I liked the poem "Railroad" for its character. Nekrasov always believed in the best; his poems are addressed to the people. Nekrasov never forgot that the goal of poetry is to remind a person of his high calling.

Below you will find 2 analysis options

N. Nekrasov is one of the founders of the civic direction in Russian creativity. There are no exaggerations in his works, and they are written quite realistically. Somewhere it can bring a smile, but mostly it is a great reason to think about what surrounds us.

And this work, it was created in 1864, shortly before serfdom was abolished. The poet strives to show a different setting when creating an overpass between the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg, because for many masters this was the end of his life, his personal grave.

The work is presented in four parts. The first - with a touch of romanticism, with a kind of pacification. Here the poet talks about his journey by rail, not forgetting to note the beauty of Russia, and admires the landscapes that are visible outside the window of his train. Delighted, N. Nekrasov accidentally overheard a dialogue between a father - a general and his son - a teenager. The child is interested in who made this road. It should be noted that this topic is very relevant for the nineteenth century and burning, because thanks to the new railway, new opportunities for wandering have appeared. If by carriage it was possible to get from Moscow to St. Petersburg in a week, then here the time was reduced to as much as one day.

But rarely did anyone think about the cost put forward for getting there so quickly. And Russia was able to become a developed European power. The main symbol is the railway, which was able to acquire new status For Russia. It was put forward by the former serfs, having finally acquired their freedom, they did not know what to do with it. And they were attracted to this work not so much by interest as by hunger and poverty. As a result, a lot of people suffered during the construction, more than a thousand people.

Analysis of the poem Railway Nekrasov

Nikolai Nekrasov is a very talented person. It was he who wrote a work called "Railroad". This work was created by the author in 1864. No wonder it bears that name. After all, the poem actually has a very deep meaning.

Nikolai Nekrasov is very famous not only for his beautiful and good works, but also by the fact that he became the first who paved the civil direction in Russian literature. It makes a lot of sense, because it all started with his works. A writer is a man of principles who will not fall into fictional romance, only in order to have a good and joyful life. This is a realist who, even in his literature, adhered to precisely these standards. Everything in his works was always very realistic. Sometimes the readers had smiles, how well all this was described - our real life and her processes are everyday.

That is why the poem "Railroad" does not surprise anyone, since it is also realistic, KK and other works of Nekrasov. The poem was written a little later after the cancellation of the crepe. Serfdom was abolished in 1861. But this was only a formal term, only after several years - something really started to happen. It was on this occasion that such a poem was written by the poet. In his work, he describes the events of those years. And especially in 1864. Since it was in that year that the construction of an overpass between large cities - St. Petersburg and Moscow was carried out.

The reason for the indignation of Nekrasov was the fact that this thoughtless decision to the end was the death of many people. And that's just putting it mildly. In fact, thousands, and even millions of people have died - ordinary people though nobody cared about it then. Nikolai Nekrasov was angry and outraged that the state of that time could not fully figure out what they had planned. After all, they considered, as they say, only one side of the coin. And it was this lack of thought that caused the death of many ordinary peasants.

The poem itself is, as it were, divided into four symmetrical parts. Oddly enough, but still in the works of Nekrasov, in addition to everyday striking reality, there is also romance, at least a little - but it is inherent in oats. And it is the first part of Nekrasov's work that bears romantic impressions. The writer tells how he saw all the beauties of nature while traveling on the train. Railroad travel - and even it has its own pleasant sensations, besides fatigue. And, as a realist, he understood this all the more.

Russian nature is simply unforgettable, and even more so in those days. When there were still corners of wilderness that were not inhabited by people. The author becomes an involuntary listener to the conversation between the son of the general and the father himself. The teenager begins to wonder who built such a road for trains. Further, you can see a deep meaning, which is more slightly revealed than at the beginning. After all, no one then really thought about the cost at which such a huge line of railway tracks was created for huge titanium trains. And how many lives died then, in 1864, because many have forgotten about it, enjoying only the result.

Analysis of the poem Railroad according to plan

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The life of the common people has always been hard. Especially in Russia with its unbearable climate. Especially before the abolition of serfdom. The country was ruled by ruthless, greedy landowners, tsars who drove peasants into the coffin to achieve their goals. The fate of the serfs who built the first railway between Moscow and St. Petersburg is tragic. This path is strewn with the bones of thousands of men. Nekrasov ("Railroad") dedicated his work to tragedies. A summary and analysis of it will reveal to us what the poet wanted to convey to the readers with a heightened sense of civic duty.

The theme of the complex life of the Russian people in the work of Nekrasov

The great poet was a truly popular writer. He glorified the beauty of Russia, wrote about the plight of peasants, people of the lower classes, women. It was he who introduced spoken language into literature, thereby reviving the images presented in the works.

Nekrasov showed the tragedy of the fate of serfs in his poetry. "Railway", summary which we will present - a small poem. In it, the author was able to convey the injustice, deprivation and monstrous exploitation to which the peasants were subjected.

N. A. Nekrasov, "Railway": a summary

The work begins with an epigraph. In it, the boy Vanya asks the general who built the railway. He answers: Count Kleinmichel. Thus, Nekrasov began his poem with sarcasm.

Further, readers are immersed in the description of the Russian autumn. She is glorious, with fresh air, beautiful landscapes. The author flies along the rails, plunging into his thoughts.

When he heard that the road was built by Count Kleinmichel, he says that there is no need to hide the truth from the boy, and begins to talk about the construction of the railway.

The boy heard that a crowd of dead people had run up to the windows of the train. They tell him that people built this road in any weather, lived in dugouts, starved, were sick. They were robbed and flogged. Now others are reaping the fruits of their labor, and the builders are rotting in the ground. "Do they remember them well," the dead ask, "or have people forgotten about them?"

The author tells Vanya that there is no need to be afraid of the singing of these dead men. Shows the one who is exhausted from hard work, stands bent over and hollows the ground. It is so hard for people to get their bread. Their work should be respected, he says. The author is sure that the people will endure everything and in the end will pave their way.

Vanya fell asleep and woke up from the whistle. He told his father-general about his dream. In it, he was shown to 5 thousand men and was told that they were the builders of the road. Hearing this, he burst out laughing. He said that the peasants are drunkards, barbarians and destroyers, that they can only build their own mansions. The general asked not to tell the child about the terrible spectacles, but to show the bright sides.

This is how Nekrasov described the construction of the road in his poem "Railroad". A summary ("brief" - as it is called in English) cannot, of course, convey all the pain of the author for a simple deceived person. To feel all the sarcasm and bitterness of injustice, it is worth reading this poem in the original.

Analysis of the work

Poetry is a conversation between the author-fellow traveler and the boy Vanya. The author wanted people to remember how we get the benefits, who is behind it. He also told the readers about the greed of their superiors, their inhumanity. About peasant peasants who receive nothing for their labor.

All the injustice and tragedy of the life of serfs was shown in his work by Nekrasov. "Railroad", the summary of which we reviewed, refers to the few works of the XIX century with a social orientation, telling about the life of the common people with sympathy.

Conclusion

In his poem, the poet notes that the creators of everything great in Russia are simple men. However, all the laurels go to landowners, counts, contractors who shamelessly exploit the workers and deceive them.

Nekrasov ends his work with a picture of slavish glee and obedience. The "railroad" (a summary tells about it) was built, the peasants were circled around the finger. But they are so timid and submissive that they rejoice at the crumbs that have fallen to them. In the concluding lines, Nekrasov makes it clear that he is not happy with this obedience and hopes that the time will come when the peasants will straighten their backs and throw off those who sit on it.

History of creation

The poem "Railroad" was written by Nekrasov in 1864 and published in the journal "Sovremennik". The Nikolaev railway was built from 1942 to 1952. and allowed to make the path, which previously took a whole week, in a day. Nicholas I issued a decree on the construction of the first Moscow-Petersburg railway in a peculiar way: he drew a road on the map under a ruler, through forests and swamps. The price of such a project is human sacrifice and work in impossible conditions.

The construction was supervised by Kleinmichel, who at the time of writing the poem was dismissed for cruelty. The topic of building a railway was also relevant in 1964, under Alexander II, who built railways with the forces of workers and peasants freed from serfdom in 1861.
Literary direction, genre

Nekrasov is considered a singer of civic poetry, a poet of a realistic direction. In general, the poem is accusatory in nature and really is an example of civic lyrics. But its first part is a beautiful lyric poem.

Theme, main idea and composition

The poem consists of 4 parts. They are united by the plot, the image of the lyrical hero-narrator and his neighbors in the carriage: the general with his son Vanya, whose dialogue about the builder of the road is the epigraph.

The first part is a description of the autumn Russian nature, which the narrator sees from the train window. There is no disgrace in nature, it is perfect.

The second part contrasts with the first. This is the narrator's monologue, revealing the imperfection of society. Vanya draws a picture of the suffering of the builders of the railway - the Russian people. The narrator describes a host of poor people who died during the construction, so that the impressionable boy is even shy. The main point is contained in last three stanzas: you need to respect the hardworking people, because they have endured a lot and thanks to this endurance will come to a happy future. Nekrasov accurately notices the mentality of a people capable of enduring suffering for centuries. Today the phrase "It's a pity - to live in this wonderful time. I won't have to - neither me, nor you" acquired an ironic meaning "never", which Nekrasov did not put into his poems.

The third part is the objections of the father-general. In his opinion, a people prone to drunkenness is not capable of creating anything great, but can only destroy. Daddy offers to show Vanya the bright side.

In the fourth part, the narrator informs Vanya that after the construction of the road, the workers were rewarded with a barrel of wine and forgiveness for arrears, which cunning contractors counted for everyone.

Size and rhyme

The poem is written in tricycle dactyl in the first part, which in other parts alternates with tricycle with a shortened last foot. This rhythm is best conveyed by the sound of the wheels of the train. The alternation of feminine and masculine rhymes in the first stanza describing nature is replaced by an alternation of dactyl and masculine in some stanzas and feminine and masculine in others. The rhyme in the poem is cross.

Trails and images

The first part is written in best traditions landscape lyrics. Nature is characterized by the epithets glorious autumn, healthy, vigorous air, fragile ice, chilly river, clear, quiet days. Nekrasov uses vivid comparisons: ice is like melting sugar, you can sleep in the leaves like in bed.

To describe hunger as the root cause of national misfortunes, Nekrasov uses personification. Words with diminutive-affectionate suffixes contrast with the terrible picture of death: the path, the columns, Vanechka - and the Russian bones. True skill was shown by Nekrasov, describing the portraits of the unfortunate. It is impossible to forget the tall, sick Belarusian. The following detail is especially touching: even after death, the ghost of a Belarusian mechanically hollows the frozen ground with a shovel. The habit of work has been brought to the point of automatism among the people. The second part ends symbolically wide clear road and beautiful pores.

In the third part, the general's monologue, there are almost no tropes. The general's speech is clear, unambiguous and devoid of images, logic prevails in it. Only the epithet "bright side" is not specific, and the narrator is in a hurry to use it.

In the fourth part, keeping the general's concise and logical style, lyrical hero describes a "bright future" for workers.

Poem "Railroad"

V a n I (in a coachman's jacket).
Daddy! who built this road?
Pa pasha (in a coat with a red lining),
Count Pyotr Andreevich Kleinmichel, darling!
Conversation in the carriage

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous
The air invigorates tired strength;
Ice is immature on the icy river
Like melting sugar lies;

Near the forest, as in a soft bed,
You can sleep - peace and space!
The leaves have not yet had time to fade,
Are yellow and fresh like a carpet.

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights
Clear, quiet days ...
There is no disgrace in nature! And kochi,
And moss swamps, and stumps -

All is well under the moonlight
Everywhere I recognize my dear Rus ...
I fly fast on cast-iron rails,
I think my thought ...

Good dad! Why in charm
Keep a smart Vanya?
Let me be with the moonlight
Show him the truth.

This work, Vanya, was terribly huge
Not on the shoulder alone!
There is a king in the world: this king is merciless,
Hunger is his name.

He leads the armies; at sea by ships
Rules; drives people into the artel,
Walks behind the plow, stands behind
Stonecutters, weavers.

It was he who drove the masses of the people here.
Many are in a terrible struggle
Calling these barren wilds to life,
They found a coffin here for themselves.

Straight path: narrow embankments,
Posts, rails, bridges.
And on the sides, all the bones are Russian ...
How many there are! Vanechka, do you know?

Chu! menacing exclamations were heard!
Stomp and gnashing of teeth;
A shadow ran over frosty glass ...
What is there? Dead crowd!

They overtake the cast-iron road,
They run by sides.
Do you hear the singing? .. "On this moonlit night
Love us to see our work!

We struggled in the heat, in the cold,
With your back always bent
We lived in dugouts, fought hunger,
Frozen and wet, sick with scurvy.

We were robbed by literate foremen,
The bosses whipped, the need pressed ...
We have endured everything, God's warriors,
Peaceful children of labor!

Brothers! You are reaping our fruits!
We are destined to rot in the ground ...
Do you remember all of us, the poor
Or forgotten for a long time? .. "

Do not be dismayed by their wild singing!
From Volkhov, from mother Volga, from Oka,
From different ends of the great state -
These are all your brothers - men!

It's a shame to be shy, to be covered with a glove,
You’re not small! .. Rus hair,
You see, standing, exhausted by fever,
Tall sick Belarusian:

Bloodless lips, drooping eyelids,
Ulcers on skinny arms
Forever knee-deep in water
The legs are swollen; tangled hair;

I will wash my chest, which is diligently on the spade
I spent the whole century day after day ...
You take a closer look at him, Vanya, carefully:
It was hard for a man to get his bread!

I did not straighten my hunchbacked back
He is still now: stupidly silent
And mechanically with a rusty shovel
Hollow ground hollows!

This noble work habit
It would not be bad for us to adopt ...
Bless the work of the people
And learn to respect the man.

Don't be shy about your dear homeland ...
Endured enough Russian people,
He took out this railroad too -
Will endure whatever the Lord sends!

Will endure everything - and wide, clear
He will make a way for himself with his chest.
It's a pity - to live in this beautiful time
You won't have to - neither for me, nor for you.

The whistle is deafening this minute
Screamed - the crowd of the dead has disappeared!
“I saw, dad, I am an amazing dream, -
Vanya said, - five thousand men,

Russian tribes and breeds representatives
Suddenly they appeared - and he said to me:
"Here they are - the builders of our road! .."
The general burst out laughing!

“I was recently within the walls of the Vatican,
I wandered around the Colosseum for two nights,
I saw Saint Stephen in Vienna,
What ... did the people create all this?

Excuse me for this impudent laugh,
Your logic is a little bit wild.
Or Apollo Belvedere for you
Worse than a stove pot?

Here are your people - these baths and baths,
A miracle of art - he took everything away! "-
"I'm not talking for you, but for Vanya ..."
But the general did not give an objection:

"Your Slav, Anglo-Saxon and German
Do not create - destroy the master,
Barbarians! a wild bunch of drunks! ..
However, it's time to get busy with Vanyusha;

You know, a spectacle of death, sorrow
It is a sin to resent a child's heart.
Would you show the child now
The bright side ... "

Glad to show!
Listen, my dear: fateful works
It's over - the German is already laying the rails.
The dead are buried in the ground; sick
Hidden in dugouts; working people

Gathered in a close crowd at the office ...
They scratched their heads tightly:
Every contractor should stay,
Walking days have become a penny!

The foremen entered everything in the book -
Did he take to the bathhouse, did the patient lie down:
“Maybe there is now a surplus here,
Why, come on! .. ”They waved their hand ...

In a blue caftan - a venerable meadowsweet,
Thick, squishy, ​​red as copper,
The contractor rides along the line on a holiday,
He goes to see his work.

Idle people make way decorously ...
Sweat wipes the merchant from the face
And he says, akimbo:
“Okay ... no matter ... well done! .. well done! ..

With God, now go home - congratulations!
(Hats off - if I say!)
I expose a barrel of wine to the workers
And - I give arrears! .. "

Someone shouted "hurray". Picked up
Louder, friendlier, longer ... Look:
The foremen rolled the barrel with the song ...
Here even the lazy one could not resist!

The people unharnessed their horses - and the merchant
Shouting "hurray!" rushed along the road ...
Seems hard to please the picture
Draw, General? ..

The poem "Railroad" was written in 1864, three years after the abolition of serfdom. However, the question involuntarily arises - has much changed during this time in Russia and has it changed at all?

The folk theme in the poetic work of N.A.Nekrasov acquires the features of drama. The poet very closely followed public life and could not remain silent about that cruel injustice towards the people, which, with the abolition of serfdom, not only did not diminish, but took on even more horrifying forms. For Nekrasov, the people were the "basis" of national life, a part of itself. In his poems, the life of the people is portrayed in a different way from that of his predecessors and colleagues in the literary business. He does not give folk song elements, but presents the reader with naked prose. And this technique, this "down to earth" approach allowed the poet to get as close as possible to the people. But he also becomes the source of the deepest drama. This is fully confirmed in the above statement. The heroes of the poem are the boy Vanya, his father is a general, and the lyrical hero.

The narrative opens with a magnificent landscape sketch:

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous Air invigorates tired forces; The ice is not strong on the icy river As if it lies like melting sugar ...

Painted pictures of natural luxury in the poem clearly contradict all further description of the hardships and troubles of muzhik life, the hard lot of a working people, a slave people. In the poem, the people are also a special hero, the most important character. Unusual for a lyrical description of nature, the word "poisonous" creates the impression of fresh, crystal air, we can almost physically feel its taste. The author very clearly draws a parallel between harmony in nature and the world where the laws of inequality, cruelty, and lack of freedom reign. He very transparently hints at this: "There is no disgrace in nature!" And only among people it is.

Hunger rules people, makes them go to certain death. They get a dear piece of bread. In order to show in all his shocking nakedness and ugliness the hard labor of the people, Nekrasov uses a well-known technique - the “sleep” technique. The agitated, inflamed imagination of the boy Vanya creates pictures of stunning clarity. “Barren wilds”, “stomping and gnashing of teeth”, the image of “a sick Belarusian” (“Bloodless lips, fallen eyelids, Ulcers on skinny hands”), “crowds of the dead” - all this flashes before us like shots of some then a fantastic movie. The author speaks with bitterness about those who called to life this impenetrable jungle, and he himself found his own grave here. Full of inexpressible longing, the question sounds in the poem:

Brothers! You are reaping our fruits! We are destined to decay in the earth ... Do you remember all of us, the poor, or have you forgotten long ago? ..

And really, why did thousands of people sacrifice their lives? So that grateful descendants say that the railroad was built by "Count Pyotr Andreevich Kleinmichel, darling ?!" Here Nekrasov introduces the image of the general, which appears in the third part of the poem. The general acts as a defender of aesthetic values. The author is in no hurry to interrupt him and lets him speak to the end. Nekrasov uses a self-characteristic technique. The monologue clearly shows the general's indifference to the people, his contemptuous attitude:

In the mouth of the general, N.A.Nekrasov puts an accusatory speech not just on the Russian people, but on the people in a larger sense, the peoples in which he sees only an ignorant crowd, slavishly devoted and submissive. The people are content with little, they act without reasoning. We can find confirmation of this in the text - this is the entire 4th part of the poem, where "the working people gathered in a close crowd at the office ..." Emaciated, half-dead people still remain and owe the contractor. The entire 4th part of the poem is built according to the general's ideas. This is the "bright side", in his opinion. But against the background of the whole story, it becomes the most dramatic, gloomy, hopeless.

Here the results are summed up, not only of the work done, but of the entire serfdom as a whole. Here all the psychology of the people, his whole life. "In a blue caftan - a venerable smelter, thick, squat, red as copper ..." goes to see his work. How much irony, how much satire Nekrasov puts into these lines! The contractor generously forgives people's debts, and even puts out a barrel of wine. The people do not murmur, not a sound of objection! Where there!

The people unharnessed their horses - and the merchant With a shout of "hurray!" rushed along the road ...

The poem ends with a rhetorical question: Material from the site

It seems difficult to draw a more gratifying picture, General? ..

The words of N.A.Nekrasov about the Russian people echo with pain and bitterness. How much patience did he have? It has long been the custom in Russia: the people believe in a "bright future", give all their strength to its "construction", believe that just about, a little more, and a completely different life, new, happy, will come. So it was before the abolition of serfdom, and then, before the revolutionary events of the beginning of the next, XX century. The progressive, thinking people, who were not indifferent to the fate of the people, understood that there was nothing to wait for momentary changes. Hence the heavy pessimism of Nekrasov, who realizes that a very long time will pass until the slavish obedience leaves the people's soul, until the worker becomes truly free, not only in society, but also in the soul.

The theme of the future in the poem is closely related to the image of the boy Vanya. No wonder it is to him that the lyrical hero turns:

This noble habit of work We would not be bad to adopt with you ... Bless the work of the people And learn to respect the peasant.

Respect for the people, sincere love for them are a guarantee of Russia's soon advancement on the path of historical progress.

Plan

1. Pictures of nature.
2. The lyrical hero tells the boy Vanya about the hardships of national labor.
3. The general's monologue about the people: the people are a barbarian.
4. The "bright side" of labor. Results of the work. Obedience is native.

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On this page material on topics:

• review of the poem railway
• test on the subject of the Nekrasov railway
• analysis of the poem railway 2 part
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