What sand for concrete is better than river or career. What sand is better career or river?! What sand is needed for filling the foundation

The formulation of a concrete solution sand for the foundation is a filler, on the characteristics of which the behavior of the liquid mixture and the quality of the obtained monolith is depends. The shape and size that have sands, directly affect the degree of shrinkage of concrete when frozen. The presence of various impurities in this natural material involves its preliminary preparation before contributing to the mixture. All this complex of questions creates the need to evaluate sand, as a harvested building material for the preparation of concrete with their own hands.

Sand Classification

A variety of commodity species offered on the market creates the need for the right choice - which sand is better to use when preparing a solution for carrying base. The origin and the degree of purification of the bulk fossil will directly affect the strength of the structure during the entire period of operation.

Existing species are distinguished by the characteristics of the material:

• origin;
• production method;
• physical properties;
• chemical composition.

All these indicators are described in laboratory studies of experienced (control) samples from large parties delivered from the place of production.

Sand can be career, river, lake, sea, artificial material.

Confidence in accordance with the declared characteristics will be very high, if you purchase the material directly at its place of mining from a career, as shown in this photo:

Industrial mining allows you to purchase a large amount of the same building material with specified characteristics.

Technical conditions according to GOST

With independently kneading concrete, the requirements for the sand for the production of construction work are indicated in GOST 8736-93.

In construction for various types of work using sandy material in a bulk form or mortar mixtures, the grains contained in the total mass are an important indicator. They are divided into 7 of the following types of sand:

1. Very thin (Ø up to 0.7 mm). It is impossible to use it for the construction of the foundation, as it does not provide the required strength indicators. Scope: aerated concrete, foam concrete, polystyrene bauton.
2. Thin (size 0.7 - 1 mm). Such sand is well suited for plaster types of work, the support bases do not provide density and, accordingly, the strength of the concrete array.
3. Very small (1 - 1.5 mm). You can use like an additive, in the weak load of concrete structures (floors, ties).
4. Small (1.5 - 2 mm). The size of sandstone, which is suitable for kneading solutions with a large mass fraction of cement. For the foundation it will not be the best option, but great for masonry brick, ceramic tiles, tile mounts.
5. Middle (2 - 2.5 mm). Optimally suitable for the formulation of concrete mixtures and plaster solutions.
6. Large (2.5 - 3 mm). It is usually used in the production of vintage solutions at factory concrete nodes for the implementation of private and industrial construction.
7. Increased size (3 - 3.5 mm). It is used for reverse swelling, creating sand pillows, castings of the progress.

Sand with very large grains (3.5 - 5 mm) is used in the construction of road surfaces.

It is possible to determine the approximate desired dimensions of the sand fraction using conventional measurement tools. Grains have a different form, but most of its own approximately the same section, like on this photo:

Depending on the size of the grains, this material is divided into 2 classes, which set% the content of grains of each fraction.

Groups related to grade 1 have higher requirements for% by weight in its composition of grains less than 10 mm.

Impurities

The next important criterion when choosing which sand is needed for the foundation, there will be an impurity content in it. In the process of mining, storage, transshipment and transportation, the material has already has extraneous inclusions or can be saturated with them. Pollution is usually represented:

• il, clay, land;
• organic components (leaves, branches, turf);
• other bulk materials (lime, chalk, slag, solid fragments).

To get rid of unwanted impurities, a mechanical method is used first - sifting through a sieve. However, for clay, lime or peat, this method will not give the result. Then wash the washing of the contaminated material with water. Get rid of such foreign components is very difficult and, with their content, more than 5% for the preparation of the foundation concrete, the dirty sand is better not to take. In the process of solidification of monolith, cracks can form, there are not predicted values \u200b\u200bof reduction of strength and shrinkage.

You can use an easy way to check, which will give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe degree of contamination of the acquired material.

This requires a transparent glass or plastic container. It is covered with 1/3 of the volume of sand, filled with half purulent water. After that, they shake intensely so that the water is completely shaped with sand grains. The content of the container is given to stand from 5 to 10 minutes and inspect the result.

Dirty, turbid water, the formation of a dense film on the surface of the liquid is a sign that this sand is not suitable for the fill of the foundation concrete.

River mining

According to its grain (1.6 - 2.2 mm), river sand is the best universal choice for a variety of building compounds.

His main dignity consists in the natural relative purity and homogeneity of the particle size. The content of clay, residues of vegetation, heterogeneous impurities in it slightly. For the fill of the foundation, the river filler is suitable ideal, but has a sufficiently high cost.

Nevertheless, acquiring it in bulk, immediately produce raw materials to perform brickwork, outdoor and inner plaster structures, filling the drainage system.

Why a river filler is better for use in concrete and plastering works during self-preparation of the solution, it is described in this video:

Sea sand

This type of sand is mined from the coastal seabed shelf, which means a sufficiently high content of organic vegetable and animal impurities. The technology of pre-sale preparation should include thorough cleaning, but not always the manufacturer conscientiously fulfills this part of the obligations, and in the construction bases you can find marine raw sand.

The grain size of 1 mm allows you to successfully use this material in the production of ZBB structures, but only after careful cleaning.

The need for pre-processing makes maritime prey to the most expensive.

Lake sand

From the bottom of the lake remove sand layers, which contain 2 times more organic inclusions than in the seabed. This is due to the halting in calm water, so it needs a thorough flushing before entering into a solution of concrete. The particle size belongs to major varieties.

Career prey

We produce such sand in an open way in the dried careers developed.

The raised layers have purity much worse than a river, marine analogue (high content of clay impurities, foreign enclosures). The benefits include low cost.

Before use, the career product must be checked for foreign impurities, carefully sift in a small sieve.

Artificial crushing

Such bulk fillers are a small crumb obtained by grinding silicon rocks (rubble) in special crushers.

This sand band is manufactured to provide bulk materials of areas located at a remote distance from the place of extraction of other species of this raw material.

On the source material for the production of artificial sands are divided into the following positions:

• crushed (marble, basalt, diabases, metallurgical slags);
• sediment (from the shell and solid tuff);
• porous (pumice, tuff, volcanic slag, agricultural or wood waste);
• aglopeorite (fuel slag / ash containing clay);
• ceramzite.

In the foundation solutions, this material is resorted if there are no other possible options.

If possible, specialists are advised to choose from different options (suppliers). Sand fillers of natural origin are recommended for the construction of the foundation, as artificial analogues can be made of rocks accumulating radioactivity.

For long-term operation of a qualitative basis, it is necessary to comply with the requirements for bulk raw materials on grain size and impurities purity. It is desirable in a concrete solution to use bulk grade 1 material. In this case, you can safely be guided by economic indicators, comparing career and river sand at the cost of cube and delivery.

Before starting construction work, many pre-calculate the required amount of material. This is the right approach to such a serious cause. But at this stage, many questions arise. One of them: What sand is needed for the foundation?

The choice of such a material should be paid to special attention, since it is an important component, one of the main components used in the manufacture of concrete. From the quality of the mixture of the mixture and will depend on the durability of the foundation - the future foundation of the house. The modern market offers a huge range of sand, both natural and artificial. How to decide on the choice so that the foundation does not suffer from it, the article will tell.

Basics of selection of sand

Even inseparable in matters of construction, a person will be able to guess that for the foundation it is suitable exceptionally pure sand. Initially, various organic elements may be present in it: small twigs, grass and so on. For construction work, such material is not suitable, so there must be a seeded sand, cleaned of extraneous garbage.

However, simple shift cannot do if we are talking about such impurities as lime or clay. It is much more complicated to clean like sand, so when buying building materials, it is necessary to immediately pay attention. Permissible clay content in the sand is not more than five percent of the total mass, especially if a solution is made for the foundation. Otherwise, the building after a while will give shrinkage, cracks and will not be particularly reliable.

Check purity of sand

Before you choose which sand is needed for the foundation, you should check its purity. For this, a simple method is usually used. It will take any empty transparent bottle (glass or plastic). On one third, sand is falling asleep and filled with water half. Then the bottle is then intensely, so that the components are pretty mixed with each other. After that, they put it and wait five minutes for about ten minutes. If the water in the bottle became muddy and dirty, then such sand is not suitable for the foundation. If a foreign substance appeared on the surface, the layer of which exceeds the half-meter, then such a material cannot be taken too.

Now consider what exist

Sand species for mounds

To ensure the reliability of the construction under construction, according to the standards, it is necessary to use bulk mixtures. The market realizes sedimentary rocks in three types, depending on the place of their extraction. This is the sand:

• career;
• river;
• nautical.

To answer the question of which one is most suitable for the foundation pillow, you should familiarize yourself with the characteristics and nuances of using each type.

Career sand

This raw material is mined in quarries, breaking rocks. An important indicator of reliability and strength of career sand is the parameter of its humidity. Admissible is the ratio from one to five percent. Suitable humidity can be determined visually. From the sand it will not be possible to blind a tight lump - he simply crushes.

The cheapest material is considered precisely the career sand. The price of it hesitates from three hundred to seven scores per cube. This is due to its low quality due to the large amount of clay impurities and other substances. Nevertheless, enjoys considerable demand.

Types of career sand

Depending on the type of processing, quartz raw materials is classified as follows.

1. Sand soil. This is a crude mixture with various impurities. As a rule, it align the country areas and fall asleep trenches.

2. Mooked sand. It is produced from waterfront deposits using hydromechanical equipment. The technology allows you to assemble the mixture without any impurities and unnecessary components. This material is used in the production of roads, bricks and reinforced concrete products.

3. Sedane sand. It is purified by a technical and mechanical method from large particles and stones. Typically, such raw materials are used to prepare the mass of plaster, laying solutions and in the casting of stone products.

River sand

This raw material is mined from the bottom of freshwater rivers. It rarely contains organic compounds and impurities. Therefore, river sand is considered a clean and natural product, which is designed for multipurpose use. This is the perfect material for laying the foundation, creating drainage and dilution of the solutions required for the interior decoration of the house. Due to the natural grinding of river sand, has a perfectly smooth shape and a small fraction within two millimeters.

Thanks to all listed advantages, this material becomes universal and desirable, but rather expensive raw materials for the foundation. Thus, the price of building sand, mined from the river, may vary from seven hundred to one thousand rubles per cube.

Classification of river sand

The raw material from the bottom of the river can be very different from each other. Therefore, it should be sorted out with a variety of grains. They can be several fractions: from 0.7 to 5 millimeters. The saturation of small sands is very sitting and tamped, so it is suitable only for lightweight buildings. Also distinguish the following types of bulk river material.

1. These are pebbles of about five millimeters. They are obtained by splitting rocks with special crushing and grinding equipment.

2. Coarse sand. It has unobtrusive neutral color, is mined in dry rivers. Ideal for decoration and decoration of the room.

3. Mytoy river sand. These are medium-sized grains. They have gray or yellow, since they include iron and silicon oxides.

Positive sides of river sand

River sedimentary breeds have several positive qualities that are of great importance for the construction of the foundation. They meet technical and aesthetic requirements, do not rot and are not exposed to an aggressive environment. River sand is characterized by high moisture resistance and excellent noise insulation. It is also safe and environmentally friendly material.

For the construction of multi-storey buildings, only a large-phrase type is used, and the average baby will be suitable for sieves. Also, river sand is ideal for landscaping, playgrounds, landscape works and room decoration.

Sea sand

Sea crumb is also exactly the material as needed for the foundation. The sand is not very better than the river, but sometimes worse. This is explained by the presence of organic impurities (algae, seashells) and foreign objects. But the sea sand is necessarily purified from strangers and washed, so it is considered clean and high-quality. Due to this, this material is the most expensive, and not everyone is ready to pay for it. It is more appropriate to use sea crumb for construction where it is sold and cheaper.

Sand fractions

Any sand can be classified by its size. Experts allocate the following varieties of fractions.

• Very thin. It is a grain of a size of about 0.7 millimeters. They are suitable for the arrangement of playgrounds and are unsuitable for construction.
• Thin. Crupines in size reach from 0.7 to 1.0 millimeters. This is a loose material. You can not use such sand for construction, but it will be not bad for the preparation of skinny concrete.
• Small fraction. It is a grapple size of 1.5-2.0 millimeters. When it is used, the consumption of cement mixture increases.
• Average. Cruppers (2.0-2.5 millimeters) can be used to create standard concrete.

• Large. Sand particles in magnitude reach three millimeters. This fraction is ideal for breeding a high-quality concrete mix, which will be used in large-scale construction.
• Very large. Particles are more than three millimeters in diameter. They are added to the foundation pillow and are used to distribute the mass of the structure.

Sand selection for foundation

So what is the sand, river or career? Experts converge in the opinion that the first option is most suitable for the construction of foundations. It will create a layer, which will increase the strength, stability of the building, will prevent "walking" and the formation of cracks.

However, the river sand will not be for the pocket. In this case, it is allowed to use a career crumb, but must be soothing. A sandy-gravel mixture is also suitable, which improves the quality of the laying under the pillow.

Required amount of sand

Usually, one part of the cement is taken for five parts of the sand. But this calculation is suitable if the solution is made only from these two components. Sand, rubble and cement ratio for the foundation will be completely different. As a rule, they are taken in the following proportions: four parts of sand, two parts of rubble and one - cement.

As can be seen from the calculations, the sand should always be taken more than the other components. The number of materials itself directly depends on the height of the pillow and the building itself. Sand is better to buy with a small margin so that you do not have to buy it at an inappropriate moment. The remains can be accommodated for the preparation of solutions on the decoration of the walls or their masonry.

Summarizing

Answering the question of which sand is needed for the foundation, it should be noted that the ideal option is considered the river grains of the middle fraction. Such material has excellent properties for construction purposes. It allows you to build the most durable foundation that will flash for a long time and will be an excellent basis for the construction.

Purchase sand is necessary from reliable manufacturers, so as not to stumble upon poor-quality raw materials. It is recommended to check the material before purchasing the level of humidity and the number of extraneous impurities. It is also worth paying attention to the compliance of the procurement size. As a rule, in the cubic meter there should be approximately one and a half tons of sand.

Before starting construction work, many first calculate and harvest the material. It is right and commendable. But at this stage there are different questions, one of them, what sand is needed for the foundation. Sand choose to pay special attention, as it is one of the main and important components used when mixing concrete. And on the quality of the concrete mix, your future foundation, foundation depends on. Taking into account the fact that the market provides a large selection of various sands of both natural and obtained artificially, it is important to choose the most suitable for these work. In this article we will tell how to determine the choice.

Purely theoretically

Anyone who is not knowledgeable in building business and its nuances can guess that it is necessary to choose clean sand for the foundation. In the sand, various organic elements such as grass, branches, and so on may initially be present. For work such sand will not fit, but it can be easily cleaned. Maybe you have repeatedly seen how the workers sift the sand, cleaning it from unwanted elements.

But if we talk about such impurities, like clay, lime and other similar, then there is no simple sifting. Clear such sand is harder, so when buying you need to immediately pay attention to it. The presence of clay in the sand should not exceed 5% of the entire mass, especially if we talk about the foundation solution. Otherwise, the future structure will not differ reliability, will give a shrinkage, and this will lead to cracks. Before buying, it is important to check how clean sand is. You can use a simple way to check.

You will need a transparent bottle, be it glass or plastic. It is necessary to fall asleep sand on 1/3 and fill with water to half. Further shake the bottle intensively so that the sand is stirred with water and completely wet. After that, put it and wait 5-10 minutes. If the water has become dirty, this sand is not suitable for the foundation. If a foreign substance was formed on the surface, layer more than 5 mm, it is impossible to take such sand. Let's look at what kind of sand is what they differ and what type of sand is better to purchase for the foundation.

Sand varieties

Sands are divided into several types, depending on the place of mining:

1. River.

The name of the river sand itself says that it is mined from the river bottom. This is a universal material, since it contains fractions of different sizes - from 1.6 mm to 2.2 mm. Thanks to this, it is used not only for filling the foundation, but also for different construction purposes. Name the main advantage of river sand is its natural purity and homogeneity. Clay, vegetation particles and other impurities in it are very few. Such sand is ideal for the foundation. Only here it is large enough.

The sea sand is mined from the bottom of the sea, after which it is cleaned of the sewer and other impurities. Difference of such sand is its graininess, which is about 1 mm. This size of the granules makes it possible to use it for the construction of reinforced concrete structures. It can be called quite clean, since it is cleaned before selling it, sip and washed. But for quality you need to pay, so the sea sand is the most expensive.

Career sand is mined by an open way from a career. If you compare it with river and sea sands is the worst option. And it is not surprising, as in its composition a lot of impurities - clay, vegetation and crushed stone. Because of this, the price of such sand is the lowest and is suitable for draft work at the initial stage of construction.

To unambiguously determine which sand is better suitable for concrete, it is important to consider other features. Some masters advise to buy career sand, which is cheaper, referring to the fact that it will not affect the quality of the foundation of the house. Others say the quality is above the price, so you need to choose expensive sand, which will ensure the reliability of the foundation on which it is impossible to save. Be that as it may, it is necessary to consider other features and criteria to help determine the choice.

Characteristics

As mentioned above, the sand should be clean. If it has vegetation or branches in it - it is not scary, they can be selected. But clay, Il, gravel and other particles can lead to a decrease in the quality of the concrete solution. The presence of clay should not exceed 5%. The presence of gravel in percentage of the entire mass should not be more than 5%, and the particle sizes are greater than 10-12 mm. If the size of gravel ranges from 5 mm to 10 mm, then more percentage is allowed - up to 10% of the entire mass.

An important moment when choosing a material is its granulometric composition, that is, the size of the granules. Based on the size of the sand pellets, it is divided into:

• very thin sand, the size of the granules of which is not more than 0.7 mm. For the manufacture of concrete such sand will be unsuitable;
• thin sand, the size of the granules of which is from 0.7 mm to 1 mm. This view is also not used for the manufacture of concrete;
• very small sand, the size of the granules of which is in the range from 1 mm to 1.5 mm. It is not necessary to choose it for concrete;
• small sand, the size of the granules of 1.5 mm to 2 mm. Not suitable for the preparation of high-quality concrete mix;
• sand of medium size, the size of the granules from 2 mm to 2.5 mm. It is the sand of such aity perfect for the preparation of a concrete mix under the foundation;
• large sand, the size of the granules of which ranges from 2.5 mm to 3 mm. It is used for the manufacture of high-quality high-quality concrete;
• sand of increased size, the size of the granules is from 3 mm to 3.5 mm. Sand such a fraction is better to use for the foundation pillow under the base of the construction.

Very large sand, the size of more than 3.5 mm can also be used for the foundation pillow.

Another important point when choosing sand for the foundation - humidity. The content of water in the sand plays the last role, since its quantity must be taken into account when the solution is made with the addition of water. The recommended sand moisture for the foundation should be no more than 5%. The dried breed may have 1% humidity. If the sand fell under precipitation, then its humidity can reach up to 10%.

If you purchased sand, you need to take care of its precipitation protection. To do this, it needs to be covered with something or unload under the canopy. Then he will not absorb excess water.

But how to determine the humidity of the sand? Take advantage of pan or iron bucket. Take the container and put it on the weight. Having learning the weight of the capacity, take 1 kg of sand and fill it with a container. Now you need to dry the sand. To do this, put it on the slab with a weak fire and "cook", stirring, 30 minutes. After expiration, everything is again needed to weigh. From the weighing result, take the weight of a bowl or bucket and multiply the result by 100. As a result, you should have a number in the percentage ratio, which indicates humidity. For clarity: a bucket or a bowl has a weight of 0.2 kg. After you dried 1 kg of sand, the total weight turned 0.9 kg. It turns out:

0.9 - 0.2 x 100 \u003d 70

Humidity of your sand is 7%. There is another method for determining humidity. It is enough just to use a special device that will show an accurate digit.

Let's summarize

So, having all the data, you need to analyze them and determine the choice. You learned that the ideal sand for the foundation is considered:

• clean sand, which consists of clay and gravel do not exceed 5% of the whole mass;
• sand with medium size, the size of the granules is from 2 mm to 2.5 mm;
• sand, whose humidity does not exceed 5%.

Buying such a building material for the foundation, you must pay attention to these indicators. The most optimal option for the price and quality is washed and dropped career sand, the size of the granules of which is 2-2.5 mm. It is better to buy it directly at the place of mining. If you have money and want your foundation to be durable and stood for a very long time, stop on the river sand of the same fraction. Then your concrete under the foundation will have the necessary qualities.

Buying sand, you should control the process of weighing a loaded and empty dump truck, as there are unscrupulous suppliers who displease sand, stating on you.

We hope that this article helped you figure out what sand to choose for the foundation.

Concrete consists of sand, cement, rubble and water. For each of these components, its role is assigned both in the manufacture of concrete structures and under its subsequent operation.

Sand for concrete is a small aggregator closing the emptiness generated between the crushed. It allows you to evenly distribute the internal stresses when the concrete is hardening and reduce the final value of the solution by reducing the amount of decisive cement.

The main thing is to take into account all the requirements for the preparation of the solution, choose those components that are best suited, and comply with the corresponding proportions.

Particle size

Bulk material is divided into two classes depending on the particle size: I and II class. As part of the more qualitative I class, there is no very small, fine and very thin group, which are undesirable components for the construction solutions. If they are presented, the connection between larger fractions is worse. Therefore, when preparing a solution, it is better to use sand I grade.

Classification by fractions

According to GOST 8736-93, the division can be:

• very large;
• increased size;
• large;
• middle;
• small;
• very small;
• subtle;
• very subtle.

In reality, division is usually conditionally. May be:

• small;
• middle;
• large.

To prepare a high-quality solid solution, it is better to use a large fraction. Preferably with a particle size of 2-2.5 mm. With a smaller size, the cost of the prevailing solution will increase significantly, and the quality will decrease.

Place of mining

The production site has a significant impact on the composition and properties of the material. It is customary to allocate river, career, sea and quartz. Mining sand in an open way.

Career

The career encounters clay and stones, so it can be used exclusively as a subtype to the foundations or concrete ties. When preparing a concrete, career sand can only be used after washing with water performed in the production site. When performing such an operation, clay and dust particles are removed.

River

River sand initially does not contain clay. It may be present at least stones. Actively used when performing construction work, allowing you to obtain a better solution. It is distinguished by the ability of natural fallout, therefore, when preparing a solution, it must be constantly mixed.

It should be borne in mind that the cost of the river is slightly higher than the career material. When choosing should be analyzed, which is better: reducing the cost of manufacturing a concrete structure or ensuring sufficient strength.

Sea and quartz

Sea in its characteristics is close to river. It is characterized by purity and homogeneity of the particle size distribution. Due to the possible detention of seashells, it may require additional cleaning.

Quartz is the result of mechanical crushing of rocks containing quartz. Uniform, clean and chemically inert. Get artificially.

Method of processing

Depending on the processing method, it may be:

• washing, obtained by washing;
• the seeded is obtained by sieving the initial raw materials to remove large particles and garbage.

Characteristics

The requirements for sand used in the preparation of concrete are reflected in the relevant regulatory documents. Some characteristics can be tested exclusively in laboratory conditions, others can be monitored directly at the construction site.

Volume weight

An indicator reflecting a mass of 1 m³ in natural state. A wet cube with all sand impurities on average weighs about 1500 - 1800 kg. Preferred is less value.

Structure

The composition may be:

• granulometric, which reflects the ratio (in percent) of grains of different size;
• mineral: quartz, dolomite, field-sized and limestone;
• chemical, depending on those present in the elements, a possible area of \u200b\u200buse is determined.

An example of a granulometric composition:

An example of a chemical composition:

An example of a mineral composition:

Humidity

As a rule, this characteristic is 5%. If the mixture is dried, the indicator will decrease to 1%. When moisturizing with precipitates, the value may increase to 10%. The amount of water added to a solution with such humidity should be reduced.

Humidity requirements are important, since it depends on the amount of water added to the solution. Humidity is determined by calcining a kilogram of the mixture. The indicator will be equal to the difference in the weight of wet and dried.

At the construction site, the level of humidity can be checked as follows. If the sand is squeezed into a lump, he will have to crumble. If this did not happen, the humidity of more than 5%. Although this indicator is still better controlled in laboratory conditions.

Porosity coefficient and bulk density

The porosity coefficient reflects the ability of sand and, accordingly, in the future of concrete to skip moisture. It can be determined exclusively in laboratory conditions.

The average value of the bulk density is considered to be 1.3 - 1.9 t / cubic meters. Optimal is 1.5 tons / cubic meters. Less importance may indicate the presence of unwanted impurities, more - about excessive moisture. The necessary information should be prescribed in the accompanying documents.

What to give preference?

To understand what sand is needed for concrete a specific brand, it is necessary to take into account the upcoming type of work.

Masonry

Brick and large-bordered masonry is better to produce using river. If it is necessary to increase the plasticity of the prepared solution to the river can be added a small amount of non-career, which will also help reduce costs.

Concrete

To prepare concrete, it is preferable to use medium or large river sand into which a little washed career can be added. It is worth noting that the patches of the career, unlike the river and sea, improper shape and rough surface. Under the influence of the aqueous medium, the surface of the particles is polished, which significantly worsens the adhesion with the other components of the solution.

However, flushing career is not always possible to completely remove clay. Therefore, when preparing a concrete mixture, it is preferable to use river sand. It is already washed. Particles of approximately the same size. It does not have clay, which significantly reduces the strength characteristics of the prepalanted solution.

Criterias of choice

Thus, choosing sand needs to be focused on:

• the cost - the river and the sea will cost more than the career.

Cooking concrete, withstanding proportions

To get high-quality concrete, it is necessary to properly withstand the ratio of sand and cement. The optimal ratio of components (C - cement (M400, M500); sh - rubble: P - sand) solution looks like this:

Brand concrete is important. If it is below the M300, it is better to take sand with a particle size of less than 2.5 mm. Such a concrete is traditionally used to fill the foundation under the garage, one-story buildings, household buildings. For brands above the M350 used in the construction of multi-storey buildings, slabs of overlapping, armopoyarov, it is worth taking a river with a grain size of 3 mm.

In the most general case, when preparing a solution, you can use the following data:

Which sand is needed for concrete, plaster or brick laying. See what better, river or career.

This type of sand is purified by naturally, all impurities are washed out of it. Sometimes it is still found under the name "washed" particle size in river sand, as a rule, it happens from 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

Attention! !

Career sand

Career sand particles are much smaller than the river. Fraction from 0.6 to 3.2 mm. Quite often, in the sand from the career is clay or even the grass and roots of trees (usually when the career expansion)

What sand is better

It all depends on the goal.

For masonry. It is better to use career sand, it is not so fast "sits" in solution. The solution is obtained more plastic, due to the presence of clay.

For a screed.Almost always use the river, it is often very small pebbles, which provides additional bulk reinforcement.

For concrete.From concrete structures, high strength is always required. Clay increases plasticity, but at the same time strongly reduces strength, respectively, career sand is better not to use. To prepare concrete, it is better to buy river sand, naturally, you will need to add rubble.

For plaster.Career in this case will suit more, clay inclusions are not so critical, since the increased strength is not required, and the small fraction allows you to get a smoother surface.