Sunstroke Bunin what a genre. Analysis of the story "Sunstroke" by Bunin

The story "Sunstroke" by Bunin was written in 1925, published a year later in "Sovremennye zapiski". The book describes a fleeting romance between the lieutenant and a young married lady, who met while traveling on a motor ship.

main characters

Lieutenant- a young man, impressionable and ardent.

Stranger- young, beautiful woman, who has a husband and a three-year-old daughter.

During a trip on one of the Volga steamers, the lieutenant meets a beautiful stranger who is returning home after a vacation in Anapa. She does not disclose her name to a new acquaintance, and each time she responds to his insistent requests with "a simple lovely laugh."

The lieutenant is amazed at the beauty and natural charm of his fellow traveler. In his heart ardent, passionate feelings flare up. Unable to restrain them in himself, he makes the woman a very unequivocal offer to go ashore. Suddenly, she easily and naturally agrees.

At the very first stop, they go down the ladder of the motor ship and find themselves on the pier of a small provincial town. Silently they go to a local hotel, where they rent "a terribly stuffy room, hotly heated by the sun during the day."

Without saying a word to each other, they “so frenziedly suffocated in the kiss” that in the future they will remember this sweet, breathtaking moment for many years to come.

The next morning, the "little nameless woman," quickly dressed and regaining her lost prudence, prepares to go. She admits that she has never been in a similar situation before, and for her this sudden outburst of passion is like an eclipse, a "sunstroke".

The woman asks the lieutenant not to board the ship with her, but to wait for the next voyage. Otherwise, "everything will be spoiled," and she wants to remember only this accidental night in a provincial hotel.

The man easily agrees and escorts his companion to the pier, after which he returns to the room. However, at that moment he realizes that something in his life has changed dramatically. Trying to find the reason for this change, he gradually comes to the conclusion that he was head over heels in love with the woman with whom he spent the night.

He rushes about, not knowing what to do with himself in a provincial town. The sound of a stranger's voice is still fresh in his memory, "the smell of her tan and gingham dress", the outlines of her strong elastic body. To distract himself a little, the lieutenant goes for a walk, but this does not calm him down. Suddenly he decides to write a telegram to his beloved, but at the last moment he remembers that he does not know "neither her last name, nor her first name." All he knows about the stranger is that she has a husband and a three-year-old daughter.

Exhausted by mental anguish, the lieutenant sits on the evening ship. It sits comfortably on deck and admires the river scenery, "feeling ten years older."

Conclusion

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Ivan Alekseevich Bunin

"Sunstroke"

They met in the summer, on one of the Volga steamers. He is a lieutenant, She is a lovely little, tanned woman (she said she was coming from Anapa). “… I'm completely drunk,” she laughed. - Actually, I'm completely crazy. Three hours ago I did not even know about your existence. " The lieutenant kissed her hand, and his heart sank blissfully and terribly ...

The steamer approached the pier, the lieutenant muttered imploringly: "Let's get off ..." And a minute later they got off, on a dusty passage they reached the hotel, went into a large, but terribly stuffy room. And as soon as the footman closed the door behind him, both of them gasped in the kiss so frenziedly that for many years later they recalled this moment: neither one nor the other had ever experienced anything like this in their entire life.

And in the morning she left, she, a small, nameless woman, jokingly calling herself "a beautiful stranger", "Princess Marya Morevna." In the morning, despite an almost sleepless night, she was as fresh as at seventeen, a little embarrassed, still simple, cheerful, and already judicious: “You must stay until the next boat,” she said. - If we go together, everything will be ruined. I give you my word of honor that I am not at all what you might think of me. Nothing even similar to what happened has never happened to me, and there will never be any more. It was as if an eclipse had come over me ... Or, rather, we both got something like a sunstroke ... ”And the lieutenant somehow easily agreed with her, took her to the pier, put her on a steamer and kissed her on deck in front of everyone.

He returned to the hotel just as easily and carelessly. But something has already changed. The number seemed different. He was still full of her - and empty. And the lieutenant's heart suddenly sank with such tenderness that he hastened to light a cigarette and walked up and down the room several times. There was no strength to look at the unmade bed - and he covered it with a screen: “Well, this is the end of this 'road adventure'! He thought. "And forgive me, and already forever, forever ... After all, I can't come to this city for no reason, no reason, where her husband, her three-year-old girl, in general her whole ordinary life!" And this thought struck him. He felt such pain and such a uselessness of his entire future life without her that he was seized by horror and despair.

“What is it with me? It seems not for the first time - and now ... What is so special about her? Indeed, it’s like some kind of sunstroke! And how can I spend the whole day without her in this backwater? " He still remembered her all, but now the main thing was this completely new and incomprehensible feeling, which was not there while they were together, which he could not have imagined, starting a funny acquaintance. A feeling that there was no one to tell now. And how to live this endless day, with these memories, with this insoluble torment ...

I had to save myself, occupy myself with something, go somewhere. He went to the bazaar. But at the bazaar everything was so stupid, ridiculous that he fled from there. I went into the cathedral, where they sang loudly, with the consciousness of a fulfilled duty, then for a long time circled around the small neglected garden: “How can you live peacefully and generally be simple, careless, indifferent? He thought. - How wild, how absurd is everything everyday, ordinary, when the heart is struck by this terrible "sunstroke", too great love, too much happiness! ".

Returning to the hotel, the lieutenant went into the dining room, ordered lunch. Everything was fine, but he knew that he would die tomorrow without hesitation, if it was possible by some miracle to return her, to express to her, to prove how painfully and enthusiastically he loves her ... Why? He didn't know why, but it was more necessary than life.

What to do now when it is no longer possible to get rid of this unexpected love? The lieutenant got up and resolutely went to the post office with a ready-made phrase of the telegram, but stopped at the post office in horror - he did not know either her last name or her first name! And the city, hot, sunny, joyful, reminded Anapa so intolerably that the lieutenant, with his head bowed, staggering and stumbling, walked back.

He returned to the hotel completely broken. The room had already been tidied up, devoid of the last traces of it - only one forgotten hairpin lay on the night table! He lay down on the bed, lay with his hands behind his head and gazing intently in front of him, then gritted his teeth, closed his eyes, feeling the tears rolling down his cheeks, and finally fell asleep ...

When the lieutenant woke up, the evening sun was already yellowing behind the curtains, and yesterday and this morning were remembered as if they had been ten years ago. He got up, washed, drank tea with lemon for a long time, paid the bill, sat down in the cage and drove to the pier.

When the steamer set off, a summer night was already blue over the Volga. The lieutenant was sitting under a canopy on the deck, feeling ten years older. Retold Natalia Bubnova

Essays

What is the peculiarity of the plot of the story?

(The story begins without an introduction, as if it is a continuation of some story. The writer seems to grab a piece of life - the brightest piece, like “sunstroke.” The heroes have no names, just she and the woman and the man. it is important to show the feeling itself and what it does to the person.)

Why does Bunin not mention the reasons for the sudden love of the heroes?

(The story is very short, it omits long descriptions, omits the reasons that pushed the characters to each other. This remains a mystery that cannot be solved.)

What is the peculiarity of the portrait of the heroine?

(Bunin does not describe the appearance of the heroine, but highlights the main thing in her - a simple, adorable laugh speaks of how "everything was lovely in this little woman.")

What Bunin describes a stranger after a night in the room?

(“She was fresh, as at the age of seventeen she was very slightly embarrassed; she was still simple, cheerful and already sensible.”)

How does she explain what happened to them?

(“It was as if an eclipse came over me ... Or, rather, we both got something like a sunstroke.” The woman was the first to understand the acuteness of what had happened and the impossibility of continuing this too strong feeling.)

What has changed in the room since she left that reminds of her?

("The number without her seemed like something completely different than it was with her. It was still full of her - let it be. Only the smell of good English cologne and an unfinished cup remained, but she was gone ...".)

What impression did this make on the lieutenant?

(The lieutenant's heart suddenly sank with such tenderness that he hastened to light a cigarette and walked up and down the room several times. The lieutenant laughs at his "strange adventure", and at the same time "tears are pouring into his eyes."

What is the role of detail in this story?

(At the beginning of the story, details of the heroine's portrait: “Little strong hand a light canvas dress smelled like tan "- emphasize the naturalness, simplicity and charm of a woman. Several times the word "small" is encountered - evidence of defenselessness, weakness (but at the same time strength - "a small strong hand"), tenderness.

Other details (the smell of cologne, a cup, a pushed back screen, an unmade bed, a hairpin forgotten by her) reinforce the impression of the reality of what happened, deepen the drama: "He felt such pain and such a uselessness of his entire future life without her that he was seized with horror and despair." The steamer is a symbol of separation.)

What does such a seemingly small detail mean - a hairpin forgotten by the heroine?

(This is the last trace of the "little woman", visible, real. It is important for Bunin to show that the feeling that flared up after a fleeting meeting will not leave the hero.)

What new feelings did the lieutenant have?

(All the feelings of the lieutenant seem to be sharpened. He "remembered her all, with all her slightest features, remembered the smell of her tan and gingham dress, her strong body, the lively, simple and cheerful sound of her voice." torments the lieutenant: this is a strange, incomprehensible feeling. He does not know "how to live the whole next day without her," he feels unhappy.

This feeling is gradually transformed: “Everything was good, there was immeasurable happiness in everything, great joy ... and at the same time, the heart was simply torn to pieces.”)

Why is the hero trying to free himself from the feeling of love?

(The "sunstroke" that struck the lieutenant was too strong, unbearable. Both the happiness and the pain that accompanied him were unbearable.)

("Sunstroke" is accompanied by natural heat, which aggravates the feeling of loss. The hot streets cannot dispel the pain of separation and longing. Nature in the story emphasizes the strength of a sudden outbreak of feelings and the inevitability of separation.)

Too much love - why is it dramatic and even tragic?

(It is impossible to return a loved one, but it is also impossible to live without her. The hero cannot get rid of sudden, unexpected love, the "sunstroke" leaves an indelible mark on his soul.)

How did the experiences of the past day affect the hero?

(The hero feels ten years older. The instant of the experience he experienced made him so acute that it seems that almost a whole life has been contained in him.)

Final questions for the story:

1. How should the title of the story be understood? What is the meaning of the writer in the epithet "solar"? How does this meaning vary throughout the story?

2. Explain how Bunin paints the inner world of a person. With whom of the Russian writers of the nineteenth century can you compare the techniques used by him? psychological analysis?

3. Give examples of ring composition of a piece. Can we talk about the absolute identity of "beginnings" and "ends"?

Output:

Love in Bunin's works is dramatic, even tragic, it is something elusive and natural, blinding a person, acting on him like a sunstroke. Love is a great abyss, mysterious and inexplicable, strong and painful.

Tasks:

1. What is the difference between the interpretation of love in the stories "Light Breath", "Grammar of Love" and "Sunstroke"?

2. What cross-cutting images-motives are present in Bunin's stories about love?

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Date the page was created: 2016-02-13

Writer Ivan Alekseevich Bunin is bright representative literary creation an entire era. His services on the literary front have been appreciated not only by Russian critics, but also by the world community. Everyone knows that in 1933 Bunin received the Nobel Prize in Literature.

The difficult life of Ivan Alekseevich left an imprint on his works, but in spite of everything, the theme of love runs through all his work as a red stripe.

In 1924, Bunin began to write a series of works that were very closely related. These were separate stories, each of which was an independent work. These stories are united by one theme - this is the theme of love. Bunin combined five of his works in that cycle: "Mitya's Love", "Sunstroke", "Ida", "Mordovian Sarafan", "The Case of the Cornet Elagin". They describe five different cases the emergence of love out of nowhere. The very love that strikes at the very heart, overshadowing the mind and subordinating the will.

This article will focus on the story "Sunstroke". It was written in 1925 when the writer was in the Alpes-Maritimes. How the story arose later, the writer told Galina Kuznetsova, one of his lovers. She, in turn, wrote it all down in her diary.

A connoisseur of human passions, a man who can erase all boundaries in front of a wave of feelings, a writer who owned a word in perfect grace, inspired by a new feeling, easily and naturally expounded his thoughts as soon as an idea was born. Any object, any event or natural phenomenon could serve as a stimulator. The main thing is not to waste the received feeling, and fully surrender to the description, without stopping, and perhaps not completely controlling yourself.

The plot of the story

The storyline of the story is quite simple, although one should not forget that the action takes place a hundred years ago, when the morals were completely different, and it was not customary to write about it openly.

On a wonderful warm night, a man and a woman meet on the ship. They are both warmed up with wine, there are magnificent views around, the mood is good and there is a lot of romance everywhere. They talk, after that they spend the night together in the nearest hotel and leave when morning comes.

The meeting is so amazing, fleeting and unusual for both that the main characters did not even recognize each other's names. This madness is justified by the author: "I have never experienced anything like this in my entire life, neither one nor the other."

The fleeting meeting impressed the hero so much that he could not find a place for himself after parting, the next day. The lieutenant realizes that only now he understood what happiness can look like when the object of all desires is nearby. After all, for a moment, even if this night, he was the happiest person on earth. The tragedy of the situation was also added by the realization that most likely he would not see her again.

At the beginning of their acquaintance, the lieutenant and the stranger did not exchange any data, they did not even recognize each other's names. As if dooming yourself in advance to one and only communication. Young people retired with one single purpose. But this does not denigrate them, they have a serious excuse for their action. The reader learns about this from the words of the main character. After a night spent together, she seemed to conclude: "It was as if an eclipse has come over me ... Or, rather, we both got something like a sunstroke ..." And this sweet young woman wants to believe.

The narrator manages to dispel any illusions about the possible future of a wonderful couple and reports that the stranger has a family, a husband and a little daughter. A the main character when he caught himself, assessed the situation and decided not to lose such a beloved object of personal preference, he suddenly realizes that he cannot even send a telegram to his night lover. He does not know anything about her, neither name, nor surname, nor address.

Although the author did not pay attention to detailed description women, the reader likes her. I would like to believe that the mysterious stranger is beautiful and smart. And this incident should be perceived as a sunstroke, nothing more.

Probably, Bunin created the image of the femme fatale, who represented his own ideal. And although there is no detail either in appearance or in internal filling heroine, we know that she has a simple and adorable laugh, long hair, since she wears hairpins. The woman has a strong and elastic body, strong small arms. About her grooming can be evidenced by the fact that close to her there is a subtle scent of perfume.

Semantic load

In his work, Bunin did not concretize. There are no names or titles in the story. The reader does not know which steamer the main characters were sailing, in which city they made a stop. Even the names of the heroes remain unknown.

Probably, the writer wanted the reader to understand that names and titles are not important when it comes to such a sublime feeling as falling in love and love. This is not to say that the lieutenant and the married lady have a great secret love. The passion that flared up between them, most likely, was initially perceived by both of them as an affair during a trip. But something happened in the soul of the lieutenant, and now he cannot find a place for himself from surging feelings.

From the story you can see that the writer himself is a psychologist of personalities. This can be easily traced by the behavior of the protagonist. At first, the lieutenant parted with his stranger with such ease and even joy. However, after a while, he wonders what is it about this woman that makes him think about her every second, which is why now the whole world is not pleasant to him.

The writer managed to convey all the tragedy of unfulfilled or lost love.

The structure of the work

In his story, Bunin described, without pretense and embarrassment, a phenomenon that the common people call treason. But he was able to do it very subtly and beautifully, thanks to his writing talent.

In fact, the reader becomes a witness of the greatest feeling that has just been born - love. But it happens the other way around chronological order. Standard scheme: peering, acquaintance, walks, meetings, dinners - all this is thrown aside. Only the acquaintance of the main characters that has taken place immediately leads them to the climax in the relationship between a man and a woman. And only after parting, satisfied passion suddenly gives birth to love.

"The feeling of the pleasure he had just experienced was still alive in him, but now the main thing was a new feeling."

The author conveys feelings in detail, placing emphasis on such trifles as smells and sounds. For example, the story describes in detail the morning when the market square is open, with its own smells and sounds. And from the nearby church bells can be heard ringing. It all seems happy and bright, and contributes to an unprecedented romance. At the end of the work, all the same seems to the hero unpleasant, loud and irritable. The sun no longer warms, but beats down, and one wants to hide from it.

In conclusion, one phrase should be quoted:

"The dark summer dawn faded far ahead, gloomy, sleepy and multicolored reflected in the river ... and the lights floated and floated back, scattered in the darkness around"

This is what reveals the concept of love of the author himself. Once Bunin himself said that there is no happiness in life, but there are some happy moments that need to be lived and appreciated. After all, love can appear suddenly, and disappear forever. Sadly, but in Bunin's stories, the heroes constantly part. Perhaps he wants to tell us that there is a lot of meaning in separation, because of it, love remains deep in the soul and diversifies human sensitivity. And it all really looks like sunstroke.

Illustration for the story of IABunin "Sunstroke"

In the work of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, love is always tragic, and sometimes it does not save, but leads to death. The heroes of his famous works do not know family and quiet happiness, so as not to break the love boat about everyday life.

Story "Sunstroke" in its own way amazing and diverse. The writer analyzes in it a serious personal problem: a choice that has consequences. The heroes make their choice and find themselves far from each other, with no hope of reunion.

This work tells about the unexpected love that broke out between the main characters - a lieutenant and a beautiful stranger. Ivan Bunin does not give them names in order to show that they are - ordinary people, and their history is not at all unique. The couple is not ready for a big and bright feeling, and they have absolutely no time to understand it, since they have only one night they spend enjoying each other. When the time comes to say goodbye, the lieutenant does not think about what mortal melancholy will attack him after his beloved leaves the ship forever. Precisely before his eyes, his whole life passes, which is measured, and is now evaluated from the height of the tender feeling that has imprisoned him in chains.

The meeting between the lieutenant and the stranger became a "sunstroke" for both of them: blinded with passion, and then devastated their souls. IA Bunin shows us that every person has a need to love and be loved, but in his story this love is devoid of illusions. Not everyone can take on such a great responsibility - be in love... For the heroes of this story, love turned out to be an immense happiness that they could not afford.

"A beautiful stranger…"

Obviously, with this work, the author wanted to show the dramatic outcome of love. Bunin never wrote about happy love... In his opinion, the reunion and kinship of souls is a completely different feeling, which has nothing to do with passion that rises to heaven. True love, as already mentioned, comes and goes suddenly, like sunstroke.

Meanwhile, each of us is free to choose what to do in a given situation. The meeting of the heroes was an attempt to drown out the disturbing voice of a yearning heart.

Love, which the lieutenant realized too late, almost ruins him, deprives him of the joy of life; he feels "ten years older." As if looking for salvation from the surging tenderness, he rushes into the city, wanders around the market, passes people and feels terribly lonely. This bittersweet feeling prevents him from thinking and looking at the world soberly. He knows for sure that he will never meet his stranger again.

The love that Bunin describes in his works has no future. His heroes can never find happiness, they are doomed to suffer. "Sunstroke" once again reveals Bunin's concept of love: "Having fallen in love, we die ..." .

Dorofeeva Alexandra