Complicated sentence with homogeneous subordination of clauses. Complex sentences with two or more subordinate clauses. Homogeneous subordination of clauses
Lesson type: a lesson in the assimilation of new knowledge
Goals and objectives of the lesson:
give an idea of the types of NGN
introduce the terms homogeneous, sequential, parallel subordination;
to teach how to build SPP schemes with several clauses;
to acquaint students with the peculiarities of punctuation in the SPP with several clauses
Equipment: notebook, textbook, tests
Lesson type: a lesson in the assimilation of new knowledge
Handout: test
During the classes
Organizational moment, motivation
Target. Emotional mood for the lesson. Awareness of the importance of this lesson, for its result, motivation for the final certification.
The bell rang, and again we are all ready for the lesson.
And everywhere we have order: in our heads and on the table.
We will open all the notebooks, we will take the pens in our hands.
And in a good mood, we will begin the lesson now.
Hello guys! Today in the lesson we will continue to work on complex sentences.
II. Updating previous knowledge
Teacher's word. Today, in the lesson, we will repeat the main groups of SPPs according to their meaning, recall the differences between a union and a union word and get acquainted with new complex syntactic constructions. But we will formulate the topic of our lesson with you a little later, and we will begin the lesson with a lexical warm-up.
Lexical warm-up
What are paronyms?
Paronyms - cognate words, similar in sound, but different in meaning.
Give a definition of paronyms: addressee - addressee, ignoramus - ignoramus, misspell - unsubscribe
Destination- the one to whom the letter, telegram, parcel, etc. are addressed.
Addressee- the one who wrote the letter, telegram, parcel, etc.
Ignorant- a rude, ill-mannered person.
Ignorant- an uneducated person.
Clerk- a mistake due to absent-mindedness in the written text.
Unsubscribe- an empty, formal answer to something that does not affect the essence of the matter.
Test work
In which row is the same letter missing in all words?
suv_renny, lock up, r_toal
n_ssimism, take away, induce melancholy
mute, reflection, accompanist
be silent, philosophical, insensitive
In which row in both words is the letter A (Z) written at the place of the pass?
they look good; email address
waving flags; they often go to concerts
hearing blows; tourists buy food
snowflakes ta_t; seeded field
In which row are all words hyphenated?
(long) playing, (floor) watermelon, (chef) cook
(little) little by little, (some) who, (north) western
(yellow) red, (floor) at home, (somewhere) somewhere
(all) still, (car) repair, (fruit) berry
KEY: 2,3,2
Frontal conversation
What groups are complex sentences divided into according to their meaning?
How to distinguish a union from a union word?
III.Explanation of the new material.
Teacher's word. Until today's lesson, we talked about the SPP, consisting of one main and one subordinate part. This form is the most typical for SPP, the most common in oral and written speech.
However, in the Russian language, especially in the styles of writing and in the language of fiction, sentences that are more complex in their form, consisting of several parts, are often found. Today we begin our acquaintance with such proposals. So, the topic of our today's lesson
Topic: Types of subordinate communication in the SPP: homogeneous subordination, sequential subordination, parallel subordination.
Arrange punctuation marks
Victor asked to be a miner because he had heard that this is the most honorable profession in the mine.
SPP with clauses and explanatory reasons
Such offers are calledSPP with SEQUENTIAL SUBMISSION:
the first subordinate clause refers to the main clause (subordinate clausefirst degree), the second - to this subordinate clause (subordinate clausesecond degree) etc.
Main offer
1st degree subordinate clause
2nd degree clause
Working with the tutorial: reading the rule
So, what unions can appear side by side with the consistent subordination of clauses?
What if, what though, what when, since, since, since if, etc..
In what case is a comma placed between them?
Comma putif after the clauseNo THAT or SO
Punctuation marks for concatenation of unions
She told him that if he was sick, he had to be treated.
She told him thabout e if he is sick then need medical help
Arrange punctuation marksdetermine the type of clauses, make a sentence outline
When we arrived, my father showed me the perches and carpenters, which he fished out without me.
(When ...),, (which ...).
SPP with clauses and tense
Such offers are called SPP with PARALLEL SUBMISSION:
subordinate clauses refer to one common main clause and are different in meaning.
Arrange punctuation marksdetermine the type of clauses, make a sentence outline
I woke up when the sun had not yet risen, when nature was enveloped in a predawn dream.
SPP with clauses
Such offers are called SPP with HOMOGENEOUS SUBMISSION:
subordinate clauses refer to the same main clause common to them and are the same in meaning - homogeneous
With homogeneous subordination in the second (and the following) subordinate clauses, the subordinate union can be omitted:
We went on a hike when the rain stopped, the sun came out, the birds began to sing.
, (when…), (…), (…).
We went camping when the rain ended when the sun came out when the birds sang.
, (when ...), (when ...), (when ...).
Homogeneous subordinate clauses can have a compositional conjunctions with them, before which a comma is placed in the same way as with homogeneous members:
The gardener was heard walking in the garden and how his car creaked.
Sonechka wrote that the mood was heavy, but so that he doesn't worry about them.
He is irritable and when healthy and when sick.
Arrange punctuation marks, make diagrams
It was necessary to see how the lilac leaves unfold and how it releases gray brushes of future flowers.
We will shudder if a bird suddenly rushes up or an elk trumpets in the distance.
IV. Anchoring.
Build proposals for schemes, determine the type of subordination
1. , (like ...), (like ...), (like ...).
I remember well how we walked along the path, how bright the sun was shining, how I found a mushroom spot. (Uniform subordination)
2. , (when ...), (to ...).
It was already completely dark when we got to the camp to spend the night there. (Sequential submission)
3. (When ...),, (... which ...).
When I felt thirsty, I bent down to the stream, in the waters of which I saw frolicking fish. (Parallel submission)
V. Summing up the lesson. Frontal conversation.
What are the main types of NGNs with two or more clauses do you know?
What is the difference between homogeneous and parallel submission?
Tell us about the peculiarities of punctuation at the "junction" of unions in the sequential subordination of clauses.
- Homogeneous subordinate clauses can have compositional conjunctions with them. How are punctuation marks placed in this case?
Vi. Reflection.
Write a syncwine dedicated to the topic of our today's lesson.
Syncwine structure
1 line - a heading in which the topic of syncwine, a keyword or a concept expressed by a noun is placed;
2nd line - two adjectives;
3 line - three verbs;
4 line - a phrase that carries a semantic load;
5 line - output, expressed by one noun.
SYNQUWINE
Offer
Complex, unusual
I am interested, I remember, I remember
I like to learn something new
Russian, interesting
We read, write, learn
I like it
Exams
Information
New, interesting
Find out, get to know, work
Today I learned a lot
Complex, extensive
I understand, remember, apply
There were many new rules in class today
Punctuation
Peculiar, complex
I think, remember, reason
To correctly put commas, you need to learn the rules
Subordination
Sequential, parallel, homogeneous
I argue, I search, I highlight
I like working with diagrams
Examples of syncwines written by students
Vii. Homework.
Write a discourse essay “What do I know about SPP?”
Literature
Egorova N.V. Lesson studies in the Russian language: grade 9 - M .: VAKO, 2008
Russian language: 10 real options for tasks to prepare for the USE-2006 t- M .: Federal Testing Center, 2006
Russian language: Textbook. For 9 cl. general education. Institutions / S.G. Barkhudarov, S.E. Kryuchkov, L. Yu. Maximov et al. - 26th ed., Revised. - M .: Education, 2004
Modern Russian language. Textbook. for ped students. in-tov on specials. No. 2101 “Russian language. or T." In 3 hours. Part 3. Syntax. Punctuation / V.V. Babaytseva, L.Yu. Maximov. - 2nd ed., Rev. - M .: Education, 1978
Among sentences 3-10, find a complex sentence with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(3) Something closed in Fedor. (4) The head was empty. (5) In the classroom, when he was raised, he got up, confused, not knowing what to say, and the guys already started giggling at him, immediately coming up with the nickname Gloom Grumblev. (6) But Fedor did not seem to hear this either. (7) His body seemed to have lost the ability to feel, and his soul - to feel. (8) After school, he got on the bus and went to the old district.
(9) On one of these visits, an excavator who was loading rubble into a dump truck shouted to Fedor:
- (10) Hey guy! Get out your dovecote!
Correct answer: 5
A comment:
A complex sentence with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination of subordinate clauses should, firstly, be complex, that is, have subordinate unions; secondly, it is necessary that the subordinate clauses answer different questions, this is precisely the main feature of parallel subordination; thirdly, there should be at least three basics.
Proposition 5 meets all these conditions.
[In the classroom, (when his raised), he got up, confused, not knowing], (what to tell), and the guys have already begun to giggle at him, immediately coming up with the nickname Gloomy Grumblev.
Parentheses mark simple sentences as part of a complex sentence (SPP), italics indicate the basis.
What you need to know:
In a complex sentence, there may be not one subordinate clause, but two, three, four or more. The clauses are connected not only with the main part of the sentence, but also with each other. This relationship can be different in nature:
Uniform subordination
Subordination is considered homogeneous, and subordinate clauses - homogeneous under two conditions:
- If the clauses refer to the whole main clause or to the same word.
- They are subordinate clauses of the same type.
Example: She knew that the girls looked with apprehension at the closed door of the room, that they felt tied up ... (Yu. German).
[- =], (what - =), (what = -) ...
NoteThe subordinate conjunction (or union word) in the second of the homogeneous subordinate clauses may be absent, but it is easy to restore it according to the first subordinate clause, for example: He was no longer afraid, although the thunder crackled as before and (although) lightning streaked the entire sky (A. Chekhov). Pay attention to the absence of a comma between the two subordinate clauses: it is not there, since the subordinate clauses are homogeneous and connected by the union I.
[=], (although - =) and ((although) - =).
Heterogeneous (parallel) subordination
If of the two conditions for homogeneous subordination, only one is fulfilled, and the other is not, then we are dealing with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination.
Thus, in case of heterogeneous subordination, subordinate clauses either refer to one thing, but at the same time they are subordinate clauses of different types, either, being subordinate clauses of the same type (usually these are subordinate clauses), refer to different words.
Example: When we got up, it was impossible to understand what time it was (A. Chekhov).
(When - =), [then =], (which -).
Consistent submission
With successive subordination, subordinate clauses are linked together as if in a chain: the first subordinate clause refers to the main clause (this is a subordinate clause of the 1st degree), the second subordinate clause refers to the first (subordinate clause of the II degree), the third one - to the second (subordinate clause III), etc.
Example: It was a beautiful July day, one of those days that happen when the weather has settled for a long time (I. Turgenev).
[= -], (which =), (when - =).
With consistent subordination, a confluence of two subordinate unions or a subordinate union and a union word (what if, what when, what why, etc.) is possible. In such cases, the second clause is inside the first.
It so happened that when we were driving, there was not the slightest swell (M. Prishvin).
[=], (what, (when - =), =)
Combined subordination
In a complex sentence with a large number of subordinate clauses, combined subordination is possible (homogeneous and parallel, homogeneous and sequential, sequential and parallel; homogeneous, sequential and parallel).
Example:In the evening, the storm broke out so that it was impossible to hear whether the wind was buzzing or thunder was thundering(I. Goncharov) (consistent and homogeneous subordination)
[- =], (what =), (= whether -) or (= -).
(consistent and homogeneous submission).
Example: To go forward, look back more often, otherwise you will forget where you came from and where you need to go.(L. Andreev).
(To =), [=], (otherwise - =), (whence - =) and (where =).
(homogeneous, parallel and sequential subordination).
Complex sentences may have not one but several subordinate clauses.
Complex sentences with two or more subordinate clauses are of two main types:
1) all subordinate clauses are attached directly to the main clause;
2) the first subordinate clause is attached to the main clause, the second - to the first subordinate clause, etc.
I. The clauses that are attached directly to the main clause can be homogeneous and heterogeneous.
1. Complex sentences with homogeneous subordination of clauses.
With this subordination, all subordinate clauses refer to one word in the main clause or to the entire main clause, answer the same question and belong to the same type of subordinate clauses. Homogeneous subordinate clauses can be connected with each other by compositional unions or non-union (only with the help of intonation). The connections of homogeneous clauses with the main clause and among themselves resemble the connections of homogeneous members of a sentence.
For example:
[I came to you with greetings, to tell], (that the sun has risen), (that it fluttered with hot light through the sheets). (A. Fet.)
[That, (who lives real life), (who are accustomed to poetry since childhood),always believes in the life-giving, full of reason Russian language]. (N. Zabolotsky.)
[At the end of May, the young bear was drawn to her native places.], (where she was born) and ( where were the months of childhood so memorable).
In a complex clause with homogeneous subordination in the second subordinate clause, there may be no subordinate union.
For example: ( If there is water) and ( there will not be a single fish in it), [i won't believe water]. (M. Prishvin.) [ Shudder], (if a bird suddenly flies up) or ( the elk will sound in the distance). (Yuri Drunina.)
2. Complex sentences with heterogeneous subordination of clauses (or with parallel subordination). With such subordination, the clauses include:
a) to different words of the main sentence or one part to the whole main, and the other to one of its words;
b) to one word or to the whole main clause, but they answer different questions and are different types of subordinate clauses.
For example: ( When I have a new book in my hands), [I feel], (that something living, talking, wonderful has entered my life). (M. Gorky.)
(If we turn to the finest prose), [then we will make sure], (that they are full of genuine poetry). (K. Paustovsky.)
[From the world (which is called a nursery), the door leads into space], (where they dine and drink tea) (Chekhov).
II. Complicated sentences with sequential subordination of clauses.
This type of complex sentences with two or more subordinate clauses includes those in which the subordinate clauses form a chain: the first subordinate clause refers to the main clause (subordinate clause of the 1st degree), the second subordinate clause refers to the subordinate clause of the 1st degree (subordinate clause of the 2nd degree) etc.
For example: [ Young Cossacks rode vaguely and held back tears], (because they were afraid of their father), (who was also somewhat embarrassed), (although I tried not to show it). (N. Gogol)
The specificity of the subordinate parts is that each of them is a subordinate clause in relation to the previous one and the main one in relation to the next.
For example: Often in the fall, I closely watched the falling leaves in order to catch that imperceptible fraction of a second when the leaf separates from the branch and begins to fall to the ground.(Paustovsky).
With consistent subordination, one subordinate clause may be inside another; in this case, there may be two subordinate unions next to each other: what and if, what and when, what and how, etc.
For example: [ The water came crashing down so terribly], (what, (when the soldiers were running below), raging streams were already flying after them) (M. Bulgakov).
There are also complex sentences with a combined type of subordination of subordinate clauses.
For example: ( When the chaise left the yard), [he (Chichikov) looked back and saw], (that Sobakevich was still standing on the porch and seemed to be looking closely, wanting to know), (where will the guest go). (Gogol)
This is a complex sentence with parallel and sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.
Punctuation marks in a compound sentence with several subordinate clauses
The comma is put between homogeneous subordinate clauses that are not connected by constructive unions.
For example: I realized that I was lying in bed , that i'm sick , that I was just delirious.(Kupr.)
I envy those who spent their lives in battle , who defended a great idea.(EU.)
We remember the great hour when the guns fell silent for the first time , when all the people met victory both in cities and in every village.(Isak.)
Comma not put between homogeneous subordinate clauses connected by a single connecting union (regardless of whether there is a subordinate union or a union word with both subordinate clauses or only with the first).
For example: I believe that nothing passes without a trace and that every little step we take has a meaning for this and future life.(Ch.)
The militiamen brought Prince Andrey to the forest, where the trucks were stationed and where there was a dressing station.(L. T.)
When it started to rain and everything around us sparkled, we followed the path ... out of the forest.(M.P.).
When repeating compositional conjunctions, a comma is placed between the subordinate clauses.
For example: Everyone learned that the lady had arrived, and that Kapitonich had let her in , and that she is now in the nursery ...(L. T.).
Alliances whether ... or when combining the predicative parts of a complex sentence, they are considered as repetitive, and homogeneous subordinate clauses are separated by a comma, which is placed before or.
For example: Whether there were weddings in the city, or whoever celebrated the name day cheerfully, Pyotr Mikhailovich always talked about it with pleasure.(Writing).
In case of heterogeneous subordination, subordinate clauses are separated or separated by commas.
For example: As soon as the heat broke, the forest began to get colder and darker so quickly that I did not want to stay in it.(T.)
Whoever has not experienced the excitement of the barely audible breathing of a sleeping young woman will not understand what tenderness is. (Paust.).
With sequential and mixed subordination, a comma is placed between the subordinate clauses according to the same rules as between the main and subordinate clauses.
For example: To be our wanderers under their own roof , if they could know , what happened to Grisha.(Nekr.)
Helen smiled like that , who spoke , that she did not admit the possibility , so that someone can see her and not be delighted.(L. T.)
Any , who in life fought for the happiness of being yourself , knows , that the strength and success of this struggle depend on confidence , with which the seeker goes to the goal(M.P.)
The comma is put between two adjacent subordinate unions or between a union word and a subordinate union, as well as when a compositional and subordinate union meets, if the internal subordinate part is not followed by the second part of the double union this or that.
For example: The bear fell in love with Nikita so much that , when he went somewhere, the beast sniffed the air anxiously.(M.G.)
We were warned that , if the weather will be bad, the excursion will not take place.
The night is over and , when the sun rose, all nature came to life.
Removal of the second (inner) part here does not require the restructuring of the first subordinate part.
If the subordinate clause is followed by the second part of a complex union then so, then a comma between the previous two unions is not put.
For example: The blind man knew that the sun was looking into the room and that if he reached out through the window, dew would fall from the bushes.(Cor.)
I thought that if at this decisive moment I did not argue with the old man, then later it would be difficult for me to free myself from his care.(NS.).
Removal or rearrangement of the subordinate part (if he reaches out through the window and if at this decisive moment I do not argue with the old man) is impossible, since there will be parts of a double alliance nearby.
Dash in a complex sentence
Between the subordinate clause (group of clauses) and the subsequent main part of the sentence maybedash , if a subordinate clause or a group of subordinate clauses preceding the main clause are pronounced with a logical highlighting of an informatively important word and with a deep pause before the main part (usually this is how subordinate explanatory parts are distinguished, less often conditional, concessive, etc.).
For example: Where did Nelidova go- Natasha did not know(Paust.); And if you look at them for a long time- rocks began to move, crumble(Ast.); Did he call them, did they come of their own accord- Nezhdanov never found out ...(T.).
Dash is put also between the subordinate clause and the main part in the same type of parallel complex sentences.
For example: He who is cheerful - he laughs, who wants - he will achieve, who seeks - he will always find!(OK.).
Dash is put after the subordinate clause before the main one, if there are words in it, this, here, and also if the subordinate clause is an incomplete sentence.
For example: That she is an honest person is clear to me.(T.)
What he found in her is his business.
Where is he now, what is he doing - these are the questions that I could not answer.
I answered something that - I myself do not know(compare the full - what did i answer).
Dash is put between subordinate subordinate clauses in the absence of an adversarial union between them or the second part of a comparative union.
For example: Artistic is so that every word is not only at the place - for it to be necessary, it is inevitable and so that as few words as possible(Black).
A dash is placed when the subordinate clause is more precise.
For example: Only once did she liven up - when Mika told her that at yesterday's wedding they sang ditties.(R. Zernova)
Dash is put to strengthen the interrogative nature of the sentence while emphasizing the unusual location of the subordinate part in front of the main or intonational separation of the main part from the subsequent subordinate clause.
For example: What is influence- you know?; Are you sure - is it necessary?
A dash is also used with an abundance of commas, against which the dash acts as a more expressive sign.
For example: But we have gained experience , but for experience , as they say , no matter how much you pay, you will not overpay.
Comma and dash in a complex sentence
Comma and dash as a single punctuation mark, they are placed in a complex sentence before the main part, which is preceded by a number of homogeneous subordinate clauses, if the splitting of a complex sentence into two parts with a long pause before the main part is emphasized.
For example: Wherever I am, whatever I try to have fun , - all my thoughts were occupied with the image of Olesya.(Kupr.)
Who is to blame, who is right , - it's not for us to judge.(Cr.)
The same sign is also placed in front of a word repeated in the same part of a sentence in order to associate a new sentence or the next part of the same sentence with it.
For example: I knew very well that this was my husband, not some new person unknown to me, but a good person , - my husband, whom I knew as myself.(L. T.)
And the thought that he can be guided by this interest, that he will seek reconciliation with his wife to sell this forest , - the thought offended him.(L. T.)
Dash is put after the comma that closes the subordinate clause, including before the word it.
For example: The best thing that he could do , - leave on time; The only thing that I like here , Is an old shady park.
Parsing a Complex Clause with Multiple Clauses
Scheme for parsing a complex sentence with several clauses
1. Determine the type of sentence according to the purpose of the statement (declarative, interrogative, incentive).
2. Specify the type of sentence for emotional coloring (exclamation or non-exclamation).
3. Determine the main and subordinate clauses, find their boundaries.
4. Make a sentence diagram: ask (if possible) questions from the main to the subordinate clauses, indicate in the main word on which the subordinate clause depends (if it is a proverbial), characterize the means of communication (unions or union words), determine the types of subordinate clauses (determinants, explanatory and etc.).
5. Determine the type of subordination of clauses (homogeneous, parallel, sequential).
An example of parsing a complex sentence with several clauses
1) [Look at the pale green star-studded sky(where there is no cloud or spot),and you will understand], (why the summer warm air is still), (why nature alert) (A. Chekhov).
[… Noun, ( on which…), and verb.], ( why…), (why…).
(Narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, complex subordinate with three subordinate clauses, with parallel and homogeneous subordination: 1st subordinate - subordinate attributive (the subordinate depends on the noun sky, answers the question which on which); 2nd and 3rd subordinate clauses - explanatory subordinate clauses (depending on the verb you will understand answer the question what?, are joined by the union word why)).
2) [Any human knows], (what he needs to do wrong, (what separates him from people), otherwise), (what connects him to them) (L. Tolstoy).
[… Vb.], ( what…., (what…), otherwise), (what…).
(Narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, complex subordinate with three subordinate clauses, with sequential and parallel subordination: 1st subordinate clause - explanatory subordinate (depends on the verb knows, answers the question what?, joins the union what), 2nd and 3rd clauses - clauses of the pronoun-definitive (each of them depends on the pronoun then, answers the question which (then)?, joined by a union word what).
Those with subordinate clauses are divided into several groups. There are three of them. In speech, there may be a complex expression with a homogeneous subordination of clauses, heterogeneous (parallel) and sequential. Further in the article, we will consider the features of one of these categories. What is a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of clauses?
General information
Homogeneous subordination of clauses (examples of such constructions will be given below) is an expression in which each part refers to the main element or to a specific word in it. The latter is the case if the add-on only distributes a certain portion of the main. Sentences with homogeneous subordination of clauses have a number of features. So, the spreading elements are of the same type, that is, they answer the same question. Usually they are connected with each other by creative unions. If they have the meaning of enumeration, then the connection is non-union, as well as for homogeneous members. That, in general, is what the homogeneous subordination of clauses means.
Communication in context
1. The quiet boys watched after the car / 1, until it left behind the intersection / 2, until the dust raised by it dissipated / 3, until it turned into a ball of dust / 4.
Once in the hospital, he recalled how they were suddenly attacked by the Nazis, and how everyone was surrounded, and how the detachment managed to get to their own.
3. If the conjunctions "whether ... or" are used as repeating constructions (in the example, you can change to whether), the homogeneous subordinate clauses associated with them are separated by a comma.
It was impossible to tell if it was a fire or if the moon was beginning to rise. - It was impossible to understand whether it was a fire, whether the moon was beginning to rise.
Combined joint structures
A sentence with numerous homogeneous subordination of clauses occurs in several variants. So, perhaps together for example. For this reason, when analyzing, you do not need to immediately draw up a general scheme or rush to place punctuation marks.
Context analysis
Homogeneous subordination of clauses is dealt with according to a certain scheme.
1. Highlighting grammatical foundations, consider the number of simple elements that make up the structure.
2. They designate all and allied words and, based on this, establish the subordinate clause and the main sentence.
3. The main element is determined for all additional ones. As a result, pairs are formed: main-clause.
4. Based on the construction of the vertical scheme, the nature of the subordination of the subordinate structures is determined. It can be parallel, sequential, homogeneous, combined type.
5. A horizontal diagram is built, based on which punctuation marks are placed.
Parsing a proposal
Example: The dispute is that if your king is here for three days, then you are unconditionally obligated to do what I tell you, and if he does not stay, then any order that you give me will be carried out by me.
1. This complex sentence contains seven simple ones: The dispute is / 1 that / 2 if your king will be here for three days / 3 then you are unconditionally obliged to do what / 2 I tell you / 4 a / if he doesn’t stay / 5 then any order will be executed by me / 6 that you give me / 7.
1) the dispute is;
2) if your king is here for three days;
3) something ... then you are unconditionally obligated to do that;
4) what will I tell you;
5) if he does not stay;
6) then any order will be executed by me;
7) which you give me.
2. The main sentence is the first (the dispute is that), the rest are clauses. Only the sixth sentence raises a question (then I will carry out any order).
3. This complex sentence is divided into the following pairs:
1-> 2: the dispute is that ... then you are unconditionally obligated to do that;
2-> 3: you are unconditionally obligated to fulfill if your king is here for three days;
2-> 4: you are unconditionally obligated to do what I tell you;
6-> 5: I will carry out any order if it does not remain;
6-> 7: I will carry out any order you give me.
Possible difficulties
In the given example, it is somewhat difficult to understand what type of the sixth sentence is. In this situation, you need to look at the compositional union "a". In a complex sentence, unlike a subordinate connecting element, it may not be next to the sentence related to it. Based on this, it is necessary to understand what simple elements this union connects. For this, only sentences containing oppositions are left, and the rest are removed. These parts are 2 and 6. But since sentence 2 refers to clauses, then 6 should also be like that, since it is associated with a compositional conjunction with 2. It's easy to check. It is enough to insert a union that has a sentence 2, and connect it 6 with the main one related to 2. Example: The dispute is that I will carry out any order. Based on this, we can say that in both cases there is a homogeneous subordination of the clauses, only in 6 the union "what" is omitted.
Output
It turns out that this sentence is complexly subordinated with homogeneously related clauses (2 and 6 sentences), in parallel (3-4, 5-7) and sequentially (2-3, 2-4, 6-5, 6-7). To place punctuation marks, you need to define the boundaries of simple elements. In this case, the possible combination of several unions at the border of proposals is taken into account.
NGN is a proposal, the parts of which are linked by subordinate unions.
Submissive unions- what, because, if, though, in order, how, when, in order, as well as many others.
NGN with homogeneous reporting
A sentence in which all subordinate clauses refer to the same main part and answer the same questions (hence they are subordinate clauses of the same type)
Examples:
- I hit the road when everyone was already asleep and when it got cool
- I hit the road when everyone was already asleep and it became cool
I hit the road -> when? (when everyone was asleep and when it got cold)
Note: In Russian, the same word can be omitted, therefore example 1 and example 2 are the same sentences.
NGN with sequential reporting
In this type of SPP, simple sentences form a kind of chain: From the main sentence we ask the second clause question, from the second we ask the third question.
In the following examples, questions to the next clause will be placed in parentheses.
Examples:
- And Nikolai went to work (why?) So that no one would say that he didn’t like his job (which one?), Which he really didn’t like.
SPP with a comma at the junction of 2 unions has sequential subordination.
Examples:
- He said that when our father comes, we will go to the park. (The proposal is discussed below.)
Analysis: He said (what?) -> let's go to the park (when?) -> when the father comes.
NGN with parallel reporting
This type of SPP has such subordinate clauses that
a) They receive questions from one main part, but these questions are different (hence the subordinate clauses will be of different types.)
b) They are subordinate clauses of the same type, receive the same questions, but referring to different words (this applies to subordinate clauses.)
Examples:
- a) Although you don't deserve it, I'll give you an A. if you write your test well.
- b) I love looking at the sea, which brings inspiration and the sky, which has no clouds. (questions are asked from different nouns in the main page.)
There is always a subordinate conjunction inside the subordinate clause.
Example: Andrey didn't remember where he put the diary. (about what?)
From the main clause to the subordinate clause, we always give a question. The clause is always separated from the leading clause by commas.
Outcomes
1. Inside the subordinate clause there is always a subordinate union.
2. From the main part we ask the question of the subordinate clause.
3. The subordinate clause is always separated from the main one by commas.
