Presentation. The reign of Ivan III. presentation for a lesson in history (grade 10) on the topic. Grand Duke Vasily III Ivanovich Vasily's foreign policy 3 presentation

"Political fragmentation" - Slide number 1. Slide number 5. Political fragmentation in Russia (XII - early XIII centuries). He was in charge of the court. Slide number 7. Prince On the basis of a treaty, he led the army in wartime.

"Ivan III" - Interior view. The central part of the interior with an iconostasis. Mosaic of the Imperial Palace of Constantinople, VI century. Ivan III (Notes of Herberstein). George the Victorious). Assumption Cathedral (Aristotle Fioravanti, architect from Bologna, arrived in 1475). Roman Emperor Constantine I, founder of Constantinople.

"Monomakh Vladimir" - Life - to the Motherland, Soul - to God, Honor - to anyone. A) in Novgorod; B) in Chernigov; C) in Pereyaslavl. 4. "The Charter of V. Monomakh" was written. Integrated lesson in history and literature in the 6th grade. What advice Monomakh is relevant to this day? Vladimir Monomakh (1053 -1125). Questions on the "Teachings": About the life of Vladimir Monomakh.

"Feudal fragmentation in Russia" - Capital - Chernigov. Kiev principality. Many cities were built on the territory. Crafts and trade are well developed. The princes had strong squads, they often fought with the Polovtsy. Each prince minted his own coin. Ki? Єvo-Peche? Rska la? Vra) is one of the earliest monasteries in Russia. Reasons for feudal fragmentation.

"Moscow and Lithuania" - Dates of the reign of Vasily I. 1410 Moscow, Lithuania and the Horde. The Order's army consisted of 27 thousand knights, mounted landsknechts and foot mercenaries. What is the significance of the Battle of Grunwald? Tokhtamysh, Khan of the Golden Horde. Vasily I Dmitrievich and Sofia Vitovtovna. Eastern Europe in the 1st quarter of the 15th century Gorodelsky union of Lithuania and Poland.

"Creation of a single Russian state" - Perm -1472. Ugra land 1499 Differences in cultural and folk traditions. The transition to the study of new material. Differences in activity in social and political life. A). Edigei. Russia between East and West. Differences in lifestyle. Confrontation.

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Integration of the newly annexed lands After the annexation of Yaroslavl in 1471
principality on its territory begins enough
rigid unification with general Moscow orders.
Specially appointed messenger of the Grand Duke
turned to the Moscow service of the Yaroslavl princes and
boyars, taking away from them part of the land. Similar processes
took place in the city that came under the control of Moscow
Rostov. The process of reversal was also observed here.
local elite (both princes and boyars) to serve the great
prince, and the Rostov princes kept in their hands
much smaller compared to Yaroslavl
the princes of the patrimony. A number of properties were acquired as
the Grand Duke and the Moscow nobility
The annexation of the Tver principality in 1485 and its
integration into the Russian state took place
soft enough. It was actually turned into
one of the appanage principalities. When the prince Ivan was
the Moscow governor Vasily Obrazets Dobrynsky was left. Tver has retained many attributes
independence: the princely lands were ruled by a special
Tver Palace. In 1490, after the death of Ivan
Ivanovich, Tver for some time passed to the prince
Basil, and in 1497 it was taken from him. By the beginning of the XVI
century, the Tver courtyard finally merged with the Moscow one, and
some Tver boyars went over to the Moscow Duma.

Integration into
the nationwide structure of Belozersky
principality. After its transition in 1486 under
the power of Moscow, in March 1488 was
the Belozersk charter letter was promulgated.
Among other things, she set standards
feeding representatives of the authorities, as well as
regulated legal proceedings.
The most profound were the changes
comprehended the Novgorod land. At the heart of
veche orders lay wealth
Novgorod boyar-merchant aristocracy,
owned vast estates; huge
lands were also owned by the Novgorod
church. During negotiations on the surrender of the city
the Moscow side gave a number to the Grand Duke
guarantees, in particular, were not promised
to evict Novgorodians "to the Niz" (outside
Novgorod land, in fact Moscow
territory) and not to confiscate property.

Arrests were made immediately after the fall of the city.
An implacable opponent of Moscow was taken into custody.
the state of Martha Boretskaya, the huge possessions of the family
Boretskikh passed into the hands of the treasury; a similar fate befell a number
other leaders of the Prolitian party. In addition, there was
confiscated a number of lands belonging to the Novgorod
churches. A new wave of arrests followed in 1483-1484
boyars on charges of high treason, in 1486 from
Fifty families were evicted from the city. And finally, in 1487
year, it was decided to evict the entire
landowning and commercial aristocracy and its confiscation
fiefdoms. In the winter of 1487-1488, the city was evicted
about 7,000 people - boyars and "living people". In the next
year more than a thousand merchants were evicted from Novgorod and
"Live their people." Their estates were confiscated to the treasury,
from where they were partially distributed to the estates of Moscow children
boyarsky, partially transferred to the ownership of the Moscow
boyars, and partly made up the possession of the Grand Duke. So
thus, the place of the noble Novgorod patrimonials was taken by
Moscow settlers who already owned land on the basis of
local system; common people resettlement of the nobility is not
affected. In parallel with the confiscation of estates was
a census of land was carried out, summarizing the land
reforms. In 1489, part of the
population of Khlynov (Vyatka).

Eliminating the reign of the old
landowning and commercial aristocracy
Novgorod went parallel with the breaking of the old
government controlled. Power passed into
the hands of the governors appointed by the great
prince, and in charge of both military and judicial and administrative affairs. Lost
a significant part of its power and Novgorod
archbishop. After his death in 1483
Archbishop Theophilos (arrested in 1480
year) became the Trinity monk Sergius, immediately
revolted against himself the local
clergy. In 1484 he was replaced by the appointed
Archimandrite of the Chudov Monastery from Moscow
Gennady Gonzov, supporter of the grand ducal
politicians. In the future, Archbishop Gennady became
one of the central figures in the fight against
heresy of the "Judaizing".

General information Vasily III Ivanovich (25 March December 1533) Grand Duke of Vladimir and Moscow. In a treaty of 1514 with the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, for the first time in the history of Russia, he was named tsar (Caesar).

During the reign of Vasily III, the landed nobility increased, the authorities actively limited the immunity and privileges of the boyars - the state followed the path of centralization. However, the despotic features of government, fully manifested already under his father Ivan III and grandfather Vasily the Dark, only intensified in the era of Vasily.

The time of Vasily's reign was the era of the construction boom in Russia, which began during the reign of his father. The Archangel Cathedral was erected in the Moscow Kremlin, and the Ascension Church was built in Kolomenskoye. At this time, stone fortifications were being built in Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, Kolomna, and other cities, new settlements, forts, fortresses were founded.

Foreign policy At the beginning of his reign, Vasily had to start a war with Kazan. The campaign was unsuccessful, the Russian regiments commanded by Vasily's brother Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Zhilka of Uglitsky were defeated, but the Kazan people asked for peace, which was concluded in 1508. At the same time, Vasily, taking advantage of the turmoil in Lithuania after the death of Prince Alexander, put forward his candidacy for the throne of Gediminas.

In 1512, a new war began with Lithuania. On December 19, Vasily, Yuri Ivanovich and Dmitry Zhilka set out on a campaign. Smolensk was besieged, but it did not work to take it, and the Russian army returned to Moscow in March 1513. On June 14, Vasily set out on a campaign again, but having sent the governor to Smolensk he himself remained in Borovsk, waiting for what would happen next.

Smolensk was again besieged, and its governor, Yuri Sologub, was defeated in an open field. Only after that did Vasily personally come to the troops. But this siege was unsuccessful: the besieged managed to restore what was destroyed. Having devastated the outskirts of the city, Vasily ordered to retreat and returned to Moscow in November.

In 1527, the attack of Islyam I Giray on Moscow was repelled. Gathering in Kolomenskoye, Russian troops took up defenses 20 km from the Oka. The siege of Moscow and Kolomna lasted five days, after which the Moscow army crossed the Oka and defeated the Crimean army on the Osetr River. Another steppe invasion was repulsed.

Death of Vasily III On the way to Volokolamsk, Vasily received a hypodermic abscess on his left thigh. Already exhausted, the Grand Duke was taken to the village of Vorobyovo near Moscow. Realizing that he would not survive, Vasily wrote a will, summoned Metropolitan Daniel, several boyars and asked them to recognize his three-year-old son Ivan as the heir to the throne. On December 3, 1533, having taken a preliminary schema, he died of blood poisoning.

The process of unification of Russian lands during the reign of Ivan III (1462 - 1505) ended with the formation of a single state. In 1463 the Yaroslavl, and in 1474 the Rostov lands became part of the Moscow principality. In 1477 the Novgorod army was defeated, the veche bell and the Novgorod boyars were taken to Moscow, in 1478 the Novgorod Republic was liquidated.

The unification of the lands of North-Eastern Russia allowed Ivan III to oppose the Great Horde, the successor of the Golden Horde. In 1478 Moscow refused to pay tribute to the khans. In 1480 Khan Akhmed (Akhmat) undertook a campaign against Russia. Russian troops on October 8 met the Tatars on the river. Eel. The Tatar troops were unable to break through the defense of the Moscow army. Part of the troops at that time ravaged the khan's lands, going down the Volga. The Polish king Casimir IV did not come to the aid of the khan, repelling the raid of the Crimean Tatars, allies of Moscow. On November 11, 1480, Ahmed turned back. The Horde yoke was overthrown, the Moscow state became independent from foreign domination, which lasted for 240 years.

Ivan III inherited Uglich in 1481, and Vologda in 1491. In 1483. Moscow troops marched along the rivers Tobol, Irtysh and Ob, subjugating the Vogul and Ugra lands. In 1485 the son of Ivan III Ivan the Young became the prince of Tver. The Ryazan prince and Pskov recognized themselves as vassals of Ivan III.

The victory over the Horde and the unification of all the lands of North-Eastern Russia allowed Ivan III to start a struggle with Lithuania for the return of the western lands. During the wars of 1492 - 1494. and 1500 - 1503 the Chernigov and Seversk lands, the "upper principalities" were returned to the Russian state.

Sweden and Livonia tried to oust Muscovy from the shores of the Baltic Sea. In 1495 - 1496 Moscow troops made successful campaigns in Finland. In 1501 - 1502 the troops of the Livonian Order were defeated and he began to pay tribute to Moscow. built opposite Narva Ivan the city, outpost of Russia on the Baltic Sea.

The policy of Ivan III to unite the Russian lands was continued by Vasily III (1505 - 1533). In 1510 the Pskov Republic was liquidated. He continued to fight with Lithuania for the Smolensk lands, during the war of 1512 - 1522. Lithuania recognized Smolensk as Moscow. In 1521 Ryazan became part of the Moscow state, and in 1523 the southern appanage principalities were liquidated. The core of the Russian state was formed.

At the beginning of the XVI century. Russia faced a new threat in the south. Until 1502, the struggle against the remnants of the Great Horde continued. Crimean and Kazan Tatars began to make constant raids. Vasily III managed to subordinate Kazan to his influence. To protect against the Crimea in the south, they began to build notch lines (a system of protective structures)

The process of the unification of the Russian lands under Ivan III and Vasily III was accompanied by the process of centralizing the lands into a single state. The nature of the relationship between the leaders has changed. The prince and the rest of the feudal lords. Under Ivan III, the rights and privileges of princes and boyars were limited, from vassals they became subjects of the chief. prince. Conducted. The prince could execute and impose "disgraces". In 1485 Ivan III took the title of "Sovereign of All Russia". The attributes of power are accepted: "Monomakh's hat", scepter and orb. The official ideology was the theory "Moscow - the Third Rome", which proclaimed the Moscow state the center of the entire Orthodox world. A unified judicial and administrative management system is being introduced. In 1497, an all-Russian "Code of Laws" was adopted, which introduced a unified judicial system throughout the state. The right of the peasants to cross over to St. George's Day (in November) was limited. A system of central government bodies was created in the form of orders, formed from the palace administration led. prince. The army was formed at the expense of nobles, "service people" and "boyar children" who received the estate from the prince.

Under Vasily III, a unified monetary system and a system of taxation of all peasants, including estates, were introduced. To weaken the influence of the aristocracy, the prince appoints immigrants from local feudal lords to important posts.

However, the remnants of feudal fragmentation were still strong. The aristocracy retained limited independence, receiving "tarkhan letters" from taxes. The power of the prince was limited by the Boyar Duma. key posts were occupied by the aristocracy, the rule of parochialism.

At the end of the 15th - beginning of the 16th centuries. the social structure of the feudal society was finally formed. A class of serf peasants was formed, consolidated on the lands of the feudal lord.

Presentation. The reign of Ivan III. presentation for a lesson in history (grade 10) on the topic. Grand Duke Vasily III Ivanovich Vasily's foreign policy 3 presentation

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