Popular varieties of cabbage for open ground. Late cabbage: the best varieties. Cabbage for pickling and pickling varieties - how to choose the best variety

For salting and long-term storage until spring, winter (or late-ripening) cabbage varieties are most suitable. It is them that summer residents prefer to grow in order to prepare enough of this useful vegetable for the winter to feed the whole family.

Many late varieties have been bred. They differ mainly in the duration of ripening. While early varieties take three months from germination to fully ripen, mid-season varieties may take four months, then some varieties of late cabbage mature only six months after the start of growth from seeds.

This long wait is rewarded:

• equally long shelf life;
• high yield of varieties;
• excellent transportability of heads of cabbage;
• readiness to preserve all valuable substances, taste and textural properties during salting, pickling and fermentation.

By the way! Varieties intended for long-term storage improve their palatability over time. In addition, in cabbage, unlike other vegetables and root crops, nitrates do not accumulate during the time it is stored.

The second difference between different types of cabbage ripening in terms of maturation is agricultural technology. In general terms, it is similar not only for all cabbages, but also for many crucifers. But the timing of sowing, germination, planting and some growth conditions differ in detail in late cabbage from its mid-season and early-maturing "relatives".

By the way! Some varieties of late-ripening cabbage can stay intact, under appropriate conditions, until the next harvest.

Growing features

In different regions, depending on the climate, the seeds of late cabbage varieties are planted at different times. But always, in all climatic zones, this is a seedling method of growing. For late varieties, seedlings are grown at home (in extreme cases, in a heated greenhouse or greenhouse). In the southern regions, it is possible to sow seeds on a special seedling bed under a film cover.

Stimulation and disinfection of seeds

Before sowing late cabbage seeds, they need to be disinfected. Soaking in hot water is sufficient for disinfection. The temperature should not be higher than + 45 ° С. It is necessary to keep cabbage seeds in water for a quarter of an hour, placing them first in a rag bag.

How to keep the required temperature in the container for a certain time?

1. Put a dish of water on the heater (after checking the temperature of its heating in advance for half an hour).
2. Put the container in another container, pouring water into it, ten degrees hotter (a kind of water bath, just not on fire).
3. Disinfect seeds in a multicooker on the "Yogurt" mode.

Important! The heating procedure will not only destroy the microbes that may be inside the seed, but will also contribute to the speedy germination by activating the growth point of the embryo.

After disinfection by heating, the seeds must be quickly cooled by lowering them for one minute under cold running water.

Soaking the seeds in a fertilizer solution will help accelerate germination and make the seedlings even more uniform. It can be any mineral complex. It is best to take a regular nitrophosphate. The proportions for the preparation of the solution are 5 g of granules per 500 ml of water. Room temperature water. Dissolve thoroughly. Keep seeds for 12 hours.

Preparation of seedling containers and soil

Cabbage dives well, so it can be grown initially in any convenient or available containers. If pots are available, use pots. There are boxes, sow in boxes.

It is more convenient to plant cabbage on a ridge or in a greenhouse from individual pots with a diameter of about 8 cm. By the time they move to the garden, the seedlings should have four adult leaves.

The soil for sowing cabbage is not heavy. Peat is traditionally used. If possible, part of the humus is mixed with part of the sod land, sand can not be added. Both peat and mixed substrate must be seasoned with wood ash. About a tablespoon is used per liter of substrate. The ash is sieved before this. Then it is thoroughly mixed with the soil.

Sowing

You can sow late cabbage seeds at the end of February. It can take up to 60 days before planting seedlings in the garden. The latest sowing dates for late varieties are mid-March. Sowing later in the middle lane is impractical, the heads will not have time to ripen.

Advice! If you are late with sowing late-ripening varieties, sow mid-ripening ones. Some mid-season varieties, for example, "Gift", are stored for up to four months, have good data for canning and can be used fresh.

Sowing takes place in shallow grooves, about 2 cm deep. The distance between the crops in the box is 5 cm.When two full-fledged leaves appear, the seedlings will have to be thinned so that a distance of at least 5 cm remains between the seedlings.If you are sowing in a pot, spread 3-4 seeds at the corners of an imaginary square, on top of the soil. Fill on top with a two centimeter layer of peat. Crops are watered and covered with foil.

After germination, which appears on the 5-7th day, the film is removed immediately and is no longer used.

Late varieties need a lot of sunlight, heat and moisture for the heads of cabbage to fully ripen. Only finally ripe heads of cabbage can be stored all winter until summer. Therefore, the landing site is chosen open. The soil is fertilized with organic matter in the fall. Cabbage loves organic fertilizers - this is the best fertilizing option for this plant. Late cabbage especially needs fertilization of the soil. Up to 7 kg of rotted organic matter is used per 1 m². Can be fertilized with plant compost. But animal organic matter in addition, in the form of a solution, should be used for pre-plant feeding and for periodic feeding, which is carried out at least three during the growing season.

Transfer

At the end of April, holes are dug in a dug ridge according to the number of seedlings. Seedlings move into moist soil, with a moist clod, do not deepen. Watering is necessary plentiful. The first feeding is carried out on the twentieth day after planting.

The hole is kept free of weeds. The soil is loosened. After the beginning of the formation of the outer stump, the plant must be spud.

The best varieties of late-ripening cabbage

There are not so many varieties of cabbage, unlike other garden vegetables. Against several hundred varieties of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers - only a few dozen early, medium and late cabbage varieties. Some of them, moreover, were bred back in the USSR from numerous hybrids, so they cannot be called the best. The most popular, most frequently and successfully cultivated are the following late varieties.

"Aggressor"

Aggressor is a popular hybrid variety

Marked "F1", it is a hybrid in the first generation. It can be grown in any region. Its characteristic features are delayed development at the stage after planting seedlings; unpretentiousness and ease of plant care.

By the way! This variety grows with little or no maintenance. In any case, you do not need to look after him as carefully as for his brothers. You can "forget" to water, feed (withstands a lack of nitrogen and drought).

Color - green with blue. There is a waxy coating. The structure of the head of cabbage is of high density. The hard, knocked down fruit reaches five kilograms. Grown within four months. After 120 days from germination, it reaches full ripeness. Almost no cracking occurs, prolonged cleaning is possible almost until the first frost.

The variety is resistant to black leg, not affected by fusarium, thrips, not susceptible to late blight. One of the best for fermentation, stored in heads of cabbage for five months.

Video - Cabbage "Aggressor F1"

"Mara"

One of the most popular varieties of Belarusian selection. The growing season is long - up to 165 days. Heads of average weight - 4 kg. But the taste is exceptional. Used for fermentation whole, heads, kept fresh for about eight months, until early May. Differs in high productivity.

White cabbage. Variety "Mara"

Bluish waxy bloom on the thick outer leaves is pronounced. The variety is grafted with resistance to rot.

"Moscow"

White cabbage "Moscow" late

This is a giant variety. The heads can be up to ten kilograms. Ripens, however, in just 130 days. It is considered one of the most productive varieties. The surface color is green-gray. The inside of the section is white with yellowness. The taste is not just good - it is excellent. Lots of sugars, ascorbic acid, minerals.

By the way! Able to withstand a drop in temperatures down to -6 ° C ... 8 ° C. Therefore, the dates of disembarkation and harvesting can be shifted to an earlier (spring) and later (autumn) time.

With a dense consistency, it is juicy. Resistant to cracking and most cruciferous diseases. Only slugs and aphids need processing.

Stored at + 5 ° C for 9 months or more.

The variety is ideal for fermentation and the production of any blanks. The heads are small - up to five kilograms. The density is increased. The color is green-gray with a bloom. White inside. There is resistance to root rot and fungal infections.

By the way! It is a cold-hardy variety, but it does not tolerate heat well and reacts negatively to drought. Therefore, it needs additional watering.

The growing season of the variety lasts 160 days. Average shelf life is up to six months. Therefore, this variety is best used to create winter stocks of pickles. Perfectly transported, not prone to damage, does not crack, cleaning can be done mechanically.

"Megaton"

Cabbage "Megaton f1"

The earliest among the late hybrids, after the leader of the "Aggressor". The growing season is within four months. The head of cabbage grows dense, weighing up to 5 kg. This is a Dutch hybrid, and the breeders took care of the "brainchild" as much as possible, providing it with immunity not only to diseases, but also to insect damage.

Excellent transport capabilities. Quite high taste parameters. It is not stored for long - five months. Used for fermentation. Needs frequent watering and an increased rate of mineral fertilizing.

"Snow White"

Cabbage "Snow White" (late)

A late variety, it is considered universal, since it is suitable both for storage for eight months, and for all types of salting and canning, as well as for fresh consumption.

By the way! High healing properties of this variety of cabbage and its increased nutritional qualities are noted. It is considered beneficial for children as it supplies many of the nutrients needed by a growing body.

Fully ripe forks reach 4 kg. The growing season is 160 days. Leaves of beautiful turquoise color, white dense inside. Not damaged by delayed harvest and transportation.

A very popular variety among gardeners of the middle lane. Domestic hybrid. It ripens for a long time - up to 180 days. The weight characteristics of a head of cabbage do not exceed 4 kg. Stored for 8 months. But with all these "ordinary" qualities, "Valentina" is distinguished by outstanding taste qualities. It is characterized by high sugar content, crispness, and fork density. It can be used in all cabbage "hypostases". But best of all, besides perfect storage, cabbage tolerates pickling.

White cabbage "Valentina"

Also a popular hybrid with perfectly rounded five-kilogram heads that ripen within 150 days. Wax bloom is pronounced. The middle is snow-white. A very dense head of cabbage. Stored for 7 months. Can be used for fermentation. This variety, with such "okay", one-to-one heads of cabbage, is distinguished by high marketability, simultaneous ripening and ease of harvesting. Does not require specific maintenance. It is susceptible to cabbage diseases and pests.

"Sugarloaf"

Cabbage variety "Sugarloaf"

The speaking name of this late variety indicates its high sugar content. There is absolutely no bitterness in it, so it is used mainly fresh. Not only organic sugars are found in large quantities, but also many minerals, and a number of vitamins, led by ascorbic acid.

Sugarloaf giant cabbage

By the way! Resistance to fusarium, bacterial diseases, keel and an eight-month shelf life contributes to the popularity of the variety.

After 160 days from the beginning of the growing season, the heads of cabbage gain a mass of 3.5 kg. This is quite a bit when you consider that some varieties grow three times heavier. But the nutritional value is taken into account when choosing a cultivar for cultivation, therefore, Sugarloaf is not in the last place among the popular late cultivars of white cabbage.

This hybrid, named eloquently for its properties (high keeping quality), has, nevertheless, a very small weight, and, accordingly, size, heads of cabbage. The maximum up to which the forks grow is 3 kg. Ripens for 155 days. Has above average palatability immediately after harvest. Then, during storage, they rise significantly. The variety can be stored until June, a full nine months. Moreover, they even begin to ferment and preserve it not immediately after collection, but in the middle of the shelf life. At this time, around February, the heads of cabbage reach the highest sugar content.

An extremely late ripening hybrid, ripening 175 days. The mass of a head of cabbage does not exceed 4 kg. Recommended by summer residents for cultivation for a long and good keeping quality. Storage is possible up to 8 months. It tolerates all types of canning perfectly, keeping the vitamin composition unchanged. High juice content. Above the average density of a head of cabbage. Not prone to fusarium wilt. The yield is strong.

This "pirate" variety is a mid-late hybrid. It is preferred for a relatively short ripening period of 130 days. Small heads of cabbage - 3.5 kg. Shelf life to late varieties does not hold out, shelf life is no longer than 5 months. But you can ferment and preserve immediately after harvesting. Taste characteristics are equally high for both fresh and canned products.

Table. The timing and duration of the main stages of growing popular late varieties of white cabbage

Video - Planting late cabbage

Cabbage grows in every vegetable garden. Therefore, the right choice of a variety that will give a generous harvest becomes a very important task. Cabbage seeds are sold in huge quantities in garden shops. The variety is pleasing, but it also makes it difficult to choose. How to choose the best outdoor cabbage seeds? What characteristics should you pay attention to? Finding answers to these questions can take a long time.

Quality indicators

The State Register of the Russian Federation includes 421 items. Of these - 196 domestic and 225 foreign selection. Our breeders have created cabbage for cultivation in all twelve regions of the country.

Cabbage of the broccoli type, Brussels sprouts, Chinese cabbage, Kohlrabi, red cabbage, leafy cabbage, Peking cabbage, Savoyard, cauliflower and Japanese cabbage cannot compete with white cabbage in terms of prevalence. The State Register of the Russian Federation contains only 295 varieties of all these vegetables. There is no need to choose the best of 12 types of Brussels sprouts or 22 varieties of Savoy.

Important! Currently, breeding is mainly engaged in breeding new hybrids of the first generation. This made it possible to provide the population with year-round consumption of fresh vegetables.

Hybrids have a number of indisputable advantages: they ripen faster, keep longer, have better taste. However, their advantages are revealed only with a high agrotechnical background.

The indicators for the quality of white cabbage seeds are comprehensive:

• varietal purity;
• early maturity;
• productivity;
• yield;
• taste qualities;
• germination of seeds;
• head shape;
• commercial quality (dense tasty forks, attractive color, short stump, juicy leaves, increased amount of sugars, vitamins, dry substances and other nutrients);
• high quality vegetables (large amount of vitamins, sugars, biologically active substances, low fiber content);
• resistance to diseases, especially keel (for the regions of the Far East and the Leningrad region), fusarium wilt, vascular bacteriosis;
• genetic resistance to thrips (for the southern regions);
• tendency to the least accumulation of nitrates;
• keeping quality is not less than 4-6 months;
• transportability;
• heat resistance;
• drought resistance;
• salt tolerance;
• resistance to cracking;
• uniformity of the size of heads of cabbage;
• ripening amicability;
• universal use;
• high technology when growing;
• suitability for mechanized cultivation;
• recyclability;
• laboriousness of cleaning the forks (ease of cutting the fork and cleaning the leaves);
• output of marketable products.

The best varieties for open ground for commercial purposes are bred abroad, however, domestic cabbage has varieties that are unsurpassed in reliability for use in private farms.

It is worth remembering that new varieties and hybrids meet the characteristics required for industrial production. Many are not required for planting in private households.

The economic indicators of cabbage, necessary for production in the south of the country, are completely unnecessary in the central or northern regions. And the characteristics of a winter vegetable are different from the early one.

Therefore, it is too early to refuse seeds of old and proven varieties that give a stable yield in any conditions. Be sure to choose zoned plants. Breeding novelties should occupy 10-15% of all crops.

Below are descriptions of various varieties and hybrids of cabbage, suitable for commercial production and cultivation in private farmsteads in the central regions of Russia.

Early cabbage

In the southern regions of our homeland, the climate is favorable for the cultivation of plantings of early vegetables. However, the climate is absolutely not suitable for the production of medium and late vegetables. Therefore, the southern regions are a supplier of early products. White cabbage is often grown here in greenhouses. Almost all of the harvest is sold.

Important! Early vegetables are characterized by small, crumbly forks of excellent taste, which are used fresh and in cooking. However, they are not stable and are also not suitable for conservation.

Early cabbage has three ripening periods:

• very early;
• very early to early;
• early (early maturing).

Very early hybrids:

• Angelina;
• Baroque;
• Granddaughter;
• Daughter;
• Legate;
• Magnus;
• Naughty boy;
• Daughter-in-law;
• The first love;
• Prelate;
• Prize-winner;
• Dawn;
• Sympathy;
• Speedon;
• Sprint;
• Stalker;
• Cook;
• Express.

Nakhalenok F1 - round green head of cabbage, yellow inside, good taste, weighing 1.7–2.5 kg. The yield is 20–40 t / ha, which is higher than the Transfer standard. The output of marketable products is 90%.

Express F1 - time to harvest 60–95 days, small rounded head of cabbage weighing 0.9–1.3 kg with thin loose leaves, excellent taste. The yield is 33–38 t / ha with the amicable ripening of coots and the output of marketable products up to 98%.

1. Surprise F1 - early ripening with a technical ripeness of 90-110 days. A flat green head of cabbage with a short stalk, weighing 0.8-1.4 kg, good taste. Marketable yield 30–35 t / ha at the level of the Kazachok F1 standard. Gives a reliable harvest with 97% yield of marketable products, leveled and ripening forks at the same time.
2. Ritsa F1 - early maturing, resistant to fungal diseases, with a yield of up to 34 t / ha, absolutely not prone to cracking. Excellent presentation and uniformity of size of heads of cabbage weighing 0.9-1.2 kg with excellent taste.

From the early (early maturing):

1. June - bred in 1071, has not lost its popularity and has remained unsurpassed to this day in some characteristics. It is grown from Moldova to the Far East, gives an excellent yield of 36–64 t / ha with a marketable output of 97%. Disadvantages - forks of different weights from 0.9 to 2.4 kg.
2. Number one polar K 206 - recommended for cultivation in almost all regions, including the Far North. Round flat head of cabbage weighing 1.6–3.2 kg tastes good. High yield 33–66 t / ha with a marketable yield of up to 96%.

Widely zoned Kazachok F1, Transfer F1, Number one Gribovsky 147 have become standards for comparison with new domestic and foreign varieties.

Medium ripening cabbage

Producers from the Central and Western regions specialize in growing medium early and late varieties and hybrids. This is due to the climatic conditions of these regions.

Of course, it is quite possible to grow on a private backyard several koshes of an early vegetable for your own consumption. But on an industrial scale in these regions, vegetables of the middle and late development period grow well.

Important! Mid-season vegetables have excellent taste characteristics, they are used fresh and for conservation. It can be stored for several months in cellars and vegetable stores.

Medium-ripening cabbage is divided into three categories:

• medium early;
• mid-season;
• medium late.

From the mid-early period, Zolotoy hectare 1432, Stakhanovka, Slava, Gribovskaya are widespread. These varieties, unsurpassed in yield, have a common disadvantage - different fork sizes.

1. Amazon F1 - use fresh, has an average keeping quality. A gray-green head of cabbage with a short stump weighs 1.4–1.6 kg and has an excellent taste. The high yield of 47–66 t / ha is much higher than the Kazachok standard.
2. Bronco F1 - technical ripeness occurs on day 115–125. Dark green rounded rocking chair weighing 2.6-2.8 kg has excellent taste. Good yield at the level of 52–78 t / ha is much higher than the Belorusskaya 455 and Transfer F1. The hybrid is resistant to diseases, high-yielding, has an amicable ripening of even-sized forks.

From mid-season varieties of Soviet selection:

• Glory 1305
• Belarusian 455;
• Losinoostrovskaya;
• Glory Gribovskaya 231.

They have no equal in terms of resistance to any weather changes, excellent taste and extraordinary high yield.

Modern hybrids are more focused on the indicators required for commercial use: uniform head sizes, small stump, disease resistance.

1. Krautman F1 - suitable for fermentation. It takes 120-140 days to reach technical maturity. A medium-sized green head of 1–4 kg, good taste and not prone to cracking. Productivity ranges from 31 to 92 tons / ha.
2. Semko Yubileiny 217 - except for fresh consumption and fermentation, can be stored for 5 months. A gray-green oval head of cabbage weighing about 4 kg has excellent taste. High yield of 76–88 t / ha, resistance to fungal diseases makes this cabbage very popular.
3. Hope - bred in 1975. The excellent taste of medium-sized, slightly flattened heads of cabbage weighing 2.4–3.4 kg and the highest yield up to 110–140 t / ha make it the bestseller.

Medium late cabbage has a high yield and versatile use.

Megaton F1 - light green rounded heads of cabbage weighing 3-4 kg and excellent taste, resistant to diseases and high-yielding - maximum yield 103 t / ha.

Late cabbage

Fresh cabbage is good in any dishes, as well as boiled and stewed. Fermented and soaked dishes are essential on tables in autumn and winter. The amount of nutrients in them is enormous. The best-tasting pickles will be from late vegetables.

Important! Late varieties are characterized by the most impressive fork sizes - up to 10 kg. Their taste improves during storage. They have a very dense structure, as they can be stored until the next harvest.

Habitual and very common varieties of Soviet selection such as Amager 611, Kharkovskaya winter, Moscow late, Old varieties are reliable, but have many disadvantages:

• susceptibility to disease;
• low productivity;
• mediocre taste.

There are new hybrids on the market that have significantly better performance.

The ripening time of the late vegetable is different:

• late (late ripening);
• late to very late;
• very late.

The first group includes:

• Amrak hybrids;
• Dominant;
• Counter;
• Lennox;
• Paradox;
• varieties Moscow late 15;
• Moscow late 9;
• Wintering;
• Amager 611;
• Creumont;
• Kharkov winter high-yielding, with high-density forks.

The F1 gingerbread man is the most demanded hybrid. More than 30 tons of its seeds are sold annually in the country, which is almost half of the total production. The advantages include excellent taste and high yield of 86–100 t / ha. It gives dense forks weighing 4.2 kg, suitable for cultivation in all regions of the country, stored until May next year.

Amager 611 - unsurpassed in characteristics, included in the State Register in 1943. The first domestic variety bred for industrial production. Its advantages include good keeping quality, resistance to cracking, transportability. The sturdy forks weigh 2.6–3.6 kg.

The vegetable was specially bred for winter storage. The taste is satisfactory when cleaning, but it improves significantly with long-term storage.

Disadvantages: low yield 35–60 t / ha, susceptibility to diseases during development and during storage.

There are only two hybrids from late to very late ripening: Kronos and Expect. They have heads of cabbage weighing up to 3 kg, good taste and stable yield on average up to 60 t / ha.

There are quite a few late varieties and hybrids, but often they are limited by certain climatic conditions and are adapted for growing in a specific region. The exception is the Valentine hybrid.

In our latitude, cabbage is a common and demanded vegetable. Every gardener and gardener grows it in his garden. The succulent leaves add freshness to summer dishes and are also suitable for fermentation. Fresh heads of cabbage can be stored for a long time in a cellar or basement - all winter until the next harvest. There are various varieties of white cabbage and cauliflower. Their number is small, since most often they do not differ in their taste. The main criteria for creating various varieties are the ripening time of the vegetable, as well as the optimal weather conditions for its growth. Cauliflower varieties are more difficult to grow than white cabbage, as they require more careful maintenance. But the rest of the process is quite simple and even a novice gardener who decides to grow a decent harvest of this vegetable can do it.

Various varieties of white cabbage

How did the idea of ​​breeding different types of cabbage come about? This necessity was deduced in a practical way. Not all parts of our vast country have the same climatic conditions.

On average, this vegetable needs about 200 days of warmth in order to go through the entire ripening cycle.

All types of cabbage for open field are divided into three groups. Each of the groups has its own advantages and disadvantages, and only the gardener can decide, based on his own preferences and climatic conditions, which species and from which group to grow in his own garden:

• Early maturing varieties. The number of such varieties of white cabbage is small. They are grown in the northern regions - where the number of warm days is sharply limited, or they are practiced by those gardeners who want to get a fresh juicy vegetable from their garden in a short time. But the ripening speed has its drawbacks: the head of early cabbage grows small, the leaves inside it do not adhere tightly to each other, and the head of cabbage seems "loose" to the touch. The harvest of early species is small, and if the head of cabbage is overripe, then it is easily prone to cracking. Early types of vegetables are not suitable for long-term storage, pickling or pickling. But on the other hand, the early varieties have high taste and are ideal for fresh consumption, as well as for preparing side dishes or borscht. In most cases, any early ripening variety of cabbage is a hybrid, artificially bred using sectioning. The best varieties of early maturing cabbage: "June", "Zarya", etc .;
• Mid-season varieties. Any variety of cabbage that belongs to this group can be called the best for growing. They are suitable for most climatic zones of our country, as they require a relatively small number of warm days to fully ripen. Growing seedlings, transplanting into open ground are processes that do not require special effort or knowledge. Often, the yield of medium varieties of white cabbage is much higher than that of early varieties. Cabbage heads are denser, do not crack, their weight can reach 15-20 kg.

  A mid-season cabbage variety is suitable for fresh consumption, pickling, pickling, long-term storage.

  The best varieties of mid-late cabbage: "Gift", "Slava - 1305" - the most popular, demanded and versatile variety of cabbage;
• Late varieties of cabbage for open ground. This category, according to most gardeners, includes the best varieties of cabbage. This category has the highest yields and tastes at 100%. Although any late variety of cabbage will ripen the maximum period, the vegetable heads of cabbage are the most dense, and their weight can exceed 20 kg. Late types of vegetables are suitable for any manipulations, and are also kept fresh much longer than mid-ripening ones. The best varieties of late cabbage, which is planted in open ground: "Moscow late", "Kolobok". The latter is a hybrid that gives the maximum yield outdoors with a ripening period of 150 days;
• Early ripening cabbage varieties for open ground can be grown in any climatic zone, as they require a minimum of heat and ripen in record time. But in addition to the timing, it is necessary to know exactly what conditions are necessary for a two-year-old white-headed cabbage, and choose the most suitable type, based on these needs. Late varieties of white cabbage are considered the most profitable in terms of yield. Any variety of cabbage in this group is natural, and not derived by selection. The heads of cabbage of a two-year-old vegetable are resistant to various weather conditions, cracking and the effects of nitrates. Mid-season varieties are the "golden mean" between the two previous ones. Which one to choose for open ground - the decision depends entirely on you.

Cauliflower varieties

Cauliflower is known for its unique taste and vitamin content. Useful properties make this vegetable popular and in demand. In addition, the heads of the colored vegetable can be of various colors, which also makes it somewhat unusual and interesting. Growing and planting seedlings in open ground requires compliance with some rules. But before you start growing seedlings, you need to choose the type of vegetable most suitable for your climatic conditions.

As with the white vegetable, cauliflower has three groups:

• Early. This group is characterized by fast ripening periods - from 85 to 100 warm days. Such a two-year-old ripens the very first and is excellent for various cooking options, but very little is kept fresh. This group contains a large number of hybrids that give high yields. Every year the number of early ripening varieties of colored vegetables increases;
• Mid-season. The process of full maturation of a mid-season cauliflower variety takes from 110 to 130 warm days. The heads of mid-season varieties are denser and can weigh up to 1.5 kg. Fresh colored vegetables of mid-season varieties are stored much longer than in the case of early varieties. The yield of mid-season varieties is quite high, which is why they enjoy such a high level of popularity;
• Late. Such varieties are grown exclusively in the southern regions of the country, since they require the largest possible number of warm days - 130 or more. These deadlines must be met without fail, otherwise the heads of cauliflower will not have time to ripen and will die or deteriorate under the influence of the first frosts. Late varieties of colored vegetables are distinguished by a high yield level and maximum weight.

Features of growing vegetables in the open field

Growing cabbage, regardless of the type, begins with planting seeds for germinating seedlings. This will require a separate container in which the seeds are planted. They begin to germinate already at a temperature of + 4oC, but germinate as quickly and efficiently as possible at a temperature of 18 to 200C. When the seedlings grow up and get stronger, they can be planted in the open ground. Determine the timing according to weather conditions. Warm weather should already be established, the maximum permissible frost, which the seedlings can easily survive -30C. The ideal temperature range for growing this vegetable from seedlings in an open area for both white cabbage and cauliflower varieties is in the range from 13 to 200C.

The peculiarities of cultivation include the fact that cabbage of any varieties and types is a photophilous vegetable, which needs a high level of humidity for full growth. Therefore, plant your seedlings in an open area, preferably on the south side, and remember to water them abundantly, especially during the dry summer months. Watering should be abundant, but should not lead to stagnant water. From this, the seedlings can rot, and the already formed heads of cabbage can crack. Growing the best kind of vegetable outdoors requires care and responsibility. Open ground has specific conditions that must be taken into account.

It is not always possible to sow cabbage for seedlings for various reasons. But do not despair, you can plant the seeds directly in the ground, in a permanent place. In this situation, there is an important rule that the seeds should be placed no deeper than 1.5–3 cm, so the holes are made small. As soon as the cabbage rises, it is thinned out so that 40 cm remains between the bushes. To grow cabbage outdoors, you need to take into account the climatic conditions.

Important: When planting cabbage in a non-seedling way, you can significantly reduce the growing season, since the seedlings do not need time to rehabilitate in a new place.

By climate

It is worth remembering that cabbage is sown directly into the ground very early, so that the first seedlings appear before the summer heat... The sun can have a detrimental effect on young, not yet matured plants, since during this period cabbage requires a lot of moisture and cool conditions. The approximate time for planting seeds in open ground is early April, do not be afraid of frosts, they will not harm the cabbage.

For the purpose of cultivation

This is also an important factor, since the sowing time will directly depend on what the cabbage is needed for:

• If for salads in the summer, then cabbage is sown, the growing season of which does not exceed 70-90 days. In this case, you can get two crops per summer, sowing in early spring and in the second half of July.
• For salads and sourdough, mid-season hybrids can be planted, the time of sowing in the ground will be at the end of April, beginning of May, and the harvest can be harvested for 120 days. Mid-season varieties give a good harvest, have good taste and are well stored, up to 3 months.
• medium late varieties are also planted. These hybrids have a long shelf life, and allow you to feast on fresh cabbage salads until the next harvest. But before planting late cabbage, you need to understand that its ripening period is 170-190 days.

Difference from domestic species

For a good harvest of cabbage when planting planting material in open ground, you need to choose frost-resistant hybrids, which will not be afraid of spring and autumn frosts. If it is decided to sow seeds in the ground in the middle lane, then you can use such a trick as a covering material. After the seeds are laid in the ground, the area is covered with a film or mulch - this will save the crops from frost.

Most Popular

There are several of the best cabbage varieties that are ideal for outdoor planting.

June

An early ripe variety that grows well in the open field, the growing season is 110 days... The heads of cabbage are round, with a good taste and medium density. The weight of one head reaches up to 2.5 kg, with a diameter of 20 cm. This variety perfectly tolerates frosts down to -5, so it can be planted in open ground, even in central Russia.

Watch a video about the features of June cabbage:

Dumas F1

Early ripe, lettuce variety, zoning period 110 days. The head of cabbage is small, round, weighing only one and a half kilograms. Tolerates a thickened fit well. It grows outdoors, tolerates frost, the crop can be harvested at the end of August.

Point

An early variety yielding 123 days after planting. Cabbage is only suitable for making salads, as the heads of cabbage are loose weighing up to 1.7 kg.

Hope

A variety with an average ripening of 135 days, you can start harvesting. Heads of cabbage can grow up to 4.5 kg each. It should be noted that this variety feels very good when planted in open ground, as it is adapted to different climatic conditions. It is not afraid of frost, tolerates a lack of moisture well and practically does not get sick.

Glory-1305

- the most popular and often planted outdoors variety in our country. The growing season is 130 days, heads of cabbage are round, dense, weighing up to 5 kg, have excellent keeping quality. Long shelf life variety, versatile, with excellent taste.

SB-3 F1

Mid-season hybrid, ripens in 135 days. The weight of a dense, round head of cabbage can reach 5 kg. In addition to the fact that the hybrid tolerates frost, it is high-yielding, undemanding to care and disease resistant. You can store fresh heads of cabbage until the end of January.

Gingerbread man F1

This is a late hybrid that will mature in 150 days. One head of cabbage reaches 5 kg in weight, while it has an excellent taste and increased density. The variety grows well when planted directly in the ground, but it is worth considering the weather conditions so that it can mature well. You can store the crop until the end of May, provided that it is harvested at the end of October..

Watch the video about the features:

Moscow late

Large-fruited, late-ripening variety with a head weight of up to 15 kg and a growing season of 160 days. Due to its frost resistance, it grows well in open ground, only young seedlings need to be covered with a film to protect them from severe frosts. The variety is perfectly stored until the next harvest, while it has a great taste when fermented.

Attention: To say that one variety is better than another is wrong, since everything depends on the region of planting. Some late-ripening varieties may not mature in the Siberian climate.

Conclusion

White cabbage has excellent taste, and therefore fell in love with the inhabitants of our country. With proper care and planting timing, it can be grown by sowing directly into the ground, and an excellent harvest can be obtained that will last all winter.

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There are many varieties of cabbage, I will try to describe the best varieties of cabbage with photos and descriptions to help you with a difficult choice. Today in the article you will see:

Early varieties of cabbage; Cabbage for pickling and pickling

Cabbage for storage - the best decaying varieties of cabbage; Late cabbage - the best varieties

White cabbage varieties with photos and descriptions - the most productive varieties

Early varieties of cabbage

I really love cabbage salads, early varieties are best for this. They quickly form heads of cabbage, tender and juicy. An early variety of cabbage is always present in my garden, a little - 10-15 roots. In a summer borschik, a salad with apples leaves before the mid-season varieties ripen.

Although early cabbage usually has medium-sized heads of cabbage, it pays off with its rapid growth. Also, early varieties put up with cramped and poor soils, unlike their later counterparts.

Rinda F1

Heads of cabbage are formed 76 days after full germination. This variety is not only suitable for fresh consumption, but can also be stored for up to four months in a cool place. Excellent head of cabbage, not loose, but not too tight - good pleasant taste, no bitterness.

It grows well in different conditions - the yield depends on the place. The main thing is not to compact the crops too much. Can be re-grown by summer sowing.

Rinda cabbage

Cossack F1

A very early hybrid - ambassadors of planting seedlings, heads of cabbage ripen in 40 days. And if you sow seeds, then the harvest is ready after 60-70 days. The cabbage is beautiful - light green in color, inside the head of cabbage is yellow-cream. Heads of cabbage are small in size, medium density - weighing about 1.5 kg, without bitterness. Grows well under temporary shelter and in beds. Not damaged by flea beetles and rot.

This hybrid ripens 90-115 days after germination. Heads of cabbage of medium density, small - up to 1300g in weight. Stable, productive variety - ripening amicably, heads of cabbage do not crack, they have an excellent presentation. Calmly tolerates cold, does not get sick. It gives high yields on fertile soils.

June

A popular, common early variety of cabbage. The crop can be harvested 2 months after transplanting. Heads of cabbage are light green, dense, can be planted often. In spring, it can easily withstand short-term frosts.

If you do not leave on horseback for a long time, then the heads of cabbage do not crack, do not bloom. Head of cabbage weight up to 2.5 kg. Good, delicate taste.

Dumas F1

Ripe heads of cabbage can be harvested 90 days after the first shoots appear. Heads of cabbage are dense, rounded, green outside - straw-colored inside with delicate tasty leaves. Weight is usually up to 1.4 kg. Does not burst and retains well during outgrowth. Pleases with stable, high yields, feels fine in thickened plantings.

Tobia F1

Large hybrid with heads of cabbage up to 6 kg. Rich green upper leaves and light yellow inside, small stump. When overgrown, it does not crack and does not lose taste. Very high taste of the head of cabbage. Can be stored for a short time, resistant to diseases.

Cabbage for pickling and pickling varieties - how to choose the best variety

Usually, mid-season and mid-late varieties are taken for salting. Mid-season varieties are also suitable for summer cooking.

Favorite and time-tested cabbage Slava.

It was also raised by my grandmother. Now there are a lot of new varieties and hybrids, but Slava keeps the brand and is still often found in the country and in the garden.

Mid-season and mid-late varieties of cabbage

Glory 1305

A well-known popular variety that ripens 115-120 days after germination. Good fresh and for pickling. Sauerkraut turns out to be of excellent taste. Round-flattened head of cabbage weighing up to 5 kg. With light green top leaves and white inside.

Grows well in cool, wet summers. It is well stored in winter and transported. Medium disease resistance.

Atria F1

A mature variety, ripening on day 137-147 after full germination. Leaves are dark green with a strong waxy bloom. The stump is small inside, the heads of cabbage are dense, weighing up to 3.5 kg. High yielding variety, excellent taste, crack and disease resistant.

Dobrovodskaya

The mid-late variety is ideal for fermentation. Medium-dense, rounded heads of cabbage weighing up to nine kilograms. The leaves are juicy, sweet, white-cream color. The variety is resistant to many diseases of cabbage and flea beetles. Stored up to five months after harvest.

Present

Medium late variety, ripening 120-135 days after sowing. Perfect for pickling - the cabbage turns out to be juicy, tasty, spicy. Heads of cabbage are flattened about 4 kg in weight, the upper leaves are green with a waxy coating. The inner ones are white or light green.

Heads of cabbage do not crack when overgrown, they are resistant to rot and disease. It lies well in winter and tolerates transportation.

Midor F1

A mid-late ripening hybrid, the period before harvest is 140-160 days. Leaves are bright green with slight wrinkling with a noticeable waxy coating. The head is medium, round, dense with white leaves inside. The stump is small inside. Good taste. It is good in vegetable salads and preparations for the winter.

Krautman F1

Mid-season hybrid with very dense crispy leaves, very small stump. Weight up to 4.5 kg. With a long standing on the vine, even with a rainy summer, the heads of cabbage do not crack or rot. Stored after harvesting up to 4 months with preservation of excellent taste. Perfect for pickling - the taste is pleasant. Not affected by diseases. The variety is keel resistant.

Megaton F1

The most productive hybrid of the Dutch selection. From the emergence of the first shoots to harvest, 105 days pass. Heads of cabbage are round, up to 15 kg in weight, good taste. Cabbage is leveled in size and does not crack when excessive moisture is present. Suitable for fresh consumption and for processing. Great for fermentation.

Heads of cabbage are dense, convenient for transportation and sale, resistant to root rot and diseases. The variety is keel resistant.

Merchant's wife

Medium late grade. Green on the outside in the cut is white. Heads of cabbage weight up to 2.8 kg. Good, great taste. Good in salting and fermentation. Resistant to diseases, can be stored for several months.

Cabbage for storage - the best decaying varieties

Late ripening varieties are selected for storage. They develop for a long time, they have dense heads of cabbage, and are often stored until the next harvest. Late varieties are not afraid of spring and autumn frosts. Suitable for storage and salting, but cabbage turns out to be rougher, not as juicy and tasty as from earlier ripening varieties.

The best varieties of late cabbage

Aggressor F1

This is one of the best late variety hybrids. In all regions, it shows a high yield, it can be stored for up to six months. The head of cabbage is round-flat, very dense, weighing up to 4.5 cm. It does not require careful maintenance; it grows well by itself. Yields in unfavorable conditions, resistant to cracking.

The Aggressor variety is tasty fresh and suitable for pickling and fermentation. Resistant to cruciferous flea beetle damage and fusarium disease.

Mara

Late Belarusian variety. The period from germination to harvest is 155-167 days. Round heads of cabbage of dark green color with a strong waxy coating. Weighing up to 4 kg. Resistant to cracking. Very dense heads of cabbage, well kept. It tastes good when fresh, but excellent in sauerkraut. Stored in the cellar until April. The variety is resistant to root rot.

Amager 611

A well-known late variety, it takes 150-160 days before harvesting. The leaves are gray-green in color with a bright waxy bloom. Flat dense heads of cabbage greenish-white inside weighing up to five kg. A productive variety, ripens amicably. Heads of cabbage do not crack, they are resistant to decay.

It tolerates transportation well and can be stored for a long time up to six months. Well tolerates spring cold, but does not like drought.

Snow White

Late variety (145-160 days). The head of cabbage is dense, flat-round, weighing up to 4 kg with good care. Inside, the leaves are juicy white with good taste without bitterness. This variety can be used to prepare baby food. The harvested crop is stored for up to 7 months and does not rot. Delicious when fermented. Resistant to diseases and pests, it tolerates transportation well.

Valentine F1

Late ripening, suitable for long-term storage and fresh preparation. The head of cabbage is medium up to 3.8 kg, very dense, outside the leaves are green with a bloom, white on the cut. The stump is small. Excellent taste, fruitful hybrid.

Gingerbread man F1

Late hybrid ripening 150 days after sowing. Differs in high taste, leaves are juicy, white without bitterness. Heads of cabbage weighing up to 5 kg. round, dense, suitable for salting, fermentation, fresh consumption. The stump is short. Cabbage Kolobok is well stored practically until April. The hybrid is resistant to many diseases, so you can get large yields with it without the use of chemicals.

Many cabbage varieties were left without attention, but the most popular and productive cabbage varieties with photos and descriptions are shown in this article.

Best regards, Sophia Guseva.