Isover - insulation: technical characteristics of thermal insulation, density standard. Technical characteristics of the insulation "Izover" What are the characteristics of the product "Isover"

Glass fibers are the basis of ISOVER. The length of one of the thousand fibers reaches 150 microns with a thickness of 5 microns. These parameters make the material very elastic and durable.

ISOVER can be used at any stage of building erection. Manufacturers promise thermal protection of the highest level.

ISOVER specifications are as follows:

• Low thermal conductivity. It provides a high degree of thermal protection
• Excellent sound reduction properties. Provides significant noise reduction
• High environmental friendliness of the material. Can be used to warm any room
• Durability. This material can last at least 5 decades
• Fire resistance. It does not really burn, but at high temperatures it can melt
• Lightness of weight. Thanks to this indicator, isover can even be used for insulation of stacked structures.

Density of airtight ISOVER at the level of 13 kg/m3. During installation, it is possible (due to the softness of the material) to reduce the density of adhesion to the wall.

When buying ISOVER, you should ask for quality certificates. If the material is produced under license, then the seller must show documents confirming the EN 13162 and ISO 9001 standards. They guarantee that ISOVER is made from safe materials, and therefore there is no prohibition for its use indoors.

Glass wool Isover types and specifications

Isover is produced in rolls, mats and plates, which differ in their dimensions.

Glass wool is made from the remnants of the glass industry, less often from the main raw material that is used to make glass. There are some restrictions that narrow the scope of the use of Izover glass wool insulation. Technical characteristics of the material preclude operation in a humid environment without additional protection. This insulation absorbs moisture very strongly, and dries poorly. At the same time, when the material gets wet, it ceases to perform the functions of thermal insulation. Therefore, it is necessary to use special films that do not allow moisture to penetrate into the Izover insulation. Reviews unequivocally confirm the failure of the material without steam and waterproofing.

Glass wool is available in:

• rolls;
• mats;
• slabs.

What is the difference between them? Rolls are soft rectangular pieces of insulation that differ from mats in their length (they are longer). Mats are also wrapped in rolls, but they are shorter and somewhat denser. Usually two mats are wound in one roll. The plates are denser, they are not rolled up and are sold in rectangular packages. Various materials are used for indoor and outdoor work. Izover mineral wool insulation - characteristics common to all positions:

• thermal conductivity coefficient - in the range from 0.037 to 0.044 W / m * C;
• combustibility group - NG, that is, does not burn;
• moisture absorption is high.

Let's take a closer look at Isover insulation. The technical characteristics of each type differ quite a bit, mainly in dimensions and density.

Before insulating a wall in a panel house from the inside, consider the option of outdoor work, according to technology - this is more correct.

Technical characteristics of Astratek liquid insulation are described here.

Rolls

Sauna - thickness 50 and 100 mm, laminated with foil. It is used to insulate the walls of various types of baths from the inside.

mats

Pro - used inside and out, a versatile material that is popular. Thickness 50, 100 and 150 mm. Classic - thickness 50 mm, 2 mats are wound in a roll. It is used for warming floors, roofs along the logs, ceilings along the crate. Frame M37 - thickness options 40, 50, 60, 100 and 150 mm. It is used to fill the interwall space when insulating frame houses. Frame M34 - thickness 50 mm, less dense than M37. M40AL frame - foil insulation 50, 100 and 150 mm thick.

Plates

Mineral wool Isover can be with a foil that protects it from moisture.

• Convenience when insulating large surface areas, ease of installation due to the fact that one roll can insulate a large area of ​​the house.
• When used, fewer joints appear, and therefore, the permeability of air flows decreases.
• Small consumption of material.
• Suitable for non-standard rafter pitch, easy to cut to the required width.

Heater in slabs

• Recommended for warming small rooms.
• Suitable when working for one person.
• Fixed by surprise without the use of additional fasteners.

Izover application, its specificity and varieties

It is known that about forty percent of heat loss occurs through the wall partitions of the building, so the insulation of “weak spots” with high-quality material, subject to and following all the installation rules, is a guarantee of keeping heat in the house. As a result, spending on more expensive and reliable insulation will provide further savings on heating all rooms in the cold season.

The manufacturing company offers customers to choose the most suitable insulation among several types that can be divided depending on the application.

Areas of application of Izover thermal insulation:

• roofs and ceilings;
• external walls;
• internal, interroom partitions.

Isover KL-34

This type of Izover product is a plate, the thickness of which can be 5 or 10 centimeters. It is suitable for insulation of any planes - vertical, horizontal, inclined. Due to the tight fit on the frame, the use of additional fasteners is not required. Often, KL-34 boards are used to insulate ventilated facades.

Isover KL-37

A soft fiberglass based thermal insulation designed to work in buildings where the insulation is not heavily stressed. Interestingly, the packaged material is subjected to additional compression by 2 times - this helps to reduce the total volume, thereby slightly reducing shipping costs. Like the previous type of Izover insulation, KL-37 does not need additional fasteners. However, it should be remembered that during installation it is necessary to observe the condition - to strive for the tightest fit of the plates to the surface.

Isover KT-37

It is used for insulation of attic rooms, roofs, as well as interfloor ceilings. The main difference from KL-37 is that it is a roll material. The rest of the characteristics, recommendations for operation and installation are the same.

Isover KT-40

It is supplied in rolls and, unlike other Izover products, this type of material consists of two layers, each of which is 5 centimeters thick. The KT-40 will be ideal if the installation is in a wooden or metal frame, where the distance between the posts is 60 centimeters.

Isover STYROFOAM 300A

Produced in the form of plates with extruded polystyrene foam. This material requires the use of fasteners. Due to the special composition of STYROFOAM 300A boards, the heat and moisture protection indicators are higher than those of many similar products. This type of insulation Izover has found its application in the thermal insulation of walls, floors and flat roofs. It is allowed to apply a layer of plaster directly on top of the slabs.

Isover VENTITERM

Insulation based on mineral wool with basalt fibers. The versatility of this material is due to the fact that installation can be carried out both with the use of fasteners and without it. Professionals have long found use for this insulation in the insulation of plumbing systems and ventilation pipes.

Izover Pitched roof

To protect the roof, Izover Pitched Roof has been specially designed. This type of insulation allows not only to keep warm, but also, due to the ability to absorb sounds from the outside, creates an atmosphere of peace and quiet. The positive properties also include the incombustibility of the material and good vapor permeability. It must be remembered that the pitch of the truss system must correspond to the dimensions of the insulation boards.

Izover Soundproofing

Izover Sound Protection mats and slabs are specially designed to minimize the possibility of outside noise penetration. Installation can be carried out in internal partitions or suspended ceilings.

Izover Sauna

Heater Izover Sauna. In addition to the fact that this material has all the qualities of a high-class insulation, Izover Sauna also creates a barrier to steam, making it ideal for installation in baths, saunas and rooms with high humidity. The material is mats with a thickness of 5 or 10 centimeters and is supplied in rolls.

For the convenience of searching and selecting the right product, the manufacturer of thermal insulation materials Izover developed and presented a line of products indicating the purpose and scope right in the title:

• Izover Warm House.
• Izover Warm Roof.
• Izover Warm Walls.
• Izover Quiet House.

Basalt insulation

In addition to fiberglass plates, basalt insulation based on stone fibers is produced under the Izover brand.

The main technical differences of basalt wool:

• higher price.
• basalt wool is more durable.
• stronger and denser than glass wool.
• less elastic, more brittle.
• higher moisture resistance and heat resistance.
• available in slabs.
• less compression ratio - transportation is more expensive, takes up more storage space.

Expert advice: basalt insulation is recommended for use in places with a higher load, because. it has a higher density.

In fact, the line of this mineral wool is not much different from fiberglass-based materials:

• Isover Optimal. Supplied in slabs 50 and 100 mm thick. Designed for insulation and sound protection of pitched roofs and ceilings.
• Light. Designed for frame structures, has increased elasticity. Mineral wool is supplied in slabs with a thickness of 50 and 100 mm.
• Acoustic. Sound absorption class "A".
• Isover Ruf B, Ruf N. Designed for flat roofing.
• Isover Flor. Supplied in slabs with a thickness of 30, 40 and 50 mm. Reduces impact noise up to 35 dB.
• Isover Plaster. It is applied to plaster facades.
• Isover Facade-Master. It is used for insulation of plaster facades. Plate thickness 30, 50, 100 and 150 mm.
• Venti. Differs in the increased vapor permeability.
• Isover Standard. Used in multi-layer masonry.

To say unequivocally which insulation is better, stone or glass wool will not work. Both types have advantages and disadvantages - the choice depends on the conditions of use of the insulation and the requirements for it.

Today Izover is the most popular mineral wool in the domestic building materials market. With a diverse product line, high quality and affordable price, it receives the best feedback from consumers. According to many builders, it has the best price-quality ratio among competitors.

Watch a video that explains the features and benefits of Izover insulation:

Technical characteristics of insulation Izovol

The technical characteristics of the insulation have not only positive qualities associated with thermal insulation. There are also secondary advantages, such as service life, environmental friendliness and the weight of the insulation, which play a big role during installation.

1. Service life of the heater- this is one of the most important factors. Insulation can serve for 50 years without deteriorating the thermal insulation properties of the material. Surely no one will use material that will last a year, because installing a heater is still not an easy job, and therefore it wins other models according to these criteria.
2. Many buildings require insulation, but you also have to follow and for environmental regulations, using one or another heater. Many heaters are simply not suitable because of their low environmental aspect, and therefore Izovol is most often used for the insulation of residential buildings, kindergartens, hospitals and many other public institutions. The material has passed a lot of checks, including at the Institute of Cancer, where it received a certificate of safety for use.
3. The weight of the material is quite small, so Izovol can be easily used on buildings that, to put it mildly, have already outlived their time. The walls of many buildings may simply not withstand the load, but when using insulation, the walls will actually not feel the additional load.

Briefly about the manufacturer

As mentioned above, ISOVER is a trademark of the Saint-Gobain industrial group. The company has 350 years of history headquartered in Paris. The company has representative offices in 67 countries of the world. In addition to ISOVER, Saint-Gobain produces ISOROC and ISITEC brand insulation.

On the territory of Russia, the enterprises are located in Yegorievsk and Chelyabinsk near Moscow. The products are manufactured according to the original technology, are subject to mandatory international certification, and comply with GOST standards. It should be noted that since 2013, enterprises launched a production line for the production of basalt wool under the brand of the same name.

Installation

Let's get acquainted with the features of the installation of building materials on different components of residential buildings.

Roof

Important! The insulator sheets must be laid across the roof slope starting from the bottom with an overlap of 10 cm.

For installation of mineral wool on the roof, work must be performed in the following order:

1. Installation of vapor barrier from the inside of the roof.
2. When using rolled insulation, you need to cut off pieces equal to the slope of the roof and lay them between the rafters.
3. Mineral wool slabs are laid close to each other, since the quality of thermal insulation depends on this.
4. Laying a waterproofing membrane. It must be placed with some hanging between the rafters.

Important! In order for Isover to be laid airtight, it is necessary that the width of the slab be 2-3 cm more than the distance between the rafters.

Facade

To insulate the facade, mineral wool is used in slabs with dimensions of 60 * 120 or 100 * 120 cm. Izover standard can be used. For a temperate continental climate, the optimal layer thickness is about 10 cm. For areas with more severe winters, 15 cm slabs are used.

Installation work includes the following steps:

1. Installation at the bottom of the walls of the profile with a width equal to the thickness of the wool.
2. Installation of wool slabs close to each other using a special adhesive applied at 6-9 points. You need to check the evenness of the walls using a level and a rule.
3. Each plate is fixed with "fungi" or "umbrellas".
4. This is followed by work on the installation of corners, reinforcement and application of decorative plaster. Another option is cladding with siding or brick.

Characteristics of Izover

Minimal heat loss is provided by the simple property of air placed in the closed space between the fibers of the material, which is what makes the material so warm. In addition, Izover can also be used as a sound insulator and the company declares it as absolutely safe for health. It can be used not only for external insulation of facades, but also for internal insulation of rooms in a residential building, including children's rooms.

The vapor permeability of the material is also of great importance, since the accumulation of moisture in the structure of the material leads to a loss of thermal properties. However, when Izover insulates foundations, plinths and facades, experts recommend leaving at least 2 cm for sufficient ventilation. For water repellency, the material is impregnated with water repellents, which guarantee the absence of not only moisture, but also biological threats. Therefore, the manufacturer can guarantee a 50-year service life of the material.

Areas of use

Mineral basalt wool Isover is widely used in the field of thermal insulation. It is applied to warming of all objects of civil and industrial function. There are practically no contraindications for its use. For the installation of mineral wool, there are 4 installation methods:

• on a metal frame
• on a wooden frame,
• on bracket
• on the base profile.

It is necessary to choose the optimal method according to the characteristics of the product, in particular, this concerns the correct choice of its size and typical modification. And it is best to consult with the manufacturer. An incorrectly chosen method can lead to unforeseen circumstances such as rejection of a multilayer insulation or bulging of individual sections, as well as air gaps and cold bridges can form inside the sandwich.

Disadvantages of mineral wool

No matter how perfect a proven and technically tested material is, there are still negative sides. As for Izover mineral wool, the only negative can be pointed out: the danger of stone dust. With direct contact, it can cause bronchial asthma or allergic dermatitis, so it is recommended to work with cotton wool in overalls, gloves and a respirator.

Do-it-yourself installation of Izover mineral wool

For thermal insulation of various structures, the manufacturer has a wide range of products. The choice of thermal insulation material should be based on its characteristics (mainly density) and the manufacturer's recommendations. Mats with a low density are better suited for horizontal surfaces; for thermal insulation of walls, it is better to buy plates with a higher density.

Laying mineral thermal insulation in two layers will help eliminate the appearance of cold bridges and cracks in the structure.

Do not forget about high-quality vapor and waterproofing of the thermal insulation layer, since mineral wool is able to absorb moisture, while losing its thermal insulation characteristics. Before laying isover glass wool, waterproofing should be laid on the structure, you can use ordinary polyethylene film for this. From above, the mineral wool should be covered with a superdiffusion membrane.

How is it made

So, what is the Isover insulation? The characteristics of any insulating material depend primarily on how accurately the required technologies will be observed in the process of its production. Isover insulation is made as follows:

• Quartz sand, cullet, limestone, and other minerals are thoroughly mixed beforehand.
• The resulting mixture is melted at a temperature of 1300 gr. until a homogeneous fluid plastic mass is obtained.
• In a special installation, this liquid glass is fed from a great height onto a bowl rotating at high speed, in the walls of which there are small holes. Under the action of centrifugal force, the hot mass is squeezed out in the form of long thin threads.
• The fibers are mixed with a yellow polymer adhesive.
• The resulting sticky mass is fed into a special furnace, where it is rolled between steel shafts and blown with hot air. As a result, the glue seizes, and the layer itself is leveled.
• Finished glass wool goes under the circular saws for cutting into slabs of the required size.

Areas of application for insulation

Given the universal properties, low price and various forms of release, the use of the material can be very versatile. For example, the main areas of use of Izover are:

1. For baths and saunas, a foil isover is used.
2. Ceilings, interfloor ceilings are insulated with a less dense material.
3. Izover of increased density is used for floors and roofs.
4. It is used when installing plastic windows.
5. For insulation of balconies.
6. For insulation of basements and basements.
7. Interior partitions are insulated, taking into account the fact that the material has good sound insulation.
8. For facade insulation.

Reliable and durable material (the manufacturer declares 50 years of warranty operation) can be an excellent insulation not only for a private house, but also for an apartment, as well as for non-residential buildings. Good luck to everyone and warm homes!

Specifications

Isover- this is a heat and sound insulating material, it is used to insulate any structural elements inside and outside the building. Under this insulation, it is necessary to level the surface, since the main condition for using this insulation is a snug fit to the surface.

Main characteristics:

• low thermal conductivity;
• high level of sound insulation;
• resistance to colonization by fungus, small insects, rodents due to special impregnations;
• ease of transportation, installation provides a small weight of the material, its density is 13kg / m3;
• elasticity of the material;
• resistance to chemicals;
• long service life.

Thermal conductivity

For thermal insulation materials, thermal conductivity is the main characteristic. For various types of isover, it ranges from 0.035 to 0.044 W / mK, which is much less compared to other analogues.

Subject to the installation technology, this characteristic will not change over time. This ensures the prevention of heat loss through the supporting and enclosing structures of the building.

Soundproofing

The structure of the isover insulation, consisting of thin glass fibers and an air gap, and low dynamic stiffness create effective noise protection. It is used to provide sound insulation in structures where the sound insulation material does not carry the load.

combustibility

According to the current GOST 30244-94“Construction materials. Test methods for combustibility”, Isover belongs to the class of non-combustible materials. Therefore, it is used for insulation and soundproofing indoors for various purposes and in low-rise construction.

Isover is also used as an effective insulation in log, frame or panel wooden residential and public houses.

Vapor permeability

Isover vapor permeability is 0.50 - 0.55 mg / mchPa and is one of the main disadvantages of this material. In the absence of vapor barrier, the quality of the insulation will decrease as moisture accumulates.

With an increase in humidity by 1%, the level of thermal insulation decreases to 10%. But under the influence of temperature or sufficient ventilation, the material dries quickly.

To prevent the absorption of moisture, a vapor barrier is used, and a gap of 2–4 cm is left between the isover and the wall for ventilation.

Life time

Heat and sound insulating the quality of the material does not deteriorate over time, subject to the installation technology. For 50 years, the thermal insulation parameters of the isover in the building structures have not deteriorated.

Environmental friendliness and harmlessness

Isover made from natural materials, it does not contain harmful substances such as artificial resins, formaldehydes. It is a hypoallergenic material, safe for human life. Based on the research, the absence of harmful emissions during operation was revealed.

Insulation weight

What is the weight of the heater? Isover weight much less than similar heaters. The specific gravity of Isover is 2.5. Therefore, it is used for the insulation of buildings made of wood, cinder concrete, thin-walled bricks.

Release form

Isover produced in the form of plates and rolls in the package. The elasticity of the material allows it to be compressed in the package, which is very convenient for storage and transportation. After opening the package, the isover quickly acquires its initial dimensions. Roll sizes - length 7-14 meters, width - 1.2 meters.

Other characteristics

Double layer rolls can be divided into layers before installation. Isover should not be used at temperatures above 250 degrees Celsius.

In a humid environment isover:

• has water-repellent properties;
• slowly absorbs moisture and water.

Real Isover heaters have a certificate of conformity and comply with all safety standards listed in the requirements of the Customs Union.

Characteristics of Izover

Before you buy Izover, it will not be superfluous to learn about all the features of this material, its technical characteristics, advantages and principles of installation. A fairly wide range of species of this material is presented on the market, the parameters of which are given below:

• Thermal conductivity - 0.031-0.041 W / mK. Such a low figure leads to excellent insulation and heat saving performance with stable preservation over a long period.
• Density - 10-20 kg/m3.
• Flammability. Izover belongs to the NG class (completely non-combustible materials). Foil and semi-rigid insulation of this type belongs to the category SG (low combustible).
• Vapor permeability - 0.5-0.55 mg / mchPa. Fiberglass absorbs moisture, but releases it completely as it dries. Therefore, subject to the installation rules and the design of the ventilation gap between the layers, there are no problems with a decrease in thermal insulation properties.
• Air permeability - 120x10-6m3/m*s*Pa.

Sound insulation corresponds to high rates due to the presence of an air gap between the fiberglass.

• Period of operation. The warranty period is at least 50 years.
• Weight. Isover is light in weight, therefore suitable for installation on structures with a weak bearing load.
• Release form. This insulation is supplied to the current market in several versions - rolls, mats, plates.
• Thickness -5-10 cm with 1 or 2 layers.
• The width of the rolled canvas is 1.2 m with a length of 7-14 meters.
• The area of ​​the rolls is 16-20 meters, the plate material is produced in the size of 1 * 1 meter. Important! The price of Izover depends on the type of material, form of release and supplier.

Installation of Isover

Isover is mounted exclusively in a dry way - mainly on a frame made of metal profiles or wood.

Important! One of the advantages of using this insulation is that careful preparation of the base is not required. You can even even out all the flaws in the process of laying the canvas

And this entails not only savings on consumables, but also reduces the time spent on the entire process.

Mounting tools

To do the job you will need:

• level;
• saw;
• screwdriver;
• construction knife;
• roulette;
• construction stapler;
• marker;
• hammer;
• dowels, screws, nails;
• metallic tape.

Important! Do not forget about protective equipment, as glass dust during work can harm your health, in particular, skin and respiratory tract. Be sure to use:

• protective gloves;
• glasses;
• respirator.

Mounting Isover on the frame - instructions

The installation technology of this heater is very simple. However, to get a really high-quality result, be sure to follow the sequence of actions and the required conditions given in the instructions below.

Work progress:

Remove all construction debris and old finishing materials from walls or ceilings if you are making repairs.

1. Flatten large ledges.
2. Treat the surface with a fungicide to prevent mold growth.
3. Calculate the required number of wooden slats or metal profiles.
4. Mount the parts, maintaining a distance between the rails of 60-100 cm.

   Important! Determine the desired profile pitch, taking into account the width of the material - the width of the canvas must match.

5. Lay the vapor barrier material - foil-based films, overlapping.
6. For fastening, use mounting metallized tape.
7. Lay Isover in the frame.
8. For interior decoration - lay gypsum boards on top.
9. Putty.
10. Decorate the surface with the chosen material.

The original color for slate was gray for both wavy and flat, but due to the unsightliness and monotony of the palette, every possible attempt was made to add variety. With the help of acrylic dyes, colored slate was obtained in a range of red, brown, blue and green tones. Flat slate is characterized by a palette of both bright glossy and matte, which makes it possible to select such a product for any need.

Such an additive contributed not only to the decorative effect, but also to the improvement of the properties of the material. Dyes protect the slate from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and some other environmental factors, which significantly extends the life of the product.

When buying, it is important to pay attention to the quality of the paint. If the color is even and evenly distributed, then the material is made according to all standards.

It is also important to pay attention to the similarity of the gamut on both sides of the sheet: in high-quality products, the color should be the same. . Plastic slate can be either colored, dense or transparent

Plastic slate can be either colored, dense or transparent. The production material is polycarbonate, which is an environmentally friendly material. Such products are lightweight, so they are easy to work with and can be mounted on wooden structures without reinforcing them.

Advantages

According to numerous reviews, all the advantages and disadvantages of this material are known. The undeniable "pluses" include the following properties of the asbestos-cement sheet:

• hardness, it withstands loads quite well;
• resistance to high temperatures (in the sun it keeps the temperature normal);
• durability (everyone has seen houses covered with sheets that have stood for 50 years or more);
• fire resistance, fire resistance (it does not perceive fire at all);
• ease of processing (can be cut with the most common tools);
• complete immunity to corrosion (this is its main advantage over metal roofs);
• low cost (significantly cheaper than other blood materials);
• decent sound insulation (hail and rain will not bother);
• resistance to alkalis;
• ease of maintenance.

Specifications

Consider the main technical characteristics of various types of asbestos-cement sheets.

Bending strength index: for pressed flat sheets is about 23 MPa, for non-pressed flat sheets - 18 MPa, for sheets with seven and eight waves - 16 MPa.

The density of the sheets must be at least the specified value: for non-pressed sheets, as well as sheets with seven and eight waves, this indicator is at the level of 1.6 g / cm3, for pressed flat sheets, the indicator is at the level of 1.8 g / cm3.

The index of impact strength for pressed flat sheets is at the level of 2.5 kJ/m², for unpressed flat sheets this figure is slightly lower - 2.0 kJ/m².

Residual strength for all types of asbestos-cement sheets is at least 90%.

Pressed flat sheets of asbestos cement have the highest degree of frost resistance with a number of cycles of at least 50, for other types of asbestos cement sheets this figure is at least 25 cycles.

Gray sheets are often used, but colored sheets can also be used. In order to give the sheets a certain color, pigments are used.

Features of the composition of flat slate

Flat slate is flat rectangular sheets made of asbestos cement (chrysotile cement). It contains:

• portland cement - 80-90% (as a base);
• chrysotile asbestos - 10-20% (as a binder);
• additives - 1%.

Chrysotile asbestos is a durable magnesium silicate fiber that is resistant to alkaline cement media. Therefore, asbestos cement, in fact, is fiber cement reinforced with hard chrysotile fibers. This explains the high mechanical strength of asbestos-cement slate, its heat resistance, wear resistance and durability.

An important detail: in the composition of flat slate, chrysotile-asbestos is firmly bound to cement, so it does not evaporate into the environment. Asbestos dust can only enter human lungs when cutting slate. Therefore, for safety reasons, it is necessary to use a respirator during this event.

Environmental Safety

To date, most European countries have introduced a ban on the use of materials containing asbestos. This makes many refuse from the use of flat slate for finishing residential premises. But as studies have shown, it was more of an economic war, the purpose of which was to oust cheaper material from the market. Chrysotile asbestos is the safest of all the minerals and artificial fibers used, according to the reports of the toxicological laboratories where the studies were carried out.

In the Soviet Union and in modern Russia, traditionally plates are used containing chrysotile asbestos, the effect of which on the human body does not differ from the effect of materials containing quartz or cement.

1. When working with slate, it is enough to use a gauze bandage so that construction dust does not enter the body.
2. When dust enters the body and settles on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, it is excreted naturally.

In Europe, the main component of asbestos is amphibole, which was the reason for the ban. The half-life of this substance is 470 days, in comparison, chrysotile decomposes in 14. Popular "sustainable" ceramic fiber materials degrade in 60 days, aramid 90, and cellulose may require over 1000 days. All this data provided by laboratories in the USA, Germany and Switzerland suggests that materials produced by using asbestos it is too early. Replacing asbestos with chrysotile, in the production of slate, increases the environmental quality of the material.

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Kinds

Flat slate has only two varieties.

1. pressed- a composition of asbestos and cement, which is created using a press. The resulting material is very strong - 23 MPa, has a high density - 1.8 g / m3, and impact strength is 2.5 kJ / m2. Such material can be exposed to high and low temperatures for fifty consecutive times. After such tests, the strength is reduced to 40% of the original.
2. unpressed- the version of flat slate is inferior to the pressed one in terms of characteristics, so its strength is only 18 MPa, density characteristics - 1.6 g / m3, and impact strength indicators will decrease to 2 kJ / m2. This type of slate can retain its properties for about 25 cycles of exposure to low and high temperatures. But the performance after 25 cycles will be better than that of pressed slate twice.

Sheet slate can be used to cover the roof of a house. Roofing from such material will be reliable and durable. The thickness of the sheets should be from 8 to 10 mm, linear dimensions do not matter

The weight of the structure will turn out to be significant, therefore it is important to strengthen the frame for slate. The wood on the crate is treated with an antiseptic to prevent the appearance of microorganisms and rotting of the boards.

The horizontal row of such slate is placed end-to-end, and the vertical row is overlapped by half of a small slate sheet. You need to fasten everything with the help of metal screws, on which a press washer and a sealant are put on. Holes for them are drilled no closer than 7-10 cm to the edge.

For non-residential premises, you can use a modern version of a flat slate made of plastic. This is a transparent and very light material with which you can cover the roof of a barn, make a canopy, gazebo, and more. If you need to decorate some surface, you can use flat slate with stone chips. For a special effect, a colored variety is often used, which helps to create an imitation of natural stone. Such an additional coating not only decorates the texture of slate, but also improves its properties, increasing resistance, protecting the surface from external factors.

Scope of use of flat slate

The universal shape and excellent performance properties allow the use of flat slate in many sectors of construction. Compared to corrugated sheets, it is not often used for roofing and then, as a rule, as part of prefabricated screeds. Although quite recently, enterprises produced small-sized flat tiles - especially for covering roofs like tiles. Now their production has been discontinued.

However, some home craftsmen, wanting to get an inexpensive "tiled" roof made of asbestos cement, find a way out of the situation. And on small tiles, then to cover the roof with them. An interesting way to use, but in the official instructions for slate, it is not recommended.

In accordance with GOST 18124-2012, flat slate is used:

• when installing prefabricated screeds for roofing systems such as PKS-1, PKS-2, PKS-3, PKS-4;
• as an element of roofing in prefabricated roofing systems (for example, TN Roof-Titan and TN Roof Universal from TechnoNikol);
• as a material for interior cladding of walls and partitions;
• for facing the facades of premises for various purposes (residential, industrial, etc.);
• for the construction of structures: fences, gazebos, galleries of industrial enterprises, fences for balconies and loggias;
• for mounting boxes, slopes, window sills;
• for flooring or suspended ceilings;
• in the construction of wall panels (blocks) with "sandwich" insulation - in the construction of residential buildings, pavilions, stalls, utility blocks, etc.;
• as a permanent formwork material for foundations and walls in the construction of low-rise buildings (flat sheets in this case play the role of finishing and external retaining reinforcement for a concrete structure);
• when constructing structures for landscaping the local area, garden and vegetable garden, that is, as a material for covering paths, assembling the walls of compost pits, fencing beds, etc.;
• for the device of irrigators in cooling towers.

In addition, it is used in TechnoNikol roofing systems:

Decorative features of the material

In order to provide the consumer with a wide range of material, with the possibility of selecting it for the specific requirements of the design of the structure, flat slate is produced:

• unpainted;
• painted;
• invoiced.

Unpainted sheets are considered ordinary, they remain in the natural color for asbestos cement - gray. To obtain painted sheets, a primer layer is applied to the pressed slate, and then acrylic paint. Mass staining is performed much less frequently. The color base is selected according to the RAL, Monicolor, Tikkurila, NCS catalogs.

Textured slate is the most decorative option. There are several ways to texture the surface of asbestos-cement sheets:

• Creation of a layer of stone chips of jasper, marble, serpentine, granites. A primer is applied to the surface of the slab, then an adhesive composition, which is sprinkled with stone chips, followed by a varnish coating.
• Applying embossed prints to the raw asbestos-cement mass using special stamps, after which the sheets are painted in the usual way. As a result, flat slate gets a new texture and color, imitating wood, stone, silk, etc.
• Creating a textured polymer layer with marble or quartz filler.
• The use of iron oxide pigments as a filler, which give the slate a "metallic" color (like titanium, bronze, aluminum, etc.).
• Covering sheets with colored cement plaster, which allows you to get an unusual texture and various shades with color splashes.

Coatings with paint or stone chips not only increase the decorative properties of slate, but also play the role of a protective layer. Such sheets have increased wear resistance, wear out less and last longer. Due to the decorative component, they are used for finishing cladding of facades, installation of balcony (loggia) railings, construction of fences and other visible surfaces of structures.

Asbestos cement sheet advantages and disadvantages of this building material

Like any building material, sheet asbestos cement has a number of advantages and at the same time has certain disadvantages.

First, consider the main advantages of asbestos-cement sheets, which include:

• strength. A solid and dense sheet of asbestos cement retains its integrity, perceiving the mass of a person;
• high temperature resistance. The material retains operational properties and practically does not heat up under the influence of sunlight;
• long period of use. The durability of the material is evidenced by the roofs of buildings covered with slate more than half a century ago;
• Fire safety. Asbestos-cement material does not ignite when exposed to open flame and has refractory properties;
• ease of machining. No need to use special tools and equipment to cut sheets to size;
• moisture resistance. Asbestos-cement slate reliably blocks the way to precipitation and maintains performance when operating in conditions of high humidity;
• anti-corrosion properties. Asbestos cement is not subject to corrosion and surpasses roofing materials made of metal in this indicator;
• electrical insulation characteristics. The material is a good insulator, does not conduct electricity, ensuring safety in case of wire breaks;
• soundproofing properties. Asbestos-cement material absorbs sounds from hail and other precipitation on slate roofing;
• affordable price. Compared to other types of roofing materials, slate is much cheaper, which saves money;
• resistance to aggressive liquids. The material is resistant to alkaline environment and does not break down on contact with acid;
• maintainability. If the asbestos-cement elements of the roof are damaged, it is easy to carry out repair measures by replacing individual sheets.

Asbestos cement material is durable

Along with the advantages, slate also has weaknesses:

• in conditions of high humidity, the surface is gradually covered with moss;
• significant efforts are required to lift massive sheets;
• heavy sheets exert increased pressure on the roof structure;
• fragile material needs careful handling during transportation and installation.

To increase the moisture resistance of the material and prevent the development of moss, special primers are used. To ensure the reliability of the roof structure, beams of increased cross section are used, which are reinforced at the junctions with metal plates.

facade slabs

Asbestos-cement facade slabs are used for the installation of ventilated cladding, both in new buildings and long-standing buildings. The work is carried out very quickly, they can be carried out at any time of the year. Main advantages:

• democratic price;
• durability;
• resistance to mechanical damage;
• fire resistance;
• environmental friendliness;
• resistance to moisture and temperature extremes;
• a wide range of colors and textures.

Asbestos-cement slabs for facades are of two types: painted, covered with stone chips. The former have a smooth surface. From above they are covered with dyes that are resistant to climatic factors. The second option is asbestos-cement slabs with a rough stone surface. A crumb of natural minerals adheres to the base and creates a waterproof layer thanks to the epoxy resin that is part of the coating.

Composition and types

Flat slate, like wave slate, is made from sweeping Portland cement with asbestos fiber and water. The share of asbestos in the composition is 18%, this mineral increases the strength and toughness of the sheet. Flat slate is divided into 2 subspecies depending on the method of production:

1. Unpressed. The technical characteristics of an unpressed asbestos-cement sheet are somewhat worse than those of a pressed one. The strength of the material is 18 MPa, the density is 1.6 g / cu. cm, impact strength 2.0 kJ / sq. m. Unpressed flat slate retains its properties for 25 cycles of defrosting and freezing. But the residual strength of the sheet is 2 times higher than that of the pressed one. Non-pressed asbestos-cement sheets
2. Pressed. Asbestos-cement slate produced by pressing is in great demand in private construction. The reason for this is the high technical characteristics. The sheet has a strength of 23 MPa, a density of 1.8 g / cu. cm, impact strength 2.5 kJ / sq. m. Pressed flat slate without loss of performance can withstand 50 continuous cycles of freezing and thawing. However, after that, the sheet retains only 40% of its initial strength. Pressed asbestos-cement sheets

Important! Experienced builders prefer pressed flat slate, as the technical characteristics of this material allow it to be used in difficult conditions with high humidity, temperature changes and stress. In addition, the pressed asbestos cement sheet has more stable dimensions, since the error allowed during production is 4 mm, against 10 mm for non-pressed

Advantages and disadvantages of the material

Asbestos-cement sheets are especially popular among professionals, primarily due to the presence of the following advantages:

• sheets are hard, while they are able to withstand the weight of a person;
• such sheets are practically not warmed up by the sun's rays;
• asbestos-cement sheets are durable;
• sheets are fireproof, they are refractory, non-flammable;
• such sheets are easily processed with various tools;
• sheets are not susceptible to corrosion, in comparison with metal roofing;
• are distinguished by the presence of excellent electrical insulation characteristics;
• during rain or hail, the sheets do not conduct noise;
• low cost in comparison with other materials;
• excellent resistance to alkalis;
• it is very easy to repair such sheets, and individual sheets can be replaced.

Asbestos-cement sheets, like other materials, have their drawbacks:

• over time, moss may appear on the sheets, but at the moment its appearance can be prevented; for this, a primer is used, which can increase the hydroresistance of the sheet;
• the weight of the sheets, they are somewhat heavier compared to other materials, so in order to lift them onto the roof, it will be necessary to make an effort;
• asbestos-cement sheets are fragile, so they must be carefully transported and installed.

We guarantee you

Continuity and accuracy of deliveries

Our CEM-Cement plant has a full production cycle. All operations from the reception of raw materials to its transformation into a finished mixture take place within the walls of our workshops. Thanks to this, we can calculate with absolute accuracy the timing of the production and delivery of cement in the required volumes.

High quality products

Compliance with all standards

The development of new formulas and the improvement of existing ones takes place in our laboratory. After that, the cement enters the production, where quality control is carried out at all stages. Therefore, our company can offer a high quality mixture.

Affordable price

The cost per ton is below the average for Moscow.

Cement is offered both in non-packaged form (for large construction sites) and in strong branded 50 kg bags.

Flat slate. General information

Flat slate - a kind of wavy asbestos slate

It is produced in two types:

1. pressed and
2. unpressed.

Both are made from asbestos and Portland cement. The mixture is diluted with water, bringing to a certain consistency.

Asbestos fiber performs a reinforcing function, making flat pressed slate strong and reliable. Unpressed flat slate is made using a different technology, so it has its own differences in strength and freeze-thaw cycle, and besides, its price is significantly lower than pressed material.

Flat sheet slate is used to cover the roof with a slope of no more than 30 °, as a formwork, for fences, fences at various enterprises, as a facing material for walls. Suitable for the construction of fences for beds made of flat slate, on loggias and balconies, as well as the creation of structures for showers and sheds in suburban areas.

Advantages of flat slate sheathing

• cheapness;
• long service life;
• excellent sound insulation;
• resistant to external aggressive environment;
• does not give in to corrosion and rotting;
• fire resistance;
• does not conduct electricity;
• low labor costs for installation and repair;
• easy to install;
• you can decorate as you wish;
• economical in consumption.

Disadvantages of flat slate

• the material is heavy, so one person cannot cope with it;
• low level of environmental friendliness;
• very fragile, requires delicate handling and transportation;
• needs to be processed from moss, as well as in the process of cutting and laying;
• low level of moisture resistance, frost resistance (covered with acrylic paint for protection).

Important! All work with flat slate must be carried out in protective clothing and a respirator, since asbestos dust, penetrating into the respiratory tract, brings discomfort and is dangerous to human health. . For mounting flat slate, holes for nails need to be drilled with a larger diameter than the nail head itself

For mounting flat slate, holes for nails need to be drilled with a larger diameter than the nail head itself.

This is done in order to prevent splitting of the material in the cold (the accumulated moisture expands under the influence of low temperatures).

Nails are taken with a galvanized hat with the addition of rubber or plastic.

Note

During the laying of flat slate on the roof, bridges or special ladders are built, due to the fragility of the material, it cannot be walked on

Forget the nails carefully, because the sheets can crack or even split from impacts.

Production process

Flat sheet slate, which is produced in factories, has quality certificates and corresponds to the technological process, which is divided into stages:

1. preparation of a mixture of components;
2. molding;
3. product aging process;
4. pressing;
5. final exposure;
6. end material.

There were times when flat slate was produced in one unsightly gray shade. At the moment, the building material market can offer fastidious customers a rich color range of material with excellent performance characteristics.

Most often, this material is used for internal and external wall cladding. It has such properties that allow insulation to be laid in the gaps between it and the wall.

To ensure a pleasing appearance, many people buy flat slates in various colors.

Inside the house, such material will fit for laying interior partitions or floors. The material has sufficient density and has a thickness within 40 mm.

For floors, pressed flat slate is more suitable. Also, the material is used for the construction of ventilation shafts and traditionally for.

Pros and cons of what to value and what to fear

If you ever need to carry out the dismantling of such sheets or partial repairs, then you can safely carry out these works without disassembling the entire roofing. But a strong enough impact of stones on such material can lead to holes or cracks. Depending on the thickness of the product, it can withstand a certain wind load. But you can not worry about the appearance of bark beetle pests, do not cover with an anti-corrosion coating and not be afraid of low minus or vice versa high plus temperatures.

Such flat sheets can be successfully decorated and painted. You can paint such material yourself with the help of special paint for slate, or buy sheets already in the color that you like. This material should also be valued for its incombustibility, but at the same time its service life is only 25–30 years. The question of toxicity or non-toxicity of the material is still not closed. While we use it, in Europe, some types of slate with unsafe substances have been discontinued. At the same time, different laboratories give their arguments in defense of their position.

But the pluses of the product include the commercially available sheet sizes - now you can buy both sheets with parameters of 1000x1500 mm and 3000x1500 mm. When buying sheets, you can also give preference to a non-standard length of the material - if necessary, the manufacturer can fulfill an order for your dimensions. So whether or not to use such material in the construction of your house, garage, fence or foundation is up to you!

Characteristics of slate

Slate is produced from Portland cement, asbestos and water, mixing these components in proportions determined by the technological standard. To form a reinforcing mesh, asbestos fibers are evenly distributed in a cement solution, thereby increasing its viscosity characteristics, which makes it possible to significantly increase the resistance of the final product to stretching and impact.

In special cases, to further increase the strength of the sheet, thin metal plates are placed in it during manufacture, which greatly increase its strength and resistance to any external influence.

• Cost ↓
• Pros and cons of flat slate ↓
• Scope ↓
• Features of application and installation ↓
• What can be painted ↓
• Installation features ↓
• How to fix sheets ↓

Depending on the chosen production technology, flat slate is produced in two types: non-pressed and pressed. They differ from each other, first of all, in density characteristics, which, thanks to the pressing technology, are, of course, better than the second option, due to which it is much stronger under physical impact, more resistant to climatic factors, and therefore more durable than its non-pressed counterpart.

In accordance with the norms of the state standard, flat slabs are marked with an alphanumeric code:

• LP-P stands for flat pressed sheet.
• LP-NP - non-pressed flat sheet slate;

After the letter designation of a particular type of material, there are digital data on the size of the sheet, including not only its length and width, but also its thickness.

GOST is always indicated at the end of the marking. For example, marking data on a sheet: “LP-P-3.5x1.5x7 GOST 18124-952” stands for a sheet of flat pressed asbestos-cement slate 3.5 meters long, 1.5 meters wide and 4 mm thick, produced in accordance with the relevant GOST.

As a rule, such plates are made in the form of a rectangle, with standard sizes that have several values, for example, its length can be 3.6 m and exactly 3 m and even 2.5 m. The width, in most cases, has two values: 1.5 and 1.2 meters. The thickness of unpressed asbestos-cement sheets varies from 6 to 12 mm, but pressed plates can have a thickness of 6 to 40 mm.

Different types of sheets have different characteristics:

• the strength of the pressed sheet is at least 23 MPa, while for its counterpart it barely reaches 18 MPa;
• the density of asbestos fibers in a material made under pressure is at least 1.8 g / cm3, while for simple sheets of slate this value is 1.6 g / cm3;
• the impact strength index, measured in kJ / m2, is also higher for the material produced under pressure, and is 2.5 versus 2 usual;
• tolerability of exposure to low temperatures in the first 50 seasons, and in the second 25 cycles;
• residual strength after all frosts in press-slate is less than 40%, while in analogue it is 90%.

Also, pressing technology allows smaller errors and violations from the given dimensions.

Asbestos cement sheets are divided into several types: wavy and flat sheets. In this case, flat sheets are divided into non-pressed and pressed sheets. Corrugated sheets are used for arranging roofs on residential buildings and public buildings, as well as for outbuildings and wall fences.

Flat sheets can be used as wall panels, partitions, as well as slabs in the arrangement of ceilings and other buildings. Including this kind of asbestos-cement sheets can be used in the process of finishing work, both from the outside and from the inside of buildings.

Pressed and non-pressed sheets have the same external characteristics. Their main difference lies in different indicators regarding strength and density. Pressed sheets are additionally compacted, which makes it possible to increase their density and improve strength.

What to do if there is no slate of the right size on sale

If there are no slate sheets of the size you need on sale, then you can use such a service as cutting flat slate - it is offered by almost all manufacturers and sellers of slate. Asbestos-cement products are distinguished by the fact that cutting them does not present any particular difficulties and can even be carried out by the buyer himself already at home.

Flat slate manufacturers understand that it is impossible to produce sheets of absolutely all sizes, and the need for the construction process happens in sheets that are not on sale. Therefore, slate cutting is a ubiquitous and inexpensive service. The so-called sandwich panels are constructed using flat slate. In general, sheathing a house with flat slate is popular today, fashionable and very practical.

Facing the house with flat slate protects against weather vagaries, from excessive noise, from excessive moisture

In addition, slate has heat-saving qualities, which is very important in cold winter conditions. And in the hot summer, walls lined with slate will save the room from heating and keep the precious coolness in the house.

For purposes such as cladding, of course, thicker sheets of slate are better suited - for example, flat slate 10 mm and thicker. And flat slate 6 mm is better for decorative purposes - for example, to create any decorative buildings such as gazebos in the country or to decorate your garden plot with slate figures, to build a beautiful fence.

flat slate for aesthetic purposes also does not require thick sheets, it is enough to have a thickness that is well cut and processed at home.

Disadvantage of flat slate

The production of flat slate has been established in our country for a long time and well, so there is no shortage of this building material. Despite various rumors about whether slate is harmless, like an asbestos-cement product, it is allowed for use at facilities for various purposes, including those where there are high requirements for environmental friendliness and hygienic safety of materials.

For example, in kindergartens, schools, hospitals, wave and flat slates are actively used: both as flooring and as a means for constructing barriers. And you probably know that balconies are often equipped with slate. At one time it was very fashionable, but now it's just practical, without unnecessary aesthetic frills.

The fact that slate, in addition to all its attractive technical characteristics, is also inexpensive, is very tempting for both professional builders and private builders. Only high-end construction deliberately bypasses this functional, time-tested material.

Application of flat sheet slate

Flat sheet slate is mainly used for cladding building structures in production or residential buildings, for erecting barriers, for refurbishing balconies or loggias, for mounting wall panels and partitions, for flooring.

The moisture-resistant qualities of this material allow it to be used with particular benefit on the lower floors of buildings and in basements, where humidity is often high.

Flat slate, like wave slate, is produced in sheets that vary in thickness and area. Depending on the purpose for which the slate sheets are used, the buyer chooses one or another size. The thickness of a flat slate can be important when, for example, this material is used in order to reduce sound interference, that is, for soundproofing purposes. It is known that slate has this quality - the ability not to let excess noise into the room. If your balcony is finished with slate, then this means that the room should be much quieter than it was before.

Pros and cons of sheet slate

Modern slate is not inferior in its performance to competitors, and its low cost makes this material indispensable in private and industrial construction.

The main advantages of asbestos concrete slabs include:

1. Durability. This quality is well shown by old buildings, where the roof has not changed for several decades.
2. Hardness and strength. Any kind of slate freely withstands the weight of a person.
3. Slate is dielectric(does not conduct electricity).
4. Silent. It is not a resonator, it dampens noise well.
5. Ease in processing. It is well cut and processed by hand tools.
6. Is an non-combustible material. The disadvantage is the ability to explode under the influence of high temperatures.
7. Among other materials of this type is the cheapest due to the components used. Prices for slate range from 300 to 1000 rubles. per sheet. The cost depends on the quality, overall dimensions and type of material.
8. The low coefficient of temperature deformation ensures a long service life.

The disadvantages, which are not so many, include:

1. Big weight sheets. A standard plate weighs about 30 kilograms.
2. Weak water resistance. You can get rid of it if you treat the slate with a special solution.
3. Presence in slate asbestos. When working, it is better to protect the respiratory tract.

Chrysotile cement and asbestos cement sheet differences

Asbestos, water and cement are used in the production of asbestos-cement and chrysotile-cement sheets. Among themselves, the products differ only in the types of asbestos. There are two main types:

1. Chrysotile.
2. Amphibole and its varieties.

Asbestos are fine-fibrous silicate minerals with different crystal structure and chemical composition. The fibers of amphibole asbestos are brittle and brittle. Easily disintegrate into tiny particles. When inhaled, asbestos dust lingers and accumulates in the lung tissue. May cause lung cancer. Amphibole asbestos is stable in neutral and acidic environments. Its use is limited.

Chrysotile cement asbestos, on the contrary, is resistant to alkalis. Decomposes with acids into amorphous components. It does not accumulate in the body. Its tensile strength fibers are not inferior to steel. Chrysotile is considered less hazardous to health. It is widely used for the manufacture of asbestos-cement products (more than 300 types).

Process Requirements

There are a number of requirements to consider when cutting flat slate sheets. Workers must wear gloves

In addition, it is important to wear a respirator and goggles. This will help protect against harmful asbestos dust.

Even if you cut with two people (one cuts, the other adds water), particles of slate can get into your eyes. The assistant must be careful when directing the jet of water at the disc. If you get on the grinder, the power tool can not only break, but also cause injury. It is better to cut the sheets in advance, before the installation begins.

When working with a grinder, you can not put much pressure on the tool. The slate is quite fragile, so with a lot of pressure it can break. Turnovers must be set to medium. If in one pass it was not possible to cut off the desired piece of sheet, you should walk a second time along the same line. You need to try not to break the slate, but to saw through it. With strong pressure, it can break at all out of line. In addition, flat slate should not be overheated. To do this, it is better not to keep it near an open flame.

Before sawing the sheet, it is worth moistening the cut line with water. Before that, it is outlined with a pencil. Along the intended line, you need to lay rags soaked in water. In this position, the slate is left for 3 hours. As a result, it becomes elastic. Wet material is easy to cut with a grinder, a jigsaw, and even a hacksaw.

Production composition and process description

Sheet slate production technology consists of several stages:

1. In a pre-prepared sheet form a layer of Portland cement mixture is poured water based;
2. Asbestos fibers are evenly distributed over the entire plane of the future sheet, which will give a high level of impact strength, and the strength of the product directly depends on it;
3. Another layer of cement is poured on top. After the sheet is given the required size;
4. Before sending the finished product to dry, the sheet is pressed (if it is part of the production process);
5. Then the finished sheet is sent to dry.

The asbestos share in each sheet according to GOST standards is 18%.

Two types of flat slate are produced:

• pressed;
• not pressed.

The difference between them is in strength, hence the duration of operation: non-pressed - 25 years, pressed - 50. Therefore, non-pressed slate is most often used for indoor decoration

The price of pressed slate is correspondingly higher.

The characteristics of the finished flat slate are influenced by the quality of the asbestos, the diameter of its fibers, their length, even the composition of the asbestos, how strongly it is mineralized or how finely it is ground. The equipment on which flat slate is made is also important, the more modern it is, the higher the quality.

The error in the production of pressed flat slate is 4 mm, and not pressed 8 mm. Previously, slate could only be bought in gray. Now there is a choice of different shades.

Coating properties

You can independently protect the slate from moisture, in any suitable color. This, firstly, will increase the service life, and secondly, it will add aesthetics to the general background of the building. It will also significantly reduce the harmfulness of asbestos.

Scope of application

Due to its price and properties, asbestos cement is widely used in a wide variety of construction areas. Corrugated asbestos-cement sheets are well known as an inexpensive and high-quality replacement for roof tiles. The industry produces slate in different colors and shades, so each buyer has the opportunity to choose a color that will harmoniously fit into the design of the house.

Flat sheets are used for the construction of outbuildings - workshops, warehouses, utility rooms, change houses, etc. At the same time, not only the low price and reliability of the material are highly valued, but also the ability to build a building of the required size in a short time.

In agriculture, it is used for the construction of fences, pens for livestock, cages in poultry farms.

In addition, sandwich panels are made from flat asbestos-cement sheets in the construction of low-rise buildings. They are also used for the installation of a roofing pie, internal and external partitions that do not experience load. Such sheets are indispensable in the construction of ventilation shafts, ducts, window lintels, etc.

It is advantageous to use flat asbestos-cement panels for the manufacture of fixed formwork - this helps save time on pouring concrete structures, where the slate, after the mortar has solidified, acts as a cladding.

Varieties of asbestos-cement sheets

This material has two varieties:

• flat;
• wavy.

Flat sheets are produced in accordance with GOST 18124-95, they can be pressed/non-pressed. They have no external differences, the types of asbestos-cement sheets differ solely in technical characteristics (density, strength). For pressed, these figures are higher.

Wavy sheets must comply with GOST 30340-95. They also have several subspecies, which are distinguished depending on the nature of the profile:

• ordinary;
• reinforced;
• unified;
• average;
• Central European.

Sheets are mainly produced in gray (unpainted), there are also colored options, in their manufacture the initial mass is dyed with pigments.

Slate cutting

When using this material, the question often arises of what. The fact that it is very difficult to cut a wave is understandable, but there are no such difficulties with a flat one. It is best that when cutting the material there is a minimum of dust, which is harmful not only to the tool that is used to work, but also to the master himself.

Important! In no case should slate be sawn indoors.

There are several ways to cut slate, which may well be applicable at home.

Cutting slate with no dust

In order to give a sheet of flat slate the desired size, it is easiest to break it. So there will be less dust and the minimum amount of time will be spent. Most importantly, slate breaks very easily due to its structure, in which fibers are present. But when breaking, you need to be extremely careful not to damage the corners of the sheet. There are several ways to carry out this procedure carefully:

1. Break along the line. To begin with, a line is marked along which it is necessary to break, a rail is laid on the cut line, then uniform pressure is applied to the part to be broken off and the slate is broken off along the intended line. Important! You can simplify the task by cutting a small hole along the entire fracture line.
2. Break with a nail. To begin with, again, marking is done with a pencil. This line is marked with a sharp nail, and then nails are driven into it at a distance of 2 cm from each other. After pressing on the slate, the sheet will break along the punctured line.
3. Cutter cutting. For this process, you will need a quality cutter made of good steel. It is necessary to lay a sheet of slate on a flat surface and draw a cut line on it. Later, this line should be expanded with a cutter, and then put a rail under the sheet parallel to the notch and press on the slate. Important! It is better not to apply a lot of force, as the slate can crack. It is better to knock on especially strong areas with the side of a hammer.

Cutting slate with special tools

If there is one of the special tools for cutting building materials in the arsenal, then you can use it.

cutting grinder

To do this, you need to have a grinder with a diamond disc. She will be able to cut a large amount of slate into the desired size parts. And with the help of this tool, you can do it quickly and safely. The only negative in the whole process will be the presence of a large amount of dust, so it is necessary to protect the eyes and respiratory organs, and work should be carried out only on the street. You need to work as a grinder, holding it with one hand and dragging it towards you. Under its own weight, the tool will cut flat slate more efficiently.

With the help of a diamond wheel, along with cutting, the edge of the slate sheet will also be additionally polished. To avoid overheating of the tool, it must operate at a power of about 3000 rpm. You can also use a grinder to simply make an incision on the material, and then break it.

Cutting with an electric saw and chisel

This is the most traditional way of cutting flat slate and is practiced by most professional builders. To begin with, the future cut is measured with a ruler, and notches are made with a chisel on each side. The slate is laid on a flat surface, which has a bar on it, so that its edge coincides with the intended line

The material is carefully broken.

If no fracture has occurred, then you can cut the slate with a circular saw with periodic wetting.

Cutting with an electric jigsaw

An ordinary jigsaw is unlikely to be suitable for large volumes of slate cutting, but a unit with a high-carbon steel nozzle will do an excellent job of this task.

Also suitable is the jigsaw, in the set with which there is a saw, each clove of which is equipped with a victorious tip. This tool can also cut holes and arcs.

Saw cutting

A Teflon-coated saw does an excellent job with flat slate. It helps protect the saw from abrasion and reduces friction with the material itself. Such a saw is not much different in cost from a regular saw, but when cutting, less dust is obtained and the process is faster.

Important! The larger the teeth of the saw, the faster the cutting of slate goes.

Cutting and installation of slate

Important! For cutting or drilling material, it is necessary to choose a tool that will ensure minimal dust generation. . The most elementary method is to break off the necessary pieces of slate

The structure of the material allows this to be done without much difficulty, and without the risk of cracks in the remaining part of the flat slate.

The most elementary method is to break off the necessary pieces of slate. The structure of the material allows this to be done without much difficulty, and without the risk of cracks in the remaining part of the flat slate.

This procedure can be done at home, since there will be practically no dust. It is important not to break off from the corners, because it will not work out exactly.

In order to break off a piece of the required size, draw a break line on the slate, make a couple of 1 mm holes, place the slate on the surface so that this line is on the edge, then press on the material and break it off.

Cutting tools

You can also use tools:

Bulgarian

It is better to work in pairs, because there will be a lot of dust. For example, you are cutting and a companion is pouring water on the cutting disc and cutting line, the dust particles bind and turn into dirt.

Diamond circle

When working, be sure to use protective equipment, and grind the slate sections.

Cutter

Draw a cutter along the marked line until a furrow is formed and break the material.

Electric jigsaw

To work with flat slate, you do not need to buy a tool with a lot of power. In this case, a less powerful tool would be a better choice, since the slow operation ensures the process is simple and reliable, and there will be less dust.

Important! It is not recommended to use a hacksaw for sawing flat sheet slate. The process will be long and labor-intensive, and there is a lot of dust.

Flat slate installation

After the material is prepared for work, you can begin the installation process. To fix the flat slate on the roof, it is necessary to make holes for self-tapping screws in it. In this case, this is the best fastener, since self-tapping screws have a washer and gasket, they do not need to be driven in like nails, and deformation of the slate will not happen. Do not forget that a layer of waterproofing must be applied to the roof.

For mounting walls or leveling them, you need to apply a profile and make the necessary structure, which is sheathed with flat slate. For fastening sheets, a clamp is used, which is able to fix 2 parts of the slate and ensure the strength and reliability of the structure.

The side of the flat slate facing the street must be additionally treated with protective agents against moisture; for this, acrylic paints are taken. On the inside, plaster is applied, leveled and sanded, thus preparing the surface for finishing. For final work, colored flat slate is suitable.

How to cut slate without dust

Due to the lack of a profile, flat slate is cut so easily that it can even be broken without fear of damaging large parts of the sheet. This option is also suitable for those who decide to cut the slate indoors. Breaking the slate is very easy. This is due to its fibrous structure.

It is important not to damage the corners, making the break line as even as possible.

How to break thin slate:

• mark the fault line with a pencil;
• make several holes with a diameter of 1 mm along it;
• lay the slate on a table or flat surface so that the break line is on the edge;
• evenly press on the part to be broken off.

You can also make a special device - a bar with nails every 2-3 cm. With it, you can easily fill a line of holes, along which the sheet will break. However, experience is needed to apply this method.

If you choose how to cut flat slate, the easiest way is to purchase the following tools:

1. Bulgarian with a circle for a stone. It's better to work together. One worker will cut the slate, and the second will add water to the cutting line and to the disk itself. For this, a bottle with a hole in the lid is prepared in advance. Thanks to this method, asbestos dust turns into dirt and flows from the processed piece to the ground.
2. You can apply a more costly way - to use a diamond wheel. In this case, the presence of protective equipment is mandatory. You can also cut in multiple directions and grind edges. The disk used will last long enough - it can be used throughout the entire process.
3. If there is no cutting machine, you should use a jigsaw. It would be better if it had lower revs. It is important not to press hard on the sheet so that it does not deform.
4. The cutter also does a great job of cutting flat slate. The material must be laid on a hard surface, then mark the cut line. Then, using a ruler, you need to draw along the intended line of risk. After performing 2-3 passes with a cutter, the risk noticeably deepens. After that, the slate sheet is placed on the rail (it should be under the cut line) and pressed on the detachable part.

The longest and most inconvenient way to cut slate is with a hacksaw for wood or metal. However, with such a tool, the sheet can only be cut along a straight line. For example, when equipping the exit point of the chimney pipe, it will not work with a hacksaw

Cutting material must be done with extreme caution. It is easy to damage it if carelessly pressed.

Properties and characteristics of the material

At the heart of a flat slate sheet is a special substance - asbestos, which is part of many building materials. Such mineral raw materials are relatively inexpensive, but at the same time, they are of high quality. Recently, it has become clear that the use of asbestos-containing materials is harmful to the environment, but this is not an indicator that stops consumers from using this material.

Flat slate deserves a place of honor among developers due to its excellent performance in terms of hygroscopicity, as well as airtightness. In addition, it is very durable and easy to handle.

This material differs from the wavy counterpart that everyone is used to seeing on the roofs of houses. Wavy slate is much more rigid, but thin, but flat slate is thicker, but is the most fragile. Its thickness is usually from 4 to 5 mm, but there is one that has a thickness index in the range of 10 mm. Such material is often used to decorate the roof of outbuildings. It is affordable and of high quality.

Depending on the manufacturing technology, flat profile slate can be pressed and not pressed. The first option has excellent strength characteristics, so it is made with a sheet size much larger than not pressed.

At the moment, the use of a flat slate sheet is to finish various elements of buildings, for example, the foundation. Also, the material is used in the design of household buildings.

Spheres of use of flat slate

Pressed flat slate is used in various construction fields and for various purposes, in particular:

• For carrying out the design of the structure in the ventilation shafts.
• For the manufacture of lintels for windows and window sills.
• For flooring in industrial premises.
• For cladding buildings inside and out.
• For the manufacture of sandwich panels.
• For the construction of outbuildings, such as aviaries, toilets and others.

Advice! It can be an excellent basis for mounting a fence, as such a structure will serve its owners for a long time and will delight with a laconic appearance.

Using slate in the country

The low cost of the material played a role, and this material interested summer residents and gardeners. Flat slate material is actively used for arranging summer cottages of our fellow citizens.

It is very convenient to make with it a side along the perimeter of the beds. Thanks to him, the bed turns out to be somewhat elevated, but the water from it does not flow down the paths when watering. It is very convenient that such strips of material weigh a little and it is easy to cut them, which greatly simplifies their installation and allows even a woman to cope with the work.

For example, for a summer residence you can do. Such a fence will serve its owners longer than, for example, a wooden one, since it will absolutely not be exposed to insect pests.

Often in summer cottages you can find exterior decoration with this material of various buildings. This is also justified, since thanks to this design, much less noise will come into the room. In addition, the structure will be protected from atmospheric phenomena, negative chemically affected environment, and slate will not allow the building to catch fire, and will not conduct electric current.

Flat slate for foundation

The foundation is the basis of any structure, therefore, the further operation of the building depends on its quality. Despite the fact that now there is a huge variety of materials, flat slate is also used to make the foundation.

For example, it can be used for mounting formwork. In this case, the surface of the base is perfectly flat, which will simplify the work on further waterproofing the basement. You can, of course, use plywood or planed boards for these purposes, but this will significantly increase costs.

Application of slate sheets

Chrysotile cement flat sheets are widely used:

• As formwork for foundations and walls.
• In the design of ventilated facades (facade slabs).
• As roofing material for pitched roofs.
• In the design of sandwich panels.
• When decorating balconies.
• For floors, ceilings, window sills, door and window slopes.
• In irrigation devices of cooling towers.
• During the construction of premises for keeping birds and animals.
• When finishing gas stations, service stations and car washes due to fire resistance, non-corrosion, as well as resistance to technical fluids and detergents.

Until recently, the industry produced flat tiles from asbestos cement. Today its release is suspended. If desired, a large sheet can be cut into plates of the desired size using a grinder, but in this case it is necessary to use personal protective equipment.

You can see details about flat slate, the subtleties of choosing a material and options for its use on the page

Classification according to GOST

The production and dimensions of flat slate are fully spelled out in GOST 18124−2012. The shape of the product is rectangular, the deviation from the size is not more than 5 millimeters. Deviation in the horizontal plane is not more than 4 mm for a pressed product, designated LPP, and 8 mm for an unpressed product - LNP.

After the letter marking, there is a digital designation of dimensions, the length and width are indicated in meters, and the last digit, thickness, in millimeters. GOST also regulates the area of ​​​​use of the material, starting from the roofs of residential buildings and garages, and ending with agricultural use. The percentage component of asbestos in the initial solution is determined by the value of 18%.

Types of flat slate

In accordance with GOST 18124-2012, two types of flat asbestos-cement slate are produced: pressed and unpressed.

Pressed sheets removed from the sizing drum are additionally subjected to pressure compaction. The manufacturing technology of non-pressed products does not provide for such a procedure.

In the symbol of slate sheets, there is always an alphabetic abbreviation of the type of product. Flat non-pressed sheets are designated as LPN. Pressed flat sheets - like BOB.

Unpressed slate is less durable and dense than pressed slate. But it has less weight and is easier to handle. LPN can be cut, sawn, drilled without much physical effort. They are easy to fix on horizontal and vertical surfaces with screws. Accordingly, non-pressed slabs are very convenient for finishing and roofing work. They are used for sheathing walls and partitions inside buildings, for installing ceilings, for mounting fences, as a leveling screed in a roofing prefabricated pie.

Pressed slate, due to the additional compression of its structure under pressure, is characterized by higher strength, density, impact strength and durability. LPP is recommended for use in cladding and assembly of structures exposed to aggressive environments and the risk of fire.

Pressed slate is resistant to corrosion, chemical and biological substances, elevated temperatures. It does not burn, does not evaporate harmful substances. Therefore, its use is popular at gas stations, car washes, service stations, workshops and spray booths. LPP is also used for cladding facades and interiors of buildings, for creating prefabricated wall panels, enclosing structures, floor surfaces, roofing cakes (as a screed). The increased strength and load-bearing capacity makes pressed sheets a suitable material for permanent wall and foundation formwork. An additional advantage of LPP is increased wear resistance, which allows the sheets to be reused after dismantling.

Application

High strength and long service life significantly expand the possibility of using flat slate. In addition to the usual use for roofing, there are other areas where it turns out to be an indispensable assistant. It is better to take colored slate right away - the factory color is better and more durable.

When covering the roof, remember that the minimum slope of the sheet must be at least 15 degrees. Otherwise, when it rains and strong side winds, water will fall under the roof slope.

Flat slate for beds

In addition to its main purpose, as a building material, slate is successfully used on household plots for beautiful design and arrangement of beds. Special one and a half meter narrow strips are produced. Flat slate for beds allows you to protect the root system from pests, but due to the additional heating from the leaf, the earth requires more water.

Flat slate formwork

A good and inexpensive alternative to wood or metal formwork is non-pressed slate construction. When constructing the foundation formwork, asbestos cement sheets can not be dismantled - this will additionally waterproof and insulate the foundation of the house. If you still decide to remove them, before installation, it is necessary to treat the inner surface of the sheet with a specialized solution.

Internal finishing with sheet slate

In a private house, walls and ceilings can be sheathed with flat slate. This is especially true for country houses, where the owners live during the warm period, and during the period of rains and cold weather, the house is not heated and becomes damp. Also, this option is great for the basement. Unlike drywall sheets, slate does not rot and does not absorb moisture, which allows you to keep the interior clean and avoid the unpleasant smell of dampness. To improve the water-repellent properties, it is recommended to paint.

slate fence

Ease of installation, low price, the ability to paint in any color make it possible to use asbestos-cement sheets as a fence for houses and adjacent areas. Such a fence is not subject to rot and corrosion. As an addition, it is desirable to strengthen the ends of the sheets with metal corners - to increase the strength of the entire structure.

Facade finishing

Pressed slate can be used as a replacement for sandwich panels. A layer of insulation is laid under it and the sheets are installed. The immunity of the material to sudden changes in temperature, the ease of processing and finishing with your own hands make it an inexpensive and alternative option.

Foliage slate on the floor

Flat sheets can be laid on the floor as a base for tiling. Their laying will provide a flat surface, waterproofing and additional insulation of the base. Unlike DSP, slate can be laid in a bathroom and other rooms with high humidity.

Types of flat slate

Today, the industry produces two types of sheet slate - pressed and unpressed. There is no fundamental difference between them, it is only in technical specifications.

The main characteristics of flat slate:

Pressed slate, has smaller error linear dimensions, the permissible deviation for it is only 4 millimeters, and for unpressed slate 8. Sometimes unscrupulous sellers in stores give out unpressed slate for pressed. To avoid this before buying, carefully study the label located on the sheet.

The marking looks like this: LP-NP-1.5×1.0×6 GOST. It stands for:

• LP - flat sheet;
• NP - unpressed, the letter "P" is used to designate pressed slate.

The numbers indicate the dimensions of the sheet, expressed in meters:

• 1.5 - length;
• 1.0 - width;
• 6 - sheet thickness, expressed in millimeters.

The main dimensions of slate entering the retail trade are:

• thickness - 6, 8; 10 millimeters;
• width - 1200, 1500 millimeters;
• length - 2500, 3000, 3500 millimeters.

Slate sizes 40×60 centimeters in retail chains is extremely rare and is used as a roofing material.

Advantages and disadvantages

Flat slate is used in many areas of construction, it is considered one of the most popular materials for roofing, construction of outbuildings, facade cladding, walls. The following advantages make the asbestos-cement sheet so popular:

• Affordable price. A sheet of size 1.5x1.0 m, the thickness of which is 10 mm, costs in hardware stores in the range of 300-350 rubles. Pressed flat slate is considered the cheapest material used for roofing. The price of this coating is 2-2.5 times lower than on.
• Durability. Judging by the buildings of the Soviet era, it can be assumed that the life of an asbestos-cement sheet 10 mm thick, with proper maintenance, exceeds 30-40 years, declared by the manufacturers.
• Fire resistant. Due to its high refractory properties, asbestos cement sheet is used as insulation for installation sites of heating equipment or chimneys.
• Strength. The asbestos-cement pressed sheet with a thickness of 8-10 mm can easily withstand the average weight of a person, so it is not afraid of mechanical damage.
• Ease of installation and repair. The installation and reconstruction of the slate sheet does not require special tools and skills. You can replace a damaged sheet with your own hands without disassembling the roofing completely.
• Versatility. The sizes of flat slate are various. Manufacturers produce materials with a sheet thickness of 6, 8, 10 and even 30 mm, a length of 1.5 - 3 m, a width of 1 - 1.5 m. Most often, damage to asbestos cement occurs when builders cut flat slate. Dimensions are selected so as to make as few cuts as possible. Standard sizes of flat asbestos cement sheets

Important! Asbestos, from which slate sheets are made, carries a potential hazard to human health. Getting into the respiratory tract and mucous membranes, it irritates them, causes coughing, itching

However, asbestos dust is only released during cutting and making holes in the slate. To protect against it during work, use a respirator soaked in water, goggles.

The disadvantages of asbestos cement are considered to be a potentially harmful composition, high weight and low resistance to moisture penetration. depending on the size is 25-30 kg. Considering how much it weighs, a reinforced crate, a reliable truss frame, will be equipped for installation. The problem with waterproofing is solved by applying a special paint that gives an attractive color and creates a protective film that does not allow water to pass through.

Weight of unpressed and pressed flat asbestos cement

slate roof

Flat slate is used for the construction of roofs as a roofing material. This process has a number of features:

1. For roofing, pressed flat slate 8-10 mm thick is used. Thinner sheets do not have sufficient strength, and thicker ones are too heavy.
2. Since the weight of an asbestos cement sheet with a thickness of 10 mm 1.5x1.0 m is 29 kg, the rafter frame and the roof sheathing are reinforced. Rafters with a section of 100x150 mm are installed in increments of no more than 80-100 cm, and the laths of the crate are made from boards of 50x50 mm. All wood is treated with an antiseptic compound. Flat slate roof
3. Sheets are laid in a run to avoid long longitudinal seams, poorly protected from moisture penetration. Horizontal rows of flat slate are mounted in a joint, and vertical ones with an overlap up to half the length.
4. Stainless steel self-tapping screws with a press washer and a rubber seal are used as fasteners. Self-tapping screws do not deepen, but leave a small gap to avoid damage. In order not to split the sheet, holes are drilled no closer than 70-100 mm from the edge. Installation of asbestos cement sheets on the crate
5. To give the roof the desired shade and enhance protection against moisture penetration, use a special one. The surface is primed before application. Damage to the roof of flat asbestos cement

Note! The hammer and nails used to install wave slate are not suitable for flat. Too much hammer blow is often the cause of sheet splitting

If the installation is performed by an inexperienced craftsman, the material is purchased with a margin of 10-15% for culling.

The excellent performance characteristics of flat asbestos cement, as well as modern production technologies, make it possible to create a durable, spectacular roofing, the appearance of which cannot be compared with the monotonous wavy slate.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of flat slate are much greater than disadvantages, that is why this building material is especially effective in the Russian construction industry.

• Profitable price;
• Material strength that withstands all the adult;
• fire resistance, but if open fire is directed at the slate, it can “shoot” with fragments;
• Has properties dielectric;
• Sustainability from corrosion and decay;
• high UV protection and electromagnetic radiation;
• Thermal stability;
• Good withstand temperature fluctuations, severe frost or heat;
• Even after the end of the guaranteed period, the percentage of subsequent freeze-thaw 80% ;
• flat slate easy to install.

Now about the negative side of this building material:

• high weight. Weight is the main obstacle, without additional help it will not work to install it alone;
• Contains asbestos, therefore, it is necessary to work with it taking precautions;
• Poor waterproofing, therefore, additional processing is required with special solutions during installation, otherwise moss begins to sprout on the slate in the future;
• When cutting sheets the edges of the slate also need to be processed so that the building does not collapse in the future;
• Slate is a rather fragile material. especially during transportation.

The cost-effectiveness and durability of flat slate has been tested over the years, take at least old buildings. So proper processing with special tools during installation guarantees a service life of even 100 years.

Flat slate or csp which is better

With a similar manufacturing technology and external similarity, DSP and slate have the main difference in the components included in the material. The composition of the cement-bonded particle board includes wood filler - against asbestos and composite materials in slate. Possessing great environmental friendliness, DSP is advisable to use in interior decoration.

The presence of wood fibers causes a high moisture permeability of the plate. Therefore, it is not suitable in rooms with high humidity, roofs and exterior walls of the building. It is impossible to use chipboard as a material for a fence and agricultural needs.

Already after 20 cycles of freezing / thawing, it loses 50% of its strength, this is not taking into account that it can be exposed to moisture all year round. So the range of application of slate sheets is wider. Asbestos-cement sheet is more versatile, although it is harmful to health if used improperly.

Features of laying flat slate on the roof

For wall cladding with flat slate, problems should not arise, but in order to cover the roof you need to know a few important features.

The slate is stored in a film in a horizontal position, it is worth removing the packaging only before starting work. Prepare everything necessary protective equipment, this is useful for cutting sheets. There should be a crate under the slate, which must be done correctly. You should purchase special nails for slate in advance.

The slate is laid in such a way that the overlap was on the tucked side, and for convenience, pull the twine over the eaves, and already along it you can begin to lay the first rows.

It should be noted that the crate should be solid and it must be marked in advance in the form of a grid. The grid size is 23.5 by 22.5 centimeters, and the slope must be at least twenty degrees.

The general laying technology does not differ from wave slate, the sheets are also mounted from the bottom up, and the overlaps should be on the leeward side. Another feature of laying flat slate is that each an odd row must be started from a whole sheet, and even from the half, then there will not be one continuous joint on the roof.

Flat slate is practically no different from wave slate, it is good to use it for beds, as well as for wall cladding, laying roofs and floors for non-new houses, where it makes no sense to buy expensive material. Flat slate is in no way inferior in beauty to other materials, varied in color and looks pretty good.

Best buy asbestos cement pressed slate, because it is denser and therefore stronger, as for asbestos, bourgeois plates are produced today, but these sheets do not contain it, and harmful substances are not emitted into the environment, and no other fibers are used. In addition, slate cannot be compared with concrete tiles, because tiles break during installation and does not work for bending. Even though pressed slate is much more expensive, it is much better, so don't be stingy or it will end up costing you even more later.

Best for wall cladding acidide, also it is suitable for the manufacture of partitions. Everyone can afford the price, yes, we are not rich people, we cannot afford to buy more expensive material, although I do not argue that it is better, but slate is an excellent replacement for it, while it has the same qualities. Everywhere has its pros and cons, and expensive materials are no exception, so if it’s not possible to buy beautiful, then we’ll take quality.

The use of flat slate for beds

Material properties

Summer residents and gardeners know how much effort needs to be invested in order to create neat beds on the land. In this case, by the way, slate will have to be used, which will show its best qualities:

• durability;
• resistance to putrefactive processes in contact with the earth and plants;
• has a presentable appearance;
• simple and easy to install.

Important! Before you start laying sheets, the material must be inspected for chips, cracks and various defects. If there is a need, the slate is cut

How to make beds from flat slate with your own hands?

• For this purpose, use flat slate of different colors, at your own discretion.
• The standard size for a flat slate is 1.75 cm in length. In order to avoid waste during work, the sheet is cut into two halves, thus forming the width of the beds.
• To connect the sheets to each other, metal corners are used, which are pre-cut to a certain size and make holes for the bolts in them. Then these places need to be painted over in order to avoid corrosion.

With this method of formation, the beds will be located 10 cm above the ground level, which contributes to better heating of the soil. When deepening the flat slate by 15 - 20 cm into the ground, protection will be created from the roots getting into the beds.

Important! In order to avoid damage to the slate, you first need to dig a trench, and not drive it into the ground.

Pros and cons of flat slate

The main advantages of flat slate include its following features:

1. Relatively low price. The components included in its composition provide it with the cheapest cost compared to other sheet analogues.
2. Long service life confirmed by time on the example of old buildings with slate roofs.
3. incombustibility, even under the influence of an open source of flame. In case of fire, such a coating does not burn by itself, although under the influence of high temperature it bursts, making loud sounds such as shots.
4. High levels of hardness and strength, allowing it not to break even under the weight of a person standing on it.
5. Does not create additional noise when precipitation occurs in the form of rain or hail.
6. Slate itself is a dielectric, which means it not only does not conduct current, but also does not susceptible to corrosive processes like metal coatings.
7. Ease of installation and handling. Sheets from it are easily cut with a hand saw, not to mention the grinder.
8. It is also an important feature for maintaining a comfortable temperature inside the building, especially in the hot summer period is that, due to its properties and light color, it does not attract the sun's rays, and therefore does not heat up in the heat. By the way, this is the secret of its durability, because the less the material is heated, the less it is subject to thermal expansion, which leads to deformation of the structure of most materials.

Originally conceived as a roof covering, such slate has a minimum of negative properties:

1. This type of slate is produced using asbestos, which adversely affects human health by releasing toxic dust into the surrounding space.
2. Relatively large sheet weight, in comparison with modern materials for roofing, and hence the increased load on the supporting structures of the building. For example, only one ordinary plate 1750x1120x8 mm creates a load of 31 kg.
3. Not very good water resistance which over the years leads to the growth of moss right on the slate slabs, get rid of which, however, is easy using special solutions.

Features of application and installation

What can be painted

Flat slate sheets are necessarily painted, which significantly increases their performance, because asbestos-cement sheets protected by paint are more resistant not only to fracture, but also to water and low temperatures.

Painted slate does not emit toxic asbestos particles into the surrounding space and moss or lichen cannot grow on it, which, as a rule, is the “decoration” of a conventional wave roof covering.

For painting flat boards, special acrylic or silicone paints are mainly used., as well as liquid plastic, which after application form a protective film that increases their service life by at least 2 times.

Mounting Features

Fixing flat slabs on any flat surface does not pose any additional difficulties. But, as with any specific materials, during this operation it is necessary to take into account the installation features:

1. Firstly, since such sheets are mainly intended for roofing work, due to their significant weight, increased requirements are placed on the reliability of the roof truss system, which must withstand the considerable weight of the flooring itself and the increased ice and snow load in winter.
2. Secondly, the method of laying flat slabs involves their displacement, in order to avoid the formation of long seams, which are usually the weak point of the roof and are more susceptible to water penetration. Just as in the case of other roofing materials, the laying of such sheets is carried out only with an overlap. Thus, even when a longitudinal row of boards is mounted end to end, boards from adjacent rows are offset and overlapped by half the length of the underlying row, so that all joints are completely covered.
3. Thirdly, it without fail requires the organization of roof waterproofing with special films, serving as a hydro-barrier.

How to fix sheets

Unlike conventional wave material, which can be fixed on the roof with standard nails driven through it into the rafters, its flat counterpart for installation requires high-quality wood screws with a special press washer that has a rubber gasket that prevents water from entering the gap between it and the fasteners .

By the way, for drilling holes for self-tapping screws, hard alloy soldered drills are used. And when drilling, always observe an indent from the edge of the sheet of at least 70 mm, so as not to cause a crack in the slab.

Price

Today, asbestos-cement slate slabs are sold at different prices depending on the specific manufacturer, but there are two natural trends in their cost:

1. Firstly, the price for them, as, indeed, for any other, is primarily determined by the thickness of the slate sheet, as well as its length and width;
2. Secondly, due to better characteristics and longer production times, pressed boards are always slightly more expensive than non-pressed boards. For example, a plate with dimensions of 3000x1500x12 mm in LPP version costs 1318 rubles, and a similar LPN type costs 1186 rubles.

From which it follows that by preferring a cheaper material to the second, it will not be possible to save a lot, because of the low difference between them, which can only matter when purchasing large lots with low performance requirements.

By standard sizes, asbestos-cement slabs have approximately the following prices:

• 3000x1500x12 mm: LPN - 1185 rubles, BOB -1315 rubles;
• 3000x1200x12 mm: LPN - 973 rubles, BOB -1108 rubles;
• 2000x1500x10 mm: LPN - 590 rubles, BOB - 810 rubles;
• 1500x1000x6 mm: LPN - 202 rubles, BOB -260 rubles;
• 1750x1070x6 mm: LPN - 260 rubles.

Advantages and disadvantages of slate

To better understand whether flat slate is suitable for use in a particular building situation, it will be useful to outline its pros and cons.

The most significant benefits:

• Wear resistance and mechanical strength.
• Durability, which is on average 25-50 years.
• High bending strength, due to which the sheets are not deformed under the influence of a layer of snow (on the roof) or concrete masses (as formwork walls).
• High fire resistance. Slate refers to fireproof, refractory and non-combustible materials.
• Resistance to aggressive environments - chemical and biological. Slate is not subject to corrosion, neutral to alkalis and industrial atmospheric emissions. The material is resistant to microorganisms, it does not rot and is not damaged by insects.
• Moisture resistance. Sheets of flat slate do not let water through and are an excellent waterproofing material.
• Resistance to temperature changes.
• Frost resistance, allowing the use of slate in any climatic zones, even in the Far North.
• Easy installation, simple repairs.
• Undemanding in operation.
• Low price compared to similar materials.

Disadvantages to be aware of:

• Fragility, which often leads to breaking sheets already at the installation stage. This feature requires laying in the estimate an additional amount of material. At the same time, many manufacturers are trying to deal with the problem by adding special plasticizers to the chrysotile-cement mixture.
• Low impact strength. Often used as an outdoor finishing material, slate sheets are subject to impact damage from, for example, hail or thrown rocks.
• The release of asbestos dust during cutting and drilling of slate, which can enter the lungs of a person and adversely affect his health. Therefore, when machining plates, you should use respirators. At enterprises and in enclosed spaces where slate is processed, it is mandatory to install dust collectors with air purification devices.

Despite the shortcomings, flat slate can be safely called a universal building material. Some experts say that you can build a whole city out of it! And this statement is not so far from the truth. Walls, roofs, and fences are built from flat chrysotile sheets, which are highly durable and retain their properties for many decades.

Flat slate specifications

It is this material that does not require special skills from you during installation, in addition, it is not too expensive. Slate is relatively strong and durable. Flat slate sheets consist of a special mixture - Portland cement and asbestos fiber, as well as water. At the same time, the total share of asbestos itself reaches almost 18% - this is enough to obtain the much-needed tensile strength and the desired impact strength.

Asbestos, of which the sheets are composed, has been used in construction work for more than a dozen years. It turns out that at a fairly low price you get high-quality material. As professionals note, such sheets have high rates - both in terms of hygroscopicity and airtightness. It is also convenient that there are a large number of different types of slate and color schemes on the market. Depending on the characteristics, the price for the product also varies.

However, first of all, builders pay attention to the use of a press in the process of manufacturing slate. It is pressed that is most valued - for such sheets, the bending strength of the material is greater and reaches 23 MPa, while for non-pressed it is 5 units less. The density of the material is also higher for the pressed one and reaches 1.8 g / cc, and as for frost resistance, in the first case the indicator reaches 50 defrosting cycles, in the second - 25

When choosing, it is better to stop at sheets whose thickness will be at least 8 mm - this will give you the necessary strength. The most enterprising citizens manage to build even a garage or something like a stall from such an asbestos product. Quite often, flat sheets are used for both cladding and fencing.

physical and chemical indicators

The most important technical characteristics of flat slate, on which its durability and application possibilities depend, are strength, density, viscosity, and frost resistance.

Flat slabs are characterized by high bending strength, which allows them to be used in the construction of ceilings, floors, roofing, foundation walls. Unpressed products withstand bending forces of 18 MPa, pressed products - 23 MPa.

The density of flat slate is relatively small and is equal to 1600 kg/m3 for LNP and 1800 kg/m3 for LPP. This means that the thermal insulation properties of the material, on the contrary, are quite high.

Impact strength is a value that indicates the ability of a material to resist impact loads. For pressed sheets, this parameter should be at least 2.5 kJ/m2, for non-pressed sheets, at least 2 kJ/m2.

Another important parameter is frost resistance. Unpressed slate withstands 25 freeze-thaw cycles, and pressed slate - 50. As a rule, these figures are very close to the actual service life of asbestos-cement sheets.

Slate coloring

In order to give flat slate an attractive appearance, they began to paint it with acrylic paints in brown, red, green, blue shades.

They can be either matte or glossy. Coloring is done not only with a decorative purpose, but also with a protective one.

After all, such a coating provides protection from ultraviolet radiation, precipitation and extends the life of the material.

When choosing a product, be sure to inspect how well the paint is applied. According to the standard, the slate must be painted evenly without smudges on both sides.

To make the right choice and not be disappointed, pay attention to all the nuances: for what purpose the material is purchased, what methods of fastening, sheet thickness, marking. . For the roof, a flat slate of large sizes is selected, but at the same time with a small weight, to speed up the laying process and reduce pressure on the house

For the construction of walls, slate is taken with a greater thickness, but of a smaller size.

For the roof, a flat slate of large sizes is selected, but at the same time with a small weight, to speed up the laying process and reduce pressure on the house. For the construction of walls, slate is taken with a greater thickness, but of a smaller size.

This is done so that there are no additional labor costs for the arrangement of window and.

Flat slate application and options

In addition to being used in the construction of small buildings, recently this material has become more in demand in the construction of residential buildings. And this, first of all, is the finishing and cladding of the facade, as well as the interior of the office premises. You can use this product if you need to resolve the issue of facing partitions, ventilation shafts, window lintels.

The use of flat slate is also justified in the case of the construction of utility sites - from gazebos and aviaries to summer buildings and booths. The sheet version of slate can be easily adopted during the construction of walls or ceilings. To reduce the pressure on the slate during installation, washers can be used. If we are talking about roofing, then when laying the roof, the angle of inclination should be from 30 degrees, and the installation direction should be from bottom to top and from right to left - these are the laying standards.

In addition, when working with a tool such as a hammer, you should be very careful - with strong blows to the surface, the product may crack.

And one more piece of advice - when hammering, the nail heads should not “drown” in the sheets. Holes for nails are drilled a little larger in diameter than the diameter of the fasteners. On top of the slate, directly under the nail, it is better to lay rubber seals to avoid leaks. But to make it easier to walk on such a coating, we recommend using special walkways.

• Pressed slate is often bought for curtain walls and "sandwich panels" - and here you can add an additional layer of insulation. As professionals note, the sufficiently high strength of this material makes it possible to use it when laying the foundation. Note that this material has resistance to temperature extremes and to the influence of negative environmental factors. Such material is quite easy to process with tools - you can use a hacksaw or a circular saw.
• The thickness of the sheets allows you to use the material as the basis for the fence. Slate sheet, with standard parameters 3000 by 1500 mm, is successfully used as country fences. Such a fence will definitely not rot or be “afraid” of the effects of insects. When using slate in the design of the fence, it is desirable to enclose the sheets in metal corners - in this case, an immovable structure is obtained.
• Well, and another area of ​​\u200b\u200bapplication is the garden and country beds. With the help of this material, summer residents make it easier for themselves to take care of the soil and are increasingly using straight slate for fencing beds.
• Flat slate roofing is becoming commonplace - such a roof will last you a long time if all the details of the installation were taken into account during installation. By the way, the installation of the coating itself can be done year-round - both in the heat and in the cold. You do not need any special skills.
• Professionals see a particular advantage in using it in the possibility of using it in the process of foundation work. In the trenches under the load-bearing walls, sand is first poured, then water is poured, and reinforcement is laid on top, which is sheathed with sheets of flat slate. Such work is carried out from the inside of the structure under construction. First, wooden planks are attached, which are then fixed to the sheets and directly to the reinforcement using self-tapping screws.

Slate production

Asbestos is a natural raw material, the strength of the fibers of which exceeds the strength of steel wire in its performance. asbestos fibers grip well with cement mortar, forming a reinforcing mesh, resulting in a durable material that does not support combustion.

Flat slate is obtained by fiber forming chrysotile asbestos and cement mixture. Asbestos fibers are evenly distributed over the entire shape of the sheet, this gives it high impact strength and increased strength. The service life of slate, manufactured in compliance with the technological process, is 50 years. It has the highest rates of fire resistance and frost resistance, so after 50 freezing cycles the material retains 90% of its original strength.

What is flat slate

Slate was used as a building material long before metal was invented. Its main advantage is durability. And, despite the abundance of other roofing materials on the modern market, the demand for slate products still remains.

Recently, flat slate has been actively used. All thanks to the rich list of areas for its application. The name itself characterizes its main advantage over its brother, wave slate. It can be used not only as a roofing material, but also as a finish, for example, a garage.

The flat shape of the slate allows you to perform various manipulations on it, turning into reality the most daring design decisions, while saving the budget. The main thing is to turn on the fantasy.

The advantages of flat slate over other types of slate are obvious. Possessing a number of advantages, in comparison with any other roofing or finishing materials, flat slate is in great demand among experienced builders.

In most European countries, products containing asbestos have been banned, citing the fact that it is harmful to the human body. But modern research has shown that the use of slate for construction or decoration in no way affects the health of people living nearby.

Rather, this is a marketing ploy aimed at ousting inexpensive and at the same time high-quality building materials from the market.

Rather, this is a marketing ploy aimed at ousting inexpensive and at the same time high-quality building materials from the market.

Slate sheet construction

Here is a list of flat slate benefits:

• Low cost, from 300 to 1000 rubles. for flat asbestos-cement sheet;
• Long service life. If taken in comparison with a metal roofing product, slate has a service life of 25 to 50 years, and up to 30 years if it is of high quality;
• Comfortable and easy to handle. Perfectly cut, even with a hand saw, without deforming;
• Rich sheet assortment required size for construction;
• economy during the construction of the necessary structures.

NOTE!

Take special care when processing or cutting flat slate. Since the main component of slate is asbestos, all work must be carried out in masks to protect the respiratory tract.

Advantages and disadvantages of flat slate

Advantages:

1. high strength material, an adult, can freely move along it without damaging it;
2. durable, this is no longer new material and has been tested for years by many people;
3. fireproof and can withstand high temperatures
4. Does not pass heat;
5. Easy to process;
6. frost-resistant;
7. Waterproof;
8. High isolation from external noise, in contrast to, practically inaudible rain and hail;
9. Acceptable price;
10. Quick installation.

Flaws:

1. Weight. Its considerable weight makes installation very difficult, one person obviously cannot cope;
2. fragility. Although it can withstand the mass of a person, it is necessary to transport, load and unload the material very carefully, you should pay attention to ensure that it does not fall, it can break right away;
3. asbestos content. When processing, it is necessary to protect the mucous membrane and respiratory tract, since asbestos affects human health.
4. covered with moss. Over time, moss forms on the slate, but it can be eliminated with the help of primers, which prolongs operation and enhances water resistance.
5. Emission of harmful substances to the air.

For the correct installation of flat slate on the building, you should follow some simple rules, then there will be no need to hire professionals to work.

The fastening of flat slate to a wooden crate differs from the wave one.

Flat slate must be fastened with galvanized nails or self-tapping screws, and a piece of rubber or roofing felt must be attached to each nail.

Since, due to temperature changes, the slate either expands or narrows, so you need to leave a small distance between the nail and the slate.

NOTE!
You can not hammer nails, so you can ruin the sheet. You first need to drill holes for future fasteners, it should be 1-1.5 mm larger than the nail itself.

Advantages and disadvantages

It is no coincidence that this building material is in great demand. It is distinguished by high technical characteristics, the main of which are:

• frost resistance and the ability to tolerate temperature extremes well;
• no deformation during heating;
• high strength;
• good sound insulation;
• indifference to ultraviolet;
• high fire safety;
• the ability not to accumulate or shield electromagnetic fields;
• high anti-corrosion properties;
• resistance to rot and mold;
• ease of processing and ease of installation;
• durability.

Such properties have all types of slate. Along with this, flat pressed asbestos-cement sheet has even better qualities:

• twice the ability to withstand temperature extremes;
• higher margin of safety;
• very low porosity.

Thanks to the latter property, its water absorption is reduced, and the sheet successfully resists the appearance of moss on its surface.

The durability of 30 years, which is inherent in unpressed slate, increases to 40–45 years.

One of the main disadvantages is the relative fragility of the sheets, which requires increased attention during transportation and installation.

In addition, they include:

• the severity of the sheets, which makes it impossible to stack them alone;
• the need for processing with cutting tools to cover sections with special compounds;
• tendency (over time) towards moss.

Composition and types of asbestos-cement sheets

The basis of this material is Portland cement grades M300-500, mixed with water. During molding, asbestos fibers are evenly distributed inside each sheet. Their share in building materials is 18 percent. The mineral component gives the canvas strength and resistance to mechanical damage.

Asbestos-cement sheet is produced in wavy and flat design.

The first option is divided by the number of waves: seven or eight. Rarely produce five-wave, six-wave sheets, but they are used only for industrial needs.

A flat asbestos-cement sheet is sometimes not pressed to reduce cost. In this case, the service life of the material is reduced due to low strength and porosity. And you can use non-pressed sheets only for small outbuildings or cladding.

Colored slate gives an aesthetic look to the facade of the house

The usual shade of asbestos-cement sheets is gray. But some manufacturers also offer colored slate. Coloring of bright products occurs during molding by adding coloring pigments.

Designation and marking of sheets

Sheets of flat slate have their own symbol, characterizing their type and size. It contains the letter abbreviation of the product type (LPN or LPP - non-pressed and pressed sheets, respectively), dimensions (length, width, thickness - in millimeters), designation of the current standard. For example, pressed sheets with a length of 3000 mm, a width of 1570 mm, a thickness of 10 mm, manufactured in accordance with GOST 18124-2012, are designated as LPP 3000 x 1570 x 10 GOST 18124-2012. And non-pressed products with a length of 1200 mm, a width of 1120 mm, a thickness of 6 mm - as LNP 1200 x 1120 x 6 GOST 18124-2012.

The symbol for sheets is indicated in the accompanying documents for products, in construction drawings, etc. Directly on the sheets you can see another mark for identification - marking. Usually it is applied to the slate by printing. But it is also allowed to use printed labels that are glued to sheets. A minimum of 1% of the sheets in a lot must be marked with the marking.

The marking contains:

• manufacturer's name or trademark;
• lot number;
• a sign indicating the type of sheet and its thickness (a square with a number in the center is an unpressed sheet, the same square, but symbolically “compressed” by two arrows, is a pressed sheet).

Installation

When all the elements are ready for work, it is important to mount them correctly. If the slate is attached to the roof, then it is necessary to drill holes for self-tapping screws in it

You can also use a roofing nail, but self-tapping screws with a washer or gasket in this case will be more convenient, because they do not need to be driven in, which minimizes the chances of deformation of the coating. In the case of roofing, it is important to remember the need for a waterproofing layer.

To work with walls and, in particular, their alignment, it is necessary to use a profile and make the desired structure, which will be sheathed with slate sheets. To securely fasten them to the wall surface, you can use a clamp, which will fix two parts of the slate and make the entire structure more stable and reliable.

The side of the sheet that faces the street must be additionally protected, which will prevent the destruction of the material. Therefore, the corresponding surface must first be treated with acrylic paint. And on the inside, a layer of plaster is applied on top, the surface is leveled, polished and prepared for further finishing. For finishing work, you can choose a colored slate.

Installation of wall plates is carried out end-to-end, while at the joints it is better to coat with sealant to minimize the chance of leakage. If we talk about the roof, then there the laying is carried out with an overlap, so that precipitation under no circumstances falls under the surface of the ceiling. After installing the flat slate on the wall, it is puttyed and then polished so that the surface is perfectly even.

If you need to make a gazebo or sheathe a fence, then it is best to use large slate sheets that are screwed to the frame or beams of the future fence. The principle of work is almost the same, the main difference is the dimensions of the slate, which must be selected individually for the design.

How to cut and drill flat slate

Slate drilling must be carried out using a concrete drill with a pobedit tip. When drilling holes, it is necessary to reduce the possible vibration of the material by laying it on the ground or on a special substrate. Without a drill, you can make a hole and attach building material using slate nails. They do not leave cracks when clogging. You can also use roofing screws with a special drill at the end.

You can cut the required piece to size using a grinder with a disc for stone, concrete. It should be noted - if you are performing the operation alone, goggles and a respirator are required to protect against asbestos dust. If with a partner - you need to water the cut line with a jet of water - then there will be no dust and less chance of chips.

If the grinder is not at hand, then you can try to make a cut with an ordinary hacksaw or a sharp construction knife - we draw a line and use a ruler or a guide with the tip of the knife to draw the risk several times. If the risk is deep enough, the slate will break along the notch line.

Types and characteristics of flat slate

In accordance with the specifications, a flat slate sheet can be of two types:

• Pressed (BOB). Its production technology includes additional compaction. It differs from LPN in high strength, rigidity, density, impact strength and durability.
• Unpressed (LPN). Flat slate, price per sheet which is significantly lower than that of LPP. It is inferior to the pressed one in terms of characteristics (see table), but having a less dense structure, it is easily cut, sawn and drilled. It is convenient to fix it with self-tapping screws to the surface to be lined.

The widespread use of chrysotile asbestos sheets is due to their unique performance characteristics:

Buy flat slate it is possible in building materials stores, but even without a guarantee of quality, its cost will be significantly higher than in the Cem-Cement company.

Features of flat slate

1. Strength. The manufacturing technology includes asbestos fiber and Portland cement, thanks to which the slate is able to withstand mechanical loads, and the sheets can withstand weight up to one hundred kilograms;
2. High sound insulation. Such material reduces external noise quite well, so it is used for finishing residential buildings and industrial buildings;
3. Asbestos cement can also serve for the installation of other materials, and this suggests that no need to make a frame;
4. Slate can't burn, and besides, it does not conduct electricity, which is why it is used as a floor covering in transformer boxes, substations and other places where there is an increased risk of electric shock;
5. Another feature of this material is that it does not rot, does not rust, mold does not form, is not damaged by fungus, and insects do not start;
6. Withstands sudden temperature change, absorbs moisture;
7. On store shelves many different colors, for every taste. In the manufacture of slate, a chemical is added that can change color, and this, in turn, improves some other property, for example, sound insulation or frost resistance.

What it is

Slate has been familiar to man since ancient times, but often a wavy version was used in construction, it was used for the roof of a house or any other building. Since the material itself was inexpensive, and served for a long time and reliably, an attempt was made to create an even version of the same product. This is how an even slate turned out, which is in no way inferior to its progenitor, but unlike it, has much more opportunities for use.

The material is called flat because it has a perfectly flat surface. Such slate is also made of asbestos, which gives it strength and durability, including making it relatively light. With it, you can both cover the roof and make a fence. If desired, the material is used for interior decoration of non-residential premises. Often the lower part of the balconies is covered with flat slate.

Due to its low cost, slate can be used for any repair purposes, and its long service life, which can reach 50 years, will help get rid of unnecessary repairs for a long time.

It is very convenient to work with it, because it is easy to cut the plate even with a saw, without worrying that the material will deteriorate, break or somehow deform. When interacting with slate, safety rules must be observed so that asbestos does not enter the respiratory tract.

Flat slate has a wide variety of sizes, which makes it easy to choose the right size sheets. It is this material that differs significantly from wavy slate, where there are only a few options for the dimensions of the product. Working with flat forms, there is very little waste, which is very economical.

Peculiarities

For the production of flat slate, at least 18% of asbestos is used, which makes the sheets so strong and reinforces them. To connect all the initial elements, Portland cement is used, to which asbestos and water are added, after mixing which the necessary mixture is obtained. When the composition hardens, a durable flat slate is obtained.

If you pay attention to the technical characteristics, it is important to mention the methods for obtaining this building material:

• production of slate using a press;
• production of non-pressed slate sheets.

Finished products are distinguished by marking:

• PL - flat sheets;
• NP - flat sheets of unpressed slate;
• P - pressed sheets of flat slate.

Unpressed slate is less dense, therefore it is recommended to use it for interior decoration. The pressed variety is a more advanced model, and therefore it has more functions. The properties of the future plate depend on asbestos and its characteristics. The strength and durability are affected by the diameter and length of the fibers of the main component, in addition, the impurities that make up the boards also play a significant role.

The weight of flat slate varies from 25 to 30 g for large sheets, which is quite a lot, so it is important to provide for the necessary measures to strengthen the structure under such a coating. .

The material is widely used in construction, so it is important to know all its advantages and disadvantages.

The advantages include:

• inexpensive cost;
• strength and durability;
• ease of care;
• non-flammable composition;
• immunity to electricity, can be used as a dielectric;
• good soundproofing.

There are a number of negative characteristics of this material:

• relative fragility;
• susceptibility to biological influences (moss and mold);
• the need for additional material coverage.

To protect flat slate, you need to use a special paint that will not let moisture through and make the roof attractive. Consumption per 1 m2 can be calculated taking into account the specific type of paint and the number of layers. If the surface is not too large, then large expenses for paint are not expected.

Conclusion

The installation of flat slate on the walls is carried out end-to-end, and the points of contact are coated with sealants.

For gazebos or fences, you need to take large sheets of slate. They are attached to beams or frame according to the same principle.

The main difference will be the size of the sheets, which is chosen according to the size of the structure.

To ensure a long service life of a flat slate, it is necessary to take care of the correct processing at the initial stage, and its subsequent installation.

To cover flat slate with paints, it is necessary to take acrylic ones, since they have optimal characteristics that can protect the material from an aggressive environment.

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Mineral wool Isover (Izover) is a modern energy-efficient solution to the issues of insulation of buildings and structures for various purposes. It is characterized by a high level of environmental safety, confirmed by the EcoMaterial Absolute eco-label, excellent sound insulation and a long service life (about 50 years). Corresponds to the European standard EN 13162, but at the same time it is quite affordable for the Russian consumer.

Types of mineral wool insulation Isover

Mineral wool Isover (Izover) in plates. Sufficiently light, elastic, dust-free material, which is able to provide high thermal insulation performance with a single-layer fastening. Izover insulation keeps its shape well, does not sag and does not cake for many years. Sheets of various thicknesses are used for insulation of roofs, floors, walls, partitions and ceilings.

Isover mineral wool insulation in rolls. Izover insulation is a very convenient option for laying along logs, thermal insulation of pipelines and other non-planar structures, as well as for seamless installation with a large area of ​​​​insulation.

Solutions for ventilated facades. Plates "VentFacade Top" - light and thin, with high rates of thermal protection. Izover insulation allows you to double the installation speed and reduce the number of fasteners by 40%. Plates "VentFacade Bottom" exclude the formation of air pockets due to the increased elasticity and elasticity of the fibers, tightly adhering to the wall.

You can order Isover mineral wool (Isover) from us by placing an order through the online store or by calling us at the number listed on the website. We will be happy to advise you during business hours.

The article will discuss what isover insulation is, how it is produced, what technical characteristics it has, what disadvantages the products of the French concern Saint-Gobain have, what types of material presented are most popular in our domestic market. Photo and video will reveal the nuances of mounting plates and rolls.

What is Isover

Izover is a material that is used to insulate flat surfaces. It is produced by the French company Saint-Gobain. The name of the insulation comes from two French words "isolation" - isolation and "verre" - glass. It explains what it is made of. There are two forms of French insulation on the domestic market. There are plates and rolls. They are formed using fiberglass and basalt wool. Each variety has its own technical characteristics. They define the scope.

The basis of the material is fiberglass and basalt wool. In the manufacture of slabs or rolls, recycled soda, limestone and sand are added. The use of recycled materials allows you to reduce the cost of the finished product, so the French insulation has a very affordable price.

Isover manufacturing technology is extremely simple:

Listed Components recyclables mixed up to each other, to them added other minerals, mixture heats up up to 1300С and converted into plastic mass, similar to liquid glass.

She poured into the tank. Within its walls are microscopic holes.

Capacity unwinds like a drum and spinning with high speed. Centrifugal force squeezes out the loaded substance through microscopic holes. In this manner fine threads are formed.

The threads are mixed with a special adhesive composition. A viscous mass is formed.

She goes to drying oven.

There the workpiece passes through the rollers. With the help of them formation is formed.

At the final stage, he cut into desired dimensions. The maximum possible dimensions are 610x1170 mm, the thickness of the plate can vary from 5 to 10 cm.

Specifications

The material obtained by the method described above has unique properties. The formations have high elasticity, low thermal conductivity (0.041), low weight. For heaters, these characteristics are very important. Provided that the installation is correct, the technical characteristics do not change over time, which ensures maximum heat savings throughout the life of a residential or industrial building.

Air bubbles remain between the fibers. They block sound. Therefore, using isover for insulation, you can significantly improve the sound insulation of the building. The manufacturer recommends using such material where it is necessary to increase sound insulation without increasing the load on existing surfaces.

Plates can additionally be treated with water repellents. They make the surface of the insulation waterproof. When burning, isover does not contribute to the spread of fire, the material has a low smoke-generating ability.

On a note! Izover is ideal for warming log structures, frame or panel houses.

When packing, the mats are pressed. As a result, their volume is reduced by 60%. This greatly facilitates the transportation of insulation. After removing the packaging, the mats easily restore their shape. They can be used for exterior and interior decoration. During operation, hazardous chemical elements are not emitted from the surface of the isover. No formaldehydes or resins are used in its manufacture. Therefore, the described material belongs to the class of environmentally friendly.

Insulation, which is available in the form of rolls, is represented by two varieties. On sale there are single-layer and double-layer rolls. They are used to insulate the floor or ceiling. The maximum possible roll length is 14 m, standard width is 120 cm.

On our site you can get acquainted with the best construction companies with an impeccable reputation in the market. You can choose from or from any modern building material. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Existing varieties and scope

The French concern "Saint-Gobain" produces various types of insulation. In the Russian market, nine types of isover are most popular:

thermal insulation isover KL 34 - non-pressed boards, which have a very wide scope, are used to insulate any vertical and horizontal surfaces. For installation is being built wooden crate. Inside it, the plates are inserted without additional fastening.

Isover KL 37 - pressed boards laid in packaging. Used for insulation floors between two neighboring floors, interior walls and roof slopes.

Important! When installing the plates, they must be pressed tightly against each other.

IsoverCT 37 - roll insulation. Used for insulation horizontal surfaces. An isover of this form of release can also be laid on the walls, but only if it is necessary to insulate internal partitions.

IsoverCT 40- two-layer rolls used for insulation ceiling and floor.

Isover « STYROFOAM» 300A the material to which structure was added polystyrene foam. These are slabs increased rigidity. They are attached to the surface with plastic dowels or special adhesives based on bituminous mastics.

Isover « VENTITERM» - plates, processed additionally water repellent. This is a new product, it is still conquering the market. Its scope is insulation facades carried out using the installation of single-layer or two-layer systems.

Insulation isover"pitched roof"- material for insulation roofs, to improve sound insulation premises. It is produced in the form of plates with dimensions of 610x11700 mm, 10 cm thick. The material has high elasticity and elasticity, therefore

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Isover"sound protection"- a material intended for soundproofing rooms. It is produced in the form of plates with a thickness of 5 cm, it can be used in any climatic zones. With it, you can improve the sound insulation of the roof, internal and external walls.

Isover"Ventfasade"- two-layer slabs designed for insulation ventilated facades.

The choice of French insulation has its drawbacks. They must be taken into account when buying a heater. Since it contains fiberglass, it is possible to work with the material only using protective equipment. Gloves must be worn on the hands, pants and a jacket with long sleeves on the body, glasses on the eyes, and a gauze bandage on the face. If this safety rule is ignored, any contact with the mats or rolls will cause severe skin irritation.

Dust may be emitted from Isover during operation. In its composition there will necessarily be particles of fiberglass. Their entry into the human body can provoke the development of diseases. Therefore, when carrying out internal insulation, it is important to cover the material before laying the finish coating (lining, drywall) with a vapor barrier film.

Izover cannot boast of high mechanical strength, it is not able to bear the load, so improper installation often leads to deformation of the finish. Such defects are often used by insects and mice for colonization.

If the plates were not additionally treated with water repellents, they will absorb moisture well. It lingers for a long time in the inner layers, which is why the properties of the material change.

On a note! With an increase in the moisture content of fiberglass by 1%, the thermal insulation decreases by 10%.

Isover laying technology from the inside of the walls

For laying mats, it is necessary to build a crate. This can be done using a wooden beam or metal profiles used for laying drywall. The step of the crate should be a centimeter narrower than the width of the insulation. Due to their high elasticity, the boards are easily inserted into the space between two guides and adhere very tightly to the surface.

From above, the insulation must be covered with a layer of vapor barrier. The film is overlapped, the joints are additionally fastened with a special vapor barrier tape. From above, such a structure can be sewn up with drywall or a lining can be immediately mounted.

Video description

The video shows the technology of insulating the walls of a frame house with an isover:

Isover installation technology from the side of the building facade

A crate is being constructed in increments of a centimeter narrower than the width of the insulation. Plates are laid inside, a counter-lattice is attached on top. It should provide an air gap. A waterproof and windproof membrane is attached to it. And already a finishing decorative finish (siding or lining) is attached to it.

Isover soundproofing technique

For sound insulation of the lower surfaces, the technology of "floating floors" is used. It helps to reduce indoor noise levels by 50%. It is called so because the materials used for finishing do not come into direct contact with the side walls. Therefore, noise waves are not transmitted to them.

For the construction of such a structure, a layer of vapor barrier is first spread on a reinforced concrete base, then an isover is laid on it. A waterproofing material is spread on top. From above, such a cake can be poured with a concrete screed or covered with plaster sheets. Even before starting work, a damper tape must be glued to the walls around the entire perimeter of the floor. It will ensure the formation of a technological gap that will not allow noise to move along the floors. The width of the tape should exceed the thickness of the screed by 2-3 cm.

Video description

The video shows the technology of floor insulation with Isover heat-insulating material:

Generalization on the topic

The products of the French concern "Saint-Gobain" have a wide scope. It has unique technical characteristics, boasts durability, versatility and practicality. The materials are easy to install, they are convenient for transportation, they can be used for any geometry, the price per package starts from 300 rubles. Packaging of the most expensive variety of material costs around 2500 rubles.

Isover insulation was originally developed and produced in France, and came to us about 25 years ago. It was first used in the mid-30s of the last century with the light hand of Saint Gobain. It is a material based on fiberglass and mineral fibers. Thanks to localized production, its price has ceased to be European with a fairly good quality.

What is Izover

Izover insulation can be supplied in a wide variety of shapes and formats. It depends on where it is used. Only one thing remains unchanged - it is an insulating material based on mineral fibers and fiberglass. The first quality of any insulation should be the minimum coefficient of thermal conductivity. The tables show the characteristics of several types of material and the maximum thermal conductivity of the universal Isover. It is about 0.036 W / m³ and may fluctuate depending on the density of the material.

The material itself is a fiber structure. The length of the fibers can be from 120 microns, and the thickness is not more than 4 microns. It is these indicators that guarantee the material high strength with minimal thermal conductivity and a sufficient amount of air held inside the material. The production technology is patented and not a single material can simply physically have the characteristics that Izover of any type declares.

Characteristics of Izover

Minimal heat loss is provided by the simple property of air placed in the closed space between the fibers of the material, which is what makes the material so warm. In addition, Izover can also be used as a sound insulator and the company declares it as absolutely safe for health. It can be used not only for external insulation of facades, but also for internal insulation of rooms in a residential building, including children's rooms.

The vapor permeability of the material is also of great importance, since the accumulation of moisture in the structure of the material leads to a loss of thermal properties. However, when Izover insulates foundations, plinths and facades, experts recommend leaving at least 2 cm for sufficient ventilation. For water repellency, the material is impregnated with water repellents, which guarantee the absence of not only moisture, but also biological threats. Therefore, the manufacturer can guarantee a 50-year service life of the material.

Safety, weight and price

According to GOST, Izover is considered non-combustible when used in the form of clean slabs, mats and rolls. In combination with aluminum foil or film, it can be considered low-flammable, but this is enough from a safety point of view to calmly insulate the internal walls of residential buildings with the material, not to mention the facades. Izover in this sense has no restrictions on the use.

One of the distinguishing qualities of the material is its very light weight. This is important if you take into account the cost of equipping the battens, fastening materials and additional elements that are used during installation. Also, the low weight of the insulating structure reduces the load on floors, walls or roofs. The price of the material is also quite worthy. With a high level of localization of production, it was possible to achieve the price level of domestic materials, and this is about 130-180 rubles per square meter of insulation. Packing an insulator can cost from a thousand to 1,500 rubles, depending on the brand.

Dimensions, density and types of insulation

The density of a material can play a decisive role when it is used in certain conditions. For example, the densest insulation has a density of 120 to 160 kg / m³ and is used for roofing, and the least dense with an indicator of 28-38 kg / m³ can be used for both walls and facades. Izover for the floor has a density of 150-165 kg / m³.

The size of the material and the form of release can be very different, depending on the scope of application. For example, for a foil moisture-resistant Izover for wet rooms, it can be produced in rolls with a thickness of 50 to 100 mm, and the length of the unfolded roll will be within 1.25 m. Universal insulation can be up to 100 mm thick and produced in the form of plates of various sizes, at the same time, the material is perfectly cut and processed, and the size of the plate is selected based on the size and surface area, so as not to allow a large amount of waste.

Areas of application for insulation

Given the universal properties, low price and various forms of release, the use of the material can be very versatile. For example, the main areas of use of Izover are:

1. For baths and saunas, a foil isover is used.
2. Ceilings, interfloor ceilings are insulated with a less dense material.
3. Izover of increased density is used for floors and roofs.
4. It is used when installing plastic windows.
5. For insulation of balconies.
6. For insulation of basements and basements.
7. Interior partitions are insulated, taking into account the fact that the material has good sound insulation.
8. For facade insulation.

Reliable and durable material (the manufacturer declares 50 years of warranty operation) can be an excellent insulation not only for a private house, but also for an apartment, as well as for non-residential buildings. Good luck to everyone and warm homes!