Facing base house with artificial material. Facing the base of the house: What material is better - plaster or tile? Artificial and natural stone

The base of the house performs not so much a decorative function as practical. In many cases, it serves to reduce heat losses (it is specifically insulated), it also prevents the spread of atmospheric and underground moisture to the walls of the house. Also transfers the load from the walls to the foundation - if the foundation is ribbon or slab. Therefore, the cladding of the base of the house should be not only beautiful, but also functional. In accordance with this task, the finishing material is selected.

When to start finishing the base

It is best to separate the base after the scene is made around the house. In this case, the finishing material will hang over the path. As a result, even the most oblique rain or flowing through the walls of water streams will not be able to get between the wall and the breakfast - water hits the path at a distance of several centimeters from the place of the joint. Namely through this joint and water penetrates the foundation, bringing dampness and other problems.

Starting the cladding of the base of the house after the scene is made around the house

Another point. Many ponder over the insulation of the base or not. If you want to save on heating, the answer is to warm up, as well as the breakfast. The zode of insulation and cladding of the base is one of the options - is shown in the photo below.

In the device of the warmed base under the finishing stoves the plates of EPPS

When using the basement of the ground floor as residential, insulation, it does not occur, since the answer is unequivocal - of course insulate. But even if you do not have an imagination, the costs of heating will be much reduced, and the floor in the house will become much warmer.

How to bind the base of the house

Materials for finishing the base is very much. Main requirements: moisture resistance, frost resistance, strength. These requirements satisfy the following materials:

Natural stones sawn on the plates (plastic) or the cheat, the so-called "torn stone":
- sandstone (plug);
- granite;
- marble;
- slate;
- dolomite;
- shugnit.
Small cobblestone.
Large river pebbles.
Clinker tile (clinker brick).
Paving tile.
Porcelain stoneware.
Finishing brick.
Facade panels, base siding, PVC panels (these are all names of one material).
Plaster (decorative and "under a fur coat").
Professional flooring.

Some of them are a lot, some costs are insignificant, but they can all be used. Select the material based on the financial capabilities and previously used finishing materials - the aesthetic component plays the last role. On the technologies of finishing the caps of different materials and will be discussed.

Preparation and insulation

First of all, if the existing base is uneven, its surface is leveled with plaster. A mortar for plastering base is used cement-sand: on 1 part of cement (portland cement M 400) 8 pieces of pure construction sand are taken, preferably river. For greater plasticity, you can add some lime or liquid soaps (on the bucket of the solution 50-80 grams). The solution must be medium density: so that not pleasing from the wall. There is another option - use a special composition. For example, such as in the video.

If the laying of tiles, stone or other similar material follows, after aligning the solution on its surface, the tip of the cell (spatula) make notches. They are applied in the form of a grid on the entire surface. These shallow grooves will give the necessary support for decoration.

If the base is insteading, notches are not needed. Epps plates (extruded polystyrene foam) or foam flaps are glued directly to the plastered surface. They are lungs and go well on glue. Their surface is labeled with diluted tile glue and pressed to the plaster. Finishing materials are then fastened to the surface thus prepared.

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Painting, plaster and "fur coat"

In principle, if the plaster is well aligned, after drying the solution, the surface can be painted and stopped at it. It is an inexpensive, but quite a viable option. If the paint took the facade, which is designed for use on the street, a couple of years, the base will have a good look. Then you have to remove the old paint and paint again - to maintain the appearance.

The following method is on top of ordinary plastering to apply a layer of decorative. And again, choose those compositions that are intended for outdoor use. They can be smoked in the desired color or take color. The only minus - plasterers are often porous and clean the mud splashes falling on the walls during bad weather, and sometimes with a detergent.

Types of decorative plaster for decorating the base: beautiful and relatively inexpensive

Until now, in some localities, the method of finishing the base "Under the fur coil" is popular. This is when the solution is applied not to a smooth layer, but in small fragments. Previously, they did it with a broom of twigs. Pickle it into the liquid solution, hit the handle along the stick so that the splashes flew on the wall. So they did a "fur coat" - finishing with a ribbon surface. Today there are special devices for applying plaster operating from the compressor. With their help, make such a finish easier.

Finishing the base of the house with the use of materials in the form of plates or tiles is technologically more complicated. So that it does not fall off, you need to know some subtleties.

How to make a house brick read here.

How to fix porcelain tiles or clinker tiles

If heavy materials such as ceramoranite or clinker bricks simply put on glue, on a plastered surface with grooves, maybe they will hold normally. And they can even simult one time. Even a few years. But then they will start falling off with the solution. Especially in those places where the grooves are not or they have insufficient depth. To improve the clutch, you can apply a layer of impregnation, which improves the adhesion (clutch), but this is not a guarantee, especially if the material is heavy.

The same picture will be, if we glue the materials directly on the insulation. Surface is smooth, glued simply. But after a while the finish will fall. Faster than with a plastered surface. About this - video.

So that this does not happen, it is necessary to secure the metal painting mesh, preferably galvanized. It is fixed with dowels, putting on a dowel-nail piece of galvanized, the size of which is more than the magnitude of the cell. Fasten up, downstairs in the middle and in a checkerboard. It turns out a reliable basis for material of any gravity.

The glue is applied to the base and on the tile. On the tile is removed by a toothed spatula, applied into place, tapping the knob of the Kelma put in place, aligning the plane. The distance between the tiles is withstanding with the help of crosses, only the thickness of them is taken by a significant 3-5 mm.

In general, the laying technology is similar to the tile laying. With the only difference that glue should be special, for outdoor work. The second difference: finishing materials for the base are started to lay down: they are heavy and they need a support. Lay on the bottom of the lower row, on it - the second, etc.

Finishing base houses by natural stone (rikushnyak, granite, dollyt, slate)

As artificial shiny surfaces did not seem attractive, the grungy stone for some reason causes greater sympathy. But putting the foundation from Bout - difficult and not everyone can do so well so that it could stand on it. But to separate the ready-made monolithic or prefaby foundation with natural stump with your own hands can anyone, especially if at least some of the construction works are made personally.

It is clear that no one will fix entire stones: too heavy finish will succeed, and very voluminous. Therefore, he invented a stone to fill or prick. Depending on the technology, it turns out either smooth "plate" - with almost smooth surfaces, or the "torn stone" with an uneven face. Sometimes these materials are cut into identical rectangles, sometimes left in the form of uneven plates, but in any case it is a natural stone and the trim of the base of the house from it turns out beautiful and waterproof.

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There is this material from expensive stones, for example - marble, there is cheaper - slate, dolomite, shignit, lemzit, granite, etc. It looks very impressive. Especially if it is a tornstone, although the plane sometimes looks no worse.

Part of the Natural Finishing Stone Offer in a specialized store

The preparation of the surface will be exactly the same: it is best to fill the painting mesh on the plastered base, and the plates of the stone are already on it already on it. If they are smooth - natural stone with processed edges - laying technology will be one to one to repeat the above described above.

If the stone with torn edges, the decoration of the base of the house becomes more difficult: it is necessary to pick up the plates of such a form so that the seams are not too large. When using this version of the finishing stone, a Bulgarian with a stone disk will be needed: Most likely you will have to direct the plates of the lower and top row. It will take correction and when designing the corners. For example of such technology, see the video.

There is a second way. The plastered surface of the base is first urged to improve adhesion (clutch), then fragments of finishing are installed on it. They are fixed in a predetermined position using cropping of the same stone or pieces of materials of the desired size. The seams remain empty. After the glue "grabbed" the seams are filled with a roasting solution from the construction syringe, as it is necessary to pour and vyting.

In any case, the glue fell to the finish must be deleted in a timely manner. With the frozen to do it, it will be very difficult, and the look at the adhesive is far from attractive.

Sometimes for a clearer picture of the seams between the plates of the stone draws dark paint. Then the surface is covered with protective impregnation. It gives a stone light glitter, as well as often increases water-repellent properties.

An example of the cladding of the base of natural stone by the second technology, see the next video.

About the lining of the house siding is written here.

Clay or fine cobblestone

Boulder or cobblestone is not necessary to buy. It can be scored on the river or on a pebble beach on the sea. The rolled stones choose more flat - round more difficult to "mount". The order of work and all other subtleties are almost the same as in the case of finishing with natural stone. The only difference is these stones need to wash in water with detergent. First, the water in our water bodies can have oils, and they need to be removed, and secondly, they can be in clay or algae, which can cause the finish fall off.

So that everything looked is organically, you can on the track next to the place where you will be facing the base, pre-lay out the "picture" of cobblestones facing. They have different shades and random combinations are far from always attractive. Having all the next to the side you will have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat happens as a result.

About the features of the trim of the base of the cobblestone, see the video.

How to install plastic (PVC) base panels

This type of finish is called differently: base or facade panels, base siding. They have a diverse appearance: under different types of stone, tile, brick.

To install PVC panels on the base, you must collect the framework. It is made from a wooden bar of 50 * 50 mm. Since the finish will be on the street, wood must be protected by impregnations that prevent rotting and protecting from pests.

The base is part of the foundation, which is located above the ground level and prevents the moisture and cold ingestion, protects the facade from various damage and contamination. Also, the base is the supporting structure of the building of the entire structure, thus, there is a strong pressure.

What is necessary to finish the base of the house

To protect the base from the negative impact of natural phenomena and various mechanical damage, it is necessary to pay attention to its finish. Without finishing, it will not perform its main protective function. Since the base is a single whole with a building facade, it performs not only a protective, but also decorative function.

Facing the base is an excellent decorative material. The building with an unlocked base looks neglected and unfinished. The finish will give the entire facade of the building a finished and attractive appearance. The entire appearance of the house will depend on how the base will be decomposed.

Thanks to modern finishing materials and construction technologies, it is possible to ensure that the base of the house will be protected and will not require major repairs over time.

Materials for cladding

Vehicle design options are quite a lot. They differ among themselves on the texture and the properties of the materials used. Each material has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

Walking and painting

Such a finish is one of the inexpensive and available options for most consumers. The main ingredients of the plastering mixture is cement and sand, thanks to which the plaster acquires strength and chemical inertness. As part of plaster, various dyes and additives may contain, thanks to which the plaster acquires decorative color and texture.

Therefore, there is a wide selection of decoration of decorative plaster for every taste. Various modern technologies for applying plaster make it possible to create various embossed and textured surfaces.

The advantages of this type of decoration of the base include the available cost of the material, since the ingredients are not expensive materials. The reliability and strength of plaster is the advantage of this material. At the same time, any scratches or chips are easily reconstructed.

The plaster is good because it can hide all the irregularities of the base. In addition, the plastered base is well tolerated with an increased moisture, cutting and other effects of nature. All these factors will not affect the structure of the coating. The disadvantages of plastering include an unattractive form and the need for an additional coating.

Also, the obvious disadvantage of plaster is that it has no thermal insulation characteristics and does not insulate the surface. In addition, the plaster is short-lived. Sealing cracks and tinted.

A natural stone

One of the practical and durable finishing materials. Most often used sandstone, fine cobblestone, granite or marble. If the laying process was performed under technology, then this finish can be stopped forever.

In addition, it is an environmentally friendly natural material. The unique structure of the stone, the variety of colors and natural shades allows you to choose the finishing material for any color decision of the house. For lining of this type, specially prepared stone plates are used, which may have a different form.

The disadvantages of such a material include a rather high cost and a rather difficult process of laying.

The base of this type will look spectacular and expensive.

Fake diamond

It is an alternative substitute for a natural, but less durable type of material. It has the same beautiful view, strength and reliability. Resistant to negative environmental phenomena and mechanical damage. However, it is significantly cheaper and facing work is lighter. In addition, thanks to fillers and special additives, artificial material can be any shade.

Ceramographic

This is an environmentally friendly material that consists of clay, sand and mineral components. The material has durability, high density and durability, and also has a pleasant appearance.

Using it as a cladding of the base will provide a high level of fire safety of the structure, since the composition of this material includes a refractory clay. In addition, porcelain stoneware has good thermal insulation properties.

Also important advantage of porcelain is high resistance to moisture. The material is not afraid of continuous wetting and perfectly protects the building from water exposure. This type of finish will not only protect, but also decorate the entire design.

Clinker tile

Raw materials for clinker tiles are shale clay.

Clinker lined with clinker tiles will look expensive and beautiful. The appearance will resemble a brick wall. However, clinker tiles compared to brick, lighter and thinner. The trim of the base tile will not only give an attractive view of the whole house, but will help protect against the effects of nature.

Laying tiles are quite simple. The tile material is attached to the facade with a special moisture-resistant adhesive solution, cement glue.

Produced in various colors, it can be both smooth and textured. Fairly acceptable price. The disadvantages include short-term life. Especially negatively affects the winter period, defects on the tile may appear as a result of severe frosts.

Siding

Siding is quite inexpensive material, besides a quick and easy-to-finish external work. It has durability and high quality. The benefits also include moisture resistance of the material. Modern technologies allow you to create facade siding panels of various shapes and colors. The disadvantage of this finish is flammability and deformation in size during temperature drops.

What to choose the type of trim of the base?

All finishing materials for cladding the base have their advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a facing material, remember that interacting with atmospheric precipitation, it must maintain its durable and aesthetic qualities.

First of all, the material should be reliable to serve a long service life. In addition, frost-resistant - to withstand the processes of freezing and thawing and not to be covered by cracks. Also important indicators are water absorption.

Do not forget that the texture of the base part of the building should be combined with the walls and the entire design as a whole. The choice depends, above all, on the design features of the building, from personal preferences and financial opportunities.

As a large selection of materials is available, it allows you to create exactly the decor of the house that meets the personal preferences and design designers.

Technology Finishing Base

Finishing technology of the base will depend on the selected finishing material. As a rule, the finishing technology takes place in three stages: montage of frame, laying insulation, fastening the finishing material.

Of course, one of the simplest finishes is plastered. It is necessary to apply on the surface of the base of the layer of durable plaster. You can perform such work yourself.

The most difficult. For finishing works from natural stone will have to invite specialists. It is necessary to possess certain knowledge and skills. In addition, it will be necessary to further enhance the framework due to the large weight of the material and the stone processing itself requires special equipment.

Facing with an artificial stone is easier, because the material has a small weight and an additional strengthening of the structure of the structure will not need. Therefore, the process of cladding is significantly simplified, the timing of the preparation and performance of work is reduced.

Properly made cladding of the base with the use of good materials will provide the desired microclimate inside the house and will prolong the service life of the building.

Main steps

The entire process of cladding the base can be divided into the preparatory stage and directly laying the finish:

Preparatory stage. Before mounting, the surface of the base must be prepared for further trim. For this, the base must be cleaned from the accumulated dust and dirt, to sharpen the cracks and flaws, align the surface.
Be sure to require a layer of waterproofing and installation of the heat insulating layer.
Then it is necessary to primitive the surface of the base.
When all preparatory work is completed, you can proceed to the trim procedure with facing materials. In most cases, the installation of an additional framework will be required, which will support the design and give it strength.

After completion, it should be covered with water-repellent protective impregnations to extend the life.
The decoration of the house is desirable to spend in the warm season when the weather is dry and sunny.

It is possible to separate the base of the house with various materials that can reliably protect the upper part of the foundation from wetting, solar ultraviolet, mechanical damage. Typically used brick, clinker, stone masonry or siding - polymer panels or composite, high-quality masonry imitating.

In the construction markets there is a facing of any species. Before determining which material is better suitable for the architectural style of the cottage, the following factors must be taken into account:

the protruding base will have to additionally protect themselves;
the minimum layer thickness has a flexible tile, which can be caught a concrete surface;
maximum expanding the design of the base brickwork;
inside the frames that are attached panels, siding or professional flooring, you can lay the insulation to eliminate heat loss through the floors, the floors of the lower floor;
the default frame systems have a greater maintainability, can be updated at any time of operation.

Tip! To decorate the protruding base is better before facing facades, so that, if necessary, hide the top fastening shelf of the molding under the wall material.

Brickwork

To put the base brick, you need to make a separate base for laying. On bunched soils, it is necessary to replace 40 cm soil with rubble and / or sand, rammed layers.

Unlike concrete foundation, this facing material has a twice as smaller resource upon contact with the Earth. Over the underlying layer requires rolled waterproofing in 2-3 layers. To completely eliminate the seating of brickwork, a rigid bunch with a basement is used:

after laying 2 - 3 rows, the deaf holes at a depth of 4 - 6 cm are drilled in the bearing design;
6-10 mm reinforcement connecting the main wall with facing are inserted into them;

It is recommended to use ceramic brick, slit, hollow stone or hyperpressed modifications. The laying is carried out exclusively with spoonful rows in Polkirpich. To eliminate the wool's bridge, which is essentially the construction of the base, basalt wool or extruded polystyrene foam can be laid between facing brick and carrier design.

Important! The insulation must be docked with the thermal insulation of the facade or start at the top of the base inside under the layer of wall cladding in the absence of thermal insulation.

Clinker

You can separate the ground part of the foundation of the house with clinker tiles. The budget will be approximately equal to brick facing masonry. However, this material has some benefits:

the maximum possible operational resource from all known cladding;
the presence of finished angular (external / internal) elements;
fastening to walls, no need for its own foundation;
slight loading of the power frame due to the small weight of the clinker;
high artistic value of decorative coating.

There are different types of clinker tiles that mimic the masonry, torn, rock, polished stone. Therefore, you can choose an option for designing the base in full accordance with the architectural style of a private cottage.

The clinker tile is mounted with glue solution, the panels from this material are attached to the frame. The first option does not allow you to warm up the ground part of the foundation, the second allows you to install polystyrene foam inside the crate.

Tip! There is a clinker tile for steps, allowing it when finished with the same base the base to achieve maximum aesthetics of the perception of facades.

Polymerpess tile

The inexpensive embodiment of the base of the house is the polymer-sand composite, from which the tile of different formats is manufactured. This material is very lightweight, practically does not load the design of the foundation, is attached either on a frame crate, or on tile glue.

The texture usually simulates a natural stone or brickwork. Material moisture resistant, with a minimal expansion coefficient, sustainable solar ultraviolet, aggressive media and mechanical damage. The tile is cut by manual hacksaw in any direction, you can pick up any format to reduce cut waste.

Important! Doblyo elements for this cladding do not exist, therefore, an accurate fit in the corners and pairing is required.

A natural stone

If there is a cheap natural stone in the region, it is possible to separate the base of the house by this material. This option is more suitable for seasonal accommodation buildings, in which the outer insulation of the underground and the above-ground part of the foundation is not required. The heavy material is planting a solution or tile glue, significantly loads the power frame of the cottage, does not hold on the insulation.

Granite, gravel, dolomite stone has high strength and moisture resistance. However, with a cladding, many dissolved seams are obtained, which indicated characteristics do not have initially. Therefore, finishing costs increase on the purchase of a wapse, which ensures the waterproofing of the joints.

Important! The stone cannot be fastened on the frames, so the maintainability of the cladding is zero.

Fake diamond

Of all the modifications of the artificial stone for trimming the base of the house, concrete slabs with a decorative outer layer are usually used. To improve the characteristics, the material is modified by moisture-resistant additives, painted by mass to increase the wear resistance of the face surface.

Fastening an artificial stone standard - adhesive layer after processing the basement of the primer. This cladding can be used with any facade coatings. Integration into the exterior and the architectural style by default is high.

Tile, Ceramographic Tile

To separate the cafeter or porcelain book the base of the house, you will have to first align the surfaces. The thickness of the adhesive layer should not exceed 1 cm, modifications can be used only for external work.

Porcelain stoneware is much stronger, the tile has a wider range, richer selection of textures, colors and formats. Therefore, when using tiles, it is possible to reduce the flow consumption. The material slightly loads the foundation, the seams are maintained by special moisture-resistant compositions.

Important! Tile is not a full-fledged waterproofing material. Therefore, the surface of the base before facing can and need to be treated with a primer, to deceive with bitumen mastics. On the glass hydroimol, the tile does not hold.

Plaster

The budget option for finishing the base of the house traditionally is the leveling of surfaces with plastering, spacion solutions. However, these materials require protection against moisture, additional decoration. Therefore, they are painted with water-emulsion, dispersed, acrylic, acrylate and oil compositions.

The same materials are used in wet facades, as they are quite firmly held on polystyrene foam or basalt wat when using reinforcement grids. Therefore, the base of seasonal operations can be simply attached and painted, the base house of permanent residence is better to warm and twist and cover the decorative plaster.

Ground Siding

With a limited budget for the building, a facing of vinyl basement siding is better fit. Despite the name, the facades outside the whole are often separated by this material. For example, a budget "carcass" can be completely seen by the base siding, giving the brick cottage architecture.

Photo of the vinyl base siding panel, imitating brick.

Unlike standard linear panels, the base siding is produced in the form of modules with dimensions of about 1.2 x 0.5 m 18 - 30 mm thickness. The texture usually simulates a stone or masonry, the panels have locks to connect to each other. Inside the frame of the frame, you can lay the insulation, reducing the heat loss of the building.

Important! The widespread range of good siding is. In addition to these and corners, manufacturers produce start-up, finish planks and beammers for securing panels.

Proflist

Facing the ground part of the foundation of the professional flooring is a budget option. The facades at the same time are obtained low artistic value, so it is better to use this cladding for the surplus buildings. Installation is carried out on a frame from a bar or a galvanized profile, fixed on the base outside.

Sheets can be recorded on run rivets or self-drawers. For the professional foot there are good elements that allow efficiently decorated with external and internal angles, set over the cells of the scenes.

Important! When choosing a professional flooring, there is practically no waste of cut, as you can order the sheets of the necessary height mounted without fitting.

Flexible tile

This method of facing the ground part of the foundation in principle is not the target use of roofing facing. The flexible tile is very thin, there can not even hide minor defects of flatness, so requires perfectly even base.

This decoration technology is more suitable for the bandwidth of the columnar or pile-woodworking foundations. Over the supporting vertical elements, the lamp is stuffed or fastened, the asbetic sheets are hung on them, their surface can be flown with flexible bitumen tiles, additionally consolidated by self-draws. Usually choose the types of tiles as similar to the stone.

The use of composite materials composite materials from fiber cement to finish the house of composite materials makes it possible to provide 20-30-year-old resources. The panel is created from a mixture of cement and wood fibers with hot pressing, the outer surface is laminated or covered with a protective layer. Made under the simulation of various materials - wood, brick, stone.

In addition to the weather resistance and self-sufficient design of the facial part, fibro-cement panels have self-cleaning properties. Dust and dirt are washed off with rains or water from the hose. Panel locks are supplemented with sealing elements that ensure high tightness of the facing layer.

Stock Foto Cool from fibric panels

Thus, the base can be decorated with a multitude of ways depending on the existing construction budget, the architectural style of the building and the preferences of the owner. It is necessary to navigate on the coating resource, the weight of the facing, the thickness and price of materials.

The base cladding performs an important function - protection of the base of the house. In addition, being part of the facade, it has a decorative meaning. How to make a base and what materials for this to use?

Features

The base of the building, that is, the protruding part of the foundation in contact with the facade provides protection and improving the heat efficiency of the structure. At the same time, it is subjected to increased mechanical loads, more others experience the impact of moisture, chemical reagents. In winter, the base is freezing, as a result of which it can collapse.

All this causes the need to protect the base, for which special heat and waterproofing materials are used, more reliable finish.

We must not forget that this part of the house is a continuation of the facade, so it is important to take care of the aesthetic attractiveness of finishing materials for the base.

Among the basic technical requirements imposed on the basement materials are distinguished:

High moisture resistance - It is important that the moisture from the outer surface of the base does not penetrate through the thickness of the decoration. Otherwise, it will lose its attractive appearance and lose operational characteristics. There will be a wing of the insulation (if any), the surfaces of the base. As a result, a decrease in the heat efficiency of the structure, an increase in air humidity, the appearance of an unpleasant stale smell, mold inside and outside the building, destruction not only the base, but also the facade, flooring.

Depends on moisture resistance frost resistance tile. It should be at least 150 frost cycles.
Mechanical strength - The base of more than other parts of the facade is experiencing loads, including mechanical damage. From how strong the tile, its durability and preservation of the surfaces of the base depends. The load of the wall panels is transmitted not only to the base, but also its finishing materials. It is clear that in case of insufficient strength of the latter, they will not be able to evenly distribute the load on the foundation and protect it from excessive pressure.
Resistance to temperature drops - It is unacceptable to crack the material at temperature fluctuations. Even the slightest crack on the surface becomes the reason for the decrease in the moisture resistance of the facing product, and, as a result, frost resistance. The water molecules in the cracks under the influence of negative temperatures are converted into ice, which literally tear the material from the inside.

Some types of tiles have a property to expand a little under the influence of temperature jumps. This is considered the norm (for example, for clinker tiles). Avoid deformation of the tiles and their cracking makes it possible to preserve the intercutter gap during the installation process.

As for the criterion of aesthetics, it is individual for each buyer. Naturally, the material for the base must be attractive, combined with the rest of the elements of the facade and exterior.

What is needed?

The decoration of the base section of the building allows you to solve several tasks:

Protection of base and foundation from the negative impact of moisture, high and low temperatures and other negative natural factors that reduce strength, and therefore reducing surface durability.
Protection against pollutionwhich represent not only aesthetic problem as it may seem at first glance. In the composition of the mud there are aggressive components, such as road reagents. With prolonged exposure, they are able to damage even such reliable material as concrete, causing the appearance of erosion on the surface.

Increase the bioscistance of the foundation - Modern facade materials prevent the foundation of rodents damage, prevent the appearance on the surface of the fungus or mold.
Fundament insulationWhat helps to increase the heat efficiency of the building, and also contributes to the preservation of the integrity of the material. It is known that with a significant decrease in temperature on the concrete surface, erosion is formed.
Finally, finishing the basement element it has decorative meaning. With this or that material it is possible to transform the house, to achieve its maximum compliance with a specific style.

The use of tiles, as well as brick or stone surfaces, allows the structure of a cost-effective view, will add refinement.

Varieties of basement designs

In relation to the surface of the facade, the base may be:

speaker (that is, a bit outstanding in comparison with the wall);
west relative to the facade (in this case, the facade is extended forward);
performed in short with the facade part.

Most often you can meet the protruding base. It is usually arranged in buildings with thin walls equipped with a warm basement. The base in this case plays an important thermal insulation role.

If in a similar building, perform the base closure with the facade, then not to avoid high humidity in the basement, and therefore dizes inside the building. When performing thermal insulation of such a base, you will have to face the difficulties of choosing and installing the insulation.

Tsocols of the West type are usually organized in buildings that do not have a basement. They are better protected from the negative impact of the medium. The reference function will perform the cladding of the base. With this system, it is easiest to perform high-quality multilayer hydro and thermal insulation.

Features of the base depends on the type of foundation.

So, the base on the ribbon foundation performs the support function, and for the pile-screw - protective. The base of the piles is usually organized by the Tsocol of the West Type. It is suitable for both wooden and a brick house that does not have a warm underground.

Materials

There are many types of materials for the design of the base. The most common are the following:

Clinker tile

It is an eco-friendly material based on clay exposed to molding or extrusion and high-temperature firing. The result is a reliable, heat-resistant moisture content material (moisture-absorption coefficient is only 2-3%).

It is distinguished by durability (minimum service life of 50 years), chemical inertness, wear resistance. The front side simulates brickwork (from smooth, corrugated or aged brick) or various stone surfaces (wild and treated stone).

The material does not differ in low thermal conductivity, so it is recommended to use it together with the insulation or use clinker clinker panels.

The latter are a standard tile with a polyurethane or mineral wool insulation fixed with a polyurethane material. The thickness of the latter is 30-100 mm.

The disadvantage is quite high weight and high cost (although this option will be more economically more profitable compared with the design of clinker bricks). Despite the large indicators of strength (which is equal to the average M 400, and the maximum - M 800), the loose of the extremely fragile. This should be considered when transporting and installing.

Mounted clinker wet (i.e. on a wall or solid crate with glue) or dry (implies mounting to a metal frame through bolts or screws). When fastening the second method (it is also called a mounted facade system) usually suit the ventilated facade. Between the wall and facing, a mineral wool insulation is laid.

If thermopanels are used, the need for a warming layer disappears.

Brick

When finishing brick, it is possible to achieve reliability and high-quality waterproofing surfaces. The advantage is the versatility of the finish. It is suitable for any type of foundations, and also has a wide selection of facing brick (ceramic, hollow, slit and hyperpressive variations).

If the base itself is posted from red burned brick, then it performs 2 functions at once - protective and aesthetic, that is, it does not need facing.

In view of a sufficiently large weight, brick facing madding requires the organization of the foundation for it.

The organization of masonry requires certain professional skills, and the type of finishing itself is one of the most expensive. Such a lining will cost more use of clinker tiles.

A natural stone

The trim of the base with natural stone will provide its strength, resistance to mechanical damage and impacts, moisture resistance. All this guarantees the duration of the operation of the material.

For decoration, granite, gravel, roller versions of stone are usually used. They will ensure the maximum strength of the considered part of the facade.

The plating marble will allow you to get the most strong, but very expensive surface.

From the point of view of convenience, preference should be given to the limestone. The latter combines different types of materials characterized by a flat, torn shape and a small (up to 5 cm) thickness.

The high weight of the natural stone complicates the process of its transportation and installation and requires a mandatory additional reinforcement of the foundation. The complexity of finishing and high cost becomes the cause of the high price for the material.

The stone fastening is carried out on a pre-primed surface, the material is fixed with a frost-resistant cement solution. After soaring, all seams are processed by hydrophobic grout.

Fake diamond

These disadvantages of natural stone pushed technologists to create a material that had the dignity of natural stone, but lighter, easy to install and caring and affordable material. They became an artificial stone, the basis of which makes up a small-flowing crumb of granite or other high-strength stone and polymers.

Due to the peculiarities of the composition and technological process, natural stone is distinguished by strength, increased moisture resistance, weather resistance. Its surfaces do not emit radiation radiation, bioctoki, easy to care (many have a self-cleaning surface).

The form of release is the monolithic plates, the front side of which mimics the natural stone.

The mount is carried out on a flat primed surface by means of a special adhesive or a crate.

Panels

The panels are sheets based on plastic, metal or fibrocement (the most common options are indicated), the surface of which can be given any shade or imitation of wood, stone, brickwork.

All panels are characterized by resistance to moisture and UV rays, heat resistance, but have different strength indicators.

Plastic models are considered the least durable.With sufficiently strong impact, they can be covered with a network of cracks, so they are rarely used to finish the base (although manufacturers and provide collections of base PVC panels).

Metality is a more reliable option.

Small weight, anti-corrosion protection, simplicity of installation - all makes panels popular, especially for those foundations that do not have additional strengthening.

Fibro-cement panels are based on a concrete solution.To increase the technical properties and facilitations, the mass is added dried cellulose. As a result, a durable material is obtained, which, however, can be used only on solid foundations.

The surface of the fiber-based panels can be painted in a specific color, imitate the finish with natural materials or is characterized by the presence of sprinkling - stone crumb. To protect the face of the material from burnout, a ceramic spraying is applied to it.

All panels regardless of the species are attached to the frame. Fixation is carried out by means of brackets and screws, the reliability of the clutch of the panels with each other, as well as their wind resistance is achieved due to the presence of a lock system.

Plaster

Installation is carried out by a wet method, and this type of finish requires flawlessly smooth surfaces of the base. To protect plastered surfaces from the effects of moisture and sunlights, hydraulic compositions on an acrylic basis are used as a finishing coating.

If necessary, to obtain a color surface, you can paint the dried layer of plaster or use a mixture containing the pigment.

Popularly enjoyed the "mosaic" plaster. It presents the smallest stone crumb of different colors. After applying and drying, it creates a mosaic effect, overflowing and changing the shade depending on the angle of lighting and review.

Produced in the form of a dry mixture, which is mixed with water before use.

Polymer-sand tile

Different with durability, moisture resistance and heat resistance. Due to the sandy basis, it has a small weight.

The polymer component ensures the plasticity of the tile, which eliminates its cracking and the absence of chips on the surface. Externally, such a tile is similar to clinker, but it is much cheaper.

A significant disadvantage is the lack of good elements, which complicates the assembly process, especially when finishing complex structures on the configuration.

The tile can be attached to the glue, but the distribution received a different way of installation - to the crate. In this case, using polymer-sand ties, it is possible to create a warmed ventilated system.

Ceramographic

When finishing with a porcelain book, the building acquires a respectable and aristocratic appearance. All because the material imitates granite surfaces. Initially, this material was applied to cladding administrative buildings, but thanks to an exquisite appearance, an impressive service life (on average - the attachment), strength and moisture resistance, it is increasingly used for facing the facades of private houses.

Proflist

The lining of the straw is an affordable and easy way to protect the base. True, it is not necessary to speak about special decorative qualities.

Decoration

Decorating the base can be performed not only by using facade materials. One of the easiest and most affordable options is the staining of the base of suitable compositions. (necessarily for external work, frost-resistant, weather-resistant).

Choosing a color, you can select the base or, on the contrary, give it a shade, close to the color scheme of the facade. Using special materials and 2 close-up paint type, you can achieve stone imitation. To do this, the brightest layer of paint after its drying is applied smears of darker paint, which are then rubbed.

A little more difficult to decorate the base of the plaster. The attachment surface may have a smooth surface or characterized by the presence of decorative reliefs, which also allow to achieve imitation of a stone base.

In the presence of columns, the lower part of them is also facing the material used for the design of the base. This will make it possible to achieve the style of the unity of the elements of the building.

Preparatory work

The quality of preparatory work dependes the indicators of hydro and thermal insulation of the base, and therefore the entire building.

The waterproofing of the base implies its outer protection, as well as isolation from groundwater. To do this, a trench is rotated around the perimeter near it, the depth of which is 60-80 cm with a width of 1 m. With a strong squeezing of the soil, the reinforcement of the trench of the metal grid is shown. The lower part of it is covered with gravel - the drainage is so ensured.

The surface of the base is cleaned, processed by water-repellent impregnations, is insulated.

Preparation of the visible part of the base of the cladding involves the leveling of the surface and processing it with primer for better adhesion with finishing materials.

If you are using a hinged system, you can not waste time and strength to correct minor defects. Of course, preparatory work in this case also implies cleansing and leveling surfaces, installation of framework frame.

Preparatory work should be carried out at temperatures above 0 degrees, in dry weather. After applying the primer composition, it is necessary to let him dry.

Device of sings

Salves are called to protect the base from moisture flowing around the facade, first of all during the rain. The base of one of its part is fixed to the lower part of the facade under a small (10-15 degrees) an angle, which contributes to the moisture collection. Since this element hangs over the basement by 2-3 cm, the gathered moisture flows to the ground, and not to the surface of the base. Visually, the sampling seems to separate the facade and the base.

As lowts, the slats are used with a width of 40-50 cm from waterproof materials. They can be sold in a finished form or manufactured by a suitable strip. Design and color of the structure is selected with the appearance of the finish.

Depending on the material used, distinguishes:

metal (universal) fits;
plastic (usually combined with siding);
concrete and clinker (applicable for stone and brick facades) analogues.

Plastic Models, despite the high moisture resistance, are rarely used, which is associated with their small strength and low frost resistance.

Metaloptions (aluminum, copper or steel) demonstrate the optimal ratio of moisture resistance, strength characteristics and low weight. They have an anti-corrosion coating, so independent slicing of sings are unacceptable. Such planks are mounted in the brass.

Concrete Models are molded from a durable (brand of at least M450) cement with the addition of river sand, plasticizers. Raw materials poured into silicone forms. After frozen, a durable frost-resistant element is obtained, which is fixed on a special solution on the boundary of the facade and the base.

The most expensive are clinker flows that have not only high strength (comparable to porcelain stoneware), but also low moisture absorption, as well as exquisite design.

Mounting lowers depends on its type, as well as the design features of the building and material of the walls.

For example, clinker and concrete cells are not suitable for wooden walls, as they are attached to glue. Without having sufficient adhesion indicators, wood simply will not withstand sings. Metal options are available with fixation on the self-tapping screw.

Concrete and ceramic elements are usually mounted at the stage of facing facade and basement. The fastening of them starts from the angle, for fixing the element, uses adhesive for outdoor work on stone and brick. After gluing the low tightness, the joints of its fit to the surface of the wall using silicone sealant are performed. After its grazing, the installation of sings is considered complete, you can start facing work.

If there is a need to fasten the fed on the lined surfaces, only metallic or plastic structures remain used. Their installation also begins with corners, for which special angular parts are purchased.

The next stage will be the finish of all protruding architectural elements, and already between them, on the smooth surface, the planks are installed. The mount is carried out on the self-tapping screw (to the wall) and dowels of nails (fixed to the protruding part of the base). The resulting joints are filled with silicone sealant or putty.

Installation of sings is preceded by a thorough sealing of places of joints of the wall and base. For these purposes, moisture-repellent sealants are well suited.

The next step is the wall markup and the determination of the highest point of the base unit. From it, the horizontal line is stuck, according to which the sump will be exhibited.

Subtleties of mounting

Facing the base with their own hands is an easy process. But to obtain a qualitative result, observe the technology of the trim:

The treated surfaces must be smooth and clean. It should be discarded all the protruding parts, in small recesses, pour a self-leveling solution. Large cracks and gaps are closed with cement mortar, pre-reinforcing the surface.
Be sure to use primer compositions. They will improve the adhesion of materials, and also prevent the absorption material of moisture from the adhesive composition.
Some materials before use outside the house need preliminary preparation. Thus, the artificial stone is recommended to additionally protect the water-repellent composition, and the clinker tiles to withstand in warm water is 10-15 minutes.

Beautifully bind the angles allows the use of special angular elements. In most cases, installation begins precisely from their installation.
All metal surfaces must be made of stainless steel or have an anti-corrosion coating.
If you decide to tinker the clinker, remember that the material itself has a high thermal conductivity. Prevent the appearance of cold bridges allows the use of a special laying stacked in the joints of the internal heat insulation material.
Separate the facade of the base material, if the foundation is allowed, permissible. However, on the contrary, using the facade tile or siding to facing the base, it is impossible.

Waterproofing

One of the obligatory stages of the cladding of the base is its waterproofing, which is carried out by horizontal and vertical methods. The first is directed to protect the walls from moisture, the second - ensures waterproofing of the space between the foundation and the basement. Vertical isolation in turn is divided into inner and outdoor.

For outdoor protection against moisture, rolled coating and injection materials and compositions are used. Refractory insulation is performed using semi-liquid compositions based on bitumen, polymer, special cement coatings applied to the base.

The advantage of the compositions is the low price and the possibility of applying for any types of surfaces. However, such a layer of waterproofing is unstable to mechanical exposure and requires frequent update.

Rolled materials can be glued to the surface (thanks to bitumen maps) or to be installed (the burner is used, under the influence of which one of the layers of the roll is melted and fixed with the base).

Rolled materials have an affordable price, simply mount them, the process does not take away a lot of time. However, with respect to the mechanical strength of rolled waterproofing, there are more reliable options, for example, innovative injection technology.

It implies the processing of a moisturized base with special impregnation of deep penetration. Under water, the components of the composition are transformed into crystals that penetrate the pores of concrete to a depth of 15-25 cm and make it waterproof.

To date, the injection method of waterproofing is most effective, but at the same time expensive, time consuming.

The choice of waterproofing material and its type of installation for external surfaces is due to the applied facing material.

Insulation

Laying the insulation on the outer part of the base is 60-80 cm under the ground, that is, the heat insulating material is superimposed on the walls of the foundation located underground. To do this, along the entire facade, the trench of the specified length is digging with a width of 100 cm.

The bottom of the trench is equipped with a drainage system to exclude the risk of plating the heat-insulating material under the action of groundwater.

When the facade washed to the fortified insulation, a layer of mastic on a bitumen-based or more modern liquid waterproofing is superimposed. After drying this layer, you can fix cladding elements.

When organizing a mounted system, the thermal insulating material in the sheets is hung on the waterproofing surface of the base. A windproof membrane is superimposed on top of the insulation, after which both material are screwed to the wall in 2-3 points. Drill type bolts are used as fasteners. The hinged system does not imply a trench.

The choice of insulation and its thickness is caused by climatic conditions, the type of building and the facing used. An accessible option is extruded polystyrene foam. It demonstrates high rates of thermal insulation, moisture resistance, has a small weight. In view of the flammability of the insulation, its use requires the use of non-combustible basement.

To organize ventilated systems, mineral wool is used (in need of powerful hydro and vapor barrier) or polystyrene foam.

When using thermopaders with clinker surface, usually cost without additional insulation. And under the tile is attached polystyrene, polyurethane or mineral wool insulation.

Facing

Features of the termination of the base depend on the selected material. The easiest option is to apply plaster.

An important point - regardless of the type of material, all work is carried out only on the prepared, clean and dry grounds!

The dry plaster mixture is bold with water, carefully smeared and applied to a uniform layer on the surface, moving the spatula. If you have artistic skills, you can give the surface relief or make characteristic convexities and removal, imitating stone coating. To achieve a similar effect allows the use of a special mold. It is applied on the fresh layer of plaster, pressed against the surface. Removing the form, you get the base under the stone laying.

However, even without these delights, the attached and painted base is reliably protected and quite attractive.

Pain in the layer of plaster can be after complete drying (about 2-3 days). Pre-surface is sliced. For this use acrylic paint. It is suitable for outdoor work, allows the "breathe" surfaces. Permissible is the use of painting compositions based on silicone, polyurethane. From enamel analogues it is better to refuse, they are not vapor permeable and environmentally dangerous.

More reliable is concrete trim of the base. In the future, the surface can be painted with caps on concrete or decorated with vinyl panels, tiles, brickwork.

This process is quite simple. First, the reinforcing mesh is fixed on the base (it is usually fixed with dowels), further formwork is installed and a concrete solution is poured. After the frozen, it is necessary to remove the formwork and proceed to further finish.

Facing with natural stone Due to its large mass requires the strengthening of the base. To do this, the reinforcing mesh is stretched on its surface, plastering with concrete solution is performed on top of it. After drying, the concrete surface is grounded with a formulation of deep penetration.

Now the stones are "planting" special glue. It is important to immediately remove the surplus of the protruding glue. The use of beacons is not necessarily because the material still has different geometry. After waiting for the complete pouring of the glue, proceed to the grout of the seams.

Installation of artificial stone is generally similar to those described above.

The only difference is the stages of additional reinforcement of the base are skipped. There is no need for its strengthening, since artificial stone has much less weight than natural.

Clinker tilealso glued to an absolutely smooth surface of the base or a solid crate. True, installation lighthouses are used to preserve the same interlock space. If they are lacking, you can install a rogue rod, the diameter of which is 6-8 mm. Laying begins with an angle, is carried out from left to right, bottom-up.

To organize external corners, you can lock tiles or use special angular elements. They can be extruded (solid straight corners) or extruded (plastic analogs, whose bend angle is set by the user).

After soaring glue, you can start filling the seams between the tiles. The work is performed by a spatula or by means of a special tool (similar to those in which sealants are produced).

Singing base plates They are attached only to the crate. It is metal profiles or wooden bars. Combined options are found. In any case, all frame elements must have moisture-resistant characteristics.

First of all, brackets are installed. The space of thermal insulation material is placed in the space between them. Under it, the waterproof film is pre-littered, windproof material is laid on top of it. Further, all 3 layers (heat, hydro and windproof materials) are fixed to the wall of the dowels.

At a distance of 25-35 cm from the insulation, the design of the crate is installed. After that, siding panels are attached self-drawing. Additional connection strength provide lock elements. That is, the panels are additionally snapped together. Corners and other complex elements of the base are made up using challenges.

Porcelain strain platesalso require the installation of the metal subsystem. Fixation of tiles is carried out thanks to special attachments, compatible halves of which are located on profiles and tiles themselves.

Despite the strength of the porcelain stoneware, its outer layer is very fragile. This should be taken into account when installing - minor damage will not only reduce the attractiveness of the coating, but also the technical properties of the material, primarily the degree of resistance to the influence of moisture.

Flat slatefixed on a wooden subsystem with self-tapping screws. The installation starts from the angle, and at the end of the cladding, the corners of the base are closed with special iron, with zinc coating, corners. Immediately after that, you can proceed to staining the surface.

When cutting Schifer, it is important to protect the respiratory organs, because at this moment the asbestos dust is hurt at the workplace. Before installing the material, it is recommended to cover the antiseptic layer.

Choosing an option to finish the base, it is better to give preference to thick-layer, wear-resistant materials. First of all, it is natural and artificial stone, clinker and porcelain tiles.
In addition, the material must be moisture-resistant and durable. As for its thickness, in most cases it is necessary to choose the maximum (as far as the foundation and the surface of the base). For regions with harsh climatic conditions, as well as buildings in places of high humidity (river house, for example), this recommendation is particularly relevant.
If we talk about the price availability, the plaster and cladding will cost cheaper than the other options. However, plastered surfaces have a smaller service life.

If you do not have a sufficient level of skill or have never been facing a stone or tile, it is better to entrust work with a professional. From the first time it is hardly possible to perfectly perform the trim. And the high cost of materials does not imply similar "training" on it.
Choosing any facing material, give preference to well-known manufacturers. In some cases, you can save and purchase tiles or domestic production panels. Definitely, you can proceed, purchasing plaster mixes. They in Russian producers are quite high quality. Clinker tile is better to buy German (more expensive) or Polish (more affordable option) brands. Domestic usually does not meet the high requirements for tile reliability.

Beautiful examples

The use of stone and bricks when finishing the base gives buildings monumentality, goodness, makes them respectable.

Staining and plastering of surfaces is usually used for small height (up to 40 cm) bases. The shade of paint is usually darker than the colors of the facade.

One of the last trends of the finish was the tendency to "continue" the base, using the same material for finishing the bottom of the facade.

Select the base part of the building using color using the sidding panels. The solution may be gentle or contrast.

As a rule, the shade or texture of the base is repeated in the finishing of the elements of the facade or the use of similar color when the roof is designing.

On how to independently carry out the basement of the foundation of the facade panels, learn from the following video.

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In order for the private house's chair to serve as long as possible, it is necessary to choose not only aesthetically attractive, but also practical materials intended for operation in a humid environment. It will be better if they can withstand mechanical effects.

The building of the building after cladding acquires another species

The part of the base protruding beyond the ground is usually not only architectural, but also a functional load. With it, it is possible to bring the walls of the building for a certain height, aligning and protecting them from negative impacts. The distance from the ground to the upper edge should not be less than 40 cm.

The base can be erected using:

monolithic reinforced concrete;
construction bricks suitable brand;
ready concrete blocks.

Metal sheets can be secured directly to horizontal runs using self-tapping screws. The presence of additional elements in the form of layers of adjoins allows to improve the appearance of the facing.

Fibro cement panels for finishing the base of private houses

Products are manufactured based on cement and wood fibers using hot pressing. The outer surface of the panels is laminated or covered with a layer of protective composition. In terms of design capabilities, the panels are a perspective option, as they are able to imitate other materials.

Photo with a private house trim demonstrates the aesthetic capabilities of the products presented. In the production of fibro-cement panels, dyes are used with increased resistance to ultraviolet, so even with long-term operation, the color does not fade.

Finishing side surfaces with decorative plaster

Not very expensive financially, but a fairly time-intensive way of cladding of the base is shuffling. At first, the surface of the structure is aligned with the cement-sand mixture, after which the decorative layer is applied on top. If necessary, dried plaster is painted with moisture-resistant paints.

High quality has the following advantages:

resistance to temperature differences;
immunity to ultraviolet radiation;
increased moisture resistance;
the possibility of tinting;
long operational period;
economy.

Note! Cement, acrylic and silicone plasters are suitable for outdoor use. As for the gypsum compositions, they should only be used for work inside dry premises.