How to choose a laminate for the floor to serve for many years? Types of laminate: categories, types, titles, colors, well-known manufacturers, photo which is better to choose depending on the room

When placing an apartment or house, special attention is paid to the choice of materials. They should be practical, beautiful and modern. There is a strong load on the floor covering. Laminate looks beautiful in different stylistic design. It is distinguished by different parameters - design, surface, type of lock, wear resistance class.

Laminate has an attractive appearance

Types of design material

There are several options for design. All of them have their own features, advantages. The coating has the form of the original pattern, drawings. Laminate is characterized by surface texture - rough, matte, shiny, glossy.

Classic tree

Laminate imitates a wooden surface. This is a budget option for replacing the parquet board. Laminated lamellas in their texture resemble a board, which is made of maple, birch, oak. In appearance, such a laminate is not inferior to parquet.

Leather luxury

Such laminate commercial looks beautiful in the cabinets or living rooms. In its texture, it imitates the skin of the crocodile. You can try to arrange the walls in such a style to get an unusual design.

This collection is made by Proteco and Classen. They do not belong to the budgetary series, so it is important to consider this parameter. The Russian Ritter company offers more budget options that also mimic natural skin of different reptiles. Such an outdoor cover looks beautiful and unusual.

Metal shine

This is one of the design destinations. Three-strip laminate with metal glitter looks beautifully in modern stylistic design rooms. Kronotex brand draws attention to German quality.

You can buy a metal glitter laminate from the Design Cargo Metal collection. It is most appropriately used in the living room, a nightclub, a shopping center. There are different types of shades and textures, so every person can make a choice.

See also: - Classification of species, scope

Stone calm

Stone floor looks beautiful. It is characterized by durability and reliability. They are pretty cold, not quite comfortable for the legs. To make the floor-brandile tile floor need to spend a lot of money.

Laminated coating manufacturers have decided to offer alternative options to expand the possibilities for stylistic design of houses, apartments, office space. In many collections, a non-combustible laminate is presented, which has a pleasant texture that copies well the appearance of the stone.

The production of such an outdoor coating is engaged in such famous factories like Kronotex, Egger, Witex, Parador. Laminate from the "stone" collections looks beautifully in the corridors, kitchens, bathrooms.

Designer laminate

Designer collections attract their appearance. Buyers will be able to choose laminate from a wide and diverse choice. They attract modern shades, abstract lines.

One of the main advantages is the presence of unusual patterns, exclusive textures. The Kronotex manufacturer offers unique products, on the surface of which images of cards are applied.

This option is great for organizing pop art style. To make a room more cozy, you can buy a laminate from this collection, which in appearance looks like a canvas cloth or burlap.

Brands in Australia produce original Soft Tussh collections. They harmoniously look in children's rooms, playgrounds. The surface is decorated with the help of original stamps, drawings, patterns that are burned in the tree.

No less interesting:, brands, classes

Difference of the laminate on the surface

Laminate differs not only by the species and properties, but also the texture of the first protective layer. It is this parameter that affects the appearance of the flooring.

Classic wooden surface

Laminate has a smooth surface. Boards have a natural and natural look. The upper layer has almost imperceptible pits, dashes. They completely imitate natural wood, which has pores. They can be well considered without the use of magnifying glass.

View of aged tree

When a tree for a long time is in the open air, it has the age of aging. The surface changes its original appearance. To make such a unique laminated coating manufacturers make smooth irregularities.

Gloss

Laminated coverage with glitter looks very beautiful and original. Such a floor is most appropriate in the kitchen, because at the entrance you can immediately see the radiance. It helps attach the effect of purity. Laminate is similar to natural wood boards, which are covered with varnish in several layers.

Texture

Fibers clearly visible on the wood surface. It seems that the material is natural. The relief is awesome rustling. Egger is manufactured by the manufacture of the unique Emotion collection, which combines the original style and high quality. Thanks to innovative and modern technologies, the effect of natural wood is achieved.

Relief

On the entire length there are thin dashes and recesses. They are located along the entire length of the laminated board. Main feature - they do not copy the drawing of the wood slab. Such a laminate repeats insignificant roughness.

Natural surface

Tree and other natural products are necessarily covered by varnish in several layers so that they have retained their texture for a long time, the initial look. The laminate from the collection natural surface has over the entire pore surface, drawings that are characteristic of wood. From above there is a protective film that prevents moisture penetration.

Shea tree

This is a laminate with a matte surface. It does not have pores or other recesses. Each board is perfectly smooth, smooth, without pits along the entire length. Visually lamellas resemble natural wood, which was carefully treated with a grinding machine, opened with one layer of varnish.

Warest surface

The tree can be rubbed wax to give it an attractiveness and original appearance. Thanks to this processing, an inner shine occurs. He gives a feeling of comfort and comfort.

The coating is barely noticeable. Such a laminate with light glitter is increasingly used to arrange living room rooms, bedrooms, corridors, office premises.

Country

A rustic style looks great in the country cottages. Counting Country has the appearance and texture of the natural tree, which was treated with the plane. A large relief is visible on the surface, which is slightly smoothed to give it a complete species.

Laminate form

When choosing a laminate for a home or apartment you need to pay attention to the form.

Rectangular board

Laminated boards have a length of 1.5 to 2 meters. Thanks to this, the masters will be able to make masonry in different premises. Lamaders are equipped with comfortable locks that simplify the installation process.

Tile

To create a more complex pattern, you can make a laying of laminate in the shape of a square tile. Its cost is several times higher, but the substrate is not required for the flooring. Thanks to this, costs can be reduced. One of the main advantages - the tile can be put at home, simple installation.

Note! The repair of tiles is much more complicated, so you have to shift a certain area of \u200b\u200bthe room to replace the broken part.

Laminate Differences for Connection Castles

A few years ago, it was necessary to use glue composition for fastening the laminate boards. Manufacturers have developed a unique and convenient way to connect the details among themselves.

Lock type locks (scoring)

This type of locks invented a few years ago. At one end there is a curly protrusion. There is a notch on other lamellae, which allows you to insert laminate and reliably snap them.

During installation, each detail is securely connected. So that the floor covering it is reliable, it is necessary to stop with a hammer-in-dog. It has a wooden or rubber tip. Among the large number of advantages, this type of connection has its drawbacks:

• work should be made by an experienced master;
• with large loads and passability, such a castle will last for several years;
• if you put heavy furniture, ugly deformations, slit begin to appear.

When the floor base has irregularities, pits and recesses, the Lok-locks quickly fail.

Laminate for construction work

For a conventional alone, the expression "building laminate" sounds rather strange, but still it exists. Such technical laminate is used to build formwork, manufacturing temporary partitions, and sometimes to create designer decorative elements in the interior.

To note: the benefits of this material include high moisture resistance, mechanical load resistance, smaller fire hazard (compared to wood) and lower price than other materials similar to its technical specifications.

Typically, construction is used by such laminate with plates, unlike internal finishing works, where the board is applied.

Material for furniture production

Furniture laminate, or laminated wood-chip, is a sheet of chipboard, covered on both sides with a special film. High resistance to moisture allows you to apply it for the manufacture of furniture not only in the office, but also for such premises, like a kitchen and a bathroom.

Laminate for furniture is easily processed, therefore it is used not only in industrial production, but also when building structures at home.

Outdoor laminate

This is the most popular flooring in our time, which is multi-layered wood fiber plates (stabilizing, carrying, decorative), topped with a protective melamine layer, otherwise natural laminate.

The classification of laminate is made according to the following criteria:

• wear resistance;
• thickness;
• type of locks;
• design.

Wear resistance class

The main thing is how the laminate differs from each other, its wear resistance. Allocate the following classes:

• 21, 22 and 23 are varieties of household laminate. Such a coating has a low wear resistance (serves in residential premises from 2 to 6 years) and is currently practically not produced;
• 31 - refers to semi-commercial. In the face of a small office or meeting room, it is capable of listening to 3 years, when used in the residential building, the service life is 9-10 years;
• 32 - Commercial laminate designed for premises with an average load on the floor (boutiques, receptions, offices with a small patency). Service life is up to 5 years, and when used in domestic conditions - 12 years;
• 33 - Such a coating is able to withstand large loads of restaurants and large stores. Manufacturers declare that when used in full force, such a coating will last up to 6-7 years, and at home the term increases to 20 years;
• Grade 34 - quite controversial. Officially, he was not approved, however, some manufacturers label their products as follows what means heavy-duty laminated panels and the ability to withstand huge loads, for example, in bars, airports, etc.

In addition to wear resistance, there is such a concept as resistance to abrasion, denoted by the speakers of the AU. It is checked with the "Taber test", in which the laminate is exposed to grinding with special paper. From the number of revolutions committed by grinding circles before the appearance of scratches on the upper protective layer of panels and to its destruction by 95% and the resistance of the coating to abrasion depends.

As a rule, resistance to the abrasion of the top coating and stability to the loads of the basics of the laminated panel are coincided: 31 Class - AC3, 32 - AC4, 33 - AC5 and AC6. However, there are cases where the larger than the laminate class has a greater resistance to abrasion, for example, 32 class (AC5).

When choosing a floor covering, a laminate marking can help from which it is possible to learn not only class, but also resistance to various impacts, (for example, to moisture, ultraviolet or household chemicals) or care recommendations, (for example, the use of soft furniture legs).

Marking is usually indicated on the packaging of the material, the example can be viewed in the photo.

Thickness panels

The thickness of the laminated boards varies from 6 to 12 mm in increments of 1 mm. Moreover, this indicator affects not only the class of wear resistance, but also on such characteristics as sound insulation and thermal insulation. It also reflects on the assembly of laminate: the thickness of the material, the easier it is to mount it.

Panel size

There is no single standard for the laminated board, so the size of each manufacturer sets independently. Moreover, they can vary by one company depending on the collection. There are both rectangular variants of laminate and square.

However, the assembly of long boards is easier and faster. It should also be noted that when using square junction panels, which over time can manifest themselves. Pictures of the sexes collected from various laminate configuration are presented below.

Type of locks

Another important difference in laminate is the connection type. Regarding this criterion, the following types of laminate can be distinguished:

• laminate with lock lock;
• laminate with Click lock.

Lock Castle - an earlier invention. It is a locking spike on one side of the panel and the groove under it from the opposite side. Laminate with such type of locks is more economical, but laborious and requiring special accuracy in the assembly. Installation is necessarily carried out with the help of a wooden inquiry or an ordinary hammer, but using a small wooden bar, as in the photo.

Click The lock is different from the previous shape of the spike, which in the transverse cut resembles the hook. The panels are collected fairly easily: to the board lying on the floor they join the second, boating hook in the groove at an angle of 45 degrees, and then lowered it. The docking occurred correctly, and the hook hook occurred, will testify the characteristic click. Laminate with such a system of locks is collapsible. I.e. In the process of its laying, you can change the already mounted panels, or if there is a need to use time, for example, in the case of flooding.

Important! So, the main differences of the laminate in the type of locks: the ability or its absence of re-editing of the panel, the quality of the coating assembly (in the second case it is better) and the need to use special tools (absent for click-locks).

Coating design

According to the structure of the surface, the laminate happens:

• Glossy. Often, such a coating is slippery, which is not desirable for families with older people and young children, as the risk of falling increases. Also, it is very clearly visible traces of legs and children's hands;
• Matte. It has gained its popularity, firstly, thanks to practicality (not visible traces from the stop, divorce from the cloth). And secondly, they look more naturally, naturally and do not slide;
• With texture. Very interesting coating, imitating genuine brash wood.

In colors allocate:

• Laminate, imitating a natural board. Standard colors: oak, bleached oak, nut, alder, beech, cherry, rosewood, etc.;
• Laminate, imitating ceramic tiles. The collections of this type are practically every manufacturer (mainly 32 and 33 classes). Usually they are used for home purposes for the kitchen and hall;
• Laminate, imitating the skin. Original, extravagant, but comes far from each room.

All listed species can be both from the fabrication and without. Panels with the chamfer have a rounding or direct scope along the edge. When you go barefoot on the floor from such a material, there is a feeling of junctions between each board.

Our article will be incomplete if we do not mention such a type as self-adhesive laminate. This is a new type of PVC coating, characterized by its flexibility, which greatly simplifies the installation process. Also, adhesive laminate is incredibly resistant to moisture, but, more precisely, it is completely not afraid of water. Its freely can be used in places such as a bathroom, a toilet and a kitchen.

Laminate - finishing material, which has long and firmly entered life, perhaps, of each person, it loves to use professional designers in the work, and for the simplicity of installation, he fell "in the soul" and those who build a house / makes repairs in the apartment independently. There are several types of laminate, experts emphasize that this material has not only advantages, but also disadvantages - it is necessary to own at least minimal information for the competent choice of such an outdoor coating.

First of all, the surfaces of the laminate are distinguished, so the classification of this floor covering is carried out according to this parameter.

Types of laminate by type of their surface:

The next classification of laminate is its classes. The fact is that the outdoor coverage under consideration is divided into just two categories:

• used in residential premises;
• for use in commercial buildings.

Therefore, you need to know which classes of laminate are used in residential premises, and which are suitable for commercial buildings.

Laminate that can be used in residential premises:

• Grade 21 - in rooms where there is no heavy load on the floor covering (for example, in a storeroom or bedroom, office);
• June 22 - in the rooms of middle passability (living room, children's room);
• Grade 23 - withstands high loads (kitchen, corridor).

Interestingly, consumers most often stop their choice on the 23th grade of laminate, it is laid out this floor covering absolutely in all residential premises, regardless of the intended load.

• Grade 31 - load will withstand small (cabinet, small office);
• 32 class - can be used in rooms where the average passability of people (reception in the office) is expected;
• Grade 33 - withstands just huge loads (supermarkets, boutiques).

To more in-depth to study the types of laminate, its capabilities should be familiar with the table below:

Many sellers assume that class 31-33 laminate can also be used to arrange residential premises - this is true, especially since the life of the floor covering in this case will be almost lifetime. But you need to take into account that the higher the class of laminate, the more its cost. Perhaps it is not worth chasing for fashionable advice / recommendations - for residential premises the optimal version is still considered to be the grade of the material under consideration.

Naturally, the ordinary consumer primarily draws attention to the qualitative characteristics of any material - construction or finishing. Before going to the store or at a construction base behind the laminate, it is worth studying all its advantages and disadvantages - it will help to make the right choice.

Advantages of laminate:

From the list of advantages should not be eliminated by the adequate cost of the outdoor coverage under consideration - laminatostaable to the majority of the population. And simplicity in its montage draws attention not only to professional builders, but also absolute beginners in repairs.

Unfortunately, even the most qualitative material has a number of shortcomings - not an exception and laminate.

Disadvantages of laminate:

1. If the class of laminate when buying will be selected incorrectly, the service life of the floor cover is automatically reduced. Even if the housing owner cannot yet calculate the alleged load on the laminate in a particular room, it is better to take the material to the class above.
2. Before laying the material, it will be necessary to spend thorough preparation of the surface - no drops are allowed for more than 3 mm per square meter.
3. There are always joints between the laminate panels - they are "afraid" moisture, therefore the floor covering under consideration is not recommended in the kitchen (there is no talk about the bathroom at all!). But if all the same, the decision on laminate in the kitchen is accepted, then the specialists strongly recommend processing the already laid outdoor coating with a special waterproof solution, and choose panels not on locks, but those that need to glue.
4. If the laying technology is broken, then the laminate is intimidated in the near future. You can only correct the situation in one way - to dismantle the coverage and the new one.

And despite all the shortcomings of the laminate, this type of flooring remains the most sought-after. A very important factor in the selection is also served by the stated simplicity of installation of such an outdoor coating.

To put the laminate with your own hands and get a really beautiful, perfect floor as a result, you need to know the basic rules of the process. Of course, the installation of laminate is characterized by some complexity, but having studied all the details and nuances can be expecting that the ultimate goal will be achieved.

Basic Laminate Installation Rules:

1. It is necessary to prepare the surface - it must be absolutely smooth, the technology is allowed by a drop of no more than 3 mm per square meter. It is not recommended to lay the laminate on the linoleum and the wooden floor - the skews will inevitably appear.
2. Before laying the laminate, it is necessary to take care of the insulating layer - the material in question is manufactured from wood, so any contacts with moisture must be excluded. As such an insulating material, it is possible to use a polyethylene film with a thickness of at least 2 mm, but it is worth knowing - such a layer is placed only on the concrete floor (and its "age") is completely unparalleled), for wooden floors, chipboard or fiberboard worth it.
3. The substrate is necessarily placed on the insulating material on top. It performs the following functions:

• provides sound insulation;
• retains all the qualities of the wrong side of the laminate;
• able to align some minimal irregularities and roughness on the floor;
• additionally, protects the floor covering from moisture.

There are several types of substrate under the laminate on the market, to navigate in their quality and accessibility will help the following image:

1. Now you need to make a preliminary layout of the laminate to select the direction of each panel, designate those fragments that need to trim, customize in size. Moreover, it is necessary to consider that if the floor covering under consideration is placed on the wooden floor, then each fragment of the laminate should be located "in the cross" to the flooring. An example of a pre-layout of laminate can be viewed in this image:

1. We proceed to the direct installation of the laminate - this is done simply and because on each fragment there is a fastening of the "Castle", although there is a glue view of the outdoor coating under consideration. Please note that it is not even a rubber hammer in laminate - it is done only through the cry. And when you will post the first line of cover, be sure to leave a small gap between the wall and laminate - you can insert wedges into it. This will make rid of creaks in their occurrence and will exclude the likelihood that the coating will "behave."

Please note: in each package of laminate there is an instruction on its installation. This document is as a rule, quite well - accurately following the recommendations, each will cope with the work.

LaminatePricy the most popular type of flooring is practical, economical, meets all the requirements for this type of materials.

Outdoor coating for the house can be made of different materials. The main requirement for it is strength, durability, appearance and cost. Natural materials are not suiced. Therefore, one of the best substitutes of the natural parquet today is a beautiful and practical type of finishing, which is available to almost all categories of buyers.

There are several classes of the presented material. It is distinguished by the strength of the upper layer. , Help the advice of professionals will help. Their recommendations will be discussed below.

Features of the material

To understand how to choose a good apartment laminateIt is necessary to consider the features of the material presented. It consists of several layers. For them, various materials apply.

The bottom layer prevents the deformation of the board. It promotes moisture resistance and coating stiffness. It is created from kraft cardboard with impregnation of artificial resins. From above above the bottom layer is the base of the board. This is the carrier material that is created from the fiberboard. Mechanical loads compensate for this material. It prevents heat loss in the room, serves as noise insulation. In this layer, locks are provided for installation of all floor boards.

The top layer prevents wear. Quality I. cost of laminate depend on this coating. What it is thicker and stronger, the longest thing will be the material.

Class

May relate to different strength classes. There are several categories of finishing, which is intended for various types of rooms. Previously, according to the EN 13329 directive, which was approved by European manufacturers, laminate boards were made for commercial premises.

Today, products for home and industrial, office institutions are not distinguished by the group number. For apartments also began to make classes 31-34. Categories 21-23 abolished. Today they are not manufactured.

The class to which the board relates, characterizes the strength of the carrier layer. For top coverage, another classification is used, which characterizes resistance to mechanical damage. It is denoted by the scale of speakers. There are laminate categories 3-6. There are Asian products with the wear-resistance class of the upper layer of AC5.

What does class show?

Considering what class laminate is better for the apartmentYou must be inserted into the system of such marking. Before specifying this indicator, manufacturers conduct a series of tests. Based on the results obtained, the strength class is assigned.

The material is examined by a number of indicators. First of all, the stability of the laminate to the load for a long time is determined. It is checked by its heat resistance, endurance to mechanical wear, impact. Also controlled the strength of the clutch of the layers of boards.

The high-end laminate should be rushing to the sunshine, not to lose its original qualities. It should not appear spots from dirt, liquids. If you get to the surface of the water, the high-quality board does not swell. The surface can not be slippery. A good laminate does not distinguish formaldehyde into the surrounding space. The indicator of antistaticism is checked. Only having received high characteristics in the listed categories, the product can be attributed to a high class of strength.

Features of choice

Laminate Review will allow you to properly select the necessary type of finishing. It is important to understand what questions it is necessary to pay attention to first. The larger the load will affect the floor covering, the stronger it must be.

When choosing, take into account how many people live in the apartment, how much they weigh. Also take into account what furniture will be installed in the room, which items will have to move, without taking them off from the surface.

What fluids should be foreseen, chemicals can enter the surface. If the impact of moisture is long, it will take to buy the most durable type of laminate. Under loaded conditions, it will last long. It should also correlate the base strength class with the features of the surface of the board. For example, the bottom layer can be durable, but the upper coating is quickly extended, loses its appearance due to scratches.

How to choose a class?

Today there are a number of generally accepted recommendations that allow you to choose a strength class in accordance with the needs of the room. The most inexpensive and simple grade 31 laminate is suitable for rooms such as the cabinet and bedroom. The floor in such premises is less prone to load.

Designed predominantly for living room and children. Here the load on the floor will be higher. Grade 33 Designed for the bathroom and kitchen. Here water often falls on the surface. Also, household appliances are installed in such rooms, such as washing or dishwasher. In the process of their work on the floor covering turns out to be a large mechanical load, vibration. In order not to damage the laminate, it should be very durable in such places.

There are 34 class of laminate. It is considered the most durable, but expensive. It is applied in rooms with very high loads. For example, it can be a bathroom or a corridor in a large family.

FEATURES 31 CLASS.

Must be 7-8 mm. This condition is quite consistent with 31 material material. It is able to provide reliable flooring both in the apartment and in the office.

The presented type of board is resistant to different adverse effects. It is not subject to temperature drops. The fallen cigarette will not leave on the surface of the trace. Average abrasion exposure allows you to apply such a laminate in the bedroom or office. However, there should be no furniture on wheels in the room.

The presented type of laminate will serve with proper use of about 10-12 years. This category of finishing has low high humidity resistance. Therefore, it can be installed only in dry rooms with low passability of people. It is not recommended often wiped with a damp cloth during the day. The cost of this material will be the most acceptable for all categories of buyers.

Characteristics of 32 class

Suitable for rooms with an average load, such as a children's room or living room. In such conditions, it is operated for about 15 years. The thickness of such a board is 7.5-9 mm.

The present category presents a large number of textures and shades. This is explained by high demand for this category of laminate. It perfectly combines the price and quality. This material is well repelled water. You can carry out wet cleaning several times a day.

The laminate of the presented class does not fade, is not covered with rapid scratches, scratches. By this coating, you can walk on heels. The surface is resistant to household chemicals. Good antistatic performance prevent dust to the surface. Such a laminate is characterized by high-quality noise insulation. At the same time, a special comfort is created indoors.

Benefits of 33 Class

High laminate quality 33th grade allows you to mount it in high-load facilities. It can be a kitchen or a corridor, a bathroom. Under such conditions, the coating will last about 15 years. If a similar laminate is applied to other premises, in unloaded conditions, it is able to operate about 30 years.

This board can be selected even for gyms, restaurants, shops. The cost of this material is higher than in the two previous classes. However, the life of this laminate will be higher.

The thickness of the presented product is about 12 mm. This is a durable, quiet and comfortable floor. It is not afraid of the prolonged exposure of moisture. Even if there are plenty of water on it, cracks will not appear, swelling. Castles are impregnated with special compositions. This prevents the penetration between the seams of pollution, liquids.

Characteristics of 34 Class

Considering, it is necessary to pay attention to the elite variety. She performs 34 class coating. This laminate appeared later than the rest. He is able to withstand the largest loads. It is most often used in commercial organizations where heavy techniques are installed in the room, machines, there are large vibrations and other adverse effects.

In the apartment, this laminate gives a guarantee that the coating will endure even the highest loads. At the same time, the service life is 50 years. This is the most expensive material. It is laid in apartments extremely rare. Such a coating is withstanding 1000 people per day. This indicator corresponds to the cinema, airport, station or shopping center.

33 Floor Class produces many firms. Market leaders today are products of joint production of Russia and Germany under the brands "Tarkett", "Ritter". Domestic manufacturer Sinteros also demonstrate high quality products. The products of the Belgian company Berry Alloka can be distinguished, the German-Norwegian brand "Maestro Club".

Products 34 Class today supply the Swedish company Perma on the domestic market, the Norwegian manufacturer "Maestro Club".

Examined what class laminate is better for the apartment, As well as the features of this material, everyone will be able to choose the best option.