What is the chemical composition of the penetrating action of waterproofing. Types of penetrating waterproofing. Waterproofing of penetrating action for concrete: General performance and specifications

Recently, there are often cases when the materials of the penetrating action are used as the main waterproofing element as WRONG.

Penetrating compositions can be used as one of the elements in the chain of systemic waterproofing materials, but not only as the main one. These materials are convenient for use, effective when a new construction flow (basement, underground garage, etc.), but consider them as a universal means for all cases - WRONGMoreover, they also have restrictions (large pores, old leached concrete, etc.).

When repairing an old basis, when the external pores are grilled or clogged, it is necessary to carefully clean the surface from plaster and degrease, opening access to the capillary system. Moreover, it will not be possible to do this with a simple iron brush - it is necessary to clean carefully, preferably sand or water under high pressure. There are other substantial moments that limit the use of penetrating waterproofing.

The problem of waterproofing foundations actively in contact with water, as well as in cases with limited access to the outside of the foundation, is that the use of traditional waterproofing materials does not always lead to efficient protection against water and moisture. To further enhance the waterproofing properties of the concrete structure (foundation), the waterproofing is recommended to be performed from the materials of the penetrating action on the inside of the protected structures (basements).

Penetrating waterproofing - cement-sand mixture using chemical additives.

The fundamental difference between the penetrating compositions from all other materials is the formation of the waterproofing layer is not on the surface of the foundation, but in its significant stratum (the depth of penetration of active chemical components can reach 10-12 cm).

Application

waterproofing of surfaces of concrete and reinforced concrete structures;
waterproofing of foundations and basements actively in contact with water;
in a complex with surface waterproofing of the foundation at a high level of groundwater.

Benefits

increase waterproof of concrete structures (and ONLY! concrete);
the formation of the waterproofing layer in the mass of concrete;
the possibility of treating the outer and internal surfaces of the structure, regardless of the direction of water pressure;
it is applied to the wet surface, there is no need to dry concrete.

The main advantage of penetrating materials is the ability to protect the design from the penetration of moisture from the outside. Therefore, this type of waterproofing was widely used in the reconstruction of basement and semi-open spaces, when the outer waterproofing is no longer possible.

LIMITATIONS

it is used for a waterproofing device on crack-resistant concrete structures;
anti-Capillary protection of brick walls does not provide (due to the absence in the brick necessary for the substance reaction);
it is not used for waterproofing of walls made of porous materials (foam concrete, aerated concrete, etc.) due to the large amount of pores;
it is not recommended to apply the national teams on the foundation blocks (the problem destination is the joints between them).

The combination of penetrating waterproofing on stable bases and elastic waterproofing on the bases of prone deformation can solve many waterproofing problems during the repair and reconstruction of underground structures.

Mechanism of penetrating waterproofing

The waterproofing mixture is mixed with water and applied to the wet surface of concrete. The effect of waterproofing is achieved by filling the capillary-porous structure of concrete insoluble crystals.

Active chemical additives included in the material penetrating the inside of concrete, enter the chemical reaction with the components of the concrete mix, forming insoluble compounds (crystals) that create a solid barrier preventing water intake.

The process of sealing concrete develops into depth when contacting water molecules and stops when it is not. With a new contact with water, the reaction is resumed.

The penetration depth into the body of the active chemical components can reach tens of centimeters. Micropores, capillaries and microcracks with a width (diameter) to 0.3-0.4 mm, filled with products of chemical reactions, increase the concrete waterproof rate by 2-3 steps.

As a result, the penetrating waterproofing becomes an integral part of the concrete, while forming a compacted waterproof concrete.

Waterproofing is one of the best ways to protect the foundations from the harmful effects of groundwater. Moisture is capable of destroying not only a classic brick or butt masonry, due to its chemical properties, water also destroys durable concrete over time, destroys the rebar of the base. Selectable waterproofing is necessary, taking into account the characteristics of the climate of the region and the type of foundation.

The main types of waterproofing foundation

Protect the foundation from moisture exposure to three main types of coatings:

Caution. These are special waterproof coatings that create a layer of waterproofing with a thickness of no more than 3 mm. They are made from bitumen (solid or pitted product) with additives of polymer resins and essential oils, rigid and elastic polymer composites. The main purpose is to prevent the capillary penetration of moisture inside the structure of concrete, applied with a spatula or roller. In some cases, when the coating waterproofing is supplied in the form of a suspension, it is applied by spraying.
Powered waterproofing foundation is a layer. Such a group of goods includes rubberoid, various kinds of penetrating membranes and bitumen polymers. The peculiarity is that all of them are produced on the basis of bitumen, therefore, for better pasta, materials need to be heated. For the price of the foundation, the foundation is cheap, its disadvantage is a possible disruption of tightness and moisture penetration through joints.
Penetrating waterproofing, its second name plaster. These are materials that produce on the basis of cement with the addition of various composite compositions and are applied to the surface as a solution. In most cases, these are powders. Sold in bags, before use they need to be breeding in water and apply a spatula as ordinary gypsum. The average coating thickness is 5-15 mm, it perfectly copes with capillary moisture, but not very resistant to mechanical damage, and cracks appear on the coating.

The choice of this type of waterproofing is quite large, almost all of them are made on a mineral basis, so environmentally friendly.

Penetrating waterproofing - the principle of operation

Concrete is a porous material inside which there are specific micro-channels for which moisture can penetrate inside. Close Such Micro Channels can only be external quality processing. Moisture, falling into the middle of the concrete foundation, after freezing it is expanding to significant volumes and destroys the concrete from the inside. It gradually destroys the inner structure of concrete and slowly gets to the reinforcement frame. If the corrosion of the metal starts, it is almost impossible to stop it, and in a few years the destruction of the foundation will begin.

The weld waterproofing is not suitable for all types of foundations. It is often used as an external protective layer for other isolations.

Modern types of inland or coating materials are unstable to mechanical effects and cover only the outer surface of the foundation, almost not penetrating inside the pores.

Penetrating waterproofing, in turn, due to the formed crystals of mineral salts insoluble in water, falls inside and clogs them, protecting the integrity of concrete. Crystals are capable of filling even the minimum porous channels and water supply no longer occurs through an increased surface tension of the aqueous surface. That is why the selection of penetrating waterproofing is justified.

Penetrating waterproofing is mineral mixtures based on cement with additives of synthetic polymer materials and resins. They are applied to a cold wet surface, the crystals will grow almost continuously, therefore even after mechanical damage to the coating, the waterproofing will quickly recover. This type of protective coating perfectly copes with seasonal temperature differences. Note that it is an environmentally friendly material that can be used both from outside and indoors. Some suspensions can be applied by spraying, but they are expensive and used more when processing large concrete surfaces.

Types and purpose of the protective base layer

In its composition and appointment, the penetrating waterproofing of the foundation is divided into types of:

An aqueous solution that is applied with a brush or spacing. Used mainly on new surfaces that do not have visible damage and large cracks.
Dry mix, it must be pre-diluted with water to the consistency of the paste. It is applied with a spatula, used for repair and restorative waterproofing works, can also be used as a primary layer before installing the runneroid.
Waterproofing of seams. This cement mixture is used exclusively for tightening seams and cracks.

Liquid mixtures are considered the best in the market of waterproofing materials, they perfectly cover the porous surface of the concrete base and penetrate to a depth to half a meter. The liquid penetrating waterproofing of the foundation is resistant to atmospheric and mechanical effects, it does not dissolve in acids, alkalis and it is almost impossible to destroy it. After processing a wet surface, a durable crystallization layer is formed, which has a property to be recovered.

Application is carried out in four stages:

The surface of the foundation must be pre-cleaned from dust, fat and old bitumen. Then to process concrete under pressure water so that it penetrates the pore depth. Speaking parts of the reinforcement from rust and treat anti-corrosion compositions.
The composition is mixed with water until the suspension of medium density is achieved.
Apply the composition of two layers to the surface of the concrete, the interval between application should be at least 6 hours.
Before applying the second layer, the first is recommended to clean the brush to ensure the penetration of the next waterproofing layer.

If the liquid composition needs to restore the waterproofing layer of the destroyed foundation, then the mixture is bred to a thick pasty mass and applied with a spatula. It is possible to apply decorative coatings on top of waterproofing in a month.

Repair of the foundation using penetrating waterproofing

The essence of the method is that some special mixtures have the property to quickly solve under water, forming a solid concrete plug in base deformation places:

The crack or seam must be pre-expanded, deepen and clean from dust and third-party items.
Then make a thick paste, make a cap in the shape of a hole in the concrete from it. All work must be carried out as quickly as possible, as the mixture will dry fast enough.
Install the plug in the wing, head with your hands or handicraft heavy materials for a few minutes. This time will be sufficient to start active crystallization, the mixture can warm up much during this time.

The surface of the pump is equalized by the composition and is treated with liquid penetrating waterproofing.

Advantages and disadvantages

This is the best means to protect the foundation from moisture in porous micro-channels:

You can form a deep waterproofing layer.
This is one of the few waterproofing materials that can be successfully used to treat inland residential premises, as waterproofing does not forms dangerous for the health of volatile substances.
It can be applied to the wet surfaces regardless of the direction of groundwater movement.

The disadvantages include:

Provides protection of porous micro-channels from moisture of only concrete structures, it is not suitable for processing brick and butt foundations.
Penetrating waterproofing can be used only on crack-resistant concrete foundations.
It is impossible to use for waterproofing structures made of porous materials.
It is impossible to apply for precast tape foundations due to the presence of too large seams between blocks.

In addition to dry mixtures, which are then bred by water, it is desirable to use even inland waterproofing. Then both layers of material will ensure maximum reliability and protection against moisture. Some types of waterproofing are also added to the concrete before it is prepared and filling. Then it turns out the material, resistant to moisture, mechanically durable and inert with respect to polluted water. When applied penetrating waterproofing, it is necessary to remember the safety regulations, work in rubber gloves and glasses.

Penetrating waterproofing is known for a long time. In the time of the USSR, special compositions based on sodium methylisiconate were used, which were impregnated with the surfaces of concrete, stone and brick masonry. As a result of the chemical reaction of the substance with carbon dioxide, an insoluble polymer gel was formed, which from the inside was filled with the pores of the material. Waterproof, strength and frost resistance of concrete or brick masonry increased several times, and, accordingly, the service life of the material also increased. After all, it is the impact of moisture and adverse weather conditions - the cause of the rapid destruction of any building from concrete or bricks. Previously, such waterproofing was practically not used in everyday life, for example, to protect the floor in the bathroom from possible leaks, as they do now.

Recently, the waterproofing of the penetrating action to protect the foundations, pools, bathrooms, basements and other structures, which can be constantly exposed to the harmful effects of moisture, is gaining increasingly popular in the professional environment. And for this there are very good reasons. Let's consider all the advantages of such waterproofing.

What are the advantages of penetrating waterproofing in front of rolled and mastic materials?

The foundation is an essential element, the basis of any structure. And if it is unreliable protected from the effects of adverse factors, the service life of the building will significantly decrease. The effect of groundwater into unprotected foundation from concrete can lead to the fact that this period will be reduced to several years. After that, the house will begin to gradually collapse: humidity reigns in the premises, cracks will appear on the walls, mold will be headed in dark corners. Neighborhood with mocicians and colonies of mold fungi can hardly be called pleasant, but these are still "flowers". The impact of groundwater on the foundation can lead to the collapse of the building - this is already truly serious.

To avoid a sad scenario, at the end stage, it is necessary to take care of its reliable waterproofing. The use of special rolled coatings and bitumen mastic does not fully solve the problem.

Disadvantages of mastic and rolled materials in comparison with penetrating waterproofing:

Rolled and mastic materials protect the design only from the application side;
Any marriage or damage to the protective layer can lead to moisture penetration inside the surface of the concrete;
The presence of seams in rolled insulation is its most vulnerable place, because the material has to be laid in two layers in order to overlap the surfaces of the seams, and this significantly increases the cost and cost of work;
If the level of groundwater occurrence is quite high, the service life of rolled insulation can be reduced to three to five years;
The main disadvantage of appropriate waterproofing is also in its dispractability;
If the work is carried out already after the construction of the house, the insulation of the coating and rolled type requires a mandatory elimination of the outer wall.

Penetrating waterproofing of the foundation easily solves all these questions. Why? Its action is based on a completely unique principle. The composition of dry building mixtures for waterproofing may vary, but usually it is a cement mixture with the addition of quartz sand and chemicals with the ability to deeply penetrate the cellular structure of concrete. Where, during the chemical reaction, crystals are formed, tightly filling the pores of the material from the inside. These crystals become part of the structure of concrete, seal it and prevent the penetration of water.

The main advantages of penetrating waterproofing:

At the construction stage, the penetrating waterproofing of the foundation is provided by adding a dry mixture of the "Penetron Admix" type (or other brands) into the composition of the mixed concrete. This changes the structure of concrete, turning it into a qualitatively different material. The foundation will be protected from exposure to groundwater throughout the thickness of the structure, and regardless of the depths of their occurring;
Such waterproofing acts as much as "lives" concrete, because the material itself becomes waterproof;
The crystals formed inside the cells have the ability of "self-healing": if during operation in the materials, water penetrates, the formation of crystals is resumed, and the concrete "heels" itself;
Terms of construction or repair work are reduced, because When using penetrating waterproofing, there is no need to carefully dry concrete. The mixture must be applied to the wet surface, and the higher its humidity, the faster chemical reactions with the participation of active ingredients occur;
Concrete retains all technical specifications: setting speed, air permeability, mobility, frost resistance, and so on. He "breathes" remains vapor permeable. Materials treated with waterproofing mixtures of penetrating type substantially change only its waterproof characteristics;
If waterproofing work is carried out after the construction stage is completed, then the insulation of this type will allow all the necessary manipulations, not to feed the foundation of the house. Design processing can be carried out on any side, including from the inside;
Penetrating waterproofing is effective in any direction of water movement and its pressure level;

Penetrating waterproofing of the entire surface of the masonry, all seams and joints prevents the penetration into the thickness of the acidic and alkaline aggressive media, microorganisms and fungi; Protects materials from the effects of saline water, ground and wastewater with different content of harmful components.

Disadvantages of penetrating waterproofing

Alas, have not yet come up with the ideal protection of concrete structures from exposure to water that destroys material from the inside. Despite all its wonderful characteristics, penetrating waterproofing has disadvantages. We will tell about them in more detail:

It is impossible to use the materials of the penetrating effect as the only shield from the exposure of moisture. Protection must be comprehensive. Needed additional processing of seams and joints with special mixtures to prevent moisture seeping through these vulnerable places;
The cost of penetrating waterproofing is relatively notesayev, the current price is now varied within 2-5 dollars per square meter depending on the brand of the mixture;
Waterproofing both from the inside and outside the building requires difficult preparatory work, for example, concrete walls must be absolutely clean, well-humid, smooth, treated with acidic solutions. Waterproofing painted or processed with the use of plaster walls requires careful removal of old paint, fragments of plaster. As well as degreasing, cleaning with sand or water pressure under high pressure, processing iron brushes. There should be full access to the capillary system of concrete, otherwise the waterproofing will be ineffective;
Walls should be free from cracks and damage, because such waterproofing is not used on old leached structures; Small slots and cracks are thoroughly sealed with cement mortar;
The surface of the concrete is thoroughly cleaned from mold, oil spots, soil and even dust;
Penetrating waterproofing is ineffective for walls from aerated concrete and foam concrete, because The size of the cells in the structure of the materials is too large, and the crystals will not be able to close them tightly from the inside;
Penetrating mixtures are ineffective on the surface of the brick masonry, because the element necessary for the chemical reaction is missing. Waterproofing mixtures can be processed only by the surfaces of the seams, because In the masonry solution there are cement hydration products. The problem of waterproofing masonry is usually solved with the help of external protection, where roll and coating materials are used;
The solution for treating the floor wall should be used for half an hour, therefore it is prepared by small portions - it is impossible to add water to the finished mixture;
The treated walls and the floor surface should be well protected from drying and exposure to low temperatures. In the premises, it must be warm, and the walls and surface of the floor are either covered with film, or carefully moistened over the next two weeks.

Important! Penetrating waterproofing of brickwork is carried out only by qualified workers, using special equipment.

As they say, there is no perfection in the world. Still, it is the penetrating waterproofing that is the most reliable and effective means of protecting any concrete structures of industrial and domestic purposes: swimming pools, bathroom, foundations, basements, hydraulic structures, mines, reservoirs, berths, etc. And remains as it for many years.

Application area

Apply mixtures of penetrating actions wherever the protection of concrete structures is required from moisture exposure: waste and groundwater, sea water, etc. This defense showed itself in different fields of construction. Chemicals included in dry mixes are safe for human health, so they are widely used for waterproofing wells, tanks with drinking water, pools, bathroom facilities.

Mixtures are effective when applied even from the inside of buildings. For example, the penetrating waterproofing of the basement to protect against groundwater, and even without additional application on the walls of the foundation. This reduces the cost and duration of repair work, because the foundation does not need to be abandoned, carefully dry, as they do in the case of using rolled and mastic waterproofing systems.

The non-toxicity of mixtures allows them to be used in residential areas: in the bathroom to protect the walls and gender from the harmful effects of moisture, in the residential premises of the basement, and so on.

Important! Any finishing work should be postponed for the time while the crystallization process occurs. To apply any kind of plaster, including plaster, or other decorative finishing materials on the surface treated with waterproofing compositions, it is possible not before 30 days.

If you do not withstand the right time before the start of finishing works, the finish will be hopelessly corrupted.

Popular building mixtures for penetrating waterproofing

Penetron

Penetron penetrating waterproofing penetron-and coated construction mixture, which has been used for more than 50 years in construction worldwide. This cement mixture, which includes quartz sand and active chemical components. Its market price is slightly higher than the average for competitors: the cost of 1 kg of dry mixture today is 4-5dollar. And the consumption of a dry mixture for processing concrete walls, gender, the foundation of the buildings is approximately 1 kg per square meter. In general, Penetron - the pleasure is not cheap, although the reviews say that it costs this money. Of course, in the event that a high-quality patented mixture is really purchased, and not a cheap fake, which are often found in the Russian market.

Building mixes brand are widely used in industrial and domestic purposes. In everyday life, excellent results gives protection of pools, basements, foundations and a bathroom.

You can learn more about Penetron, looking at the video. The video clip describes the principle of operation of penetrating waterproofing in a video clip. Also from the video, you can learn about the rules for applying a waterproofing mixture, about the preparatory process before the start of work, and on all subsequent stages.

Important! It is better to acquire the construction mixtures of the Penetron family from reliable vendors, because it is this brand most often becomes the object of falsifications.

Crystallisol

The principle of operation of all waterproofing mixtures is the same: active substances penetrate the internal structure of concrete, where a chemical reaction with calcium salts in it occurs. Next occurs the growth of crystals, which tightly close the pores of the material, ensuring its waterproof. The crystallisol acts on the same principle, and its composition it is precisely also the river or quartz sand, a special cement and patented chemicals that the manufacturer prefers to keep in the secret. The crystallisol mixture is also applied to the moistened concrete surface.

Of course, all mixtures for penetrating insulation certainly compare with Penetron, which can be understood - for quite a long time he simply did not have decent analogues. However, the reviews of the professionals say that the crystallisol, which, by the way, is produced in Russia, is practically not inferior to the famous brand. And something even exceeds. Let's say, Penetron has no analogues of the plaster waterproofing mixture, which is used to repair and restore the destroyed concrete structures, and which can boast Russian crystallisol. Well, by itself, the gentle price. Mixtures of the crystallisole group are produced in Russia, because their market value is lower than that of Penetron. The cost of 1 kg of a dry mixture of crystallisol today is approximately1dollar.

Mixtures of crystallisol are used to protect any concrete facilities undergoing constant or temporary harmful effects of moisture. Good results gives protection of pools, bathroom, any aquatic tanks, foundations, walls and gender in basements located below groundwater level.

More about the waterproofing materials "Crystallisol" can be found from the video. In a fairly long video, it is detailed and accessible about the advantages of penetrating waterproofing of this brand.

Lahta

Another popular and high-quality Russian brand - "Lachta". They have a fairly wide line of dry building compositions that perform a variety of tasks. The principle of operation in the penetrating waterproofing composition of Lakhta is the same as in a crystallisol or penetron: active substances fall inside the concrete structure, a chemical reaction occurs, and the material pores are tightly closed crystals. The liquid mixture is also applied to a pre-moistened and carefully prepared surface.

The price that Lacht offers is slightly lower than that of a foreign counterpart, but higher than that of the Russian crystallisol. On average, today the cost of the waterproofing mixture of Laht is approximately 2-3dolls per 1 kg. Reviews of ordinary consumers and professionals in the field of construction suggest that in their properties of Laht is practically no inferior to their famous competitor.

Waterproofing mixtures of Lacht are used to protect residential buildings and industrial facilities. Good results gives the use of dry mixes for waterproofing pools, wells, floor and walls of the bathroom, balconies, basements and foundations.

Find out how to properly prepare a waterproofing solution using a mixture of Lacht, you can from this video. In the video will also be told how to properly prepare the surface of concrete, in which proportions should be combined with a dry building mixture and water, which consistency should be a liquid mixture, and other important nuances.

Element

Another popular brand is an element. Dry building mixes element in the Russian city of Stavropol. In the product line, the element includes: a hydrophobizer, elastic waterproofing, penetrating waterproofing and liquid rubber to protect the roof from water. The element is distinguished by a pretty democratic price: on average, the cost of 1 kg of a dry building mixture element on the Russian market is 1,5dollam.

Penetrating waterproofing of this brand can be used in domestic and industrial purposes to protect concrete structures outside and from the inside. It is used for waterproofing balconies, basements, pools, floors and walls in the bathroom. As well as to protect tunnels, mines, reservoirs, hydraulic structures. And everywhere, where concrete structures need to be preserved with constant harmful effects of soil and wastewater, seawater, atmospheric precipitation.

Or coating insulating materials are equipped with an impenetrable "shell".

And if we talk about strength and resistance to mechanical damage, then carrying structural materials for several orders of magnitude stronger "soft" bitumen, latex or polymer shells.

Principle of operation: Features of the compositions

The method of acquiring waterproof after treatment with waterproofing of the penetrating action is clear from the very name. A mixture is applied to the protected surface in the form of a paste, gel or a solution that literally begins to "germinate" into the material.

Penetration in Latin sounds like "penetratio" (penetration). And penetration as the term is used in medicine, cosmetology, economics. And on the Russian construction market, a trademark of waterproofing materials Penetron "is well known.

How does Penetron operate

Penetron penetrating waterproofing is designed to protect structures from monolithic and precast concrete.

Concrete, despite its visible monolithium and density, has a porous structure consisting of the smallest capillaries. With the naked eye, they are not visible on the surface, but due to them, the moisture is absorbed, which even in the liquid phase leads to the gradual destruction of structural connections.

Even worse when excessive moisture freezes - the formation of microcracks occurs, which in the process of repeated freezing / thawing "reveal" and destroy the monolith of concrete stone. But it is these capillaries that can be forced to "work" with the benefit for concrete.

The principle of "Penetron" is laid at the level of its composition, which includes three main components:

special cement;
filler (small quartz sand);
active chemical additives.

In the initial state, Penetron is a dry building mixture, which is very close to the concrete itself.

After dissolving water and applying to a wet surface, the active additives begin in the presence of water to interact with the cement of waterproofing mixture and concrete. Due to this reaction, an osmotic pressure occurs, which "promotes" the repair makeup for capillaries inside concrete. There, the free ions of chemical additives react with calcium and aluminum ions and form insoluble crystals, which constitute one integer with a concrete stone.

Important! The presence of water is required for the action of Penetron. Therefore, they are treated either "fresh" concrete at the construction stage, or "old", but moistened, during repair.

In the absence of water, the reaction and formation of crystals are terminated. But this process again starts when water gets inside concrete again. This effect is compared with the ability of concrete to "self-esteem" in the occurrence of microcracks.

Note. The effect of self-removal applies only to cracks with a disclosure up to 0.4 mm.

The penetration depth is several centimeters (in some sources up to 90 mm). A solid layer of modified concrete is formed, the water resistance of which increases at least by three steps.

Polymer compositions of penetration

In addition to cement penetrating compositions, which for blockage of pores and capillaries use "related" cement concrete, there is a polymer penetrating waterproofing.

Its action is not based on the use of internal moisture for the formation of crystals in the structure of building materials, and on "extrusion" and the substitution of water. If you make an analogy, the nature of the action is akin to the work of antiseptics for wood. And here and there, due to high yields, the solution fills the pores of the upper layer and forms a barrier for the wetting of building materials.

By chemical composition, it is absolutely neutral to concrete solutions that work comprehensively - create a waterproof polymer film on the surface and penetrate to a depth of 30 mm.

The penetration time for the maximum depth is up to 7 days, by 50% - during the day.

The advantage of this type of penetrating waterproofing is the absence of chemically active elements, which, although they protect concrete from moisture, but contribute to the incontrolled growth of salt crystals. In addition, polymer compositions are distinguished by high environmental safety, and they can be used for waterproofing concrete containers and wells with drinking water.

The disadvantage is a high price compared to cement compositions. For example, the penetrating polymer waterproofing of the Polish production of IPM costs about 12 euros / kg. And the most expensive mixture among cement mixtures "Penetron" costs 300 rubles / kg.

Dry mixes of domestic development and production are still cheaper. Therefore, in the domestic market in its pure form, polymer mixtures of penetrating action are rarely found. But there are combined materials.

Combined waterproofing with the effect of penetration

To be accurate, then combined polymer-cement mixtures on the principle of action closer to coating materials with high adhesion to the base.

As an example, you can cite two-component waterproofing Mapelastic Foundation or Mapelastic Smart Mapie.

Dry part is a mixture of special cement, fine-grained inert filler and special additives. Liquid part is aqueous dispersion of polymer resins (synthetic latex).

After mixing the dry and liquid part (in the weight ratio of 2: 1), the composition is applied to a moistened surface with a brush or roller. The cement part with active additives is responsible for adhesion (penetrating effects into the upper layer of concrete). And latex provides a reliable and elastic protective shell.

The price of waterproofing maps in terms of 1 kg - about 270 rubles.

Domestic trademarks

There is a whole line of cement waterproofing compositions of the penetrating action, the principle of operation and the method of application of which is similar to Penetron:

1. KTTRON. The catalog of this manufacturer has two types of penetrating compositions.

KTTRON-1 - anti-capillary cut-off waterproofing for the new concrete.
KTTRON-11 is a repair maker for concrete structures, for a long time under water or high humidity.

Depending on the packaging cost 245-255 rubles / kg.

2. Penetrating waterproofing of Lacht. According to the description of the manufacturer, it is also used as penetrating waterproofing for bricks and masonry from butte stone.

The increase in the brand of waterproof into two steps, the depth of penetration into concrete is 10-12 mm. Cost - from 206 rubles / kg and higher (depending on the packaging volume).

3. Penetrating waterproofing of the calma. Designed to protect concrete and reinforced concrete facilities having cracks with a disclosure of not more than 0.4 mm.

Increases the brand of waterproof concrete at least 2 steps. Price - 75 rubles / kg.

4. The compositions of the penetrating actions of the hydrotax. A whole group of dry mixtures of penetrating action with a broad specialization.

Hydrothex-B (Water Station) is a standard cement mixture with active additives for existing constructions of a bellped type. It can be applied on either side of the surface, for example, as the penetrating waterproofing of the basement from the inside from groundwater during its constant active infiltration. Price - 72 rubles / kg.
Hydrothex-y (universal) is used in construction during the absence of groundwater impact. Price - 72 / rub. / Kg.
Gotexx-K (painting) - applied during construction, intended for operation when exposed to aggressive media. Price - 154 rubles / kg.
Hydrothes-L (spray elastic) - a dry mixture with a combined composition, which in addition to portland cement, filler and active additives include radispensable (dried) polymer powders. When dissolved in water, the polymer powder forms an artificial latex, which increases the elasticity of the protective shell, and forms in the pores of the upper layer of concrete "Rubber plugs". Price - 320 rubles / kg.

Mode of application

The technological application of penetrating waterproofing is largely similar to the algorithm of work with liquid coating or painting solutions. Depending on the consistency of the composition, it is applied with a spatula, brush, roller or sprayer.

At the first stage, the treated surface must be prepared for operation. If the repair is made (secondary coating), it must be completely cleaned from the dirt and the old waterproofing layer. In the presence of bitumen mastics, it is recommended to clean the base with the help of a sandblasting device so that the pores and capillaries of concrete are fully open to penetrate the penetrating composition.
Before applying Penetron (or any other penetrating waterproofing, which includes portland cement) the surface is well moistened. For maximum penetration, the internal layers of concrete should be wet.
Treatment is carried out twice. The second layer is applied when the first slightly drop, but still remains wet.

Finally. Penetrating waterproofing gives effect only with the correct technology of applying compositions and use in a complex with other water protection measures. This is especially true for the protection of technical and office premises in the underground part of the buildings.

With a high level and the rigor, the lack of drainage and storm sewage increases the load on waterproofing, which leads to a decrease in its service life.