AutoCAD Drawing of stairs and interfloor platform. Drawing of a metal staircase Metal staircase drawings km

Stairs - bearing structures buildings serving for vertical communication between floors. When designing stairs from prefabricated reinforced concrete steps along steel stringers, it is important to pay attention to Special attention connection between the individual parts of the stairs.

If the supporting structures of the flight of stairs and the interfloor platform are channels, then they can be connected using a mounting element from a hot-rolled corner, to which the supporting structures are attached by welding.

With the help of standard parts from the SPDS GraphhiCS database, you can quickly draw the junction of the stairs to the interfloor platform (If you have not installed this program yet, you can do this using). The drawing created in this way in AutoCAD will be dynamic, that is, it will be easy to make changes.

See the video for more on this.

In this article, we will get acquainted with the interface of the LIRA program, and also perform the calculation of a beam on two supports with a uniformly distributed load. Commands of the lira program discussed in the lesson: Selecting a feature of the scheme Creating a new file Arranging nodes Creating rods Setting restraints Assigning stiffnesses Applying loads Static analysis Reading calculation results Saving the calculation file. See the video tutorial for more details. […]

Specialized design programs significantly save time when developing drawings, calculating the main dimensions of structures, and compiling accompanying documentation for products. In addition, using the programs, there is no doubt that all design stages will be carried out in compliance with the existing SNiP and GOSTs. The article will help you understand how to build a staircase in AutoCAD.

Modeling

The program allows you to design structures for any purpose, even for a beginner who does not have special experience in owning a system that includes:

• Metal buildings for industrial and household purpose;
• Firefighters;
• Instructions for assembly and installation of any other design options.

The program has its own data library, which includes regulations to select a design, its parameters or SNiPs, and the rules for building a model. A series of regulations includes the basics of building metal structures, GOSTs for the materials used, fire safety requirements and elementary urban planning rules.

The documentation or series regulates the basics of building a structure, fencing for them, provides rules for the competent installation of products and operation, there is a list of additional elements.

Structure design procedure

Drawings performed in AutoCad program must comply with certain rules:

• First of all, center lines are drawn, passing through the center;
• The location of the march is tied to the walls of the building;
• On the main view, the floor levels of the first and second floors are marked;
• On the cuts, all bends and bevels should be visible;
• On the wiring diagram, behind the contour of the main projection of the product, the dimensions of the room are applied in thin lines, the placement of openings for windows and doors in it.

To develop a drawing "for yourself" - these are the basic provisions for working with the program.

Type selection

Initially, you should choose the type of its design and material of manufacture.

Types in AutoCad

Types shown in the photo:

• a - straight single-march;
• b - straight two-march with an intermediate platform between marches;
• c - L-shaped two-march with a corner platform between the marches;
• g - U-shaped two-march with an intermediate platform in the corner of the room;
• e - three-march with platforms in between marches;
• e - single-march curvilinear, located near the wall;
• g - single-march curvilinear, placed in a rectangular volume;
• h - screw;
• and - single-march with a turn of 90 ° and winder steps;
• k - single-march with a turn of 90 °, with lower and upper winder steps;
• l - single-march with a turn of 180 °, with winder steps in the middle of the structure.

The choice of type is influenced by:

• The area allocated for its installation;
• Ceiling height;
• Architectural style.

The choice of material depends on the solidity of the house and the degree of its fire resistance. The most comfortable design, which provides the safest ascent - gentle with one march, with 15 steps.

Composition of a march in AutoCad

How to draw in autocad

At virtual creation structures used ready blocks, which are offered by the program - they can be edited by setting the required parameters. The composition includes several basic elements.

These include:

• Prefabricated steps;
• Area;
• Fencing;
• Railing.

Blocks for autocad

In the AutoCad program, drawings are created by compiling and selecting parameters for each specific element. The versatility of such computer software allows you to perform and calculate in advance absolutely any design with or without a platform.

Elements of marches with platforms

The entire drawing is developed in section, which allows you to carefully view all the selected elements. Each of them in the drawing has the appearance of not only the structure itself, but also all the main dimensions.

A set of ready-made documentation, which was developed in the AutoCad program, includes a longitudinal and cross section objects, specification with the necessary fasteners. Everything is done in compliance with the relevant GOSTs.

Steps and marches

Marches and nodes in AutoCad are performed in accordance with GOST 9818-85.

Steps for them can be:

• Flat without friezes - LM;
• Ribbed with friezes - LMF;
• Ribbed, which include two half-platforms - LMP.

At the same time, flat ones are installed on a slab, and ribbed types - on a stringer. At the same time, LMP marches have a large-sized structure, united together by a slab.

For each type of structures, a site is selected, which is laid down in the program.

Tip: You should pay attention to the turn - it can be right and left.

Wiring diagram

Design with given parameters

For example, consider the most difficult option- creation of a structure in the AutoCad program. In this case, the steps from bottom to top are placed around a common rack.

The user sets the radius on the screen, in the absence of restrictions on the trajectory of the model. Otherwise, the radius must be determined taking into account the given tread length and its shape parameters. To get the desired radius, you should adjust the length of the tread.

Initial design stage

To create a model of a given tread width along the midline (T), you must:

• Form a structure twice the width of the given distance (A);
• Using the Adapt Edge function, the outer edge is moved to a position that matches overall width B;
• The offset value is B - 2A.

Design

Tip: Before selecting tools, to display the properties palette, you need to click in sequence: the Home tab, then the Create panel, then the Tools drop-down list and Properties.

Thereafter:

• Open the palette of tools required for work, and select the desired tool;
• On the properties palette, go to the "Design" tab and expand the "General" and "Basic" nodes;
• The design style is selected;
• For the "Shape" parameter, the value "Screw" is selected;
• Sets the horizontal orientation;
• Sets the vertical orientation type for the model;
• Expands the Dimensions node.
• Specifies the width, height, and anchor;
• The method of completing the structure is determined;
• The radius is set;
• Selects the type of dependency used to create;
• Click the icon next to "Calculation rules" and, if necessary, set:

1. The total length of the structure.
2. The total number of risers.
3. The height of all risers.
4. The width of each tread of the march.

• Expands the Advanced Options palette;
• “Parameters for floors” are set;
• Installed minimum height or the number of steps in the march, or "*NO*" is set;
• The maximum height or the number of steps in the march is set, or the value "*NO*" is selected;
• Specifies the center point;
• The location is set;
• Development continues;
• Enter is pressed.

The video shows the construction of any design in more detail.

Modern technologies can significantly save time on the development of drawings, wiring diagrams for metal structures, on the necessary calculations. The program allows you to get acquainted in 3D projection with all angles ladder construction, to see its location in the space of the room. By designing a section according to the model, one can get an idea about its design, about internal arrangement the entire building.

The use of specialized computer program allows you to significantly simplify and speed up the construction in AutoCAD. However, if possible, better process entrust the development of drawings to a professional. The price of even a small mistake is too high, because the staircase is one of the most important components of the building.

SERIES 1.450.3-7.94 Issues 0, 1, 2 in .dwg format

STEEL STAIRS, LANDINGS, Ladders AND FENCES FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Release 0.

MATERIALS FOR DESIGN

Issue 1.

STRUCTURES FROM COLD-FORMED PROFILES. DRAWINGS KM

Release 2.

STRUCTURES FROM HOT ROLLED PROFILES. DRAWINGS KM

This digitized series perfectly matches the original

AutoCad Opener

The developed series 1.450.3-7.94 "Stairs, platforms, step-ladders and steel railings for industrial buildings industrial enterprises consists of the following releases:
issue 0. Materials for design
issue 1. Structures from cold-formed profiles. KM drawings
issue 2. Structures from hot-rolled profiles. KM drawings
This release 0 contains a description of the device steel stairs, platforms, ladders and fences to them, the necessary information for their correct installation and operation, as well as layout diagrams and the range of stairs, platforms, ladders, fences and additional elements.
1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE
1.1. Steel stairs, platforms, ladders and railings are designed for operation inside and outside heated and unheated buildings of industrial enterprises and engineering structures constructed and operated in areas with snow and wind load
I... according to SNiP 2.01.07-85, non-seismic and with design seismicity up to 9 points; with an estimated outdoor air temperature of minus 65°C and above; with explosion-proof categories of production; with non-aggressive and weak degree of aggressive environmental impact under normal temperature and humidity conditions according to SNiP II-3-79.
1.2. Ladders, platforms, step-ladders and fences can be used as in-shop, incl. for servicing technological equipment, for arranging landing sites for overhead electric cranes, as outdoor evacuation and firefighters, with minor improvements for service steel tanks height up to 18 m, for servicing vertical and horizontal heated and unheated apparatuses and vessels with a diameter of up to 20 m, and as bridges for servicing electric lamps.
2. TECHNICAL DATA
2.1. The main parameters of flights of stairs and landings, as well as the maximum permissible loads they are accepted with an overload factor of 1.2 in accordance with the requirements
SNiP II-23-81 and SNiP 2.01.07-85 and are given in Table. 1.2 of this explanatory note.
2.2. layout diagrams structures and docking nodes are shown on sheets 1-13 of this document - KS.
2.3. The width of flights of stairs and platforms in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.01.02-85 and SNiP 2.09.02-85 are two sizes 700 mm and 900 mm. The angle of inclination of flights of stairs is 45° and 60°.
2.4. It is possible to lift flights of stairs both on metal and reinforced concrete platforms and ceilings.
There are three options for fastening structures by tiers:
I - support of flights of stairs and platforms on the supporting structures of the building;
II - a flat vertical truss created by flights of stairs and landings, pinched at the base and free at the top, is connected by belt-columns and additionally unfastened by ties with a step of no more than 9 m with the walls of the building. The option can be used for arranging fire and evacuation stairs.
III - a flat vertical truss created by flights of stairs and landings, pinched at the base and along the upper tier, connected by a belt-column. The option is recommended for arranging landing sites for overhead electric cranes.
For options II and III, the height of the flights of stairs is taken to be 3.6 m. The height of the platform marks can be adjusted by changing
lifting height of the first march (modulus of increase 0.6 m) and due to a change in height relative to zero mark±0.3 m.
2.5. When operating stairs, platforms, ladders and fences in areas with a seismic activity of 7 ... 9 points, it is necessary to provide for: floor-by-floor cutting that does not affect the rigidity of the building frame, the use of anti-seismic seams, the gap between structures and walls and the building frame is at least 20 mm.
2.6. The parameters of vertical fire escapes and ladders comply with the requirements of SNiP 2.01.02-85 and are accepted with a width of 700 mm. In the lower tier, the structures rest on the foundation and are connected in height at a distance of no more than 9 m additional elements with the walls of the building.
2.7. The option of installation and selection of a set of structures is determined by the designer, taking into account the following - ceteris paribus:
for light buildings metal structures it is recommended to use stairs, platforms, ladders and railings made of cold-formed profiles as they are lighter and create less load on the building frame and foundation;
structures from hot-rolled profiles can be manufactured in construction conditions, structures from cold-formed profiles are usually manufactured at specialized enterprises.
3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1. The material of structures operated in areas with an estimated outdoor air temperature: up to minus 40 ° C should be of group C235 in accordance with GOST 27771-88, up to minus 65 ° C of group C255 in accordance with GOST 27771-88.
Z.2. The structures must have an anti-corrosion coating in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9.402-80, GOST 9.401-91 and SNiP 2.03.11-85.
3.3. Substitutions of materials are allowed in the structures:
to cover the steps of stairs and platforms, it is possible to use hot-rolled corrugated steel in accordance with GOST 8568-77 and grating type "Bataysk" in accordance with TU 36-2044-77.
for load-bearing elements structures, it is possible to replace them with rolled products or profiles with similar or higher strength characteristics.
The layout of structures from cold-formed and hot-rolled profiles is possible.
3.4. Packaging of structures should ensure the safety of the protective decorative coating. Transport packages should weigh no more than 3.5 tons. Structures should be stored on linings in stacks no more than 2 m high. Additional elements are stored in boxes. Storage conditions 7 according to GOST 15150-69.
3.5. During installation and loading and unloading operations, the structures are slinged "in the girth" using protective pads to preserve the decorative coating.
4. INSTALLATION
4.1. When developing installation drawings for a design organization, it is necessary to be guided by exemplary wiring diagrams, nodes and nomenclature of this issue.
4.2. The calculation of foundations for a selected set of structures according to the options for fastening is carried out by a design organization that applies structures at a specific construction site.
Structures fastened according to option II (external mid-flight evacuation and fire stairs) are designed for maximum loads on stairs with a height of 22.2 m, taking into account that:
wind load transmitted to the foundation through flights of stairs;
vertical constant useful and snow load transmitted through the backbone.
Structures fastened according to option III (ladders for landing sites of overhead electric cranes) are designed for live loads
3.0 kN/m² (300 kgf/m²) with a ladder height of 15 m.
The fencing of stairs and platforms is designed for short-term loads provided for by SNiP 2.01.07-85 and GOST 12.4.059-89.
Vertical fire escapes are designed according to the maximum loads on ladders with a height of 20.1 m (wind load and own weight).
4.3. The connection of the elements of stairs, platforms, step-ladders and fences is made on bolted connections and obligatory welding of articulated links.
It is not allowed to form a reverse slope of steps more than 1 °
when installing stairs.
The railings are assembled on site (including left and right versions). Docking of handrails, strings and borders with each other is carried out by welding with fitting the joint in place.
Fastening of ladder railings to the frame of ladders and docking of racks is carried out on bolts.
4.4. Mounting features are indicated in the nodes.
4.5. Installation of a set of structures must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III-18-75 and taking into account the safety requirements of SNiP III-4-80
5. SYMBOLS OF PRODUCTS
5.1. A set of structures, depending on the rolled metal profiles from which it is made, has the following indices in its marking:
X - cold-formed profile;
G - hot-rolled profile.
5.2. Depending on the operating conditions, the steps of the stairs and the flooring of the platforms are made of:
Ф - steel sheet with rhombic corrugation;
B - steel sheet expanded metal;
R - bands on the edge and round steel (VISP type).
Examples of brand decoding are given in the corresponding nomenclature for stairs, platforms, ladders, fences, additional elements.

When designing the stairs, materials of Series 1.050.9-4.93 were used. The width of the flights of stairs is 1.2m. Steps are taken according to STB 1169-99 L=1500mm.

.dwg format

Design description

Stringers are accepted according to Series 1.050.9-4.93, issue 3, wall and frontal beams - according to Series 1.050.9-4.93, issue 3

Elements interface nodes - according to Series 1.050.9-4.93 issue 0-1.

In the order for steps, it should be stipulated that in all main steps LS-12 and LS-15 there must be embedded parts M 1 for attaching racks stair railing taking into account the option of stairs with a rise in a clockwise direction. Landings are designed according to Series 1.050.9-4.93, issue 0-0. BNB 5.03.01-02

Stringers fasten to platform beams with M16 bolts. After checking the correct position of the mounted structures, the nuts of the bolts must be fixed by welding them to the bolt shaft, or by driving the threads.

Welding should be carried out with E-42 electrodes hw = 6mm according to GOST-5264-80.

Cover stringers and beams with steel woven mesh 1-R-12-1.6 GOST 8536-80 and plaster cement-sand mortar M50 25 mm thick.

Beams are based on r / d installed on a monolithic belt

In order to carry out a competent, correct calculation of the stairs, it is possible to use special program AutoCad which will greatly help and save time.

Design of a metal staircase with a platform - dwg drawing

The use of specialized design programs, significantly saves time in the process of preparing drawing documentation, as well as in calculations. In addition, using programs, you can be sure that the design is made in accordance with existing building codes and GOST standards.

Thanks to AutoCad design metal stairs any purpose can be performed even by a beginner, without special knowledge of the program. AutoCad systems and equipment includes ready-made components for the design of metal staircase structures, industrial and domestic purposes, fire escapes, and also contains information on installation and installation.

Based on the given parameters of the building, using AutoCad, you can draw a metal structure of any configuration, and, importantly, in accordance with fire safety standards.

Components of the staircase

The staircase structure will be “built” from ready-made blocks offered by the program, which can be edited by setting the necessary parameters.

A metal staircase consists of several main elements:

• Type-setting steps;
• Area;
• railing;
• Fencing.

Elements, nodes

In the program, the drawing will be created by compiling and selecting the parameters of each specific element. Due to the versatility of such computer software, it is possible to perform and pre-calculate absolutely any metal staircase with or without a platform.

The entire drawing will be presented in section so that you can view the selected element more closely. Each selected and approved element in the drawing is presented not only structurally, but also all the main dimensions, flights of stairs or flights are taken out.

The set of ready-made documentation made in the AutoCad system will include not only a longitudinal section of the constructed objects, but also a transverse one, as well as a specification with the necessary fasteners, and the corresponding GOSTs.

Stacked steps, flights of stairs

flights of stairs in the program are performed in accordance with GOST 9818-85 and can be of the following types:

Flat and ribbed types have one significant difference, some are installed on a slab, while others are on a stringer. LMP flights of stairs are larger structures that are joined together by a slab.

For each type of stair structures, according to the articles laid down in the program, a landing, for example, marching type or ribbed.

It is necessary to pay special attention to the rotation of the ladder structure - it can be made in two versions: right and left.

Series

The AutoCad program has its own data library, which includes normative documents and construction rules. Such documentation, on the basis of which the construction of drawings is carried out, is called a series. The series of regulations includes not only the basics of building a specific metal structure, but also GOST for the material used, fire safety and rules of elementary town planning.

For example, for the construction of metal stairs with a platform, it is worth taking Series 1.450.3-7.94 Metal stairs, platforms, fences as a basis. Release 2.

There are releases 0-2, which characterize the material used, so issue No. 2 - implies the design of structures from hot-rolled profiles.

Documentation - series, regulate the basics of construction and installation of steel stairs, railings for them, and necessary knowledge for their competent installation and operation, as well as a set of additional elements.

Railings, fences

Railings and railings are used in the construction of stairs, which are installed with floor heights from 3 to 4.5 meters, erected under the condition of standard construction.

Also, stair railings are applicable for the reconstruction of residential buildings with a floor height of 2.8 meters.

Specialized fencing marches are designed taking into account standard sizes buildings of series 1.251.1-4, issue 1 and series 1.252.1-4, issue 1 and stairs from individual steps according to GOST 8717.0-84 and GOST 8717.1-84.

Also products this issue provide for fencing of stair structures at the entrances to the basement.

Fire ladder device

The fire escape, unlike standard metal structures, is carried out in accordance with certain norms and standards, based on where it will be located:

Outdoor stairs are often lightweight, small-sized structures, the steps and railings of which are made of special reinforcing steel. This is done in order to eliminate possible troubles with accumulated snow in winter time, as well as to facilitate the design. AT without fail fire escapes installed on the streets must be treated with a special anti-corrosion compound. This is due to the need to extend the service life of the metal structure.

Metal fire escapes installed inside the house are mainly designed to evacuate the population, so the handrails and steps must be as safe and fireproof as possible. For this purpose, a special refractory coating, paint, is used.

Drawing Requirements

A drawing made in AutoCad must meet certain standards:

The beginning of the construction must begin with the axial and bearing lines that run in the middle of the stairs.

The section of the stair structure must be made in such a way that all bevels and bends are visible.

The ladder structure must be tied to the walls.

It is necessary to mark (with dimensions) the level line of the floor, ceiling, second floor, attic floor.

Outside the contour of the main drawing, a dotted marking of window and door openings is taken out.

If the drawing is done "for yourself", for self-manufacturing stairs, in the future, such simple basics enough to run the program.

To start building a ladder structure, you need to set the initial parameters:

To the benefits modern technologies can be attributed to significant time savings on the implementation of drawings, diagrams, plans, as well as on the necessary calculations. In addition, the program allows you to see 3D projections, consider all the corners of the staircase, its location relative to the space of the room.

This program can be used not only by professionals, but also by beginners. Having started, the implementation of the stairs on your own is worth resorting to the help of computer technology.

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