Fire Safety Encyclopedia

Safe handling of household gas. In simple words about the rules for the safe use of gas Safety rules for handling gas

Natural gas is a great blessing for humans. It is convenient and economical. For decades, it has brought warmth and comfort to our homes, is a source of warmth and comfort for us. However, natural gas requires a careful and responsible attitude towards itself. To prevent gas from causing tragic consequences, it is necessary to take care of gas equipment and follow the rules for the safe use of gas in everyday life.

1.How to use gas appliances correctly?

Use only serviceable gas equipment.
Watch the color of the flame, if it is orange - it means the device is defective, you need to call the gas workers.
Do not leave operating gas stoves and water heaters unattended, do not blow out or flood flames with liquids.
Do not allow small children or uncontrolled persons to use gas equipment.

Remember! In order for the gas to burn, a constant flow of air is required. When you light a gas stove (water heater), the window must always be open!
If the gas supply is suddenly cut off, immediately close the gas burner taps and notify the emergency gas service by calling "04" or 104 (for mobile devices).

2. Why check traction?

Lack of draft in smoke and ventilation ducts can lead to poisoning by gas combustion products.
Before each use of gas water heaters, other devices that have a discharge of combustion products into chimneys, it is necessary to check the presence of a draft in the chimney.
It is forbidden to change the arrangement of smoke and ventilation systems, to glue the ventilation ducts, to connect the chimneys of gas-using equipment to the ventilation ducts, to brick up or glue the "pockets" and hatches intended for cleaning chimneys.
You cannot arbitrarily install additional dampers in chimneys and on chimneys from water heaters.
Owners of individual houses in the winter should periodically check the chimney heads to prevent them from freezing and blocking, as well as the occurrence of the "reverse draft" effect, which often occurs in the autumn-winter period due to pressure drops.

Remember! In the absence of traction, the use of gas appliances is prohibited.

3. Why is it necessary to regularly maintain gas equipment?

For the safe use of gas in everyday life, the most important role is played not only by knowledge of the rules, but also by the serviceability of the operated gas equipment. To prevent a tragic situation from happening, it is necessary to carry out periodic maintenance of the intra-apartment (VKGO) and intra-house gas equipment (VDGO).
To do this, each owner of gas appliances is obliged to conclude a maintenance contract with a specialized organization. He can do this personally, or by delegating his powers to the management company (HOA, etc.).

4.What is the threat of unauthorized work on gas networks?

As a result of unauthorized connection of gas equipment, there is a high probability of gas leakage, and as a result of an explosion / fire hazard situation. In addition, improper installation (of a water heater) can lead to hydrate blockages: water ingress into the gas distribution network, and interruptions in gas supply in a residential building. This, in turn, will require serious and costly emergency recovery work, with the possible re-laying of gas pipeline sections.

Remember! To carry out unauthorized gasification of the house (apartment), rearrangement, replacement and repair of gas appliances, cylinders and valves categorically FORBIDDEN!

5.What does the law say?

Responsibility for the safe use of household gas appliances in apartments (households), as well as their maintenance in proper condition, rests with the owners and tenants of residential premises in accordance with Art. 210 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, art. 30, 67 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. Violators of the Rules for ensuring the safe use and maintenance of in-house and in-house gas equipment are liable in accordance with Article 9.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

6.What to do if you smell natural gas?

- Stop using gas appliances immediately;

- Turn off the taps on the devices and in front of the devices;

- Open the vents and windows to ventilate the room;

–Do not light open flames, do not smoke, do not turn on or off electric lights and electrical appliances, do not use electric bells;

Call the emergency services by phone "04" or "104" (for mobile devices) from a non-fouled area.

7. Security

THE GAS IS SAFE ONLY IF HANDLED PROPERLY. OBSERVE THE RULES FOR USE OF GAS IN HOUSEHOLD.

Natural gas (methane) is a colorless, non-toxic gas, therefore, if it leaks from a gas pipeline, an air-gas mixture can form in the premises, which remains unnoticed.

For the safe use of gas in everyday life, it is necessary to take into account its natural properties and observe the following rules:

1. If you detect a smell of gas in the room, you must immediately turn off the taps on the lowering to the devices and on the devices, open the window and doors, create a draft, call the emergency service by phone 104 ... Do not light a fire, do not smoke, do not turn on electric lighting and electrical appliances, do not use electric bells, take measures to remove people from the gas-polluted area.

2. During the operation of the gas stove, the vent must be open. If the supply of fresh air is insufficient, the gas does not completely burn out and carbon monoxide is emitted. Carbon monoxide is a product of incomplete combustion of methane. Colorless and odorless, very poisonous. With a content of 10% carbon monoxide from the volume of the room, it is enough for a person to take a few breaths and death occurs. Signs of carbon monoxide emission: the appearance of yellow, orange, red tints in the flame and soot on the dishes.

3. In the event of a malfunction of the gas equipment or for a preventive inspection of gas appliances, it is necessary to call the workers of the operating gas service for phone 104.

4. It is necessary to monitor the normal operation of chimneys and ventilation, check the draft before switching on and during operation of gas heating boilers.

5. By the beginning of the heating season, the subscriber must receive an act on the state of chimneys from the Fire Service

6. Undergo instructions on the safe use of natural gas from the controllers of the operational gas service, have on hand instructions (memo) on the operation of gas appliances and strictly observe them.

Subscribers are prohibited from:

1. To carry out unauthorized gasification of a house or apartment, rearrangement, replacement and repair of gas appliances;

2. Redevelop the premises where gas appliances are installed, without coordination with the relevant organizations;

3. Make changes to the design of gas appliances. Modify the devices of smoke and ventilation systems. To glue ventilation ducts, brick up or glue up "pockets" and hatches intended for cleaning chimneys;

4. Use gas in case of malfunction of gas appliances, automation and gas cylinders, especially if a gas leak is detected;

5. Leave working gas appliances unattended (except for appliances designed for continuous operation and having appropriate automation for this);

6. Allow preschool children to use gas appliances. As well as persons who do not control their actions and do not know the rules for using these devices.

7. Use a gas stove to heat the room to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.

8. Use heating boilers after the expiration of the certificate for chimneys

9. Use an open flame to detect gas leaks (for this purpose, a soap emulsion or special devices are used).

P O M N I T E!

A gas smell occurs when it leaks into the room. If the gas-air mixture ignites, an explosion and fire are possible.

If you smell gas, you must :

Close all taps at gas appliances and on the inlet gas pipeline;

Open windows and doors, ventilate the premises;

Call the emergency service of the gas industry by phone 104 .

Until the gas leak is eliminated,:

Light fire, smoke;

Switch on and off electrical appliances, electric lighting and electric calls, use the in-house telephone.

ATTENTION!

Failure to comply with the Safety Rules when using gas causes O P A S N O S T L for life!

P O M N I T E!

About their personal responsibility not only for the life and property of their loved ones, but also before neighbors and other citizens. Your safety is in your hands!

Household gas is not only good for humans, but also a source of increased danger. In everyday life, two types of natural gas are used: main, which enters houses through pipes, and liquefied, sold in cylinders. Domestic gas leak may cause poisoning or explosion. Therefore, to ensure yourself security and do not expose yourself and the lives of people around you to a mortal threat, remember and observe rules for using gas and household gas appliances.

General rules for the use of gas, gas appliances and equipment:
allow for installation, repair and inspection gas equipment only qualified specialists;
do not bind to gas pipes, equipment and taps ropes and do not dry things;
taking testimony household gas meter do not illuminate dials with fire;
do not leave working gas appliances unattended at night;
you cannot turn the handle gas tap using keys or pliers, knocking on burners, taps and meters with heavy objects;
do not use gasified stoves and gas water heaters with weak draft in the chimney;
keep children away from gas equipment;
do not use rooms with gas appliances for rest and sleep;
adhere to the following sequence for turning on gas appliances: first light a match, and then supply gas;
for more security watch that household natural gas burned calmly, without gaps in the flame, which lead not only to the accumulation of carbon monoxide in the room, but also to damage to the burners. The flame should be violet-blue in color, without any yellowish or orange tint.

An impressive part in residential buildings is a consequence of neglect security, ignorance of elementary gas rules and negligence in handling LPG cylinders. To avoid household gas explosions and fires from use of liquefied gas remember the following regulations:
store a bottle of liquefied gas only in an upright position in a ventilated area;
spare filled and empty gas cylinders cannot be stored even temporarily in a residential area, as well as on evacuation passages in case of fire;
a gas cylinder can be installed in the house where the corresponding devices are supplied, as well as on the street. At the same time, only one cylinder up to 55 liters or two no more than 27 liters each can be kept in a gasified room. Inside the house gas bottle located one meter from the stove, at least one meter from the heating batteries and at least two meters from the stove door;
if gas bottle defective, do not repair it yourself, but hand it over to a workshop;
before replacing gas bottle make sure that the valves of the full and used cylinders are tightly closed. After replacement for more security apply soapy water to all connections and make sure they are tight;
do not replace gas bottle if there is a flame in the room and electrical appliances are on;
after finishing work with gas, do not forget to close the cylinder valve.

Taking advantage of household gas stoves, stick to safety rules above and the following tips:
before using a new gas stove, carefully read the manufacturer's instructions;
to connect the cylinder to the plate, use a special rubber hose with markings. The hose must be secured with safety clamps... Its length should be no more than one meter. Do not allow the gas hose to be pinched or stretched;
every time before using the oven, ventilate it by leaving the door open for a few minutes;
Use the special rings for high-ribbed burners when heating large, wide-bottomed pans on the hob. They increase the flow of necessary combustion air and facilitate the outflow of combustion products;
do not remove the burners gas stove and do not place cookware directly on the burner;
Do not leave gas stove unattended.
do not use the electric ignition of the stove if the burners are removed.
do not flood the working surface of the stove with liquids.
reduce the flame after the contents of the cookware have boiled. This will prevent food from flooding the burners, besides, you will reduce the useless gas consumption, which will save money;
keep your gas stove clean. When it is contaminated with food, the gas does not burn completely and with the release of carbon monoxide. Before taking care of the gas stove, disconnect it from the mains. It is advisable to wash the burners, their nozzles and other parts of the stove at least once a month with a soapy or weak soda solution;
do not use the stove to heat the room;
do not dry clothes in the oven or over the gas stove burners.

If you smell gas in the room:
at domestic gas leak turn off the burners of the stove and the tap on the gas supply pipe;
if happened domestic gas leak, in any case, do not turn on the lights and electrical appliances, unplug the phone from the socket, do not light candles and matches, do not go into other rooms where there is an open fire;
a gas-contaminated room must be ventilated and the emergency gas service must be called by phone.
If you still smell gas after ventilating the room, it is possible that domestic gas leak continues. Therefore, you need to take people out of the house, warn the neighbors and wait for the arrival of the emergency gas service on the street.


First aid for household gas poisoning:
immediately take out the person who household gas poisoning, into fresh air;
if the person breathes irregularly or does not breathe at all, give artificial respiration;
do not allow gassed Eating;
call the ambulance or take him to the infirmary.

At the end, I would like to remind you that the violation gas rules may result in a domestic gas explosion, causing part or all of the building to collapse, fire, serious injury or death. Therefore, people who violated them are liable under Article 94 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Article 95 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Violations. Security you, your loved ones and neighbors depends on the correct and timely implementation of rules for using household gas and gas appliances.

Ksenia Balashevich

  • Changes in the atmosphere
  • Changes in the state of the hydrosphere
  • 2.3. Technogenic hazards in the Russian economy
  • Industrial safety level of enterprises
  • The main causes of man-made hazards
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 3.1. The concept of dangerous and emergency situations in the technosphere
  • Basic terms and definitions
  • The system "man - environment"
  • The main factors in the occurrence of dangerous and technogenic emergencies
  • 3.2. Types of dangerous and technogenic emergencies
  • Classification of emergencies by the scale of spread
  • Classification of emergencies according to the rate of development
  • Classification of emergencies by types of emergency events
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 4.1. Chemically hazardous substances
  • The concept of chemically hazardous substances
  • Classification of chemically hazardous substances
  • The impact of chemically hazardous substances on the human body
  • 4.2. Chemically hazardous facilities and accidents at them
  • Accidents at chemically hazardous facilities and their classification
  • Zones of chemical attack
  • 4.3. Rescue operations at chemically hazardous facilities
  • Methods of protection against chemically hazardous substances
  • Organization and conduct of emergency rescue operations
  • Individual protection means
  • 4.4. Measures to reduce the consequences of accidents at chemically hazardous facilities
  • 4.5. State of chemically hazardous facilities in Russia
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 5.1. Ionizing radiation
  • The phenomenon of radioactivity and its application
  • Types of ionizing radiation
  • Radioactive substances and their activity
  • Effects of ionizing radiation on living organisms
  • 5.2. Radiation hazardous facilities and accidents at them
  • Radiation hazardous facilities
  • Radiation accidents and their classifications
  • Zones of radiation hazardous facilities
  • 5.3. Radiation level and maximum permissible radiation doses
  • 5.4. Measures to prevent radiation accidents, reduce losses and damage
  • 5.5. Protection of the population from ionizing radiation
  • 5.6. Radiation accidents in Russia
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 6.1. Explosions and their damaging effects
  • Explosion concept
  • Damaging factors of the explosion
  • 6.2. Explosive substances
  • 6.3. Explosive objects and accidents at them
  • Explosive objects
  • Degree of destruction of an object in an explosion
  • 6.4. Explosion protection of high pressure systems
  • High pressure systems
  • Safety measures for pressurized systems
  • 6.5. State supervision of explosive objects
  • State supervision bodies
  • Rostechnadzor requirements
  • 6.6. The state of explosive objects in Russia
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 7.1. Fire and burning
  • The concept of fire and combustion
  • Damaging fire factors
  • 7.2. Combustible substances
  • 7.3. Fire and explosive objects
  • Classification of fire and explosive objects according to the degree of danger
  • Fire resistance of buildings and structures
  • 7.4. Fire safety measures
  • Fire prevention
  • Fire mode
  • Fire safety measures
  • 7.5. Localization and extinguishing of fires
  • Extinguishing fires
  • Fire extinguishing agents
  • Fire extinguishing agents
  • Fire alarm and communication
  • 7.6. Evacuation from the fire zone
  • Organization of evacuation from the fire zone
  • Rules of conduct in case of fire
  • 7.7. Fire situation in Russia
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 8.1. Railway transport
  • Railway accidents and their causes
  • Railroad fires
  • Rules of conduct on railway transport
  • 8.2. Automobile transport
  • Road traffic accidents and their causes
  • Child road traffic injuries
  • Rules of conduct in an accident
  • Rules of conduct for public transport
  • 8.3. Air Transport
  • Aircraft accidents and their causes
  • Aircraft Code of Conduct
  • 8.4. Water transport
  • Water transport accidents and their causes
  • Rules of conduct for water transport
  • 8.5. Metro
  • Subway accidents and their causes
  • Rules of conduct on the subway
  • 8.6. Accident on Russian transport
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 9.1. Hydraulic structures
  • Hydraulic structures and their classifications
  • Classes of hydraulic structures
  • 9.2. Hydrodynamic accidents
  • Hydrodynamic accidents and their causes
  • Consequences of hydrodynamic accidents
  • 9.3. Protection of the population from the consequences of hydrodynamic accidents
  • Basic measures to protect the population
  • Rules of conduct in conditions of hydrodynamic accidents
  • 9.4. The state of hydraulic structures in Russia
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 10.1. Life support systems
  • Causes of accidents in housing and communal services
  • Measures to increase the sustainability of life support facilities
  • 10.2. Gas safety
  • Natural gas and products of its combustion
  • Gas supply systems and rules for their operation
  • Gas safety rules
  • 10.3. Electrical safety
  • Electricity
  • The impact of electric current on the human body
  • Causes of fires from electricity
  • Electrical safety rules
  • First aid for electric shock
  • 10.4. Electromagnetic safety
  • Electromagnetic fields
  • 10.5. Computer and health
  • Dangerous and harmful factors affecting the computer user
  • Sanitary and hygienic requirements
  • Workplace equipment requirements
  • Organization of working hours
  • Safety requirements in the informatics office
  • 10.6. Hazardous substances and household chemicals
  • Household chemicals and their classification
  • Safety during storage and use of household chemicals
  • First aid for poisoning
  • 10.7. Noise and its impact on humans
  • Noise effect
  • Effects of noise on the human body
  • Noise control techniques
  • 10.8. The state of life support systems in Russia
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 11.1. Operation of production facilities in an emergency
  • Production facilities and conditions of their functioning
  • Factors determining the stability of the functioning of production facilities
  • 11.2. Measures to ensure the sustainability of the functioning of production facilities
  • Improving the sustainability of production facilities
  • Emergency prevention
  • Rational allocation of productive forces
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 12.1. Protection of the public in emergencies
  • Authorities for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations
  • Preparing the population in the field of protection from emergencies
  • 12.2. Organization of measures to localize the consequences of emergencies and protect the population
  • Principles of public protection in emergency situations
  • Ways to protect the population
  • 12.3. Collective protection means of the population
  • Protective structures and their types
  • Requirements for protective structures
  • 12.4. Individual protection means
  • Personal protective equipment classifications
  • Respiratory protection
  • Skin protection products
  • Personal protective equipment
  • 12.5. Organization of evacuation measures
  • Types of evacuation measures
  • Evacuation authorities
  • The procedure for carrying out evacuation measures
  • Control questions and tasks
  • 13.1. Measures to protect students and staff of educational institutions
  • Organization of rescue operations
  • The procedure for carrying out evacuation measures
  • 13.2. Personal protective equipment for children
  • Gas masks
  • Security cameras
  • Respirators
  • Improvised means
  • Normative base
  • Requirements for the maintenance of the territory, buildings and premises
  • Ensuring safety during cultural events
  • Control questions and tasks
  • Recommended reading list
  • 10.2. Gas safety

    Natural gas and products of its combustion

    Natural gas and some products of its combustion are toxic. The basis of domestic natural gases is methane (CH4). In the most common

    in gases, its share is usually 75–98.5%, the amount of higher hydrocarbons is insignificant - up to 2–3%. These gases may contain small amounts of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, and hydrogen sulfide. Natural gases that do not contain hydrogen sulfide are of low toxicity.

    The cylinders use liquefied petroleum gas, which, unlike natural gas, along with saturated hydrocarbons (36-50%), mainly methane, contains 28-48% unsaturated hydrocarbons (ethylene, propylene), 6-14% hydrogen, 1.5 % carbon dioxide and up to 8% nitrogen.

    The signs of asphyxiation (asphyxia) begin to be detected when the concentration of methane in the air is 25–30%. Inhalation of air with a 0.25-1% content of carbon dioxide leads to changes in the functions of external respiration and blood circulation, a concentration of 2.5-5% causes headaches, heart palpitations, increased blood pressure, etc. High CO2 content causes death from stoppage respiration (at a concentration of 20% death

    comes in a few seconds).

    From a toxicological point of view, when operating gas equipment, the most dangerous exposure to the human body is carbon monoxide (CO). This gas is classified as a fourth hazard class. For him, the following norms of the maximum permissible concentration have been established.

    tractions: in the air of the working area during the working day - 20.0 mg / m3; in atmospheric air, the maximum single dose is 5.0 mg / m3; the average daily dose is 3.0 mg / m3.

    Gas supply systems and rules for their operation

    In our country, most residential buildings are gasified, they are supplied with mains natural gas, and in rural areas, where about 40% of the population live, with liquefied (balloon) gas.

    The use of hydrocarbon compounds in everyday life has its own specific features due to their fire and explosive properties and toxicity. For the timely detection of leaks, gases are odorized, they are given a specific odor, by which they are easy to detect even at insignificant concentrations in the indoor air. Natural gas, which has a lower concentration limit of ignition in a mixture with air of 1.6–3% by volume, and an upper one - 8.8–32%, is felt in indoor air at a concentration of 0.32%. The smell of liquefied gases should be felt even at lower concentrations. It must be remembered that mixtures of gases with air can flare up and explode not only from an open fire, but also from sparks generated by impacts or friction of metal objects, etc. It should also be borne in mind that combustible gases are 1.5-2 times heavier than air, therefore, in the event of a leak, they accumulate in low places and in calm weather can remain there for a long time.

    The gas supply system of residential buildings consists of a gas pipeline network, a gas meter and gas-consuming devices (gas household stoves, water heaters, etc.).

    V.A.Makashev, S.V. Petrov. "Dangerous situations of man-made nature and protection from them: a tutorial"

    The gas pipeline is laid openly along the walls; when laying the internal gas pipeline, it is not allowed to cross window and door openings, as well as its passage through living rooms.

    If a gas pipeline is laid parallel to an open electrical wiring with insulated wires or an electric cable, the distance between them should be at least 25 cm, and when crossing hidden electrical wiring or electrical wiring laid in a pipe, a clearance of at least 10 cm is required.The gas pipeline is led at least 20 cm from the edge sealed groove or pipe when laid in parallel and leave a 1 cm gap when crossing the electrical network and the gas pipeline.

    The installation of cylinders with liquefied gas in accordance with safety rules in the gas industry provides for both outside and inside a residential building. Install cylinders inside a residential building in the same rooms as gas appliances. Directly in the kitchen, it is possible to find no more than one cylinder with a capacity of up to 55 liters or no more than two cylinders with a capacity of 27 liters each, one of them is spare. Spare cylinders are stored outside the residential building. It is forbidden to place them in passages, corridors, on evacuation routes, in the underground and basements.

    Many fires in residential buildings occur as a result of the explosion of cylinders due to their unacceptable heating, in which the pressure inside the cylinder rapidly increases. Such cases often occur in winter, when the iced-over cylinders are placed near heating devices, lowered into hot water, heated with an open fire, etc. To avoid this, the distance from the cylinder to the gas floor stove should be at least 1 m, to the furnace door of the using stove heating), if the cylinder is opposite it, - at least 2 m.When installing a screen that protects the cylinder from heating, the distance between the cylinder and the heater can be reduced to 0.5 m. hitting it with sunlight. The air temperature in the room where the gas cylinders are located should not exceed + 45 ° С.

    Household gas cylinders are recommended to be placed outside the residential building in lockable metal cabinets with ventilation grilles or under lockable metal covers that cover the upper part of the cylinder and the reducer, which, in order to prevent unauthorized access, are kept locked. The outer metal cabinet is designed for the installation of two cylinders with a capacity of 50–80 liters each. Cabinets for cylinders are placed on a solid fireproof base with a height of at least 10 cm, which excludes subsidence.

    The distance from the cylinders placed against the wall of the building to the doors and windows of the basement floors must be at least 3 m; to the doors and windows of the first floor - not less than 0.5 m; to sewer wells, basements and other depressions - at least 3 m.

    It is not allowed to use LPG cylinders without a pressure regulator (reducer).

    The internal volume of the kitchen must be at least 4 m3 for each burner of the gas stove, the ceiling height cannot be lower than 2.2 m. The window in the kitchen room must have a window or a transom for ventilation; it also provides for exhaust ventilation with a 13x13 cm section channel.

    A gas stove should be properly installed in the kitchen: the distance from the combustible wall should be at least 15 cm with the obligatory protection of the wooden wall from fire; with a plastered wall, the indent should be at least 7 cm.

    The operation of flow-through high-speed water heaters and automatic gas water heaters (AGV) has its own peculiarities. Water heaters are designed to obtain hot water, AGV - for heating and simultaneous receipt of hot water.

    V.A.Makashev, S.V. Petrov. "Dangerous situations of man-made nature and protection from them: a tutorial"

    V everyday life are most common AGV-80 and AGV-120. These devices contain fire chambers where gas burns, their walls can be heated to high temperatures. Flammable materials can ignite on contact.

    V water heater the block valve has double blocking, therefore, gas can flow into the burner only after water from the water supply fills the coil and the heater and the igniter is ignited. If the flame goes out, the valve of the block-cock stops the gas supply to the burner. In this case, gas leakage into the room is excluded.

    V AGV regulation of gas supply is carried out automatically, and the water temperature is maintained using thermostats that regulate the interruption or resumption of gas supply to the main burner when the igniter is constantly working.

    Gas water heaters must be necessarily connected to chimneys (gas ducts), and AGV can have an independent chimney for removing gas combustion products.

    Hot water geysers can also be installed in the kitchen, where there is a gas

    stove, provided that the volume of the kitchen is 4 m3 more than the volume of the room required for the operation of a gas stove with the corresponding number of burners. Water heaters of the AGV type are installed in rooms with chimneys and ventilation ducts in the presence of a window with a vent or a transom. The volume of the room for AGV must be at least 6

    m3, and when installed in the kitchen - 6 m3 higher than the kitchen volume required to install a gas stove.

    When installing a hot water column on a plastered wooden wall, in accordance with fire safety requirements, a gap between the column body and the wall is provided, equal to 30 cm (on non-combustible walls - 20 cm).

    Gas safety rules

    To ensure the safe operation of the home gas economy, it is necessary to strictly follow the basic safety rules.

    The installation of a home gas economy can be carried out by a person who has special training and the right to carry out work on the installation of a gas network and devices. Unauthorized installation, rearrangement, repair of gas appliances is strictly prohibited.

    The operation of the gas network and gas appliances is possible only after they have been accepted for operation by specialists of the local organization of the gas industry with the participation of the owner of the house or apartment and the preparation of the relevant documents.

    All gas equipment of the house (apartment) must be registered and maintained by the operational service of the gas economy.

    The gas can only be used by persons who have been instructed and know how to handle gas appliances. Young children must not be allowed to the gas appliances.

    Only serviceable gas appliances are allowed for operation. The bodies of burners and diffusers must be kept clean by monthly cleaning of carbon deposits with soapy water or special solutions.

    Lit gas appliances, other than water heaters, must not be left unattended. It is forbidden to use a gas stove and a water heater for heating and heating rooms.

    If you smell gas, turn off all gas appliances, open the vents (windows) and call the emergency service.

    To install the gas leak, you should use only soapy water, which is used to moisten the joints on the pipelines, the cylinder. For these purposes, you cannot use burning candles, matches, etc.

    V.A.Makashev, S.V. Petrov. "Dangerous situations of man-made nature and protection from them: a tutorial"

    When the pressure in the network rises, when the gas supply is suddenly cut off or the flame burns abnormally, all operating gas appliances must be immediately turned off and the problems must be rectified.

    Before using a gas water heater, water heater, AGV and other gas appliances with a chimney, make sure that there is a draft in the flue duct using a burning torch. In the absence of traction, it is prohibited to use a gas appliance.

    At the end of using the gas appliance, it is imperative to close the taps both on the switchboard of the stove and on the gas pipeline.

    In case of gas poisoning, the victims need to be assisted. They need to be taken out of the polluted room, freed from the restraining parts of the clothes, given strong tea or coffee to drink and call an ambulance. Before the arrival of the doctor, the victims need to be warmed (overlaid with heating pads, etc.); if breathing is impaired, it is helpful to give oxygen; if not breathing, artificial respiration should be given immediately.

    Household gas is not only good for humans, but also a source of increased danger. In everyday life, two types of natural gas are used: main, which enters houses through pipes, and liquefied, sold in cylinders. Escaping household gas may cause poisoning or an explosion. Therefore, in order to ensure your safety and not to expose yourself and the lives of people around you to a mortal threat, remember and follow the rules for using gas and household gas appliances.

    General rules for the use of gas, gas appliances and equipment:

    Allow only qualified specialists to install, repair and check gas equipment;

    Do not tie ropes to gas pipes, equipment and taps or dry things;

    When taking readings from a household gas meter, the dials must not be illuminated with fire;

    Do not leave working gas appliances unattended at night;

    Do not turn the handle of the gas tap with keys or pliers, knock on burners, taps and meters with heavy objects;

    Do not use gasified stoves and gas water heaters with low draft in the chimney;

    Keep children away from gas equipment;

    Do not use rooms with gas appliances for rest and sleep;

    Adhere to the following sequence for turning on gas appliances: first light a match, and then supply gas;

    For greater safety, make sure that household natural gas burns calmly, without gaps in the flame, which lead not only to the accumulation of carbon monoxide in the room, but also to damage to burners. The flame should be violet-blue in color, without any yellowish or orange tint.

    An impressive part of household gas explosions and fires in residential buildings is a consequence of neglect of safety, ignorance of basic rules for using gas and negligence in handling liquefied gas cylinders. To avoid household gas explosions and fires from the use of LPG, remember the following rules:

    Store the LPG bottle only in an upright position in a ventilated area;

    Spare filled and empty gas cylinders cannot be stored even temporarily in a residential area, as well as on evacuation passages in case of fire;

    A gas cylinder can be installed in the house where the corresponding devices are supplied, as well as on the street. At the same time, only one cylinder up to 55 liters or two no more than 27 liters each can be kept in a gasified room. Inside the house, a gas cylinder is placed one meter from the stove, at least one meter from the heating batteries and at least two meters from the stove door;

    If the gas cylinder is faulty, do not repair it yourself, but hand it over to a workshop;

    Before changing the gas cylinder, make sure that the valves of the full and used cylinders are tightly closed. After replacement, for greater safety, apply soapy water to all connections and make sure they are tight;

    Do not replace the gas cylinder if there is a flame in the room and electrical appliances are on;

    When you have finished working with gas, do not forget to close the cylinder valve.

    When using household gas stoves, adhere to the safety rules outlined above and the following tips:

    Before using a new gas stove, carefully read the manufacturer's instructions;

    To connect the cylinder to the plate, use a special rubber hose with markings. The hose must be secured with safety clamps. Its length should be no more than one meter. Do not allow the gas hose to be pinched or stretched;

    Every time before using the oven, ventilate it by leaving the door open for a few minutes;

    Use the special rings for high ribbed burners when heating large, wide-bottomed pans on the hob. They increase the flow of necessary combustion air and facilitate the outflow of combustion products;

    Do not remove the burners of the gas stove and do not place cookware directly on the burner;

    Do not leave the gas stove unattended.

    Do not use electric ignition of the stove if the burners are removed.

    Do not flood the working surface of the stove with liquids.

    Reduce the flame after the contents of the cookware have boiled. This will prevent food from flooding the burners, besides, you will reduce the useless gas consumption, which will save money;

    Keep your gas stove clean. When it is contaminated with food, the gas does not burn completely and with the release of carbon monoxide. Before taking care of the gas stove, disconnect it from the mains. It is advisable to wash the burners, their nozzles and other parts of the stove at least once a month with a soapy or weak soda solution;

    Do not use the stove to heat the room;

    Do not dry your clothes in the oven or over the burners of a gas stove.

    If you smell gas in the room:

    In the event of a domestic gas leak, turn off the burners on the stove and the tap on the gas supply pipe;

    If there is a gas leak, in no case turn on the lights and electrical appliances, disconnect the phone from the socket, do not light candles and matches, do not go to other rooms where there is an open fire;

    The gas-polluted room must be ventilated and the emergency gas service must be called by phone.

    If you still smell gas after ventilating the room, it is possible that the gas leakage continues. Therefore, you need to take people out of the house, warn the neighbors and wait for the arrival of the emergency gas service on the street.

    First aid for household gas poisoning:

    Immediately remove the person with household gas poisoning to fresh air;

    If the person is breathing irregularly or not breathing at all, give artificial respiration;

    Do not allow gas poisoning to eat;

    Call the ambulance or take him to the infirmary.

    In the end, I would like to remind you that violation of the rules for using gas can lead to an explosion of domestic gas, which entails the collapse of part or the entire building, fires, serious injuries and death of people. Therefore, people who violated them are liable under Article 94 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Article 95 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Violations. The safety of you, your loved ones and neighbors depends on the correct and timely implementation of the rules for using household gas and gas appliances.

    Source: www.83.mchs.gov.ru

    04.07.2014 0:02

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