Put the following sentences in the plural this. How to form plural in English? Put the verbs in brackets into Present or Future Indefinite

1.This is a key and that is a match. 2. It is not a bench; it's an arm-chair. 3. This flat is very large. 4. Is the shop open? 5. Is that a man or a woman? 6. That is not a bus. 7. That goose is big. 8. This lady is that gentleman's wife. 9. There is a video recorder on a small table in the corner of the room. 10. Does your tooth still ache? 11. His child studies very well. 12. My niece has a large country cottage. 13. This house has a balcony looking out on the street. 14. It is a sheep and it is black not white. 15. This isn't a mouse. That's a rat. 16. He doesn't like coffee. 17. There was a small boy and a nice girl in the room. 18. I shall give you my handbag. 19. Can you see a bird in that tree? 20. Is this student coming with us, too?

14. Write questions to these sentences beginning with “ Whose” according to the example:

Sample: Whose bag is this?

a) Those books are Ann's.

b) That bicycle is John's.

c) This hat is my aunt's.

d) That bag is the teacher's.

e) That is the girl's doll.

f) These are my mother's shoes.

g) Those are my father's glasses.

h) Those are my brother's trousers.

i) This is my friend's house.

j) That is my uncle's car.

15. Replace nouns with the preposition “ of" nouns in the possessive case.

Sample : the surname of his friend - his friend's surname

The room of my friend, the questions of my son, a meeting of students, the rays of the sun, the wife of my brother, the table of our teacher, a distance of two miles, the poems by Pushkin, the voice of this girl, the new club of the workers, the joys of life, the house of his parents, the theaters of Moscow, the letter of Pete, the children of my sister Mary, the rights of the women, the car of my parents, the life of this man, the watch of Mr. C., the cigarette of that man, the umbrella of the girl, the room of the girl, the plane of the king, the room of the girls, the suit of the waiter, the football of the boys, the money of my mother , the motor-car of John.

16. Translate the sentences using the preposition" of" to indicate ownership.

a) He is my friend.

b) The name of the hero is unknown.

c) The price of this toy is very high.

d) The sun's rays are very dangerous this summer.

e) The teeth of this fish are very strong.

f) The branches of this tree are growing fast.

g) This is my friend's family.

h) These are our students' textbooks.

17. Use the correct form of personal pronouns:

1. I often see (they, them) walking in the park.

2. She is my neighbor and lives somewhere near (I, me).

3. She teaches (we, us) French and Latin.

4. I've known (she, her) since my childhood.

5. It's not my fault. Don't blame (I, me).

6. We have got a problem and hope you can help (we, us).

7. They always bring their old dog with (they, them).

8. He looks pale. What's the matter with (he, him)?

18. Fill in the gaps with possessive pronouns corresponding to the personal pronouns given in brackets:

1. (I) ... sister is a young teacher.

2. The students of (we) … group ask a lot of questions at the lessons.

3. (She) … name is Alice.

4. What is (you) … father doing now?

5. There are many flowers in (we) … garden.

6. (He) … little sister is very fond of reading.

7. This is my dog. (It) … name is Rex.

8. They usually leave (they) … car in the yard.

19. Choose the correct form of possessive pronouns:

1. How can he criticize (your, yours) poems?

2. Would you like to see some of (her, hers) latest sketches?

3. Will you help me sort out the things? I cannot tell which are (your, yours) and which are (our, ours).

4. (Their, theirs) boat was faster than (our, ours).

5. I'm waiting for a friend of (my, mine).

7. All (our, ours) clothes were wet through.

8. You do not make many mistakes in (your, yours) spelling.

20. Incentive offers:

Write! - Write! Write!

Tell me all about it. - Tell me all about it.

Alan, don't look at me like that. Alan, don't look at me like that.

Don't talk! - Do not talk (those)!

Don't close the window. - Don't close the window!

Don't do it here! - Don't do it here!

Close the window, will you? - Please close the window!

Come and see me, won't you? - Come in, please!

Do write to me! - Please write to me!

Will you give me the book? - Give me the book, please.

Would you give me some water? - Give me some water, please.

Let me introduce myself. - Let me introduce myself.

Let her do it. - Let her do it.

Let us (Let's) go there. - Let's go there.

Let us (Let's) have dinner - Let's have lunch.

Let us (Let's) read the new text - Let's read the new text.

21. Translate the sentences into English. Give different options:

1. Write this word.

2. Go to the board, please.

3. Take the child.

4. Please don't talk.

5. Don't rush.

6. Let's go slower.

7. Let him go.

8. Try a piece of this pie, please.

9. Please don't make too much noise.

10. Stay where you are.

11. Don't shoot!

13. Please leave the room.

14. Could you clear the table?

15. Don't waste time!

16. Please don't leave the gate open.

17. Richard, don't climb trees in your new trousers.

18. Let's read this verse again.

19. Could you open this box for me.

20. Read the sentence, John, and say if it is correct.

21. Be careful! Think and then answer.

22. Use the correct form of the verb “ to be" and translate the sentences into Russian:

1. There… a lamp, a note-book, an ash-tray and a vase on the table.

2. There… different newspapers and a printing machine on the table.

3. … there a flight to Paris today?

4. There… many cars on the parking.

5. There…some chalk in the box.

6. Will there … many people at the party?

7. There … some unknown words in the text.

9. When we came there … already a lot of people there.

10. Everything will be OK. I think there … no problems.

11. The roads were busy. There … a lot of traffic.

12. There... no danger.

13. A few days ago there … a storm.

14. There…one mountain in the picture.

15. There … three pencils on the table.

16. There …a new shop in our street soon.

23. Answer the questions according to the model:

Sample:What is there in the box? (a pencil)

– There is a pencil in the box.

1. How many students are there in the group? (seven)

2. What is there in your bag? (some paper)

3. What is there on the table? (notebooks and dictionaries)

4. Who is there at the desk? (a teacher)

5. What is there on his desk? (French books)

6. What was there in front of your house? (a high tree)

7. What is there in your shoes? (sand)

8. What is there near here? (a beach)

9. How many days are there in a week? (seven)

10. How many people were there in the shop? (very few)

24. Ask questions according to the model:

Sample:Ask your friend if there is a refuse chute in his house. - Is there a refuse chute in your house?

if there is a lift in their house.

if there were many books on the shelves.

if there will be any problems with the visa.

if there is a TV set in the living room.

if there was a school in his village..

if there are any pictures on the walls.

if there is a carpet on the floor.

if there are curtains on the window.

if there were any cars in the street.

25. Complete the sentences:

1. There is a .... 2. There is no .... 3. There are some ... . 4. There were many .... 5. There will be …. 6. There wasn't ... . 7. There was no ... . 8. Is there a … .? 9. Will there be…?

26. Form the degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs using suffixes - er, (the)-est:

Sample: small - smaller - the smallest

happy - happier - the happiest

long, narrow, clever, short, big, fast, young, easy, large, pretty, wide, warm, dry, clean, heavy, thick, green, hot, deep, dirty, merry, thin, red, light, tall, fat, strong, nice, weak, white, high

27. Form the degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs using words more, (the) most:

Sample : beautiful - more beautiful - the most beautiful

interesting, important, prominent, realistic, wonderful, carefully, special, difficult, clearly, comfortable, attentively, efficient, bright, remarkable, experienced

Remember the special cases of the formation of degrees of comparison:

good, well - better - the best

bad - worse - the worst

little - less - the least

old - older - the oldest

-elder - the eldest

far - farther - the farthest

- further - the furthest

many, much - more - the most

28. Use the adjectives and adverbs given in brackets in the required degree of comparison:

1) My sister is much ... than myself. (tall)

2) This train goes far … than that one. (quickly)

3) Asia is … than Australia. (large)

4) The opera theater is one of ... buildings in the city. (beautiful)

5) This nice-looking girl is … student in our group. (good)

6) The party was not so … as I had expected. (gay)

7) I have no one ... than you. (near)

8) Chinese is … than English. (difficult)

9) Yesterday I came home ... than usual. (late)

10) Ann sings far ... than Nina. (well)

11) I like this picture … of all. (well)

12) We shall wait for a … day to go on the excursion. (dry)

13) He was … man in the village. (fat)

14) As he went on, the box became ... and .... (heavy)

15) She can speak English … than her friend. (fluently)

16. This work is … of all. (bad)

29. Open the brackets by selecting the desired form:

1. Rita plays the violin (good/well).

2. That is an (intense/intensely) novel.

3. The sun is shining (bright/brightly).

4. The girls speak (fluent/fluently) French.

5. The boys speak Spanish (fluent/fluently).

6. The table has a (smooth/smoothly) surface.

7. We don't like to drink (bitter/bitterly) tea.

8. She was crying (bitter/bitterly).

9. The plane will arrive (soon/soonly).

10. He had an accident because he was driving too (fast/fastly).

12. This poster is (colourfuler/more colorful) than the one in the hall.

13. The colder the weather gets (sicker/the sicker) I feel.

14. Of the four dresses, I like the red one (better/best).

15. This painting is (less impressive/least impressive) than the one in the other gallery.

16. Let's go by car. It's much (cheap).

17. It's cold today. I like (warm) weather.

18. My (old) brother is a doctor.

19. Mike looks (old) than he really is.

20. This text is (difficult) than the previous one.

21. Traveling is becoming (expensive) nowadays.

22. I was so tired that my bags seemed to get (heavy).

23. Our family is getting (large) and we need a (big) house.

30. Insert the correct form of the adjective according to the model:

Sample: I need a ... computer. - I need a more powerful /faster/ newer computer.

1. Peter is the ... student in the class.

2. Britain makes ... cars than the USA.

3. Neil, meet my ... brother Chris.

4. Going by plane is the ... way to travel.

5. Yours is a lot... house than ours.

6. I'm looking for the... post office.

7. The Amazon is a... river than the Mississippi.

8. This is our...camera.

9. Rome is ... than London.

10. It was wrong of me to walk. It's... by car.

31. Give answers to the questions:

1. Who is the most interesting or amusing person you've ever met?

2. Where is the most beautiful place you've ever been?

3. What is the most frightening thing that has ever happened to you?

4. What is the most exciting thing you've ever done?

5. Where is the most relaxing place you've ever stayed?

6. What is the farthest place you've ever been to?

7. Who is the most charming person you've ever seen?

8. What is the most fantastic story you've ever heard?

9. What is the most valuable thing you possess?

10. What is the most useful thing you have at home?

32. Translate into English:

Which exam was the most difficult for you? - Latest.
I would like to have a more reliable car.
I know him well. Perhaps better than anyone else.
Jim is my oldest and best friend. We always prepare for classes together.
This is the funniest story in the entire collection.
The more difficult the task, the more interesting it is to solve it.
I'm not as good at foreign languages as my sister is. She is said to be the brightest (best) student in the class.
It's very noisy here. Can't we go somewhere quieter?
Unfortunately the situation was worse than we expected.

10. Now your garden looks much better.

33. Use the verbs given in brackets in Present Indefinite:

1. Ann (to speak) German very well.

2. The earth (to go) round the sun.

3. I usually (to go) away at weekends.

4. My grandmother (to live) in a very small flat.

5. I (to know) that Liz (to play) tennis well.

6. The new restaurant in Green Street (to be) very good.

7. Bananas (not to grow) in Russia.

8. I (not to understand) this sentence.

9. We (to do) a lot of exercises every day.

10. She (to make) many mistakes in spelling.

11. I (to like) traveling by car.

12. They (to be) good friends.

34. Put the sentences in the interrogative and negative form according to the model:

Sample: She goes to school in the afternoon

Does she go to school in the afternoon?

She doesn't go to school in the afternoon.

1. My working day begins at 8 o'clock.

2. I leave home at half past 8.

3. It takes me twenty minutes to get to the office.

4. I like to sleep on the sofa.

5. We work from 9 till 5.

6. She dresses with good taste.

7. My father likes to read newspapers.

8. I like to lie in the sun.

9. We often use dictionaries in class.

10. I like tea with milk.

35. Ask questions to the subject according to the model:

Sample:My mother works at a hospital.

Who works at a hospital?

1. I go for a walk in the evening.

2. The children go to the park every day.

3. The summer ends in August. (what)

4. The sun rises in the east.

5. The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea. (what)

6. My cousin lives in Moscow.

7. He always has coffee for breakfast.

8. We have three or four lessons every day.

9. The train starts at five. (what)

10. Ann plays the piano very well.

36. Change the sentences according to the model using the words in brackets:

Sample: a) I speak English. (he)

He speaks English.

1. We translate English texts. (she)

2. They study physics. (he)

3. You carry out your experiment. (she)

4. I work at my report. (my friend)

5. They live in Tula. (our teacher)

b) He takes his exams in January. (we)

We take our exams in January.

1. He reads and writes English. (I)

2. This student attends seminars. (we)

3. This girl wants to read this book. (you)

4. Our teacher speaks English at the lesson. (they)

5. He studies biology. (I)

37. Give answers to the questions according to the model:

Sample a) : Does he speak German?

-He does not speak German. He speaks English.

1. Does he operate a computer? (calculator)

2. Do they live in Minsk? (grodno)

3. Does your friend take her exam in chemistry? (botany)

4. Do we usually work at the library? (at home)

5. Does she attend lectures? (seminars)

b ): Does he study French or English?

- He studies English.

1. Do you prefer peaches or apricots?

2. Does he like to ski or skate?

3. Do they speak Spanish or English?

4. Does she attend lectures or seminars?

5. Do you have three or four classes today?

c): Where does he live? (Tomsk)

- He lives in Tomsk.

1. What do you translate? (different articles)

2. How does he speak English? (well)

3. Whom does she help? (her mother)

4. When do they take their credit tests? (in winter and in summer)

5. What kind of texts does she read? (texts on history)

38. Translate into English:

You study or work? - Learning. - Where do you study? - At TSPU them. L.N. Tolstoy.
Do you live with your parents? - Yes. - You have got a big family? - Yes. There are five of us: father, mother, brother, sister and me. - Do your brother and sister study too? - No, they work: my sister is a teacher, and my brother works at a factory. He is an engineer.
Does Alik live with his parents? - No, he lives in a hostel. - In which room? - In room 23. The room is small, but bright.
Do you read a lot? – Yes, but I usually read in the summer when I have a lot of free time. During the school year I have a lot of work.
Do you often travel out of town? – No, we usually go to the dacha in the summer for weekends.
Do you have a car? – Yes, but it is old and I want to buy a new one. I love to travel by car.

39. Put sentences in Present Continuous according to the model:

a) Who/play/the piano? - Who is playing the piano?

b) I/eat/an apple. -

c) People/dance/in the street. -

d) The family/watch/a video. -

e) We/buy/a new car. -

f) What/your brother/doing? -

g) Who/make/what noise? -

h) I/write/an English exercise. -

i) Who/ sleep/ in that room?

40. Put the sentences in the interrogative and negative form according to the model:

Sample: The man is waiting for you.

Is the man waiting for you?

The man is not waiting for you.

1. The children are playing in the garden.

2. The people are hurrying to the stadium to see the football match.

4. His parents are leaving next week.

5. The students of group 5 are writing a test.

6. The family are having dinner now.

7. Mr. Black is speaking over the telephone now.

8. The leaves are falling from t

10. It is getting very cold.

11. They are traveling in America now.

12. Helen is doing well in her studies.

41. Correct the statements using the words in brackets according to the model:

Sample: She is reading now. (to write a letter)

She is not reading. She is writing a letter.

1. Helen is skating now. (to ski)

2. They are playing chess. (checkers)

3. Mother is making dinner. (to wash dishes in the kitchen)

4. Father is working in the garden. (to take a rest)

5. Ann and John are swimming there. (to lie in the sun)

6. She is learning new words. (to recite a poem)

7. The students are going home. (to the library).

8. It is raining hard. (to snow

9. The children are hurrying to the disco. (skating-rink) 10.Our parents are watching TV. (to talk)

42. Specify the details of the statement according to the model:

Sample: The children are taking a walk in the park. (where)

Where are the children taking a walk?

1. Lucy is taking her examination now. (what)

2. Tom is playing chess with his friend. (who… with)

3. Many students are going to the canteen for lunch. (how many)

4. She is looking at the picture. (what... at)

5. He is answering the teacher's questions. (whose questions)

6. They are speaking about their work. (what)

7. They are having lunch in the canteen. (where)

8. They are waiting for us on the corner. (who)

9. Mother is cooking dinner now. (what)

43. Use the verbs in brackets in Present Simple or Present Continuous:

1. I (to read) a very interesting book.

2. Usually my friend (to read) a lot.

3. What do you (to do) tonight? Let's go to the cinema.

4. What do they usually (to do) at the week-end?

5. I'd like to see Professor Smith. - Sorry. He is out at the moment. He (to lecture).

6. Sometimes he (to lecture) in English for the students of the English section.

7. Hello. This is Brown speaking. - Sorry, I don't hear you well. Who (to speak)?

8. I (not to drink) coffee now. I (not to drink) coffee in the evening.

9. He usually (to get up) at 7, but now he (to sleep).

10. How (to be) your brother now? – His health (to improve), thank you.

44. Translate into English using the verbs in Present Simple or Present Continuous:

1. Are you in a hurry to get to class? - Yes, we have a lecture at 10 o'clock. I don't want to be late.

2. Where are you going? - I'm going to the library. I always go there at this time.

3. Who are you writing this letter to? - Sister. I write to her every week.

4. Is your brother at home? - Yes. He is busy now. He is preparing lessons.

5. Don't enter the audience. Students write their test paper there.

6. Don't disturb me. I am preparing for a report.

7. Next week we are going to Sochi.

8. What are you thinking about?

9. Grandpa is not sleeping now. He never sleeps during the day.

10. What are you drinking now? – I always drink coffee for breakfast.

45. Fill in the gaps with relative pronouns who, whom, that, which. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. The book … I took from the library was very interesting.

2. I don’t like films … have unhappy endings.

3. This book is about a girl … had unusual abilities.

4. The building … was destroyed in the fire has been rebuilt.

5. Do you know the people … live next door?

6. Where is the bread … I bought yesterday?

7. The woman … I want to see is my cousin.

8. Is this the key … you lost?

9. The girl with … I lived in a hostel no longer studies at our University.

10. The man … I saw first was from the police.

46. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. This book belongs to our teacher.

2. We went ... the garden and sat down ... the bench.

3. Go … the blackboard and write down the date … it.

4. He took a handkerchief … … his pocket and wiped his face.

5. He thanked me … my help.

6. They told us … their journey … Africa.

7. After classes we all went … a walk … the park.

8. I usually get up ... seven o'clock or ... a quarter ... seven.

9. My birthday is … the third of May.

10. He bought a book … sonnets and presented it … his sister.

11. He explained the rule … us in detail.

12. The boy cut his finger … a knife.

13. He built the house … his own hand.

14. The audience listened ... the speaker ... great attention.

15. We were met at the station … our friends.

16. We are having a party… Wednesday.

17. He promised to be back … a week.

18. The road is busy all the time, even … night.

47. Form nouns from the following verbs using suffixes - er, -or, -ment, -ation, -ion. Translate the nouns into Russian:

Sample: hunter

drive, to inform, act, to contribute, to wait, direct, to settle, run, clean, teach, play, to introduce, to educate, to collect, to visit, to complete , to create, to build

48. Form adjectives from the following nouns using suffixes –able, -ible, -al, -ic, -ful, -y. Translate adjectives into Russian:

Sample:respect- respectful

nation, science, wonder, care, help, comfort, skill, pay, sun, rain, beauty, finance, response, critic, geology

49. Form adverbs from the following adjectives using the suffix -ly. Translate adverbs into Russian:

Sample: quick - quickly

serious, careful, quiet, bad, heavy, perfect, reasonable, terrible, complete, fluent, happy, absolute, successful, slight, colorful, selfish, sudden, angry, loud, correct, easy, secret

50. Form Past Indefinite and Past Participle from the following verbs. Check yourself on the table of irregular verbs:

to come, to put, to sing, to teach, to find, to have, to lose, to begin, to feel, to read, to tell, to do, to say, to think, to know, to think, to stand , to work, to like, to be, to walk, to make, to go, to want, to arrive, to speak, to eat, to bring, to help, to stay, to study, to watch, to understand

51. Use the verbs in brackets in Past Simple:

1. Last Sunday our team (to play) well.

2. It (to rain) hard last week.

3. Some years ago I (to try) to learn French.

4. It (to snow) heavily last night.

5. He (to listen) to the latest news an hour ago.

6. She (to play) the piano the day before yesterday.

7. Mr. Brown (to look) through the papers in the morning.

8. They (to play) chess at the weekend.

10. I (to be) angry because they (to be) late.

11. We (to go) to the cinema twice last week.

12. I (to see) Liz in town a few days ago.

13. Yesterday they (to come) home very late.

14. I (to learn) to drive many years ago.

15. Yesterday I (to lose) my watch.

52. Put the following sentences in the interrogative and negative form according to the model:

Sample:We invited them to the party.

Did we invite them to the party?

We didn't invite them to the party.

She passed her examinations well.
We went out last night.
They spent their holiday in the south.
I phoned her an hour ago.
We waited long for him.
We worked in the garden the whole day yesterday.
They traveled there by plane.
The performance lasted till 11 o'clock in the evening.
He lived in England for many years.

53. Ask questions to the sentences according to the model, using the words in brackets:

Sample:(A)They rested at home in summer. (where)

Where did they rest in summer?

He listened to the CD last night. (what time)
He invited his friends to the picnic. (where)
She listened to the concert yesterday. (what concert)
The student asked a difficult question. (what question)

5. She left Tula for Samara. (why)

6. He did his lessons in the reading-room. (where)

7. She bought this dress yesterday. (where)

8. They discussed the latest news at the meeting. (what news)

9. He wrote a long letter home the day before yesterday. (what)

10. I met a friend at the concert last night. (whom)

(B) We arrived at ten o'clock.(who)

Who arrived at ten o'clock?

1. They sat in the first row. (who)

2. The film lasted three hours. (what)

3. She told the whole story to us. (who)

4. The accident happened at night. (what)

5. The storm made us stay at home. (what)

6. Ann translated the letter into German. (who)

7. She had a bad headache yesterday. (who)

8. Pete entered the University last year. (who)

9. The weather changed for the worst. (what)

10. She got a five in her English exam. (who)

(C) They rested at home last Sunday. (who else)

Who else rested at home last Sunday?

He studied German at school.
Nick missed the lecture last night.
They translated this article last week.
They discussed many interesting problems at the meeting.
We traveled to the Crimea last summer.

He wrote a letter home.
She wanted to visit Paris.
They were late for classes yesterday.
He collected the paintings of old masters.

54. Translate into English:

My grandfather was born in 1921. When he was 8 years old, he went to school. He studied well at school and graduated successfully. The war began, and he went to the front. After the war, my grandfather went to college. After graduation, he became an engineer and worked at a factory. After work, he usually went to the library and studied a lot there. He was working on his book War Stories.

55. Use the verbs in brackets in Future Simple as in:

Sample:They (to meet) us at the station.

They will meet us at the station.

1. Mick (to get) up very early tomorrow.

2. Mr. Fray(to be) in his office.

3. There (to be) a fine garden in front of the house.

4. There (to be) many students present at the lecture.

5. He (to have) enough time to do the job.

6. Everybody (to laugh) at the picture.

7. Helen (to give) private lessons.

8. I (to go) for a walk after supper.

9. The play (to last) three hours.

10 They (to arrive) in two days.

11. We (to spend) our next holiday in Italy.

12. It is too far from here. We (to go) there by taxi.

13. I (to forget) about my promise.

14. It's getting too cold. I (to close) the window.

15. Don't worry. Nothing (to happen) to him.

56. Put sentences in interrogative and negative form according to the model:

Sample:Bob will graduate from the University next year.

Will Bob graduate from the University next year?

Bob will not (won't) graduate from the University next year.

1. There will be a dance at the end of the party. 2. He will do what you want. 3. Harris will sing a comic song. 4. They will announce the news later today. 5. We shall take Jane for a picnic. 6. They will have a meeting tonight. 7. I shall be able to help you with your English. 8. Tom will be put in hospital. 9. There will be many visitors today. 10. Will not get a good job after graduating from the College. 11. We shall have a History class tomorrow. 12. All the students will be busy at that time. 13. I shall arrive in London the day after tomorrow. 14. You will have to be there in two days. 15. She will be able to do the job on time. 16. He will make a special announcement. 17. You will go to the country at the week-end.

57. Ask questions starting with the words in brackets, following the model:

Sample:They will open the cafeteria next week. (when)

When will they open the cafeteria?

Some of them will go to Brighton one of these days. (where)
Next Sunday I shall write a letter to my friend. (what)
Soon there will be many young trees in this park. (what kind of...)
We shall have dinner at home at about six. (when)
There will be a party at the Browns'. (where)
I shall leave a message for him on the table. (who)
We shall take the children to the Zoo. (whom)
She will take her English exam on Friday. (what)
He will call me in the evening. (when)
They will play a game of chess after dinner. (when)

58. Translate the sentences into Russian, paying attention to conjunctions:

1. If everything is all right, my son will graduate from the college next year.

2. I shall not do what you want unless you do what I asked you.

3. W hen you leave the room, please, make us a sign, and we'll follow you.

4. We shall not have dinner until father comes from work.

5. as soon as John gets a good job, he will get married.

6. Before I go to the evening party, I'll call you.

7. If it doesn't rain, we shall go to the park.

8. If we don't leave now, we shall miss the train.

9. When you see him next, he will be much taller.

10. He will come to see us as soon as he arrives.

11. I shall start translating the article after you give me the dictionary.

59. Complete the sentences according to the model:

Sample : I shall have lunch as soon as ...

I shall have lunch as soon as I am ready.

We shall go to the country if the weather ....
I shall listen to the radio before I ...
She will not call you until you ... .
They will go to the cinema after they ... .
I shall not come to see you tomorrow unless I ... .
We shall go to the bar if ... .
Wait here until the doctor ... .
You will have to work hard if ... .

60. Put the verbs in brackets into Present or Future Indefinite:

1. Before you (to leave) home, ring me up.

2. As soon as you (to get) my message, let me know.

When I (to enter) the University, I (to study) two foreign languages.

3. If you (to be busy) on Sunday afternoon, we (not to go) to the stadium.

4. If you (to look through) today's paper, you (to find) an interesting article.

5. When you (to get tired), we (to stop) working.

6. As soon as I (to get) any news about him, I (to inform) you about it.

7. Before we (to begin) to read a book, we (to look through) it.

61. Translate into English:

1. We will go to the cinema after we finish work.

2. When I come home, I will rest.

3. Before he goes to London, he will call you.

4. We will not have dinner until you come.

5. When you leave, tell us about it.

6. You may be late if you don't take a taxi.

7. If she does not answer my letter, I will not write to her.

8. As soon as I am free, I will call you.

9. You won't speak English well if you don't know grammar.

10. Wait until the teacher comes.

11. After I graduate from the institute, I will get married.

12. He won't be able to do this job if you don't help him.

62. Use the verbs in brackets in Past Continuous according to the model:

Sample:I (to do) my homework at this time yesterday.

I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.

1. This time last year I (to live) in Spain.

2. I (to go) home when I met Jane.

3. We (to wait) for him from 2 to 5.

4. She hurt her knee while she (to work) in the garden.

5. I heard footsteps behind me and understood that somebody (to follow) me.

6. The TV was on bur nobody (to watch) it.

7. We (to have) dinner in the canteen when the bell rank.

8. When we saw her she (to sit) on the grass and (to read) a book.

63. Make sentences with verbs in Past Continuous according to the model:

Sample:to work - to take a rest

While I was working, she was taking a rest.

to skate - to ski; to read - to do lessons; to watch TV - to cook supper; to swim - to play tennis; to write a letter - to listen to the radio; to play tennis - to play volleyball.

64. Answer the questions:

1. What class were you having at this time yesterday?

2. Were you speaking English or Russian at the English class?

3. What were you doing during the English class?

4. Were you reading or writing, doing exercises or having a test?

5. The teacher was asking you questions, wasn't he (she)?

6. Where were you going when I met you?

7. Whom were you talking to when I came up to you?

8. What were you talking about?

iron; iron

football; football

football; soccer ball

hair; hair

grain (as a crop); grain

crime; a crime

medicine; medicines

the medicine; medicines

Tasks

1. Form many. Ch.:

Producer, foot, actress, sheep, match, woman, trousers, data, policeman, son-in-law, roof, thief, child, student, basis, mouse, play, performance, spy.

2. Put the following sentences in plural. Ch.

1. This cup is dirty. 2. That biscuit was tasty. 3. This hotel is very expensive but it's very nice. 4. There is a children's playground in the park. 5. That is a new supermarket in our town. 6. It's a delicious lemon pie for dessert. 7. It's a nice cotton dress for my niece. 8. This man is an engineer. 9. That woman is my sister. 10. This child is my son. 11. That goose is big. 12. This mouse is white. 13. This man is a doctor. 14. That woman is my cousin. She is a teacher. 15. That girl is my niece. She is a pupil. 16. This girl has a blue sweater. 17. This boy has a good coat. 18. My uncle has a large flat. 19. There is a table in the room. 20. I have a good pen. My pen is in my pocket. 21. There is a flower in the vase. 22. This child's foot is sore.

3. Pluralize the following nouns (remember to omit the indefinite article before the plural),

A table, a plate, a fox, a room, a lady, a knife, a chair, a bus, a Negro, a match, a way, a house, a family, a flag, a town, a wolf, a country , a lion, a park, a play.

four . Make the following nouns plural (note the articles: the indefinite article in the plural is omitted, the definite article is retained).

A star, a mountain, a tree, a shilling, a king, the waiter, the queen, a man, the man, a woman, the woman, an eye, a shelf, a box, the city, a boy, a goose , the watch, a mouse, a dress, a toy, the sheep, a tooth, a child, the ox, a deer, the life, a tomato.

5. Put the following phrases in the plural.

this knife ,this tea-cup, this egg, that wall, that picture, this foot, that mountain, this lady, that window, this man, that match.

6. Put the following sentences in the plural about.

1. This is a star. 2. This is a boy. 3. This is a baby. 4. That is a plate. 5. That is a flower, j 6. That is a bookshelf. 7. Is this a sofa? 8. Is this a bookcase? 9. Is this a man? 10. Is that a ball? 11. Is that a train? 12. Is that a plane? 13. Is the window open? 14. Is the door closed? 15. Is the boy near the window? 16. That is not a king, 17. That is not a queen. 18. That is not a bus. 19. This isn't a mountain. 20. That isn't a goose. 21. This isn't a mouse. 22. It is a sheep. 23. It is a cigarette. 24. It is a cat. 25. It is not a girl. 26. It isn't a bag. 27. It isn't a tree. 28. It is not a bad egg. 29. It is a good egg. 30. Is that a flower?

7. Put the following sentences in the plural about.

This man is an engineer. 2, That woman is my sister. 3. This child is my son, 4. That goose is big. 5. This mouse is white. 6. This man is a doctor. 7. That woman is my cousin. She is a teacher 8. That girl is my niece. She is a pupil. 9. This girl has a blue sweater. 10. This boy has a good coat. 11. My uncle has a large flat. 12. There is a table in the room. 13. I have a good pen. My pen is in my pocket. 14. There is a flower in the vase. 15. This child's foot is sore.

Ex. 85. Put the following sentences in the plural.

Ex. 84. Put the following sentences in the plural.

Ex. 83. Put the following sentences in the plural.

Ex. 82. Put the following sentences in the plural.

Ex. 81. Put the following sentences in the plural.

1. This man is an engineer. 2, That woman is my sister. 3. This child is my son, 4. That goose is big. 5. This mouse is white. 6. This man is a doctor. 7. That woman is my cousin. She is a teacher 8. That girl is my niece. She is a pupil. 9. This girl has a blue sweater. 10. This boy has a good coat. 11. My uncle has a large flat. 12. There is a table in the room. 13. I have a good pen. My pen is in my pocket. 14. There is a flower in the vase. 15. This child's foot is sore.

1. This room is very large. 2. There is a match in the box. 3. Has this lady a knife? 4. There is a man and a woman in the street. 5. This lady is that gentleman's wife. 6. This shoe is too large for my foot. 7. The child is sitting on a bench. 8. My tooth is white. 9. This key is made of steel. 10. A potato is a vegetable and a cherry is a fruit. 11. This.is my friend's study.

1. What is that child "s name? 2, The cat has caught a mouse. 3. There was a lady, a gentleman, a boy and a girl in the room. 4. In the farm-yard we could see an ox , a sheep, a cow and a goose. 5. Is this worker an Englishman or a German? -He is a Frenchman. 6. Why don't you eat this potato? 7. This strawberry is still green. 8. The withered leaf has fallen to the ground. 9. Can you see a bird in that tree? 10. Does your tooth still ache? 11.1 12. His child studies very well 13. This man works at our office 14. There is a new house in our street 15. This story is very interesting 16. I have hurt my foot 17. The wolf has been shot 18. He keeps his toy in a box 19. Put this knife on that table.

1. This is my stocking. 2. He has a new suit. 3. This metal is very hard. 4. That ship is a Russian one. 5. I heard her voice. 6. His dog does not like bread. 7. The plate was on the table. 8. This town is very large. 9. I was talking to her at the tram stop yesterday. 10. Is that girl your sister? 11. I shall give you my book. 12. This story will be a good one. 13. Is this a good match? 14. The boy put his book on the desk. 15. She took off her hat.

16. That house is new. 17. The young man put his hand in his pocket. 18. Is this student coming with us, too? 19. The woman didn't say anything. 20. Does she speak English?

Ex. 84. Put the following sentences in the plural.

Ex. 83. Put the following sentences in the plural.

Ex. 82. Put the following sentences in the plural.

Ex. 81. Put the following sentences in the plural.

16. That house is new. 17. The young man put his hand in his pocket. 18. Is this student coming with us, too? 19. The woman didn't say anything. 20. Does she speak English?

In general, the plural of nouns in English is formed according to strict and simple rules. However, there are some nuances and exceptions here, which it will be useful for you to know.

Basic Rules for Plural Formation

The plural of most nouns is formed by adding the ending to the word - s. For example:

cup - cup s
pen-pen s
page - page s
daughter-daughter s

However, if the word ends with -ch, -x, -s, -sh, the ending is added to it -es.

ben ch-bench es
fo x fox es
cla ss class es
bru sh- brush es

Most nouns ending in a consonant +o, also form the plural with the ending -es.

he ro— hero es
pota to- potato es
toma to- tomato es

However, words of Spanish or Italian origin that end in -o, just added -s.

photo o— photo s
pian o— piano s
tang o— tango s
study o studio s

For nouns that end in -z, added -zes.

In nouns that end in a consonant +y, discarded y and added -ies. For example:

co py- cop ies
hob by— hobb ies
s ky— sk ies

Most nouns of Latin origin that end in -is, discarded -is and added -es. For example:

bass is- bass es
Cris is— cris es
oas is— oas es

Most nouns that end in -f or -fe, discarded f and added -ves. For example:

wi fe— wi weight
shell f shel weight
lea f— lea weight

But this is not a strict rule:

belief - beliefs (believes is a verb)
chief-chiefs
reef - reefs
proof - proofs
cliff - cliffs
safe - safes (saves is a verb)

Exceptions to the rules

There are many common nouns that have an irregular plural form: the plural of such nouns is formed in a non-standard way.

These include most nouns denoting people. For example:

woman-women
child - children
brother - brethren (meaning "brothers")

Other exception nouns:

foot - feet
teeth
goose—geese
mouse-mice

Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. For example:

sheep-sheep
fruit - fruit
aircraft - aircraft
series - series

In the plural, they require the appropriate form of the verb (are / were):

There is a fruit in the vase. — There are some fruits in the vase.
There was a sheep in the field. — There were a lot of sheep in the field.

In turn, uncountable nouns (money, news, advice, information) do not have a plural form and agree with the singular verb ( is/was):

There is a lot of news in your letter.
There was some money on the table.

Some nouns (scissors, glasses, trousers, tweezers, pajamas, etc.) are only plural and require the appropriate form of the verb ( are / were). For example:

Where are my new trousers? they were on the chair.

Nouns that come from obsolete forms of English words or are of foreign origin often have a non-standard plural form:

ox-oxen
index - indices or indexes

In compound nouns, the plural ending is usually added to the main component. For example:

mother-in-law s-in law
hotel-keeper s

Words ending in -us

Linguists can argue for hours about plural nouns that end in -us. Many of these words are borrowed from Latin and retain their Latin plural form, where the -us ending is changed to -i (pronounced [-ʌɪ] or [-iː]). However, not all such words are of Latin origin, and not all Latin words end in -i in the plural, hence the controversy. For example:

The plural of virus is virus. es, not viri.

Some take the regular English ending -es: campus - campus es; bonus - bonus es.

Some Latin borrowings take the ending -i: radius - radi i, stimulus - stimulus i.

If you want to puzzle a linguist, ask him if the plural of crocus is crocuses or croci. Or is the plural of octopus octopuses, octopi, or octopodes?

Words in the singular

Uncountable nouns are used only in the singular.