Fire Safety Encyclopedia

Dimensions of installation of the indoor unit of the split system. The indoor unit of the air conditioner: components, varieties. Now you need to pay attention to the theory

The Korean company Samsung produces air conditioners of various types. A significant part of the production is occupied by split systems; there are also monoblock window models and multi-split systems on the market under this brand.

All modern air conditioning systems of this brand are different:

  • multifunctionality;
  • energy efficiency;
  • low noise level;
  • stylish design;
  • efficient air filtration system.

The multi-stage cleaning system not only cleans the air stream from contaminants, but also disinfects it, killing bacteria and microorganisms.

Compact windows

The smallest ducts have a block height of 199 mm. These are the tact called low-profile channel-type units, which are manufactured to work in powerful multi-zone systems.

A conventional duct air conditioner designed to operate in a 40 sq. m, as the ADH1800E model, has the corresponding power (5 kW) dimensions 1340x260x600 mm.

Often, during the renovation, many people think about installing a split system and plan to design rooms for the size of the air conditioner. The internal block of this device must be placed in such a way that it is not only correctly positioned, but also looks the most harmonious in the intended interior.

The purchase and selection of the air conditioner itself is often planned closer to the end of the repair, and you need to supply the "power" now. So this article was written for such cases. In it, we will consider in detail what distances must be taken into account for subsequent installation, and we will identify the most universal dimensions of indoor units (wall-mounted household devices).

First, we want to warn you right away that there are “non-standard” models of air conditioners that can have unique dimensions and characteristics. Therefore, this article should not be taken as 100% universal.

Air conditioner size. Internal block of a split system

Most often, living rooms have a small area (up to 25 sq. M.) For such premises, air conditioners up to 2.7 kW are suitable (not to be confused with power consumption) - they are usually called "Sevens" or "nines"... As a rule, “sevens” and “nines” (of the same model) have the same overall dimensions, as well as the same tube diameter. Therefore, further we will take into account the same dimensions and characteristics of the considered standard sizes.

Overall dimensions of the indoor unit, which are of interest to us in the first place

  • block length. The most standard length of indoor units is 700-800 mm. Slightly less common up to 900 mm. From personal experience, it is best to take into account the average length of 770 mm.
  • block height. Most often, these dimensions are in the range of 250-290 mm. For planning purposes, we will take into account 270 mm.

The depth is not of much interest to us (170-240 mm). Thus, we have identified the average size of the indoor unit 770 x 270 mm.

Distances from walls and ceilings


  1. On / off air conditioners. We output the cable in such a way that it, subsequently, is under the indoor unit ( to the left by 300 mm. and lower by 100 mm. from the center of the block).
  2. Most

Today, split systems are popular to maintain a favorable indoor climate. They consist of two parts: an external and an internal unit. The outdoor unit of the air conditioner is of key importance to the quality of the equipment. We will understand its structure, principles of operation and features of installation and maintenance.

Equipment device

The external unit of the split system is called the condensing unit (KKB). It is a key element of climate control equipment that provides cooling or heating by changing the state of the refrigerant (working substance). KKB is a building that houses:

  • compressor;
  • condenser (heat exchanger);
  • expansion coils;
  • capillary tubes;
  • 4-way valve;
  • filter drier (receiver);
  • fan.

The outdoor unit of the air conditioner is connected to the equipment in the room through a system of freon (heat-insulating copper) lines. There is a drainage line from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit.

KKB body is made of galvanized steel.

Features of the complete set

A number of KKB models are equipped with a special "winter kit". It is designed to maintain the device's performance in the winter season at low temperatures. The winter kit works only for cooling, therefore it is optimal for installation in server rooms and other rooms with a high level of heat dissipation.

It includes the following elements:

  • The fan controller turns off ventilation and turns it on when the condenser heats up.
  • Heated drain tube.
  • Compressor crankcase heating before starting.

The general principle of operation of a split system can be described as follows: warm air is removed from the room and taken out into the street, cooled air is supplied in the opposite direction, which loses temperature, passing through the air conditioner and contacting with the refrigerant.

When switching the split system mode to heating, the reverse process occurs. The outdoor unit draws in cold air from the outside and raises the temperature to the desired level. The indoor unit supplies heated air to the room.

KKB works due to the physical properties of the refrigerant, which transfers energy when the state of aggregation changes.

The outdoor unit of the air conditioner works as follows:

  1. The working substance is supplied from the container to the compressor in a gaseous state.
  2. From the compressor under high pressure, the refrigerant enters the condenser, where it turns into a liquid, giving off heat.
  3. Having lost some of the energy, freon enters the highway.
  4. From the line, the working substance passes into the throttling device, where it loses pressure and cools.
  5. The cold liquid is transferred to the evaporator, where it actively circulates through the tubes.
  6. The evaporator is blown with warm supply air by means of a fan.
  7. Cold air is supplied to the room.
  8. Warm supply air heats up the heat exchanger, passing through it before being supplied to the room.
  9. The heat exchanger heats up the refrigerant, which turns into gas.
  10. Freon, passing into a gaseous state, gives off cold to the air. From the heat exchanger, the gaseous refrigerant flows back to the compressor, where the process is repeated.
  11. A closed cycle of work is created.

main parameters

When choosing and buying an external block of a split system, you need to pay attention to four main characteristics:

  • Size, height, width, length.
  • Power.
  • The length of the lines.

The dimensions of the outdoor units depend on the power and functionality of the equipment.

Average dimensional characteristics of the outdoor unit of the split system:

  • width 80 cm;
  • height 50 cm;
  • thickness 30 cm.

The models on the market can have different capacities. It all depends on the purpose of the equipment. A standard household split system has a capacity that allows you to cover an area of ​​up to 100 sq. m.

An important characteristic of the outdoor unit is noise. If the air conditioner operates without noise in the room, then the outdoor unit can cause significant inconvenience to neighbors. When choosing a model, it is better to clarify the indicator of the noise produced during the operation of the external unit. The admissible indicator is 32 dB.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the permissible length of the connecting lines between the blocks.

Do not exceed the distance that is stated in the technical data sheet of the model, since this can lead to a serious decrease in the efficiency of the equipment.

Installation of an outdoor unit involves several stages. At the first stage, the installation site is determined, equipment and tools are prepared. At the second stage, the marking and direct fixation of the equipment is performed. At the third stage, performance verification and testing are carried out.

Seat selection

The structures of modern buildings (apartment buildings, shopping and office centers) provide for the installation of air conditioners and split systems. This moment is laid even during the design. Special boxes are mounted on the facades of buildings. They serve two key purposes. First, the likelihood that the fasteners will be poorly executed is minimized. Secondly, the boxes are harmoniously integrated into the design of the building and do not spoil its appearance.

If there are no boxes in the building, then the choice of location must be made taking into account the following factors.

General rules for choosing a location for an air conditioner:

  1. The unit is mounted on the wall adjacent to the apartment. You cannot fix the device on the "territory of neighbors". Before starting work, it is necessary to clarify the availability of the possibility of installing air conditioners on the facade of the building. The city authorities may issue a decree according to which such works are prohibited, since they spoil the historical or cultural appearance of the building. There may be other reasons for the ban.
  2. The optimal places for installation are considered to be the space under the window, slightly below the sill, and the place to the side of the window. This arrangement will facilitate installation work and allow easy maintenance.
  3. If the block cannot be mounted on the facade, you can install it inside an open balcony or loggia.

Installation tool

Before starting work, be sure to prepare a set of tools. To mount the outdoor unit, you will need:

  • puncher;
  • a drill for drilling a hole in the wall through which the line will be laid;
  • drills for making holes for fixing brackets;
  • a vacuum pump that removes moisture and air from the freon circuit;
  • gauge manifold for connecting the refrigerant cylinder to the container in the block;
  • a set of rollers, which are needed for rolling copper pipes when connected to air conditioner valves;
  • pipe cutter for cutting copper pipes;
  • pipe bender for forming bends on tubes;
  • standard set of wrenches, hexagons, screwdrivers, wire cutters, level gauge.

When installing, it is imperative to take into account the following rules:

  • Availability of fresh air supply. It is impossible to mount the outdoor unit in a closed space without air access and or with limited air supply (glazed loggia). Such an error will lead to overheating and breakdown of the KKB.
  • During operation, you will periodically have to change the refrigerant. For this, the valves must be positioned so that the master can freely and without risk replace them. On most models, the valve is located on the left side.
  • It is necessary to provide for a competent drainage of condensate so that it does not fall on the walls, canopy or sidewalk.
  • Fasteners must be mounted on supporting structures, which must be designed for a load of several tens of kilograms. Do not fix the brackets on aerated concrete walls, on an external decorative facing layer or on a layer of insulation.
  • The distance from the wall to the unit should be at least 10 cm. This distance will allow for ventilation and reduce the risk of overheating of the device. The distance from the wall to the inner wall of the unit must not be too great. It is impossible that direct sunlight falls on the hidden wall of the block.
  • When laying the connecting lines, a large number of bends should be avoided, since they will lead to a decrease in the required intensity of the movement of the refrigerant, this will reduce the efficiency of the air conditioner.
  • It is recommended to equip a cornice that will protect the external unit of the air conditioner from direct moisture ingress.

Wall mounting is carried out using special brackets, which are usually included in the package. It looks like a profile of various sections bent at an angle of 90 degrees. It has several holes: some for fixing to the wall, others for mounting the unit. The bearing capacity of the brackets exceeds the weight of the air conditioner several times, so their use will ensure safety and reliability.

Installation process

Step-by-step instructions for installing an external air conditioner unit:

  1. Marking of the location of the block on the wall, holes and channels for the main lines is made. The key parameters mentioned above are taken into account.
  2. Holes for brackets are made in the wall.
  3. A hole is made in the wall for communications. A box is laid in the hole, into which the freon and drainage lines, electrical wiring are laid.
  4. Brackets are fixed. To fix them, anchor bolts or dowels with "wood grouses" are used. The block is mounted on the brackets. It is fixed with bolts.
  5. Strength, reliability and stability are tested.
  6. The freon tubes are chamfered and flared. The tubes are connected to the block.
  7. Wires are being put into KKB. Their optimal length is measured, they are stripped and connected to the terminal block. The connection of each wire is made in accordance with the electrical diagram, which must be attached to the technical passport of the device.
  8. After installing the indoor unit, a vacuum pump is connected to the KKB, with the help of which air is dehumidified and evacuated from the lines and internal elements of the unit.
  9. A protective box is put on.
  10. The container for the refrigerant is filled with freon. A test run of the equipment is carried out, the modes and correct operation are checked.

Breakdowns and malfunctions

Like any other appliance, the outdoor unit of the air conditioner may break. At low temperatures in winter, using the air conditioner without a winter kit may damage the compressor. The outdoor unit cools and freezes under the influence of external natural factors. Under such conditions, freon cannot boil in the external unit. Liquid refrigerant enters the compressor, which leads to its breakdown.

To avoid compressor breakdowns from freezing of the outdoor unit, you should install a winter kit or use the device in accordance with technical instructions: heat the room only in autumn and spring when outside temperatures are positive.

Another possible type of mechanical failure is the failure of the fan, which pumps air into the unit. Premature fan wear can be caused by dirt and dust getting inside the unit.

Malfunctions in the electronics are associated with the failure of the control and regulation boards. There may be problems with the integrity of electrical networks.

Maintenance and care

In normal operation, the outdoor unit requires a routine maintenance inspection once every 6 months. The foreman inspects the fasteners, checks the integrity and level of contamination of the filters, specifies the amount of refrigerant and measures the operating pressure of the networks.

The greatest difficulty in servicing is the replacement of the working fluid.

Refrigerant is a chemical that poses a health hazard, so you should trust a professional craftsman to work with it. You can check the condition of the filters, remove dust and dirt yourself.

Modern split systems include an outdoor unit and indoor unit of the air conditioner. When installing an air conditioner of a multi-split system of free configuration with one outdoor and several indoor units, it is possible to select the indoor units of the duct, cassette, floor, ceiling type air conditioner, which allows you to perfectly fit the indoor unit of the air conditioner into the design of any, even the most sophisticated, interior. Let's consider in more detail the device of the indoor unit of the air conditioner and their varieties.

Indoor unit of the air conditioner. Device

Indoor unit of air conditioner wall type consists of:
1. Front panel- is a plastic grill through which air enters the unit. The panel can be easily removed for servicing the air conditioner (cleaning filters, etc.)

2. Coarse filter- is a plastic mesh and is designed to trap coarse dust, animal hair, etc. For normal operation, the air conditioner filter must be cleaned at least twice a month. In the newest air conditioners of some manufacturers, an automatic filter cleaning system is used.

3. Fine filter- there are various types: coal (removes unpleasant odors), electrostatic (retains fine dust), etc. The presence or absence of fine filters does not have any effect on the operation of the air conditioner, but it does affect the purity of the air inhaled by a person in the room. Air conditioners with serious air purification systems are more expensive. Air conditioners of the "Premium" segment are equipped with such filters (for example, Mitsubishi Electric MSZ-FD25VA and MSZ-FD35VA air conditioners).

4. Fan - has 3 - 4 rotation speeds.

5. Evaporator - a radiator in which cold freon is heated and evaporated. The air blown through the radiator is accordingly cooled.

6. Horizontal blinds- adjust the direction of the air flow vertically. These blinds are electrically operated and their position can be adjusted from the remote control. In addition, the blinds can automatically oscillate to distribute the air flow evenly throughout the room.

7. Display panel- on the front panel of the indoor unit of the air conditioner there are indicators (light-emitting diodes) or LED displays showing the operating mode of the air conditioner, the selected temperature and other necessary information. If there is a self-diagnosis mode in the air conditioner, the display shows an error code of a possible malfunction. It is very convenient.

8. Vertical blinds- serve to adjust the direction of the air flow horizontally. Typically, in domestic air conditioners, the position of the louvers can only be adjusted manually. The possibility of automatic adjustment of vertical blinds using the remote control is present only in some models of the "Premium" segment.

9. Condensate tray(not shown in the figure) - located under the evaporator and serves to collect condensate (water that forms on the surface of the cold evaporator). From the sump, water is discharged to the outside through the drain hose.

10. Control board(not shown) - usually located on the right side of the indoor unit. This board houses the electronics unit with a central microprocessor.

11. Fitting connections(not shown in the figure) - located at the lower rear of the indoor unit. Copper pipes are connected to them, connecting the outdoor and indoor units.

Indoor unit of wall type

The appearance of the indoor unit of the air conditioner, or in other words, its type may be different. The most popular are wall-mounted split systems, which include wall-mounted indoor unit... This is the most cost-effective multi-system layout because wall-mounted indoor units are cheaper than other types of indoor units.

Duct type indoor unit

These indoor units are used where a covert installation of an air conditioner is needed and there is no desire to place anything on the walls or ceiling. Channel-type indoor units are usually placed in dressing rooms or hidden behind a suspended ceiling in a specially designated area. These units require a service door for periodic maintenance. The supply of cold or warm air to the room is carried out using air ducts.

Cassette indoor unit

This type of indoor units is used when it is not possible to place wall units. The cassette indoor unit can be single-flow and 4-flow. Single-lane cassette units are commonly used for air conditioning in apartments and country houses. For large, voluminous office premises, shops, etc., four-flow cassette indoor units are used.

Air conditioner indoor unit dimensions

As you already know, the split-system can include various types of units, respectively, the dimensions of the indoor unit also differ. The dimensions of the indoor unit of a wall-type air conditioner differ depending on the manufacturer and the capacity of the air conditioner. The higher the power of the wall split system, the more indoor unit dimensions... The average width of the indoor unit air conditioner is from 780 to 1100 mm.

Offered by some vendors such as Fujitsu. The Fujitsu Standart air conditioner has a small internal unit measuring 260x790x198mm. Daikin's line of wall-mounted air conditioners presents the latest Daikin Emura FTXG25J split system, which has the thinnest indoor unit size- the thickness of the block is only 156 mm!

LG offers original wall mount indoor units of air conditioners LG ART COOL GALLERY square shape. These indoor units have a unique ability to replace images. You will be able to install in indoor unit of LG air conditioner any picture or photo.

Air conditioners with 2 indoor units are most often used for air conditioning several adjacent rooms. This system uses one outdoor and two indoor units. Indoor units can be either wall-mounted or cassette or duct. Systems with two indoor units are called multi split systems.

The introduction of new technological solutions into household equipment often runs counter to practical feasibility. An example of climatic technology is most indicative in this sense. So, recently, the market has been actively filled which are intended for indoor use. The features of such systems include the complete exclusion of dirty installation operations, which attracts a large audience of consumers. But with all the convenience of installation and further maintenance, such models are not able to approach the performance characteristics that are provided by an external air conditioner unit as part of a split system. Another thing is that the owners of outdoor installations have to deal with troublesome tasks, but of a different kind.

What is an external unit?

The outdoor segment, which is part of the split-system complex, includes a condenser, valve isolators, pipes, filter driers and a fan. Depending on the modification and design, the internal "filling" may change, but a traditional set of an air conditioner with a remote block has just such a set of elements. By the way, the most noticeable differences are observed in the so-called winter systems, which provide for the presence of special controllers to control the fan. Modern air conditioners also use multifunctional power switching relays. Such devices are designed for non-standard compressor operation in conditions of high or low temperatures. Unlike the indoor segment, the outdoor unit does not have electronic modules - its operation is completely subordinated to the mechanical function.

Block dimensions

The outdoor unit is available on the market in various configurations and shapes. And although manufacturers, in order to simplify segmentation, seek to unify model lines, the choice of standard sizes is still quite wide. If we talk about average parameters, it is 770 mm wide, 450 mm high and 245 mm thick. At the same time, the fan radius on average varies from 200 to 250 mm. Of course, there are also aggregates whose dimensions deviate from these indicators. So, in the Mitsubishi lineup, an almost square external air conditioner unit is presented, which is 880 mm in width and 840 mm in height. As for the parameters of the inner segment, they are not so impressive. Usually these are long narrow modules of medium size - 700 x 200 x 200 mm.

Choosing a place to install the unit

Usually, when choosing the optimal point for installing air conditioners outside, users are faced with the problems of combining ease of use and protection of the module. For example, placing the unit at a height is the best option from the point of view of its safety, but in this case it becomes more difficult to access the air conditioner for maintenance purposes. A good solution might be to place the module on the wall near a window opening or loggia. At the same time, other nuances must be taken into account, including the absence of direct rays of the sun and permission for installation from the neighbors, since a noisy unit can cause inconvenience to people living at the same level of the building.

In addition, it generates condensation, which will drip downward. Accordingly, you will have to negotiate with the neighbors on the lower floors. In case of successful coordination of the installation site of the unit with other residents, you can proceed to direct installation operations. By the way, another condition for the installation of the outdoor unit is the possibility of laying communications in the wall.

Installation of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner

When installing air conditioners, special mounting kits are used, which include pipes with flex, brackets with sets of fixing hardware, drainage communications, etc. The physical installation of the segment is carried out using load-bearing components that are embedded in the walls using anchor elements. At the same stage, brackets are used, the power potential of which is focused on the mass of a particular module. Also, the installation of the external unit of the air conditioner provides for its communication connection with the internal segment. For this, a hole of the required diameter is made in the wall, which will allow organizing, in addition to the main wiring, also the laying of the vacuum pump and gauge manifold. At the final stage, the communications are directly connected between the two blocks.

Features of installing the indoor unit

When installing the evaporative, that is, the indoor module of the air conditioning system, it is especially important to maintain the correct position of the unit. Usually this unit is mounted directly under the ceiling surface with a slight indentation. Mechanical fixation is also done with suitable brackets. True, in this case, the mass of equipment is not so great, which simplifies the workflow. After marking, the master installs the anchoring elements and, if necessary, fixes the supporting profiles. Next, the indoor unit of the air conditioner is installed with strict observance of the horizontal position. Also, some models of such segments, according to the instructions, should have a slight slope towards the drainage passage.

Maintenance and care

In normal operation, the air conditioner must be serviced every six months. Most of the work is carried out with the outdoor unit, which is most susceptible to contamination. Specialists usually check the condition of the filters, the refrigerant level, the operating pressure of the module route, etc. The most difficult operation is the replacement of the working fluid. The refrigerant is a chemically unsafe substance, so it is better to rely on experienced craftsmen to recharge it. But taking care of the rest of the components is quite affordable for ordinary users. For example, the answer to the question of how to clean the external unit of the air conditioner is quite simple. First of all, it should be disassembled, after which, using a rag or a vacuum cleaner, rid the inner surfaces of the module from dust and dirt deposits. In the process of such maintenance, external filters and heat exchange radiators are cleaned, which prolongs the life of the air conditioner.

Outdoor unit in multi-systems

The concept of technical implementation of a split system provides for the possibility of using several indoor modules in one complex, which are served by one outdoor unit. Unlike standard configurations, the external module of such a system has engineering differences. For integration into a multi-system, it is equipped with an additional thermostat, which allows more efficient control of the fan and compressor settings. In turn, the indoor unit of the air conditioner acts as a source of information signals that determine the control of the outdoor unit. That is, the user, using the remote control, accesses the panel of the indoor unit, and that, in turn, through the digital channel, regulates the bypass communications system on the freon line.

Price question

In modern modifications, split-system air conditioners are not cheap, which is largely due to the complexity of the design. Even in the entry-level segment, the cost of an air conditioner with a remote unit is rarely less than 20 thousand rubles. Of course, you can find options for 15 thousand rubles. from little-known brands, but their quality raises doubts both among specialists and among users themselves, who often complain about problems.

Decent quality models are offered by Fujitsu, Daikin, Mitsubishi, etc. The average cost of an air conditioner from the range of these companies varies in the range of 30-40 thousand rubles. At the same time, the most technologically advanced and productive sets can be estimated at 70-80 thousand rubles.

Conclusion

The use of air conditioners with a design involving the installation of an external unit gives rise to many problems during installation and further maintenance. And this is without taking into account the difficulties in transporting equipment. These factors make it possible to speak of such units as morally obsolete. Especially against the background of the proliferation of mobile devices of modest size. Nevertheless, the outdoor unit of the air conditioner remains relevant in the market. This is explained by its high performance, functionality and safety during operation, since the main working units are located outside the living quarters. And if for domestic use it is possible to find a low-power replacement for a split-system in the form of a monoblock, then in the context of servicing office premises, public buildings and institutions, multifunctional complexes still have no equal.

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