Energy for heating at home. How to use free heat and water? Geothermal home heating: principle of work. Geothermal heating formed by three contours

Content

To ensure a private house, heat traditionally used aggregates operating on electricity, solid, gas or liquid fuel. In recent decades, solar collectors and heat of earthly subsoil are used as an alternative source of thermal energy. Heated at home with the help of heat of land is called geothermal heating at home.

Geothermal home heating due to the energy of the Earth

Heating from the Earth enjoys a growing demand, since the cost of familiar energy resources is steadily increasing, and the reserves of fossil fuels are reduced. The investment of money in the earthy heating of a country cottage is quite advantageous, taking into account economic prospects and substantial savings on autonomous heat supply in the heating period.

Methods for obtaining natural thermal energy

Geothermal thermal pumps vary by the method of heat extraction:

1. Installations that use heat of groundwater in deep occurrence, hot geysers, etc.
2. Systems that include a tank with antifreeze, installed in the ground at a depth of 75 meters. Heating from the subsoil of the earth is ensured due to the natural heating of the tank with antifreeze; As a result, the refrigerant, passing through the heat exchanger, gives the resulting heat and returns to the container.
3. The geothermal contour is laid along the bottom of the reservoir, which is a natural heat battery. In this case, it is necessary to take into account that the reservoir can fully freeze in the winter.

The heating of the house of the Earth's energy requires large-scale work on the installation of the system, but this is an eco-friendly way to get almost free thermal energy. To dig a house, you will need minor electricity costs needed to function the system.

Principles of functioning of geothermal heating

Heating due to the energy of the Earth is successfully used in various climatic zones: systems are able to work in the southern and in the northern regions.

Geothermal installation in the process of its functioning uses such a physical property of some fluids, as the ability to evaporate, which leads to the cooling of the surface. This phenomenon underlies the operation of refrigeration equipment.

The principle of operation of geothermal heating is the cooling process running in the opposite direction. That is how air conditioners are working capable not only to cool, but also to warm the air indoors.

However, air conditioning installations have limited performance - they cannot function at temperatures below -5 ° C. And the geothermal system is able to ensure the heating of the house regardless of the air temperature on the surface. This is due to the fact that in the environment where it takes thermal energy is naturally supported by stable temperature conditions.

Device of the geothermal heating system

Geothermia (science on the thermal state of the Earth) made it possible to practically use heat energy that the earth's bark receives from a red-hot magma in the center of the planet.

A specially developed heat pump for heating at home is installed on the surface, and the heat exchanger is mounted in the ground or at the bottom of the reservoir. The thermal energy "rolls out" to the surface and allows heating the coolant in the contour of the home heating or non-residential object.

Geothermal heating of a private house is an economically effective option. If you use the energy of the Earth for home heating, then each kilowatt of electricity required for the operation of equipment is from 4 to 6 kW of the useful thermal energy obtained from the bowels of the planet.

In comparison with the functioning of the air conditioner, we will see that during its operation, more than 1 kW of electricity is required to receive 1 kW of thermal energy. This is due to the inevitable losses for the transformation of one energy to another, etc.

Dumping a residential building due to the thermal energy of the earth's depths is very profitable, but the recovery period of equipment and installation costs will take a certain time.

The use of heat heat for home heating does not require the installation of a traditional boiler for heating the coolant.

In this case, the system consists of three components:

• heating circuit - geothermal source of thermal energy;
• the heating circuit inside the house is low-temperature radiator or outdoor;
• the pumping station is a heat pump for pumping into the heating circuit of thermal energy from the heating circuit in the thickness of the soil or under water.

The geothermal heating system can also be used to heat the greenhouses, auxiliary buildings, water in the pool, garden tracks, etc.

Equipment for the arrangement of geothermal heating

Geothermal equipment for the deep heating system allows accumulating thermal energy extracted from the environment and transmit it to the heat carrier in the heating circuit.

The list of equipment for heating with the heat of the Earth includes:

• Evaporator. The device is placed at a depth, and it serves to absorb the heat in geothermal waters or soil of thermal energy.
• Capacitor. Allows you to bring the antifreeze temperature to the value required for the functioning.
• Heat pump. Provides circulation of antifreeze in the heating circuit, controls the operation of the geothermal installation.
• Buffer tank is a container for collecting heated antifreeze. Allows you to transfer the thermal energy of the earth's depths to the coolant. The tank through which the coolant passes is equipped with a heat exchanger in the form of a coil. By him, giving heat, the heated antifreeze is moving.

Installation of the system

Geothermal heating of a country house at the stage of arrangement requires solid cash investments. The high summary value of the system is largely due to a large volume of land, related to the installation of the heating contour.

Over time, financial costs pay off because heat energy used in the heating season is extracted from earthly depths with minimal electricity costs.

To ensure the heating of the house with the heat of the Earth, installation of the system is required:

• the main part should be placed under the ground or at the bottom of the reservoir;
• in the house itself, only enough compact equipment is installed and the contour of radiator or floor heating is laid. The equipment located inside the house allows you to adjust the heating level of the coolant.

When designing heating due to the heat of the Earth, it is necessary to determine the installation option of the working circuit and the collector type.

Distinguish two types of collectors:

1. Vertical - immersed in a soil for several tens of meters. For this, at a short distance from the house you need to drill some wells. In the well, the contour is immersed (the most reliable option - stitched polyethylene tubes).

Disadvantages: Large financial costs for drilling in the soil of several wells depth from 50 meters.

Advantages: underground pipe arrangement at a depth, where the temperature of the soil is distinguished by stability, ensures high efficiency of the system. In addition, the vertical collector occupies a small area of \u200b\u200bthe land.

2. Horizontal. The use of such a collector is allowed in the regions with a warm and moderate climate, since the depth of the primer of the soil should not exceed 1.5 meters.

Disadvantages: the need to use a large area of \u200b\u200bthe plot (the main drawback). This plot of land after laying the contour is impossible to use under the garden or garden, as the system works with the release of cold during refrigerant transportation, which is why the roots of the plants will be blocked.

Advantages: Cheaper land work that can even be done on their own.

Geothermal energy can be obtained if you put a horizontal geothermal circuit at the bottom of the unsolved reservoir. However, it is difficult to implement in practice: the water can be located outside the private area and then the installation of the heat exchanger will need to be coordinated. The distance from the heated object to the reservoir should be no more than 100 meters.

Important! The temperature of the surrounding reservoir should not be descended below + 5 ° C. The upper part of the collector in contact with the frozen soil should be protected with thermal insulation to avoid thermal energy loss.

Advantages and disadvantages

Heating of Energy Earth has a number of advantages:

• Efficiency. Compared with electricity costs for the heat pump operation, the system allows you to get several times more thermal energy.
• Ecology. This type of heating is environmentally friendly harmless, there are no emissions into the atmosphere.
• Safety. No need to use any fuel, chemical tools, etc., there is no threat of explosion or equipment ignition.
• The minimum need for technical support. The correctly mounted system is able to work without any intervention for at least 30 years.
• Efficiency. During operation, there are no costs for repairs, which allows you to recoup the installation of heating for 5-8 years.
• No need to control the operation of the system.
• Low noise during the operation of the equipment.
• The inexhaustibility of the source of thermal energy is not required to purchase and store the energy carrier.

The disadvantages include:

• initially high equipment costs;
• the need to conduct complex drilling work on the plot for mounting the vertical circuit or spoil the landscape with the preparation of trenches for the horizontal heat exchanger.

In a moderate climate, geothermal installations have proven its effectiveness. In the Nordic Regions, this type of heating is suitable for small areas (up to 200 m 2).

Having understood how the system works and from which parts it is worth, you can determine the possibility of installing it on your own site. Mostly heating from the ground is equipped at the stage of building a house - in this case, it is easier to carry out earthworks, since the layout of the site and the creation of landscape design is still ahead.

Surely you have repeatedly heard about geothermal heating. Such systems are established in many European countries and they enjoy great success and popularity among the population. Is it possible to install it? To understand this, you need to deal with the principle of work, as well as consider all the advantages of such a system.

Benefits of geothermal heating

The cost of geothermal heating at home

Probably, this is the only moment, due to which the system is still non-Ukrainy. The initial costs can reach one million rubles. It all depends on what is the area of \u200b\u200byour home and from the source of heat. So, laying the heating circuit in reservoirs is cheaper For the same costs for the pumping station and on the associated materials (pipes, sealants, etc.).

This is the most profitable such installation for small houses. Expenses pay off in two or three years since no need to pay for gas / coal / firewoodAnd all expenses are reduced to pay for a small amount of electricity, which is spent on the operation of pumping equipment. Is it worth saving, performing such installation is not turnkey, but on your own? Perhaps, provided that you carefully examine all the features of the process. In practice, there are cases of successful assembly by the owners themselves.

The cost of work turnkey consists:

• from the calculations of the power of the pump, the length of the heating circuit;
• from the price of work in soils or water (drilling wells, copper trenches, water laying), as well as related work on laying and installation;
• from the installation and connection of the pumping station.

As an example, we give approximate calculations for a house of 150 square meters. m.

1. For such a dwelling, a thermal pump with a capacity of 14 kW is required. Its price is 260 thousand rubles.
2. The amount for all work on the arrangement of the vertical earth contour - approximately 427 thousand rubles. May fluctuate depending on the types of soils.

Total - 687 thousand rubles. We see that very significant initial costs for the installation of geothermal heating. The price of ordinary boilers is much cheaper. For comparison, calculate what your current heat supply costs, and calculate how much you will spend with geothermal heating. Both cases consider in perspective for many years (10-15 years). The difference is very and very significant.

Main components of geothermal heating systems

Geothermal heating does not use the usual heat sources. No firewood, about coal, gas or electricity (in the amount that the usual electric boiler uses) is not coming.

The whole system consists of three main elements. They are:

• heating contour inside the house;
• heating circuit;
• pumping station.

As a heating contour, which will be inside the house, can act as conventional usual radiators and a warm floor (for its heating there are more energy). In addition, this the system can be tested for heating the greenhouse, pools, tracks inside the site, so on.

In this case, geothermal heat sources in this case are the heating circuit. So, heats up with the use of energy of the earth, water, as well as air.

The pumping station is necessary in order to pump the heat from the geothermal heating circuit into the heating.

Read more about the method of heating

To heat the room with geothermal heating, energy is used, which is stored in the environment. The principle of operation is borrowed from the design of the refrigerator. In it, heat from the inner chamber is displayed outside so that in the chamber itself to achieve minimal temperature values. At the same time, the rear wall is heated. In geothermal heating, heat from the ground (or water, air) is displayed in the residential premises. The difference is that the heat source does not cool, and has a stable temperature. Because of this, the heating of the room can occur at any cold season. And in the heat you can configure the system to make the housing cooled.

Consider an example with a heating outline for housing heating inside the Earth. This option is the most common, since the position of the geothermal contour in water sources requires its presence near the house. This is less common.

Heat from the Earth

At a certain depth, the Earth has its own temperature. It does not depend on weather conditions and season. We are talking about those layers that are below the level of freezing. That is, the contour of heating is paired where the temperature always has a stable positive value.

Methods for the position of pipes of heating contours in the ground

Vertical laying

Lies in the fact that perform deep well drillingIn which pipes will be laid. Their depth depends on what area it will be necessary to heat. The value reaches up to 300 meters. The calculation comes from the fact that one meter of geothermal pipeline accounts for 50-60 W thermal energy of the Earth. For a pump with a capacity of 10 kilowatt (it is suitable for the house with an area of \u200b\u200bup to 120 square meters. M) it will be necessary for a well depth from 170 to 200 meters. You can drill several wells, but less depth. The advantage of the method is that with such a laying there is a smallest intervention in the landscape of your site, if the house has already been built, and the plot is shown in the proper look. But at the same time there are high costs for work.

Horizontal laying

On the adjacent area, trenches of a huge area are broken. Them depth depends on the level of labeled earth in your region (from 3 meters and deeper), and the area of \u200b\u200bthe pit - from the square of the house. It follows from the fact that 1 meter of the pipeline falls from 20 to 30 W energy. If you install the same heat pump per 10 kW, the length of the contour must be from 300 to 500 m. For the bottom of these trenches, the pipes are stacked, and the earth is covered back.

Work scheme of the whole design

In essence, there are three contours through which the liquid circulates. The first of them we designated as heating. The following contour is within the pump. There, the refrigerant takes heat from the heating circuit and transmits it to the third cycle by means of pipes into the house.

The coolant passes along the contour under the ground and heats up to a temperature of 7 ° C (as the indicator at a depth below the level of the freezing). All the energy that the coolant took from the ground comes in the heat pump.

In the thermal pump there is the first heat exchanger. In him the coolant from the earth contour heats the refrigerant, increasing him not only temperature, but also pressure. In the state of gas, the refrigerant passes into the second heat exchanger. Here he heats the coolant, which circulates through the pipes inside the house, and then returns to the liquid state again.

The fashion includes alternative methods of heating housing. For such systems, there is no need for at home from gas highways. In this case, there are no fuel combustion in the structures. One of the effective options is the thermal heating of the house. Developing technologies contribute to the fact that various models of this type of heating of the premises appear in the domestic market.

Application of Earth Energy

It must be borne in mind that the soil does not freeze in most frost in most regions of the country. This property is also operated by the builders who are engaged in laying pipelines below the average level of soil freezing. The thermal value is indicator at + 5- + 7 0 C. This allows the use of Earth energy for home heating.

The resulting heat due to the modern installation can be accumulated. The principle of operation of geothermal heating at home, according to the reviews of the owners, is similar to the principle of work of the refrigerator. The working cycle algorithm is as follows:

• it is necessary to get warm to keep it and redirect to the energy battery;
• antifreeze is heated in one of the circuits of the system, and it transmits the energy of water circulating in the second heating circuit and DHW;
• chilled antifreeze is redirected to the heat exchanger area to get warm again.

This approach allows you to use for the heating of the house with the heat of the Earth. Systems use geothermal pumps. The extracted heat may be enough for both the installation in the form of the main source of heat in the room and to operate it as a duplicate or auxiliary scheme.

Video: Miracle of Technology - Heat from under the ground

Principle of operation

Heating from the ground has not been a fantastic or single development for a long time. In many European countries, this direction refers to priority. In our country, it also conquers its fans.

It has long been noticed that during evaporation some substances are cooled by the left surface. This property first became applied in household and industrial refrigerators for cooling. Later, an idea arose to use the opposite effect of this phenomenon, getting warm air. It was introduced into air conditioners working on heating. However, they are not able to function at temperatures below -50С. Geothermal devices are devoid of such a shortage.

Scheme of equipment

The basic link in the system is a heat pump used in two circuits:

• the first circuit is a classic heating system with a water heat carrier, consisting of main pipes, radiators and shut-off valves;
• the second outline is a large-scale heat exchanger, located in the grip thicker or under a large open reservoir.

Inside the second circuit, both special antifreeze and prepared water are used. It is heated due to the energy of the inner heat of the Earth and goes into a heat pump. It is transferred from it heat into the inner circuit and enters the radiators.

An important detail is a heat pump. Its dimensions do not exceed the size of the washing machine. Consuming 1 kW, the device issues 4-5 kW of heating power. For comparison, air conditioners work around consumption / recoil mode 1 to 1.

Today, the price of heat heat for home heating remains still high, but its constant decline occurs.

Major costs in the installation process go to expensive foreign equipment and work with the soil. There are also developments in order to independently construct geothermal pumps that create heat in the house.

Benefits of the system

Geothermal heating has a mass of positive qualities, which benefit from it among other systems, such as gas or electric. Advantages include:

• the installation is absolutely safe in terms of ignition, as it does not have a flame;
• for installation it is not necessary to pierce chimneys;
• there are no harmful emissions, noises or unpleasant odors;
• compact equipment does not take up much space;
• it is not necessary to deliver and store any fuel;
• used inexhaustible Earth energy;
• the equipment can work in winter for heating, and in the summer for cooling;
• high performance with autonomous work;
• although the installation costs are expensive, but operating costs are at times less than that of traditional heating sources.

Layout layout

There are several options for mounting geothermal systems. They are close to efficiency and apply depending on the possibilities of the nearby landscape and temperature conditions of the region.

Vertical Installations

The main difference is in the installation of the heat exchanger. The most compact is the vertical location. This option does not require significant land areas. However, it is necessary to use the drilling rig, since the depth wells will be needed.

Approximate depth of wells for geothermal systems is 50-200 m for efficient operation.

This species is the most expensive in the installation, but its estimated period of operation is at the assurances of manufacturers up to 100 years, which is still the greatest period among such systems. The main advantage of vertical installation is the maximum preservation of the adjacent landscape.

Horizontal mounting

For regions, in which the level of soil freezing is relatively shameless, it is advantageous to have a heat exchanger in the horizontal plane. Pipes in such a situation are located in the trenchy trench. It occupies a fairly large area, which is often presented as a lack of this layout. However, in this situation, no expensive drilling is required.

The collector in the form of tubes is distributed by hinges by the dedicated territory. It is necessary to remove 1.5-2 meters from the roots of trees so that they do not damage the design. The approximate area for heating at home in 250 m2 will be about 600 m2. Not all have such resources to accommodate the geothermal collector.

Underwater accommodation

Installation of the collector under the thickness of water is one of the most effective methods of housing heating. It is desirable that the reservoir is not further 100 m from the house-building. Collector spirals are mounted under the depth of at least 2.5-3 m, which will allow them to be below the waterproof point. The reservoir mirror must be at least 200 m 2 in the area.

When water placing a collector, the need for water works is significantly reduced, while there are no losses in the installation efficiency.

Inside the house, such heating will resemble a classic water system with radiators. However, the heating of the coolant will be carried out without the use of fuel.

Of course, such a system is still very expensive - 2-3 times more than gas heating. But if you calculate savings on fuel, the reliability and safety of the equipment, the duration of operation - usually build at home not by 10 and not even for 20 years, but for a much longer period, it becomes clear what kind of system is the future. You can try right now to make installation, but you can wait a few more years when domestic developments appear on the market.

Video: Economical home heating, types of heat pumps, connection scheme

The popularity of autonomous communications is growing from year to year. The reason is uninterrupted renewable use of the resource - water, heat, electricity - at low cost. Nevertheless, there are a number of difficulties and before you decide to install any system, you should familiarize yourself with the requirements for it. Today we are talking about geothermal heating at home and turnkey cost.

Types of geothermal heating systems

The principle of obtaining heat energy consists of collecting it from the depths of the Earth or the reservoir. In winter, natural resources are able to accumulate heat in the thickness of the soil or non-freezing water. It is removed on the surface and spent on domestic needs. Work is based on promotion in collectors and pipes of a special coolant - freon and similar to the processes occurring in the refrigerator. Heat fence from bowel subsurface or reservoir, piping wiring, repeating cycle.

System equipment consists of the following:

• Heat pump. His task is to generate heat pumping from soil or reservoir into the home heat supply system.
• Mainstream. The wiring goes into the depth of the soil vertically or is located in the thick of the earth horizontally.
• Freon - coolant. Booming at low temperatures, it rises along a trunk pipeline so that, in turn, give heat to water circulating radiators.

The seeming simplicity of the system is nevertheless difficult in the installation - only professionals are engaged.

Accommodation options for geothermal heating

The system is paved in several ways requiring certain territorial conditions. For example:

• Horizontally, below the level of labeling of the Earth. For such an option, an impressive house area is required, excluding plantings, buildings and the house itself. Otherwise, the amount of heat produced by the heat pump will not be enough for a comfortable optimal temperature.
• Horizontally along the bottom of the reservoir. It is considered the most economically profitable, since the water temperature in winter is more than that of the soil, therefore, energy efficiency is better. It is not necessary to remove the soil layer at the house, which has to arrange the territory. But the way is beneficial to the owners of the plots, whose real estate is located in close proximity to the water source - Lake, Pond.
• Vertical probe. Does not require the purity of the soil and its extensity, as well as the reservoir, however, expensive due to a specially drilled well of at least 30 m.

A professional estimate will give only a specialist who visited the site. In addition to the territory, it is important to evaluate the composition of the soil - on sandstones, geothermal heating is almost useless, wet drums are required.

Estimation of the geothermal system

Owners of private houses, chanting the idea of \u200b\u200bfree warmth, should consider the situation on a sober head - to get an economically favorable system paying for themselves, it is necessary to invest in it quite seriously, since independently geothermal heating does not arrange. Installations are fabricated roads. Judge for yourself:

• Cost of thermal pump. Performance depends on the power, the unit, which is calculated in advance based on consumption needs. Approximate calculation formula - 1 kW per 10 kV. Square meters - does not give the correct result, since it does not take into account the material of the walls, floors and needs in the DHW (hot water supply).
• Excavation. Manually dig up the pit below the level of the landscape of the Earth and equip it in all the rules - unrealistic. Equally, how to drill a well. We will have to hire construction equipment and a concomitant brigade.

Tip - to engage in the arrangement of geothermal heating should one company - the fragmented types of work will cost more in the future, especially if any kind of brigade happens - there is no guarantee.

• Price set of pipes. The geothermal installation involves the presence of three contours: external, outside the residential building, the average located inside the pump housing and the inner-tube wiring of the home system.
• Cost of Montaja. In addition to installing the pump and probes, commissioning works, the installation of the heating floor and other related work are taken into account.

In addition to the listed costs, it is required to mention bureaucratic wires. Those organizations whose communications pass on the site - gas supply, electricity, water - should give good to carry out earthworks. Accordingly, the examination is under the subject of the appropriateness of the device, which naturally will also require investments. It is important to prepare for the embarrassment of nerve cells - this is not a joke!

Factors of rationality use

It is important to remember that the autonomous installation of cheap heat is in itself (electricity costs) is rational only after the following conditions are fulfilled:

• High-quality warming at home. Including facades, floors, ceilings. Considate the construction material - the stone and brick will significantly increase the power consumption of the thermal pump. What will entail the rise in price and payment on accounts.
• The correct calculation of heat loss. They directly affect the architecture and layout of the house. The object with a large number of windows and doors, as well as the volume of technological openings - the main factors of heat leaks.
• Heat exchangers with high heat transfer materials. The coefficient is known in advance.
• Climatic conditions. Minus temperatures of Siberia or Urals are not at all in the east and west of Russia. Cold regions require greater power of the unit.
• Required hot water supply. The residential building with year-round accommodation, several bathrooms, bath and bathrooms are of the extensive water consumption for household needs than say the cottage with the kitchen. That is, it will also increase resource consumption.
• The influence of cold underground flows. This turns out at the project development phase. Otherwise, styling and starting to work geothermal pipes with unaccounted sources will adversely affect the productivity of the entire system.

Alone to take into account all the nuances of the installation of an alternative heat source - it is impossible. No necessary knowledge. To do this, choose the company on the profile and simply enjoy the result. Playback of projects occurs after 5-10 years of operation.

The cost of geothermal turnkey heating

The advantage of turnkey mounting is evident. In addition to investments, nothing will have to do anything - many firms assumes the obligations associated with paper fiber. Also, any types of work have a guarantee, in case of unsatisfactory result, compensation is provided - this is a separate item in the contract.

Cost, as follows:

• For a residential building with an area of \u200b\u200b80 square meters. M - from 350 thousand rubles. Low cost is due to the presence of a small power pump.
• Cottage from 100 square meters. M - from 440 thousand rubles.
• Area from 130 square meters. M - from 520 thousand rubles.
• Up to 220 square meters. M - from 750 thousand rubles.

Prices are approximate and depend on the cost of the selected equipment. How to keep the project will be prompted by specialists when contacting the company. However, the choice of low power in favor of the cost is impossible - this will affect the productivity of the system.

Video on the arrangement of geothermal turnkey heating

How to get warm in the house from the ground

• Getting heat - you will need to accumulate thermal energy and direct it into the accumulation tank.
• Heating coolant. Heated antifreeze should pass the thermal energy of the liquid, which circulates in the heating system and the DHW.
• The cooled antifreeze must be left back to the heat exchanger for further heating.

How does geothermal home heating work, the principle of work

Then there was an idea why not let the cooling process in the opposite direction and not get instead of cold hot air. Most modern air conditioners are able not only to cool the air indoors, but also work on its heating. But the disadvantage of such devices is that they are limited to the ambient temperature. So, after the mark reaches -5 degrees, they stop working. Geothermal pumps for the heating of private houses from the Earth are completely devoid of such a shortage, although they use the principle, in many respects resembling the operation of the air conditioner to heat the room.

How is the geothermal heating

• In the lower layers of the soil, water collectors are installed on the bottom of the river or lake, which circulates antifreeze. Collectors absorb heat and release cold.
• Heated antifreeze with a pump rises upstairs.
• In the buffer tank there is heat exchange. Heated antifreeze gives thermal energy to the coolant or heats the water.
• The cooled antifreeze comes back to collectors.

There are installations that are able to make large rooms independently, others are used exclusively as an auxiliary equipment capable of providing from 50-75% of the need for warmeter.

Geothermal Equipment for the Use of Earth Heat

• The evaporator is deep underground. The evaporator function is to absorb thermal energy in the surrounding soil.
• Condenser - contact antifreeze to the required temperature.
• The heat pump is circulating antifreeze in the system. Carries out control over the operation of the entire installation.
• The buffer tank collects the heated antifreeze in one place, for the transfer of energy to the coolant. It consists of an internal tank, it contains water from the heating system and the inner coil, which moves the heated antifreeze.

Although the natural low-temperature geothermal heating of the house with the heat of the Earth gives a sufficiently thermal energy, the most practical option of heating with this solution is to connect it to the "Warm floor" system.

Installation and installation of geothermal heating

1. Departure engineer at home. During the first visit, the soil samples are taken, the peculiarities of the area are determined and the decision on the most effective installation of the geothermal system is made. The source of alleged heat may also affect the efficiency of the installation. The installation of heat exchangers at the bottom of the reservoir or the origins of thermal sources is considered more productive.
2. Conclusion of the contract and the acquisition of the necessary equipment. Rates may differ significantly depending on the complexity of the installation work and other nuances. But on average, if a high-quality German manufacturer is selected, the installation cost will be approximately equal to its price. Acquisition turnkey VAILLANT installation for a house of 350 square meters. m. will cost approximately 21 thousand $
3. Installation work. The heating of a private house underground geothermal heat sources, or rather, its effectiveness depends largely on the proper work during the installation phase. After water heat exchangers are installed in the ground, it is connected to a geothermal installation and a home heating system.
4. Commissioning works. The engineer launches the system and performs accurate device adjustment. After setting, the act of delivery is signed.

According to current legislation, the enterprise establishes the equipment, may provide additional guarantees subject to payment for these services. Such guarantees will cost another $ 1000.

Whether geothermal heating in the north is effective

• The temperature of the soil layer in which the heat exchangers are located, should not be descended below + 5, + 7 ° C degrees.
• Throughout the system, which proceeds antifreeze, conditions are created to avoid its freezing.
• Geothermal heating of the country house made after all necessary calculations and project documentation.

Geyser heating of a private house

How to dig a house with a geothermal pump

Thermal energy literally lies under the legs. The point is only to get off and "raise" it. This can help geothermal installation. Installation of the pump allows, depending on the terrain, or fully compensate for the need for thermal energy, or to satisfy them in part, significantly reduced the load on the main source of heating and the DHW system of frequent house.

avtonomnoeteplo.ru.

Is the home heating effectively due to the heat and energy of the Earth: analysis and tips on arrangement

Geothermal heating is one of the most promising of the total number of alternative sources of energy. In contrast to heliosystems, it practically does not depend on the time of year. But is it profitable if the heating of the house due to the heat and energy of the Earth?

Geothermal heating at home

First, it is necessary to deal with the principles of obtaining thermal energy. They are based on increasing the temperature when the earth is gluable. At first glance, increasing the degree of heating is insignificant. But thanks to the emergence of new technologies, the heating of the house due to the heat of the Earth became a reality.

The main condition for organizing geothermal heating is not lower than 6 ° C. This is characteristic of medium and deep layers of soil and reservoirs. The latter have a greater dependence on the external temperature indicator, so extremely rarely used. How can you practically organize the heating of the Energy Energy House?

To do this, it is necessary to make 3 contours filled with liquids with various technical specifications:

• Outer. More often in it circulates antifreeze. Its heating to a temperature not lower than 6 ° C due to the energy of the Earth;
• Heat pump. Without it, heating due to the energy of the Earth is impossible. The coolant from the outer circuit using the heat exchanger transmits its energy to the refrigerant. The temperature of its evaporation is less than 6 ° C. After that, it enters the compressor, where after compression there is an increase in temperature to 70 ° C;
• Inner contour. According to a similar scheme, heat transmission from a compressed refrigerant water in the departure system is performed. Thus, heating from the depths of the earth with minimal costs.

Despite explicit advantages, it is rare to meet such systems. This is due to high costs for the purchase of equipment and the organization of the exterior contour of the heat fence.

It is best to entrust the calculation of heating from the heat of the Earth to professionals. The efficiency of the entire system will depend on the correctness of the calculation.

"Heart" of geothermal heating is a thermal pump. It consists of several components whose work directly affects the efficiency of the entire system. Therefore, before planning the heating of a private house from the Earth - you need to find out the main characteristics of this node.

Since this device refers to the discharge of complex equipment - it is recommended to acquire only factory models. The design of the heat pump includes the following components:

• Evaporator. In this block, energy is transmitted from an external contour;
• Compressor. We are needed to create high pressure in the refrigerant environment;
• Capillary. It serves to reduce the internal pressure in the refrigerant circuit;
• Control system. With it, it is regulated by the heating of a private house from the Earth - the temperature mode of operation, the rate of passage of coolants, etc.

The main problem in the independent manufacture of the heat pump is to reduce thermal losses and normalization of the internal contour with the refrigerant. Setting the factory models occurs at the stage of manufacture, and in the design there are capabilities of adjusting its parameters.

How to correctly calculate the parameters of the pump so that the heat of the ground for home heating has provided normal temperature? To do this, find out the thermal power of the pump. For approximate calculation, you can use the following formula:

Where T1-T2 is the temperature difference on the inlet and inverse pipe, ° C, V is the calculated amount of the flow rate of the coolant, m³ / h, q - the rated power of the heat pump, W.

This method is not applicable for complex systems, as they have many additional factors. In particular, the thermal losses on the highway. In particular, this applies to those zones where it comes out as close as possible to the surface of the soil. To minimize heat losses, the heating of heating pipes in the ground should be performed.

Since the operation of the heat pump depends on the electricity - it is recommended to install an emergency power unit.

Accommodation options for geothermal heating

In order for the energy of the earth for home heating to be used as much as possible - you need to choose the right circuit scheme. In fact, a source of thermal energy can be any medium - underground, water or air. But it is important to take into account the seasonal changes to weather conditions, as mentioned above.

Currently, two types of systems are common, which are effectively used for home heating due to the heat of the Earth - horizontal and vertical. The key factor of choice is the land area. From this depends on the layout of pipes for the heating of the house of the Earth's energy.

In addition, such factors are taken into account:

• The composition of the soil. In Rockies and Suglinka, it is difficult to make vertical trunks for laying highways;
• Soil freezing level. It will determine the optimal depth of the pipes;
• Location of groundwater. What they are higher - the better for geothermal heating. In this case, the temperature with a change in depth will increase, which is the optimal condition for heating due to the energy of the Earth.

You also need to know about the possibility of reverse energy transfer in the summer. Then the heating of a private house from the Earth will not function, and excess heat will go from the house to the soil. All the refrigeration systems work on the same principle. But for this you need to install additional equipment.

It is impossible to plan the installation of an external contour in the distance from the house. This will increase thermal losses in heating from the depths of the Earth.

Horizontal geothermal heating scheme

The most common way to install external highways. It is convenient for the simplicity of installation and the possibility of rapidly replacing faulty pipelines.

To install, using this scheme uses a collector system. For this, there are several contours located at a minimum distance of 0.3 m from each other. They are connected using a collector, which supplies the coolant further in the heat pump. This will ensure the maximum energy intake in heating from the heat of the Earth.

But at the same time, a number of important nuances should be taken into account:

• Large area of \u200b\u200bthe nursery. For home about 150 m², it must be at least 300 m²;
• Pipes are mandatory as the depth below the soil freezing level;
• With the possible movement of the soil during the spring floods, the likelihood of highway displacement increases.

The determining advantage of heating from the heat of the earth of the horizontal type is the possibility of independent arrangement. In most cases, this will not need to attract special equipment.

For maximum heat transfer, it is necessary to use pipes with a high thermal conductivity - thin-walled polymer. But at the same time, we should consider ways of insulation of heating pipes in the ground.

Vertical scheme of geothermal heating

This is a more laborious way to organize the heating of a private house from the Earth. Pipelines are located vertically, in special wells. It is important to know that such a scheme is much more efficient than the vertical.

Its main advantage is to increase the degree of water heating in the external circuit. Those. The deeper the pipes are located - the more the amount of heat of the earth for heating will go into the system. Another factor is the small area of \u200b\u200bthe land plot. In some cases, there is an arrangement of the outdoor contour of geothermal heating even before the construction of the house in the immediate vicinity of the foundation.

What difficulties can be faced with the energy of the Earth's energy for home heating on this scheme?

• Quantitative to high-quality. For vertical location, the length of the triggers is much higher. It is compensated by a larger soil temperature. For this you need to make wells with a depth of up to 50 m., What is a laborious work;
• The composition of the soil. For rock soil, you need to apply special drilling machines. In Suglink, a protective shell of w / w or thick-walled plastic is mounted to prevent the wellness of the well;
• In case of malfunction or loss of tightness, the repair process is complicated. In this case, long-term failures in the work of the house heating for the thermal energy of the Earth are possible.

But despite the large primary costs and labor intensity of the installation, the vertical location of the highways is optimal. Specialists advise you to apply exactly the installation scheme.

To circulate the coolant in the outer circuit in the vertical system, powerful circulation pumps are needed.

Organization of geothermal heating

Consumers still have the main question - is it possible to use the heating of a country house with the energy of the Earth as the main one? This is possible, but only with a professional approach at all stages - starting on the calculation and ending with the installation and verification of the system.

First of all, it is necessary to correctly pick up the heat pump. Given their high cost - you must first fulfill all the preliminary calculations of its characteristics. Only in this case, the heating due to the thermal energy of the Earth will have the maximum indicator of the efficiency. Among reliable manufacturers, Buderus, Vaillant and Veissman are allocated. The average cost of the heat pump for heating from earthlings is about 360 thousand rubles at a rated power of 6 kW. More productive models can do over 1 million rubles.

In addition to the cost, you need to pay attention to the material manufacturing material. To minimize heat losses in heating from the thermal energy of the Earth, it is recommended to use the following:

• Stitched polyethylene. Differs low cost - optimal for horizontal schemes;
• Steel stainless steel pipe. It is used in heating with the thermal energy of the Earth with a vertical location of the outdoor circuit. It is advantageous from the cross-linked polyethylene with a high indicator of thermal conductivity and mechanical strength. The disadvantage is a big value.

Given all these factors, in most cases, geothermal heating from the energy of the Earth as an additional one. Over time, the cost of components and the effectiveness of thermal pumps will increase - and only if such systems can be considered as the main one.

With an example of the installation of geothermal heating in a private house, you can see, looking at the video.

strojdvor.ru.

Underground geothermal home heating

To ensure a private house, heat traditionally used aggregates operating on electricity, solid, gas or liquid fuel. In recent decades, solar collectors and heat of earthly subsoil are used as an alternative source of thermal energy. Heated at home with the help of heat of land is called geothermal heating at home.

Heating from the Earth enjoys a growing demand, since the cost of familiar energy resources is steadily increasing, and the reserves of fossil fuels are reduced. The investment of money in the earthy heating of a country cottage is quite advantageous, taking into account economic prospects and substantial savings on autonomous heat supply in the heating period.

Methods for obtaining natural thermal energy

Geothermal thermal pumps vary by the method of heat extraction:

1. Installations that use heat of groundwater in deep occurrence, hot geysers, etc.
2. Systems that include a tank with antifreeze, installed in the ground at a depth of 75 meters. Heating from the subsoil of the earth is ensured due to the natural heating of the tank with antifreeze; As a result, the refrigerant, passing through the heat exchanger, gives the resulting heat and returns to the container.
3. The geothermal contour is laid along the bottom of the reservoir, which is a natural heat battery. In this case, it is necessary to take into account that the reservoir can fully freeze in the winter.

The heating of the house of the Earth's energy requires large-scale work on the installation of the system, but this is an eco-friendly way to get almost free thermal energy. To dig a house, you will need minor electricity costs needed to function the system.

Principles of functioning of geothermal heating

Heating due to the energy of the Earth is successfully used in various climatic zones: systems are able to work in the southern and in the northern regions.

Geothermal installation in the process of its functioning uses such a physical property of some fluids, as the ability to evaporate, which leads to the cooling of the surface. This phenomenon underlies the operation of refrigeration equipment.

The principle of operation of geothermal heating is the cooling process running in the opposite direction. That is how air conditioners are working capable not only to cool, but also to warm the air indoors.

However, air conditioning installations have limited performance - they cannot function at temperatures below -5 ° C. And the geothermal system is able to ensure the heating of the house regardless of the air temperature on the surface. This is due to the fact that in the environment where it takes thermal energy is naturally supported by stable temperature conditions.

Device of the geothermal heating system

Geothermia (science on the thermal state of the Earth) made it possible to practically use heat energy that the earth's bark receives from a red-hot magma in the center of the planet.

A specially developed heat pump for heating at home is installed on the surface, and the heat exchanger is mounted in the ground or at the bottom of the reservoir. The thermal energy "rolls out" to the surface and allows heating the coolant in the contour of the home heating or non-residential object.

Geothermal heating of a private house is an economically effective option. If you use the energy of the Earth for home heating, then each kilowatt of electricity required for the operation of equipment is from 4 to 6 kW of the useful thermal energy obtained from the bowels of the planet.

In comparison with the functioning of the air conditioner, we will see that during its operation, more than 1 kW of electricity is required to receive 1 kW of thermal energy. This is due to the inevitable losses for the transformation of one energy to another, etc.

Dumping a residential building due to the thermal energy of the earth's depths is very profitable, but the recovery period of equipment and installation costs will take a certain time.

The use of heat heat for home heating does not require the installation of a traditional boiler for heating the coolant.

In this case, the system consists of three components:

• heating circuit - geothermal source of thermal energy;
• the heating circuit inside the house is low-temperature radiator or outdoor;
• the pumping station is a heat pump for pumping into the heating circuit of thermal energy from the heating circuit in the thickness of the soil or under water.

The geothermal heating system can also be used to heat the greenhouses, auxiliary buildings, water in the pool, garden tracks, etc.

Equipment for the arrangement of geothermal heating

Geothermal equipment for the deep heating system allows accumulating thermal energy extracted from the environment and transmit it to the heat carrier in the heating circuit.

The list of equipment for heating using the heat of the Earth includes:

• Evaporator. The device is placed at a depth, and it serves to absorb the heat in geothermal waters or soil of thermal energy.
• Capacitor. Allows you to bring the antifreeze temperature to the value required for the functioning.
• Heat pump. Provides circulation of antifreeze in the heating circuit, controls the operation of the geothermal installation.
• Buffer tank is a container for collecting heated antifreeze. Allows you to transfer the thermal energy of the earth's depths to the coolant. The tank through which the coolant passes is equipped with a heat exchanger in the form of a coil. By him, giving heat, the heated antifreeze is moving.

Installation of the system

Geothermal heating of a country house at the stage of arrangement requires solid cash investments. The high summary value of the system is largely due to a large volume of land, related to the installation of the heating contour.

Over time, financial costs pay off because heat energy used in the heating season is extracted from earthly depths with minimal electricity costs.

To ensure home heating, the heat of the Earth requires installation of the system:

• the main part should be placed under the ground or at the bottom of the reservoir;
• in the house itself, only enough compact equipment is installed and the contour of radiator or floor heating is laid. The equipment located inside the house allows you to adjust the heating level of the coolant.

When designing heating due to the heat of the Earth, it is necessary to determine the installation option of the working circuit and the collector type.

Distinguish two types of collectors:

1. Vertical - immersed in a soil for several tens of meters. For this, at a short distance from the house you need to drill some wells. In the well, the contour is immersed (the most reliable option - stitched polyethylene tubes).

Disadvantages: Large financial costs for drilling in the soil of several wells depth from 50 meters.

Advantages: underground pipe arrangement at a depth, where the temperature of the soil is distinguished by stability, ensures high efficiency of the system. In addition, the vertical collector occupies a small area of \u200b\u200bthe land.

2. Horizontal. The use of such a collector is allowed in the regions with a warm and moderate climate, since the depth of the primer of the soil should not exceed 1.5 meters.

Disadvantages: the need to use a large area of \u200b\u200bthe plot (the main drawback). This plot of land after laying the contour is impossible to use under the garden or garden, as the system works with the release of cold during refrigerant transportation, which is why the roots of the plants will be blocked.

Advantages: Cheaper land work that can even be done on their own.

Geothermal energy can be obtained if you put a horizontal geothermal circuit at the bottom of the unsolved reservoir. However, it is difficult to implement in practice: the water can be located outside the private area and then the installation of the heat exchanger will need to be coordinated. The distance from the heated object to the reservoir should be no more than 100 meters.

Important! The temperature of the surrounding reservoir should not be descended below + 5 ° C. The upper part of the collector in contact with the frozen soil should be protected with thermal insulation to avoid thermal energy loss.

Advantages and disadvantages

Heating of Energy Earth has a number of advantages:

• Efficiency. Compared with electricity costs for the heat pump operation, the system allows you to get several times more thermal energy.
• Ecology. This type of heating is environmentally friendly harmless, there are no emissions into the atmosphere.
• Safety. No need to use any fuel, chemical tools, etc., there is no threat of explosion or equipment ignition.
• The minimum need for technical support. The correctly mounted system is able to work without any intervention for at least 30 years.
• Efficiency. During operation, there are no costs for repairs, which allows you to recoup the installation of heating for 5-8 years.
• No need to control the operation of the system.
• Low noise during the operation of the equipment.
• The inexhaustibility of the source of thermal energy is not required to purchase and store the energy carrier.

The disadvantages include:

• initially high equipment costs;
• the need to conduct complex drilling work on the plot for mounting the vertical circuit or spoil the landscape with the preparation of trenches for the horizontal heat exchanger.

In a moderate climate, geothermal installations have proven its effectiveness. In the Nordic Regions, this type of heating is suitable for small area houses (up to 200 m2).

Having understood how the system works and from which parts it is worth, you can determine the possibility of installing it on your own site. Mostly heating from the ground is equipped at the stage of building a house - in this case, it is easier to carry out earthworks, since the layout of the site and the creation of landscape design is still ahead.

Video on the topic:

profitePlo.com.

How to make heating from the ground in a private house

Most of us understand that the use of coal, gas and wood as fuel does not work out without a trace for ecology. However, the introduction of alternative energy sources is inhibited by their high cost and efficiency, which are still inferior to traditional. But recently, manufacturers have become increasingly and more often to pay attention to such products, so we hope that soon they will be easier in the installation and not so expensive.

Today we consider geothermal heating, which can be installed for a private house with your own hands. You will learn about the principle of its work, species, features and independent installation.

How is heating with warmth of the country house

It is worth saying that in European countries and the US, heating from the Earth gradually becomes the main source of home heating, but we still have such systems only an alternative to more traditional.

Appearance and distribution

Earth energy for heating began to spread to the United States closer to the end of the 80s of the last century in cities, heavily worried about the crisis. The system was immediately interested in the wealthy people who were given the opportunity to save on the heating of housing. Then she began to be cheaper, and it began to apply a poorer population class.

After some time, the heat of the earth for heating turned into the prerogative of most of the owners of private houses. In Europe, every year the number of households using the heat heating is warm by the Earth, only increases.

This tendency to spread geothermal heating is quite understandable. The use of heat heat for heating can significantly save the family budget, it is safe and economical.

Functioning of geothermal heating

Its principle of operation can be compared with the usual refrigerator, only on the contrary. The Earth holds the heat constantly, so it can be heated by objects located on its surface.

The meaning of the method is that from the inside the planet heats up with hot magma, and the ground does not give it to it. The resulting heat energy is used by a geothermal heating system based on a special thermal pump.

Get heating from the heat of the earth can be possible due to the heat pump

The following process occurs:

1. The heat pump is installed on the surface.
2. In the ground, a hole is closed, in which the heat exchanger is lowered.
3. The groundwater passing through the pump is heated and is then used in domestic and industrial purposes.

Using the heat pump, it is possible to convert 1 kW of electricity in 4-6 kW of heat

The main advantage of the system is the ratio of electrical energy and the resulting power - 1 to 4-6 kW. For example, when using a conventional air conditioner, 1 to 1. Therefore, the installation will be able to recoup in a short time.

Features

Independent home heating from the ground has certain difficulties that we will tell below:

1. They begin with the manufacture of a mine barrel. Its calculation is carried out separately for each specific case, take into account:

• climate in this area;
• soil type;
• characteristics of the structure of the earth's crust in the region;
• heating area.

In the photo - the basis of the geothermal heating of the house is the deep well and thermal pump

Typically, the depth varies in the range of 25-100 m.

1. At the next stage, the pipes are lowered into the trunk, which should absorb heat from the bowels and serve it into the pump that increases the temperature of the coolant in the heating system.

Tip: Work is better to spend with an assistant, as the pipes are often quite large mass.

In summer, heating the energy of the Earth can be launched as an air conditioner. What is activated by the reverse mechanism. During operation, the heat exchanger will start taking coolant.

Views

For environmentally friendly and efficient operation of the system, there are three main options:

Types of geothermal heating

Now we will find out what advantages have such systems, and whether they can satisfy our requests:

1. The thermal energy is released several times more than the flow of electricity to the pump operation.
2. There are no harmful emissions, so the heating of a country house from the Earth is an environmentally friendly way.
3. For the functioning of the system, only electricity is necessary. No use of chemical and fuel is required.
4. During work there is no danger of explosion or fire.
5. The correct installation of the heating system guarantees operation without technical support for about 30 years.

How to independently use the heat of the earth for heating at home

Independent installation of geothermal heating

It must be said right away that the heating of the house of the Earth's energy will require a simultaneous large investment of funds. The lion's share of which will go to the arrangement of the shaft trunk.

Tip: The most expensive part in the thermal pump is a compressor. If you do not want problems, do not take it from the Chinese plant. It is better to use Danfoss or Copeland (preferably not from China).

We also recommend using a warm floor system instead of heating radiators. So you can reduce the return on the equipment at times. The annual increase in tariffs for traditional energy, at the same time, the geothermal system of home heating at the same time will avoid price jumps.

Inside the house nothing will remind about the fact that you use earth heating. The main part of the circuit is a well and heat exchanger, will be hidden under the ground. It is only necessary to highlight a small place for the device, for example, in the basement generating heat.

The design of the heat pump

The device allows you to adjust the temperature and flow of heat. The installation instructions for the installation of the heating system in the house does not differ from the traditional way, so there are no features in it.

Output

The use of thermal pumps allows you to get rid of traditional fuels of traditional fuels every year, although the initial costs will be quite large. Installation of geothermal heating can be performed independently, only when installing pipes in the mine, it is advisable to prevent the helper.

The recoupment of the project depends on the insulation of housing, as well as the heating method - radiator or warm floors. Video in the article will provide an opportunity to find additional information on the above topic.

Page 2

One of the main trends of the modern world is that the price of traditional types of energy resources used for home heating is constantly increasing. Therefore, an increasing number of people think about the full or partial translation of their dwellings on alternative types of heating that do not use fuel in the traditional understanding of this word.

Particular attention is paid to inexhaustible natural resources to which, for example, the sunlight belongs.

Alternative energy sources - the future of heating systems

Methods for obtaining free thermal energy

Socrastly sounds strange, there is not even one, but several different ways of heating their own home without the use of gas or solid fuel.

These include:

1. Energy Earth. Soil is lower than the level of freezing, even in winter has a constant temperature, correctly using the room at home.
2. Water energy. The principle of use is the same as the earth. If there is an outdoor reservoir near the house, which does not freeze to the bottom in winter, this energy can also be converted to heat that goes to heating.
3. Air energy. The air on the street serves as a heat source. Cooling it with the help of special equipment, the resulting energy can be sent to an increase in temperature in the house.

Thermal energy of the Earth can be used for home heating

All the above-mentioned technologies are known to engineers have already been sufficiently long ago, but they have a significant drawback: special devices that work from electricity should be used to extract thermal energy. Therefore, getting completely free heat here will not work.

The only option remains the sun. Although the equipment needed for the transformation of solar energy into thermal is quite expensive, the instruction on its installation is simple. You can construct heating collectors and do it yourself, providing themselves with free warmth in the future.

Note! Effectively work this installation will be only in the southern regions, where the sun is well heated by the Earth.

For the rest of the regions of our country, it can be advised to use such a design as a supplement to traditional heating methods.

Solar energy is the most promising heat source for home heating

Use Heliosystems for heating

General requirements

Before making a decision on the installation of the solar heating system, consider the following circumstances:

1. It is advisable to install the solar heating system only as part of the main one. On certain days and months, it increases the power of the traditional climate network, reducing the cost of fuel. Modern equipment does not yet allow the use of solar collectors as the main source of heat.
2. Solar heating system does not reduce the efficiency of the main heating system, as it functions separately.
3. There is equipment capable of accumulating the energy of the Sun, accumulating it in special devices. However, these technologies are at the development stage and are not widely applied. Therefore, the house must be equipped with a traditional boiler.
4. In summer, the heating system can be used as a source of hot water for household needs. The heating circuit is turned off.

Heliosystem is not able to cover the entire need of the house in thermal energy

Square of solar collectors

To determine the fields of fields that collect solar energy and transform it into thermal, it is necessary to take the need for the warmth of all summer consumers.

These include:

• hot water supply system;
• the system for preventing moisture condensation in the basement;
• other engineering networks that are not associated with heating.

Then, the obtained value must be increased by 2-2.5 times, thereby having the desired power of the helose system. Accurate calculations are advisable to charge specialists, as the parameter affects many other factors.

Tip! For an approximate (very coarse) determination of the area of \u200b\u200bsolar collectors, you can take the following ratio: for heating 1 km. Mimmeter at home it is necessary to heliepole with an area of \u200b\u200b0.1 to 0.2 square meters. meter.

Solar panel angle

When installing the heliosystem, it is very important to comply with the recommended angle of tilt collectors in relation to the horizon. If you have the opportunity to choose this value, which happens always, then the solar panels must be placed at an angle of 60 degrees to the horizon directed in the south side.

Note! This parameter is somewhat different from the one that is used in hot water supply systems.

Thus, a great efficiency of the panels are achieved in winter, and excess heat energy generated in summer decreases.

In the case when the panels catching solar heat are assumed to be mounted on the roof, the angle of which does not exceed 30 degrees, it is advisable to give preference not flat, and tubular structures (with vacuum tubes). Their brackets provide for the possibility of individual orientation and change the angle of inclination above the horizon, which significantly increases efficiency.

In the photo - solar collectors consisting of vacuum tubes

Water storage capacity

To cover the need of the inhabitants of the house in hot water, it is necessary to include a cumulative capacity in the solar climatic system. It allows you to provide residents with water on cloudy days.

The tank of the tank is calculated as follows:

• 50 liters per square meter of flat solar collectors;
• 90 liters per square meter of tubular drives.

Scheme of the solar heating system

Varieties of solar heating systems

When constructing a climate helix, you can choose between two main options:

1. Battery solar energy in special devices for subsequent use. In this case, a part of the system is a storage tank in which water is heated. To ensure the operation of the system on cloudy days, an additional boiler is needed on traditional energy sources. It will warm the water in the tank with insufficiently efficient operation of the solar climatic system.

   From the pipeline capacity, the heated coolant enters the heating radiators, which also work, as in the classical heating system.

2. Directly use the resulting heat into the heating system at home. Here the sun warms the water coming from the batteries (reverse). Thus, a cooler with a higher temperature comes into the boiler, which significantly reduces heating costs - the heater will work with a much smaller load.

Combined heating system with boiler and solar panels

Some features of operation

Note the most important points relating to the use of heliosystems:

• it can cover no more than a third of the needs of the house in heating;
• it makes part of the traditional system with a liquid coolant, where radiators are used as heating equipment;
• as the main source of energy, it is advisable to use a condensation gas boiler with the highest efficiency;
• the angle of tilt collectors must be made equal to 60 degrees, otherwise the efficiency of the helium system is significantly reduced in winter.

The heat of the sun can be used in different ways.

Output

Although currently existing heliosystems and cannot replace traditional heating, they significantly reduce the load on the boiler, saving the fuel used. And the sun is not the only assistant in this. You can learn from the video in this material in more detail about the combined heating schemes.

gidroguru.com.

• What pipes are better to use for heating an apartment