Pvc sewer pipes for interior work. Sewer pipes and fittings. Sizes and prices of plastic pipes for sewage: external system

Today, plastic pipes have almost completely replaced metal counterparts from use in sewer systems. They have such operational advantages as durability, low cost, minimal weight and ease of installation, which is achieved through the use of sewer fittings, which we will talk about in this article.

You will find out what sewer fittings exist and what materials they are made from. The types of fittings, their standard sizes will be considered and recommendations for installing the sewer system with your own hands will be given.

Content of the article

The use of plastic products in sewer communications

For the arrangement of sewer systems, pipes and fittings are used from materials such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene) and PN (polypropylene). Unlike steel and cast iron products, which are connected by welding, it is much easier to mount plastic pipes, since their joining does not require special equipment.

The advantages of plastic drainage fittings include:

• low weight, which facilitates their transportation and installation;
• long service life - the service life of a polymer pipeline reaches 50 years, which is achieved due to the complete resistance of the material to corrosion and chemically aggressive substances;
• wide temperature range - can be used to drain hot drains with temperatures up to 95 degrees;
• an extensive assortment of fittings, different shapes and sizes of which allow you to form a sewer pipeline of any configuration.

They are shaped elements used to connect individual pipes to each other, as well as to connect to a pipeline. Sewer fittings are sized to match the diameter of the pipes on the market.

According to the provisions GOST №21.604 “Water supply and sewerage“, For laying the internal sewerage it is necessary to use the following dimensions of PVC pipes:

• bath drain pipe - diameter 40 mm (fits with a slope of 1:30);
• shower - diameter 40 mm (slope 1:48);
• toilet bowl - diameter 110 mm (slope 1:20);
• sink - diameter 40 mm (slope 1:12);
• bidet - diameter 40 mm (slope 1:20);
• sink - diameter 40 mm (slope 1:36);
• combined drain for shower, bath and sink - diameter 50 mm (slope 1:48);
• central riser - diameter 110 mm;
• bends from the central riser - 60 mm.

For the installation of external communications, you need to apply pipes with a diameter of 160-200 mm... Sewer pipes and PVC fittings are selected so that their dimensions correspond to each other.

Features of the choice of pipes and fittings for sewage (video)

Sewer fittings classification

The variety of connecting elements used for the installation of pipelines is classified according to two parameters - the field of application and the method of connection. According to the scope of application, structures are divided into fittings intended for the installation of internal sewerage systems and products for external systems.

Depending on the connection method, sewer fittings are classified into:

• bell-shaped (a rubber sealing ring is installed inside the plastic structure), which ensures a strong fixation of the pipe and the tightness of the entire system;
• for gluing, without O-ring.

In terms of reliability and durability of the connection, adhesive fittings benefit, since the rubber seal during operation can lose elasticity and shrink, as a result of which a gap forms between the walls of the connected structures, which is the cause of leaks.

As an adhesive for the installation of PVC sewage systems, compositions based on a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and tetrahydrofuran are used, which, after curing, form a material similar in performance to the plastic from which the pipes themselves are made.

Proven adhesives for the installation of polymer pipelines - “ Tangit "," Vinylite "," Phoenix "and" Marx ", current VSN 35-86 “Instructions for the installation of plastic pipes” recommends using “ GIPK-127“.

Varieties of fittings for PVC sewage

Consider the types of fittings for internal sewage, equipped with a rubber O-ring:

1. Coupling - used to connect two parallel pipes to each other, there are also revision couplings, in which an openable window is provided for cleaning the system.
2. Reduction (adapter between different diameters) - used for joining pipes, the dimensions of which do not match, as well as for joining cast iron products with plastic ones.
3. Tee - allows you to make a parallel or inclined branch from the main pipeline, available with an angle of inclination of 45, 65 and 90 degrees.
4. Two-plane cross - performs two perpendicular branches to pipes of identical or different diameters, the angles of inclination are 45 0 and 90 0.
5. Single-plane cross - used to equip two parallel branches, angles 45 0 and 90 0. With the help of crosses, drain pipes from bathtubs, sinks and plumbing fixtures are most often brought to the main riser.
6. Elbow - allows you to make a turn in the laying of two parallel pipes, angles of 30, 40 and 90 degrees.
7. Compensation - used during repair work to replace a damaged section of the pipeline, which is previously cut out.
8. Plug - blocks the transported fluid during repairs or pipeline revisions.
9. Aerator (sewer valve) - installed on the upper end of the sewer riser, blocks the release of sewer gases into the room through the toilet, which can occur due to air discharge inside the riser, in which the water trap is sucked out of the siphon.

For the installation of external sewerage, in addition to the same range of connecting elements as when laying the internal system, the following types of shaped structures are used:

• - designed to block the reverse flow of the circulating fluid in the external pipeline, they must be completed with less than 2 cm;
• two-knee siphon - connects two parallel pipes, forming a bend at the junction, which creates an obstacle for the reverse flow of sewer gases.

The technical requirements and dimensions of PVC connection fittings are given in the following regulatory documents:

• GOST No. 18559 - for free-flow sewerage;
• GOST No. 52135 - for pressure systems.

Fittings must be sized according to the diameter of the pipes used. The following standard sizes of shaped structures for external sewerage are presented on the market:

• couplings - diameter 110-400 mm (revision coupling up to 315 mm), length 12-33 cm;
• bends - ∅ 110-400 mm, the distance between the sockets is 1.5-9 cm;
• a tee for 450 - ∅ 110-400, the length of the side flares is 14-53 cm, the height from the end part to the beginning of the protrusion of the flare is 14-50 cm;
• non-return valve - ∅ 110-250, length from 30 to 52 cm;
• two-knee siphon - ∅ 110-200 mm, length 51-82 cm.

PVC fittings for the installation of internal sewerage have a diameter range from 50 to 200 mm. To fasten pipes to walls, plastic clamps are used, which are mounted on the supporting structure using two anchors.

Installation and connection of plastic pipelines must be carried out in compliance with the following requirements:

1. Cutting PVC pipes of large sizes is performed using a special tool - a pipe cutter, which can be replaced with a grinder or a hacksaw. The main thing is that the cut is perpendicular to the pipe axis, since a tight connection cannot be made if there are gaps at the joint.
2. After cutting, the pipe edge must be deburred with a file and emery paper.
3. When using glued fittings, the mating areas must first be degreased, after which the glue can be applied. The composition is applied in a uniform layer with a brush, excess glue when joining structures is removed with a rag.
4. If rubber-sealed fittings are used, the contact surfaces must be coated before installation to reduce the risk of leakage. It is not necessary to install the pipe all the way to the stop, but so that it forms expansion gap of 1 cm... You will need to do a preliminary docking and mark the entry boundary on the pipe.

If done correctly, the sewer pipeline will not require repair throughout its entire service life.

Sewerage is one of the most important systems that provide a comfortable existence for a modern person. Therefore, special attention is paid to its installation and repair. Currently, the most popular material for creating a sewer system is plastic. And this is not surprising, because plastic pipes are easy to install, have low weight, long service life and are quite inexpensive. Therefore, they are increasingly displacing cast iron and steel sewers from the construction market.

Advantages of plastic sewage

Plastic sewerage has a number of advantages that ensure its ever-growing popularity. So, inside it does not form a layer due to the fact that it has a smooth inner surface. Installing a plastic sewer does not require the use of complex tools. For example, you can cut a plastic pipe using a simple hacksaw, without burrs appearing, and even if they do appear, they can be easily cleaned.

Thanks to modern technologies, the plastic used for the manufacture of sewers is very reliable and durable. You can assemble a plastic sewer with your own hands without much difficulty and without large material costs. Using heat treatment, the plastic pipe can be bent at any angle.

The indisputable advantages of plastic sewage are:

• light weight;
• resistance to corrosion, the influence of chemicals, aggressive drains, etc.;
• affordable price;
• long service life;
• low thermal conductivity.

Types of plastic

Polypropylene

Polypropylene is used for the manufacture of pipes used in pressure sewerage and water supply systems.

Polypropylene characteristics:

• due to the fact that polypropylene is resistant to abrasion, it is perfect for sewage with abrasive drains;
• pipes made of this material, due to their low weight, are easy to transport and install;
• polypropylene is resistant to high temperatures: its softening is possible only at temperatures over 140 ° C, and melting - over 175 ° C;
• polypropylene is resistant to aggressive chemical compounds;
• polypropylene is easily destroyed during transportation if the ambient temperature is from -5 to -15 ° C. But pipes laid in the ground can withstand lower temperatures;
• the state standard exists only for polypropylene pipes, which include copolymers;
• the size of the propylene pipe is usually determined by the specifications, which are determined by the customer. Most often they have a diameter of 32 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 110 mm;
• the length of pipes made of this material varies from 150 to 3000 mm.

Polyethylene

Characteristics of pipes made of polyethylene:

• this type of pipe is very resistant to alkalis and acids. For example, the containers in which electrolytes are stored for charging batteries and alkalis for cleaning earthenware are made of polyethylene;
• polyethylene easily withstands low temperatures. When water freezes in polyethylene pipes, they begin to stretch, and as soon as the ice plug melts, they return to their original size;
• due to the smoothness of the inner surface of polyethylene pipes, the formation of deposits does not occur in the sewer;
• the disadvantage of this material is its low resistance to high temperatures. Still, there are types of polyethylene that can withstand up to 80 ° C.

Corrugated polyethylene

It is used to create street sewers. It is made of two layers. In the production of corrugations, only high-quality PE63 or PE80 polyethylene is used. Corrugated polyethylene pipes are not afraid of the effects of chemical compounds, and due to their ring stiffness, they can be installed at a depth of one to twenty meters. The size of corrugated polyethylene pipes for sewage is determined by GOST 22689.2-89 and is 40, 50, 90 or 110 mm. Polyethylene pressure pipes in accordance with GOST 18599-83 have dimensions from 10 cm to 120 cm. Pipes with a diameter of more than 160 mm are made in the form of segments from five to twelve meters long. Products with a smaller diameter can be in the form of sections, coils or coils.

Pvc

Polyvinyl chloride, or PVC, is the most commonly used material for making plastic sewers. PVC sewers are used to create new systems in new buildings, and are also used when replacing old sewer systems.

Characteristics of PVC sewage system:

• PVC is resistant to various chemical compounds (alkalis, oils, acids, etc.);
• Polyvinyl chloride is not flammable, but it deforms when exposed to temperatures from 65-70 degrees, and at temperatures from 120 ° C it begins to decompose with the release of hydrogen chloride, so you should not use this material in engineering systems where high temperatures may be present;
• PVC is a dielectric, that is, it does not conduct electricity, therefore it does not require grounding;
• PVCVC (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride), despite its elasticity, may break with strong impacts or bends;
• the density of polyvinyl chloride, depending on the brand, can vary from 1.35 to 1.43 g / cm3.

Sizes of plastic pipes

The size of the pipes used to create plastic drainage depends on the load on the pipeline and its purpose. For example, when installing a sewage system in a private house, drain pipes from sinks and bathtubs should have a diameter of 40-50 mm, and from a toilet bowl - 100-110 mm. This is due to the fact that when draining water from the toilet bowl, a large amount of water enters the sewer system at the same time, in addition, solid waste can enter the sewer from the toilet, which can clog a small-diameter pipe, therefore, a pipe with a diameter of 100-110 should be used for the toilet. mm. The permeability of the pipe is determined by the permeability of its narrowest section. In the bathroom, the narrowest section is the siphon outlet, so it makes no sense to use a pipe with a diameter of more than 40-50 mm for the bathroom.

Advice. Since plastic pipes, unlike cast iron ones, have a smooth inner surface and, accordingly, are not prone to the formation of deposits, the diameter of these products from different materials in the same area may differ. So, you can replace a cast-iron pipe with a diameter of 50 mm with a plastic one with a diameter of 40 mm, while the throughput of the sewer system will not suffer.

The table below provides recommendations for the selection of pipe sizes for a particular section of the sewage system. These recommendations are indicative and may vary up or down, depending on the characteristics of the sewer system and factors affecting it.

When installing drainage systems, cast-iron pipes were previously commonly used, less often from other materials. But they all have a number of certain limitations in their application, associated, for example, with ease of transportation, the specifics of installation, maintenance, and the like. PVC sewer pipes have become a good alternative and are being actively introduced in various industries, including in the public sector, precisely because they do not have the same drawbacks that are characteristic of samples from other materials.

The abbreviation PVC stands for "polyvinyl chloride", although such products are often called vinyl plastic or vinyl chloride. There is no difference, since we are talking about the same material. Why is it so attractive for use in engineering systems for waste disposal?

Characteristics of PVC pipes

All these features of the products are generalized, since there are several types of plastic pipes that differ in production technology, and therefore in specific properties.

disadvantages

1. Limited operating temperature range - from -10 to +65 ° С, in some cases, up to +90 ° С (short-term exposure). But for sewage systems, this is not important.
2. Thin-walled pipes can resonate in some cases. Therefore, when they are laid in highways, it is necessary to carry out a number of additional operations for noise insulation of highways.

Classification

By strength:

• SN8 are heavy. They are used when laying in highways passing under various objects, including highways.
• SN4 - Medium. Similarly, only in areas with less stress.
• SN2 - Lungs. Such pipes are used at a shallow depth of laying in the ground, and are widely used in housing and communal services and the private sector.

By application:

• For internal sewage - gray or black.
• For outdoor (outside structures) - yellow or orange.

By pressure:

• Pressure.
• Free-flow (gravity drainage).

Manufacturing technology:

• PVC (PVC).
• PVC-U (PVC-NP) - unplasticized PVC. They are distinguished by greater strength and resistance to aggressive substances. Most often used in pressure systems.

By engineering solution:

• Smooth-walled.
• Corrugated.

By bonding method:

• Flare connection.
• Gluing.

Cost of PVC pipes

The range of products is quite large, but the given data for certain types of products will help you navigate in pricing (in rubles / r.m.).

• 160 mm - from 260 (for outdoor use).
• 110 mm (3.2 - wall thickness), with a bell - from 104 (for indoor installation) and 155 (for outdoor).
• 50 mm - from 55 (for indoor installation).

1. The diameter of the outer pipes should be larger than the same parameter of the central riser.
2. Approximate cross-sections for drain connection (mm):

• shower, sink, bath and the like - 40 (if the combined drain is at least 50);
• various bends from central highways - at least 65;
• toilet bowl, riser - 100.

Every owner wants everything to work in his household, nothing breaks, it is easy to maintain and install. And sewage is no exception. It is necessary that it requires as little attention as possible - it is very inconvenient if it clogs up, but it is no less unpleasant to clean it. If you want to have a trouble-free drainage system, pay attention to plastic pipes for sewage. They are gradually replacing cast iron, and all because they cost less, are easier to assemble, have a large assortment - different diameters and lengths, almost no deposits form on their smooth walls, and even the service life is about 50 years. All this bouquet of properties determines their popularity.

Types of plastic sewer pipes

• polyethylene (PE):
  • high pressure (HPP) - for internal sewerage wiring;
  • low pressure (HDPE) - it is possible to lay outside, in trenches (have great strength);
• polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
• polypropylene (PP)

And a number of other thermoplastics and their combinations, but they are rare - people prefer to use already known materials.

The material of the plastic sewer pipes is selected depending on the area of ​​application. For example, polypropylene is more suitable for laying sewage inside a house or in an apartment. It has a higher operating temperature range - it normally tolerates media up to 70 ° C, for a short time - up to 95 ° C. In the presence of various household appliances that drain hot waste water into the sewer, this will not be superfluous. PVC pipes, which have lower prices, are more appropriate when laying an external sewage system - there are usually already mixed drains, so the temperatures are lower and PVC can take them out without harm (working up to + 40 ° C, short-term increase up to 60 ° C).

Also, sewer pipes are smooth and corrugated. Moreover, not only the branches from the siphons can be corrugated. There are profiled pipes for sewerage with a smooth inner wall and an outer ribbed one. They have greater strength - they better tolerate compressive loads (have increased ring stiffness), and can be buried at great depths. Available in diameters from 110 mm to 1200 mm.

Dimensions and diameters

Sewer plastic pipes, unlike water and gas pipes, are produced in the form of segments, 50 cm long, 100 cm, 200 cm, etc. - up to 600 cm. The maximum length is 12 meters, but some manufacturers can make longer sections on request. When laying long routes, this is convenient - fewer connections, fewer possible places for problems (leaks or blockages).

Another important characteristics of plastic pipes are diameter and wall thickness. In the marking, they usually go side by side: there are numbers 160 * 4.2. What stands for: the outer diameter of the pipe is 160 mm, the wall thickness is 4.2 mm. It is worth remembering that manufacturers indicate the outer diameter of plastic pipes, and many calculations and planning require knowing the inner diameter. It is easy to calculate: we subtract twice the wall thickness from the outer one: 160 mm - 4.2 mm * 2 = 151.6 mm. In calculations and tables, a rounded result usually appears - in this case - 150 mm.

In general, the industry produces plastic pipes for sewerage with a diameter of 25 mm. The maximum cross-section depends on the type of pipe (smooth or corrugated) and the material from which it is made. For example, smooth PVC sewer pipes can be up to 630 mm in diameter, and profiled two-layer pipes - up to 1200 mm. But these dimensions are useless for homeowners or apartment dwellers. In private housing construction, diameters up to 100-110 mm are mainly used, rarely up to 160 mm. Sometimes, for a large cottage with a large number of plumbing fixtures, a pipe 200-250 mm in diameter may be needed.

How to choose a diameter for connecting plumbing fixtures

According to the rules, it is necessary to make a calculation, it is fully spelled out in SNiP 2.04.01085. This is a complex matter, a lot of data is required, so few people really think it right. Over the years, the practice has made it possible to derive the average diameters of polyethylene sewer pipes for each of the plumbing fixtures. You can safely use these developments - all calculations usually come down to precisely these dimensions.

As you can see, plastic pipes for sewage with a diameter of 30-40 mm are mainly used. Only for the toilet a much larger size is needed - 100-110 mm. This is due to the peculiarity of functioning - it is necessary to drain a large amount of water in a short period of time. In this case, there should be room for air in the pipe, otherwise it will rip off the water locks on other plumbing and the "aromas" from the sewage system will enter the room.

When making a device, you need to remember a few more rules:

We must also not forget about the insulation or heating of the sewer outlet in a private house. The vertical section that goes from the outlet to the entrance to the trench must be well insulated. Additionally, they are often used. In the case of sewers, they are usually laid outside, then covered with heat-insulating material.

That's all, it seems. The rules are simple, but if you follow them, everything will work for a long time and trouble-free.

Features of the installation of plastic sewer pipes

Plastic pipes for sewage on one side end with a socket, into which a sealing rubber is inserted. The segments are connected simply: an even edge is inserted into the socket. Since the dimensions are strictly normalized, this, in principle, is sufficient for a tight connection. In practice, the O-ring is often additionally coated with a silicone plumbing sealant.

When installing sewer plastic pipes, at times they have to be cut. It is convenient to do it with a hand saw with a metal blade - small teeth cut well and leave an almost even edge. You can also use a grinder or jigsaw. In any case, before installing the trimmed piece, its edge must be processed with fine-grain sandpaper - remove any burrs, make it even. A piece of waste can catch on the protruding pieces, As a result, a blockage may form in this place. Therefore, we carefully smooth out the saw cut.

When creating a sewer network in a house or apartment, it is often necessary to make a branch. For this, there are fittings - adapters from one diameter to another, tees, corners with different degrees of rotation, etc.

The drainage system necessarily consists of special sewer pipes that can be used directly for external networks. The reliability and durability of the future system will depend on them. It is important to choose the right material. At the present stage, cast iron, polyethylene, ceramic and PVC external pipes are used for sewer works. The latter option is used quite often due to their high quality and durability.

External PVC pipes must have the following qualities:

• High strength;
• Significant wear resistance and pronounced durability;
• Resistance to aggressive chemical and physical factors;
• Ability to withstand large temperature differences (no deformation and cracking).

However, it should not be forgotten that high quality pipes will not perform ideally if installation errors are present. Therefore, in addition to a competent and qualified choice, it is necessary to mount them accurately and accurately. External PVC pipes are mounted using a bell-shaped method using rubber cuffs, which ensure maximum tightness. Externally, external PVC pipes differ from internal ones in color - external pipes are red.

PVC pipes for outdoor sewerage

Due to its main qualities, PVC pipes for outdoor sewerage are widely used for the improvement of new lines, and for replacing worn out and damaged areas in old systems. They can be used for all types of wastewater (domestic, industrial and sludge). Moreover, their maximum temperature should not be higher than 60 degrees. PVC pipes are lightweight, which allows them to be quickly and easily installed without the use of additional skills and a special set of tools.

PVC pipes for outdoor sewerage are resistant to corrosion and sludge formation on internal surfaces. Drainage water with the presence of sand or small stones will not damage the pipe walls at all, which indicates their high wear resistance. Therefore, they are often used in industrial effluents. For various loads, the types of pipes corresponding to the stiffness are used, which are represented by classes SN4 and SN8. SN8 PVC pipes are stiffer and can withstand heavy loads, but are made only to order. All products are made of durable and shock-resistant material that undergoes a multi-stage quality check and has the appropriate certificates.

PVC pipe for outdoor sewerage price

Before buying a PVC pipe for outdoor sewerage, decide on its purpose and size.

The PVC pipe for outdoor sewerage, the price of which is always presented in our catalog, has an optimal ratio of price policy and high quality. It is well suited for sewer works of a wide range of purposes, providing ease of installation and transportation. Its reliability will significantly reduce the number of repairs.

The Tera-Plast company sells PVC pipes at manufacturer's prices wholesale and retail. Our trading and manufacturing company has been steadily developing since 2012. We can order products in any volume for creating long-distance pipelines. Thanks to your own vehicle fleet, you can buy PVC pipes for outdoor sewerage with delivery to the site. Delivery - within 1 one day in the Moscow region.