What a prince Oleg looked like. The Board of Prince Oleg (briefly). Domestic policy of the reign of Prince Oleg
Oleg Novgorodsky is usually beginning to deduct the formation of ancient Russian power. The figure is really a sign, because I defined the beginning of a new era, a new era. His life, like death, has many mysteries for historians. But still the prince of Oleg is prophetic, the brief biography of which will be discussed below, is a person quite interesting for researchers and ordinary lovers of antiquity.
Appearance in Russia
The biography of which we are known only briefly, is considered the founder of the ancient Russian state. He was a relative of the legendary Varyag Rurik, that is, the brother Efanda was a commander's wife. There is an opinion that he was an ordinary governor, to whom Viking immensely trusted. Otherwise, would he commit him to take his young son? It should be assumed that Oleg acted under the agreement with Rurik, and maybe he had certain freedom. One way or another, but rather quickly he seized Smolensk and love, and then Kiev. By the way, the Zlatovochiy city was captured by a cunning: Varyag smeared because of the walls (which were also probably wiking) and killed them, declaring himself a prince.
Achievements and successes
Prince Oleg, whose biography is considered in this article, strengthened the power whether the tribes of the Slavs neighboring with Kiev, whether to conquer them. He installed a tribute for them, which is not strongly in humans. But his military successes were really impressive. Hiking vs. Khazar saved Russian lands from the need to pay Kaganat the Foul. The great Tsargrad fell on the gates of which, according to the chronicle, the prince nailed his shield. As a result, Russian merchants could trade without duties with Byzantia, receive all sorts of support from it. Thus, the prince Oleg is prophetic, the brief biography of which is considered above, has more merit to Russia than Rurik. Moreover, there is almost nothing to know about the prince of dynasty.
Hike to Tsargrad.
Prince Oleg, the brief biography of which is covered in the story of the time of age, is an outstanding personality. He organized a famous campaign to Constantinople, after which he got his nickname - prophetic. The chronicle states that he sent a huge army on two thousand rooks to the city. Each boat was placed four tent of the warriors. The emperor ordered to close the gate of the capital, leaving the suburbs and villages on the enemies. But the Kiev prince ordered to attach the wheels to the ships, on which the army came to the gate of Tsargrad. Byzantines were in bewilderment, therefore surrendered, offering Oleg generous tribute and peace.
And was there a goal?
Prince Oleg, whose short biography There is practically in every textbook of history, - the figure is contrary to. Researchers have more questions than answers about his life. For example, the fact of the campaign on Byzantium seems unreliable. All because the authors from Constantinople described in detail all attacks on their country, but they do not mention the campaign. In addition, the return from Tsargrad Oleg and Vladimir the Great is very similar. Perhaps this is a description of the same event. At the same time, after Oleg, Igor went to the southern city, who also won. This is stated by European authors who led the chronicles of those years.
Was a snake?
Oleg, whose biography is also known from the lessons of literature, died just as mysteriously, as appeared in Russia. The same describes that once the welfare predicted him death from his beloved horse. Varyag was superstitious, so I sat on another animal, and the favorite instructed the servants, ordering to take care of him before his death. I remembered the ruler about him during the pyr, but it turned out that the horse had long died. Cooking a pet and angry, which believed the wise, the prince went to the bones. But when he came to the skull, I saw a snake, which immediately stung him in the leg. Oleg died from poison.
Prince Oleg, whose biography has long been studied, he could perish another death. And the tale of the horse and the snake may be borrowed from Saga about Orvard Odde. Although some scientists believe that the hero of the Scandinavian legends and the prophetic Oleg are the same face. But there are several facts that make it possible to think about whether the plot about the death of the prince is true. Among them are the following:
Could the snake contact the leather boot, which was worn in Russia? Most likely, no, or Oleg came to the hill to the bones of the horse bare?
And what if the snake jumped and bites the prince above the shining boot? But on the territory of Ukraine in such viper there is no!
As a rule, the snake before the horrid, hits and is trying to wage. Could this not notice Oleg or his close?
As an option, the prince died from poison, but the snake hit him on purpose or poisoned Oleg in advance. Set where the truth, unfortunately, is impossible.
A few more interesting facts
Russian Prince Oleg, whose biography is already known to the reader, is mentioned not only in the chronicles of Kiev and Novgorod. Al-Masidi (Arabic author) talks about the unsuccessful campaign of Rus (500 ships!) On the chel with Olang and Al-Dir to Persia. Part of the production was given to Khazaras, but the latter betrayed them and killed everyone. About thirty thousandwriters died there, and who retreated for the Caspian, were interrupted by Volzhsky Bulgarians. Thus, the legendary prince died in a campaign, as befells brave Varana.
Here is such a smart and warlike prince Oleg. His biography is full of white spots, because of which a halo of mysteriousness and mysteriousness remains around this figure. Perhaps the time will find answers to all questions.
Prince Oleg - Biography
How do we know about Prince Oleg, nicknamed.
Of the two chronicles:
- Tale of temporary years
- Novgorod first chronicle.
Having received power over the Novgorod lands after Rüric's death, like the regent of his young son Igor, Oleg seized Kiev and moved the capital there, uniting, thereby, two main centers of the Eastern Slavs. He died in 912.
The exact origin of Oleg in the "Tale of Bygone Years" is not specified. It is said only that he was a rhodium (tribesman) Rüric.
And what does Novgorodsky first chronicle say about Oleg?
In the Novgorod first chronicle, Oleg is depicted not by the prince, but the governor at the game. This Igor kills Askold, captures Kiev and goes war on Byzantium. And Oleg returned back to the north, in Ladoga, where he died not in 912, but in 922. Novgorod chronicle reports another version of the death of Oleg: some say that Oleg left "for the sea" and died there.
Two chronicles depict events completely differently.
What chronicler to believe?
Let's start with the fact that the Tale of Bygone Year is recognized by all the main historical source for the reconstruction of the past ancient Russian state. But this does not mean that all the information she sets out is absolutely reliable. For confidence in Oleg from this chronicling, says the Russian-Byzantine agreement of 911, where Oleg is called the Grand Duke Russian, who concludes an agreement on his own behalf.
And what about Novgorod chronicle? The Novgorod chronicle has kept fragments of an earlier chronicle of the arch, which is based and "Tale of Bygone Years", therefore also deserves a certain confidence. According to a number of researchers, this chronicle is even older than PVL. Its information is best consistent with the eastern news of the Rus of this period.
And what to do historians? So far, historians are usually in scientific, popular science and educational texts use information taken from the Tale of Bygone Years.
Board of Prince Oleg
Prince Oleg is presented according to the versatile age of a skillful commander and prudent politician. For the first time in this chronicle, it is reported in 879 in connection with the death of Rurik. The reign switched to him as "Riding" Rurik and guardian above Igor - his young son. Thus, Oleg Rules in 879-882. In the East Slavonic North, Ilmensky Slovenia, Curvic and the surrounding Finno-Ugrov (Meri, Mary tribes).
In 882, collecting warriors from many people living in the north of Russia, Oleg made a trip to the south. He captured Smolensk, Lyubek, then the way was lying on Kiev. In Kiev, the former warrina Rurik Askold and Deer ruled. In 866, they were released by Rurik on a campaign on Byzantium. After returning from the campaign, Askold and Dir assieved in Kiev.
Reaching Kiev, Oleg sent to them the ambassador with the words: "The merchants we, we are going to the Greeks from Oleg and from Igor Prince, and come to your family and to us." Askold and Dir came ... Oleg, hid some warriors in the rooks, and left others for them, and he himself went forward, and in the hands of the young Prince Igor, and announced to them: "You are not a princess and not a princess "
After checking the heir to Rurik, young Igor, Oleg said: "And he is the son of Rurik." And they killed Askold and Dira.
The location of Kiev seemed to the prince of Oleg very comfortable. The city was approximately in the middle of the most important trading path "from Varyag to Greeks." He settled there with a friend, declaring: "Let it be the mother of the cities of the Russians."
Thus, in 882, the Kiev prince Oleg united under his authority two main points of folding statehood in East Slavic tribes: Kiev region ("Kuyabu" - in foreign sources) and Novgorod ("Slavia"). Lands of North and South Russia became a single state - Kievan Rus. The date of 882, many modern historians take for the conditional date of the birth of ancient Russian state, and Prince Oleg is considered to be the founder and the first ruler.
Years of the reign of Prince Oleg in Kiev - 882-912. According to the Tale of Bygone Years, after the death of Oleg, the son of Rurik Igor (912-945) becomes the son of Knnyazy Kyiv.
Rocking in Kiev, Oleg installed for Novgorod tribute to Varyagam in 300 hryvnia.
Subsequent years, Prince Oleg devoted to the conquest of the Slavic peoples neighboring with Kiev on the left and right banks of the Dnieper - Drevlyan, Northerners, Polyan, Radmich, many nations before that were dependent on the Khazar and paid them tribute.
Camping Prince Oleg on Byzantium
We will learn about this campaign from the Tale of Bygone Years, which reports that in 907 Prince Oleg, collecting a huge army, on ships whose number reached 2000, moved to Tsargrad. According to estimates, the number of warriors reached 80 thousand, and consisted of scary and soldiers of the subjects of Slavic and non-Slavic peoples.
Access to enemy ships in the harbor of Constantinople Greeks blocked the chain. However, Prince Oleg came up with how to get around this obstacle. He ordered to put ships on the wheels. The innumerable Armada associated wind drove away from land to the walls of the Byzantine capital. The Greeks were frightened and requested the world. Prince Oleg demanded a large tribute - 12 hryvnia for each warrior. He hung his shield on the gates of Tsargrad to the gates. Prince Oleg after this campaign nicknamed the prophetic.
However, not all researchers are confident that such a campaign was at all.
Supporters of the idea that the campaign took place, as evidence refer to the accuracy of the Russian-Byzantine agreement of 911 prisoners after him. And the contract was exceptionally successful. Russian merchants received the right of duty-free trade in Constantinople, six months could live in the metropolitan suburb in the monastery of St. Mammoth, due to the Byzantine side to receive food and repair their looses. This contract could well be preceded by the brilliant victory of Prince Oleg.
But there are serious arguments in favor of the opinion on the legendar of the campaign, since only Russian sources speak about such a significant event, but Greek silent. But the numerous enemy siege and attacks who were subjected to Constantinople over the centuries, the Byzantine authors were described often and colorfully. Thus were described and the attacks of Russia in 860 and 941. And about this campaign and taking Tsargrad - not a word.
Death of Prince Oleg
Died prince in 912. The legend says that the Magi predicted the prince of Oleg death from his own beloved horse. The prince ordered him to lead him and about the sinister prophecy remembered only a few years later, when the horse died long ago. Laughing the hassles, he wanted to look at the bone of the horse, and said, put on the Skull one foot: "Do I be afraid of him?". From the skull to the same moment crawled the snake, and caused a deadly bite by the prince.
Of course, this is just a legend, recorded several centuries after the death of Oleg. The legendary prince is legendary death.
Results of the reign of Prince Oleg
Let's summarize the reign of the first head of the ancient Russian state.
Internal Policy of Prince Oleg
Scientists are associated with the jurisdiction of Oleg in Kiev, significant events of ancient Russian history. First of all, the territorial core of the ancient Russian state was laid. Under it, Kiev became a new residence of the ancient Russian power. The Supreme Ruler of Oleg recognized the tribes of Ilmensky Slovenia, Krivichi, Pollas, Northerners, Drevlyan, Vyatichi, Radmich, Radmich and Tivers. Through its governors and local princes, he managed to lay the foundations of the state administration of a young country. The annual detours of the population (FULLDER) laid the foundation for judicial and tax systems.
Foreign Policy of Prince Oleg
Prince Oleg and Active Foreign Policy. Before him, during the two centuries, Khazar Kaganat collected tribute from a number of East Slavic lands. Oleg fought with Khazari, and freed Slavs from Dani Kaganat. At the borders of Oleg Power in 898, Hungarians appeared, crossing Europe from Asia. The prince managed to establish peaceful relations with this militant people. The campaign of Oleg in 907 to the capital of the Byzantine Empire Tsargrad (Constantinople) was crowned with a brilliant victory. In 909, Russia and the Byzantine Empire concluded a military agreement on the Union. But the trade agreement was especially successful, according to which the Russian merchants received uniquely for that time the right of duty-free trade with Byzantium, and in the event of needed, full provision of food and shipping masters for repairing their looses.
Chichagov Vasily Yakovlevich
Excellent commanded the Baltic Fleet in the campaign 1789 and 1790. Victory in the battle in Elanda (15.7.1789), in Revelsky (2.5.1790) and Vyborg (22.06.1790) battles. After the last two lesions that had strategic importance, the domination of the Baltic Fleet became a powerless, and this forced the Swedes to go to the world. In the history of Russia, few such examples when victories on the sea led to victory in the war. And by the way, the Vyborg battle was one of the largest in world history in the number of ships and people.
Kuznetsov Nikolai Gerasimovich
A great contribution to the strengthening of the fleet before the war; He conducted a number of major teachings, became the initiator of the opening of new maritime schools and sea specials (later Nakhimov schools). On the eve of the Sudden Attack of Germany, the USSR accepted effective measures to increase the combat readiness of fleets, and on the night of June 22 he gave an order to bring them to complete combat readiness, which made it possible to avoid losses of ships and sea aviation.
Dolgorukov Yuri Alekseevich
An outstanding statesman and commander of the era of the king Alexei Mikhailovich, Prince. The commander of the Russian army in Lithuania, in 1658 defeated Hetman V. Gonsievsky in the battle under the top, taking him to captivity. It was the first case after 1500 when the Russian paradise captivated hetman. In 1660, at the head of the army, sent under the Mogilev deposited by the Polish-Lithuanian troops, won a strategic victory over the enemy on the Bass River at the village of Gubarevo, forcing the hethens P. Sapega and S. Charnetsky to retreat from the city. Thanks to the banner of Dolgorukova, the "front line" in Belarus on the Dnieper remained until the end of the war 1654-1667. In 1670, he headed the army aimed at combating the Cossacks of the walls of Razin, as soon as possible was suppressed by the Cossack rebellion, which later led to the oath of the Don Cossacks on the faithfulness of the king and the transformation of the Cossacks from the robbers in the "sovereign servants".
Wrangel Peter Nikolaevich
Member of the Russian-Japanese and First World War, one of the main leaders (1918-1920) of white traffic during the civil war. Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army in Crimea and Poland (1920). General Staff, Lieutenant General (1918). St. George Cavalier.
Suvorov Alexander Vasilyevich
The commander did not lose one battle in his career. He took an impregnable fortress Izmail, from the first time.
Peter the First
Because not only walked the lands of fathers, but also approved the status of Russia as a power!
Rurikovich (Grozny) Ivan Vasilyevich
In the diversity of perception of Ivan the Terrible, it is often forgotten about its unconditional talent and achievements as a commander. He personally supervised the Take of Kazan and organized military reform, leading to the country, which at the same time led 2-3 wars on different fronts.
Llest prince Wittgenstein Peter Christianovich
For the defeat of the French parts of Udioso and McDonald in Klastitz, thereby closing the road for the French army to Petersburg in 1812. Then in October 1812 defeated the Saint-Sira Corps in Polotsk. He was the commander-in-chief of the Russian-Prussian armies in April-May 1813.
Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich
The highest contribution as a strategist in victory in the Great Patriotic War (it is the Second World War).
Svyatoslav Igorevich
Great Prince Novgorod, from 945 Kiev. Son of the Grand Prince Igor Rurikovich and Princess Olga. Svyatoslav became famous as a great commander, which N.M. Karamzin called "Alexander (Macedonian) of our ancient history."
After routing hiking of Svyatoslav Igorevich (965-972), the territory of the land of Russian increased from the Volga region to the Caspian Sea, from the North Caucasus to the Black Sea, from the Balkan Mountains to Byzantium. Won Khazaria and Volzhskaya Bulgaria, weakened and frightened the Byzantine Empire, opened the way to trade Rus with the Eastern countries
Kutuzov Mikhail Illarionovich
Of course, worthy of explanation and evidence, in my opinion, is not required. It's just surprising that his name is not in the list. The list was preparing representatives of the EMG-generation?
Spiridov Grigory Andreevich
He became a sailor in Peter I, the officer participated in the Russian-Turkish war (1735-1739), a seven-year war (1756-1763) finished counter-admiral. The top of his fleece and diplomatic talent achieved in the Russian-Turkish war 1768-1774. In 1769, he headed the first transition of the Russian fleet from Baltic to the Mediterranean Sea. Despite the difficulties of the transition (the son of Admiral was among the dead from diseases, his grave was found recently on O. Meal), quickly established control over the Greek archipelago. Chesme battle in June 1770 remained unsurpassed by the ratio of losses: 11 Russians - 11 thousand Turks! On the island of Paros was equipped with a naval base of ayus with coastal batteries and its own admiralty.
The Russian fleet left the Mediterranean after the conclusion of the Kuchuk-Kainardzhi world in July 1774. Greek islands and land of Levant, including Beirut, Turkey was returned to exchange in the territory in the Black Sea region. Nevertheless, the activities of the Russian fleet in the archipelago were not in vain and played a prominent role in world naval history. Russia, having committed a strategic maneuver with the forces of the fleet from one theater to another and having achieved a number of high-profile victories over the enemy, for the first time for the first time talking about himself as a strong marine power and an important player in European politics.
Rurik Svyatoslav Igorevich
Year of birth 942 Date of death 972 Expansion of state borders. 965G Conquest Khazar, 963g Hiking south to the Kuban area Take the Timutarakani, 969 Conquest of the Volga Bulgars, 971g Conquesting of the Bulgarian Kingdom, 968g The foundation of Pereyaslavtsa on the Danube (New Capital of Russia), 969g the defeat of the Pechenegs in the protection of Kiev.
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich
Stalin in the years of the Patriotic War carried out leadership by all the armed forces of our homeland and coordinated their fighting. It is impossible not to note his merit in competent planning and organizing military operations, in the skillful selection of military leaders and their assistants. Joseph Stalin showed himself not only as an outstanding commander, who with knowledge of the case carried out leadership by all the fronts, but also an excellent organizer who made tremendous work to increase the country's defense capability both in the pre-war and in the war years.
A brief list of military awards I.V. Stalin, received in the years of World War II:
Order of Suvorov I degree
Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"
Order "Victory"
Medal "Golden Star" Hero of the Soviet Union
Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945."
Medal "For the victory over Japan"
Muravyov-Karsky Nikolai Nikolaevich
One of the most successful commander of the mid-19th century in the Turkish direction.
The hero of the first capture of Kars (1828), the head of the second capture of Kars (the largest success of the Crimean War, 1855, which made it possible to complete the war without territorial losses for Russia).
Karyagin Pavel Mikhailovich
The campaign of Colonel Karyagin against Persians in 1805 is not similar to the real military history. It looks like a prequel to "300 Spartans" (20,000 Persians, 500 Russians, gorges, bayonet attacks, "This is madness! - No, this is the 17th English regiment!"). Golden, platinum page of Russian history, combining madness slaughter with the highest tactical skill, amazing cunning and stunning Russian hectares
Belov Pavel Alekseevich
He led the equestrian corps during the Second World War. Excellent showed himself at the Moscow battle, especially in defensive battles under Tula. It was especially distinguished by the Rzhev-Vyazemsky operation where he left the environment after 5 months of stubborn battles.
Makhno Nestor Ivanovich
Behind the mountains, for shares
Waed to Sinіv's dear long
Batko Mudry, Batko Slavny,
Batko Doodle Our - Makhno ...
(Peasant Song of the Civil War Song)
I was able to create an army, led successful hostilities against Austro-Germans, against Denikin.
And for * Tachacani * Even if he was not assigned the Order of the Red Banner, then it should be done now
General Yermolov
Dovator Lev Mikhailovich
Soviet military commander, Major General, Hero of the Soviet Union. It is known for successful operations to destroy German troops during the Great Patriotic War. For the head of the Dovator, the German command appointed a major reward.
Together with the 8th Guards Division in the name of General-Major I. V. Panfilov, the 1st Guards Tank Brigade of General M. E. Katukuv and other troops of the 16th army, his corps defended the approaches to Moscow on the Volokolamian direction.
John 4 Vasilyevich
Ushakov Fedor Fedorovich
In the Russian-Turkish War, 1787-1791 F. F. Ushakov made a serious contribution to the development of the sailing fleet tactics. Based on the entire set of principles for the preparation of the forces of the fleet and military art, which fueling the entire accumulated tactical experience, F. F. Ushakov acted creatively, based on the specific situation and common sense. His actions were distinguished by decisiveness and extraordinary courage. He without hesitation rebuilt the fleet in combat order already with a direct convergence with the enemy, minimizing the time of tactical deployment. Despite the current tactical rule of finding the commander in the middle of combat order, Ushakov, implementing the principle of focusing forces, boldly put his ship forward and occupied the most dangerous provisions, encouraging his commanders with his own courage. It was distinguished by a quick assessment of the situation, the exact calculation of all success factors and a decisive attack, aimed at achieving a complete victory over the enemy. In this regard, Admiral F. F. Ushakov can rightly be considered the founder of the Russian tactical school in naval art.
Bobrok-Volynsky Dmitry Mikhailovich
Boyar and Governor of the Grand Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy. "Developer" tactics of the Kulikovsky battle.
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich
Victory in the Great Patriotic War, the salvation of the entire planet from the absolute evil, and our country from disappearance.
Stalin from the first hours of war carried out the management of the country, front and rear. On land, on the sea and in the air.
His merit is not one and not even ten battles or campaigns, his merit is a victory, folded from a hundred battles of the Great Patriotic War: Battle near Moscow, battles in the North Caucasus, Stalingrad Battle, Battle on the Kursk Arc, battles near Leningrad and many others before taking Berlin, success in which was achieved due to the monotonous inhuman work of the genius of the Supreme Commander.
Alekseev Mikhail Vasilyevich
One of the most talented Russian generals of the First World War. Hero of the Galic Battle of 1914, the Savior of the North-West Front from the Environment in 1915, Chief of Staff under the Emperor Nicolae I.
General from Infanteria (1914), Adjutant General (1916). An active member of the White Movement in the Civil War. One of the organizers of the Volunteer Army.
Nakhimov Pavel Stepanovich
Baklanov Yakov Petrovich
Cossack General, "Thunder of the Caucasus", Jacob Petrovich Blanov, one of the colorful heroes of the infinite Caucasian war of the beginning of the century, perfectly fits into the usual image of Russia. The sullen two-meter warrior, the tireless persecutor of the Highlanders and Poles, the enemy of political correctness and democracy in any of their manifestations. But it was precisely such people who were mined for the empire a difficult victory in many years of confrontation with residents of the North Caucasus and nonlaskaya local nature
Kotlyarevsky Peter Stepanovich
General Kotlyarevsky, Son of the priest village of Olkhovatki Kharkiv province. Passed the way from ordinary to the general in the royal army. It can be called the great-grandfather of Russian special forces. He spent truly unique operations ... His name is worthy of entering into the list of the greatest commander of Russia
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich
People's Commissar of the Defense of the USSR, Generalissimus of the Soviet Union, the Supreme Commander. Brilliant USSR Military Guide in World War II.
Ivan III Vasilyevich
Combined Russian lands around Moscow, threw off the hated Tatar-Mongolian Igo.
Donskoy Dmitry Ivanovich
His army won the Kulikovskaya victory.
Denikin Anton Ivanovich
One of the most talented and successful commander of the First World War. The leaving of a poor family made a brilliant military career, leaning exclusively on his own virtues. Participant Rady, PMW, Lew of the Nikolaev Academy of General Staff. Its talent fully implemented commands by the legendary "iron" brigade, then deployed to the division. Member and one of the main actors of the Brusilov breakthrough. He remained a man of honor and after the collapse of the army, the Bykhov prisoner. A member of the ice hike and commander of the disease. For more than a year and a half, possessing very modest resources and much yielded by the number of Bolsheviks, having won the victory, freeing the huge territory.
Also, do not forget that Anton Ivanovich is a wonderful and very successful publicist, and his books are still very popular. An extraordinary, talented commander, an honest Russian man in a heavy godine for the Motherland, who was not afraid to light Sveta Hope.
Linenevich Nikolai Petrovich
Nikolai Petrovich Linenevich (December 24, 1838 - April 10, 1908) - a prominent Russian military leader, General from Infanteria (1903), Adjutant General (1905); General who took the assault Beijing.
Kovpak Sidor Artemyevich
The participant of the First World War (the service was held in the 186th Infantry Aslanduis regiment) and civil wars. During the First World War, he fought on the south-western front, a participant in Brusilovsky breakthrough. In April 1915, as part of Honorable guard was personally awarded by Nikolai II by Georgievsky cross. In total, he was awarded by St. George's Crosses of III and IV degrees and medals "for courage" ("Georgievsky" medals) III and IV degrees.
During the Civil War, he headed the local partisan detachment, fought in Ukraine with German invaders together with the detachments of A. Ya. Parkhomenko, then he was a fighter of the 25th Chapaev division on the Eastern Front, where he was engaged in disarming the Cossacks, participated in battles with the armies of the generals A. and . Denikina and Wrangel on the South Front.
In 1941-1942, the conjunction of the Kovpak was carried out raids in the rear of the enemy in Sumy, Kursk, Oryol and Bryansk regions, in 1942-1943 - a raid from the Bryansk forests to the right-bank Ukraine in the Gomel, Pinskaya, Volyn, Rivne, Zhytomyr and Kiev regions; In 1943 - the Carpathian raid. Sumy partisan connection under the command of the Kovpak passed with battles on the grounds of the German-fascist troops more than 10 thousand kilometers, defeated the enemy garrisons in 39 settlements. The Kovpak raids played a big role in the deployment of the partisan movement against the German invaders.
Double Hero of the Soviet Union:
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 18, 1942 for the exemplary implementation of combat missions in the rear of the enemy, courage and heroism, manifested with their implementation, Kotovpak Sidor Artemyevich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Golden Star Medal (No. 708)
The second medal "Golden Star" (No.) General-Major Kovpak Sidor Artemyevich was awarded the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 4, 1944 for the successful holding of the Carpathian raid
Four Order of Lenin (18.5.1942, 4.1.1944, 23.1.1948, 25.5.1967)
Order of the Red Banner (12/24/1942)
Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky I degree. (7.8.1944)
Order of Suvorov I degree (2.5.1945)
Medals
Foreign Order and Medals (Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia)
Slaryov Yakov Alexandrovich
Denikin Anton Ivanovich
The commander, under the beginning of which the White Army smaller for 1.5 years defeated the Red Army and took possession of the North Caucasus, Crimea, Novorossia, Donbass, Ukraine, Don, part of the Volga region and the Central Chernozem Gubnerships of Russia. Preserved the dignity of the Russian name and during the Second World War, refusing to cooperate with the Nazis, despite the irreconcilable anti-Soviet position
Kalievich Jeronim Petrovich
Soviet warlord, teammaderm 1st rank (1935). Member of the Communist Party from March 1917. Born in the village of APANDRYUS (now the Utensky district of the Lithuanian SSR) in the family of the Lithuanian peasant. He graduated from Konstantinovsky Artillery School (1916). Participant of the 1st World War 1914-18, a podoruk. After the October Revolution, 1917 was one of the organizers of the Red Guard in Bessarabia. In January - February 1918 he commanded a revolutionary detachment in the battles against the Romanian and Austro-German interventory, was injured and captured, from where he ran in August 1918. He was an instructor of artillery, the commander of the Dvinsky Brigade on the North Front, from December 1918, the head of the 18th rifle divisions of the 6th Army. From October 1919 to February 1920, the commander of the 14th Army with the defeat of the troops of General Denikin, in March - April 1920 commanded the 9th Army in the North Caucasus. In May - July and November - December 1920, the commander of the 14th Army in the battles against the troops of Bourgeois Poland and Petlyurovtsev, in July - November 1920 - the 13th Army in the battles against Vrangelev. In 1921, the assistant to the commander of the troops of Ukraine and the Crimea, the deputy commander of the troops of the Tambov province, commander of the forces of the Minsk province, led by combat actions with the defeat of Gang Makhno, Antonova and Bulak Balakhovich. From August 1921, the commander of the 5th Army and the East Siberian Military District. In August - December 1922, the Military Minister of the Far Eastern Republic and the Commander-in-Chief of the People's Revolutionary Army under the liberation of the Far East. He was the commander of the north-caucasian troops (from 1925), Moscow (since 1928) and Belarusian (since 1931) of military districts. From 1926 Member of the USSR RVS, in 1930-31, Deputy Chairman of the USSR RVS and the head of Arms of the Red Army. Since 1934 Member of the NGO Military Council. There was a great contribution to the work of strengthening the defense capability of the USSR, the upbringing and training of team composition and troops. Candidate of the CPS Central Committee (b) in 1930-37. Member of the Central Executive Committee from December 1922. He was awarded 3 orders of the Red Banner and Honorary Revolutionary Weapon.
Prince Svyatoslav
Golovanov Alexander Evgenievich
He is the creator of the Soviet aviation of long-range action (ADD).
Parts under the command of Golovanov bombed Berlin, Koenigsberg, Danzig and other cities in Germany, struck at important strategic objects in the rear of the enemy.
duke Vürttemberg Evgeny
General from infanteria, cousin of Emperors Alexander I and Nikolai I. In the service in the Russian army since 1797, (enrolled by the Colonel in the Leib Guard Equestrian Regiment by Decree of the Emperor Paul I). Participated in military campaigns against Napoleon in 1806-1807. For participation in the battle near Pultusky in 1806, the Order of St. George the Victorious 4th degree was heard, for the campaign of 1807 received the golden weapon "for courage", distinguished himself in the campaign of 1812 (personally drove the 4th English regiment in battle Smolensk), for participation in the battle of Borodino was awarded the Order of the 3rd degree victorious of the 3rd degree. From November 1812, the commander of the 2nd Infantry Corps in the Army of Kutuzov. He took an active part in foreign hits of the Russian army of 1813-1814, part of his command was particularly distinguished in the battle of Kulm in August 1813, and in the "Battle of Peoples" at Leipzig. For courage under Leipzig, the duke of Eugene is heard the Order of St. George 2th degree. Parts of his corps were the first to entered the Paris attacked on April 30, 1814, for which Evgeny Vürttemberg received the title of general from infanteria. From 1818 to 1821. He was the commander of the 1st Army Infantry Corps. Contemporaries considered Prince Evgenia Württemberg one of the best Russian infantry commanders of the period of Napoleonic Wars. From December 21, 1825, Nikolai I was appointed to the chief of the Tauride Grenador regiment, which became referred to as the "Grenadier's His Royal Highness of Prince Evgenia Württemberg Region". On August 22, 1826, Sv.Ap.andrai is granted by the Order of St. Arad. Participated in the Russian-Turkish war 1827-1828. As a commander of the 7th Infantry Corps. On 3 October, defeated a large Turkish squad on the Kamchik River.
Senyavin Dmitry Nikolaevich
Dmitry Nikolaevich Senavin (6 (17) August 1763 - 5 (17) April 1831) - Russian Flotodets, Admiral.
for courage and outstanding diplomatic work manifested when blocking the Russian fleet in Lisabon
Oktyabrsky Filipp Sergeevich
Admiral, Hero of the Soviet Union. In the course of the Great Patriotic War, the commander of the Black Sea Fleet. One of the leaders of the Defense of Sevastopol in 1941 - 1942, as well as the Crimean operation of 1944. In the Great Patriotic War, Vice-Admiral F. S. Oktyabrsky is one of the leaders of the heroic defense of Odessa and Sevastopol. Being the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, at the same time in 1941-1942 he was the commander of a Sevastopol defensive area.
Three orders of Lenin
Three Orders of the Red Banner
Two orders of Ushakov 1st degree
Order Nakhimova 1st degree
Order Suvorov 2nd degree
Order of the Red Star
Medals
Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich
Successfully commanded the Soviet troops during the Great Patriotic War. Among other things, he stopped the Germans near Moscow, Berlin took.
Kazarsky Alexander Ivanovich
Captain Lieutenant. Member of the Russian-Turkish war 1828-29. Districted in the capture of Anapa, then Varna, commanding the transport "rival". After that, it was produced in the captain-lieutenant and appointed captain of the Brigon "Mercury". On May 14, 1829, the 18-gun Brig "Mercury" was overtaken by two Turkish linear ships "Selimie" and "Real-Bee" by adopting an unequal battle Brig was able to immobilize both Turkish flags, on one of which was the commander of the Ottoman fleet itself. Subsequently, an officer with Real Bay wrote: "In continuing the battle, the commander of the Russian frigate (the sad" Rafail ", who gave birth to a few days earlier), told me that the captain of this brig will not surrender, and if he lost hope, then the brig will blow up His own to the air. If the adventures of courage in the great acts of the ancients and our times are, this act should all overheat, and the name of this hero is worthy to be laid out with golden literals on the Temple of Glory: he is called the Captain Lieutenant Kazar, and Brig "Mercury"
Suvorov Mikhail Vasilyevich
The only one can be called generalsimus ... Bagration, Kutuzov His disciples ...
sevorov Alexander Vasilyevich
according to the only criterion, invincibility.
Suvorov Alexander Vasilyevich
Outstanding Russian commander. Successfully defended the interests of Russia from both external aggression and outside the country.
Participated in the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-91 and the Russian-Swedish war 1788-90. Districted during the war with France in 1806-07 at Prelisis-Eilau, from 1807 commanded division. During the Russian-Swedish war, 1808-09 commanded the corps; He led the successful crossing through the spray of the quarter in the winter of 1809. In 1809-10, Governor General Finland. From January 1810 to September 1812, the military minister, he had a great job on strengthening the Russian army, allocated in a separate production of the exploration and counterintelligence service. In the Patriotic War, 1812 commanded the 1st Western Army, as the military minister, the 2nd Western Army was subordinated to him. In the conditions of significant superiority of the enemy showed the talent of the commander and successfully carried out the departure and the connection of the two armies, which he deserved such words M.I. Kutuzova as the father of his native !!! Saving an army !!! Saving Russia !!!. However, the retreat caused discontent in the noble circles and the army, and on August 17, Barclay passed the command of the army M.I. Kutuzov. In Borodino battle, he commanded the right wing of the Russian army, showing persistence and art in defense. He recognized the position chosen by L. Bennigsen's position near Moscow unsuccessful and supported the proposal of M. I. Kutuzov on the military council in filily. In September 1812, the army left for illness. In February, 1813 was appointed commander of the 3rd, and then the Russian-Prussian army, which was successfully commanded during foreign trips of the Russian Army 1813-14 (Kulm, Leipzig, Paris). He was buried in the estate of Beklor in Liflandia (now Yygevesste Estonia)
Voronov Nikolai Nikolaevich
N.N. Voronov is the commander of the artillery of the Armed Forces of the USSR. For outstanding merits to the birthplace of Voronov N.N. The first in the Soviet Union was assigned the military ranks "Marshal Artillery" (1943) and "The Chief Marshal of Artillery" (1944).
... implemented general management of liquidation surrounded under the German fascist stalingrad.
Margelov Vasily Filippovich
Creator of modern airborne. When the first time was landed on the parachute of the BMD with the crew, the commander in her was his son. In my opinion, this fact speaks about such a wonderful person as V.F. Margelov, all. About his dedication to airborne troops!
Minih Borhard Christopher
One of the best Russian commander and military engineers. The first commander entered into the Crimea. Winner at the stands.
Nevsky, Suvorov
Of course, the holy blessing prince Alexander Nevsky and Generalissimus A.V. Suvorov.
Yuri Vsevolodovich
Chuikov Vasily Ivanovich
"There are a city in vast Russia, which was given my heart, he entered the story as Stalingrad ..." V.I. Chukov
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich
He was the Supreme Commander of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War! Under his leadership, the USSR won the great victory during the Great Patriotic War!
Katukov Mikhail Efimovich
Perhaps a uniform bright spot against the background of Soviet commanders of armored troops. Tankist, who passed the whole war, starting with the border. The commander whose tanks always showed the opponent to their excellence. His tank brigades are the only (!) In the first period of war, which were not defeated by the Germans and even inflicted them a significant damage.
His first Guards tank army remained combatant, although defended from the first days of the battle on the southern Face of the Kursk Arc, while the exact same 5 Guards tank army of Rothmistrov was practically destroyed on the first day when he entered the battle (12 yyun)
This is one of the few of our commander, who Bereg's troops and fought not by the number, and the ability.
Kornilov Lavr Georgievich
Kornilov Laurea Georgievich (08/18/1870-31.04.1918) Colonel (02.1905). Central Major (12.1912). Initial-lieutenant (08/26/1914). Genulel from infanteria (06/30/1917). Social With the Gold Medal of the Nikolaev Academy of General Staff (1898). Ph. at the headquarters of the Turkestan Military District, 1889-1904. Particard Russian-Japanese War 1904 - 1905: Headquarters of the 1st Rifle Brigade (in her headquarters). In the depths from Mukden Brigade He got into the environment. Having headed the Ariergard, the Schoykov attack broke through the environment, providing freedom of defensive combat operations Brigades. Military attache in China, 04/01/1907 - 24.02.1911. Particard of the First World War: Commander of the 48th Infantry Division of the 8th Army (General Brusilov). With the general retreat of the 48th division, the division went into the environment and the wounded of the Kornilov General 04.1915 from Duklinsky Pass (Carpathians) was captured; 08.1914-04.1915. In captivity of the Austrians, 04.1915-06.1916. Dressing into the form of the Austrian soldier, 06.1915 ran from the captivity. Comandir25th of the Rifle Corps, 06.1916-04.1917. Committing by the Petrograd Military District, 03-04.1917. Momentive 8th Army, 24.04-8.07.1917. 05/19/1917 their order introduced the formation of the first volunteer "1st shock detachment of the 8th Army" under the command of Captain Nezhestan. Commander South-Western Front ...
Kondratenko Roman Isidovich
Warrior of honor without fear and reproach, Soul Defense Port Arthur.
Jugashvili Joseph Vissarionovich
Collected and coordinated the actions of the team of talented military leaders
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich
At the Soviet people, like the most talented, large number of prominent military leaders, but the main one is Stalin. Without him, it may not have been many of them as a military.
The greatest commander of the Second World War. Two people in history were honored by the Order of Victory twice: Vasilevsky and Zhukov, but after the Wasilevsky Wasil Most, he became Minister of Defense of the USSR. His colonical genius is unsurpassed by a single commander of the world.
Drozdovsky Mikhail Gordeevich
Chuikov Vasily Ivanovich
Commander of 62 army in Stalingrad.
Nevsky Alexander Yaroslavich
Defeat by the Swedish detachment on July 15, 1240 at the Neva and Teutonic Order, Danes in Ice Bare on April 5, 1242. Without life, he "won, but was invincible." The exceptional role in Russian history in the dramatic period, when Rus has undergone a strike with Three sides of the Catholic West, Lithuania and the Golden Horde. Protected Orthodoxy from Catholic expansion. It feels like the blessed holy. http://www.pravoslavie.ru/put/39091.htm
Petrov Ivan Efimovich
Defense Odessa, Defense Sevastopol, Liberation of Slovakia
Kosic Andrei Ivanovich
1. For his long life (1833 - 1917), A. I. Kosich was the way from the Officer officer to the general commanding one of the largest military districts of the Russian Empire. He took an active part in almost all military campaigns from the Crimean to the Russian-Japanese. Was disting from personal courage and courage.
2. According to many, "one of the most educated generals of the Russian army." Left the identity of literary and scientific works and memories. Patronized sciences and education. Conducted to be a talented administrator.
3. Its example served as the formation of many Russian military leaders, in particular, the gene. A. I. Denikina.
4. He was a decisive opponent of the use of the army against his people, which was divided from P. A. Stolypin. "The army should shoot the enemy, and not in their own people."
Barclay de Tolly Mikhail Bogdanovich
Full kavaler of the Order of St. George. In the history of military art, according to Western authors (for example: J. Chitter), he entered as an architect of the strategy and tactics of the "scorched land" - cuts off the main troops of the enemy from the rear, deprivation of their supply and organization in their rear of the partisan war. M.V. Kutuzov after taking the command of the Russian army, in fact, continued the tactics developed by Barclay de Toll and defeated Napoleon's army.
In his short military career, there was practically no failure, both in battles with the troops of I. Balnikov and with Polish-Liovski and Tushinsky "troops. Ability to build a combat-ready army practically "from scratch", teach, use to place and during the Swedish mercenaries, to choose successful Russian team personnel to liberate and protect the enormous territory of the Russian North-West Territory and the liberation of Central Russia, persistent and planned offensive, skillful tactics in The fight against the magnificent Polish-Lithuanian cavalry, undoubted personal courage - here are the qualities that, with all the little knownness of his acts, give him the right to be called a great commander of Russia.
Cesarevich and Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich
The Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, the second son of Emperor Paul I, for participating in the Swiss campaign A.V. Svorov received the title Cesarevich in 1799, retained him until 1831. In the battle of Austrlice, he commanded the Guards Reserve of the Russian Army, took the fate of 1812 in the Patriotic War, distinguished himself in foreign hits of the Russian army. For the "Battle of Peoples" at Leipzig in 1813 received the "Golden Weapon" "for courage!". Inspector General of Russian Cavalry, since 1826, the governor of the kingdom of Polish.
Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich
The only one from the commanders, who has completed the order of the bet on 06/22/1941, counted the Germans, threw them on its site and moved to the offensive.
Kolovrat Evpathy Lvovich
Ryazan boyar and the governor. During the invasion of Batya, Ryazan was in Chernigov. Having learned about the invasion of Mongols hastily moved to the city. Making Ryazan all the ones, Evpathy Kolovrat with a detachment of 1700 people began to catch up with Batievo army. Having overtook, destroyed their arjergard. Also they were killed by the strong hero of Batiev. He died on January 11, 1238.
Vasilevsky Alexander Mikhailovich
Alexander Mikhailovich Vasilevsky (18 (30) September 1895 - December 5, 1977) - Soviet military commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1943), Head of the General Staff, Member of the Supreme Commanding rate. During the Great Patriotic War, the supervisor of the General Staff (1942-1945) took an active part in the development and implementation of almost all major operations on the Soviet-German Front. From February 1945 he commanded the 3rd Belarusian Front, led Konigsberg's assault. In 1945, the Commander-in-Chief of Soviet troops in the Far East in the War with Japan. One of the largest commander of World War II.
In 1949-1953, the Minister of Armed Forces and the USSR Military Minister. Twice hero of the Soviet Union (1944, 1945), the cavalier of two orders of "Victory" (1944, 1945).
Dmitry Dmitry Sergeevich
Defense Smolensk.
Command with the left flank on the Borodino field after the injury of Bagration.
Tarutinsky battle.
Kutuzov Mikhail Illarionovich
After the next Berlin Zhukov, the brilliant strategist Kutuzov should be the second should be the second from Russia.
Karyagin Pavel Mikhailovich
Colonel, Chief of the 17th Hsenther Shelf. The most clearly shown himself in the Persian company of 1805; When with a detachment of 500 people, surrounded by the 20-thousand Persian army, he confronted it for three weeks, not only with honor who beat the attacks of the Persians, but I myself taking the fortress, and finally with a detachment of 100 people made his way to Ctsianov, who went to his aid.
Makarov Stepan Osipovich
Russian Oceanographer, Polar Researcher, Shipbuilder, Vice Admiral. Russian semaphore alphabet.
Paskevich Ivan Fedorovich
Hero Borodin, Leipzig, Paris (Division Commander)
As the commander-in-chief won 4 companies (Russian-Persian 1826-1828, Russian-Turkish 1828-1829, Polish 1830-1831, Hungarian 1849).
Cavalier of the Order of St. George 1 degree - for the capture of Warsaw (the Order of the Statute was awarded either for the salvation of the Fatherland, or for the capture of the enemy capital).
Feldmarshal.
Suvorov Alexander Vasilyevich
Well, who's not he is - the only Russian commander did not lose one who did not lose one battle !!!
Skopin-Shuisky Mikhail Vasilyevich
I beg the military-historical society to correct emergency historical injustice and contribute to the list of the 100 best commander, who did not lose a single battle of the leader of the Northern militia, who has played an outstanding role in the liberation of Russia from the Polish Iga and Discharge. And apparently poisoned for his talent and skill.
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich
He was the Supreme Commander during the Great Patriotic War in which our country won, and accepted all strategic decisions.
Glenchev-Kutuzov Mikhail Illarionovich
(1745-1813).
1. Great Russian commander, he was an example for his soldiers. Valued every soldier. "M. I. Golenishchev-Kutuzov is not only the liberator of the Fatherland, he is the only one who has played the accurate French emperor, turning the" Great Army "in the crowd of obverseans, retaining, thanks to its commander, the lives of many Russian soldiers."
2. Mikhail Illarionovich, being a highly educated person who knew several foreign languages, a dexterous, sophisticated, who was able to lifted the Society for the gift of the word, entertaining a story, served Russia and as a magnificent diplomat - Ambassador to Turkey.
3. M. I. Kutuzov - the first who became a complete cavalier of the Higher Military Order of St. George the victorious four degrees.
Mikhail Illarionovich's life is an example of serving the Fatherland, relations to soldiers, spiritual power for Russian military monitors of our time and of course for the younger generation - future military.
Svyatoslav Igorevich
I want to offer "candidates" of Svyatoslav and his father, Igor, as the greatest commander and political leaders of their time, I think that it makes no sense to list the historians of their merit before the Fatherland, was unpleasant to surprise, without meeting their names in this list. Sincerely.
Baklanov Yakov Petrovich
An outstanding strategist and a mighty warrior, achieved respect and fear of their name of the unspecified horses who forgotten the iron grip "Thunderstorms of the Caucasus". At the moment - Yakov Petrovich, a sample of the spiritual power of the Russian soldier in front of the proud Caucasus. His talent crushed the enemy and minimized the temporary framework of the Caucasian War for which he got a nickname "Boble" is akin to the Devil for his fearlessness.
Gavrilov Peter Mikhailovich
From the first days of the Great Patriotic War - in the existing army. Major Gavrilov P.M. From June 22 to July 23, 1941 led the defense of the Eastern Fort of the Brest Fortress. He managed to rally around himself all the surviving fighters and commanders of different parts and divisions, close the most vulnerable places for the breakthrough of the enemy. On July 23, the explosion of the projectile in the caasemate was gravily wounded and in an unconscious state was captive. The best-willed war spent in Hitler's concentration camps Hammelburg and Revengers, having experienced all the horrors of the captivity. Disabled by Soviet troops in May 1945. http://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?hero_id\u003d484.
Gorbatoy-Shuisky Alexander Borisovich
Hero of the Kazan War, the first governor of Kazan
Vatutin Nikolai Fedorovich
Operations "Uranus", "Small Saturn", "jump", etc. etc.
Real worker war
Pozharsky Dmitry Mikhailovich
In 1612, the hardest time for Russia was headed by the Russian militia and freed the capital from the hands of conquerors.
Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky (November 1, 1578 - April 30, 1642) - Russian national hero, military and politician, head of the second national militia, who freed Moscow from the Polish-Lithuanian occupiers. With his name and with the name of Kuzma mining, the exit of the country from the University is closely connected, which is currently celebrated in Russia on November 4th.
After the election to the Russian throne, Mikhail Fedorovich D. M. Pozharsky plays a leading role in the royal court as a talented warlord and statesman. Despite the victory of the people's militia and the election of the king, the war in Russia still continued. In 1615-1616 Pozharsky, at the direction of the king, was sent at the head of the big troops to combat the detachments of the Polish Colonel of the Lisovsky, who sedied the city of Bryansk and took Karachev. After the fight against Lisovsky, the king entrustes the fire in the spring of 1616 to the treasury of fifth money from trading people, as wars did not stop, and the treasury exhausted. In 1617, the king instructed the Pozharsky to lead diplomatic negotiations with the English ambassador John Merik, appointing the Pozhalnik Kolomensky. In the same year, the Polish Korolev, Vladislav, came within the Moscow state. Residents of Kaluga and neighboring cities turned to the king with a request to send them to the protection from Polyakov, D. M. Pozharsky. The king fulfilled the request of Kaluzhan and gave Okazi Pozharskoy on October 18, 1617 on the protection of Kaluga and the surrounding cities by all the measures available. Prince Pozharsk orders the king with honor performed. Successfully defending Kaluga, Pozhasky received an order from the king to go to the rescue Mozhaisk, namely - in the city of Borovsk, and became the volatile detachments to disturb the troops of the Kruzhich Vladislav, inflicting them significant damage. However, at the same time, the Pozharshi became very ill and the king returned to Moscow at the order. Pozharsha, barely recovered from the disease, adopted the most active participation in the protection of the capital from the troops of Vladislav, for which the king Mikhail Fedorovich awarded him with new patrimony and estates.
Tashkin Alexander Ivanovich
Marshal Aviation of the USSR, the first three times of the Hero of the Soviet Union, a symbol of victory over the fascist Wehrmacht in the air, one of the most efficient fighter pilots of the Great Patriotic War (WHAT).
Participating in the air battles of the Great Patriotic War, developed and "rolled" in battles a new air combat tactics, which allowed to intercept the initiative in the air and eventually defeat the fascist Luftwaffe. In fact, created a whole school of ASO GOW. The commander of the 9th Guards Airlines, continued to participate in air battles in person, won 65 air victories in the entire period of war.
Plates Matvey Ivanovich
Ataman of the Great Troops of the Donsky (from 1801), General from Cavalry (1809), who participated in all wars of the Russian Empire of the late XVIII - early XIX century.
In 1771, it distinguished himself when attacking and taking a Pokock line and Kinburn. From 1772 he began to command the Cossack regiment. In the 2nd Turkish war, he distinguished himself at the storm of the shutdown and Izmail. Participated in the battle at Precisch Eilau.
During the Patriotic War, 1812 commanded first by all the Cossack shelves on the border, and then, covering the army's retreat, won the enemy under the place of peace and Romanovo. In the battle of the village of Semlyo, the Army of Platov defeated the French and captured the Colonel from the Army of Marshal Murat. During the retreat of the French army of the board, pursuing her, the defeat of the city, the Kootskoy Monastery, Gzhatska, Tsarevo-Zahniki, under the shit, and when crossing the gaga river. For merit was erected into graphic dignity. In November, SMOLENSK took the board with the battle and broke the troops of Marshal Nei under Dubrovna. In early January 1813 he entered into the limits of Prussia and laid Danzig; In September, he received the authorities over the special corps with which he participated in the battle at Leipzig and, pursuing the enemy, captured about 15 thousand people. In 1814, he fought at the head of his regiments when taking Nemur, at Arsi-sur-both, Cesanna, Villenev. Awarded the Order of St. Andrew the First Called.
Saltykov Petr Semenovich
One of those commander who managed to exist with one of the best commander of Europe of the XVIII century to one of the best commander of Europe - Friedrich II Prussian
Benigsen Leonthy
Unfairly forgotten commander. Winners a few battles from Napoleon and his Marshals, brought two battles with Napoleon in a draw, one battle lost. Participated in the battle of Borodino. One of the applicants for the position of Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army during the Patriotic War of 1812!
Peter I Great
Emperor All-Russian (1721-1725), before this, the king of All Russia. Winted in the Northern War (1700-1721). This victory finally opened free access to the Baltic Sea. With his rule, Russia (Russian Empire) became a great power.
Stalin (Jugashvili) Joseph Vissarionovich
He was the Supreme Commander of All Armed Forces of the Soviet Union. Thanks to his talent of the commander and outstanding statesman, the USSR won the very bloody war in the history of mankind. Most of the battles of World War II were won with its direct participation in the development of their plans.
Paskevich Ivan Fedorovich
The army under his command defeated Persia in the war of 1826-1828 and completely broke the Turkish troops in the Transcaucasus in the war of 1828-1829.
Awarded all 4-degrees of the Order of St. George and Order of St. Apostle Andrei is married with diamonds.
Brusilov Alexey Alekseevich
One of the best Russian generals of the First World War. In June 1916, the troops of the South-Western Front under the command of General ADTUTA Brusylova A.A., at the same time applying strikes in several directions, broke through the enemy's deeply echelonized defense and advanced at 65 km. In military history, this operation received a bruse breakthrough.
Rurikovich Svyatoslav Igorevich
Great commander of the Old Russian period. The first Kyiv Prince known to us, having a Slavic name. The last pagan ruler of the ancient Russian state. He glorified Russia as a great military power in the campaigns of 965-971. Karamzin called him "Alexander (Macedonian) of our ancient history." The prince freed the Slavic tribes from a vassal dependence on the Khazar, smashing the Khazar Kaganat in 965. According to the age of time in 970, during the Russian-Byzantine war, Svyatoslav managed to win the battle during Arkadyopol, having 10,000 warriors under its beginning, against 100,000 Greeks. But at the same time, Svyatoslav led the life of a simple warrior: "In the same time he did not get any ages or boilers, did not cook meat, but, finely cutting the horse, or the beef, or beef and grinding on coals, he eaten; he did not have a tent But I slept, the postponed Potnik with a saddle in the heads, were the same all the rest of his warriors. And she sent them to other lands [Messengers, as a rule, before the declaration of war] with the words: "I go to you!" (According to PVL)
Stalin (Jugashvilly) Joseph
Romanov Peter Alekseevich
For endless discussions about Peter I as politics and reformer, it is unfair forgetting that he was the greatest commander of his time. He was not only an excellent organizer of the rear. In two most important battles of the Northern War (the Battle of Forest and Poltava), he not only developed the plans for the battles, but also personally led the troops, while on the most important, responsible directions.
The only one of the commander-known commander was equally talented both in land and sea battles.
The main thing - Peter I created a domestic military school. If all the great commander of Russia is the heirs of Suvorov, then Suvorov himself is the heir to Peter.
The battle under Poltavaya was one of the greatest (if not the greatest) victory in domestic history. In all other great concrete invasions, the general battle of Russia did not have a decisive outcome, and the struggle was delayed, went to exhaustion. And only in the Northern War, the general battle radically changed the state of affairs, and the Swedes have become defending, resolutely lost the initiative.
I believe that Peter I in the list of the best commander of Russia deserves to enter the first three. Hovorov Leonid Aleksandrovich
Marshal of the Soviet Union. From June 1942, he commanded the troops of the Leningrad Front, in February-March 1945 at the same time coordinated the actions of the 2nd and 3rd Baltic fronts. He played a big role in the defense of Leningrad and the breakthrough of his blockade. Awarded the Order of "Victory". Generally accepted master of combat use of artillery.
Brusilov Alexey Alekseevich
The outstanding commander of the First World War, the investigator of the new school of strategy and tactics, which made a huge contribution to overcoming the positional impasse. It was an innovator in the field of military art and one of the most striking military leaders of the national military history.
General from Cavalry A. A. Brusilov showed the ability to manage major operational military associations - the army (8th - 05. 08. 1914 - 17.03. 1916), front (South-Western - 17. 03. 1916. - 21. 05. 1917), front-line group (Supreme Commander - 22. 05. 1917. - 19. 07. 1917).
Personal contribution A. A. Brousilova manifested itself in many successful operations of the Russian army of the First World War period - the Galician Battle of 1914, the Carpathian Battle of 1914/15, Lutsk and Charterous Operations of 1915 and of course, in the occurrence of the South-Western Front 1916 G. (famous Brousilov breakthrough).
According to some historical evidence, it is believed that the prince of Oleg was a relative of Rüric, or rather the brother of Rurik Efanda's wife, who was a Norwegian princess. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
Power to Oleg has moved after the death of Rurik as a regent of his young son Igor.
Kiev Prince
At the young care, Igor Oleg began to hold an active inner and foreign policy. In the "Tale of Bygone Years" it is said that in 882, Oleg with a large army captured Smolensk and Lyubek, planted his governors and moved to Kiev, where Varyagi Askold and Dir were reigning, which, in fact, usurp the power. He deceived him to lure them out of the city and kill. Kiev Oleg liked, and he made it the capital of the ancient Russian state. The new power quickly recognized the Slavic tribes, including Poland, Northerners, Drevlyan, Ilmenie Slovenia, Curvichi, Vännychi, Radmichi, Oitrioli and Tivers. Oleg organized the structure of the state in such a way that local princes and governors helped in managing the territories.
In the future, he continued to expand the state at the expense of nearby territories. Under the power of the Kiev Prince in 883, the lands of Drevlyan were departed, in the 884th - Northerners and 885-M radar.
Camping prince
It is impossible not to take into account the success of Oleg and in foreign policy. A special place is occupied by the fight against the Khazar Kaganat, which terrorized the East Slavic lands, collecting tribute to them. Oleg managed to protect his subjects from their raids. The chronicle leads his words addressed to Northerners: "I am an enemy of the Khazaras, so you have no reason to pay them a tribute."
A special place in the chronicles occupies the legendary campaign of Oleg on Byzantium. In 907, he has equipped a large army, and in 2000, it moved to Kinggrad (Constantinople). Byzantines did not expect such an onslaught and did everything to protect the city, including the chains overlap the harbor. Unexpected action of Oleg scared Byzantines: he put all his rooks on the wheels and with passing wind, moved to the city on all the sails. The courage of the city takes: this was enough so that the Greeks suggested Oleg World and Dan.
The Russian army received 12 hryvnia for each ride (adaptation in board the boat to stop the oars when rowing), and in the future, Byzantium was supposed to pay tribute to Russian cities. The main outcome of the world was the contract on the duty-free trade of Russia in Byzantium. Legends say that Oleg, noting the victory, nits his shield on the gate of Tsargrad.
Some historians cast doubt on this campaign, calling him a legend. Nevertheless, the "Tale of Bygone Years", in the description of the campaign of Igor Rurikovich in 944, reports the words of the Byzantine king to the prince Igor: "Do not go, but take tribute to what Oleg took, I will add it to that Dani."
In the same chronicles, its nickname is properly, which corresponds to a knowledgeable future predictable it. So Oleg began to call immediately on returning from the campaign to Byzantium 907.
Legends about the mean Oleg
Contradictive evidence of the circumstances of the death of Oleg. "The Tale of Bygone Years" reports that his death was preceded by heavenly sign - the appearance of the "star Great in the West with a penny way."
There are other versions, but everywhere there is a legend of death from the snake bite. According to legend, Magi predicted Oleg death from his beloved horse. About Kone Prince remembered only a few years after his death. Oleg laughed at Walking, came to the death of the horse, got up on the skull and said: "Do I fear him?" However, a poisonous snake lived in the skull, a deadly tasty prince.
The death date of Oleg, as well as all the chronicle dates of Russian history until the end of the century, is conditional. Nevertheless, the most preferred date is 912.
Board of Prince Oleg (briefly)
Prince Oleg Board - Short Description
Chronology of the Board of Prince Oleg 882-912
In 879, after the death of Rurik, the Novgorod Prince becomes his relative Oleg (this happened because of the youngsters of Igor, the son of Rurik). The new prince was very militant and enterprising. As soon as he climbed the princely throne, he put the goal to capture the waterway to Greece. However, for this it was necessary to conquer all the Slavic tribes living along the flow of Dnieper.
Since in order to achieve, the goals set by one squad was not enough, Oleg collects the army from the Finnish tribes, as well as the curvice and Ilmensky Slavs, after which he put forward south. On his way, he subordinates Smolensk, love (there he leaves part of the warriors), and then goes to Kiev.
At that time, Askold and Dir, not belonging to the princely race, were ruled in Kiev. Oleg lured the cunning of them from the city and gave the order to kill them. After that, the Kiev residents gave up without a fight, Oleg took the place of the Great Kiev Prince, and the city himself proclaimed the "Mother of Russian cities".
The new Kiev Prince conducted large-scale work on strengthening the buildings of the city, which was responsible for his defense, and also held several successful military campaigns in 883-885, thus expanding the land, subject to Kiev. In addition, Oleg subjugated radiramics, northerners and arms. In the conquered lands he erected the fortress and cities.
Domestic policy of the reign of Prince Oleg
Internal policy with Oleg It was reduced to the collection of Dani from the conquered tribes (in fact, remained the same as with other ruler). Tribute was fixed throughout the state territory.
Foreign Policy of the time of the reign of Prince Oleg
907 was marked for Prince Oleg and Russia a very successful campaign for Byzantium. Frightened by the huge troops and getting on the trick of Oleg (the ships were put on the wheels and walked on the ground), the Greeks were offered the prince of Kiev a huge tribute, which he accepted on the condition that Byzantium will provide Russian merchants. Five years later, Oleg signed a peace treaty with the Greeks.
After this campaign, the princes began to make legends, attributing to him supernatural abilities and ownership of magic. From the same time, the people of Prince Oleg began to call the prophet.
Duke died in 912. According to the giving, Oleg once asked the reason for the cause of his death and he answered him that the prince would die from his faithful beloved horse. After that, Oleg gave a horse to the stable, where he was cared to death. Having learned about the death of the horse, the prince came to his bones to the mountain to say goodbye to the right friend, where he was bited in the foot of the serpent from the horse skirt.
