Why is associated gas flared during oil production? A wide range of lighters for gas stoves How to set fire to gas

Often, many are faced with the choice of an electric lighter for gas. In most cases, their work leaves much to be desired. Most often, the filling of such devices, as an economy, is made of little power, so that the resulting spark has a low temperature and it is difficult for her to ignite the gas. So such an arson turns into permanent damage to the nerves, when you have to poke a lighter into the burner for several minutes to ignite the gas.

Even in most cases, such lighters have a poor contact group, which quickly becomes dirty, melted and the device completely stops working. Among other things, such lighters quickly run out of battery and often have to be changed, and a planted battery again affects the intensity of sparking.

To solve this problem, one author decided to make a do-it-yourself gas lighter. The goal was to assemble a really powerful device, the ignition of gas which would bring pleasure, and not fray the nerves. He chose a stun gun as the basis for the filling, which gives an excellent spark and ignites the gas instantly. He also equipped the lighter with a lithium battery, which allows you to charge it from the same power source that we use to charge phones, we are talking, of course, about USB.

Materials and tools for homemade:
- a spark-producing module from a stun gun;
- an old lighter (a case will be needed from it);
- button to turn on the device;
- lithium battery (barrel-shaped 18650);
- soldering iron with solder;
- drill with drills;
- wires;
- hot glue;
- battery charging controller;
- engraver;
- wire cutters, screwdrivers, pliers and other homemade tools.

Step one. Training
Initially, the author planned to assemble a homemade product in 20 minutes, but when he first saw the dimensions of the battery, there were some difficulties, and the whole structure had to be radically redone. It was necessary to somehow put the charging module, the battery, as well as the spark-producing module from the stun gun into the case of the old charge.

The circuit was replaced with a resistor from 1.2 kOhm to 3.6 kOhm, which was found in an old tape recorder or TV. As a result, the charging current was 350 mA, which is 1/10 of the battery capacity. According to the author, any battery should charge slowly and not heat up, so it will last much longer. If the charging current is made large, the battery will be charged quickly, but will not last long.

Step four. Further Assembly
To bring the lighter to the form in which it was created, the author needed such a useful device as an engraver. With it, you can easily grind off all the extra compartments in the case. In extreme cases, you can use a regular soldering iron.

The spark module was used here without a multiplier, due to which it has a smaller size. Another such module forms a not so paved spark, which crackles so that all the dogs around scatter. When turned on, the spark is barely audible, and it glows pink. But here such power is more than enough.

Step five. Final stage
According to the author, the homemade product turned out to be excellent. The lighter ignites the gas with a "half a kick", as motorcycle enthusiasts like to say. There is enough spark power here even to set fire to paper.

When oil is extracted from an oil well, associated gas is released, which must be disposed of. It could simply be released into the atmosphere, but from an environmental point of view, this is unacceptable, and therefore associated gas is simply burned. For this reason, a gas torch is burning above the oil rig.

You may object that this is unreasonable. Gas could be used for household needs. But, as it turned out, the oil industry considered this issue and came to the conclusion that, in view of its negligible amount, it is simply not profitable to build enterprises for the separation, purification and processing of associated gas.

But why does associated gas come out of oil?

The thing is that oil is at great depths under high pressure. Gas, which consists of volatile carbon compounds, is dissolved in oil, and when it is extracted, it comes to the surface with it. If you do not pay attention to this and allow the gas to escape into the atmosphere, then this will lead to its strongest pollution. This cannot be allowed, and therefore it is forced to burn it in special flare installations. For this reason, a gas flare burns above an oil well.

It is clear that for modern Russia, where there are a huge number of oil wells, this is a real headache. It is associated not only with environmental, but also economic problems, which, one way or another, need to be addressed. Moreover, recently there has been a clear trend towards reorienting the economy to the use of low-carbon fuels, which is more economically profitable.

Associated petroleum gas differs from its natural counterpart in its chemical composition. In addition to butane and propane, it contains both heavy and light hydrocarbon compounds. These include, for example, hydrogen sulfide, helium, carbon dioxide, sulfur compounds, and soot. Releasing such a wide range of harmful substances into the atmosphere is simply unreasonable. Man already causes tangible harm to Mother Nature with his activities. And if there is no money for the utilization of associated petroleum gas, then it is better to burn it in flares.

Although, this method is not ideal from an environmental point of view. During the combustion of gas, a huge amount of harmful substances enters the atmosphere, which adversely affects the environment. Well, along with it, the person himself suffers. After all, the cause of many of his diseases is connected precisely with the environment, which leaves much to be desired.

APG burning has a serious impact on the global environmental situation. According to the environmental service, about a million tons of harmful substances enter the atmosphere every year, which are carried by air currents over great distances. Ultimately, they enter the human body, and cause him various ailments.

The senseless flaring of APG in flares also leads to serious economic losses. Be that as it may, a huge amount of gas is burned every year, which could be used for economic and social needs. This gas is indispensable in the production of synthetic plastics, fuel additives are obtained from it, it can be used to heat domestic and industrial premises.

Scientists have proposed a number of useful methods for APG utilization. These include: its re-injection into the oil reservoir, which increases the life of the well, transportation and combustion of gas in boilers of thermal power plants, its use in the petrochemical industry, and the extraction of heavy hydrocarbon compounds from APG.

Boilers operating on natural gas are quite often used to heat private houses and summer cottages. There are no particular difficulties in the operation of such devices. It is only important to correctly carry out the first start of the heating system and light the gas boiler. It is best to entrust this procedure to a qualified specialist.

Types of gas boilers

Many owners of private houses choose gas boilers for heating. This choice is explained by the economic benefits of using natural fuel, the ability to heat a large house with one appliance. The gas boiler does not require constant maintenance of the combustion process by adding fuel; during its operation, soot and soot are not formed. There are different types of boilers:

Also, gas heaters are divided into single-circuit and double-circuit. The system with two circuits not only heats the room, but also additionally provides hot water. Single-circuit ones do not have such an additional function, so that there is hot water in the house, the system will need to be equipped with a boiler.

Floor gas boiler. Danko. Continuation.

Each heating boiler has a combustion chamber. Depending on the design, it happens:

• open. It works due to natural draft, therefore it is suitable only for rooms with a vertical chimney. It needs effective ventilation that provides a sufficient flow of oxygen and excludes the ingress of combustion products into the room.
• closed. Uses forced draft. The presence of an electric fan and a coaxial chimney allows you to remove combustion products from the chamber. All wall-mounted gas appliances are equipped with a closed chamber.

Regardless of the type of gas installation, it is part of a single heating system, which also includes pipes, radiators, a pump, an expansion tank and filters. Before igniting a gas boiler, you need to make sure that the elements are securely connected.

Filling the system and removing plugs

After installing and debugging gas equipment, you cannot immediately turn it on. Before turning on the gas boiler, the system must be filled with water. To do this, you will need:

1. 1. Open the tap located at the bottom of the boiler next to the cold water connection.
2. 2. Wait until the system is filled with water. It happens slowly and takes a certain amount of time. In the process, it is necessary to control the level of pressure. To do this, you need to use a manometer.
3. 3. Upon reaching the mark of 1.5−2 atm, close the valve.

Lesson 4 - How to clean the boiler from soot.

During filling, air pockets may form inside the system. To prevent their occurrence, the procedure should be carried out at a positive temperature. In the cold season, the room where the boiler is located must be preheated.

Even if all the conditions for preventing traffic jams have been met, it is imperative to remove air from the system using air vents specially provided for this purpose, located in the upper fitting of the radiators. Depending on the design of the batteries, these can be Mayevsky taps or automatic valves.

To release air through the tap, you will need to unscrew it with the installation key, after substituting a water container under it. Air mixed with water will begin to exit the radiator. After about 5-7 minutes, when an even stream of water flows from the tap, it should be closed.

A similar procedure must be done with all radiators connected to the heating system. Then repeated pressure measurements are made and the water tap is opened. The pressure gauge may slightly exceed the average value, but should not reach the maximum. Otherwise, when the water begins to heat up after the boiler is turned on, the pressure will become extremely high and the heating system will fail. With automatic valves, you don’t have to make much effort. You just need to wait a while until the air comes out of the line.

The boiler "DANKO" goes out. We repair it with our own hands.

Pressing and washing

Another preparatory stage - pressure testing - not all specialists in the installation of gas equipment consider it mandatory. However, by crimping, the reliability of the equipment is determined, and the quality of its work improves.

Pressure testing is carried out using a pressure pump that pushes water or compressed air along the line. During crimping, the strength of the joints is checked and leaks are detected. Their presence is evidenced by low pressure gauge readings. If defects are found, they must be eliminated and the pressure test repeated.

Unlike pressure testing, flushing is a mandatory procedure that must be carried out before the boiler is ignited. It is carried out in two stages:

• Rough wash. Under pressure, light particles and suspensions are removed through open taps in the radiators.
• Clean wash. It is a control and is carried out using a pressure pump.

During the flushing process, the filters installed in front of the gas boiler are often clogged. They can be cleaned and reinstalled or replaced with new ones. Shut-off valve must be closed before replacement.

Starting the instrument

When all the preparatory stages are completed, you can proceed to the launch of gas equipment. The sequence of actions depends on the type of boiler. Attached devices such as Celtic, Protherm, Beretta, Ferroli, Bosch must be connected to the mains and unscrew the gas valve. After that, press the "Start" key, using the "+" and "-" buttons, set the desired temperature.

These models have a hot water mode. When switching to it, the electronic burner will automatically light up. For piero ignition, you will need to press the flame regulator and hold it for a few seconds, then activate the piezo button. Sometimes the ignition can be blocked due to the presence of air in the system. To unlock, just press the "Restart" key. The inclusion of parapet models of the ATON type occurs according to the same scheme. If the kit includes a remote control, you can set fire to the boiler with it.

The algorithm for launching outdoor devices will be somewhat different. Before lighting a floor-standing gas boiler such as Baxi, Siberia, Buderus, Lemax, Conord, you need to ventilate the room, check the presence of draft and the position of the control and temperature selector. It should be in "Off" mode. Then open the gas valve, switch the selector to the pierre ignition mode and press it for 5 seconds. At the same time, press the piezo button. After the burner lights up, you can adjust the temperature.

Boiler Navien, briefing.

Gas heating installations must not be switched off for a long time, especially during the cold season. The action of low temperatures will provoke freezing of the heating system and failure of its components (pipes, radiators, boiler). If a long-term non-use of the gas installation is planned, it is not recommended to turn it off, but to set the minimum temperature indicators. Thus, with a minimum fuel consumption, it will be possible to avoid defrosting the heating circuit.

Even if the gas supply from the pipeline stops during the absence of residents, serious problems will not arise. The control sensors that modern gas heaters are equipped with will block their operation, preventing possible problems.

Operating rules

The first start-up of a gas boiler is best entrusted to the specialists who install it. They will competently carry out all the preparatory work to fill the heating circuit with water, pressurize and flush it, and also make a note in the technical documentation about the successful switching on of the device. It is not forbidden to start the equipment independently, but in this case, its owners lose the right to warranty service.

After switching on for the first time, you must follow the operating instructions for the heater. According to them:

1. 1. It is forbidden to disassemble it yourself.
2. 2. Do not put foreign objects on it.
3. 3. It is necessary to monitor the coolant level and regularly add it to the line.

If there is a smell of gas, smoke or burning, turn off the boiler, turn off the main gas supply valve and call the gas service specialists. To turn off the device you will need:

1. 1. Close the main gas cock.
2. 2. Turn off the power supply of the device.
3. 3. Close the taps supplying water to the heating circuit. In winter, it is recommended to completely drain the water from the system to prevent it from freezing.

Washing the boiler is also recommended to be carried out only in the switched off state. To do this, choose mild detergents or a soap solution. It is forbidden to remove contaminants using aggressive chemicals, insecticides and toxic substances.

Many consumers still use gas stoves that were released in the last century and are not equipped with automatic ignition, so they use matches or purchase a special device - a lighter for household gas appliances. They are produced in different types, and you can buy them in special stores, where the seller will check the operation of the mechanism and explain how to use the device correctly.

For those users who are interested in devices for this purpose, our article will be useful, describing the design features, all the advantages and disadvantages of modern lighters, as well as the rules for their use.

Domestic gas

A unique development of Soviet engineers is a simple design: a body, a can of liquefied gas and a piezo ignition system. He pulled the trigger, and a flame appeared at the end of a long tube, brought it to the burner - the stove started working, cook as much as you like. High safety eliminates burns, is used for all gas equipment in the house, you can kindle a fireplace or campfire. The gas canister is easy to refill.

On piezoelectric elements

The second in terms of ease of use: mobility, because there are no wires, ease of use: brought it to the burner, turned on the gas, pressed the button - a discharge arc briefly appeared at the end of the product, and the flame ignited. No refills, batteries, or silicon needed, like smokers' lighters. The piezo lighter was designed for a certain number of clicks.

The principle of operation is simple: a piezocrystal is compressed, it generates a current, and a spark appears. The product has a rather convenient body, simple application and high safety for others. There is only one minus: the piezoelectric element is not restored after the resource is exhausted, it is necessary to purchase a new product, but given the low cost, this is not a problem for users. Piezo lighters used to be sold in any store, but they cost a penny, but were used not only for gas stoves.

Electrical

For high-quality work, the electric lighter is connected to a home electrical network with a voltage of 220 V, after pressing a button or key, an arc appears at the end of the product - this electrical discharge ignites the gas in the burner. Of the positive qualities: long service life, simple use. Cons: you need an outlet in the immediate vicinity of the stove, there is a danger of electric shock if used improperly.

Electronic

A rather mobile battery-powered product is convenient to use in everyday life for igniting gas equipment: old-style stoves and columns for heating water, where there is no start-up electronics. It works properly, the principle is simple: when you press the button, a small spark occurs, but this is enough to ignite the gas. Inside the case is electronics and there is a compartment for installing batteries. The absence of a wire expands the working area.

The device works reliably, it is made with high quality, the only negative is the replacement of batteries, but they are constantly available in stores. The use is safe, because the force of the electric discharge is not dangerous for users. It is only necessary to ensure that drops of fat or moisture do not get on the divider, otherwise the product will become unusable.

Price policy

Each type of lighter has its own price, depending on the device:

1. Gas products - the minimum price is from 53 rubles, liquefied gas is ignited by a piezoelectric element.
2. Electrical devices - 157 ₽ minimum.
3. Electronic counterparts have a higher cost - it directly depends on the manufacturer.

Which type is better to buy, each consumer decides, specifically about the prices for different types of lighters, we will talk in the section where there will be a description of the best models.

Advantages and disadvantages

Let's consider each option separately.

Gas

1. Simple construction.
2. Convenient use.
3. Refilling the bottle.

Minus - there is a risk of getting burned during operation.

Piezo lighters

1. Ergonomic body.
2. No power wire needed.
3. Complete security.

The only downside is that it cannot be repaired.

Electrical

1. Long operation.
2. One hundred percent ignition due to a strong discharge.

Disadvantages: attachment to the current source, you can get an electric shock.

Electronic

1. They work on batteries.
2. Excellent mobility.
3. Ultimate security.

Negative: if moisture or fat gets on the divider, they instantly fail and cannot be repaired.

How to choose

Today it is not difficult to pick up a high-quality lighter, and not a disposable product of a Chinese assembly, which breaks after a few clicks - quality and reliability are much higher than consumer goods from the Middle Kingdom. It all depends on the money of each buyer and the type of device. To do this, you need to go shopping, touch each lighter with your hands, read the instructions.

If you don’t care how long it lasts, then take any, and if you want to purchase a product with a long service life, then pay attention to the manufacturer. Perhaps the next section of this article will help you make the right choice.

The best lighters

Price in Moscow from 390 rubles, made of high quality plastic and stainless steel, length 260 mm, black handle. French development, made in China, 12 months warranty.

High quality product, professional design, comfortable handle with soft inserts, there is a ring for hanging. The use is simple: press the button, the gas ignites. Tefal works without comment, but you have to pay extra for the brand.

Cost 250 ₽, material - plastic, color red, dimensions: length 210 mm, weight 110 g. Type - on piezoelectric elements, designed for 5-6 thousand clicks.

Excellent quality, albeit of a yellow assembly, when you press the button it gives out a sheaf of sparks, everything is done to the conscience - it sits perfectly in the hand and does not creak when used. Normal value for money. No complaints.

The price is only 155 rubles, dimensions are 15x32x129 mm, weight is 100 g, it runs on gas - ignition from a piezoelectric element. Material: plastic and stainless steel tube. German quality but made in China.

Universal lighter with good mobility, can be used to light a fireplace or a fire in the country. Simple design, high-quality assembly, works like a Swiss watch, no cons have been identified during use.

The cost is from 200 rubles, width 65 mm, length 205 mm, weight 110 g. Type: gas version with a piezoelectric element, refilling the can, flame adjustment, the nozzle is placed at the optimal distance from the handle.

An excellent quality lighter of a domestic manufacturer, there is a blocking from children's intervention, kindles everything. Convenient transparent case, you can see how much gas is left. During the operation for 3 years, no complaints.

Cost from 269 rubles, weight 180 g, flame adjustment, protection against child intervention by blocking the control key, there is a valve for refueling, a gas volume control window, a flexible tube with a nozzle at the end. Domestic design, but made in China.

Excellent quality, high reliability, a good filling valve does not let gas through, as is the case with budget products. Convenient to use - the flexible tube accepts any configuration. There are no cons.

conclusions

Buying a lighter for a gas stove today is not a problem, but why overpay for a foreign brand when there are enough domestic manufacturers and the quality is at the level of world standards.

Many people come across a gas stove, but not everyone knows how to use it correctly. But during its operation it is necessary to adhere to safety rules: a gas leak in an apartment of a multi-storey building can lead to an accident, as it forms an explosive mixture. With a negligent attitude in the use of a gas stove, residents of other premises may suffer.

Regardless of whether natural gas is used by or , the approach to operation is the same. Here are the general requirements for the use of natural gas.

Before you turn on the gas stove, you need to familiarize yourself with the technical passport of the equipment, and study the instructions for its use.

How to light a fire

If you have never encountered gas stoves before, then the question of how to light a gas stove can be very relevant. To do this, you need to follow a certain algorithm. First of all, it is necessary ventilate the room. Next, follow these steps step by step:

1. Open the valve on the pipe or the valve if a gas cylinder is used.
2. Light the burner.

This process occurs in different ways, depending on the type of stove and the source of fire. The stove can be ignited in the following ways:

• from an open source of fire - matches;
• using electric or silicon;
• electric ignition.

Modern models of gas stoves are equipped with a built-in electric ignition system. This function can be displayed on separate button, and can be built into the burner tap. This is the only case when the burner can be ignited at the same time when the stove tap is turned. In other models, you must first provide a fire (spark), and then open the burner valve. The faucet opens clockwise with slight indentation. Read about how to light a gas stove oven.

The flame should be a distinct blue color and evenly distributed around the burner. If it slips inward, close the tap and re-ignite the burner. The optimal flame height should not exceed 2-2.5 cm and is adjusted by turning the valve knob. If there is a draft in the room, the flame will tend to break away from the burner, which is dangerous in terms of fire safety. With an excess of air, it is necessary to close the window. With a lack of air, the color of the flame will clearly change from blue to yellow, and carbon monoxide will be released, which is dangerous to human health.

What not to do when using the stove

Having extensive experience with appliances, consumers sometimes forget both the precautions and some features of using a gas stove. In order for the cooking process to be safe for the owner and others, it must be remembered what cannot be done.

1. It is not recommended to use cookware with a wide bottom for low burners. In this case, the effect of incomplete combustion of fuel is formed, and carbon monoxide poisoning can occur.
2. The flame must not come out of the area of ​​the bottom of the cookware, as this will lead to a needless increase in fuel consumption, which will only increase the cooking time.
3. If the diameter of the cookware exceeds the hob and extends beyond its edges, you should use additional burner, allowing you to increase the height and provide air supply.

It's important to know! If the smell of gas is pronounced in the room, in no case should you light the burner on the stove. You should promptly ventilate the room and contact the gas service.