Minimum depth submersible drainage pump. Drainage submersible pumps. Strengths of the drainage pump

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Drainage pumps are an indispensable device on a country plot. With the help of such a device, water is pumped out of utility rooms and basements, drains are pumped out, and polluted pools and reservoirs are drained. The possibility of pumping mechanical impurities with water further expands the scope of the drainage pump.

A high variety of models and design solutions allows you to choose an electric pump exactly according to the parameters of the intended work. At the same time, a reliable design and durable materials ensure the performance and durability of the device.

Types of drainage pumps

In constructive terms and in terms of the method of application, several types of drainage pumps for pumping water are distinguished. The main distribution is carried out according to the method of placement relative to the source of the liquid. There are two options here:

• drainage surface pump;
• drainage submersible pump.

surface models

A surface pump, as the name implies, is installed near a reservoir that is planned to be drained. The suction of the liquid occurs due to the flexible hose, which is lowered into the tank. As a rule, such a device is designed for pumping liquids with a small content of silt or abrasive.

The body of surface models is made mainly of plastic composition. The motor part is made of stainless steel. Household drainage pumps of this type, unlike submersible ones, are equipped with a motor that is sensitive to external moisture. In addition, the isolation of such a unit is not enough to protect the device. Therefore, it is installed in dry places.

The liquid is drained from the device using a drain hose. If necessary, the switch for drainage surface pumps is equipped with special automation that reacts to the level of liquid in the source. If the water rises beyond this indicator, the power is immediately turned off.

Surface devices are also used for irrigation from open sources. For this, models with a receiver are sold (or standard options are equipped with it), and the outlet pipe is supplemented with a diffuser. The receiver in this case is responsible for a smooth supply of water.

The main advantage of this type of device is high mobility and easy dismantling. If necessary, the device can be easily moved to a new place of operation.

Submersible options

Household drainage pumps are used after preliminary immersion in the liquid column. Such a water pump differs from surface models in a higher level of insulation of the engine compartment and a vertical orientation during operation.

Submersible drainage pumps take water from the reservoir through holes in the lower surface of the housing. A mesh filter installed above the holes is responsible for protecting against the ingress of large stones and long-fiber fractions. A pump with a cutting mechanism acts as a separate segment, in which a chopper is located over the holes, consisting of two metal plates.

To ensure autonomous operation of the device, a plastic float is often installed on it, connected to the switch. Such equipment allows you to reduce the minimum water level at which the device operates, up to 5-10 mm. The pump then switches off automatically. Restart occurs when the liquid level rises to the specified level.

Such water pumps are used not only for draining domestic water bodies and reservoirs, but also for work at a construction site, in the oil, chemical, and technical industries.

The design and principle of operation of drainage devices

Both the submersible and clean water surface drainage pumps are of the same design. The principle of operation of the drainage pump is centrifugal. Therefore, the basis of this design is a centrifugal disk with curved blades. Some models are equipped with a multi-stage impeller, which includes several successive discs at once.

The impeller rotates due to the transfer of rotation from the electric motor to the wheel drive. The shaft is responsible for the transmission of rotation. The place where the shaft passes between the motor and pump compartments is sealed with a graphite or ceramic gasket. This is necessary to prevent water from entering the electrical part.

After immersion in water, when the device is turned on, the blades begin to accelerate the water flows in a circle, giving them acceleration and shifting to the inner walls of the chamber. When sufficient speed is gained, the blades push the water out the outlet pipe. The distance from the edge of the blades to the walls of the housing allows the passage of large particles up to 5 mm.

The design and quality of the material from which standard water drainage pumps are made allow pumping runoff with a maximum temperature of 50 degrees.

Specialized models are designed to work with higher temperatures.

How to choose the right drainage device?

The choice of a drainage pump is based on a number of parameters, the calculation of which will allow you to choose the most effective model. These options include:

1. The degree of pollution of the reservoir. So, for example, for draining a basement from sewage, which contains a low level of impurities, the Belamos DWP 250 device is suitable, designed to work with fractions up to 15 mm. If it is planned to use the device on a construction site, the Patriot f 900 drainage pump deserves attention, with a throughput of up to 35 mm. For especially contaminated liquids or for topas, it is better to use those equipped with a cutting element.
2. Power and calculation of the required pressure. This characteristic comes from the depth of the source. At the same time, it should be remembered that each meter of liquid lifting up corresponds to 10 meters of horizontal transportation. It is this ratio that allows you to achieve maximum pressure. So for a well, the best option would be to use a drainage pump DN 550N. For pumping water from a shallow basement, it will be more economical and rational to use the Metabo tp 6600 device.
3. Selection of the required type of device, based on the intended location. In this regard, attention should also be paid to the reservoir. If you plan to drain a pond or pool, the submersible version of the Patriot devices (Patriot f 400, Patriot f 900) is suitable. If you have to work with a well, then it is better to take a surface option. Such a pump will stand in a caisson at the head of the well. Acceptable options are Gardena devices (3500/4 Classic, 4000/5 Comfort).

Separate models of drainage devices are designed to pump out condensate from a split air conditioning system. The sale of such devices is carried out by specialized stores. A popular model in terms of performance and economy is the Orange mini.

Among the popular models, the drainage pump Dnipro M of Ukrainian production also stands out. In terms of the characteristics of the Dnipro drainage pump, high head parameters are distinguished - 16 m, and productivity - up to 8000 l / h.

For summer cottages, the sub 257 p device from the Unipamp company is in demand. This model supplies liquid to 6 m, and the performance is 4.8 cubic meters. m/hour. Despite the high performance, the device is very economical in price.

The nuances of choosing drainage pumps (video)

Features of the installation of drainage devices

Installation of the device for drainage consists of a few simple points that will allow you to get the maximum result from the purchased device. This includes:

How to install a drainage pump on the surface? In this case, a special recess or caisson is equipped near the entrance to the well or other reservoir. The height of such a pit is at least 1.5 m. The bottom is carefully leveled, for more comfortable working conditions, it can be poured with concrete. If necessary, such a structure can later be used for water supply stations and water pumps. In the case of stationary placement, it is better to block the top of the pit to prevent precipitation from entering.

When the pumping device is located in the basement, it is desirable to place it in close proximity to the walls of the room. The minimum distance from the outer surface of the walls to the tapping point must be at least 3 m. Installing the device near the wall will allow water to be supplied to such a distance.

Drainage pumps are used when you need to quickly pump out a large amount of dirty liquid. Doing it manually is a bad decision, because it will take you too long to work. And the result won't impress either. It is better to choose a good drainer that will cope with the same tasks, but much faster.

This article will discuss the types of drainage pumps, their differences and features, as well as provide recommendations on how to choose a drainage pump for domestic use.

1 Types and their differences

Depending on the design features, all drainage pumps are divided into two categories: submersible and surface.

The submersible drain works only when completely submerged in water, as it requires constant external cooling of the power unit. Such devices have a lower water intake system, which makes their use very convenient for cleaning a well with your own hands, or for pumping out deep sources.

As a rule, submersible devices have better technical characteristics in terms of power and pressure than surface drains, since the submersible unit operates at great depths and needs a powerful drive to push water out.

The main advantages of submersible pumps include compact size and light weight, which allows you to easily install it on the bottom of the source (for example, Whirlwind 1100N weighs only 7 kg, and this is a pump from the initial price category, whose technical characteristics are far from ideal).

Also, noiselessness can be attributed to the advantages of such devices, since the sound of the drive is muffled by a layer of water, under which there is a submersible pump.

Submersible-type drains are more durable than surface devices, however, their repair is carried out much more often, since the device is constantly exposed to the aggressive effects of water and the pollution present in it, while repairing them with your own hands is quite difficult, since due to disassembly of the case, its tightness is violated.

In general, the purchase of a submersible drainage pump for a summer residence is justified only if there are clear goals for its use, since such a device has much less versatility than a surface drainage pump. Attention should be paid to Karcher SDP 5000 and Karcher SDP 18000LS.

Depending on the functional purpose, fecal pumps can be distinguished from the group of submersible drainage units, which are used for do-it-yourself pumping of septic tanks, cesspools, and drains with a large amount of mechanical pollution. The highest quality fecal pumps are manufactured by Pedrollo, Grundfos and Karcher.

Surface drains are much more convenient to use, due to the fact that they do not need to be constantly lowered and removed from the source with their own hands. However, they do not provide the necessary efficiency for pumping water from deep sources.

The maximum immersion depth for the most popular pumps on the market from the middle price category is as follows: Caliber NPTs 400D - 8 meters, Whirlwind 1100N - 10 meters.

In principle, this depth is more than enough for giving, and any domestic use. If the power of the surface drainage is not enough, then you need to pay attention to a centrifugal pump designed for pumping dirty water.

The advantages of submersible devices also include a long service life, due to less wear of the working part than that of submersible pumps, and simple do-it-yourself repairs. However, in order to carry out repairs, you will have to understand its design, which is not so easy.

The disadvantages are the noise during the operation of the power unit, however, in open spaces typical for summer cottages, it is almost invisible. Also, as already mentioned, their power is somewhat less than that of submersible counterparts.

2 How to choose a drainer for performance and pressure?

The key technical characteristics that should be considered when choosing a drain are its power (capacity) and pressure.

The approximate performance of the pump is determined based on the volume of water that it will pump out. So, if you need to drain a tank with a volume of 13 cubic meters, then a pump with a capacity of 4.2 m3 / h (take for example the PN-1100N Whirlwind) will do this in three hours. For summer cottages, pumps with a capacity of 5-10 m3 / h are the best option.

The characteristics of the pressure of the device should depend on how far the water needs to be transported, or from a source of what depth it needs to be raised.

In practice, ten meters of horizontal water supply is equal to one meter of its rise, which means the following: if a centrifugal pump has a head of 50 m (the same Vortex PN-1100N), then it will be able to raise water from a source 50 m deep, or pump it 500 m horizontally.

Consider how to choose a drainage pump for additional parameters. It is recommended to give preference to products whose body is made of stainless steel or cast iron. They, of course, will cost more than plastic counterparts, but the quality of the case directly affects the life of the unit.

This is especially true for submersible drains, which are constantly under the aggressive influence of the working environment.

Keep in mind that in case of deformation or malfunction of the metal case, you can repair it yourself by soldering or welding the damage, but if the plastic case breaks, the only thing left is to use the pump as a donor of spare parts for the new device.

Another important factor is the material of the impeller blades of the pump. They can be made of stainless steel or special technical polymers. It's the opposite here: stainless steel wheels in practice have a high wear rate, and therefore pumps equipped with them are cheaper.

Technopolymer impellers are made with special additives that make them resistant to mechanical damage and corrosion. The only minus of plastic, again, is repair. Repairing such materials will certainly put you in a difficult position, which must be taken into account without fail.

Be sure to choose those drains that are equipped with a float switch. The “float” automatically turns off the pump when the water level drops below a predetermined level, which protects the drain from running dry, and turns on the device when the water is restored.

Automation does not require turning the pump on and off with your own hands, which allows it to function normally during your absence.

It is also important to choose a pump according to the contamination of the water for which it will be used. The technical documentation for each drainer indicates what size impurities it can work with:

• From 25 mm to 38 mm - these pumps are perfect for pumping heavily polluted water - rain, melt and for cleaning wells and wells;
• From 25 to 5 mm - for medium-polluted water, usually such devices are used for watering vegetable gardens with technical water - the best option for giving;
• Up to 5 mm - for drainage of clean water, for example for pumping pools.

2.1 Who manufactures the drainage pumps?

Market analysis shows that the most popular devices for domestic use are pumps of domestic production "Caliber". These devices have an optimal price-quality ratio, which makes Kalibr drainages an excellent option for a universal pump for a summer residence or a private house.

The device of the drainage pump "Caliber" includes a centrifugal drive, which guarantees it high performance - a 400 W unit ("Caliber NPTs400D") has a pressure of 8 meters and produces 6.9 cubic meters of water per hour.

The advantages of Caliber pumps include endurance, which distinguishes them from competitors. Drainage "Caliber" without problems cope with water, which contains a large amount of mechanical impurities, which allows them to be used not only for pumping water, but also for cleaning wells and shallow wells.

An important factor in the popularity of Caliber pumps is also the simplicity of the design, which allows them to be repaired by themselves.

With the mass distribution of air conditioners, the market for compact pumps, which are used to pump out accumulated condensate, has greatly developed. We decided to compare the leaders in this market segment to find out which compact drainage pump is the best today.

For comparison, Sauermann Si 2750 devices and a Mini Orange pump from Aspen were selected. They have the best technical characteristics in their price range:

1. Cost: Sauermann Si 2750 wins in price, they ask for about three and a half thousand, while Mini Orange will cost you 5 thousand rubles.
2. Power: Mini Orange is the leader in terms of performance, this pump at maximum load is capable of delivering about 14 l / h, while the Sauermann 2750 is only 10 liters. In other matters, for household air conditioners, whose power rarely exceeds 20 kW, both devices are perfect.
3. Head: suction lift for Mini Orange - 8 meters, for Sauermann 2750 - 2.5 m.
4. Noisiness: Sauermann 2750 when pumping water 1 meter creates a noise of 32 dB, and Mini Orange only 23 dB. Orange leadership.
5. Weight and dimensions: the Sauermann 2750 and Mini Orange are approximately the same in size, the weight is also almost identical - both devices weigh within 300 grams
6. Mini Orange also wins in terms of maximum injection, which in this device is 10 m, while Sauermann 2750 has only 6 m.

As you can see, the Mini Orange surpasses the Sauermann 2750 in almost all parameters, but we assure you that in practice you will not notice significant differences between them.

For the purpose of effectively controlling the level of surface water and ensuring that excess liquid is pumped out, it is customary to use drainage pumps. One of the world leaders in the production of this equipment is the Italian concern Pedrollo. A distinctive feature of its pump is the presence of a low residual water level during pumping. Some of them show a 2 mm residual liquid level, that is, they allow it to be pumped out virtually dry.

Obtaining an economic effect from pumping equipment begins with the stage of its acquisition. According to studies conducted by the US Department of Energy, over 65% of pumps are selected incorrectly. A similar situation is observed in Russia. Often, purchased equipment has insufficient or excessive capacity, and electric motors operate with constant underload or overload. With an illiterate choice of the pump, its parameters during operation go beyond the working areas of the characteristic. In this case, there is a violation of the normal course of work processes:

Conversely, a drain pump that is matched to the specific operating conditions ensures long-term trouble-free operation and minimizes costs. What aspects should be considered when choosing a drainage pump?

Characteristics of the working environment

The characteristics of the purchased pumping equipment must ideally match the operating conditions: climatic factors, temperature, physical properties and chemical activity of the pumped medium. It should be remembered that such equipment is intended for pumping out significant volumes of water, usually containing no more than 5–10% of mechanical impurities. It is recommended to install mesh filters in front of the drainage pumps to prevent large particles from entering the working bodies.

Diameters of solids in the pumped medium for Pedrollo drainage pumps must not exceed:

For all Pedrollo drainage models, the operating temperature of the liquid is not allowed to exceed +40 °C. An exception is the RX-VORTEX series, for which the operating temperature can reach +50 °C.

As for the chemical activity of the working medium, all Pedrollo drainage series are designed for pumping light polluted effluents that do not have chemical aggression to the materials of the pump construction.

Thus, the objects on which these pumps can be operated are: flooded basements, garages, storage rooms, rainwater runoff and ponds without a thick silt layer, provided that the pump is fixed on a solid surface (base plate). They should not be used in construction pits with a sand-gravel mixture, sewage wells with thick silt deposits, since in this case the drainage pump will become clogged and its thermal protection will turn on.

Scope of use of drainage pumps

Drainage pumping equipment is widespread. It can be used:

Emptying level

An important characteristic of drainage pumping equipment is the level of emptying. The minimum level of emptying is demonstrated by the TOP-FLOOR series, in this case it is only 2 mm from the bottom.

Other series have the following emptying levels:

Calculation of the performance of the drainage pump

It is unlikely that drainage pumps will help save the facility from a serious accident on pipelines or from complete flooding. For pumping out small bays, the minimum productivity is enough. Such has, for example, the TOP-FLOOR series with a flow rate of up to 160 l / min., which is also able to provide pumping out virtually dry (2 mm from the bottom).

If it is planned to equip the drainage system with a pump, then it is required to set the intensity of the inflow of the pumped liquid. The method for calculating this parameter is simple.

The volume of supply water (To) is created from the volume of drainage water (Tdr), the volume of storm water (Td) and the volume of wastewater (Tst):

Stormwater volumes are defined as follows: Td = U * Y * C, where

It suffices to accept the following parameters of the nominal intensity of the shower:

The following consumption coefficients are accepted:

The catchment area (C) refers to the areas from which runoff enters the drainage system.

Wastewater inflow (Tst) depends on the number of people living in the house: Tst = 150 l / day for each person.

Thus, having determined the volumes of supply water, you should choose the appropriate model of the drainage pump. At the same time, its performance should be higher than the calculated maximum value. The excess limits are limited by the throughput of pipelines.

Consumers have the opportunity to choose Pedrollo pumps with different capacities:

Head calculation

To calculate the minimum required pump head, it is necessary to determine the distance over which water should be diverted and the height of its expected rise. The height is determined by the difference in height between the location of the pump and the point of discharge. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the pressure loss in the process of overcoming the hydraulic resistance of the pipeline. As a rule, the value of this indicator when crossing horizontal sections of pipelines is equal to 1 meter of pressure per 10 m of the pipeline (coefficient = 0.1).

In the life of the owner of a private house, there are many such trifles that a resident of a city apartment does not even know about, one of which is a drainage pump. This device is used for pumping water: from a pond, pool, fountain, basement. Although it is not used every day, it is indispensable. On the Internet and in stores you can find thousands of offers for the purchase of a drainage pump. Various companies offer equipment that differs in appearance, size and technical characteristics. This article will help choose a drain pump which will exactly match your requirements. The right choice will not only extend the life of the equipment, but also save money by avoiding overpaying for unnecessary features.

Why is a sump pump needed?

You need to start with this question, because in order to know the necessary technical parameters and functions of the device, you need to understand what task it performs and in what conditions it will work. There can be many situations when a drainage pump is needed. Here are the most typical ones:

• Drain the fountain tank for repairs;
• Pump out rain or melt water from the drainage well;
• After a pipe break, water has to be pumped out of the basement;
• The cellar was flooded with spring floods - it is necessary to remove the water;
• To irrigate the site, you need to pump water from the nearest natural reservoir.

As already mentioned, this pump is used to pump out water - clean water. The above cases assume that the water is relatively clean and does not contain large amounts of large particles, silt, sand or dirt. Otherwise, you will have to purchase a fecal pump - but this is a different type of equipment.

Manufacturers of some types of drainage pumps indicate in the technical specifications that the pump can pump dirty water. It also determines the size of the particles that the equipment is able to filter. If you intend to pump contaminated water, you need to purchase just such a pump. But you can not abuse the filtering capabilities - this can disable the equipment.

What are drainage pumps

All such pumping equipment can be conditionally divided into two large groups:

• Surface pumps;
• Submersible pumps.

Surface pumps are not demanding in installation: the equipment is installed on any flat surface near the tank, with which it is connected by a drainage pipe. It is capable of pumping water from a shallow depth, up to 10 m. Maintenance is quite simple and includes cleaning and lubricating parts. A significant disadvantage of this pump is the noise of operation.

Submersible pumps, as the name implies, are partially or completely submerged in water in the working position. They do not require complex installation, thanks to their small size and weight they are easy to carry, so the submersible pump will cope with any drainage task anywhere in your home or yard. It is easy to operate and maintain, reliable and durable. The advantage of this equipment is its noiselessness. Often submersible pumps are able to pump water from a greater depth than surface pumps. For domestic purposes, this type of equipment is most often used.

Device and principle of operation

The submersible drainage pump has a monoblock structure. An electric motor and a pump unit are placed in a hermetically sealed case made of plastic or stainless steel. The electric motor rotates the impeller, which creates a vacuum in the pump assembly, which leads to the movement of the liquid.

The impeller is in constant contact with water, so the material from which it is made is important. The impeller blades can be made of stainless steel or polymer. Traditionally, metal blades are considered more durable and more expensive. What you choose depends on the operating conditions of the pump in your area. For frequent operation and pumping large volumes, it is better choose a drain pump with steel blades.

To protect the electrical part, the pump is equipped with a float switch and a temperature relay. The float switch monitors the level of the working fluid and controls the pump: at the maximum level it turns on, and at the minimum it turns off. This protects the pump from emergency running dry. The temperature switch monitors the heating of the engine and, when the critical temperature is reached, disconnects the pump from the power supply, preventing the motor from overheating.

Pump selection according to technical characteristics

Drainage pumps are characterized by two main parameters: pressure and performance. Let's start with the choice of performance, or, as it is otherwise called, throughput. This parameter indicates the ability of the drainage pump to pump out a certain volume of liquid per unit time and is measured in cubic meters per hour (m 3 / h). You should choose, focusing on the maximum load. For example, the pump will be used to pump water from a drainage well with a diameter of 1.5 meters and a depth of 6 meters. By mathematical calculations, we determine the volume of the well, which is about 10 m 3. At maximum load, the entire volume of liquid must be pumped out in 2 hours. Dividing the volume by the time, we obtain the estimated pump capacity - 5 m 3 / h. If the pump successfully copes with its task at maximum load, then it will cope with simpler tasks even more so.

Now we will select the drainage pump by pressure. This value characterizes the ability of the pump to raise water to a height and is measured in meters (m). If, according to the passport, the pump head is 10 meters, then it can raise water to a height of no more than 10 meters. When determining the magnitude of the pressure, one should take into account not only the vertical water supply system, but also the horizontal one, because energy is also spent on pumping water through horizontally laid pipes, although in a much smaller amount. The approximate ratio of pressure in the horizontal plane is as follows: in order to pump water through 10 meters of a horizontal pipe, 1 meter of pressure is needed.

In our case, the submersible drainage pump is installed at a depth of 6 meters, and the water is discharged into the rain sewer, the receiver of which is located at a distance of 20 meters from the drainage well. To raise water to the surface, a pressure of 6 meters is required, and to pump it into a rain sewer - 2 meters (remember the ratio of 10 meters of a horizontal pipe to 1 meter of pressure). So, to complete our task, the pump must have a head of 8 meters.

Conclusion: focusing on the calculated value of productivity and pressure, for specific conditions of maximum load on the equipment, you should choose a drainage pump with a capacity of 5 m 3 / h and a pressure of 8 meters. If you choose a pump with a lower capacity, it will not cope with the task of pumping out water within a given time, and if you make a mistake in choosing the pressure value, then the pump will not be able to raise water to the desired height.

What else you need to consider when operating a drainage pump

In order for the dirt that has settled to the bottom not to clog the parts of the pump, it should be installed at a certain distance from the bottom. If the pump is going to be constantly used for pumping dirty water, equipment with a top intake can be purchased. This will allow you to disassemble the pump less often and clean the filter element, and will also have a positive effect on the duration of the unit.

When buying a drain pump, keep in mind that ordinary garden hoses will not fit it, since the diameter of the pump outlet is usually larger than the diameter of the garden hose. So, when purchasing a pump, you should take care to purchase a hose of the right size.

The purchase of a drainage pump allows you to solve many problems that face the owners of private houses. In addition, this equipment is not expensive. Pumps of domestic firms are traditionally a little cheaper than imported ones. When purchasing a drainage pump, be guided by the compliance with the technical specifications and reputation of the manufacturer. In this case, the purchased equipment will faithfully serve for many years.

No one will argue that water is vital for a person. However, there are times when it causes a lot of trouble. During the period of snowmelt or heavy rains, excess water can cause a lot of damage to buildings, washing away the foundation and flooding basements. An indispensable assistant in such a situation can serve as a drainage pump. With its help, it is not difficult to pump out excess water, even with a certain degree of pollution.

Therefore, such a unit is indispensable in the suburban economy. In addition, it can be used to pump water from any reservoir, whether it be a pool or a pit. Therefore, when purchasing a unit, it is worth considering how to choose a drainage pump so that it performs all the tasks with maximum efficiency.

The main components of the drainage pump

If you don’t particularly “dig” into the mechanism, the drainage pump device consists of an engine and a pump assembly, which are placed in a sealed housing.

It is made mainly of stainless steel or fairly durable plastic. The impeller of the engine is equipped with blades and fixed on the rotor shaft.

The size of the openings of the suction grate determines the maximum size of solid particles allowed to be contained in the pumped medium.

The pump unit sucks water through special holes, the diameter of which determines the maximum size of solid particles allowed to be contained in the pumped liquid. Most manufactured pumps are equipped with a float switch.

If you want to know how a sump pump works, watch the video of the process.

Such units can be used for both domestic and industrial work. Before deciding which drainage pump to choose, you need to find out the preferential conditions of use. This is necessary in order to determine the configuration of the mechanism. The main characteristics that you should pay attention to when choosing a drainage pump are:

• finding the suction hole; For professional units, this feature is unimportant. They can be placed in any position. For household pumps, it is better if the hole is located at the bottom. This will allow maximum pumping of water from the bottom of the tank.
• pump housing; For industrial applications, mechanisms with a cast-iron body are produced. They are quite reliable, but have a lot of weight. Household pumps due to the body made of steel or plastic are more compact and light. However, they have sufficient power to perform their functions.
• working chamber; For pumping water without impurities, its size is unimportant. For liquids containing large fractions, the size of the working chamber must be wide enough for their passage. Otherwise, the mechanism of the unit may be damaged.
• unit design; industrial models have a more complex design, which requires the involvement of a specialist for filter replacement and maintenance. Maintenance of household pumps is carried out independently.
• suction device; centrifugal mechanism for suction allows the pump to be used for pumping water with solids without reducing power.

What material should the parts and body be made of?

This is an important characteristic for such a unit. Not only the price of the pump depends on it, but also the reliability and service life of it. According to the material of manufacture, pumps are:

• completely plastic; They are the least durable, but are cheaper than other analogues.
• plastic with stainless steel operating mechanism; Thanks to this, the wheel of the unit is not exposed to aggressive environments and corrosion.
• stainless steel or cast iron; Leading the rating of drainage pumps in terms of durability due to the resistance of all parts to any damage.

Blade-type units are divided according to the material from which the parts are made. The blades for the pump are made:

• stainless steel; cheaper option.
• technopolymer, which is more resistant to corrosion and wear, but also more expensive.

Classification by installation method

According to the installation method, drainage pumps are divided into:

• superficial; They pump out water even from great depths. They are mainly used in pumping stations for connection to a well or well.
• semi-submersible; The body of the unit is partially immersed in the pumped liquid. It is used for pumping water from cellars or small reservoirs.
• submersible; The pump is completely immersed in the pumped medium. Used to drain pools and basements.

Devices that extend the life of the pump

During the operation of the drain pump, the engine may overheat, which is fraught with damage to the unit. Also, its operation at a too low level of the pumped medium affects the service life of the mechanism. A thermal relay will help to avoid overheating of the engine, turning off the unit when the temperature is exceeded.

The drain pump with a built-in float switches off automatically when the liquid drops during pumping. It can also turn on automatically when the room is filled with water. This will help to avoid significant flooding in the absence of owners during the flood.

Switching on and off sensors in pumps with an aquasensor control the operating mode of the unit, the devices are regulated independently of each other

Developments in this area do not stand still and units with the new aquasensor technology are already on sale. Thanks to the regulator, you can set the required allowable water level to turn the unit on and off. In this case, the minimum level can be set to 5 mm. Such pumps can be installed in narrow tanks where the operation of a float switch is not possible.

What are the specifications to focus on?

Performance is the most important aspect

To determine the required pump performance, it is necessary to find out the scope of the proposed actions. That is, how much water must be pumped out in a certain period of time. For example, household drainage pumps are capable of pumping out no more than 180 liters per minute. For the tasks of pumping excess water from the basement or draining the pool, such pumps are quite suitable.

However, you need to be aware that the higher the upper reset point, the greater the loss in performance.

Required device pressure

To calculate the pressure required to perform a specific task, you need to know the height and distance over which water is supplied. Height is defined as the distance between the submerged level of the pump and the point where the water exits the nozzle. This takes into account that there is a loss of one meter of pressure for every ten meters of hoses or pipelines.

Pump selection depending on the pumped medium

Each pump has a specific specification, which indicates the size of the impurities contained in the water, which this unit is able to pass without reducing performance.

If the aggregates are distributed according to these characteristics, we obtain the permissible size of impurities:

• up to 5 mm; used for clean or lightly contaminated liquids. Suitable for drainage of rain tanks, pools.
• 5-25 mm; It is used for medium contaminated liquids with impurities not exceeding 25 mm. With their help drain pits or wells.

25-38mm

; Used for dirty, rain and melt water.

For dirty water, pumps are used that allow impurity sizes from 25 to 38 mm

Typically, household drainage pumps for water are used in environments with a temperature of no more than 40º. Therefore, they are not suitable for pumping hot water. For such functions, industrial units are chosen that can even cope with such a task.

On the market, drainage pumps for summer cottages are presented in a wide range. Therefore, if you need to perform several tasks: drain the pool and pump out water from the basement, you do not need to purchase a unit for each process separately. It is enough to choose one, but a reliable pump. In this case, you should focus on the most time-consuming of the processes.