How to plant an incense in the fall. Planting, care and propagation of bergenia in the garden. Cultural varieties of Badan for planting in the garden

Not every owner of a garden plot is familiar with a wonderful ornamental plant called badan. It can be considered underestimated, because it is undeservedly used in landscape compositions. We will tell you about the types and varieties of plants, planting and caring for them, reproduction and use of this not only beautiful, but also useful plant.

Origin

Badan is a perennial herb that grows wild in Central and East Asia. It belongs to the genus of the same name, which, in turn, belongs to the Saxifrage family. Badan got its Latin name bergenia (bergenia) in honor of Karl August von Bergen, a German botanist and doctor of medicine who lived in the 18th century.

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Badan became known to science after 1760 when the Swedish physician and naturalist Karl Linnaeus received a sample of an unexplored Siberian plant from the Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg. It received the name "thick-leaved saxifrage" and was known for a long time under this name, until the German professor of botany and opponent of Karl Linnaeus Konrad Mönch singled it out as a separate genus.

Description of the plant

Large dark green leathery berry leaves are collected in a root rosette. With the onset of autumn, they begin to acquire reddish, brown, orange or crimson shades, giving the plant colorfulness and exceptional decorativeness. First, the veins of the leaf turn red, then its edges, and then the entire leaf plate.

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In a picturesque autumn garden, such an attractive plant will definitely not go unnoticed. On the contrary, badan will serve as a magnificent decoration of the personal plot. Even ornamental leaves alone are enough to make a choice in favor of planting incense in the garden. But this plant also blooms beautifully!

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Flowers Badana can be white or all shades of pink, raspberry and lilac. They are collected in loose paniculate inflorescences on thick leafless peduncles that appear in early spring among the leaves and continue to grow in height even during flowering. Badan blooms in spring - early summer. Flowering lasts for two to three weeks.

This plant is drought-resistant and frost-resistant, and its shiny succulent leaves badan keeps green even under a layer of snow. Tolstoy rhizome grows horizontally and is located at a shallow depth. Therefore, the perennial grows in breadth, forming picturesque thickets, and can be aggressive for nearby plants.

Badan can be considered a long-liver. In one place without transplants, this perennial grows and feels good for 10-15 years and even more. However, it is recommended to divide the bushes after 4-5 years: this contributes to their vigorous growth and lush flowering.

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To date, ten types of badan are known, which are common in the wild in the temperate climate of Asia. They grow mainly in mountainous regions over a vast territory from Central Asia to China and Korea, including the southern part of Siberia and the Far East, Afghanistan, northern Mongolia and the Himalayas.

The natural habitats of plants are alpine meadows and poor soils of rocky taluses and mountain slopes. Among the varieties of badan, there are annual plants, however, most of the species are evergreen perennials.

Types of badan

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Depending on the territory in which the plants grow, all types of badan are usually divided into 2 groups (according to morphological characteristics):

1 Siberian-Far Eastern group. It includes plants with flowers of red, crimson or purple colors and undisturbed leaves that have smooth edges.

2 Himalayan-Chinese group. This group includes plants with white or pinkish flowers and pubescent leaves with ciliated edges.

The most widespread in culture are two types of plants: thick-leaved and heart-leaved badans, which belong to the first group.

We will tell you about these and other interesting types of bergenia that can be successfully grown in our gardens.

Thick-leaved

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When it comes to thick-leaved badan, you can often hear such names of this plant as "thick-leaved saxifrage" or "Mongolian tea". In the wild, this plant is widespread in Siberia, Kazakhstan, Primorye, in the northern regions of Mongolia, as well as in China and Korea. Badan thick-leaved grows on rocky slopes, in coniferous and deciduous forests and in mountainous areas up to an altitude of 2000 m above sea level.

It is this species that is most widespread in culture.... These plants are shade-tolerant and rather demanding on moisture. The thick leafless stem reaches a height of 50 cm, and the rhizomes have a diameter of 3.5 cm and numerous branches that are located close to the soil surface.

Badan thick-leaved - medicinal plant... Rhizomes are used as medicinal raw materials, less often leaves. Badan preparations strengthen the walls of blood vessels, help lower blood pressure, have hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, astringent and antimicrobial effects.

Hearty

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Bushes of this type of badan reach a height of 40 cm. Its dense or even coarse leaves are dark green in color and heart-shaped. It is for this reason that the heart-leaved incense received such a name.

Plants of this species bloom in May, and flowering lasts about twenty days.... Small flowers, collected in dense racemose inflorescences, most often have a lilac or pink color.

Less commonly, you can find varieties with white or lavender flowers.

Pacific

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It is a herbaceous perennial plant with thick rhizomes and dense leaves that are oval in shape and up to 20 cm in diameter. Peduncles of this species grow up to 40 cm, and the flowers, collected in lush inflorescences, have a lilac hue and are similar in shape to small bells. This type of badan blooms in May-June.

The leaves of the plant retain their decorative effect throughout the growing season.: They are green in summer and a beautiful reddish hue in autumn. In the wild, Pacific incense grows among the stones, forming dense thickets.

Strechi

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This is perhaps the smallest of all types.... His homeland is Central Asia, the Pamirs, the rocky slopes of the Himalayas, Afghanistan and China. Small glossy leaves are 10 cm long and 3-5 cm wide. They can survive quite well under snow cover.

Peduncles reach a height of 30 cm... The plant blooms in May for two to three weeks with white or pink flowers. German breeders worked a lot with this species, who based on it created a whole series of varieties with creeping stems and small leaves.

Ciliated

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This plant is native to Tibet and the Himalayas, where it grows in shady forests and on mountain ledges, rising to a height of several thousand meters above sea level. This species has round "bristly" leaves and white or pale pink flowers.

In regions with severe frosts, the leaves of these plants die off in winter., but the bushes themselves successfully winter and grow new foliage in the spring.

Schmidt

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This species includes garden hybrids obtained by crossing a thick-leaved species with a ciliate... As a result, a strong plant was bred with oval leaves of a dark green hue up to 25 cm long.

Leaves sitting on long petioles have jagged edges and a sparse fringe of hairs... Badan Schmidt blooms with bright pink flowers, collected in dense inflorescences.

Plant varieties

Today, breeders are working to create new hybrid varieties of this unpretentious perennial. They differ from each other in the size of the bushes, the color of the flowers, the shape and shade of the leaves. But all badans, regardless of the variety, are exclusively ornamental plants.

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Interesting is the "musical" series of hybrids named after famous composers. These plants are characterized by unpretentiousness and winter hardiness. They are relatively small in size, but have large flowers.

The badan series, bred in Germany, includes varieties:

• "Betchoven" ("Beethoven")
• "Bartoc"
• Britten
• "Borodin"
• "Bach"
• "Bizet"
• "Brahms"

Among the varieties of badan, there are real giants 50 cm high ("Hidenuspe", "Schneekofcnigin") and rather compact plants reaching up to 30 cm ("Abendglut", "Baby Doll"). Ornamental varieties with variegated foliage unusual for badans have also been bred ("Tubby Andrews", "Galina Serova").

Reproduction

Badan is propagated in different ways: by seeds, cuttings and by dividing the rhizome.

Let's dwell on each of them in more detail:

1 Seeds are sown, as a rule, before winter, in early November. This method of stratification will facilitate more massive emergence. Seedlings develop rather slowly, forming a rosette in the first year of growth, which consists of 4-5 leaves.

Young seedlings need to be shaded, watered and weeds that interfere with the normal growth and development of plants. At the beginning of autumn or next spring, the seedlings should be cut open, and in the first winter, they should be mulched with a sufficiently thick layer of peat or dry humus.

Plants that have grown from seeds bloom 3-4 years after sowing. Seeds can also be sown in March in greenhouse conditions, and the emerging seedlings can be dived and planted in open ground in June.

2 Young spring rosettes with small leaves and a "heel" - a piece of horizontal rhizome are suitable for cuttings. They are taken from mature, strong and healthy bushes with well-developed leaves. Cuttings for propagation are cut in the spring, after the berry blossoms or after new leaves have grown.

Delenki are planted in a prepared area. It is better to immediately plant the plants in a permanent place, since the badan does not like too frequent transplants. Cuttings should be planted about 40 cm apart. The first 2 weeks after planting, plants need regular but moderate watering.

3 You can divide the rhizome both in the spring, at the very beginning of the growing season, and in the fall, when the plant enters a dormant period. To do this, a part of the rhizome is separated from a healthy, viable bush so that each of the segments has its own growth point.

The separated part of the rhizome is planted in its place, making the distance between the plants at least 30-40 cm. The berry should be transplanted carefully so as not to damage the roots. Planting is carried out to a depth of no more than 5 cm. In the first year, the plants form a rosette of leaves, and bloom for 2-3 years.

Seat selection and landing

Badan can be planted in a wide variety of areas: in the shade and in open sunny places, on the banks of water bodies and warmed up warm slopes. However, places located in light partial shade are best suited for a perennial. Plants may stop blooming in full shade.

The choice of location for this perennial plant should depend on the result you want to get. If you plant an incense in partial shade, where moisture remains in the soil longer, it grows in a thick and luscious green carpet, but it will bloom quite modestly.

In areas warmed by the sun the plant will delight you with lush flowering, but it will not be able to form powerful bushes with dense foliage and will have a somewhat depressed appearance. Badan growing in the sun requires regular watering.

Low-lying areas where water stagnates or groundwater is close to bed is completely unsuitable for growing badan. In this case, the roots of the plant can rot. Berry will grow best on light, fertile and moderately moist soils, neutral to slightly alkaline.

For planting seedlings and badan plots, shallow holes are made, on the bottom of which a little coarse river sand is poured for drainage. The plants are transferred together with a lump of earth and covered with soil. After planting, it is imperative to water it.

Since badan grows well in the wild on poor rocky soils, you can try to make a similar soil in your area. To do this, usually mix 2 parts of sand, 2 parts of small stones and 1 part of sod land. Small amounts of gravel and sand can also be added to loamy soils.

Outdoor plant care

Badan is not too picky about care. When growing this plant, you need to monitor the moisture content of the soil and try to prevent both its drying out and moisture stagnation. Loosening the soil around the bushes should be done carefully so as not to damage the roots located close to the surface.

In the spring, berserk can be fed with a universal mineral fertilizer in the dosage specified in the manufacturer's instructions. The second time is feeding after the berry has faded. It is at this time that the plant lays new rosettes of leaves.

After flowering, if you do not plan to collect seeds for further propagation of the berry, it is recommended to cut the flower stalks. This is to avoid weakening the plants and allowing them to form strong, healthy leaves.

Badan winters well in temperate latitudes, does not suffer from frost and does not need shelter... However, if you decide to cover the bushes for the winter with spruce branches, in the spring they will thank you with powerful growth and more friendly and lush flowering compared to those specimens that were not provided with shelter for the winter.

To determine if a plant is sick, you need to examine its leaves.

Badan rarely gets sick and is practically not damaged by pests, however, improper growing conditions can provoke infection with fungal diseases. This danger arises when soil and air humidity is high. First, round brown spots appear on the leaves, which later turn brown-gray.

You can determine a fungal disease by carefully examining the leaves. If a white bloom is visible on the bottom of the sheet, this indicates the presence of spores. When infected with fungal diseases, berry leaves can dry out completely.

Spores are transmitted along with diseased planting material and retain their viability even in the cold season. Therefore, having identified the disease, it is necessary to cut and burn diseased leaves, and the plants should be treated with preparations containing copper, for example, Bordeaux liquid. During the growing season, spraying can be done as a preventive measure.

Healing properties

If, after wintering, you notice dried and blackened leaves on the bushes of thick-leaved bergenia, do not rush to throw them away. The leaves overwintered under the snow underwent a natural fermentation process and acquired healing properties. In Siberia, Mongolia and the Far East, they are usually brewed and drunk like tea.

This drink is called Mongolian or Chigir tea. It has a dark color, has beneficial properties, has a tonic effect and improves immunity.

Badan rhizomes are also used as medicinal raw materials. They are harvested during the summer months (June-July).

The rhizomes, like the leaves, contain up to 27% tannins, which belong to the group of gallotannins. In addition, the leaves contain gallic acid, up to 22% arbutin, up to 35% tannides and 2-4% free hydroquinone. Derivatives of isocoumarin bergenin are also found in rhizomes.

Badan preparations are used in folk medicine as hemostatic, astringent, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents. They are used for bleeding, inflammation, colitis and are used in dental practice to treat chronic inflammation of the oral cavity and gum disease.

Interesting feature: with age, the content of tannins in the badan foliage decreases, and in the rhizomes it increases.

Use in landscape design

Badan has been cultivated in the middle of the 18th century. Garden forms of this perennial are widespread in Europe. The original outlines of the bushes, an interesting shape and rich colors of leaves and inflorescences allow you to create picturesque compositions.

The plant has a decorative appearance from early spring to frost:

• in the spring berry bushes adorn numerous inflorescences with bright flowers
• summer its luscious foliage serves as an excellent background for other flowering plants - irises, daylilies, phloxes, bells, asters, doronicum, Gaillardia, alissum
• v september Badan leaves change their green color to a colorful autumn scale, and the plants again come to the fore, attracting attention with bright colors
• even with the onset of winter leaves retain their freshness, leaving in this form under the snow

Different varieties of badan react differently to the onset of cold weather. This manifests itself in a different change in the color of the leaves in late autumn. In some varieties, the edges of the leaves darken at first, becoming brighter with a decrease in temperature. For others, the red border turns into bizarre stains, and for others, the entire leaf plate immediately becomes crimson, orange or crimson.

VIDEO: Evergreen BADAN - HEALING PROPERTIES, GROWING, CARE, REPRODUCTION

Badan: description, types and varieties, planting and care in the open field, medicinal properties and contraindications (60+ Photos & Videos) + Reviews

Badan, or "elephant ears", refers to flower crops of interest to gardeners around the world. Nowadays, a huge number of hybrids of this plant have been bred, so you can choose the one that is suitable for a specific site.

Badan is a flower culture with large leathery leaves of various shapes and sizes. An interesting feature of them is the ability to radically change color when temperatures drop. The plant belongs to evergreens, therefore, decorative plantings are guaranteed throughout the garden season. Badan overwinters in Russian latitudes without additional shelter under a layer of leaves or mulch, even in snowless winters. But when growing varieties with early flowering, it is recommended to protect the peduncles during recurrent frosts.

Badan is a culture that combines all the characteristics that an ideal flower culture should have:

• decorativeness throughout the season, due to a beautiful long flowering (more than a month) and huge leaves that change color;
• winter hardiness;
• drought resistance;
• shade tolerance;
• unpretentious care.

The most common in Russian latitudes are the following types of badan:

Thick-leaved (Bergenia crassifolia)

The height of an adult bush does not exceed 45 cm, its width is about the same. Serrated leaves can be either elongated or broadly oval, up to 30 cm in size. Usually they are colored green, but with sudden temperature changes they acquire a red-violet hue, which is very attractive for flower growers. Small flowers about 1 cm in diameter most often have a pink color of various shades. The peduncle is straight and reaches 50 cm in height. Blossoming of big-leaved bergenia begins early, at the end of April, and lasts for a month.

Heart-leaved (Bergenia cordifolia)

This species is superior in size to the previous one: a bush up to 60 cm high and up to 75 cm wide is formed here. Leaves with wavy edges are dark green and heart-shaped (hence the corresponding name). The flowers themselves are also larger than those of thick-leaved bergenia, and their color is deeper dark shades of pink.

Hybrid varieties bred by breeders to expand the range of badans are very popular in decorating plots. The most interesting varieties with descriptions are presented below.

Flowering occurs in May-June. The flowers are light pink, bell-shaped. The leaves are large, rounded, painted in green-purple color. The bush grows 1 m wide, and reaches half a meter in height.

It blooms early - in April-May. The main color of the flowers is white, however, there is a slight pink tint. The variety grows 50 cm wide and 30 cm high. Leaves change color from dark green to purple during the season.

Flowering is very decorative and unusual for badan - the flowers have a semi-double shape and a delicate pink tint and resemble Japanese cherry blossom flowers. The height of the peduncles is 40 cm, and the bush itself is 30 cm. The leaves of the berry of this variety darken strongly in cold weather and become purple-black.

Planting badan on the site

The best place to plant badan is considered to be partial shade. But it takes root and grows both in sunny areas and in the shade. But in the sun this flower develops much more slowly, and strong shading negatively affects the decorative effect of its flowering.

Since the roots of badan lie close to the surface of the earth, the fertile soil layer can be only 25 ... 30 cm. It is not picky about the composition of the soil, but it is much more difficult for it to grow and develop on heavy soils, so the soil is often loosened by adding sand. The acidity of the soil should be close to neutral, planting on slightly acidic soils is allowed.

Preparing for landing

In principle, the seeds and seedlings of badan do not need any additional preparations before planting; as a prevention of the appearance of fungal diseases, they can be pre-treated in a fungicide solution. Seedlings (cuttings or cuttings) with a weak root system can be soaked in special preparations to stimulate its growth, while removing all rotten and dead roots.

If the material is personally collected in October from existing badans, then the seeds are sown in planting boxes and simply left for the winter on an area under the snow, and in March-April they are brought into a heated room with an air temperature of about +20 0 C. If the seeds were purchased in winter , then they are planted in boxes in March on the snow (since the seeds are quite small).

The substrate in the box should be loose and breathable. After planting, the seeds are sprinkled with a small amount of sand. The soil in the boxes should be kept moist before and after the emergence of shoots, but at the same time there should be no excess moisture.

Planting in the ground in a permanent place of badan when grown from seeds usually occurs in June, when the seedlings reach a height of 10 ... 15 cm. Immediately before planting, it is advisable to add ash, humus and complex mineral fertilizer to the holes, and then stir with a spatula. The holes are positioned so that the distance between adjacent berry seedlings is at least 30 cm.

If the purchased seedlings are rooted in the substrate, then they can be planted throughout the season according to the scheme 35 ... 40x35 ... 40 cm.

If a badan root was purchased, then it is planted in a permanent place, having previously soaked in water and treated in a fungicide solution. When buying such planting material, it is important to pay attention to dormant buds (there should be at least 5 of them), as well as to the general condition of the root: if there are traces of rot, or it looks dried up, then it is better to refuse such a purchase.

Planting badan: video

Badan care

Watering should be moderate. Badan belongs to drought-resistant plants and does not need to be watered too often, and excess moisture threatens root decay.

Watering in the case of berry care depends mainly on weather conditions (it is clear that in stable hot weather, the soil will have to be moistened more often) and on growing conditions: for example, when using mulch around plantings, they will withstand up to 1.5 weeks without water.

Top dressing should not be frequent, since their excessive introduction will negatively affect the flowering of the culture. It is enough just to apply in early spring a complex mineral fertilizer in bulk under the bushes, and with watering it will gradually penetrate into the ground. The second feeding is carried out after the blooming of bergenia.

Loosening and removal of weeds must be timely, especially if the berry is grown without mulching the land around the plantings. Loosening must be done carefully, since the roots of the plant are close to the surface. Weeds are removed as the berry grows, and with the active growth of the bush, it independently displaces all "neighbors".

Natural materials can be used as a mulching material: sawdust, bark, peat or humus from leaves. Mulch is laid in a layer of 1.5 ... 2 cm, and, if necessary, sprinkle it.

Growing badan: video

Propagation of badan

This flower crop can be propagated in three ways.

Division is carried out in early spring or late summer. The resulting delenki are planted immediately in the open ground according to the 35x35 cm scheme, you can first trim the side roots to stimulate their growth. This method of reproduction is very convenient, but you can divide the bushes only at the age of at least five years.

This method is best done after the blooming berry. As a cutting, a segment of rhizome with an apical bud is most suitable, while all massive leaves must be removed from it and 2 ... 3 young ones should be left.

Cuttings are planted directly into the open ground, keeping a distance of 35 cm between them. You can pre-soak them in a solution of a root formation stimulator (for example, in Kornevin or Kornesila). Before the onset of winter, the newly-baked seedlings have time to take root. Badan, propagated in this way, will bloom in 2 years.

Seeds

This method is considered to be longer in terms of waiting for flowering - the berry from seeds will bloom only at 4 years of age. The rules for sowing berry seeds by seeds were described above.

Badan is resistant to pest damage, since because of its chemical composition, few people want to feast on them. The main problem in its cultivation can be represented only by nematodes living in the soil, and a drooling penny, for the reproduction of which shady planting conditions are favorable. It is recommended to fight such pests with the use of chemical preparations, therefore, processed bergenia is categorically not recommended to be consumed for food and for medicinal purposes.

If slugs or snails suddenly attack the berry, then you need to take care of collecting old leaves from the bushes, and collect the pests by hand.

Also, this culture can be affected by fungal diseases, in cases of acquiring already infected seedlings or if the rules of agricultural technology are not followed.

It consists in removing faded arrows and dried leaves. In this case, it is advisable not to leave hemp, but to carry out the cutting by hand without a secateurs or a knife. If the leaves are used for medicinal purposes, then they are left to winter on the bush, and in the spring they are harvested and dried.

After flowering, the berry is fed with the introduction of a loose complex mineral fertilizer.

This flower culture has a very wide application in gardening a garden plot: it looks harmoniously as a tapeworm when planting, for example, in a lawn, on alpine slides, in group compositions, as well as as a decoration for borders and along the edges of paths.

Growing various varieties of badan helps the gardener-florist to bring to life the most interesting design ideas, but when planting, you should always take into account the ability of the badan to grow and suppress the surrounding plants.

As soon as the flower badan is not called among the people. He and Chigir tea, and bergenia, and Mongolian tea. This perennial, and sometimes an annual, with a powerful rhizome, came to us from the Altai Territory and took root quite easily in our garden plots.

The berry plant is also sometimes called "elephant ears" because of the large spreading leaves, which are collected at the root in a large rosette.

Badan is able to please its flowering. They say that one inflorescence can contain up to 120 small flowers.

Badan varieties

Badan flower is represented by 10 main varieties.

The most popular among them are thick-leaved and heart-leaved incense.

• Badan thick-leaved is a tall, stately perennial that can reach up to 50 cm in height. It has bright flowers that emit a bewitching and attractive scent.

• Badan heart-leaved - got its name because of the shape of the leaves, which outwardly resemble a heart. It reaches a height of up to 40 cm, has bright delicate inflorescences of lilac or pink shades.

Badan flower: planting and care

1. Since this is a plant that tolerates cold well, the choice of a place for planting it is not critical. But here it must be borne in mind that it is better to plant European varieties where there is no accumulation of cold air.
2. For planting badan, it is better to choose a shaded place. This flower loves shade, but under the rays of the scorching sun, its life will clearly be darkened. Planting where it is constantly dark is also not necessary. In this case, there can be no talk of any flowering, the plant will simply stop growing. Therefore, the main rule is a shaded area with rocky soil. So he will feel like in a natural environment.
3. In open ground, badan is planted in late July - early August. In this case, it is important to bring the soil as close to natural as possible. Badan grows on poor soils, so it does not need an overly nutritious soil mixture. But he does not like a lot of water, so try to provide your pet with good drainage.
4. When planting, keep in mind that the rhizomes of the flower grow. So that the plants are not crowded, it is better to make the holes at a distance of 40 cm from each other.

Growing and caring for badan is a simple matter. One has only to be patient and wait for the plant to bloom. By the way, it grows rather slowly and lets flowers only in the second year of life.

Outdoor care

• Badan does not like excessive moisture. Watering should be moderate in everything - both in frequency and in volume. Overdrying is also impossible.
• It is often not necessary to transplant badan. It is better to immediately choose a place where the flower will grow constantly. For ten years in one place, he lives well.
• Badan is fed twice a year: in spring and autumn. It is worth trying the Kemir feeding. It is ideal for this type of plant.
• In the fall, berry must be prepared for wintering. It does not need to be dug out, but dry leaves and inflorescences are cut off, and the soil around the flower is mulched.
• In the spring, old overwintered leaves are removed from the plant.

Video: An unpretentious plant for the garden - badan

Badan flower is an excellent solution for landscape design. It perfectly coexists with other cultures, creating compositions of extraordinary beauty.

Badan is a mysterious flower that came from the Asian deserts. With its unique charm, it is able to decorate even harsh and stony soils. This Asian from the Saxifrag family can literally destroy a stone with its powerful root system, growing in the crevices of inaccessible rocky mountains.

It was discovered by itinerant traders on the Great Silk Road. The flower literally bit into the rocks and delighted travelers with its beauty despite the harsh conditions of the desert. This is how, in the 18th century, a new plant called saxifrage appeared among gardeners.

A little later, it received the Latin name Bergenia (Vergenia), in the Russian version - badan, - after the name of the scientist Karl von Bergen

There are about 10 species of this plant. And each of them differs in its varieties and varieties, and breeders continue to breed the newest hybrids, even more unpretentious and pleasing to the eye with their beauty.

Within the species there are both annual representatives and perennials, differing in external features and qualities.

Perennials have stronger stems and roots creeping in the upper layers of the soil. Annual representatives are fragile and tender, they have a not so strong root system. Flower growth varies depending on the species from 6 to 60 centimeters.

Badan's leaf plates are dense and fleshy, they are able to accumulate water, helping to survive drought. Even if the plant is not watered for several weeks, then it will perfectly cope with such troubles.

To get a lush flowering bush, watering is carried out as the soil dries.

Badan leaves have a rounded shape, which bears some resemblance to begonia leaves. The color of the leaves varies with the species, from green to bright emerald green with purple edging.

Berry blossoms with small cups of flowers, collected in a bouquet on a small stem. Flowers come in all shades of red and pink as well as white. One panicle of inflorescences can have 120 tiny flowers.

Methods for growing badan

Badan can be grown from seeds, and also obtained by dividing the bush.

How to grow a flower from seed

Growing from seed has its advantages. This method makes it possible to avoid diseases that affect adult plants.

The seeds can be purchased at the store or collected by yourself. In this way, the seeds of an adult plant are harvested after the end of the flowering period, in September. In this case, care must be taken that the seeds do not spill into the ground.

To do this, a gauze bag is put on a withering flower, and when a box is formed, it is cut off and dried within two weeks.

Seeds are sown before winter. At low temperatures, the larvae of insect pests die, as well as pathogenic microflora in the form of various fungi. In addition, it contributes to the hardening of the flowers and their further endurance.

Seeds are sown by the end of November. To do this, prepare containers for planting, filling them with a substrate, which can be used as a universal or special for begonias.

The seeds are buried in prepared grooves to a depth of 0.5-1 cm. Seeds are sown not thickly, leaving 2-3 centimeters between the seeds in a row, and between the rows themselves - 5 centimeters

The growing algorithm is as follows:

• After planting, containers with seedlings are placed under the snow until March.
• As soon as the thaw has come, the boxes are transferred to the heat and wait until two or three real leaves appear on the seedlings.
• The temperature should be kept at 19-20 degrees, humidity -75%
• Around the end of April, looking at the condition of the seedlings, the seedlings are dived. Plants are planted in individual boxes or in a large container, then at a distance of 5 centimeters from each other.
• A flower grown from seeds can only bloom for 3-4 years, and until then, you can enjoy the colorful foliage of this amazing plant.

How to care for seedlings

Seedling care is quite standard, it requires timely watering and loosening. Usually at the end of May, plants can be transplanted into open ground, but before that, they must be hardened for a week.

In this case, the seedlings should be taken out into the fresh air at first only in the daytime for a short time. Then, gradually increasing the residence time, first in the daytime, and then in the morning and evening.

Gradually getting used to lower temperatures, it will be possible to leave the seedlings in the fresh air and overnight. Only after being ready to withstand night temperatures, flowers can be sent to the garden.

When caring for seedlings, you must follow some recommendations:

• when watering, do not overfill the plants so that the roots do not start to rot;
• prepared soil should have a good drainage layer of sand or pebbles;
• there is no need to do special feeding for seedlings, but growth stimulants will accelerate development, and with a short summer this is of great importance;
• seedlings need ventilation, which contributes to better air exchange and the synthesis of useful microelements that feed it;
• protection from the scorching sun rays to protect delicate seedlings from burns. For this, the eastern or western side of the apartment is better suited.

Landing in open ground

When planting seedlings in open ground, you should look at night temperatures so that night temperatures do not kill delicate young plants.

To be on the safe side, at first you can use a covering material. Indeed, even at the beginning of June in central Russia, night frosts on the soil are possible.

For bergenia, it is best to prepare the soil with a layer of drainage from sand or pebbles, and pour a fertile soil layer on top so that moisture does not stagnate. For growing horizontally badan roots, 5-7 centimeters of the fertile layer will be enough.

It often happens that the roots of badan, which are shallow in the soil, come to the surface. This can be fraught with sunburn and plant death.

For this purpose, it is better to plant bushes in shaded areas of the garden, or near various buildings. It is advisable to mulch the soil with rotted foliage or peat

The holes for planting bushes must be staggered, digging each one to a depth of 7-8 centimeters. Water the bushes immediately after planting, and then only after a week. The survival rate is higher for seedlings planted in rainy weather, when the hot sun is not hot. The evening time is also good, starting at 6 pm

Seedlings are planted at a distance of 40 centimeters from each other. This method of planting will allow the wide leaves of bergenia to form a continuous covering, reminiscent of a fluffy carpet.

Growing by dividing a bush

Growing badan is also possible by dividing the bush. Dividing the bush is best done when flowering ends, from June to August. You can divide a bush that has several shoots, and the rhizome of the separated bush should have 3 buds.

Excess leaves on the bush are removed, leaving three young leaves. In the first year, the flower will grow and grow new leaves. Flowering should be expected only after a year or two, depending on the growing climate.

Care

Badan is one of the rather unpretentious plants to care for. In caring for him, it is enough to carry out timely watering, pruning dried foliage and flowers. In addition, cleaning is required in the spring. This should:

• make sure that the root system is preserved and there are growth buds;
• remove dry leaves and last year's inflorescences;
• remove unnecessary shoots, leaving the main bushes.

Top dressing is carried out using universal mineral compositions for flowering. When preparing the solution, the doses indicated by the manufacturer should be observed, since excessive fertilization can lead to a lack of flowering.

Watering incense is exclusively in dry weather.

Overflow can be detrimental to the root system of the flower and will lead to decay. During the period when buds appear, watering is recommended to be increased by 15-20%, which will contribute to abundant flowering.

The soil must be mulched to maintain the optimum root temperature. If the roots come out, which happens quite often, then they may dry out under the sun. Under natural conditions, dry leaves of the plant cover the soil and protect the roots as protection for the roots.

For decorative flower beds, dry leaves are removed, and mulching of the root system of the flower is carried out with peat or sawdust, sand, coniferous needles.

Pest control is soil dependent and is standard for this group of flowers. In addition, it is very important to control pests not only in the flower bed, but also throughout the surrounding area.

For the winter, young plants are sheltered from freezing.

Types and varieties

The most common species is thick-leaved bergamot. Based on this type, a lot of varieties have been derived:

Britten variety

This variety is often called "apple blossom" because of its delicate pink flowers.

Purple Glocken variety

This variety has the most fragrant purple inflorescences.

Abbenglute variety

This cultivar blooms with vibrant, velvety pink flowers.

Morgenrote variety

This variety is no less beautiful, but blooms a little later. Flowering occurs in July

Badan, or bergenia(Bergenia) is an evergreen perennial of the saxifrage family. In early spring, as soon as the snow melts and the sun begins to warm up, inflorescences appear among the large leathery leaves of the berry. Peduncles grow and bloom at the same time, when a peduncle appears on it, the first bells open almost immediately, the higher it becomes, the more tiers of bells appear, the peduncle can reach a height of 20 to 60 cm.The flowers can be white, pink, scarlet, purple or dark -lilac, depending on the variety of badan. Flowering also, depending on the variety, lasts about two months; there are remontant varieties of badan that bloom several times. After flowering, bergenia forms fruit-capsules with seeds.

The very first berry flowers bloom in mid-April. Big, leathery leaves add decorativeness to the badan. A luxurious flowering berry bush, framed with large bright green leaves in early spring, will revitalize every corner of the garden. Since badan in the wild often grows on rocky mountains and has a powerful aboveground rhizome located in the upper soil layer, it will feel great on a garden alpine slide. In the summer after flowering, the berry will be an excellent background for other flowering plants, and in the fall, its leaves, accumulating nutrients for the winter, will begin to change color to reddish or a purple border will appear along the edge of the leaf.

On the picture badan heart-leaved.

Propagation of badan.

It is better to plant incense in partial shade, since the roots protruding on the soil surface need protection from the heat. The soils are favorable, loose and moist, but the badan does not tolerate prolonged stagnation of water. It has been growing in one place for more than 10 years; frequent transplants also have a bad effect on the growth of bergenia. Badan looks good and coexists in shady flower beds, next to irises, ornamental sedge or hosta.

Most often, bergenia is propagated by dividing the bush, cutting rosettes or sowing seeds. Badan seeds are sown in boxes in March, then dived and planted in a permanent place at the end of June. For the winter, young seedlings are covered with fallen leaves. Young badans will bloom in two years.

Badan is planted with cuttings from May to August. Separate the rosette at the faded berry and slightly deepen it into the ground by 1-2 cm. The berry is propagated by delenders in early September, separating the 15-20 cm long aboveground rhizome with three buds from the bush, plant it, slightly deepening for better rooting. For the winter, it is necessary to cover the plants to avoid freezing.

Badan care pretty simple. In the spring, so that it grows faster, bergenia is spilled with warm water. Badan is fed two weeks after flowering with complex mineral fertilizer - 1 tbsp. spoon for 10 liters of water for 2 sq.m.

In badans, leaves gradually die off, which are removed after they separate themselves, so badan saves its rhizomes from overheating, if old leaves are removed immediately, then the soil should be mulched and constantly watered.

Some varieties of badan can freeze slightly, so for the winter they should be covered with at least fallen leaves, and in early spring, as soon as the snow melts, the leaves are removed.