The underlayment for the laminate is black. Laminate underlay. Laminate underlay: general descriptions of species

Which will extend the life of the floor covering, absorbing and evenly distributing the load on it, providing additional noise and heat insulation, smoothing out minor defects in the base. The choice of a substrate is usually carried out according to two parameters: material and thickness.

The durability of the substrate largely depends on the material; it is also the main price-determining factor. Thickness is a very important characteristic, which determines how successfully the substrate will cope with the tasks assigned to it. In this case, the thickness should not be maximum, but optimal.

When choosing a substrate of optimal thickness, the following criteria should be taken into account:

• the class of the laminate, its purpose and the expected load on it
• laminate thickness
• the degree of unevenness of the base for laying
• features of floor waterproofing
• sub-floor level in adjacent rooms
• substrate material

Substrate thickness of different materials

Generally, softer backing is limited in thickness, but thicker substrates may have a larger thickness.

• substrate made of foamed polyethylene(isolone) or polystyrene(isoise) usually has a thickness of 2-3 mm, the most common thickness is 3 mm
• the most common thickness is 2-4 mm. Some manufacturers, for example, SEDACOR, produce both roll and sheet cork substrates up to 10 mm thick, but this is too much for a laminate. There is a roll substrate and a smaller thickness - 1.8-1.85 mm
• combined underlay Tuplex made of a layer of polypropylene balls located between layers of polyethylene film - roll material 3 mm thick
• roll backing made of extruded polystyrene, for example, IMS, has a thickness of 2 mm, and sheet - 3-5 mm
• backing made of wood waste (wood fibers), the so-called coniferous, has a thickness of 4-7 mm. Although the manufacturer positions it as a substrate for various floor coverings, including laminate, its thickness exceeds the optimal value for laminate. Therefore, if the choice is made in her favor, it is better to limit yourself to the minimum thickness - 4 mm

Features of the laminate and substrate thickness

The thickness of the substrate should correspond to the thickness of the laminate, for a thin one, 7 mm thick, a 2 mm substrate will be enough, for a laminate of the most common thickness, 8 mm, the optimal solution would be a substrate with a thickness of 2-3 mm, for a thick one, you can take a substrate with a standard thickness of 3 mm, and sometimes and 4-5 mm.

An indication of the possibility or necessity of using a substrate with a thickness of more than 3 mm should be contained in the manufacturer's instructions. Typically such a backing is used with a commercial grade 33 laminate, which is particularly stressed and has significant density and strength.

Is it possible to smooth out unevenness of the base with a thick substrate

A 2mm thin underlay is best used if the subfloor is perfectly flat. If there are permissible irregularities, a 3 mm substrate is suitable, this is the most versatile solution. If the differences in height exceed the permissible ones, the base must be leveled. Often, instead, an attempt is made to smooth out defects with a thicker substrate.

If the substrate is dense enough, slightly crumpled, practically does not cake (cork, coniferous substrates, some types of sheet substrates made of extruded polystyrene foam have such characteristics), you can use a material with a thickness of 4-5 mm. But only if this is due to the characteristics of the laminate and is recommended by its manufacturer, this is not the best way to compensate for the unevenness of the subfloor.

The thickness of the soft substrate is not accidentally limited to 3 millimeters, and increase it by laying the substrate in several layers, in no case should... The fact is that it crumples and cakes during operation, and over time, its thickness can be halved. Due to this, a void, a backlash is formed under the laminate, and the greater the thickness of the substrate, the more this backlash will turn out. And the voids under the laminate have a very negative effect on the castle joints, leading to their premature breakdown.

The backlash formed after creasing the substrate with a standard thickness of 2–3 mm will be in the range of 1–1.5 mm, this is quite tolerable. But if 2 layers of a three-millimeter substrate are laid on a base with height differences greater than the maximum permissible 3 mm per linear meter, after its caking, a backlash of up to 3 mm is formed. Together with base defects, significant differences in height are obtained, exceeding the permissible ones. Because of them, the load on the laminate will be uneven, the panels will bend, and the locks may not withstand this.

So the thickness of neither polyethylene foam nor denser and more caking foam polystyrene substrates under the laminate should not exceed 3 mm.

Additional Factors Determining Substrate Thickness

• The thickness of the backing should be proportional to the thickness of the waterproofing film
• Due to the impregnation, the bitumen-cork substrate does not absorb moisture, its laying with impregnation downwards allows you to abandon waterproofing, due to which you can increase the thickness of the substrate itself, it is usually 3-4 mm
• Sometimes the laminate is laid in adjacent rooms, and the level of the subfloor in them is different. You can compensate for this difference in height by using a substrate of different thickness, but it should be within the recommended range. Therefore, a drop of more than 1 mm in this way is problematic to align.

Outcome

The permissible thickness of the backing for the laminate is in the range of 2-5 mm (for cork backing - from 1.8 mm.) The optimum thickness is 3 mm. A thinner underlay can be used with thin laminates and installed on the substrate with minimal blemishes. Thicker underlay is typically used with thick, heavy-duty laminates, unless recommended by the manufacturer.

A substrate made of dense, slightly crumpled and practically non-caking materials during operation, usually sheet substrates, has a thickness of more than 3 mm. The underlayment can only smooth out small irregularities in the base; instead of leveling the subfloor with significant differences in height, it is unacceptable to try to solve this problem by increasing the thickness of the underlay.

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Any person who buys an apartment or makes repairs in it faces the question of purchasing flooring. There are many options for laying the floor, one of the most popular is laminate. This material is considered to be durable and inexpensive. In order to properly lay it, you should follow all the stages, including the preparatory ones. It is at this stage of the work that the question arises, which substrate is better for the laminate.

Bed linen

The use of the substrate is based on the characteristics of the material of the floor covering. It is made from waste woodworking enterprises. That is, sawdust is pressed under the influence of high pressure and temperature.

A decorative layer is applied on top of the finished sheets, repeating the texture of the wood. Then, cover the entire surface with varnish to increase the service life. On the underside of the laminate boards there is a layer of polymers that protects the material from moisture and mechanical damage.

Locks for fastening are installed on all sides of the resulting panel, so it is not difficult to lay the laminate. Lay the boards on the screed.

Note! When the difference in unevenness on the floor should not be more than 1 mm per 2 running meters.

In this case, you cannot lay the boards directly on the concrete, otherwise, when walking, they will knock on the screed and quickly wear out. . It is for these purposes that the lining was developed, which acts as a shock absorber, and also increases the level of sound insulation in the room. It also provides the required level of vapor barrier so that the coating does not deform during operation.

Which substrate for the laminate is better based on its characteristics

There are different options for laying between the floor and the covering:

• from cork;
• polymers;
• foil;
• needles;
• combined options.

To choose a substrate for a laminate on a concrete floor, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of each of the listed types.

Cork covering

The main advantage is environmental friendliness. Even in the children's room, you can safely use the cork lining, it does not emit any harmful substances. And also this material has a long service life, good shock absorption and sound insulation.

In addition to the positive aspects, there are also negative ones. These include:

• high price;
• it is afraid of moisture, therefore it is not used for warm floors.

It is made from crumbs of oak bark. Sometimes they use not only natural material, but also add rubber or bitumen, which reduces the cost.

Thus, it is advisable to use such a coating for dry rooms, without installing underfloor heating. Most often, cork is combined with an inexpensive laminate to optimize the overall cost of the flooring.

Foam backing

Laminate substrates (sheet) are made of polyethylene foam in several versions. They all have positive aspects, which include:

• High ability to keep moisture out;
• Keeps warm well;
• Not affected by bacteria and various chemicals;
• Light weight and low cost.

However, there is a drawback that outweighs all of this - a short service life and a quick loss of shape. That is, such a substrate will be acceptable in a room with high humidity and on a floor made of boards, which itself requires periodic repairs.

Expanded polystyrene

The material is recognized as the golden mean in terms of price and quality. This option consists of two layers: expanded polystyrene and foil. There are also extruded (single-layer).

The substrate is easy to install, does not transmit sound and heat, hides various floor defects, and at a price it is an affordable option for many consumers. There is only one drawback - during long-term operation it can lose its shape.

If you choose a substrate for a laminate on a warm floor, which is better suited for such a coating, then expanded polystyrene is a suitable material for such structures.

From wood

This option is made from natural materials, is able to "breathe", but the price is much higher. Despite the cost, sheets from woodworking industry waste are in great demand, due to their durability and thermal insulation qualities, by which they are compared with soft insulation.

For example, a coniferous substrate for a laminate has the following customer reviews:“I don't write reviews very often, but this backing amazed me. It has been with me for more than three years, during which time it has not caused any allergies or any other troubles. I thought that the coating would start to "walk", but nothing of the kind happened. Very satisfied".

Another review:“One acquaintance made such a natural substrate for himself, was unpleasantly surprised by the aroma from it. I could not stand it, I handed it over to the store, as it turned out, the needles perfectly absorb all the smells. We replaced it with a new package, everything was already in order with it. "

Thus, it is rather difficult to accurately answer the question of which substrate for the laminate is better. For each buyer, the right option will be good, based on the purpose of use, humidity in the room and the planned cost of money.

Which substrate for laminate (price per m2) will be more profitable

When deciding which option from the whole variety is more suitable, we suggest looking at the table with indicative prices.

Image	Company (article)	Variety	Price (rub / sq.m)
	Tepofol	Foamed (2 mm)	15
	Tepofol	Foamed (4 mm)	30
	Wicanders	Cork (2mm)	120
	Tuplex (RT-011)	Combined (extruded polystyrene foam and two layers of polyethylene film)	130
	Steico	Natural needles (7 mm)	575
	Coeksribas (CR-105-10)	Plug (10 mm)	514

And also when choosing, you can look at the rating of manufacturers, according to buyers:

• The best natural substrates. In the first place is Premium Cork (Portugal), this material has a high density and low. Made from pressed bark of balsa wood. Price: 90 rub. per sq. meter (2mm). Next comes PARCOLAG (bitumen-cork version). Refers to ventilated material. Price: 95 rubles with a thickness of 3 mm.

• From extruded polystyrene, buyers have isolated VTM, IsoPolin. This gasket is considered the best in terms of price and quality. It has high performance in noise and heat insulation. Price: 55 rub. per square meter.

• Among the polyethylene options, consumers singled out Tuplex, worth 99 rubles. The substrate is made of modern materials that allow ventilation of the space.

Thus, when you think about which substrate for the laminate is better to choose, you can rely not only on the material of manufacture, but also on the user rating, as well as on the pricing policy.

Updated: 18.09.2019 22:45:13

Expert: Lev Kaufman

* Review of the best in the opinion of the editors of the site. On the selection criteria. This material is subjective, does not constitute advertising and does not serve as a purchase guide. Before buying, you need to consult with a specialist.

Laminate is one of the most popular floor coverings today. The laying technology involves the use of a special layer called a backing. When buying a laminate, users pay a minimum of attention to this additional material, most often it is offered by the seller. But the quality of the substrate can affect not only the durability and integrity of the floor covering, but also the comfort in the room. What points should you pay attention to?

How to choose a laminate underlay

1. Many Russian users, following the example of their neighbors, are beginning to take care of their and their relatives' health. Therefore, they prefer environmentally friendly building materials. On sale you can find products made from natural raw materials (wood) or high-quality synthetic analogues. At this stage, it is important to consider the propensity of different people to allergies, reactions to smells, etc.
2. Thermal insulation. Laying the underlay allows you to improve the microclimate in a particular room. First of all, this applies to heat. Residents of private houses and apartments located on the ground floor should choose a substrate taking into account the thermal insulation properties.
3. Soundproofing... In a multi-storey building, poor sound insulation becomes a serious problem. In order not to hear noise in the apartment on the floor below, you should give preference to materials that absorb sound and vibration.
4. Thickness. High-quality laminate flooring is only possible on a flat surface. This is difficult to achieve on a screed or old plank base. But with the help of a substrate, it is possible to eliminate irregularities and differences in the floor. The worse the base, the thicker the layer for the laminate is selected. The standard thickness is 3 mm.
5. Moisture resistance. Modern flooring (laminate, parquet) is quite sensitive to moisture. And if spilled liquids can be eliminated in a timely manner, then high humidity from floor panels or screed will lead to swelling of the panels. It is best to do a simple test to determine the moisture content of the substrate by placing plastic wrap overnight. If perspiration does not appear in the morning, then a regular substrate will do.
6. Manufacturer. As for the choice of the manufacturer, today domestic brands compete on equal terms with imported manufacturers. Some of them use foreign developments and technologies, someone introduces their own inventions.

Our review includes the best laminate substrates. When compiling the rating, the opinions of experts and reviews of domestic consumers were taken into account.

Rating of the best laminate substrates

The best laminate substrates made from natural materials

A substrate made of natural materials has a whole range of advantages. Most often, it is made from different components of wood (shavings, chips, cork); natural or artificial resins and adhesives can be used to combine small fractions. The only drawback of natural substrates is the high price. Experts have identified several quality products.

The most environmentally friendly interlayer between the subfloor and the laminate is Steico Underfloor. It is made from natural coniferous wood, individual fibers are held together using wood resin. The manufacturer offers its products in the form of rectangular slabs measuring 790x590 mm, depending on the homeowner's requirements for the degree of thermal insulation, a substrate with a thickness of 3.6-7 mm is selected. The material ranks first in the rating for its excellent properties, it is not afraid of moisture, solvent or glue.

Experts point out good leveling ability, the use of the product allows you to smooth out height differences up to 3 mm. Users often use the material when laying laminate in children's rooms.

Advantages

• environmental friendliness;
• good leveling ability;
• wide range of thicknesses;
• high performance.

disadvantages

• not detected.

Premium Cork underlay boasts high quality workmanship. In terms of environmental friendliness, the material is not inferior to the leader of the rating, but the price of this natural product is quite high. The product is made from the bark of cork oak without the addition of chemical reagents. Experts point out that the cork substrate retains all the most important properties over time. These are excellent thermal insulation qualities, the ability to absorb noise, leveling the floor. Pests, mold and mildew do not settle in the cork. Such a backing will be especially useful for people suffering from allergies.

Users are pleased with the ease of preparation of the base. Dust and dirt are removed from the surface, after which the roll is rolled. Such packaging is a disadvantage for some builders.

Advantages

• environmental friendliness;
• long service life;
• good sound and heat insulation;
• simple preparation of the base.

disadvantages

• high price.

PARCOLAG backing has a successful combination of natural and synthetic materials. It is made on the basis of thick cardboard, on which cork chips are applied mixed with bitumen. The main advantage is thermal insulation. Experts recommend the product of the Russian company Icopal to owners of private houses and apartments on the ground floor. With its help, it is possible to put a reliable barrier to cold and moisture. The elasticity of the material increases the lifespan of the laminate.

Thanks to the triple structure, good air exchange takes place, so neither mold nor mildew appears in the substrate. Products are supplied to the retail chain in rolls 15 mm long. Among the shortcomings, users note a persistent smell of bitumen, so the applicant takes the third line of the rating.

Advantages

• reliable heat and moisture insulation;
• good ventilation;
• elastic structure;
• high strength.

disadvantages

• not suitable for underfloor heating;
• the smell of bitumen.

One of the most attractive prices for a natural substrate is offered by the Tarkett brand. The material is made from natural cork, which predetermines a number of positive aspects. Polyurethane resin acts as a binder. First of all, the product is environmentally friendly, which expands its scope. The substrate quickly restores its original state after compression, and its good thermal insulation properties reliably hold cold masses coming from the basement. On sale, the material can be found in the form of rolls 10 m long. The manufacturer has taken care of fakes, you can order the product on the official website. Of the shortcomings, users note a small assortment, the quality of the cork leaves much to be desired.

Advantages

• environmental friendliness;
• durability;
• affordable price;
• elasticity.

disadvantages

• thin layer;
• cork raw materials of poor quality.

In the production of Isoplaat underlays, the main emphasis is placed on sound insulation qualities. The material is made on the basis of soundproof panels. It successfully combines natural ingredients and modern technologies. Special fibers are formed from coniferous wood, due to which it was possible to obtain a porous structure. It is distinguished by its durability, and due to the introduction of antiseptics into the substrate, fungus and mold do not multiply in the substrate. The product can be purchased in the form of 850x590 mm panels. The maximum level of sound insulation can be achieved with a material with a thickness of 4-5 mm.

To the advantages of the product, users consider the absence of smell, high-quality workmanship. However, it is not possible to find such material in every hardware store. Therefore, the challenger does not make it into the top three.

Advantages

• excellent sound insulation;
• elasticity;
• environmental friendliness;
• durability.

disadvantages

• deficit in the trading network;
• overcharge.

The Arbiton Cork underlays offer an optimal balance of quality and price. The Polish manufacturer supplies products to the Russian market in the form of rolls (10x1 m). The required rigidity and thermal insulation of the floor covering is provided by a material with a thickness of 2 mm. Experts pay attention to the fact that the substrate can withstand temperature extremes. It is recommended for use in floor systems with warm (water) floors. However, it is required to lay shielding layers. The material is created on a natural basis, it has elasticity, leveling all the loads exerted on the laminate.

Builders praise the material for forming an even layer without waves. Only the edges of the material are brittle, so careful handling is required.

Advantages

• acceptable price;
• heat resistance;
• elasticity;
• lack of memory effect.

disadvantages

• fragility;
• heterogeneity of composition.

The best underlays for polymer laminates

Synthetic substrates are an excellent combination of affordable price and good performance. They create a reliable barrier to cold and moisture at the border of concrete and laminate. But the noise insulation capabilities of the composite material are limited. The experts selected several products.

The domestic substrate Eco-cover is widely used. It is a vinyl acetate and ethylene based product. Environmentalists have no complaints about the safety of the material, so it can be used both in office premises and in residential buildings and apartments. Experts note the excellent leveling ability, and due to the elasticity and high strength, the surface of the coating turns out to be tough. The product is produced in the form of slabs, for ease of transportation, they are rolled into rolls.

The substrate becomes the winner of our rating for excellent technical characteristics. It successfully fights noise, moisture, retains all its qualities in a wide temperature range (-40 ... + 80 ° C). Finishers praise the material for its ease of use and a wide range of sizes.

Advantages

• wide scope of application;
• good sound insulation;
• moisture resistance;
• ease of use.

disadvantages

• high price.

ReFoam 3002 has one of the best noise insulation indicators (21 dB). The material is cross-linked polyethylene, which is safe for use in children's and medical institutions. Experts appreciate it for its high density and elasticity. Thanks to the combination of these qualities, the underlay is easy to work with, and the floor covering is distinguished by its integrity. The production technology was invented in Japan, and the products are manufactured and sold in Russia. In stores, roll products (10x1.2 m) are presented, the optimal rigidity of the laminate is ensured with a thickness of 2 mm.

The product does not have the best water absorption capacity, therefore it is not recommended to use it on the first floors of high-rise buildings, where there is a basement under the floor. The material occupies the second line of the rating.

Advantages

• good sound insulation;
• strength and elasticity;
• ease of transportation and stacking;
• lack of smell.

disadvantages

• does not absorb moisture.

The best extruded polystyrene substrates

Extruded polystyrene is widely used in construction; it is also used as a substrate for laminate flooring. The strengths of the material include affordability and a wide choice in thickness.

The most affordable option for laminate or parquet flooring is to use an extruded polystyrene backing. The products are produced in the form of sheets that are easy to transport and stack. ISOPOLIN is called a quiet floor due to its good sound-absorbing properties. The product stands out from the competition with a large assortment of thicknesses. The product is lightweight, which is why air currents often lift separately lying sheets from the floor. Experts advise to immediately connect them with tape.

Users are pleased with the availability of the material and the ease of installation. The disadvantages include fragility, modest leveling ability of thin sheets (less than 3 mm). Unique Finnish technology is implemented in the Tuplex polyethylene backing. Foam balls are located between the two films. Moreover, the bottom layer has a special perforation that allows moisture to penetrate into the material. Water escapes along with air currents through the edges of the backing. It is clear that we are talking about a small amount of moisture. Otherwise, mold or mildew will start in the material.

According to experts, this breathable construction is easy to install. There is a small percentage of waste, which is inherent in other competitors. For good technical parameters and original design, the substrate becomes the winner of our rating.

Advantages

• unique manufacturing technology;
• good moisture absorption;
• breathable construction;
• effective ventilation.

disadvantages

• limited assortment in thickness.

Foil-clad Izolon PPE allows protecting the floor from cold and moisture at the same time. The backing is a cross-linked polyethylene, which is produced in rolls. Aluminum foil is attached to one side of the substrate. Due to this design, the material has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity. The material perfectly protects the laminate from steam and moisture, often foil-clad Izolon is used as waterproofing. Along with durability and resistance to decay, the product is also environmentally friendly. It is suitable for installing underfloor heating.

When laying the laminate, there is a problem with the formation of a solid layer. As a result, the joints become weak points for the penetration of cold and moisture.

Advantages

• low coefficient of thermal conductivity;
• security;
• elasticity;
• reusability.

disadvantages

• high price.

Owners of apartments living above the 2nd floor, when laying laminate or parquet boards, can use Izolon PPE as an interlayer. Unlike the foil-clad version, the material does not claim to be the best insulation or vapor barrier. This is not required of him when the floor covering is installed on a dry and warm floor. The basis of the substrate is the same foamed polyethylene foam, sewn into a single roll. Thanks to the multi-layer honeycomb structure, the product perfectly absorbs noise and vibration, additionally preventing heat loss in the room. Experts note the inertness of polyethylene foam, it itself does not emit harmful compounds, does not react with gasoline or alkaline-based detergents. A set of useful characteristics allows the substrate to take third place in our rating.

Advantages

• affordable price;
• inertia;
• good sound insulation;
• security.

disadvantages

• gradual thinning of the substrate.

Review of the best of the most popular

To recommend you the best substrates, we took into account the opinion of representatives of the manufacturers of the most popular brands of laminate flooring, analyzed the reviews of masters and users on specialized Internet resources and construction forums, technical characteristics of materials.

Selection criteria

The selection was made by us on the basis of the parameters below, which we offer you to be guided by when choosing.

Noise absorption

This refers to the absorption of "impact" (reflected and transmitted) noise. The reflected noise you hear when you walk on the floor is the one that is heard by your neighbors below. Let's make it clear right away: NO substrate will save YOU from the noise of the neighbors below you, it is YOU that is saving them from the rumble of your heels.

Relation to moisture

Substrates from different groups react differently to moisture. Please note that a prerequisite for a guarantee for a laminate from manufacturers is the presence of a waterproofing film with a thickness of 200 microns.

Thermal insulation

This indicator is important if the floors are located above basements, unheated garages, walkways.

Density, thickness

For laminate flooring, the ideal is the most solid base. In this case, the wear of the locks will be minimal. The softer and thicker the substrate, the faster the coating will deteriorate. If the thickness is greater than the optimal (!) 3 mm, then there is a high probability of the appearance of gaps due to wear of the locks.

Reaction to unevenness of the base floor

The denser the material (and the highest density of the cork), the worse its leveling ability and the more carefully the base should be leveled. There is nothing you can align with the curvature of a large radius!

Lifetime

It is economically impractical to lay a cheap polyethylene backing under an expensive laminate with a life expectancy of 15 years, which will wear out in a couple of years.

Suitability for use with underfloor heating

This characteristic is relevant for those who plan to install laminate flooring on warm floors.

Convenience of laying

Some types of roll substrates (made of cork, in particular) tend to curl up when laid. In this case, it is better to take sheet material.

The best manufacturers (brands) of substrates

Well-known laminate manufacturers strongly recommend using branded substrates for their products. Otherwise, they reserve the right to refuse consideration of the claim, if any. However, they all favor cork substrates from Portugal and VTM grade extruded polystyrene. Excellent reviews about Parkolag and Izoplin from both stackers and buyers. Quick Step PSE substrates have proven their worth in the field. But the domestic analogue will provide you with "bubbles" and "waves" after styling. We also do not recommend extruded polystyrene of Russian and Chinese brands: in the product descriptions, their characteristics are overestimated.

OUR RATING OF THE BEST SUBSTRATES

The best natural substrates

Let's clarify right away that the natural origin of the substrate in this case does not give any advantages in terms of ecology, since there will be a laminate on top of it, which, as you know, is an artificial material.

Cork underlay Premium Cork
Rated 9 out of 10

Photo: vopros-remont.ru

Average price in RF: 90 rubles / m2, thickness 2 mm (145 rubles / m2 - 3 mm thick)

Advantages: One of the best substrates made in Portugal, Spain. A very high density means that both itself and the laminate joints are resistant to deformation under loads. Due to its high damping properties, the floor will not “play” over time. Due to its very low thermal conductivity, it is a good insulation for floors over unheated rooms. Since it dampens noise well, it will be an excellent solution for children's playrooms. Can be used with high quality laminate flooring without requiring replacement for 25 years. Unlike the Chinese counterpart, it does not crumble, is good in installation and operation, and does not harm the laminate.

Disadvantages: High price. Noises on poorly leveled ground. Best applied on wood floors, plywood, chipboard. Absorbs moisture, therefore requires concrete waterproofing and is not recommended for wet rooms and kitchens.

Typical reviews
“It is necessary to carefully remove the base under the cork! I ran into this ... "
“… It's hard to lay. When the roll ends, the cork strongly tends to backward, and there are fears that it, crumpled, will fall under the laminate. "

Parkolag
Rated 9 out of 10

Photo: strmnt.ru

Advantages: High noise absorption, wear resistance, very high moisture insulation make this ventilated substrate one of the best. Cork powder, which retains its elasticity, contributes to the long service life of the laminate, and bitumen prevents the penetration of moisture from the concrete screed. The presence of air exchange prevents the formation of condensation, fungus, mold. It retains its linear dimensions under a very significant pressure and when the temperature and humidity conditions change. A reliable substrate that will be an excellent solution for expensive brands of laminate and will serve without causing problems for many years.

Disadvantages: Cannot be used under a warm floor.

Reviews:
“Compared to technical cork, as a mixed version, it is more versatile, moreover, more wear-resistant. Wins in terms of a barrier to excess moisture. "
"As a substrate, I have always been sympathetic to Pargolag, about whom I have heard a lot of tales, like bitumen does not smell like a child, etc. All this is nonsense."
“I bought a parkolag under the laminate. Fine! And there is no smell, and tiiiiiho ... "

Isoplat (Isoplaat startfloor barlinek)
Rated 9 out of 10

Photo: bug.ua

Advantages: Ideal underfloor heating due to its absolute safety when heated. Due to its porous structure, it has good noise and sound absorbing, acoustic and thermal insulation properties, and heat resistance. The special structure of the bottom layer allows air to circulate freely, providing ventilation properties. In addition, thanks to antiseptic impregnation, it is protected from mold and mildew. In terms of elasticity, thermal conductivity, compression resistance, sound absorption, durability and naturalness, it is akin to cork. As for thermal insulation, due to the thickness of Isoplat it is 3 times higher and is comparable to soft insulation.
Disadvantages: Slabs of lesser thickness are not produced.
Reviews:
“I have a 5 mm isoplaat underneath 33 laminates. Elastic, warm to the touch, dampens noise well. With two small children, the neighbors from below simply do not hear us (their opinion). "

The best extruded polystyrene foam substrates

VTM, IsoPolin (Isopolin)
Ranked 10 out of 10

Photo: skill-spb.ru

Average price in RF: 55 rubles / m2 (thickness 3 mm)

Advantages: Stable underlay for laminate floors, making even diagonal laminate installation comfortable. Thanks to the closed moisture-proof pores, it is an ideal waterproofing. Optimally matched density is expressed in a sufficiently high resistance to external pressure and at the same time the absence of strong rigidity. The latter quality compensates for unevenness in the floor up to 3 mm and contributes to increased sound insulation: the impact sound absorption rate approaches the cork. Technical characteristics are similar to Isoplat plates. Mechanical pressure does not have a destructive effect on the structure, therefore, their high heat and sound insulating properties of the VTM and IsoPolin substrates do not lose over time. Service life over 10 years.

Disadvantages: Not suitable for high traffic and high traffic areas (dance halls, fitness clubs, etc.). Not suitable for warm floors.

Reviews:
"The properties of laying and resistance to subsidence of XPS-substrate and Izoplat are almost the same."
"As a builder, I will say: it is pleasant and simple to work with him, many customers require just such a substrate."
"In the Olympic Village ... there is a huge demand for this substrate among understanding people."

Best polyethylene substrates

Tuplex
Rated 9 out of 10

Photo: ekopol.kiev.ua

Advantages: The Tuplex underlay adjusts to the shape of the substrate, smoothing out minor imperfections. Perfectly absorbs impact noise, drowning out the clatter of heels. This quality allows Tuplex to be recommended for both residential and office environments. Due to low compression (14 times less compared to foamed polyethylene) it retains its shape well and prevents the laminate from sagging. The unique structure of the material allows you to remove moisture naturally, but this advantage is reduced to zero in the presence of a waterproofing film. Suitable for underfloor heating.

Disadvantages: Heating efficiency from underfloor heating is lower compared to traditional heat transfer underlays due to the dissipation of part of the air.

Reviews:
“The best thing… I've worked with is Tuplex. Very easy to install. "
“I heard complaints about him. The main idea: polystyrene foam balls deform over time ... Maybe this is not so, but it makes sense to think. "
“… I tried to compress it - it is not restored. Although the annotation says something else. "

Izolon PPE
Ranked 8 out of 10

Photo: www.web4market.biz

Advantages: Good heat and noise-absorbing parameters of "cross-linked" closed-cell polyethylene, its environmental friendliness, elasticity and elasticity, increased moisture resistance and hydrophobicity, inertness to "chemistry", bacteria and relative cheapness make the Izolon PPE substrate (not to be confused with Izolon NPE!) preferred for use in residential and public areas. These qualities can be retained by Izolon PPE for a long time under any operating conditions. Does not deform under load, does not burn and does not emit toxic substances. Over time, it does not collapse, does not lose stability and strength, unlike gas-filled polyethylene Izolon NPE, Penofol, Polyizol, etc. Service life under normal conditions is more than 25 years. The optimal solution for underfloor heating.

disadvantages: Despite the good thermal insulation performance, you should not rely on the thermal insulation of the floor with a material thickness of 2-4 mm.

Reviews:
"If we take Izolon, then the PPE is white with very dense small bubbles, but not our IPE!"
"Compared to cork at Izolon, compression and recovery are much worse."

Foil Izolon PPE
Rated 6 out of 10

Photo: www.dom-laminata.ru

Advantages: In addition to the advantages of Izolon PPE, the foil layer, which is a reflective thermal insulation, enhances heat and vapor insulation properties, and provides a 97% reduction in heat loss. Important: the higher the temperature difference between the subfloor and the room, the higher the efficiency of foil thermal insulation. Foil-clad Izolon PPE is useful for the first floor with a concrete floor, for an apartment on the fourth floor there will be no gain in temperature. But as a heater, it is perfectly combined with an infrared warm floor.

Reviews:
“In order for the foil to have a tangible effect on heat reflection, the temperature should be. around 60 ° C. Therefore, the foil on the foam ... a good marketing ploy ... ".
"... living in a cellophane bag requires constant ventilation."

What is the best substrate to buy?

Even professionals often have a diametrically opposite attitude to the same group of materials, and more often than not they are poorly reasoned. Our rating of the best substrates does not give an unambiguous answer to this question - the choice is yours. Study the characteristics of the material and choose the one that best suits the tasks, the degree of evenness of the base and your financial capabilities. At the same time, keep in mind that thicker does not mean better, the thickness of the substrate should not exceed 3-4 mm, unless a large one is allowed by the manufacturer of the laminate.

Content:

When choosing and buying a laminate, many people forget about the need to use a substrate under this floor covering. Although it is the underlay for the laminate that affects the service life and appearance of such a coating, and also provides additional heat and sound insulation of the floor. If you are interested in the question: do you need a substrate for a laminate? Which substrate to choose? Then, first of all, it is necessary to determine the basic requirements for this insulating layer.

The choice of lining in this case should be based on conditions such as:

• material and condition of the base;
• the class of the laminate used;
• humidity and temperature drops in the repaired room.

In addition, in order to know which substrate for the laminate to choose, you need to understand the requirements for the coating in a given room (for example, the floor will be subjected to significant dynamic loads in playrooms, or the substrate will be used in a bathroom, where it is often humid).

Benefits of a laminate underlay

The laminated flooring is made of wood, MDF and fiberboard. In addition to the advantages, such materials have their own disadvantages, which should be smoothed out by a high-quality substrate for the laminate. Therefore, such a layer provides:

• Excellent soundproofing. Laminate floors are characterized by one rather unpleasant minus - a loud sound from footsteps, which is heard everywhere. And the insulating layer, laid on the sub-floor, perfectly absorbs sound. Certain types of laminate (usually class 32 or 33) can have an integrated sound insulation system.
• Smooth surface, since such a lining smooths out small irregularities in the screed and hides minor differences in the base.

Note! It is unacceptable that the thickness of the substrate under the laminate exceeds 3 mm. Since a too thick layer of insulation at the joints will bend, and may cause damage to the connecting locks.

• Moisture insulation. The underlayment protects the surface of the laminate from moisture, and also provides an optimal microclimate between the base and the new floor covering.

In addition, the laminate substrate has low thermal conductivity. It provides thermal insulation for the floor due to its high thermal insulation properties. Therefore, the laminated coating and the substrate under it are economically unprofitable to use with , since they significantly reduce the efficiency of such a heating system.

The main types of laminate liners and their features

There are many different insulating materials on the construction market. Therefore, in order to determine which substrate to choose for the laminate, you need to have an idea of ​​the main types of such material.

Depending on the material of manufacture, the lining for the laminated coating can be:

Cork

It is produced from natural tree bark chips. It is an excellent insulating layer that is not subject to decay and mildew. Differs in environmental friendliness, durability and high wear resistance.

But cork lining has its own drawbacks - the high cost of such material, so the cork should not be used in combination with a cheap coating.

Advice! Cork substrates should not be installed in rooms with high humidity (bathroom or kitchen), as they do not tolerate moisture. It is also not recommended to use such a substrate if the subsequent installation of a warm floor is provided.

Polyethylene foam

Such isolon-based substrates are the most economical option with high moisture resistance, low weight and good fillability. This material is convenient to work with, but it tears easily and quickly crumples during operation.

Styrofoam

Such insulating material usually consists of two layers - aluminum foil and polystyrene. There are also substrates of one layer of extruded polystyrene foam.

The advantages of such a gasket include excellent sound insulation, ease of installation, as well as an affordable cost. It serves as a good protection against moisture and fungus, and is also able to hide the roughness of the rough base.

But the material from expanded polystyrene also has its drawbacks: it rolls poorly during installation and can lose its shape under direct load.

To answer the question: which substrate is better for the laminate, you need to objectively assess the conditions in which it will be used. And also compare its cost with the price of laminated flooring.

Cork underlays will be an excellent option for laying under expensive flooring, and are perfect for children's and playrooms, as well as for rooms with normal humidity levels.

How to properly lay your own laminate flooring? Having looked you will perfectly learn how to lay laminate without the help of professionals!

Hurry up and become a laminate laying guru!

PE foam pads are best used in rooms with high humidity and placed on boards. Such a substrate can significantly reduce material costs for arranging a laminated floor.

Expanded polystyrene substrates are a versatile option that has an optimal ratio of quality and price.

Styling features

When installing the insulation on a concrete or stone base, it is imperative to first lay a layer of waterproof film. This will protect the subfloor and flooring from moisture generated by the subfloor. And laying the laminate on a wooden base can be done without using such a film.

Video instructions for laying the substrate and the laminate itself

Please note that the optimal thickness of the substrate for the laminate is 2-3 mm. It is not necessary to use several layers of insulation - this will not level the floor and will contribute to the appearance of unnecessary loads at the joints of the lamellas.

The underlay should be laid perpendicular to the main direction of installation of the laminate. The insulating layer also needs to be installed on the walls, then the laminate will last longer.

The installation process itself depends on the type of substrate. For example, the polyethylene foam lining is easily secured with tape. And the polystyrene gasket is laid with the foil upwards and connected with special aluminum tapes.

Thus, a special underlay for the laminate will provide sound insulation for the new floor and smooth out minor irregularities in the subfloor. Such an insulating material has a number of positive characteristics and is presented on the construction market in a wide range. Therefore, you can always choose a laminate lining that will suit your operating conditions.