Cool the air in the apartment without air conditioning. Mobile air conditioner - budget cooling of an apartment and a summer house. Simple and straightforward system

1. The fact that your house has turned into a branch of the Finnish sauna is to blame for the direct sunlight that penetrates through the windows and heats the air. The first step is to shade the windows or lower the blinds on them. It is best to live in the heat for people who have thick white linen curtains. White reflects the sun's rays, and flax, according to popular beliefs and flax sellers, cools the air.

2. Another reliable way to block the sun's rays is to order window tinting. The windows will be sealed with a protective film, and you will be able to see your yard in pretty bluish tones (however, you can choose any color in which you would prefer to observe the neighboring old women). The main thing is not to overdo it, and not to make the tint too thick: in cloudy dark weather, your dwelling will be dark and dull.

3. For those who are too lazy to tinker with tinting, we suggest tinkering with foil and double-sided tape. The windows facing the sunny side are covered with foil, creating a beautiful rustling shade for themselves. Experts advise to glue the tape not on the glass, but on the frame; the housekeeper who washes your windows will thank you later.

4. The vents you opened should be closed to reduce the supply of warm air from the street. It is best to ventilate the room in the early morning, before sunrise, or in the late evening.... The smartest will probably leave the windows open all night.

In the heat, the best entertainment is wet cleaning.

5. To maintain humidity and coolness, we recommend decorating your interior with wet towels, which are hung here and there. You can simply wet the curtains and sometimes spray them with refreshing mint or citrus scent from a spray bottle (a couple of drops of scented oil in a bottle of water). As part of the program to increase the humidity in the house, ask the girls who came to you to walk around the territory exclusively in wet T-shirts. And they are cooler, and you have something to examine.

6. Ask the housekeeper to come more often (she can wear a dry T-shirt). The fact is that in hot weather it is best to do wet cleaning every day: at least wipe the door handles with cool water. And at the same time ask her to get rid of the carpets (do you have carpets? The rug by the front door does not count). At temperatures above 25 degrees, it is easiest to walk around the house, like Leo Tolstoy, barefoot. Carpets will spoil the whole feeling of the marvelous chill from the laminate.

7. In addition, you can buy a humidifier, but you need to be careful: in the hellish heat, your Finnish sauna has every chance of turning into a Turkish one. But if you've darkened the windows correctly, chances are a humidifier will do good. Don't overdo it: extreme darkness and humidity can bring new life forms into your nest, such as moldy wallpaper.

8. Make sure that there are no strong sources of air heating in the apartment: the batteries have already been turned off, 4 burners do not work on the kitchen stove at once, the lamp TV is pulled out of the network. Summer is a good time to replace a cave computer with a warming system unit the size of a closet with a handy tablet.

9. If the above tips no longer help cool the air, it's time to make a homemade air conditioner. Freeze water in plastic bottles and place them on a tray in front of the fan. You can direct the fan jet to that point in space that needs it most. For example, on yourself. It's time to change direction the moment you look around for a sweater.

10. These same plastic ice bottles can be thrown into your bed. And before going to bed, put the anti-heating pads in the freezer again. Choose silk instead of cotton bedding - silk tends to slightly cool the skin.

11. If you are seriously concerned about the problems of global warming in your home, plant spreading trees under your windows. Years will pass, and a fertile shadow from green spaces will fall on the windows. For the same purpose, you can plant a flower garden on the balcony. At a meeting of the HOA, offer to paint the house in light colors. And what - in hot Arab countries everyone does this.

12. Surely you remember from the school physics course that warm air rises upward. When the heat takes over, take the lowest point in space. Lie down on a low sofa or even on a rugless floor. It is good to think about the vicissitudes of the weather here.

Dry air and high temperatures reduce performance, mood and well-being of a person. This microclimate is especially dangerous for people with weakened immunity and the elderly. Climate equipment is able to solve this problem, but not everyone can afford it due to the high cost. However, it is possible to cool a room without an air conditioner using available means. They will give a temporary effect, but they can make life much easier during periods of unbearable heat.

We ventilate the rooms

In the summer, it is useless to ventilate the room after 9 a.m.

During the heat, it is highly discouraged to open all the windows wide open, especially if the outside air temperature exceeds +30 ºС. Even if there is no cooling equipment in the house, the microclimatic conditions in it are much more comfortable than outside. If you open windows during the summer heat, the room will be heated to the same temperature as outside, and the person's well-being will deteriorate.

The same applies to windows that are located on the shady side. It will not work to make the air in the house cooler due to the fact that on the sunny side all the windows are closed, and in the shade they are open, it will not work, because in any case there will be an exchange of air masses, and it does not matter from which side they entered the dwelling.

You need to ventilate the apartment at night or early in the morning. The coolest time of the day is from 4 to 7 o'clock.

We remove direct sunlight

The vast majority of the heat enters the room due to direct sunlight. To create a favorable microclimate, it is recommended to curtain all windows or lower the blinds. The denser the curtain material, the slower the apartment heats up. Of course, darkness spoils the mood, it is more pleasant to enjoy bright sunlight, but in this case you will have to make a choice between comfort and personal preferences.

If the curtains on the windows are transparent and thin, you can use a special reflective film or foil. They are glued to the windows to prevent direct light from entering the room. Foil can also be glued to walls - it will reflect heat and keep you cool for a long time.

To cope with ultraviolet radiation, you can use light filters.

An alternative to an air conditioner in an apartment is energy efficient windows with a polarizing coating. They keep warm in winter and cool in summer. This option is suitable for those who are going to make major repairs or change window structures.

Regulating humidity

Air washing operation scheme

Air humidity is a significant factor affecting the microclimate in the house. Hot dry air can cause dizziness, nausea and fever, so it is wise to install a humidifier in your room. It will not completely replace the conditioner, but it will help to noticeably improve your well-being. It can also be used in the autumn-winter period, since working batteries and other heating elements dry the air. A household humidifier is a must-have if there are children in the house.

Allergy sufferers and asthmatics will benefit from moist air as dust particles are nailed to the floor. This will help avoid exacerbation of the disease. Another device suitable for this purpose is an air washer. It performs the following functions:

• moisturizes the room;
• cleans from dust, all kinds of viruses and fungi;
• ionizes the air;
• fills the room with any fragrance of your choice.

When buying a moisturizing or cleaning device, you should also regularly do wet cleaning, wash floors and take care of furniture.

Humidification and cooling of a house without an air conditioner is possible with the help of available tools.

Hang a large sheet in a doorway or window opening, and lower the ends into a container of water. It will gradually get wet and evaporate, giving the room coolness. However, this method is only suitable for the shady side of the apartment. Otherwise, the sheet will dry out very quickly in direct sunlight. The humidity will be very high and the microclimate will feel like the tropics. As a result, breathing may become difficult. Excessive perspiration will evaporate very slowly due to the high humidity.

To cool the room in the heat without air conditioning, ordinary cold water will help. Place containers around the room, fill the tub, or simply turn on ice water. Cool air from the bathroom will spread throughout the apartment. Additionally, you can put ice cubes in bowls and change them as needed. Such methods simultaneously help humidify the air.

Leave a bowl of cold water and napkins near the bed before bed. If it gets too hot, moisten your face, neck, and ears to help breathe.

A refrigerator can help cope with the sweltering heat before bed. At the beginning of the day, put sheets, pillowcases, duvet covers in it. Make them your bed in the evening. You should not lie down on ice-cold laundry right away, otherwise you may catch a cold.

Optimizing fan performance

In the summer, many people try to cool the air using a fan. They use it to make the house cool and comfortable. This feeling is created due to the constant movement of air masses. During this process, sweat glands, which are located in human skin, secrete sweat. Due to ventilation, it evaporates and the person feels cool.

A fan cannot become an alternative to an air conditioner, but if you place it near your workplace or bed, it will be much easier to endure a hot period. It is rational to place this device near a window or door. This method is relevant for those whose house is on the sunny side: hot air will move from the apartment to the street.

You can create a homemade cooler from a fan. Fill plastic bottles or other containers with water and place in the freezer for several hours. When the water freezes, place the bottles in front of the fan so that the air flow is directed exactly at them. After 10-15 minutes, the room will cool down significantly. Bottles should be replaced as the ice melts.

Turning off household appliances

To feel comfortable at home, you must turn off all appliances that generate heat, if possible. Otherwise, even without this, the hot room will heat up additionally. Disconnect batteries and heated towel rails. They can be powered by electricity or hot water.

Each heating or heating device generates up to 400 watts of heat. This is enough to heat a small bathroom, so it is best to refuse them during the heat.

Heat is also emitted by electrical appliances, albeit in a fairly small amount. It is recommended to replace incandescent lamps with energy-saving ones. Just 5 conventional bulbs can generate as much heat as one small radiator. Incandescent bulbs are uncomfortable in the heat and consume a lot of electricity, so replacing them is a great solution.

Hot air travels through the house much faster than cold air. Close the kitchen door when cooking for a long time. If possible, during periods of abnormally high temperature, do not use the stove or kettle, cook food in the microwave.

To make it easier to endure the heat, it is recommended to remove all unnecessary things from the house: carpets, warm textiles, everything that retains heat. It is much more pleasant and comfortable to walk on linoleum or parquet in the summer.

Drink plenty of fluids. It is important to take into account that ice water has a deceptive effect. It is much easier to tolerate the heat when drinking hot tea, as it raises the body temperature and provokes perspiration.

Avoid hot and heavy meals. Give preference to salads, okroshka, dairy products, fruits and vegetables.

During the peak of the heat, try to move less so as not to generate heat in your body. Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing made from natural fabrics. A cool cloth wrapped around your head and wet wristbands will bring relief.

The summer season is not always associated with the positive. Warm weather can easily turn into exhausting heat, in which being in the house becomes unbearable both day and night. Not only the direct rays of the sun are to blame for this, but also the high temperature outside, as well as the lack of wind.

There are a lot of ways to combat heat in the house, among which the air conditioner is in the first place. However, what if there is no air conditioner or split system at home? How to cool a room in hot weather without air conditioning? There are several answers to this question, and we will try to reveal everything.

7 ways to cool a room in hot weather without air conditioning

We have long been accustomed to enjoying the benefits of civilization without thinking that there were no technological advances that were useful to us. The question arises, how did our ancestors cope with this or that problem? For example, how did you cool the room in the heat without air conditioning? But they succeeded quite easily. A few very simple ways, such as airing, creating a humidifier, draft, etc., that do not require special costs, we will consider below.

1. Close the curtains

The reason for the heating of the air in the room is the penetration of direct sunlight. To avoid this, it is recommended to close the windows tightly during the daytime. In this case, it is preferable to have light curtains made of natural material, for example, flax.

Dark curtains will absorb heat and spread it around the room, acting like a stove. If you can't change them, try reflecting the sun's rays. For this purpose, foil is suitable, which can be attached to the window with regular or double-sided tape. You can also use tinting for the window, which will reliably protect the room from the sun's rays.

1. Getting rid of dust

The next step is to get rid of the so-called "dust collectors", which also attract and retain heat for a long time. Among them, in the first place are carpets and rugs. To make the air cleaner and cooler. These types of wall and floor coverings need to be rolled up and removed before the colder period. You also need to do with warm blankets and bedspreads. As for the upholstered furniture, which can also be classified as "dust collectors", it can be covered with a white sheet, or another light, light and natural piece of fabric. In the evening, after such manipulations, your favorite sofa or chair will seem cool.

1. We save electricity

A gas burner, light bulbs, a TV screen, a computer monitor and a system unit are all capable of heating the air in a room by several degrees. Therefore, in hot weather, it is recommended to refuse to turn on this type of electrical appliances. If it's very boring, you can read a book, or change your computer to a gadget with less heat dissipation, such as a tablet, or a phone.

1. Airing

Airing the room will allow you to breathe more freely. However, it is preferable to do this at night. Sleeping with an open window or vent will be much more comfortable. In the daytime, all the vents and windows must be tightly closed, except for hot air, such ventilation will not bring you anything.

1. Moisturizing

Humidification will help to cope with dry hot air in the room. The easiest way to humidify the air is daily wet cleaning. However, his action is enough for a couple of hours, and a lot of effort is expended. Therefore, we bring to your attention a few more ideas.

You can humidify the air in the apartment by hanging wet rags on cabinets and chairs. Before they have time to dry, the air will remain humid and cooler. Any kind of spray gun is also useful. After filling it with water, spray the curtains. If you drip aromatic oils into the water, then in addition to moisture, the air will be filled with your favorite scent.

Filling the tub with cold water and leaving the door open will also help humidify the apartment. Moreover, you do not need to especially monitor such a humidifier.

There is another way that you can also provide long-term hydration. To do this, hang a cotton sheet in the room, and lower the lower ends of its ends into a basin of cold water. Gradually getting wet, the sheet will release moisture to the air, and will remain wet for a long time.

Important! It is necessary to be extremely careful with humidifying the air, the main thing in this matter is not to overdo it. Otherwise, the apartment may turn into a bathhouse, and mold will appear on the walls.

1. Draft

The creation of a draft will increase the speed and quality of ventilation at times. However, one should not forget that it is better to arrange a draft at night or in the morning, when the sun has not yet had time to warm the air. To make the draft more effective, it is best to open windows in rooms located on different sides of the house.

Be careful, even in very hot weather it is possible to catch a cold in a draft.

1. Fan

Using a fan even in the middle of the day can make airing a room much easier. To maximize the effect, place the appliance as close to the floor as possible.

Plus, with a little bit of ingenuity, the fan can help cool and humidify the air more efficiently. To do this, place mugs or any other utensil filled with cold water and ice in front of the fan, or by directing a stream of air from the appliance through a damp sheet. Almost immediately, you will notice how it became much easier to breathe in the room, and the long-awaited coolness spreads throughout the house.

If you have one more fan in stock, then you can arrange a draft even in the daytime. To do this, install one of the devices, directing the air stream through the window, and transfer the other to the next room, while the air stream should be directed into the house. Thus, you have contributed to the creation of an artificial draft. Driving even hot air around the apartment, but at high speed, such a draft can significantly facilitate existence in the heat.

As you have noticed, there are many different ways to cool a room in the heat without air conditioning. You can easily choose the most suitable one and survive the hot summer without much effort and inconvenience. When humidifying and ventilating the room, be careful, everything should be in measure.

How to cool yourself in the heat (video)

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In hot summer, the thermometer goes off scale, and the whole atmosphere in the apartment melts. If an air conditioner is installed in the room, then in a matter of minutes it is able to reduce the temperature to a comfortable level. However, not everyone has a cooling technique, so today we are talking about how to cool a room without an air conditioner in a sultry heat.

Systematic ventilation of the room

Creating a constant flow of air can lower the temperature in the room. Remember some points:

• The lowest temperature is recorded in the time interval from 4 to 7 in the morning. It is at this time that you should saturate the room with freshness and coolness. If you have no idea how you can wake up so early, then open the windows the night before at 22.00-22.30.

• Ventilation is perhaps the most effective way to cool off, if not to break the schedule.
• If you open the windows at 12-16 o'clock, you will only further aggravate the situation, because the room will be filled with scalding air.

Systematic humidification of the apartment

• To cool a room in hot weather by 2-5 degrees, humidify the air regularly. This can be done using an ordinary spray.
• The heat is felt even stronger if the house has a reduced humidity, but higher humidity is also unacceptable. The main thing is the right balance.
• To cool down, you can hang wet clothes around the room or spray water from a spray on the curtains.
• Place containers of water around the perimeter, and if you wish, you can flavor it with a few drops of aromatic oils of citrus, mint or lavender.
• We recommend filling the dishwashing detergent container with running water. Spray the liquid over the entire area of ​​the apartment every hour. And for more effect, spray a little liquid on yourself. With vapors, the body will noticeably cool.

Using foil to cool the room

Oddly enough, this material copes well with high temperatures.

• Buy rolls of 5 meters or more.
• This material should be glued to walls or windows on either side. For maximum effect, cover the glass area completely.
• This method is especially relevant if you live in an apartment with windows facing the southwest and south sides. It is there that the highest intensity of sunlight is observed.
• You can also cool a house in hot weather with foil because the material prevents the sun from penetrating to carpets, furniture and other interior elements, which heat up causes an increase in temperature.
• Research by scientists has proven that every room is heated not just from the air, but from objects on which the rays fall. Heated objects get into heat exchange with air, which is why a suffocating heat occurs in the house.
• The only negative is the aesthetic component. Foil glued on walls and glass does not add beauty to the interior.

Blackout curtains

Blackout curtains not only add coziness and beauty to the room, but also help to regulate the air temperature.

• Beginning at 8:00 or even earlier, close the curtains tightly to keep the sun out.
• Get blackout, heavy curtains, and curtain south-facing windows.

Interesting! Curtains are considered impenetrable if not a single ray of light penetrates through the straightened fabric.

• Do not buy items made from synthetic materials, as they will worsen the heat when heated.

Glass darkening

This method is suitable for residents of southern apartments.

• A special shading film is glued to the entire window area for protection. It is most often of a greenish and bluish tint, and its action is aimed at preventing the penetration of sunlight.
• The disadvantage of this method is that natural colors outside the windows are lost.

Blinds for cooling

If you don't want to cover windows with foil, you can easily replace them with blinds.

• Thin stripes, covered all day, trap up to 90% of the sunlight.
• Decide on the material from which the strips will be made. For maximum absorption of the sun, it is better to choose wooden ones.
• should be at least a couple of times a year.
• Opt for fabric vertical roman blinds for a cozy atmosphere.

Getting rid of unnecessary things

Have you noticed that in the summer it is a pleasure to walk around the naked, cool half?

• The solution to the problem will be to get rid of the carpet and send it for cleaning. It is he who becomes a reflector that prevents the penetration of coolness from the floor into the room.
• If you own wall hangings, it is best to remove and clean them as well.
• When removing the floor covering, check the condition of the floor. If it is too wet, fungus may appear on the surface. and prime the surfaces.

Using cooling ice

Cooling an apartment without a split system using plain ice will turn out to be a few degrees. To do this, freeze the molds with water in the freezer, and after freezing them, throw a few cubes on a plate.

Use of the kitchen

• To cool the air in summer, try to minimize kitchen work.
• A working oven or stove will significantly increase the temperature in the room. After an hour of work of the stove, it is simply unrealistic to be in the kitchen.
• Note that heating occurs both from the ignited gas and from the electric stove.

Wet cleaning

• In summer and early spring, it is necessary to carry out wet cleaning as often as possible.
• By wet cleaning we mean wiping windows, shelves, doors, mopping floors and changing bed linen.
• This method will quickly reduce the heat, and moisture evaporation will normalize heat transfer processes.

Electronic devices

• Try to minimize the use of household appliances and other electronics during the day.
• These are irons, vacuum cleaners, PCs, TVs or printers.
• This method will also help reduce energy costs.
• In the bathroom, turn off the heated towel rail, because in the summer it is better to dry things on the balcony.

Wet sheets

Another tip for cooling a room in hot weather without an air conditioner.

• You will need basins of water and sheets.
• Place the basin near the door, and hang the sheet on the door so that its edges are in contact with the liquid. The fabric, gradually absorbing water, will cool the room.
• In this case, you should choose a larger sheet.

Homemade air conditioner

It is possible to cool the room with a fan, for this you will need several liters of running water in the load.

1. Fill bottles or bowls with water, place them in the freezer for 3-4 hours.
2. After the water has turned to ice, remove it from the freezer and place it near the fan so that the air from the blades blows over the ice.
3. The fans cooling the room will help after 5 minutes of operation.
4. To prolong the effect, periodically replace the melting containers with new ice ones.

Interesting! Ventilation devices that cool the air work by moving air from one side to the other, and during operation, their motor heats up a lot. Use them only when you are in the room.

Cooling down without an air conditioner and a fan is difficult, but there is still an alternative. You can see her in Brazilian TV shows. The fixture is called a ceiling fan. This expensive pleasure (price about 4000 rubles) is absolutely silent, does not create drafts and does not heat the room with a motor.

Unfortunately, there is no perfect weather. Using the proposed methods, you will be able to cool the living space and increase the level of living comfort in the summer.

Video: How to make an air conditioner from a fan

Cooling the air in summer is one of the homeowner's primary concerns. How to use the energy that surrounds us for this purpose and make air conditioning practically free, this article will tell.

The importance of ventilation can hardly be overestimated. We will not repeat what has been described many times and will focus on our own task - to cool and refresh the air in the house. Traditional ventilation systems can be quite expensive for the device due to the cost of components and assemblies, as well as the cost of qualified installation work.

During operation, they consume a significant amount of electricity, especially for cooling the air mass, generate a lot of heat and create noise. The system described in this article is easy to install, energy efficient, requires no special skills, and is intuitive. It should be noted right away that due to its simplicity, it has limited functions, however, it provides for modernization at any site at any convenient moment.

In our case, the term "recuperation" is a synonym for the word "heat exchange", therefore the concepts "recuperator" and "heat exchanger" are interchangeable. At the physical level, the process consists in cooling / heating air, in changing its temperature due to the consumption of thermal energy, and then mixing. How and why this happens, we will consider further.

Stable energy source

In pursuit of the goal of lowering the temperature in the room in the summer, it is reasonable to ask the question: “Where to give the energy of the heated atmospheric air? How to cool it? " Here the forces of nature come to our aid. The fact that the ground temperature is constant at a certain depth will be our main argument when justifying the energy efficiency of the system.

The soil is capable of endlessly exchanging energy - to cool and heat any medium (air, water), but only to its own temperature at a given depth, which remains constant due to the relative stability of the earth's core.

International practice

Of course, we are far from the first who decided to use the infinite and free energy of the Earth. In European countries, which are usually called developed (Germany, Sweden, Belgium, etc.), this energy has been used since the beginning of the last century. The successes achieved in this field are impressive.

Heat transfer systems for water below ground level are called "heat pumps". These underground and underwater devices heat and cool the entire home. Standard projects have been developed for any building and it is possible to transfer a house from a traditional (gas, electric) air-conditioning system to heat pumps. In a similar, but more primitive way, this energy is used in our country, arranging underground storage of products (cellars).

What is good about a natural heat exchanger

The operation of our recuperator is based on the same physical process as in heat pumps. Focusing on economy, we use this principle, summing it up to our own needs and local realities.

Tasks that an adapted autonomous recuperator can solve:

1. Constant natural ventilation with closed doors and windows.
2. Quick replacement of indoor air with fresh air.
3. Indoor air cooling.
4. Preparing the air mixture for subsequent actions.

Advantages:

1. Absolute environmental friendliness. During the installation and operation of the base system, toxic materials are not used and no thermal emissions into the atmosphere occur.
2. Security. The recuperator does not use electric motors (more than 100 W), chemical agents, high voltage.
3. Simplicity and low cost. For forced ventilation, only low-power 100 W fans are used. Ventilation takes place naturally.
4. Oxygen is not burned during operation.
5. Low noise level.

Disadvantages:

• the basic system does not provide for filtration, humidity control, heating or other processing of the air mixture (but allows the possibility of installing the corresponding equipment later).

Simple and straightforward system

An autonomous heat exchanger for a country house is a ventilation duct system, partially laid underground, included in the supply and exhaust ventilation circuit. In order to create such a "air conditioner", it is not necessary to understand the intricacies of physical phenomena. You just need to know that it works. You can verify this by going down in the heat to any basement, well or subway.

The principle of operation is as follows:

1. Atmospheric air passes through pipes laid in soil with a constant temperature (usually from +4 to +10 ° C).
2. In the underground part, the cool soil absorbs the thermal energy of the heated air.
3. Cooled air is delivered through ventilation ducts to the premises of the house.
4. At the same time, the exhaust fan removes the saturated and heated air mixture ("old air") from the room.

According to the principle of construction, such systems are divided into two main types: pipe and bunker.

Pipe - consists entirely of pipes. The design can be varied depending on the site conditions. Suitable in case of reconstruction of a house without a spacious basement, but it will take a lot of earthworks.

Bunker or stone - the heat exchanger is a bunker filled with large stones. Takes up less space than pipe (you can arrange it in the basement of the house). Requires a basement or underground room. The best option for new construction.

We create an internal system of ventilation ducts at home

In both cases, the ventilation ducts inside the house will be approximately the same. Let's start with them.

The primitive supply and exhaust ventilation system is represented by external and internal ventilation ducts connected into one network. Air outlets are located in the upper diagonally opposite corners of the rooms. In one - the inflow, in the other - the exhaust. In a one-story building, the main ducts can be located in the attic. In a two-storey building, the supply and exhaust air ducts of the first floor will run in ducts that fit into the interior decoration, and on the second floor - through the attic. The location of the main air ducts should be determined for each house individually, taking into account the layout (location of walls and partitions).

Advice. Premises in which supply and exhaust ventilation is recommended: living room, bedroom, nursery, kitchen, dining room, offices, storeroom, recreation rooms, gym. In bathrooms and toilets - only an exhaust. Not needed at all in corridors, vestibules, halls and loggias.

Rules for calculating the system of internal ventilation ducts:

1. Sewer pipe with a diameter of 250 mm for distributing supply and combined outlet channels. Estimated consumption - two house lengths + top floor height + 20%.
2. Sewer pipe (gray) with a diameter of 150 mm. Estimated consumption - three times the length of the house + 20%. For a two-story house with equal floor area + 50%.
3. Fasteners for the pipe (based on the material of the walls) at the rate of 1 pc. 70 cm.
4. Insulation (rolled mineral wool) - 1 roll.
5. Foam, sealant, decorative grilles.
6. Knees, revisions, couplings (1 piece per 70 cm).

Attention! Do not use 90 ° elbows, this will obstruct the passage of air and create noise. Combine 45 ° elbows (following the example of a sewer).

If it is planned to arrange a pipe recuperator in a one-story building, the supply channel will go out from the ground into a heat-insulated box outside the building and enter the attic. In a two-story one, it is better to bring it into the building at the bottom of the first floor and install an internal vertical (distribution) channel, which will then be led into the attic space.

When installing a bunker option in the basement of a building, the vertical distribution channel will exit the bunker directly into the room. It is possible to mount it outside.

An example of calculating the consumption of materials for the device of internal channels at home

Take, as an example, a one-story house with an estimated ventilated area of ​​60 m 2, which will have approximately 100 m 2 of total area and approximate dimensions of 8x12 m:

1. Pipe 250 mm: 2 x 12 + 3 + 20% = 32 m.
2. Pipe 150 mm: 3 x 12 + 20% = 43 m.
3. Fasteners: 32 + 43 / 0.7 = 107 pcs.
4. Elbows, revisions, couplings - take for 1 piece per 3 m: 32 + 43/3 = 55/3 = 20 pcs.
5. Lattices: 8 pcs. (2 for each room).
6. Switches: 4 pcs.
7. Foam, sealant.

Tube heat exchanger

In order not to complicate the calculations with mathematical calculations, we will provide the data of already conducted tests in an averaged form, or rather, their results.

The basic principle that must be observed when creating a system of pipes is that at least one pipe of an underground channel must fall on one room. This will facilitate the operation of the fans due to the atmospheric pressure. Now it remains to place the required number of pipes in the underground part of the site. They can be installed individually or combined into a common channel (250 mm).

In this description, we propose to take into account not the maximum load, when all rooms are forcibly ventilated at the same time, but the average load, which will be supplied with regular periodic ventilation of different rooms (as is the case in real life). This means that there is no need to output a separate channel for each room. It is enough to bring 150 mm air ducts from each room to one common 250 mm channel. The number of common channels is assumed to be one channel per 60 m 2.

We create a recuperation field

Diagram of the tube recuperator device: 1 - fan; 2 - channel in a trench ∅250 mm; 3 - rows of pipes ∅250 mm; 4 - recuperation field.

First, you need to choose the location of the pipes (recuperation field). The greater the length of the laid pipes, the more efficient the air cooling will be. It should be noted that after the work, this area can be used for planting plants, landscaping or a playground. Never plant trees in the recovery field:

1. We excavate soil to the freezing depth plus 0.4 m.
2. We lay pipes 250 mm with a step of at least 700 mm along the axis.
3. We bring the air intakes to a height of 1 m. It is desirable that they are in a shaded but well-ventilated place.
4. With the help of elbows and adapters, we combine them into a common channel of 250 mm, which is connected to the ventilation system of the house (see above).

Attention! In the underground part, use special thick-walled earthen sewer pipes. They do not need to be thermally insulated, but simply covered with soil, spilling water. Only concreting is allowed if necessary.

Calculation of the amount of work and material consumption:

1. For the recovery field, we take a 15x6 m area with an area of ​​90 m 2.
2. The volume of the foundation pit with a freezing depth of 0.8 m will be: V cat = (0.8 + 0.4) x 60 = 72 m 3.
3. Trench volume 40 cm wide (10 m from the house): V tr = 1.2 x 0.4 x 10 = 4.8 m 3.
4. Total volume of earthworks: V total = V cat + V tr = 72 + 4.8 = 77 m 3.
5. Sections of 15 m: N neg = a / 0.7 = 6 / 0.7 = 9 pcs., where a is the field width.
6. Total pipe length: L = N neg x 15 + 10 = 9 x 15 + 10 = 145 lm. m.
7. The consumption of elbows, couplings, adapters is accepted 2 pcs. x 15 m = 30 pcs.

Advice. The deeper the heat exchanger is laid, the more efficient its operation will be. More than one tier is allowed.

Bunker heat exchanger

If the house has unoccupied basements, they can also be used to build a bunker (air or heat exchange tank) for a stone heat exchanger. Its action is based on the energy content of the stone - it gradually picks up the ambient temperature and balances the flow of passing air. If there is no free space in the basement, the bunker can be arranged on a site outside the house.

Bunker heat exchanger device diagram: 1 - fan; 2 - pipe Ø250 mm; 3 - protection; 4 - stone Ø200-450 mm; 5 - brick walls; 6 - cover

At a certain place, a pit is digging about 2x3x3 m in size.From the exit of the common channel of the ventilation system of the house to the pit of the future reservoir, a trench is made, a 250 mm pipe is laid into it to a depth of 140 cm, through which cooled air will be discharged from the bunker. Along the wall, to which the trench approached, a vertical groove is laid to the bottom for a pipe with a diameter of 250 mm. Then the bottom is laid out with bricks or concreted. The bottom of the air tank should be at least 1 meter deeper than the level of soil freezing.

Attention! After the installation of the bottom of the hopper, a branch pipe of 250 mm should be laid.

The beginning of the branch pipe protrudes from the wall by 1/3 of the distance to the opposite wall and is lined with brick protection. A protective grill is installed on the inlet.

We fill the tank

It is better to lay the walls out of bricks or cast from concrete (no slag!), Since these materials conduct the temperature better than others. The cinder block will not work because of its thermal insulation properties. The walls and bottom must be thoroughly waterproofed (roofing material) from the outside and plastered from the inside to prevent the penetration of organic matter or moisture. The height of the walls is up to the ground level minus 20 cm. An inlet is arranged at the top of any wall and air intake pipes are installed. To facilitate the operation of the fans, we recommend installing 3 pcs.

After the solution has hardened, the hopper must be filled with large pebble stones. Sizes from 200 to 450 mm in diameter. The stone must be clean of organic matter, washed.

The tank is covered with a "lid" made of solid boardwalk on wooden beams, covered with waterproofing materials. Sod is laid on top. Then the branch pipe is connected to the ventilation system of the house (to the common ventilation duct) and backfilling is performed.

Calculation of the amount of work and consumption of materials:

1. With an air tank size of 2x3 m and a depth of 3 m, the volume of soil (earthworks and stone for filling) will be: V = 2x3x3 = 18 m 3 + V tr = 22.8 m 3.
2. Volume of brickwork: V treasure = S walls + S bottom x 0.125 = ((2x3) x 2 + (3x3) x 2 + 2x3) x 0.065 = 36 x 0.065 = 2.34 m 3.
3. Total pipe length (10 m from the house): L = (10 + 3) + 10% = 15 m.
4. Number of knees - 6 pcs.

The cost of the stone for filling the tank may vary depending on the region of construction.

As can be seen from the calculations, the final cost of air conditioning for 1 m2 is different for both options. The main selection factor is the level of groundwater occurrence. If it is high, less than 3 m, then it will not work to build a bunker heat exchanger. The pipe will fit even with a GWL of 1.5 meters.

Installing the fans

The system presented here provides for the synchronous operation of two duct fans - supply and exhaust - installed in each air outlet of the room. This makes it possible to quickly deliver cool fresh air to the room and remove heated air. For effective ventilation, a fan power of 100 W each is sufficient. When choosing a fan, pay attention to the noise level during its operation.

Estimated operating cost

If you ventilate each room three times a day for 20 minutes, then we get 1 hour of operation of 8 fans of 0.1 kW each. This is less than 1 kWh per day. A month - 30 kW. At a price of 5 rubles / kW, this will amount to 150 rubles / month.

The service life of recuperators and ventilation ducts at home is limited by the service life of the material. For underground elements - from 50 years, for internal - unlimited.

The system does not require maintenance (except for fans - every 5 years).

Perspectives

The described scheme can become the basis for a more complex air conditioning system. Additional elements can be gradually included in it - filters, heating and cooling tents, more powerful fans, automatic control units and others. The air mixture prepared underground has a stable temperature not only in summer, but also in winter, therefore it can be used for heating as well.

Vitaly Dolbinov, rmnt.ru