New forms of health work. Forms, methods and means "healthy lifestyle. Healthy lifestyle and ways of its formation

Forms and methods of work of the class teacher

on the formation of a healthy lifestyle for students.

It is fair to think that health is not everything, but without health everything is nothing.

The modern rhythm of life, environmental problems, the consequences of technological progress - all this has a negative impact on people's health and, above all, on the health of young people. In the modern world, there is a dangerous tendency towards a decrease in the motivation for a healthy lifestyle among the general population, including among young people. As a result, the disappointing dynamics of health disorders of the younger generation is noted. Consequently, urgent measures are needed to create a health care system and develop healthy lifestyle habits for young people. The emerging lifestyle of a young person is an extremely complex phenomenon. This is a process that is taking place before our eyes today and is oriented towards tomorrow.

A young man has to solve many difficult problems on the threshold of adulthood. But it cannot be otherwise.

In recent decades, the life of high school students has become much more complicated. The requirements for a person, his responsibility are increasing, the price of mistakes is growing. The consequences of a rash act are becoming more difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent belated repentance and annoyance with oneself. Therefore, my role as a class teacher is to warn, provide timely assistance, and provide the necessary guidance on this difficult path of growing up.

The goal of my work is to educate a person who is ready and capable of positive change, who knows how to control himself, a person who realizes the need for a healthy lifestyle, experiences a steady desire for regular and independent exercise.

The tasks that I set myself:

To inform students about the negative impact on health of bad habits (drunkenness. Smoking, drug addiction, substance abuse);

Teach to resist bad habits;

Foster a negative attitude towards bad habits;

To foster a desire for physical health and physical perfection;

To educate and develop the need for a healthy lifestyle;

Create a cult of health and a healthy lifestyle in the classroom;

Educate students about the principles of healthy eating;

Involve students' parents in active work to promote a healthy lifestyle.

In order to maximize the pedagogical possibilities regarding this problem, educational means must be interconnected and ordered.

I refuse all-encompassing actions, senseless attempts to grasp the immensity. I use only those methods that my children accept.

I work in close contact with a teacher - psychologist. Social educator, librarian, school health worker, family.

To study the problem of the propensity to manifest bad habits in my classroom, I conduct a survey.

Together with the children, I prepare a block of thematic class hours on the problem of healthy lifestyles, using such techniques as "Brainstorming", drawing up associationograms, discussing proverbs, syncwine, drawing up associative links.

Children participate in competitions for posters, bulletins, create cartoons, meet with doctors, police officers, attend exhibitions organized by the school librarian to promote special literature on healthy lifestyles. Videos are being held - class hours, videos are being shot.

In educating a healthy lifestyle, there should be no constant, endless, boring lectures that lead to the rejection of information. They should be replaced with modern and interesting techniques that can interest the child. To give him the opportunity to speak, to express his vision of the problem.

In order to foster a critical attitude towards bad habits, I use the technology for the development of critical thinking and the technology of group discussion.

The techniques "Situation Analysis", "Graffiti" are interesting and useful.

The ideal variant of educational work and the most productive, in my opinion, is equal friendly interaction between parents, a child and a class teacher, based on the positive.

I organize a meeting of parents with a pediatrician, with a school medical worker on monitoring the health of children. The role of parental public patrols is great.

Children are actively involved in various sports activities.

I promote the inclusion of schoolchildren in various creative associations of interests (sections, clubs, circles).

For me, the personality of a student is the main value and the main object of my concern.

As a result of my work on the formation of healthy lifestyles, not a single child smokes, is not registered in school and is registered in the children's room of the police. There are no complaints from either the school administration or the law enforcement agencies.

Content of the class teacher's work

to preserve and improve the health of students.

The systemic comprehensive program for the preservation and promotion of the health of students is built of the following blocks:

I block - resource provision :

Condition and maintenance of the classroom in accordance with hygienic standards;

Equipping the office with the necessary equipment;

Meals in the school canteen;

Availability of reference and in the office.

II block - organization of the educational process:

Compliance with hygiene standards and requirements for the organization and volume of the study load (homework) of students;

The use of teaching methods and techniques that are appropriate for the age characteristics and capabilities of students;

Compliance with the requirements for the use of technical means in training;

Individualization of training.

III block - educational work with students and parents:

Conversations, consultations on the problems of maintaining and strengthening health, preventing bad habits;

Health Day, contests, holidays.

Block IV - health and fitness work:

Effective work with students in a physical education lesson;

Organization of outdoor games (dynamic pause);

Organization of daily morning exercises before lessons, physical break in lessons, eye exercises;

Conducting sports games, competitions using traffic rules, personal hygiene, etc.

V block - prevention, dynamic monitoring of the state of health of students:

Regular analysis and discussion with parents and a health worker of the results of dynamic observations of the health status of schoolchildren;

Maintaining a class health passport, which clearly allows you to see the increase in morbidity, analyze the reasons;

Involving a healthcare provider in parent education.

Health preservation activities of the class teacher :

Cooperation with the medical staff of the school for the study and subsequent correction of the physical health of the students in the class.

Organization of cooperation with parents of students, parental counseling.

The use of diagnostic research methods in the work for the possible organization of the correction of students' health.

Organization of work on the formation of the correct attitude of students to physical education lessons, to sports.

Carrying out preventive work to prevent accidents.

Formation of students' ability to reflect on their own health problems.

An approximate work plan for the class teacher to preserve and improve the health of students

1. Conducting a classroom meeting for parents to promote a healthy lifestyle, study and rest, organize hot meals.

2. Organization of work with a complex of physical training pauses to relieve students' dynamic load on individual organs and organ systems.

3. Compliance with the sanitary and hygienic regime in the classroom:

Wet cleaning,

Schedule of lessons,

Classroom interior design

4. Work with the health passport of the students in the class.

5. Work on the prevention of child injuries, including road traffic injuries.

6. Organization of work on physical education with children with impaired health.

7. Promotion of a healthy lifestyle with the involvement of specialists.

8. Systematic holding of class hours on the prevention of drug addiction, smoking, alcoholism.

9. Compilation of an insert for books on health issues.

10. Control over families and children in a socially dangerous situation.

11. Participation in competitions for posters, drawings, propaganda teams to promote a healthy lifestyle.

12. Conducting sporting events, contests, competitions.

13. Consulting parents.

14. Conversations with parents on child injury prevention.

15. Creation of corners according to the rules of safe behavior, fire safety rules, traffic rules.

16. Organization of meetings of parents and students with traffic police inspectors, fire service.

17. Drawing up schemes of safe routes for the movement of children to and from school.

18. Compliance with fire safety measures throughout the school year.

19. Conducting briefings with students on labor protection.

20. Organization of circle work aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of students.

Approximate topics of parent meetings, lectures, conversations with parents on the problem of preserving and strengthening the health of students

1. A son is growing up in the family.

2. A daughter is growing up in the family.

3. Children's injuries on the roads.

4. Leisure in the family.

5. Care of parents for the physical and hygienic education of younger students.

6. For a healthy lifestyle.

7. What will your child be like.

8. How does the behavior of parents on the road affect the safety of children?

9. The reasons for the rapid fatigability of primary schoolchildren.

10. Psychological support for younger students.

11. Physical and mental trauma.

Approximate topics of class hours, conversations, competitions with students on the problem of preserving and strengthening their health

1. Conversation "Take care of your life"

2. Conversation "If you want to be healthy"

3. Conversation "A healthy mind in a healthy body"

4. Conversation "Why do we wash our hands"

5. Conversation "What is charging for"

6. Conversation "Caution on the roads!"

7. Cheerful Spartakiad "Magic Ball"

8. Zarnichka

9. The game "Visiting Aibolit"

10. Game "You will be healthy - you will get everything"

11. The game "We are dexterous, brave, skillful"

12. KVN "In spite of the records"

13. Class hour "My hobbies"

14. Class hour "My favorite games"

15. Class hour "My daily routine is my friend and helper"

16. Class hour "We are playing"

17. Lecture by Professor Znayka about proper nutrition

18. Minor Olympics

19. Masquerade of bad habits

20. We have a game in the yard.

21. The Queen of Sports invites

22. Investigation of Sherlock Holmes "Where the appetite disappeared"

23. Sports hour "Merry Express"

24. Start of hopes

25. Three Cs (strength, ingenuity, dexterity) - sports game

The teacher needs to form the child's need to be healthy, to teach him this, to help in an organized way in the preservation and formation of health. Ideally, the student should be a spiritually, physically and socially healthy person, capable of managing and strengthening his health. The main criterion for the effectiveness of work should be the state of physical, psychological, emotional and social well-being of students.

Literature:

1. Aleksandrovskaya V.P. Educational work with high school students. - Minsk: "Narodnaya Asveta", 2011.

2. Bayborodova, L.V. The educational process in a modern school. - Yaroslavl: Publishing house of YAGPU im. K. D. Ushinsky, 2009.

3. Vinogradov P.A., Dushanin A.P. Fundamentals of physical culture and healthy lifestyle. -M: Infra-M, 2010

4. Visits N.N. Lifestyle. Sport. Personality. -M: Infra-M, 2010

"Health forming educational technologies", according to N.K. Smirnov, - these are all those psychological and pedagogical technologies, programs, methods that are aimed at fostering a culture of health in students, personal qualities that contribute to its preservation and strengthening, the formation of an idea of ​​health as a value, motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle.

Health-saving technology, according to V.D. Sonkina is:

conditions for a child's education at school (absence of stress, adequacy of requirements, adequacy of teaching and upbringing methods);

rational organization of the educational process (in accordance with age, gender, individual characteristics, hygiene requirements);

correspondence of educational and physical activity to the age-related capabilities of the child;

necessary, sufficient and rationally organized motor regime.

Under health-saving educational technology(Petrov) understands a system that creates the maximum possible conditions for the preservation, strengthening and development of the spiritual, emotional, intellectual, personal and physical health of all subjects of education (students, teachers, etc.). This system includes:

1. The use of data from monitoring the health status of students, conducted by medical workers, and their own observations in the implementation of educational technology, its correction in accordance with the available data.

Taking into account the peculiarities of the age-related development of schoolchildren and the development of an educational strategy corresponding to the characteristics of memory, thinking, working capacity, activity, etc. students of this age group.

Creation of a favorable emotional and psychological climate in the process of technology implementation.

4. The use of various types of health-saving activities of students aimed at maintaining and increasing the reserves of health, working capacity (Petrov OV)

The so-called Health lessons.

Their main goal is the formation of a culture of health. In many schools, they represent an integral system that covers all age groups of students. They can be carried out both within the educational process and in extracurricular activities.

The experience of work on the implementation of health lessons at one of the schools in the Vsevolozhsk district of the Leningrad region is interesting. In grades 1-4, classes are held in groups of 12-15 people (the class is divided in half), within the framework of the curriculum for all the topics of the program, which are presented in each class commensurate with the student's age. In grades 5-9, the study is carried out modularly on individual topics, and is also integrated with the subjects of the educational field "Natural Science" in grades 5-11, through project activities in grades 1-11. School teachers have developed an integrated course "Health" for grades 5-11, integration with subjects: geography, chemistry, biology, life safety, which is reflected in the school curriculum. The general principles and approaches of the course are used in other disciplines: Russian language, literature, English, mathematics, reading, information technology, labor and others. Areas of integration of the content of health saving programs:

Vertical or connection between knowledge in one subject (anatomy, biology, chemistry, life safety), from simple to complex,

· Horizontal integration - the connection between different subjects (the program "Pedagogy" itself with the listed subjects, as well as issues of preservation in the subjects of biology and life safety, chemistry and biology, geography and life safety) through mutual support, versatility of ideas, integration of skills, complex solution of problematic problems ...

Health lessons contribute to the active involvement of students in solving the problem of developing a healthy lifestyle, help them make sure of the need to maintain their own health, form appropriate motivation, develop the ability to analyze their own attitudes, habits, behavior, stimulate critical thinking and responsible decision-making, while using the entire wide range of educational receptions. The educator helps students master the following skills: positive communication, decision making, problem solving, interpersonal communication, self-standing, resisting negative group pressure from peers, managing stress and anxiety, and coping with emotions. When implementing the program, the teacher is guided not by the transfer of his own knowledge, but by the formation of an appropriate system of ideas of schoolchildren about health and a healthy lifestyle. Preference is given to developing a strategy for health-saving behavior. A system of ideas about health and a healthy lifestyle is being formed in schoolchildren. The formation of a healthy lifestyle culture is a complex problem. We cannot talk only about the ways and methods of health promotion, disease prevention. It is necessary to increase the role of a person's personal qualities in the conscious and volitional acceptance of the principles of a healthy lifestyle, and care for health, its strengthening should become the value motives of behavior. In this case, it becomes necessary to restructure the management of the child's behavioral activity. Undoubtedly, this area of ​​activity lies in the field of professional interests and competence of teachers (V.V. Kolbanov, 1999). The peculiarity of this control is the presence of inertia of feedbacks, the correction of the lifestyle has a delayed effect, the results may appear after several years, in addition, constant monitoring of changes and the encouragement of positive changes in the child's lifestyle is necessary.

A. A. Dmitriev (1990) points out that one of the priority tasks of the school is to concentrate the efforts of the entire teaching staff on the formation of a student's healthy lifestyle. This applies to living conditions, nutrition, regime, educational and cognitive activities, physical education and sports, etc.

A healthy lifestyle in the philosophical literature is interpreted as "a set of typical types of an individual's life, which is taken in unity with the living conditions." In connection with this definition, it is possible to clearly identify the conditions, forms of activity, behavior, communication, interests, needs, customs, traditions among students. The main categories in this case will be their learning activities, communication with peers, parents, teachers, homework, leisure, physical activity, food and sleep. In these very general categories of the schoolchild's lifestyle, there are huge opportunities for the formation of a healthy lifestyle.

A pedagogical strategy for the formation of a healthy lifestyle should contribute to the independent development of students' beliefs based on the acquired knowledge and experience. Thanks to beliefs, first a stable motivation for a healthy lifestyle is created, then valeo-readiness and self-controlled activity in creating one's own health.

V. V. Kolbanov (1999) notes that in addition to positive motivation for his health, a child should have basic knowledge about the body, health and possible ways to strengthen it. However, the author admits that the child may have incomplete information about his actual and possible development, this is due to the prevention of iatrogenism and psychosomatic disorders. Further, the author recommends, when forming a healthy lifestyle, to demonstrate to the child a known analogue (model). Ideally, for children, taking into account their constitutional characteristics, gender and age, such models could be the norms of behavior and health status of parents, teachers, famous sportsmen, science, and art. Unfortunately, very often a child from the “risk group” cannot find such models either in the family or in the media. That is why the school should become a “school of health” for such a child, where he can acquire the knowledge, practical skills and abilities necessary to maintain and strengthen his health. The introduction of a healthy lifestyle in the daily activities of people should be carried out on the basis of the formation of traditions.

Human health (a state of complete physical, spiritual and social well-being) depends on lifestyle (up to 70%), heredity (15%), environment (8-10%), medicine (8-10%). Consequently, the main task in preserving and strengthening the health of children is the formation of a healthy lifestyle culture in them. The lifestyle of a person can be considered healthy if this person actively exists in a favorable psychophysical space, without showing aggressiveness towards himself and the space in dangerous forms.

Based on the study of the works of V.V. Kolbanov, I.I.Sokovni-Semenova, B.N. Chumakov, N.M. Amosov, the main components of a healthy lifestyle can be distinguished:

1. Rational nutrition.

2. Optimal physical activity for the body.

3. Compliance with the daily routine (taking into account individual biorhythms).

4. Prevention of bad habits and the formation of good habits.

5. Increase of psycho-emotional stability.

One of the components of a healthy lifestyle is the rejection of the destroyers of health: smoking, drinking alcoholic beverages and drugs. A successful fight against this or that negative phenomenon is possible when the reasons for this phenomenon are known.

The formation of a healthy lifestyle culture is an incentive to include in the daily life of an individual various forms of behavior that are new to him that are beneficial to health. The creation of an information environment "Health" around the child, which not only directly, but also indirectly affects the formation of his worldview, the mastery of knowledge, on the basis of which it is possible to interact with the outside world competently, safely and with benefit for the body, will gradually lead to the fact that the existing ways to improve health become habitual and grow into a need.

Elena Vyacheslavovna Yurkova, Chief Librarian of the Service Department of the Ryazan Regional Children's Library

Game forms of work in carrying out activities to promote a healthy lifestyle

The need to be healthy is a basic human need. It must be ensured in society by the constitutional right to life, therefore, society is obliged to create a certain minimum of conditions designed to protect the health of its citizen. General human health consists of physical, mental and social health. All of these "types" of health are closely related. Thus, mental health is based on the foundation of the physical, moral and social health is based on the mental. “A healthy mind is in a healthy body,” they said in Ancient Sparta.
In Russia today, only less than 10% of school graduates can be considered healthy. According to the Institute of Developmental Physiology, during the period of schooling in children, the frequency of vision and posture disorders increases 5 times, 4 - neuropsychiatric abnormalities, 3 - pathology of the digestive system, i.e. already existing deviations in the state of health become chronic.
The program "Being healthy is stylish!" has been working in our library for 5 years. And during this time we can already talk about how much it is in demand. It is pleasant to note that the schools of our city are actively involving the library with the program's events in the conduct of decades and months of health. The demand for events is also due to the fact that most of them are based on the use of game forms of library work.

Objectives of the program:

To form in schoolchildren an idea of ​​responsibility for their own health and the health of others;
... Form the basis for critical thinking in relation to knowledge, skills and practical actions aimed at maintaining health;
... Provide students with the necessary information to form their own strategies and technologies that allow them to maintain and improve health;
... Expand and diversify the interaction of library, school, parents and society in the context of health promotion.

The business of the library is to be engaged precisely in informing about the preventive literature available in its arsenals, and not to try to replace doctors, psychologists, and narcologists. An ancient oriental wisdom says: "Let the sick and the sufferer take a book in his hands - there are no medicines stronger in the world."
Alas, we have to admit that, despite the efforts made by doctors, lawyers, teachers, the number of children and adolescents using intoxicating substances continues to grow. And here the mission of the librarian, as a carrier of information, possessing different tools for presenting this information, becomes, as experience shows, very much in demand.
To make schoolchildren, forgetting about their teenage nihilism, from outside listeners who came to the event at the behest of the teacher, turn into active participants in what is happening - this is perhaps one of the main tasks that I set myself when preparing for the event. Therefore, the events combine different forms of library work - games, discussions, creative tasks, elements of a dispute, quizzes are combined with a conversation, elements of a lecture, and all this is supported by an audiovisual series.
In my speech, I will try to highlight some of the events.

Information hour "A lifelong experiment: sport in the life of Ivan Petrovich Pavlov".

This event appeared at the request of the Gymnasium No. 2 of our city. Our compatriot - physiologist, Nobel laureate I.P. Pavlov. And now it bears his name. Everyone knows that Ivan Petrovich was an inveterate city dweller, but not everyone knows that he was fond of gymnastics, cycling, walking, swimming, hardening, and did a lot for the development of the so-called mass physical education. One must see the eyes of younger schoolchildren when they listen to the story about this side of the life of the great physiologist. During the preparation of the event, the publications of a sports journalist and publicist, the author of the subject "Local history sports", which is taught at the Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin at the Faculty of Physical Culture and Sports of Igor Iosifovich Burachevsky.

Conversation with elements of the oral hygiene game "Journey to the Toothbrush Galaxy"

During this lesson, the children will learn: what kind of teeth are, how people relate to oral cavity prevention at different times and in different countries, check and replenish their knowledge of hygiene, and of course, taking into account the psychological characteristics of younger students, all this is accompanied by creative and playful tasks. It should be noted that before the start of the lesson, the class is divided into 2-3 teams.

Cognitive game of noughts and crosses for healthy lifestyle "You will be healthy - you will get everything"

The game "You will be healthy - you will get everything!" designed for students in grades 5-7, built on the principle of the popular game "Tic-tac-toe".
Targets and goals:
- Introduction to the norms of a healthy lifestyle
- Promoting the development of creative, communication skills of children.
- Development of horizons
- Acquiring group work skills.
- To highlight the components of human health and establish their relationship.
Game rules: The players are divided into two teams "X" and "O". As in the usual "Noughts and Crosses", a 3x3 field is drawn. The task of each team is to build either a diagonal, or a vertical, or a horizontal line from their symbols faster than their opponents. Each sector of the field has its own name ("Myth or Truth", "Erudite", "Council of the Wisest", etc.) The command "X" has the right of the first move. Both teams answer the questions of the sector, but the right of the first answer belongs to the team whose captain raised his hand first. If a team wins a round, it places its icon on the playing field in this sector. The team that loses in the round opens the next sector.
Before the start of the game in each playing field, schoolchildren are given a brief introductory information. And after answering the question, the librarian complements the students 'answer, thus consolidating the students' knowledge.
Sector Myth or Truth
- A healthy person is one who is cheerful, active, inquisitive, resistant to adverse environmental factors, hardy and strong, with a high level of physical and mental development.
There are many reasons why there is a deviation in human health. This is an unhealthy diet, the presence of any diseases, a sedentary lifestyle, bad habits and much more. It often happens that many of the assumptions taken as an axiom, in fact, do not have any specific basis.
In this sector, you have to debunk the myths associated with bad habits and give them an accurate interpretation.
1. Smoking helps to relax when a person is nervous.
(MYTH, nicotine is highly addictive.
It influences the activity of the brain, leads to a change in mood.)
2. Tobacco is a drug.
(TRUE. The nicotine in tobacco is addictive.)
3. Alcohol is a stimulant, its use leads to an increase in pep. (MYTH, alcohol is a depressant. It inhibits the activity of the brain.)

Intellectually - cognitive game on healthy lifestyle "Let's remember and not repeat"

Rules of the game:
1. Five teams take part in the game. The winner is the one who first collects five stars, or, if no one has collected five stars, the one who has more stars. Stark tokens can be exchanged for stars
2. At the beginning of the competition, the team calls any number on the playing field, for example, B-5, then the game develops by itself. The leader turns over the square with the named number. On the back of the square there is a sign:
The star is a matter of increased complexity. If the answer is correct, the player receives a STAR token.
Circle - a question, answering which the team receives 3 tokens - ZOZHIK. For 10 tokens - ZOZhikov, you can buy one star.
Cross is a blitz question. All commands respond to it. Those who answered correctly - receive 1 ZOZhik token.
There are signs on the playing field - traps:
Arrow - opens the adjacent square in the direction of the arrow.
Lightning - the team loses all ZOZhiki tokens.
Black hole - the team skips a turn. You can buy off the "black hole" by donating a star or 5 ZOZhiks.
Star Questions (10)
1. This mixture consists of 200 harmful substances, including carbon monoxide, soot, formic acid, hydrocyanic acid, arsenic, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, acetylene, radioactive elements and others. Name the mixture. (Tobacco smoke.)
2. Why are all the organs of a smoker on the "oxygen hungry ration"? (Carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke binds hemoglobin in the blood, and the resulting carboxyhemoglobin cannot carry oxygen.)
Questions for getting three tokens - ZOZhikov (15)
1. The development of what diseases of the respiratory system contributes to smoking?
(bronchitis; tracheal cancer; lung cancer.)
15. Name the Homeland of tobacco: (South America)
Questions for getting one token - ЗОЖика (7)
1. How long after a puff does nicotine appear in the brain tissues?
- 10 minutes;
- 7 seconds;
- 1,5 hour.
2. What bad habit and why causes obliterating endarteritis in a person, in which the vascular system of the legs is affected, sometimes until the vessels are completely closed and gangrene?
- smoking;
- excessive consumption of beer;
- drug addiction.

Intellectual game about bad habits for senior schoolchildren "HLS-darts"

Several teams take part in the game, each of which is given tokens of a certain color. On the board - a circle - darts in color thematic sectors under the numbers are cards with questions. The players take turns pulling out the question number. If the answer is given correctly, then a color token of the command that gave the correct answer is placed on the scoreboard in place of the question card.
The dart circle looks like this:
... Historical sector
How were smokers dealt with in England during the reign of Elizabeth the First?
Smokers were equated with thieves and led through the streets with a rope around their necks.
... Literary sector
In ancient times, tobacco was believed to be healing, it was considered a stimulant and sedative. With the help of smoking, they tried to treat toothache and headache, some skin diseases. One famous literary work of a foreign writer describes how the main character tried to cure a fever with the help of tobacco. “… And suddenly I remembered that the inhabitants of Brazil are treated with tobacco for almost all diseases; meanwhile, in one of my chests lay several packs: one large pack of finished tobacco, and the rest of leaf.<…>I didn’t know how tobacco was used against disease, I didn’t even know if it helped against fever; therefore I made several experiments in the hope that one way or another its effect should manifest itself.<...>My tobacco cure has probably never been used against a fever before; having experienced it myself, I dare not recommend it to anyone. True, it stopped the fever, but at the same time it terribly weakened me, and for some time I suffered from cramps all over my body and nervous tremors. ”What is the name of the literary hero, the author and the title of the book? Robinson Crusoe from the book by D. Defoe

Intelligent sector
Is nicotine any good? Yes, it is used as an insecticide - a substance that kills harmful insects

Practical sector (questions-blitz)
The harm caused by nicotine affects more than just smokers. Scientists in the United States have found that taxes on the tobacco industry are $ 8 billion, and the losses due to reduced disability, illness and premature death are ....
- $ 7 billion
- $ 10 billion
- $ 19 billion

Theoretical sector
They say one drop of nicotine kills a horse. What is the lethal dose of nicotine for humans? 2-3 drops or 50-100 mg. It is this dose that enters the bloodstream after smoking 20-25 cigarettes. The smoker does not die just because the dose is introduced gradually, not in one step.

Multimedia conversations with elements of the business game "Beer Front", "Stop and Think!", "Running in a Circle"

These events are of great interest to high school students. And this is facilitated by their involvement in dialogue, discussion during the event.
Many of the activities for a healthy lifestyle are in demand in the subprogram “Interaction between schoolchildren and judges in the prevention of drug addiction, neglect and delinquency among minors” of the regional project “Meet the Russian judicial system”. A special category of schoolchildren from the so-called "risk group", i.e. prone to committing offenses - the target audience of this subproject. Adolescent nihilism, gaps in family upbringing makes this group of adolescents difficult to communicate. Therefore, we tried to find such methods in the events prepared by us in order to interest the children, to give them the opportunity to assess the situation in which they find themselves and to draw appropriate conclusions. Prepared interactive conversations with elements of the business game "Substance abuse", "Beer front", "Let's talk about drug addiction", etc. allow children not only to receive information, but also to become participants and discussions themselves. Immediately after meeting in the library, "hot on the trail", schoolchildren go on an excursion to the anatomical museum of the Ryazan State Medical University. Academician I.P. Pavlova. Such an algorithm of actions, as shown in the further analysis of the work, has a positive value.

PLAN OF ACTIVITIES
MUNICIPAL LIBRARIES OF MYASNIKOVSKY DISTRICT
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE PROMOTION FOR 2012

A healthy lifestyle today is a requirement of the times. The problem of the formation of a healthy lifestyle is one of the most urgent in the library service of the population, especially young people. Being healthy has become fashionable and prestigious. The library's work in this direction provides for activities that actively promote a healthy lifestyle, promote the organization of leisure activities for young people, attract them to reading, introduce interesting people and their hobbies.

One of the possible solutions to the problem of deteriorating health of primary schoolchildren is the formation of their knowledge of a healthy lifestyle. Knowledge about healthy lifestyles is formed during lessons and in extracurricular activities. In the course of developing ideas about a healthy lifestyle, it is better to give preference to simple methods and techniques: "health lessons", practical exercises, conversations, reading, drawing, observing nature, caring for plants, games, project activities of children. Let's take a look at some of them.

The so-called"Health Lessons" which are held at least once a month. Themes are selected different, relevant to the students of this class. For example, “Moidodyr has come to us!”, “If you want to be healthy,” and others. Children learn poems, participate in quizzes, get to know each other or develop the rules of a healthy lifestyle themselves. As a result, children develop a positive motivation to follow these rules.

For example, consider a summary of the "health lesson" devoted to the formation of knowledge about good nutrition. So the topic "What porridges are made from" tells children about the beneficial properties of this dish, which can become an excellent breakfast option (very useful, inexpensive and easy to prepare). However, in most families today, porridge is not included in the traditional diet, because, as mothers assure us, their children "do not like porridge." Is it possible to make children like porridge? In the classroom, children will learn how to turn their usual porridge into an unusual, tasty dish. An adult first tells the children what additives are used for cereals (raisins, nuts, prunes, etc.). Then the children, using special drawings in a notebook, "cook" porridge for themselves (pupils stick stickers with images of additives or draw these additives into the painted plates) and come up with names for them.

A "Most Tasty Porridge" competition may be organized in the classroom. By agreement with the canteen staff or with the help of parents, several types of cereals are prepared. Teams of children, using additives, come up with their own versions of cereals and names for them, and then treat their comrades.

As practice shows, one such lesson is enough for the children to change their attitude to cereals and breakfast in general. This dish becomes one of their favorite, and parents no longer need to force the child to have breakfast. The reaction of the parents is also interesting, who say: "We ourselves have learned a lot for ourselves", "I also did not like porridge, but now I am happy to eat it with my son."

We consider one of the important methods of forming knowledge about healthy lifestylespractical lessons.

These activities can be done with the parents. Some assignments can be recommended for homework. Let's give as an example several topics that can be used in the process of preventive work with younger students.

1. Clean hands:

– show how to properly wash your hands;

– prove why you need to keep your hands clean when you absolutely need to wash them.

2. Healthy teeth:

– show in the figure the sequence of brushing your teeth;

– brush your teeth with a brush and paste;

– prove why you need to brush your teeth, when and with what pastes (children's "Cheburashka", "I myself", "My sun", "Drakosha", etc.);

– draw up a memo "What our teeth love", "Harmful to the teeth."

3. Beautiful nails:

– show in the picture (draw) how to cut the nails on the hands and feet;

– cut your fingernails correctly;

– speculate why little girls should not grow long nails, paint them with varnish, wear many rings on their fingers.

4. Appearance:

– choose (draw) options for clothes, shoes and hairstyles for school, theater, holiday, home, etc .;

– show how to clean clothes and shoes, sew on buttons;

– prove that it is always necessary to have a handkerchief with you, and explain why.

5. Me and my health.

Draw up a program for your own health improvement for a certain time (for a month, a quarter), including various activities for self-observation, self-regulation and self-healing.

Conversations - a very necessary form of work for children. Their range can be the widest and, first of all, touch upon the problems that most concern children: these are the problems of nature conservation and the prevention of bad habits. Another priority should be the themes of moral, mental health, spirituality, kindness, mercy. Another area is the "alphabet of health": topics of hygiene, healthy behavioral habits, rational nutrition, prevention of fatigue, etc.

Sample conversation questions:

How many wants to be healthy? What is health?

On what and on whom does people's health depend?

Who should help, health - the person himself or other people - what and why?

Can a person help his own health and that of others? How can he do this?

What is the best way to take care of your health - alone or together, and why? Is friendship good for health?

Painting - A powerful way to overcome communication barriers, this process helps children relax and focus on their thoughts. Drawing combined with writing or dialogue can be an excellent method for examining children's health perceptions. This is how children express thoughts that are difficult for them to express with words.

Kids should express themselves as fully as possible, substantiating their point of view, proving, arguing. The educator might ask the children to think about things they could do to keep themselves healthy and draw as many of these things as possible. Then - sign the pictures. After 20 minutes, turn the sheet over and think about all the things that they could do in order not to be healthy, draw them and also sign them. The lesson ends with a general active discussion.

The “Draw and Write” technique is very popular with kids. This way of self-knowledge teaches them to analyze their own experience, reflect on their actions and desires.

Literary reading can also be used as a method for the formation of knowledge about healthy lifestyles. For example, let us give a summary of the lesson dedicated to the work of M. Twain "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer." During the lesson, the teacher can set the following goals: To acquaint with an excerpt from M. Twain's novel, to teach to analyze the actions of the heroes; develop the skill of conscious reading, students' speech, attention, imagination; foster a negative attitude towards bad habits, in particular towards smoking.

An excerpt is offered for reading, which describes the first experience of smoking a pipe by the protagonist and his friend Joe. Before reading, pre-trained students talk about tobacco. After reading a passage in a chain by strong students, the teacher asks questions and listens to the students' answers:

W. Why do you think Joe went to look for the knife and Tom went to help him? How did Joe say? And Tom? Read it.

Find in the text and read where and in what condition did Huck find the boys?

Children answer.

– What happened in the child's body? Read about it in the text.

On the desk:

- Blanching of the skin (disruption of the cardiovascular system)

-Nausea, dizziness, muscle weakness (nervous system reaction)

- Vomiting (non-acceptance of tobacco by the digestive system)

Poor condition of tooth enamel (the appearance of microcracks due to temperature differences, since the temperature of tobacco smoke is 55-60 ° C, which is 40 ° C higher than the temperature of the air entering the mouth)

In addition to literary reading, in relation to the consolidation of useful habits, the formation of a positive attitude towards physical and moral health, play is of great importance in the pedagogical arsenal of the teacher..

The game - this is the most effective type of activity in the student-teacher chain, which allows you to maintain the child's productive working capacity for as long as possible. In games, children enter into various relationships: cooperation, subordination, mutual control, etc. Using the game, the teacher reveals great potential, subordinating the rules of the game to his educational and upbringing tasks. What kind of games can be used to form knowledge about healthy lifestyles.

Firstly, these are outdoor games that reinforce the skills of motor activity, as well as ensure the child's socialization through collective activity. As a rule, such games do not require any special equipment or inventory. They are easily accessible almost anywhere, be it a clearing in the forest, or just a small area in the yard. Each outdoor game has rules that provide for the necessary spatial orientation, determine the goal and methods of the child's actions. The rules establish the location of the children and the driver, the boundary of the action, the direction of movement (you need to run forward and then back; you need to run scattered across the entire site). However, unexpected changes in the game situation or the driver's actions, as well as signals, require the child to have a different, instant response, the ability to consciously navigate in space, adapt his actions to the changed environment, and find the most rational ways to fulfill the game rules.

Outdoor play creates favorable conditions for mastering spatial orientation, improves perception and ideas. Constantly comparing and refining the impressions received from actions in the environment, the child learns to be observant, realizes the relationship between objects in his environment. The games improve the knowledge acquired in the exercises about the direction of movement, locations and mutual positions of objects.

In exercises and outdoor games with elements of competition, the creative attitude of children to motor activity is brought up; personality traits such as purposefulness, aspiration, responsibility, criticality of thought, persistence in overcoming difficulties, observation, activity are formed; development of fantasies, initiative and dedication, the ability to implement a creative concept in practice. The child learns to look at the familiar in a new way. All this is necessary for a person in his future activities.

It is very important that a significant portion of the sessions are conducted outdoors. Motor activity in the air enhances metabolism, redox processes, improves the functioning of all organs and systems.

Let's give an example of outdoor games. Before the start of the games, the teacher announces aloud the motto - "Prevention of aging - in infinity of motion".

The favorite pastime of all children is to run, jump, play. Today we invite grandmothers to play. The first game is called "Ringbros".

Rules of the game

One of the grandmothers has a holder in her hands. Each student has three rings. The children take turns throwing the rings. The number of hits corresponds to the number of points.

The second game is called "Train".

Rules of the game

At the signal of the teacher, each team must make a "train" on the floor, using the contents of their pockets, clothes, shoes, etc. Supporter assistance is excluded. The first team to reach the teacher wins.

The results of the games are summed up, the number of points is calculated.

Secondly, intellectual games that reinforce the basic concepts, ideas, knowledge on the problem of a healthy lifestyle. An example of such a game would be the Guess the Word game. Consider the content of this game:

1. By rearranging the letters, guess the words and tell what helps a person to be healthy.

On the desk:

2. Movement, walking, routine, proper nutrition and, of course, caution. One form of maintaining health is movement. Movement is life. A person who moves a little, quickly grows old, grows fat, becomes decrepit. It's not for nothing

People from birth

They cannot live without movement.

– Walking is essential to relieve stress, maintain a good mood, meet friends, and relax. Finish your day with a walk, play for a few hours in the air, and you will immediately feel that you have become more vigorous and that your studies have gone better.

– Proper nutrition is the key to longevity. Improper nutrition leads to disease.

– A person should be attentive and careful everywhere: at home, on the street, at work, when handling animals. Caution is one of the most important qualities of a person that prolongs his life.

– The regime is as necessary as air. The correct distribution of time throughout the day relieves fatigue of the whole organism, increases its efficiency.

Thirdly, games using elements of psychodrama or theatrical replay of situations, reinforcing role stereotypes (the ability to say “no!” In a critical situation, the formation of communication skills, critical reflection on bad habits, etc.).

Fourth, long-term role-playing games, in which all the project activities of "large" and "small" collective creative deeds are built.

Intellectual games, which are very attractive for a child as a young TV viewer, should be especially noted. The rules do not require any special explanation, because each of the participants could watch them on TV. We are talking about the "brain-ring", KVNakh, "Field of miracles", "What, where, when", "Happy accident", "Oh, lucky." The incentive in such games, of course, cannot be material reward, but the system of incentive points with the correct pedagogical instrumentation is very effective.

Children's project activities ... For children of this age, work is available on individual-group mini-projects on the topic "Preserving health". Work on projects can be structured in the following way: first, health problems that arise in school-age children are identified; then proverbs about health are collected from collections, magazines, children's newspapers; after that, each of the children can choose proverbs suitable for their topic. The collection of information is recorded by students in a draft version on a worksheet compiled by the teacher for the student's individual work outside the classroom.

Throughout the year, children work on the problem of preserving health and prepare portfolio folders: “Preservation of vision”, “Regime of the day and health”, “Dental care”, “On the dangers of smoking”, etc., and arrange stands on relevant topics. The result of the work should be lessons that it is advisable to conduct using computer presentations, which will especially arouse the interest of children in such lessons.

Another project could be a classroom landscaping project. Each student works independently on an individual project, choosing for himself a certain indoor plant, not only decorative and attractive, but also beneficial to human health. First, he does the search work, filling out the draft worksheet. One of the points of the "Worksheet" is to determine the benefits of the plant. As a result, a meaningful guide to useful indoor plants should be compiled under the title “Garden on the windowsill. Beauty or benefit? " In addition, each student himself must plant and grow a useful plant, information about which he collected. For example, violet: helps to improve mood, has the ability to calm down, lowers blood pressure, etc.; golden mustache: releasing phytoncides, the plant destroys bacteria, gives a surge of strength, vigor and improves well-being; pelargonium: its fragrant essential oils freshen the air, purifying it of harmful impurities, it is believed that it has positive energy for humans; other.

Thus, in the work aimed at the formation of knowledge about healthy lifestyles in younger schoolchildren, any methods of working with children, an entertaining conversation, a story, reading and discussion of children's books on the topic of the lesson, staging situations, watching slides, film strips, films, etc., are important for mastering knowledge about a healthy lifestyle. The forms of organization of the educational process can also be varied: classes in the classroom and in nature, excursions, lessons - travel, lessons - KVN, holidays, games, quizzes, etc. The effectiveness of the formation of knowledge about healthy lifestyles will largely depend on the variety of methods that the teacher uses in his work, as well as taking into account the age characteristics of younger students when choosing these methods and the personal example of the teacher and parents.

Output

In the modern sense, the concept of "healthy lifestyle" is a set of forms and methods of active life activities of a person, contributing to the full performance of educational, labor, social and biological functions. A healthy lifestyle is an active state of a person, which requires the manifestation of volitional efforts, understanding of actions and behavior, leading to the preservation and strengthening of physical and mental health, restoration of working capacity.

A healthy lifestyle unites everything that contributes to the successful fulfillment of educational, play, work activities, social and domestic functions, performed in optimal conditions, contributing to the preservation, strengthening of health and increasing efficiency. The main content of the process of forming a healthy lifestyle in younger schoolchildren is made up of complex health-improving measures (optimally organized daily routine, systematic exercise, rational nutrition, medical and preventive measures) aimed at preserving, strengthening the health and improving the performance of younger students, as well as activities aimed at prevention of bad habits.

In the formation of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle in a younger student, the teacher can use various active groups of forms and methods, using them in the construction of the educational process, varying them, however, the greatest efficiency in education can be expected only when the teacher himself is an example to follow , and when work will be done in the system.

As part of the implementation of health-saving educational technologies, teachers can use the following forms of educational and extracurricular work: conversations, work with a book, matinees, games, competitions, lessons and health holidays.

All these activities contribute to the formation of the child's knowledge about healthy lifestyles, the position of recognizing the value of health, a sense of responsibility for maintaining and strengthening their health.