Waterproofing works in winter. Roofing works in winter Installation of roofing from flexible shingles

The term "soft roof" means with a straight or inverted arrangement of layers of bitumen - polymer mastics and materials based on fiberglass, fiberglass and polyester cloth.

In this article, we will look at the device in the winter, and is it possible to make a soft roof in winter?

We will also touch upon the issues of operating a soft roof in winter and removing snow from the cover.

To begin with, consider the existing types of soft roofing.

In official documents, a different term is used to designate a soft roof - roll roof.

Design and repair of soft roofs is established by the Code of Rules SP 17.13330.2011 SNiP II-26-76"Roofs".

The document refers to roll roofs as straight and inverted roofs, with an insulation layer made of bitumen, bitumen-polymer material, various membranes and mastics.

With a carpet of roll material with a gravel or coarse-grained coating varies from 1.5 to 10%, from bitumen-polymer material with coarse-grained dressing - from 1.5 to 25%.

To create a slope along a horizontal base, a screed of aerated concrete of monolithic laying is used. The screed can be laid on the base or on the insulation. It is possible to use special shaped panels made of insulated slabs.

Soft roofs with a slope of ≥ 25% are performed subject to the use of hot mastic and rolled material with a heat resistance of 90 ° C, or cold mastic with a heat resistance of 100 ° C.

Soft roof composition with straight layers looks like this:

• Base;
• Slope-forming layer;
• Vapor barrier;
• Insulation;
• insulation from 2 - 4 layers of bituminous roofing material, the top layer has a fine or coarse-grained dressing.

The number of insulating layers is taken taking into account the technical characteristics of the material and the slope of the roof

In the inversion roof, the layers are arranged in reverse order:

• Base;
• Slope-forming screed;
• Waterproofing carpet;
• Insulation;
• Filter material;
• Surcharge from gravel or concrete slabs.

Inversion roofing is performed on large areas and on exploited roofs.

Materials for soft roofing

A large number of roofing materials are produced in Russia. For repairs or installation of a new one
roofs in winter suitable materials with flexibility on a beam with a diameter of 15 cm at a temperature of -25 ° C of the brands Technoelast, Uniflex, Linokrom, Bipolikrin, Bikrost, Krovlyaelast and others.

Common is a bitumen-polymer resin applied to a base made of glass cloth, fiberglass or polyester.

Materials intended for fusion have a special film below that melts when heated - it serves as an adhesive. Roofing materials without film are glued on bitumen-polymer mastics. The materials for the lower layers of the carpet are produced without mineral dusting, the materials for the upper layer are coarse or fine-grained.

Overhaul and minor repairs - what's the difference?

The difference between overhaul and minor roof repairs is significant. To assess the condition of the roofing cake in several places, 1x1 m pits are selected, the number of carpet layers is determined by the exposed areas, the type and condition of the insulation, the presence of a vapor barrier.

Overhaul involves replacement, assessment of the condition of the insulation: if it is not in working order, replacement of the insulation is also required. In the case of the working condition of the insulation, measures are taken to drain it.

NOTE!

For minor repairs on defective sections of the roof, replace the carpet or lay additional layers waterproofing material. When performing repairs or installation by a contractor, each layer of roofing materials requires drawing up acts of hidden works.

Previously used slab heaters made of foam concrete, polystyrene are not able to meet the requirements of the current norms on the resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structures and they are completely changed. In addition, the current standards have tightened the requirements for the vapor barrier of insulation: previously, insulation from moisture vapor from residential and office premises was not required. Respectively, for laying the vapor barrier, it is necessary to dismantle the insulation.

The waterproofing and vapor barrier layers of roofing material, roofing felt, glassine, whose service life is no more than 5 years, definitely require replacement.

Common defects

Defects most often occur due to technology disruption production of work, non-compliance with design solutions, carelessness of staff and lack of care from the owner of the house.

Regular inspection of the roof, timely detection of swellings, vegetation, cracking and delamination of the material can prevent leaks and wetting of the insulation.

Several methods have been developed to detect leaks.

The most effective - filling the roof with water and draining the water after determining the locations of defects is possible on flat roofs and the presence of special equipment.

• Leaks occur after precipitation or within 1-2 days later. Flickering leaks that appear periodically are possible.
• Leaks of the first type indicate mechanical damage to the coating, improper installation or poor-quality carpet material.
• Leaks of the second type appear due to poor-quality sealing of abutments and in case of improper installation of the fence and drainage system.
• Flickering leaks talk about microcracks in the roofing material, insufficient size of aprons at the abutments.

Now let's talk about whether it is possible to lay soft tiles in winter?

Installation of a soft roof in winter

Can a soft roof be installed in winter? Winter is not the best time for roofing work. However, if necessary and following the rules, you can lay a soft roof in winter:

• Laying in winter should be done under a special awning;
• To work with water-based solutions at a temperature not lower than + 5 ° С;
• Thoroughly dry the base before applying mastics and primer;
• The soft roof hardens strongly in winter and becomes fragile, therefore it should be thoroughly warmed up;
• Warm up the carpet material at room temperature before laying within 1-2 days.

CAREFULLY!

The use of gas burners for work on the roof is allowed with non-combustible insulation(stone and basalt wool, fiberglass). When using heaters of the G4 flammability group (expanded polystyrene), fusion should be performed with a construction hairdryer!

The quality of roofing work in winter depends on compliance with the rules for working with materials. Soft roof device at negative temperatures:

1. The base must be flat and dry;
2. The slope screed must mature;
3. Contact of porous insulation with damp materials and screeds is not allowed;
4. Before fusing the waterproofing layer, the surface (insulation, plastered parapets, ventilation shafts) must be primed with a primer;
5. The junction points must be protected with aprons.

Installation of a roof on a flat roof

Laying a soft roof in winter requires more technological operations: warming up the carpet material at room temperature, drying the base, warming up the material before laying with a gas burner or hairdryer. As a result - additional waste of resources and money, low labor productivity. If the requirements of the technological maps of the material manufacturer are observed, laying soft tiles in winter is possible, but economically impractical.

Temperature conditions and roofing

In regulatory documents there is no direct prohibition carrying out repair work on the roof in winter.

The main requirement for the outside air temperature is recorded in SNiP 3.04.01 - 87 "Insulation and finishing works": roofing works can be carried out in the temperature range from -30 to + 60 ° C.

Work with combustible mastics is allowed to be carried out up to -20 ° C.

Work with water compositions without anti-freeze additives - not lower than + 5 ° С.

The ability to perform work depends to a large extent on the technical characteristics of the material. If the passport indicates flexibility on a beam with a diameter of 15 cm at a temperature of -25 ° C, then at -30 it will break.

So, the repair of a soft roof in winter at sub-zero temperatures in detail.

We do repair of a soft roof in winter

Urgent coating repairs in winter can be done two ways:

1. Replace the defect patch from roofing material;
2. Seal the leak with mastic based on polyurethane.

In the first case, the work is carried out as follows:

1. We clean the place of the leak from snow and ice;
2. Dry the leak with a gas burner or a construction hairdryer;
3. The amount of roofing material required for sealing, preheated to room temperature, is evenly heated with a hairdryer or a burner from the bottom side until the pattern changes;
4. We apply the patch to the place of the leak, align from the center to the edges, eliminating the swelling;
5. Glue by tapping with your hands or with a special roller.

The procedure for using mastic:

1. We clean the place of leakage;
2. We dry;
3. We prime;
4. Apply a layer of geotextile to the repaired area, fix it with a stapler to the base;
5. Pour a layer of polyurethane mastic;
6. After polymerization of the first layer (7-8 hours), we perform the second layer of mastic.

Preparing for repair

The first method is faster and easier, the second is more reliable.

After repairing a flat roof in winter, it is advisable to leave there is a 5 cm layer of snow on it for protection from solar radiation and bad weather.

Roof care

A problem noticed in time, a minor defect is easier, faster and cheaper to fix. In order not to bring the roof of the house to, during the calendar year, it is necessary to inspect the serviceability of the coating.

Do I need to clean the soft roof from snow? Yes, definitely!

In winter, it is necessary to clean the soft roof from snow: with a flat roof, heavy snowfall can exceed the permissible load on the roof slabs - and this is a disaster! With a pitched roof, the excess snow will come off during a thaw with an avalanche. Cleaning a soft roof from snow is an obligatory roof maintenance procedure.

Is it possible to walk on a soft roof in winter? Strongly do not recommend to do this, since the coating becomes very fragile in winter and the probability of damage to the coating is high.

This simple inspection will allow you to spot problems in time and make minor repairs.

1. Top floor ceilings - for stain detection;
2. Roofs - for detecting blisters;
3. Roof abutments to parapets and at elevation differences;
4. Fastening of aprons and tightness of fittings.

At subzero temperatures, pay attention to:

• Icicle formation;
• Ice plugs in funnels;
• Icing of wall sections near drainage systems;
• The amount of snow on a soft roof.

Walking on a soft roof in winter is strongly discouraged!

In the fall, clean the roof and drainage system from fallen leaves. The topic of roof repair work is as extensive as the number of roofing materials and technologies. If it is not possible to carry out repairs on your own, there is always the opportunity to contact professionals. The roof of your house requires respect for itself - the durability of the building as a whole depends on its condition.

Useful video

And now we suggest you watch a video on repairing soft tiles in winter:

In contact with

Waterproofing during the cold season is most often a necessary measure. But if it becomes necessary to perform this procedure, you should carefully approach the choice of materials and technology for their application.

In winter, the planned work can be interfered with by heavy snowfall, which can significantly adjust the established time frame. In order not to become dependent on bad weather, you should preventively install an awning over the workplace. It is necessary to remember about other winter surprises - short daylight hours, low temperatures, strong winds, snowfalls. All this can provide additional troubles (clearing snow and ice, drying the surface). Do not forget that the waterproofing device at an outside temperature of less than + 5 ° C significantly affects the result of the work. Roofing materials must be resistant to low temperatures.

When organizing work in a cold period, it is necessary to place storage facilities as close to the workplaces as possible, as well as equipment for the manufacture and preparation of materials and semi-finished products. In addition, assemblies, containers and transport should be adapted to the difficult operating conditions. It is required to build greenhouses and isolate the open areas of the facility from external aggressive environmental factors (wind and precipitation). The production of cement-sand, lining and cold asphalt can be carried out at a temperature of at least + 5 ° C. The device for painting waterproofing is allowed in the temperature range up to -20 ° C.

In the event of atmospheric precipitation, it is required to stop the work being carried out, otherwise the loss of quality cannot be avoided. On the eve of painting waterproofing, you need to warm up the surface to positive temperature values. It is strongly not recommended to use mastics and primers, as well as to stick roll materials on unprepared and damp surfaces.

Cold mastics can be used at subzero temperatures, taking into account several important factors - the material must contain an increased (3-5%) amount of bitumen and have a greater mobility equal to 13-15 cm of immersion of the cone standard.

The table below contains information on the temperature of waterproofing mixtures during manufacture and application in winter:

Waterproofing made on inclined (less than 25%) and horizontal surfaces using hot mastics and mixtures, if it is impossible to thoroughly dry the surfaces, is carried out on a mastic base with a temperature of at least 5 ° C.

Shortly before use, roll materials are placed in a warm place and stored until a positive temperature is reached, after which they are treated with a low-volatile solvent. Waterproofing coatings must be filled with thawed fractions of soil mass with maximum layer-by-layer compaction.

Technological foundations of waterproofing device in winter

• Work in the open air is possible at temperatures above 5 ° C (except for the installation of metal insulation).
• Workplaces must be isolated from aggressive environmental factors.
• The surfaces of the insulated structures must be cleaned of contamination and atmospheric precipitation, and then blown out with compressed air.
• The temperature of the insulating means must correspond to the nominal value indicated in the technological map.
• Heating of surfaces should be done until they reach positive temperature values.
• Synthetic compounds (furan, epoxy, ethynolic) during transportation and storage must be carefully protected from hypothermia, which can lead to the loss of useful properties.
• Emulsion pastes, cement-sand mortars, cold bitumen mastics should be used with frost-resistant additives.
• Inside the premises in which the work is organized, it is necessary to keep warm in the range from +10 to + 15 ° C.
• The protection of waterproofing coatings is covered with well thawed soil or dry sand with maximum layer-by-layer compaction.
• At negative temperatures (below -5 ° C), work to protect structures from water penetration should be carried out in a greenhouse, the temperature inside which should be above + 5 ° C at a half-meter height from the floor surface. When heating temporary building structures using organic binders, the use of open fire is not allowed. If the painting and pasting waterproofing is carried out without a hot air, the insulated objects for mortars and bitumen mastics must be dried and heated to a temperature of at least + 5 ° C.
• The surface to be insulated must be thoroughly dried and heated to + 10-15 ° C.
• Leveling screeds are made exclusively of asphalt concrete heated to high values.
• Working temperature values ​​of hot asphalt mastics should be + 160-180 ° C, cold + 60-80 ° C.
• Before use, roll materials are placed in a warm place (+ 15-20 ° C) for at least 20 hours.
• Transportation of materials from the work site should be carried out in insulated containers, and insulated containers should also be provided for hot mastic and solutions. Roll materials require heating up to + 15 ° C, after which they are rewound.
• During the preparation of concrete surfaces, snow fractions are removed, heated to + 5 ° C and dried to reach 5% moisture content. The surfaces intended for the waterproofing device are pre-primed with liquefied bitumen-polymer means with antifreeze components. With the help of cement-sand mixtures with frost-resistant additives and hardening accelerators (they do not freeze down to -25 ° C), the cavities are closed.
• Painting waterproofing is carried out at subzero temperatures on hot bitumen mastic. In addition, it can be used to apply one layer of waterproofing overlays. It is possible to carry out hot asphalt insulation, provided that frost-resistant additives are used.

As a rule, they try to carry out construction and repair work in a private house in the spring or summer. The explanation for this is simple - favorable dry weather, long daylight hours. It is easy and simple to make roof waterproofing at such a time. However, it often happens that it is not the summer that has to deal with the device of the hydro-barrier. It is believed that waterproofing a roof in winter is a very difficult, almost impossible task. However, modern materials and skillful hands of craftsmen make it possible to refute this judgment.

Winter roofing waterproofing: how to organize everything

In order for the work to go smoothly and end with a positive result in the desired time frame, it will be necessary to take into account several important components of success:

• the roof must be well cleaned of ice, snow, dried with compressed air;
• from above you need to pull an awning that will protect the roof from precipitation during operation;
• when installing hydro-barriers, it is necessary to use additives that lower the freezing point of basic solutions;
• all styling materials must be delivered in insulated containers.

Knowledge of these subtleties will allow you to more correctly organize and carry out waterproofing in winter. Professionals who offer their services on the YouDo website will always help to cope with them.

Roof waterproofing materials in winter

Today, the construction market is filled with all kinds of materials with different quality characteristics that can be used for waterproofing work not only in the warm, but also in the cold season. When choosing them, you need to take into account the type of roof:

• flat;
• pitched.

The most convenient and high-quality materials for flat roofs are considered to be deposited materials:

• bituminous membranes;
• PVC membranes.

They are supplied in rolls and can be used for both full and partial weld deposition (for example, when repairing a specific area). The cost of the services of a brigade of masters for the installation of insulation in your home depends on the area of ​​work and the selected material. And the time of the year - be it autumn, summer, spring or winter - does not matter.

Hardfaced waterproofing of the roof in winter: what you need to consider

In addition to the correct organization of the work process, it must be remembered that effective roofing waterproofing, which is done in winter, must be made of materials that resemble a carpet - in no case from metals. You also need to remember about the need for ventilation so that unnecessary condensation does not accumulate under the roof, which will lead to the development of mold and mildew. Prices for the installation of turnkey waterproofing are negotiated with the team separately. This is perhaps the most profitable way to protect both the house and yourself - by paying the indicated price, you will get a finished result without participating in the repair work. It is not difficult to order the services of masters, to discuss with them the choice of materials for the installation of welded waterproofing. Refer to the YouDo website and your order will be completed promptly and inexpensively.

Outdoor waterproofing work is not recommended in winter conditions. If it is necessary to work in winter conditions, greenhouses are used.

Heat-insulated buildings for waterproofing works should have a simple and stable collapsible design, which allows maintaining a positive temperature (10-15 ° C) in them during the performance of these works. Heating of greenhouses with braziers and other devices operating with an open flame is prohibited.

Waterproofing work in greenhouses is performed in compliance with the following conditions:

• the insulated surfaces are heated until they reach a positive temperature;
• waterproofing materials must have a working temperature.

It is recommended to introduce antifreeze additives into cement-sand mortars when constructing walls and screeds. The temperature of the solution with antifreeze additive should be within the range of 10 - 15 ° C.

Backfilling of trenches and pits during waterproofing works is allowed with thawed soil or dry sand with careful layer-by-layer compaction; the presence of frozen lumps in the soil is not allowed.

Cement-based materials

Waterproofing works should be carried out at ambient air and structure temperatures during the day not lower than + 5 ° С.

Work can be performed at lower temperatures, ensuring the surface temperature of the structure is not lower than + 5 ° C, by arranging greenhouses or using heat guns.

For the preparation of the mortar mixture, clean water with a temperature of + 20 ° C is used.

Cement-based coating waterproofing can be performed both on wet (without free water) and on dry substrates.

Bituminous mastics

Cold mastics (solvent-based)

Work with bitumen mastic is carried out at an ambient temperature not lower than -10 ° C. The surface for waterproofing must be dried and heated to a temperature of at least + 5 ° C.

The working temperature of the bitumen mastic must be at least + 15 ° C. At low temperatures, the mastic must be kept at room temperature for at least 24 hours before use.

Cold mastics (water based)

It is allowed to work with water-based mastic at the temperature of the treated surface and ambient air not lower than + 5 ° С. The waterproofed surface is cleaned of all types of water (ice, frost, free water) by heating and drying.

The working temperature of the mastic should be at least + 20 ° C. At low temperatures, warm up the mastic to the operating temperature before use.

Bituminous membranes

When working with welded roll materials, the ambient air temperature and the temperature of the material itself should not be lower than the flexibility temperature of the material (specified by the material manufacturer).

In the case of work at negative temperatures, it is recommended to keep the rolls in a warm room for at least 24 hours at a temperature not lower than + 15 ° С.

Fusion of waterproofing is not allowed during fog and if there is frost or frost on the surface of the building structure. In such weather conditions, the substrate must be dried, for example using propane burners.

If it is necessary to carry out work in adverse weather conditions (rain, snow), it is necessary to use special hothouse, awnings, sheds, etc., providing the required working conditions.

PVC membranes

When working with PVC membranes, the ambient temperature should not be lower than -15 ° C.

When performing work at temperatures below + 5 ° С, it is necessary to keep the rolls in a warm room at a temperature not lower than + 15 ° С for at least 12 hours.

Installation of PVC membrane is not allowed on wet surfaces (with standing water), as well as during fog, atmospheric precipitation and if there is frost or frost on the surface of the building structure. In such weather conditions, the substrate must be dried, for example using propane burners.

If it is necessary to carry out installation work in adverse weather conditions, it is necessary to use special greenhouses, awnings, awnings, etc., which provide the required conditions for installation.

Bentonite mats

Waterproofing with bentonite mats is performed at any time of the year, in dry weather, at an ambient temperature of at least -20 ° C and relative humidity up to 100%.

Bentonite mats are laid on a prepared substrate, both on a dry and on a damp surface. Standing water must be removed from the surface.

The mats can be laid on a frozen base (free of snow and ice), provided that the base meets the density requirements after thawing.

It is not allowed to perform external waterproofing during ice, fog, excluding visibility within the front of work, thunderstorms, heavy rainfall and at a wind speed of 15 m / s or more.

During long breaks in work or unfavorable weather conditions, the laid bentonite mats are covered with plastic wrap or wooden shields.