Which roll roofing material is more durable. Characteristics and recommendations for choosing a roll type roof. The most common are

Recently, roll roofing has been used quite often not only in industrial buildings, but also in private ones.

The main limitation of its use is the slope of the roof itself, which should be no more than 30 degrees.

The advantages of this coating include:

• long time of operation;
• ease of installation;
• quick repairs if necessary.

In addition, such a roof has an aesthetic appearance, has waterproofing properties, and is not afraid of wind and shock loads.

A soft roof is optimal for arranging a flat roof, but it can also be used on those with a slight slope.

Types of roll roofing

The appearance of a soft roll roof is a material rolled into a roll. For its production, a special technology is used, which is developed in two different ways.

The first type includes a coating based on cardboard or fiberglass. A bonded binder mixture in the form of tar or bitumen is applied to it in a special way.

For the second type, a base material is used, obtained by heat treatment, some mixtures of special fillers and additives, which are subsequently rolled into canvases in a special way.

All roofing materials must necessarily comply with SNiP, and their production technology must be followed exactly.

Roll roofing materials include the following types of coverage:

• Roofing material, which is made on the basis of cardboard. It has a relatively low cost and high waterproofing properties;
• Rubemast made of the type of roofing material. It has a similar composition, but contains a protective film that is applied to the parts to be welded;
• Euroruberoid. Its main advantage is that it perfectly withstands temperature extremes, severe frosts, and also has a tight junction angle;
• The membrane covering is a novelty in the class of this type of roofing materials. It is noted for its high durability and can be quickly assembled. Its production technology is based on the latest developments;
• Isol roofing is also considered a roll roofing. Isol is the result of recycling waste rubber. This material has high indicators of waterproofing, elasticity, plasticity, waterproofing;
• Brizol - roll roofing material is obtained from a mixture of petroleum bitumen, which is able to resist not only water, but also various gases, has a tight abutment slope.

Polyisobutylene is used to produce a GMF coating, which has high quality indicators, which affects its durability, as well as optimal waterproofing properties.

Also, roll-type roofing materials include polyethylene film, however, it has a number of significant drawbacks and not quite a tight junction slope.

How to choose a roof covering

All types of such soft roofs are used for flat and slightly sloped roofs. They have their own designation, which consists of some numbers and letters.

Selecting such a coating for arranging the roof should be based on its purpose and the recommendations of SNiP, which will subsequently increase its service life.

Roofing made of roll materials allows solving a number of tasks to increase the waterproofing of the roof.

This coating, due to its specific properties and the deposited base, is quite easy to install, and if necessary, it can be quickly repaired without serious investment.

If we compare roll roofing with other similar materials, then it has a relatively low cost.

In addition, it has a low weight and dimensions, which makes it possible to reduce transportation costs.

The technology of installation of this material with a deposited base does not cause any particular difficulties, as well as in its subsequent maintenance.

All work related to the arrangement of a roof with a soft roll roof, as a rule, does not take much time and does not require the involvement of a large number of workers.

Such a coating, laid in accordance with the requirements of SNiP, increases the waterproofing properties of the roof.

Advantages of roll roofing

If the rolled roof complies with SNiP and is laid in accordance with all the rules, then you can guarantee a low noise level, excellent waterproofing properties, and besides, all defects will be hidden.

To all the listed advantages, you can add full compliance with the highest fire safety requirements.

A modern roll roofing with a weld-on base can serve for at least twenty years without major repairs, and possible defects can be eliminated in a short time.

If it is necessary to disassemble the coating, then this will take a minimum period of time.

Installation of a roof with a roll-type roof

Before proceeding with the installation of a roll roof with a weld-on base, it is necessary to draw up a preliminary plan of all work, which will take into account the recommendations of SNiP.

In it, it is necessary to reflect each node of the surface, take into account possible defects, calculate the angles of abutment to the parapet.

The video below shows material about the device of a soft roll roof.

This work map will subsequently help not only to facilitate labor, but also to reduce costs.

Previously, the roof must be cleaned of debris, all existing defects must be eliminated, the slope must be calculated.

It should be remembered that for a flat roof and one on which the slope is up to 5 degrees, it is covered in 4 layers of roll roofing. With a slope of up to 15 degrees - in 3 layers.

For this type of roof, the surface must be flat. Despite the fact that it is self-adhesive, there should be no debris or defects left under it. The entire technology of this type of work is detailed in the SNiP.

Important! Before starting the installation, the rolls must be rolled out and kept in this form for a day, while the surface to be welded must be at the bottom.

During installation, it is necessary to ensure that all nodes have a minimum overlap, and on a flat roof it may be slightly less than on the one that has a slope.

It is necessary to avoid adjoining rolls to each other, as this can subsequently cause various defects.

The video below shows the installation of a soft roll roof.

The map that was drawn up before starting work should take all this into account. Two people will be able to cope with the installation of the roll cover.

At the first stage of work, regardless of whether the roof is flat or has a slight slope, part of the roll is adjusted to the surface area, all corners and junctions are checked, including the parapet.

After that, the roll is turned away and an adhesive base is applied to it, as well as on the roof surface. Further, the technology provides for gluing the roll to the base.

Each knot is carefully smoothed. Care must be taken to ensure that there are no defects. Then the process is repeated until the entire roof is covered.

In the event that the technology is violated in some area, disassembly and re-laying of the coating must be carried out.

Roll type roof repair

During the operation of the roof, the material of its roof for various reasons can be disturbed, which will certainly affect the waterproofing.

The repair of roll roofing should be trusted by those who have experience in this area.

First, you should identify all the defects present, check each node and the angle of abutment to the surface.

The surface to be welded, its condition and composition is also monitored. Before you start all the restoration work, you need to draw up a plan.

In addition, an appropriate map must be developed in accordance with SNiP.

The work plan and map should take into account the scale of work, the composition and types of materials required. Work begins with the dismantling of damaged areas.

In addition, the technology provides for drying the surface, all detected defects are eliminated.

After the complete disassembly has been completed, it is necessary to cut the roll material into appropriate pieces.

Then, if the technology and plan require it, then the adhesive is heated, which is applied to the surface and material.

All sections of the abutment of the old roof to the roof must be carefully tamped.

All edges and corners of the parapet abutment, if any, as well as each knot must be carefully processed and smoothed.

If during the work small defects appear, then disassembly must be carried out, after which the roof is laid again.

Of course, work is easier to do on a flat roof, but if there is a slight slope, then problems should not arise.

In the event that minor damage is detected, then the disassembly of the flat roof surface and the one with a minimum slope may not be carried out.

At the same time, the plan and work map may also not be drawn up, which is allowed by SNiP.

Repair, in this case, is carried out with liquid rubber, which is used to process all damaged units.

It can also walk on the parapet. There are types of roll coating, the base of which is self-adhesive.

They can be used for repair work when roof dismantling is not necessary.

The video below shows the repair of a rolled roof (soft) using mastic.

In most cases, various types of roll roofs are used for flat roofs. They are quickly installed and easily repaired, without a complete disassembly of the old surface.

This material is quite durable and provides high rates of waterproofing of the entire roof, if laid in full compliance with the requirements of SNiP.

In addition, the roll roofing device assumes its use in various climatic conditions.

Most of the materials for soft roofing are produced in rolls. They are intended for flat or pitched roofs, but with a low slope - up to 30 °. Roll roofing materials are rarely mounted on pitched roofs with a slope of more than 15 ° - under their own weight they slide off the slope. They have a low cost, are easy to install, modern materials allow them to be used without repair for 10-25 years. This is the warranty period given by manufacturers for materials. But how long the roll roofing will be used depends largely on how well it is made. Even the best materials will not save you if you perform poorly. Therefore, many owners of summer cottages or private houses prefer to do everything on their own, with their own hands. Let's talk about the main points of the roll roofing device with mechanical fastening (on nails and self-tapping screws) or using mastic and let's talk further.

The width of roll roofing materials is standard - 1 meter, the length of the roll can vary significantly - from 7 to 20 meters, the characteristics vary in even wider ranges. So, in order to choose a material for a roll roof, you need to understand the types.

Classification by type of basis

The choice of roll material for a soft roof should be started by clarifying its basis. They are:

The best and most durable materials for roll roofing are based on polyester. Their service life is 15-25 years. They are expensive, therefore they are usually used as an upper - roofing - coating, and the lower, lining layers are made from a material that is cheaper, usually based on fiberglass or base materials (as a waterproofing coating).

Binder types

The base of the roll roofing material is coated on both sides with an astringent protective compound. This could be:

• bitumen (Hydroizol based on asbestos paper, Glass roofing material);
• tar, bitumen-tar compositions;
• rubber-bitumen composition (Stekloizol)
• rubber-polymer;
• polymeric.

The best characteristics are for rubber-bitumen and polymer-bitumen compositions. Some of them are designed for use in severe frosts - up to -40 ° C, some of them tolerate high temperatures well - up to + 150 ° C.

Folgoizol - foil is glued to the bitumen-polymer binder on one side

For regions with high temperatures, there are foil-based roll roofing materials - Folgoizol. A bitumen-rubber or bitumen-polymer binder is applied to the foil from the bottom side. Due to the reflective properties of the foil, the roof temperature will be 20 ° C lower. The front surface can be painted with weather-resistant paints and varnishes. Folgoizol bends well, is cut, nailed with roofing nails. There are roofing (FC) and waterproofing (FG).

Appointment

Roll roofing rarely consists of a single layer. Depending on the slope and complexity of the structure, from two to five layers are laid. The lower ones are used for waterproofing, retaining heat and improving sound insulation. They are called "lining", in the marking they are designated by the letter "P" (the letter that reflects the purpose of the material is in second place).

The top layer should be more durable, it bears the main mechanical load, climatic and natural factors affect. The most expensive materials are used for this layer. They are called "roofing" and are designated by the letter "K".

Types of protective coating

The binders used in the production of roll roofing materials require protection from the effects of weather factors. Spreads of varying degrees of grinding are used as a protective layer:

In the marking, the letter indicating the type of sprinkling is worth the third. Roll materials used for lining are sprinkled on both sides with a fine-grained or dusty powder. Its task is to prevent it from sticking together in a roll.

On the back side of the roofing roll material, fine-grained or dust-like crumbs are also applied, and on the front side - coarse-grained or flake, which not only protects the coating, but also makes it look more attractive. To give an even more aesthetic look, the sprinkles are painted in different colors. These are usually red, gray, burgundy, brown, green and blue.

Mounting method

Most of the materials for roll roofing are fused onto the base. For this, special burners are used, connected to cylinders with liquefied gas. With their help, the lower layer of the binder is melted, adhering to the base or already laid material. This technology is used on flat roofs covered with reinforced concrete slabs (for example, in garages).

In private housing construction, flat roofs are very rare in our country. On small houses, this is usually a gable roof, less often a gable roof. The rafter system and lathing of these roofs are wooden, the use of open fire on them is a big risk and the owners of summer cottages or small houses are looking for a roll roof that does not need to be welded. There are also such materials. Some of them are fastened with mastic, some are nailed (about them a little lower). There are materials with a self-adhesive layer. All that is needed is to remove the protective film, roll out the material and press it tightly.

Roll roof base

Fusion roll materials are usually laid on flat concrete roofs. In some cases (when repairing garage roofs), they can be laid on a metal base. In this case, the roof material itself is the basis. All that is needed is pre-treatment with liquid waterproofing. There are two options:

On pitched roofs with a rafter system, a continuous base is required for rolled roofing materials. Most often, a solid crate is made of plywood, OSB, edged or grooved boards. But these bases are flammable and it is impossible to fuse a roll roof on them with a burner. Then they use materials for roll roofing with a mechanical installation method (slate nails) or glued to mastic.

There are several more options for non-combustible materials from which you can make a base for a roll roof - these are flat slate, DSP, GVL and profiled sheet (galvanized). On these bases, special pads and long pointed self-tapping screws with plastic sleeves are used for fasteners.

Any prefabricated bases are made of sheet material with a thickness of at least 8 mm, laid in two layers. The second layer is placed so that the seams of the first layer overlap with the sheets of the second (with offset seams).

Materials for roll roofing without fusing

There are not very many of them, but they are. Fastening method - with roofing nails (galvanized with a wide flat head), on a special mastic (usually on a mastic for shingles). Some have a self-adhesive base protected by a plastic film. This film is removed during installation by rolling the laid part with a heavy metal roller, trying to avoid the formation of air bubbles.

So, the materials that are attached to the mastic with nails have a self-adhesive base:

As you can see, there is a choice. True, there are only two categories - very cheap and expensive materials, but you can choose based on plans for the near future. If you need a temporary option - to cover the roof, for several years - you can use cheap materials. If the roll roofing is arranged for a long time, it makes sense to use expensive ones.

Roll roofing device without fusing

Regardless of what the base of the roof will be, it must be flat, dry and clean. No debris or dust. Only pure material.

You can make a roll roof on a pitched roof, but you will have to use certain materials that are intended for this and follow the rules and recommendations. The thing is that roll roofing materials have a fairly solid mass. Without proper fixation, they slide down under their own weight. To prevent this from happening, special measures are needed. Here are the rules for installing a roll-top roofing with mechanical fastening:

• When the slope of the slope is less than 15%, the fabric is rolled parallel to the slope. Laying begins from the bottom, moving up.

  

• With a slope of more than 15%, the canvases are rolled from top to bottom. To prevent them from sliding under the influence of gravity, they are usually laid with an overlap over the ridge. If possible, you can roll up both slopes in one roll. But in this case, the ventilation hole in the ridge area is blocked. Then, for ventilation of the attic, it is required to make separate ventilation pipes.
• Note: when using modern materials for a two-layer roofing cake, a perpendicular arrangement of layers is not allowed. Laying takes place in one direction only. In this case, the seams of different layers should be displaced relative to each other. The minimum horizontal displacement is 300 mm, vertical joints must be at least 500 mm apart. To offset the seams, one of the layers starts with a roll cut in half.

  

• When laying the panels, it is necessary to roll them out, taking into account overlaps. The side overlap must be at least 120 mm, the end overlap at least 150 mm.

  

• In those places where there are any structural elements on the roof (outlets of heating and ventilation pipes, dormer windows, abutment to the wall, etc.), the roofing carpet is reinforced with an additional layer. Uniflex EPP or Technoelast EPP are recommended.
• When entering vertical surfaces (pipe, parapet, adjoining wall, etc.), the material is glued to the mastic over the entire area, and, if possible, is fused.
• The installation scheme of the fasteners depends on the angle of the roof slope, the height of the building, and wind loads in the region. The most common installation is in the corners of the roof (25 cm pitch). Here are the largest wind loads. Fasteners are installed a little less often in the marginal zone (up to 35 cm) - here the loads are medium. Fasteners are least often installed in the central area of ​​the roof (up to 50 cm).

  

• Nails are driven in at least 10 mm from the edge.
• Each strip is attached at the edges, and sometimes in the middle.
• The horizontal joints of the canvases are fixed with galvanized steel strips, into which self-tapping screws are screwed, the second option is with nails or self-tapping screws with a washer with a diameter of at least 50 mm.

  

• The perimeter of the roof, along the overhangs, around all structural elements, along the valleys, hammer in additional fasteners in increments of no more than 25 cm.
• At least 4 nails are hammered around small-diameter pipes.

Sealing the pipe outlet

In places where pipes or antennas come out through the roofing cake, an additional layer is laid. It is glued to the mastic directly on the base. To seal the passage of a round pipe through a rolled non-fusion roof, a special rubber shaped element is used. It is an elastic cap with a rubber skirt. It happens for pipes from 110 mm to 250 mm in diameter.

The rubber cap is pulled over the pipe and lowered so that the skirt lies freely on the base. The bottom of the skirt is coated with mastic, it is well pressed. Having stepped back from the edge of the skirt 10 mm, install the fasteners with a step of not more than 200 mm. The joint between the rubber cap and the pipe is filled with a suitable sealant (for stove pipes, the sealant must be heat-resistant).

Further, roofing material is spread from above, which is additionally fixed around the pipe with nails or self-tapping screws with washers. The installation step of the fasteners is no more than 250 mm, but there must be at least 4 fasteners around the pipe.

Joint with vertical structures (abutting a wall, brick pipe)

At the junction of the roof with the vertical wall, an additional layer of underlayment is laid. It must extend onto a vertical surface by at least 250 mm, and at least 200 mm must lie on the slope. The entire surface of the additional layer is coated with mastic, it is well pressed. After that, the upper part is still attached with a metal edge strip. It is attached to a vertical surface with self-tapping screws with washers of at least 50 mm in diameter. The joint of the rail with the wall is filled with polyurethane sealant.

If the roof is insulated, several additional layers can be made to ensure a high degree of tightness (picture above). Each of them extends 100 mm further than the previous one. Each is coated with bitumen mastic, but the bar is nailed only to the topmost one, although the intermediate ones can be fixed with self-tapping screws with washers in increments of 200 mm.

These are all the main points that are necessary when installing a roll roof without fusing.

Much depends on what kind of coating is used to protect the roof of the building. First of all, this can be attributed to the operation time of the structure without performing repair work. However, one should not forget about aesthetics and cost, because this is precisely what the rolled roof is attractive for.

Application area of ​​roll deposited materials

Roll materials are excellent for creating roof coverings with an angle of inclination from 0 to 30 degrees. It can be either a single-slope surface or a structure with several slopes. Flat roofs of modern buildings, or a sloped roof of a country house, can be built using roll materials.

Today, the demand for such coatings is very high, because they have a significantly longer service life than those materials that were available just a decade ago. The roof could serve only five years, and then it required repair. After 10 years, the roofing carpet has already been replaced.

Nowadays, the service life of such materials reaches 25 years.

What is a hardfaced roll roofing?

As the name implies, it is a roll material produced in two ways. The first is intended for the manufacture of basic coatings and consists in processing a base made of cardboard or fiberglass with a binder mixture, which can be tar or bitumen. The second manufacturing method is designed to obtain base materials. In this case, special methods of heat treatment of binder mixtures are used, which contain special additives and fillers, after which the resulting mass is rolled into webs.

All roll materials can be divided into cover materials, and those that do not have a layer of refractory bitumen, reinforced with fillers or additives.

Types of main roll materials

• Roofing material. Roofing material, created on a cardboard basis, was used back in Soviet times, but it is still popular today, since it is one of the cheapest coatings. Glassine is a lining material, which is a special roofing board impregnated with petroleum bitumen. It is manufactured in accordance with GOST 2697-83. The main disadvantage of glassine and roofing material is their low service life, which is more than compensated for by its low cost.

• Rubemast. This is a weld-on roll roofing obtained using technologies similar to roofing material. This material has a special protective film that prevents the layers from sticking together and protects the front side of the rubemast covered with granite chips from abrasion. The service life in this case is also short, but the installation is much easier than in the previous case.
• Glass roofing material. It is produced using fiberglass or polyester as a base. This material is much more reliable than bitumen impregnated cardboard. The presence of a solid base made it possible to significantly increase the service life of the material, which can reach 15 years, and the resistance to accidental damage is much higher here.
• Euroruberoid. This type of coating is also weldable, but it differs in that it can withstand quite strong temperature drops and severe frosts. The service life of the material is approaching three tens of years, and the number of layers required to create a reliable roofing carpet is minimal.
• Membrane coating. This material is one of the latest developments. It has high durability and quick installation. An alternative are self-adhesive materials, which, in warm weather, just need to be rolled out on the roof, after removing the protective film from the back side. The disadvantage of self-adhesive compounds is their cost.

Baseless roofing materials

One of the most attractive features of such coatings is the absence of a rigid structure, due to which they easily accept deformations of the insulated base without reducing the degree of protection. Base materials include:

• isol;
• brizol;
• films.

Isol. This material is obtained from waste rubber, which is devulcanized in a bituminous environment. After this procedure, the introduction of a fibrous filler, for example, asbestos fibers, as well as a number of additives is carried out. Isol is elastic, resistant to decay, and easily tolerates deformation even at low temperatures. This material is waterproof, bio-resistant and ductile. Its properties are preserved in a wide temperature range (-30 .. + 100 С). Isola's main application is roof waterproofing.

The tensile strength of the material is up to 0.4 MPa, and the water saturation per day is less than 1% by weight. The weight of 1 m2 is only 1.5 kg. The inner side is protected from sticking in the roll using talc, chalk or other material of similar properties. There are only two types of isolate: the first of them is I-BD, which does not have polymer additives, and the second is I-PD, which contains special substances.

Brizol. It is a baseless roll-type material made from a mixture of petroleum bitumen of various viscosities with rubber. As a rule, shredded and recycled car tires are used here, as well as special plasticizers and fillers. In percentage terms, the composition is as follows: 60% is bitumen, 30% is rubber and 12% is asbestos. The proportion of the plasticizer is small (2-5%).

The manufacturing technology of the material makes it chemically resistant. It can withstand 40% sulfuric acid, 20% hydrochloric acid and tolerates heating up to 60 C. Such properties determined the purpose of brizol, which is used to insulate a flat sloped roof, laid with a layer of up to 35 mm. One of the features of the material is the ability to retain not only water, but also various gases.

Brizol sheets are supplied in the form of rolls, the inner surface of which is coated with a finely dispersed mineral powder, which avoids sticking of the material during storage and delivery.

GMP. The abbreviation hides a waterproofing material obtained from polyisobutylene. It is of high quality and durable. There are 3 brands of GMF designed to create multi-layer flat roofs, waterproofing and vapor barrier.

Film materials are also baseless. These include all well-known polyethylene films and polyamide materials. The main advantage of the films is their minimum thickness and almost complete waterproofing, as well as low weight.

Plastic wrap is a good waterproofing material, but it is not without its drawbacks. The main one is the effect of ultraviolet radiation, which destroys the structure of the film. The strength of the material allows it to withstand 4..8 MPa tensile strength. The heat resistance of the film is high and reaches 140 C, and the minimum temperature at which flexibility is maintained is -60 C.

Polyethylene film is a frost-resistant waterproof material that can also be used for warm roofs. Polyamide film differs from polyethylene in its higher tensile strength in the longitudinal direction, and in the transverse direction, this parameter increases significantly. If the thickness of the polyethylene varies from 0.03 to 0.15 mm, then the polyamide film can be from 0.055 to 0.12 mm

Designation of roofing materials

Each type of coating has its own designation, consisting of numbers and letters. The first symbol is a letter indicating the type of material, for example, "P" - roofing material. In second place is the type of coating, which can be: "P" - lining, "K" - roofing, "E" - elastic. The type of external dressing is denoted by the third letter: "Ch" - scaly mica, "M" - fine-grained, "P" - dust-like and "K" - coarse-grained. The conditional-graphic designation of the material is completed by the brand. This is a figure showing the density of the cardboard or its weight per square meter. The higher it is, the stronger the material will be.

Sometimes one more letter appears in the designation - "O". She says that the material has one-sided dressing.

It is worth using coatings in accordance with their purpose, since otherwise the service life will be much shorter.

Advantages of roll roofing

Rolled soft roofing is a relatively inexpensive versatile material that has a low cost compared to other types of roofing. The advantages of roll roofing should be attributed, first of all, to the low weight of the material. This allows you to reduce costs for both transportation and installation.

The second feature of these coatings is that such material does not need to be regularly serviced, and the installation itself does not cause any particular difficulties. Unlike other methods of roof protection, it is not so long to install a soft roof.

Another advantage of a properly designed roofing cake using roll materials is low noise level and good waterproofing. Moreover, modern coatings meet high fire safety requirements.

It is worth mentioning that modern roofing material has a very long service life, which means that the roof will require repair no earlier than in 15-20 years.

What is roll roofing made of?

Today, the raw materials for the main type of materials are:

• polyester;
• fiberglass;
• fiberglass.

Polyester is the most expensive and reliable base. It is a synthetic material made from polymer fibers. It will withstand elongation up to 60%, and the tensile strength is almost 35 kgf / cm. The service life of polyester is also quite long.

Fiberglass is made from interwoven strands of fiberglass. To create roofing materials, two types of fabrics are used - smooth and frame. The former are obtained on the basis of twisting threads coated with a sizing agent and forming a material having various types of weaving. The main advantage of smooth glass fabrics is their low cost, and the disadvantage is that deformation is possible during transportation or storage. In particularly difficult cases, bitumen delamination may even occur.

Frame fiberglass is made from flat glass rovings intertwined with glass thread. Such a base is attractive in that it does not break, and practically does not deform. It is she who is used in the case when it is required to make modern roofing material. Fiberglass is the most durable base, however, in general, the type of bituminous binder used is also influenced. If its quality is low, then the roof itself may not live up to expectations.

Above, the main aspects related to the materials used when creating a welded roll roof were considered. Most of the attention was paid to the materials themselves, and the technology of their laying remained behind the scenes. In the event that you need it, our website has additional information regarding the installation of such coatings.

Roll roofing materials are constantly being improved. Previously, they were used only on flat roofs, now, with the development of the production of new brands, they are also used on pitched structures. Let's see what manufacturers offer and how a soft roof with a roll coating is carried out.

Roll roof characteristics

Roll roofing is usually classified as a budget, it is in demand when installing flat and pitched roofs on industrial and utility buildings.

Roll roofing materials are actively used in the construction of industrial buildings, warehouses and outbuildings

The popularity of roll coatings is due to their undeniable advantages:

• low cost;
• ease of installation;
• high laying speed;
• no noise during rain or wind;
• high thermal resistance - materials heat up less in the sun and cool down in winter than metal and ceramic coatings.

These materials also have disadvantages:

• inexpressive appearance;
• flammability;
• low strength;
• short service life.

But the generalizing characteristic does not reflect the true state of affairs, since due to the constant development of technologies among roll materials, a noticeable stratification has emerged both in price and in quality. Therefore, each variety should be considered separately.

Types of roll materials

Roll roofing is divided into several types.

Bituminous and tar materials

This variety has the lowest cost. Outdated manufacturing technology is used: the cardboard is impregnated with bitumen or tar. On the covering materials intended for laying at the very top, an armoring powder of stone chips is applied to protect against mechanical damage and ultraviolet radiation.

This group includes:

• roofing material - refractory bitumen is used;
• glassine - low-melting bitumen (used for internal hydro and vapor barrier or in the inner layers of the roofing cake);
• roofing felt - has a base of tar.

The advantages of such materials are as follows:

• relatively low weight;
• resistance to chemically active substances;
• low price.

However, they have many disadvantages:

• low speed and complexity of installation - preparation and application of hot mastic to the surface, on which the coating is glued, is required;
• low frost resistance - there are pores where water enters and then, freezing, destroys the material;
• instability to ultraviolet light (bitumen and mastics become brittle) and temperature extremes (cracks appear);
• loss of plasticity at low temperatures - installation is allowed at temperatures not lower than +20 o С;
• fragility of the cardboard base - the material is fragile and decays over time.

Because of these features, the service life of bitumen roll coatings is 5–7 years.

The situation is slightly better with new varieties of bitumen-based materials, in which aluminum or copper foil is used as a armor layer. This technology is used to make:

Bitumen-polymer materials

In everyday life, bitumen-polymer coatings are called euroruberoid. They differ from ordinary roofing material in the following features:

• polymers are added to bitumen (up to 12%);
• the basis is a non-decaying durable material - polyester, fiberglass or fiberglass.

As a result of the innovations, the materials received a number of additional advantages.

1. Increased ductility - coatings are less prone to cracking. Not only the binder (polymer-bitumen mixture) is plastic, but also the base: glass cloth stretches by 2–6%, polyester - by 30–50%.
2. High frost resistance (up to -50 o С).
3. Increased heat resistance (up to +120 o С).
4. Possibility of installation in the cold season: the materials remain plastic even in frost.
5. Simplicity and high speed of installation. There is no need to use mastic - the materials are fixed by fusion: the lower surface is heated with a gas burner until it softens, after which the panel is glued to the base.
6. Extended service life - 15–20 years.

Inexpensive brands of euroruberoid have a smaller operating temperature range - from -25 to +90 o C.

In terms of cost, euroruberoid surpasses ordinary roofing material, but due to the long service life, the costs of the device and the maintenance of the roof in the long term turn out to be half as much. Rolled materials with polymer-bitumen binder are produced under many names: bikrost, glass bite, rubemast, linokrom, atakton, bikroplast, glass melt, luberite and many others.

Polymer additives are used in different ways, but most often these are:

• atactic polypropylene (APP) - synthesized as a by-product in the polypropylene production process;
• styrene-butadiene-styrene rubber (SBS).

The effect of polymers on bitumen is not the same. So, when APP is added, the material becomes resistant to ultraviolet light, and the limiting temperature at which plasticity is maintained is -15 o C. Bitumen with the addition of SBS remains plastic even at -25 o C, but becomes brittle under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and therefore needs a protective powder from mineral chips.

For most manufacturers, it is customary to use designations in the form of several letters in the marking.

1. The first is the base material:
   • E - polyester;
   • T - fiberglass;
   • X - fiberglass.
2. The second is the type of topcoat:
   • P - polymer film;
   • TO - coarse-grained stone chips;
   • M - fine-grained sand.
3. The third is the bottom cover:
   • P - polymer film;
   • M - fine-grained sand.
4. Additional:
   • F - there is foil in the structure;
   • C - a suspension is applied (dusty dressing).

There are bitumen-polymer materials without a base. They are called that - baseless. Rubber from old tires and other used products acts as modifiers in them.

Both bituminous roofing material and polymer-bitumen euroruberoid are produced in rolls 1 m wide and 10–20 m long. Information on the composition of the material is displayed in a marking consisting of three letters and a number indicating the density of the base (weight 1 m 2).

The following disadvantages are common to these materials.

1. The maximum slope of the slope is 25 o. In the heat, the binder softens greatly and slides down at high slopes. Because of this danger, in practice, they avoid using bitumen and bitumen-polymer materials with slopes above 15%.
2. The need to lay the material in 3-5 layers.
3. The need in the overwhelming majority of cases to use mineral powder to protect against ultraviolet radiation.

Considering the need for multilayer laying, some manufacturers are trying to produce special panels, for example, from three polymer-bitumen layers, alternating with two bases.

Video: how to choose the right euroruberoid and not overpay

Diaphragms made of synthetic rubber and petroleum resins

Membranes are a new generation of roll materials, there is no bitumen in their composition. Manufactured from EPDM (a type of rubber), EPDM or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

Materials of this type have a number of positive qualities:

• the angle of inclination of the ramp is not limited;
• the roll width reaches 15 m, because the coating contains a minimum number of seams;
• resistance to oxidation, including ozone;
• UV resistance;
• high frost resistance - up to -60 o С;
• strength;
• elasticity;
• the possibility of laying in one layer;
• service life over 25 years.

Membrane roofing is the most expensive type of roll materials, but due to the long service life in the long term, the installation and maintenance of the roof is 4 times cheaper in comparison with traditional roofing felt and twice as much as with bitumen-polymer materials.

Leading manufacturers of roll materials

The number of manufacturers of roll waterproofing materials in Russia is several dozen. The most famous are several brands.

Technonikol

A large Russian concern with many foreign representations. He began his production activity in 1993 with one plant in Vyborg. To date, the Technonikol company owns 38 factories. It has its own research center (since 2004), which allows the company to independently create new, more advanced materials and technologies.

The trading network of the Technonikol company covers 37 countries. It is the largest manufacturer and supplier of waterproofing and thermal insulation materials in Europe.

In the line of rolled bitumen-polymer surfacing materials, there are several positions for various purposes and for various operating conditions, for example:

Overheating is dangerous for the materials to be welded. This is out of the question with TechnoNIKOL products: when the optimum temperature is reached, a pattern appears on the surface.

Roofing material "Technonikol" - High-quality roofing. ADVANTAGES: High quality, reliable, fast, long service life. DISADVANTAGES: Expensive. Good evening, site users. For a long time, the roof in the garage required repair, because for thirty years the old roofing material had become completely worn out. For a long time I could not decide what to cover the roof, who advised with slate, but the problem is that with a small slope it very quickly becomes unusable (during thaws, and then severe frosts, the water in the waves freezes and expands, which leads to microcracks and cracks in the slate) , who advised covering the old-fashioned way with roofing felt, but at the same time the question arose about the preparation of resin, which, in turn, is not cheap and the purchase is only from 500 kg, and you need to heat it either with firewood (otherwise a fine, if with a tire), or gas, for which you also need to pay. And then one day someone left a business card right at the gate for roofing work, called and made an appointment. The guys offered three types of roofing and I opted for Uniflex. This is a high-quality rubberized coating that is laid on the prepared concrete (it is processed with liquid bitumen) using a gas burner. I must say that the pleasure is not cheap (one ten-meter roll costs 1600 rubles), but a forty-year guarantee. Roofing works took no more than 5 hours, covered 40 sq. M. I think it's better to do it once than to redo it a hundred times. I am satisfied with the work and the coating.

ssvvir

http://otzovik.com/review_693460.html

Icopal

Danish company founded in 1876. By now it has become one of the world's largest manufacturers of roofing materials. It has 37 factories and 4 research centers. The sales network includes 95 representative offices around the world.

Icopal's representative office in Russia was opened in 2003. Two years later, a plant for the production of roofing materials with the latest equipment was opened in the Vladimir region (Petushki). The following products are produced:

After the production was located in Russia, domestic consumers were able to purchase high quality materials from a world-famous brand at an affordable price.

In addition to these items, Icopal produces PVC membranes:

• reinforced - for the device of flat and exploited roofs, protection of passages;
• unreinforced - for the device of abutments.

"Neftekhimprom"

Financial and industrial group, into which the group of companies "Maxim" was reorganized in 1997. It includes a number of major enterprises, including: Togliatti Sintezkauchuk, OJSC Novokuibyshevsk Petrochemical Plant, OJSC Novomoskovsk Orgsintez.

For roofing, the manufacturer offers a membrane "Kromel" made of synthetic rubber EPDM. Until recently, this polymer was not synthesized in our country and the domestic industry could not offer a worthy alternative to imported rubber membranes, for example, from Carlisle Syntec Systems and Firestone. Now Russian consumers have the opportunity to use a domestic polymer EPDM membrane, which is not inferior in quality to the best imported counterparts, but has half the cost.

Characteristics of the Kromel membrane:

• relative elongation 250%;
• daily water absorption 0.5%;
• the lowest temperature at which the material without cracking bends around a rod with a diameter of 5 mm - -60 o С;
• heat resistance: +120 o C.

This membrane is produced at the Ivanovo artificial sole plant and the Kirov artificial leather plant. It is resistant to all atmospheric factors, perfectly tolerates extreme temperatures and temperature changes inherent in the Russian climate. The fire load when burning the material is much lower than in the case of bitumen roll materials.

Roofing from roll materials

Using roll materials, two types of roofs are built: traditional and inverted.

Traditional soft roof

Traditional roofing consists of the following layers (bottom to top):

The slope is not done if pressed mineral wool or extruded polystyrene foam is used as a heater: along with ordinary plates, wedge-shaped ones are produced - the slope is created with their help.

The purpose of the vapor barrier in this cake is to prevent the penetration of steam from the dwelling into the insulation and further under the waterproofing carpet. A certain amount of moist air seeps even through the concrete slab, and if it is not kept, the steam in the cake will cool down and condense, which will lead to negative consequences:

• mineral wool will cease to retain heat (expanded clay and expanded polystyrene with their closed cells are not threatened);
• in freeze-thaw cycles, the water will destroy the cake materials.

To organize the flow of water in the roof, drainage funnels are installed.

Video: flat roof device

Inversion roof

The inversion roof is designed for intensive use with high loads - up to the passage or parking of cars. The waterproofing coating of roll materials is hidden deep into the cake, where it is protected from mechanical and weather influences. In the end, the cake looks like this (from bottom to top):

• solid base - concrete hollow or ribbed slab;
• deflection;
• reinforced cement-sand screed;
• waterproofing carpet from roll materials;
• waterproof insulation with high strength - extruded polystyrene foam;
• drainage layer in the form of crushed stone or gravel filling over geotextile panels. Filters the water flowing down onto the waterproofing carpet, thereby preventing silting of the drainage system;
• the topcoat is paving slabs on a sand bed or asphalt concrete on a screed.

There is no vapor barrier in this type of roof - this role is played by the roll material itself. Water collection is carried out from two levels: from the waterproofing carpet and topcoat. For this, two-level drainage funnels are used. Instead of rubble on a geotextile substrate, membranes, which are plastic mesh pasted over with geotextiles on both sides, can be used as a drainage layer.

When used as a topcoat for a lawn, the top layer of a waterproofing carpet is made from root-resistant roll materials. This property is provided by a dense polymer shell and a special chemical additive in the material.

In non-insulated inverted roofs, the top layer of the waterproofing carpet is recruited with a special high-strength roll material that allows the laying of hard top coatings up to asphalt concrete directly on it.

Video: inversion roofs - roof garden

Roll roof mounting technology

Preparation for installation of roll roofing is carried out in the following sequence.

If there is no free space for preliminary laying out of the material, the rolls are rewound so that the panels are bent in the opposite direction. The styling procedure is carried out in several stages.

The top layer is recruited from the covering roll material: it differs from the lining material in higher strength and stone powder.

The joints of the roof to the walls, parapet and other vertical structures are sealed in the following order.

The joints to the brick chimney are sealed with a steel or lead collar (flashing) or cement-sand mortar. The passages of round pipes through the roof are sealed with the special parts supplied in the kit - a roof and an apron.

Video: laying euroruberoid

Installation of a roll roof on a wooden base

Under the soft roof, the sheathing is mounted in two ways. With the first, it turns out to be single-layer, with the second - two-layer.

Single layer lathing

A continuous crate of boards 80-100 mm wide and thick is stuffed onto the rafters:

Maximum permissible deviations:

• the difference in heights of adjacent boards is not more than 0.5 mm;
• the gap between the boards is no more than 2 mm.

Two-layer lathing

A more durable option is a two-layer lathing. It is formed like this:

• a crate of unedged boards with a gap of 150-200 mm is perpendicularly stuffed on the rafters;
• on top at an angle of 30–45 o to the crate, a continuous flooring of narrow boards with a thickness of 15–20 mm is stuffed.

All lumber is treated with fire retardants (sulphate clay or superphosphate paste) and an antiseptic. The latter can be made independently by dissolving sodium fluoride salt in warm water (mass ratio - 1:15) at the rate of 250 g / m 2.

The roll material is laid as follows.

Laying membranes

Membranes made of PVC and rubber are extremely easy to install. Three mounting methods are used:

• ballast;
• glue;
• mechanical.

Ballast method

Due to the simplicity and low cost, the ballast method of fastening is used in the first place. The coating is pressed with a load, most often it is:

The specific gravity of the ballast is 50 kg / m 2. Geotextiles are underlain under the crushed stone, which can damage the membrane with sharp edges.

Fixation of the coating with ballast is possible under the following conditions:

• the angle of inclination of the slope does not exceed 15 o;
• the roof, in addition to the snow load, is capable of carrying the weight of the ballast.

Mechanical fastening

If it is not possible to apply ballast, the membrane is screwed to the base with special bolts, anchors or self-tapping screws (depending on the material of the roof supporting structures). Fasteners are available in two versions:

The fasteners are screwed into the overlap points, the size of which in this case is 120 mm (with ballast fastening - 60 mm).

At the edges and on protruding roof elements, the membrane is fixed with strips with a soft sealing insert.

Adhesive fixing method

The glue method is the least desirable due to its high cost and low reliability. Therefore, it is used as a last resort, when it is impossible to fix the membrane in any other way. The glue is applied around the perimeter and in the areas of overlap of the panels. For greater reliability, if the high cost does not scare you, you can coat the entire membrane with glue.

Video: installation of a roofing membrane

Roll roofing materials are becoming more durable and gradually get rid of their inherent disadvantages. The advent of PVC and rubber membranes is a real breakthrough: the coating is quick and easy to install and is virtually seamless. That is why in Western countries ¾ of all roofs are covered with membranes.

Protecting the roof of a building is one of the most important tasks facing the builder. The service life of the coating and the entire structure as a whole depends on what material is chosen and the correctness of its installation. Roll roofing is one of the most attractive materials.

There are several types of roll roofs that differ in both their composition and installation methods.

How is rolled roofing

The roofing device made of roll materials is now very popular. First of all, due to the fact that such a coating is considered the most environmentally friendly, it has a good appearance and great durability, subject to high-quality installation.

The roll roof consists of several layers - heat-insulating, waterproofing, reinforcing and material intended for attachment to the surface. Rolled roofing reliably protects the house from exposure to sunlight and moisture, provides the necessary thermal insulation, which leads to significant savings in heating the premises in winter.

The main advantages of the coating

The specialist distinguishes a number of positive qualities that should be taken into account when choosing a method of coating a roof:

• do not let moisture into the room, but at the same time has good vapor permeability from the side of the room, which ensures a healthy microclimate in the room and prevents rotting of structures and the formation of mold;
• installation of rolled roofing can be carried out both on a flat surface and on pitched roofs;
• retains heat in the room due to good thermal insulation;
• has good soundproofing properties, which will protect residents from loud rain or street noise;
• resistance to damage due to the reinforcing layer and elastic structure;
• ease of repair;
• service life up to 40 years;
• ease of transportation and storage.

The technology of rolling roofing is understandable, but it requires a certain experience and diligence from the employee.

Installation of roll roofing

Bitumen-based roll roofs are laid using the fusion method. The roof surface must be dry and thoroughly free of dirt and dust. Work should be done in dry weather. The roll is heated by a gas burner and gradually rolled along the roof surface. It is necessary to ensure that the surface to be welded is sufficiently heated. You must not walk on a freshly laid roof or place objects on it. Rolls are stacked with an overlap specified in the instructions.

The main difficulty in constructing roofs made of roll materials is the method of abutting vertical roof structures. Such mates are arranged in several layers. First, a lining of bituminous material is laid. It should be wound 30 cm on a vertical surface and attached to it with nails. And only then the roll material is laid. There should be no overlapping rolls on the vertical surface.

Self-adhesive roofing is installed thanks to the adhesive base on the material laid on the primed surface.

Types of roofing roll materials

There are several types of roll roofing materials, their purpose and properties differ from each other and can have a specific scope and installation.

Self-adhesive roofing

It is a multilayer roll material with a reinforcing layer. The adhesive side of the material is reliably protected with special paper. A self-adhesive roof is available with an adhesive side on both sides. This type of roof is used if it is necessary to lay a decorative coating on it.

The technology of self-adhesive roofing is quite simple. It is necessary to clean the surface from dust and dirt, and then treat it with a primer. Further, rolled roofing materials for the top layer are gradually separated from the total mass, the protective paper is removed and glued with a common sheet on the roof surface. For better adhesion of the roof to the roof and greater evenness, it is necessary to level the rolls with special rollers. The self-adhesive roll roof is overlapped and the seams are hot air treated to create a continuous surface.

Roofing rubber in rolls

Roofing rubber is a flexible and durable material with excellent sound insulation. It is used mainly in regions with a cold climate, where additional requirements for thermal insulation are imposed on the roof. Immune to atmospheric precipitation. During installation, it is laid on a bituminous primer.

Roll fiberglass

It is one of the most wear-resistant and durable roll materials for roofing. It does not lose its properties at all from any physical treatment and impact - painting, coating with other types of materials, drilling and sawing.

Roll fiberglass for roofing:

• possesses phenomenal heat-insulating properties, due to low thermal conductivity, comparable to wood;
• characterized by high tensile strength, comparable to steel, which makes it possible to place various structures on it or arrange a summer cafe on the roof;
• fiberglass does not react with atmospheric water and is waterproof, therefore it cannot rot;
• not susceptible to direct sunlight, the operating temperature range is from -40 to + 60 ° C.

The most important advantages of the material is that it does not lose its qualities when kinking and bending. It is also non-flammable and does not require high-temperature air welding during installation.

Fiberglass for roofing

Fiberglass has been gaining popularity as a roofing material for the past 10 years. The reason for this is its excellent resistance to moisture, corrosion and decay. Also, fiberglass has high strength and resistance to chemicals.

Installation of fiberglass roofing has a number of features. It must not be laid on cement or concrete surfaces and must not be allowed to come into contact with bitumen. Fiberglass is rarely used for repairing existing roofs, as it requires special installation and properties of the surface on which it is laid.

You can make a do-it-yourself roofing sheet from fiberglass. To do this, you need to impregnate the fiberglass with a special mastic and cover with a protective film. The result is a durable, well-reinforced material that almost does not bend.

Among other materials, it stands out for its special qualities:

• high strength factor;
• ease of use;
• not susceptible to chemicals;
• good reinforcing qualities;
• resistant to moisture.

These qualities allow fiberglass to be included in the list of the most effective roofing materials.

Bituminous roof covering

Rolled bitumen coatings are baseless and basic. The difference is that the composition of the main materials includes an additional layer of fiberglass or polyester, which increases the rigidity and strength of the material.

Modern high-quality materials are produced using polymers, which significantly increase the life of the coating.

Polymer-based bituminous coatings are laid in one layer, unlike roofing material.

They are also coverless and coverless. Non-covering materials are used as underlays and are intended for vapor barrier of the coating. Covering materials have a layer of dispersed material - sand or mica on top, which provides additional protection.

A bituminous roof covering is arranged by fusion. Expensive and complex equipment for hot air welding is not necessary here. The bituminous coating is laid with a gas burner.

There is such a thing as a combined roll roofing. This is a fairly common type of roofing arrangement, in which there are two directions:

1. Inversion. With this model of the device, the insulation is mounted on top of the waterproofing. This reduces the level of temperature fluctuation.
2. Traditional. With such a device, the waterproofing is laid on top of the insulation. This method is used at technical facilities.

There are two types of materials involved in combined roofs. The advantages of using this method are ease of installation and practicality.

As a result, roll roofing stands out for its convenience and ease of installation with any chosen material for arranging the roof. These advantages allow using roll materials in normal conditions, without requiring special skills and knowledge.

What is the difference between different types of roll roofing - video