Penetrating waterproofing for concrete: the best way to protect against moisture. What is Concrete Penetrating Waterproofing Liquid for Waterproofing Concrete Surfaces

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete is a mixture that is used to protect foundations and other parts of a building from moisture. It is used in both private and industrial construction. The composition of such a mixture includes cement, sand, and various chemical components. The depth of penetration of active substances into the concrete is 10-12 cm. This allows you to reliably protect the foundation from moisture and extend its service life.

Concrete blocks, which are part of the foundation, are exposed to moisture throughout the entire operation. Precipitation contributes to the erosion of the base of the building, which can lead to serious consequences. Concrete has microcracks, through which moisture penetrates, getting into the basement.

It is also worth noting that water passes not only through microscopic cracks in the concrete structure, but also through the seams that are located between the individual structural elements. These places are vulnerable and also need reliable protection. Brickwork is not self-resistant to moisture.

In order to protect the foundation or any other structure (for example, a garage floor made of cement), it is customary to use penetrating waterproofing for concrete. It is most often applied during the construction phase of a house. But in the event that the house has already been built and there is a problem with moisture in the basement, then the waterproofing is applied from the inside.

The principle of operation of the protective composition is simple and straightforward. After its application to concrete, the process of absorption of chemical additives through microcracks begins. In case of contact with water, the mixture filling the capillaries of the block crystallizes. These crystals fill the empty space and prevent subsequent moisture penetration. It is important to note that they are not water soluble.

Useful information! In addition to waterproof qualities, such an impregnation strengthens the concrete material, making it more durable and wear-resistant.

To apply such a mixture, a wet surface is required, which distinguishes it from roll coatings and bitumen-based mastics. Before you buy a penetrating waterproofing for concrete, you should clearly understand the principle of its action.

Penetrating mixtures protect the foundation not only from moisture, but also from mold and mildew. The process, which is based on the interaction of free lime and moisture, allows you to reliably close the pores in the concrete structure and protect the structure from destructive factors.

When is waterproofing applied to concrete?

To accelerate the process of penetration of waterproofing substances into the concrete material, it is necessary to apply the composition to a wet surface. This method is very popular when it is necessary to carry out the reconstruction of the premises. Often, penetrating compositions are used when it is not possible to apply another method of protection.

Penetrating substances are actively exploited to protect the foundations of private residential buildings from moisture. Industrial buildings are also included in the list of objects that are treated with this type of waterproofing. Objects can be exposed to high humidity:

cellars;
wells;
swimming pools;
bathrooms.

This waterproofing material for concrete is not very popular, as some people simply do not know about its existence. However, the application of bituminous mastics is accompanied by certain difficulties, since they harden very quickly. In turn, roll materials do not guarantee one hundred percent protection of concrete from the destructive effects of moisture.

The main characteristics of penetrating waterproofing for the foundation

Waterproofing of any structure can be carried out even at the construction stage. Moreover, many experts recommend using this particular method. It takes into account the addition of dry matter to the cement slurry. Such a mixture affects the structure of the future foundation, the waterproofing properties of which are manifested from the very beginning.

Concrete additives for waterproofing help to protect the foundation from the effects of precipitation and water in the ground at all points without exception. The service life of this insulation will be equal to the shelf life of the foundation itself, since they are a single whole.

Note! Crystals that form in microscopic pores are resistant to water. They can collapse, allowing water to pass through, but even in this case, they recover over time. This type of regeneration ensures a high degree of foundation protection.

Advantages of penetrating waterproofing for the foundation

An important advantage of such additives is their ability to speed up the process of building a house. This is because their use eliminates the need for concrete drying. Thus, time is saved due to the penetrating waterproofing for concrete. Reviews of such formulations are mostly positive.

When applying the mixture to a concrete surface, you need to know that it must be wet. Moreover, the higher this indicator, the faster the crystallization reaction occurs inside the pores. After processing, the material itself does not lose its properties, retaining all useful technical characteristics, such as:

breathability;
vapor permeability;
resistance to temperature fluctuations;
mobility.

The only indicator that undergoes a change after waterproofing is applied is water resistance. Such insulation is the most acceptable solution when it is necessary to protect the foundation of an already finished structure from moisture. This is due to the fact that it eliminates the need to excavate the base. You can buy waterproofing for concrete in a specialized store or place an order online.

The penetrating composition provides reliable waterproofing protection, regardless of which side it was applied to the foundation. The groundwater pressure in this case also has no effect on the quality of protection. The insulated surface, as well as all seams and butt points, become immune not only to moisture, but also to an aggressive environment with different Ph values.

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete: disadvantages

Any of the existing insulation today has some disadvantages. The high performance of penetrating compounds makes them the most suitable for the protection of foundations and other structures, but they are not ideal. The main disadvantage of such mixtures is that they are recommended to be used in combination with other waterproofing agents. For example, to protect the foundation joints from moisture, it is recommended to purchase a special substance designed for this.

Another disadvantage of penetrating water insulation is that it is quite expensive. Depending on the brand and specialization of the mixture, the price of concrete waterproofing can vary from 50 to 350 rubles. for 1 kg.

Note! Typically, this type of insulation is sold in bags weighing 25 kg.

Before starting work on applying such a composition to the surface, it is necessary to carry out preliminary preparation. It is very important to clean the wall so that no (even minimal) dirt remains on it. Otherwise, the composition will not be well absorbed into the material. And it is also worthwhile to degrease the surface in advance. Experts recommend using a garden hose to clean the wall, as the water that comes out of it under pressure does this very well.

The cost of a waterproofing material can vary greatly depending on its type and brand. The most economical and reliable option is Lakhta penetrating waterproofing. You can buy such a mixture for a very reasonable price (80-100 rubles per 1 kg).

All of the above manipulations are necessary in order to provide free access to microscopic pores. If there are large gaps and cracks in the concrete walls, they must be repaired. It is recommended to cover up such defects with cement mortar. This option is the most acceptable and simple.

It should also be noted that waterproofing mixtures of this type do not work if they are used to protect the surface of the brickwork. With their help, you can only protect and strengthen the seams in such a structure. Thus, for brickwork, it is better to use the more common and familiar protection options.

Nevertheless, taking into account all the disadvantages, today there is no more effective means for waterproofing concrete structures. Before purchasing this composition, it is recommended to study the companies that manufacture it. This will allow you to choose the most reliable product for a very reasonable price.

Penetrating waterproofing: an overview of popular brands

Currently, the construction market is replete with various materials designed to protect the foundation. Penetrating insulation for concrete is no exception. It is implemented by different companies, each of which has its own pros and cons. Experts do not recommend buying the cheapest formulations, since they are often not of high quality.

The middle price range is the most acceptable, since it includes good, high-quality brands of compositions. When choosing the right product, you should consult with the seller. And also, before you buy penetrating waterproofing, it will be useful to study reviews about it on the Internet. Today, the following brands of penetrating mixtures are most common and effective:

Penetron;
Lakhta;
Kalmatron.

The first option is the most common. It has been used for about half a century all over the world. Lakhta is distinguished by a variety of choices. And the mixture of the Kalmatron brand is considered the most versatile penetrating waterproofing. Pools, wells, cellars and balconies - all of these structures can be protected by using the products of this manufacturer. There are many other brands that differ in their composition, application and action. However, the aforementioned companies have proven themselves best in the production of products for the protection of concrete structures.

Penetron penetrating waterproofing: characteristics

Penetron brand building compounds are used not only for private, but also for industrial purposes. These mixtures have appeared quite a long time ago, and the effectiveness of their use has been tested by time. This mixture contains sand (quartz) and active chemical compounds.

The cost of such a penetrating composition is quite high - 250-300 rubles. for 1 kg. However, its technical characteristics fully justify the price. Penetron penetrating waterproofing allows you to protect not only the foundation, but also walls and floors made of concrete. Penetron consumption is quite simple to calculate, since about 1 kg of composition is required to protect 1 m².

Note! Be careful, as domestic markets are filled with all sorts of fakes that can cost much less than the original. The quality of such mixtures is in question, so you should not save on waterproofing the foundation and other concrete structures.

Penetron penetrating waterproofing for concrete is used to protect wells, pools, floors and walls in bathrooms and garages from water. Before using such a composition, it is advisable to read the instructions and watch a training video in which all the nuances of the work will be described in detail.

Related article:

Performing waterproofing work on the foundation with roll materials of various types: detailed instructions.

Features of penetrating waterproofing Lakhta

The Lakhta brand is domestic, and its distinctive feature lies in a wide range of dry mixes used for concrete waterproofing. The products of this brand are used for various tasks, including for enhancing the waterproofness of the seams.

The principle of operation of such mixtures is the same as in the case of Penetron waterproofing material. Active chemical components penetrate into the pores of the concrete structure and crystallize when interacting with water. Before proceeding with the application of Lakhta waterproofing, it is necessary to prepare the concrete surface.

The cost of this mixture is lower than the previous composition, but the products have pretty good reviews. The price for 1 kg of the substance is approximately 120-180 rubles. In terms of technical characteristics, such insulation is practically in no way inferior to the composition of Penetron. The price of penetrating waterproofing Lakhta determines its popularity and prevalence in the construction market.

This mixture is used to protect industrial and domestic concrete structures from moisture. With the help of such waterproofing, you can increase the watertightness of the walls and floors in a cellar or garage. It is also actively used to protect swimming pools, bathrooms and balconies.

Penetrating waterproofing Kalmatron: price and properties

The composition of this brand allows you to quickly and effectively eliminate small leaks that destroy the foundation of the building. This mixture helps to strengthen the surface strength of the concrete material. A feature of the Kalmatron waterproofing substance is its versatility. Compositions of this type are used to isolate the following materials from moisture:

concrete;
reinforced concrete;
bricks;
foam concrete;
aerated concrete.

The price of penetrating waterproofing for concrete of this brand is the most attractive of all the brands presented. The cost of 1 kg of the product is about 80-100 rubles. Thus, for a bag, the volume of which is 25 kg, you will need to pay approximately 2000-2500 rubles. Such compositions can be used both during construction and during the operation of concrete structures. Domestic consumers note the rather good waterproofing properties of the Kalmatron compositions.

Useful information! Before purchasing this waterproofing material, there is one important point to consider. It is not recommended to use it if the Ph level at the object is in the range from 3 to 11.

Liquid waterproofing for concrete: characteristics

In addition to dry mixes, there are other ways to protect concrete structures from the harmful effects of moisture. One of them is the use of liquid waterproofing. Today you can find a variety of liquid materials of this type, but the most common are the following:

liquid rubber;

These materials have both advantages and disadvantages. Before purchasing one of them, it is recommended to study the specifics of their use. Liquid products are much easier to work with, especially when compared with bituminous mastics, membrane films and roll products.

You can buy liquid waterproofing for concrete on the construction market, in a store or on the Internet. The cost of such formulations is about 2 times higher when compared with dry mixtures. Liquid substances that make concrete waterproof are also convenient because they can be applied to uneven surfaces.

The nuances of using liquid waterproofing for concrete

The process of applying a protective composition itself is quite simple. It does not involve heating the mixture, as is the case with bituminous mastic. It is also worth noting that the quality of this type of waterproofing is very high. Among other advantages of a liquid mixture, one can single out the fact that it does not cause any harm to human health, since it does not emit active chemical compounds.

Liquid water insulation is resistant to high temperatures, so in summer you should not be afraid that it will start to melt. Such material is an excellent alternative to roll and other insulators.

Liquid glass for concrete waterproofing is applied using the following tools: brush, construction roller. The viscosity of the composition resembles the density of PVA glue. Such a mixture is applied in a thin layer, which, after drying, requires additional protection. This is due to the fact that the finished layer has poor resistance to mechanical stress.

This type of penetrating insulation achieves excellent results. Impregnations based on dry mixes increase water resistance, and liquid formulations make the concrete structure practically invulnerable to water. But this method also has some disadvantages. For example, making a layer of the required thickness with your own hands is quite difficult. Therefore, it is better to use the services of a professional.

Characteristics of waterproofing coatings for concrete

Many people confuse impregnation with lined insulation. This is not surprising, since they are very similar in their properties. Both of these types of waterproofing must be applied to the surface of the structure, after which they penetrate through microcracks deep into the concrete. The difference between the impregnation and the coating mixture is that it protects the concrete from moisture, penetrating quite deep into the blocks. In turn, the coating mixture makes only the concrete surface waterproof.

Useful information! Penetrating coating waterproofing is absorbed shallowly into the concrete material, just enough to ensure reliable and effective adhesion to it. This is the main difference between impregnation and coating.

A very important point is that a layer that has such a small thickness must be applied correctly. Otherwise, it will not cope with its functions.

The requirements for modern coating materials that ensure the impermeability of concrete to moisture are very high. It is important to note that in the case of applying a waterproofer from the side that resists the movement of moisture, claims against the material increase. This is due to the fact that it must withstand the pressure of the liquid. This composition must have the following characteristics:

good adhesion;
water resistance;
elasticity.

The latter characteristic is very important, since the concrete foundation wears out over time and cracks appear in it. In such a situation, a good coating type should not be damaged.

Features of waterproofing concrete paint

The waterproofing of concrete can be achieved by another means. It is waterproofing paint. It has many benefits. For example, it is very easy to apply it to the surface yourself, which makes it popular among people.

Depending on the amount of constituent substances that make up such a paint, it can be one-component or two-component. Water-repellent paint is most often one-component paint. This composition is enamel and has high technical characteristics. If desired, it can be used as a joint penetrating waterproofing.

These compositions have a high degree of waterproofing, so they are most often used to protect the walls of swimming pools and other tanks that are constantly in contact with water. Such paint is applied by means of special spray guns. Thus, it becomes possible to independently regulate the jet leaving the tool.

Features of applying concrete waterproofing

The application of waterproofing material for concrete is carried out strictly in accordance with the instructions. This process is conventionally divided into several stages. Experts do not recommend deviating from them. Of course, it is much easier to use additives in concrete for waterproofing, but water insulation is not always made during the construction phase of a building. Consider the algorithm of actions, which must be guided by when working with waterproof compositions.

First of all, you should prepare the surface on which the penetrating material will be applied. The surface is thoroughly cleaned, after which it must be degreased. And also it will be necessary to carry out a preventive check of the sewage communication. It should not be damaged in any way.

Useful information! If you want to waterproof a surface that is already many years old, then in this case it may be necessary to remove the old cladding. After that, a layer of plaster is applied. In some situations, it may be necessary to organize a new reinforcement.

Places that match the seams require special attention. They should be punctured carefully. The same applies to wide cracks (more than 4 mm). Finished channels are sealed using special sealing compounds. It is very important not to forget to close the slots at the points corresponding to the passage of the pipes through the wall. For this, sealants are also used.

It is worth noting that for the organization of penetrating waterproofing of the floor, the algorithm of actions will be somewhat different. In this case, the work is simplified, since there is no need for gutting the seams. But in general, both processes are similar to each other, since they involve thorough surface preparation and application of the composition in the most convenient way in accordance with the instructions.

The next step is to prepare a solution of penetrating water insulation. In this case, it is necessary to carefully study the instructions, which describe all the dosages and the method of using the mixture. Next, the composition is applied to a previously prepared surface. For this, different tools are used, such as a brush, roller or a special spray gun (depending on the properties of the waterproofing mixture).

Penetrating compounds are modern means that make the foundation waterproof, thereby increasing its service life. These mixes can be very different from each other, but they all do their job better than traditional materials for protecting concrete structures. When choosing a penetrating waterproofing for building foundations, as well as other concrete structures, you need to pay attention to its price, composition and method of application.

So that the operation of the building does not cause any discomfort, it is worth taking care of waterproofing the foundation even at the construction stage. What is needed for this? Limit, and it is better to completely eliminate the effect of moisture in the structure. For this purpose, special materials are used for waterproofing concrete.

A bit of history

The initial waterproofing used was the fat that people got from the insides of animals. But due to the high cost of this material, they had to look for a replacement: ancient builders began to use vegetable fats. The cheapness of production and receipt, coupled with high rates, did their job, this material began to be used everywhere. The brightest representatives of this type of insulators are bitumen and tar. For concrete, waterproofing materials of this kind are of no small importance. They laid the foundation for the creation of coating and roll waterproofing technology.

Due to its ease of creation and application, such insulation is still very popular, although it is, of course, hopelessly outdated. Its production is quite simple: vegetable oil is boiled mixed with tar. Today, new, much more modern impregnations with excellent protection indicators are also used: silicone, polymer, acrylic, and so on.

Oligomeric seals have been developed as an alternative to oil-based impregnations. Their compositions are dominated by refined products, with which Russia has never had any problems. Properties are similar to machine oil, the composition, by the way, too. Protection in this case is carried out by the fact that carbohydrates are practically not wetted. The downside is that such protection is applied only to dry surfaces. Buildings that have become saturated with moisture during operation are not suitable for this kind of insulation, and the smell from it is not the most pleasant - it is still organic.

To eliminate the odor from the solvent from the walls, emulsions were created: in them, wet particles of organic substances were scattered throughout the solution evenly. The essence of the functional work of emulsions is simple: when it hits a structure with a wet surface, water sends drops of fat into the depths. Inside the concrete, organic parts stick together, as a result of which it becomes moisture-proof. The most popular emulsions are silicones and acrylics.

Materials based on acrylic can hardly be called impregnations. Some polymer still remains on the surfaces as a film. Acryl-styrenes, metacreeps are "pumped-through" acrylic impregnations. This category includes Polirem VD-2624, Ceresit CT17 and some others.

Water repellents are similar in their properties to the previous types of impregnations, but in fact they penetrate deeper into the concrete and their film is much thinner. Silicone impregnations include silanes and silicones with similar properties. They contain silicon elements. The differences in composition are quite significant, but they are very similar in functional action. Silicone quickly binds to sand, glass, varnishes and other building materials. These impregnations are best used when applied to a horizontal surface. The most important advantage of silicone-based impregnations is that, by sealing cracks, irregularities and pores in concrete and brick, they form one whole with the building materials.

Today, the main and frequently used materials for waterproofing concrete are mixtures with a penetrating effect. Types of such insulation can be both liquid and powder, or in the form of a paste. Water-soluble waterproofing mixtures penetrate into the structure to a depth of 10-13 centimeters, and create a crystallized structure there after contact with lime, without which concrete simply cannot exist. As a result, heavily soluble elements appear in the solution, which are directed into cracks and other defects. The liquid, under the action of the tension force, simply does not have the ability to spread between the bundles of these elements. Such crystals occupy a very small part inside the pore, but they perfectly protect it from moisture penetration. Thanks to these properties of insulation, concrete dries very quickly and becomes resistant to further exposure to moisture.

Trademarks of this type of insulation: "Hydrotex", "Viatron" and others. In order to absorb the effects of moisture on cracks, joints and other defects, it is customary to use materials "Penetron" and consonant with it by the name "Penekrit": they consist of sand, chemical additives and cement.

Wet insulation: properties

It may seem that in terms of their insulation qualities, the impregnating and coating types are similar. But the mechanics of their work are actually different. Impregnation insulation acts by hydrophobic action on cracks and other deformations. Lubricating waterproofing works directly on the surface.

Such materials for waterproofing concrete have the following properties:

increased adhesion with the processed material;
high indicators of water resistance;

There are many requirements and often they contradict each other: this predetermined the appearance of a huge number of types of insulation and other mixtures.

There are two types of this type of waterproofing: organic and mineral. If the basis is cement, then such insulation is supplied dry, packed in bags or buckets. The working state of such a mixture is pasty, and to obtain this base, the dry composition is simply mixed with water. After preparing the mixture, you can start working on its application. Latex components are used to enhance the astringent properties. This insulation is called "two-component", it is sold as a kit (in different containers). Also used "sealing compounds": their task is to prevent emergencies. A big plus of such mixtures is their rapid hardening.

Materials based on bitumen are also popular. It is moisture-repellent and therefore suitable for concrete. Waterproofing materials based on it contain rubber or latex compounds (these insulations are called "modified mastic").

Roll materials for concrete waterproofing are also held in high esteem. They are represented by a bitumen-polymer base applied to fiberglass or non-woven material. The upper part is usually covered with a protective mineral powder, sand or a simple plastic film, for the lower part one plastic film is enough. The fiberglass base is characterized by increased elasticity, which provides greater stability with slight deformations. For example, polyester can lengthen up to 40% without problems, and roll-on waterproofing based on this material is often used in structures that can potentially be subject to strong deformations.

Before applying a waterproofing layer to one or another base, the original material should be primed. The total number of waterproofing layers depends on the potential strength of the water load. On the Russian market today you can find domestic waterproofing of such brands as Technoplast, Steklobit, from foreign products it is recommended to use polyethylene geomembranes from NAUE.

In addition to popular water-repellent mixtures, it is often used for waterproofing and a large number of additives for concrete (waterproofing materials of this kind improve the water-repellent and general physiological properties of the base). High-quality waterproofing mixtures made of polymers begin their "strengthening work" after adding them to the concrete liquid, filling the small cracks and possible hydro-tunnels formed during hardening. When choosing such additives, you need to focus on the technology of waterproofing application. Some dry mixes are used in combination with additional modifiers that increase the functionality of the substance (plasticizers, frost-resistant additives, etc.).

Information on the ratio of the dry composition of the mixture to water is usually placed in the instructions attached to the product, so it is difficult to make a mistake when diluting.

Constantly wet walls, foundation, basement - how to protect yourself from this? We will tell you about the waterproofing mixtures that are relatively new on our market, what they are, consider the features of their use.

Previously, almost all waterproofing work was carried out using bitumen and bitumen-polymer roll and mastic materials. Over the past few years, new technologies have come to our country. One of these new products is waterproofing mixtures, which are becoming more and more popular when constructing a waterproofing layer for concrete foundations, walls and basements.

There are several types of waterproofing mixtures:

mixtures for penetrating waterproofing
mixtures for coating waterproofing
mixtures for plaster waterproofing
mixtures for seam waterproofing
mixtures for repairing active leaks

The composition of dry mixes for waterproofing includes cement, sand, chemical and polymer additives that enhance the hydrophobic characteristics, frost resistance and plasticity of the finished composition.

The leaders of the domestic market of waterproofing mixtures are the Russian brands Gidroteks, Lakhta, Kalmatron, less often they are bought by foreign Sika, BASF.

Waterproofing mixtures have a number of advantages:

Apply to damp or wet surfaces. There is no need to wait for the concrete to dry.
They do not require special training to complete the work.
The compositions can be applied both from the outside and from the inside of the building.
The compositions eliminate microcracks during operation.
Their service life is equal to the service life of the entire concrete structure.
Non-flammable, non-toxic, environmentally friendly.
Approved for use in all industries, including food.
The waterproofing properties of the composition are preserved even with mechanical damage to the concrete structure.

Mixes for penetrating waterproofing

Waterproofing compositions of penetrating action are used for waterproofing concrete and reinforced concrete structures. They cannot be used in combination with brick, foam and aerated concrete, since the pores of these materials are too large. Unlike other waterproofing compounds, penetrating mixtures form a waterproof barrier not on the concrete surface, but in its thickness. The penetration depth of the composition can be up to 400 mm.

Concrete treated with this composition becomes more frost-resistant and durable, its sulfate resistance increases. At the same time, breathability does not suffer.

Penetrating waterproofing mixtures can be used for waterproofing foundations, basements, balconies, bathrooms, swimming pools, reservoirs with water and other chemicals, as well as underground storage facilities.

Works on the construction of the waterproofing ball can be carried out from inside and outside the premises. To apply the composition, conventional tools and finishing equipment are used. The mixture is applied only to a damp surface. After the completion of the work, the treated concrete must be wetted every 6-8 hours for 3 days.

For the device of penetrating waterproofing, the following mixtures are used: LAKHTA penetrating waterproofing (cost 156 rubles / kg), Kalmatron (80 rubles / kg), Gidroteks-U (56 rubles / kg).

Compositions for coating waterproofing

Wiping-type waterproofing mixtures can be used when constructing a waterproof ball for both concrete and brick surfaces. The thickness of the waterproofing ball is 2-6 mm.

There are two types of compositions: dry mix (one-component composition) and polymer-cement (two-component composition from dry mix and polymer aqueous dispersion). The second option is used when waterproofing the surfaces of structures that are prone to increased cracking, deformation, vibration and settlement.

The composition is applied to a damp surface in 2-3 balls, depending on the method of application. Moreover, the second and third runs must be done without waiting for the previous ball to dry, perpendicular to the penultimate one.

The treated surface should be protected from direct sunlight for 24 hours. Finishing cladding work can be carried out within 24-48 hours after waterproofing.

Important! It is impossible to apply the composition over the self-leveling floor and gypsum plaster.

The most famous mixtures for coating waterproofing: Lakhta coating waterproofing (cost 77 rubles / kg), IVSIL VODOSTOP (22 rubles / kg), Alfapol GO (25 rubles / kg).

Plaster waterproofing

A simple way that allows you to simultaneously level the surface and arrange its waterproofing. Can be used on internal and external surfaces of walls and foundations, on dense concrete, on brickwork, on top of already applied plaster. The mixtures provide increased water resistance, while maintaining vapor permeability.

It is applied in one or several layers with a conventional hand-held finishing tool: a spatula, a spatula, a trowel. To lay the next layer, it is not necessary to wait for the previous one to dry, but a period of at least 24 hours is needed between two passes. The thickness of laying the mixture in one pass is not less than 2.5 mm. The composition is carefully leveled in one direction.

During work and after installation, the surface should be protected from sunlight and drafts.

The most popular brands of mixtures for plaster waterproofing: Ceresit CR 65 (cost 35 rubles / kg), "Lakhta plaster waterproofing" (54 rubles / kg), "ALIT GR-1" (38 rubles / kg).

Suture waterproofing

Suture waterproofing mixtures are designed to seal joints and seams and protect them from the effects of aggressive media. They are primarily used in swimming pools, wells, balconies, foundations and walls.

The composition is applied to a damp surface. Before applying to the embroidered strobes, the mortar should be applied and carefully repaired. The applied mixture must be protected from frost, drafts and sunlight for 48 hours. If necessary, the surface is subjected to additional moisture and protected with plastic wrap. This is to avoid drying out.

Tiles can be laid 3-4 days after work.

For seam waterproofing, the following types of mixtures are used: IVSIL GIDROLINE (cost 67 rubles / kg), Lakhta suture waterproofing (99 rubles / kg), Gidroteks-Sh (80 rubles / kg).

Comparative characteristics of waterproofing mixtures:

This table allows you to compare the main characteristics of the most popular waterproofing mixtures. With its help, you can decide on their choice for the waterproofing device of your home.

Waterproofing mixtures are a relatively new material on the domestic market, but the demand for them is constantly growing. This is due to the constant process of improving the material, improving the characteristics and producing new types of mixtures both in our country and abroad. Mixes and compounds for waterproofing, when properly selected and applied, guarantee excellent results.

Andrey Badovsky, rmnt.ru

The construction of various objects, especially buildings, requires careful attention to the load-bearing elements. It is imperative that certain actions are taken to improve performance, including waterproofing concrete.

At the same time, it is important to choose the right waterproofing material and comply with the technological requirements for its application, especially if you prefer to do everything yourself.

Is it possible to do without waterproofing?

Concrete is characterized by increased porosity. This negatively affects the performance characteristics of the material itself: it begins to rapidly deteriorate under the influence of moisture seeping inside. Therefore, he needs protection.

Hydroprotection action

Waterproofing concrete increases its hydrophobicity. As a result, the indoor climate significantly improves, the frost resistance of the concrete itself and the service life of the object built from it increase.

That is why protection must be provided for all surfaces that are exposed to moisture in one way or another. Particular attention should be paid to the foundation of the building.

Insulation types

Depending on the direction of work, waterproofing can be horizontal or vertical. The first is performed at the junction of the foundation and the wall, as well as at or below the floor level by 15 - 20 cm. The vertical one is most often performed outside the building. In this case, special materials are used for waterproofing concrete. Let's study them in more detail.

Bituminous or coating

The most affordable option that allows you to protect the treated surface for at least 5 years. The mixture for waterproofing concrete surfaces consists of 70% bitumen and 30% waste oil.

To increase the service life, bitumen-polymer mastics, for example, Slavyanka or Ceresit CR 65, can be used as a coating waterproofing. Depending on the brand, such a mixture should be applied cold or hot.

Distinguished by availability, coated waterproofing has a low service life. She does not withstand external influences. After five years, and sometimes even earlier, it may be necessary to re-perform the waterproofing work.

Oleechnye

Protection is carried out using roll materials. It can be used independently and in conjunction with coating materials. The most widespread was roofing material. The material can be applied by fusing and gluing.

In addition to roofing material, materials of this type include Technoelast, Stekloizol, Gidrostekloizol, Technonikol, Rubiteks and others. The use of polyester as a base in their manufacture made it possible to significantly improve the performance characteristics of the pasting material.
However, glued waterproofing is characterized by low mechanical strength. When applying it, you must carefully follow the technological requirements.

Liquid rubber

Unlike pasting waterproofing, liquid rubber is more durable, good adhesion to the base. It is not flammable. Allows you to get a smooth, seamless surface. When doing work with your own hands, a one-component composition is most often used, for example, Elastomix or Elastopaz.

When treating surfaces with liquid rubber, it is worth considering the possibility of its destruction under the influence of direct sunlight. It is imperative to provide a special outer protective layer. When choosing a sprayed liquid rubber, it is better to entrust the work of waterproofing concrete to professionals.

Penetrating

Such materials are able to penetrate deep into concrete at a distance of up to 200 mm and crystallize there. The crystals formed do not allow water to pass through, increase frost resistance and prevent concrete corrosion.

Hydrotex, Penetron and Aquatron-6 are widely used. They are often used when protection of the foundation, internal processing of basements, basements is required.
It is worth abandoning the use of penetrating compounds if the surface to be protected is made of a porous material or has slots. At the same time, the material is distinguished by its high cost.

Plastering

Plaster waterproofing is a mixture consisting of a special plaster base and moisture-resistant components. As a rule, these are hydro-concrete, polymer concrete, asphalt mastic. Such waterproofing materials are produced under the Hercules and Megavit trademarks.

It is worth considering that the formed protective layer can easily crack, for example, when the foundation shrinks. As a result, plaster waterproofing has a low service life.

Screen waterproofing

A modern alternative to a clay castle. Protection is provided with clay-based bentonite mats. Can be used alone and in conjunction with other methods. This method of waterproofing concrete is more expensive and can be used to protect non-residential premises.

Features of the installation of waterproofing materials

The sequence of installation work directly depends on the type of waterproofing material. It is important to comply with the manufacturer's requirements to ensure the required level of protection of the concrete from water.

Certain types allow for several possible mounting options. Which one is preferable depends on the operating conditions of the particular building. In order for the waterproofing of concrete and all work to be performed efficiently, it is imperative to take into account:

ground water level;
heterogeneity of the soil in a specific area;
the peculiarity of the operation of a specific structure;
force of soil swelling.

Application of bitumen composition

The prepared composition is heated to a liquid state. They are treated with previously prepared surfaces using a roller or brush, carefully smearing all areas.

The material is applied in several layers. The total thickness of such a bitumen coating should be about 3 - 5 cm. During the installation work, it is important to ensure continuous heating of the composition.

Installation of gluing waterproofing

In the case of fusion, before fastening the roofing material, it is necessary to treat the protected surface with a special bitumen mastic or primer. Roofing material, heated with a gas burner, is applied to a vertical surface.

The layers are laid with an overlap of 15 - 20 cm. When gluing, special adhesive mastics are used, applied to the protected surface.

Liquid rubber application

Use a roller, spatula or brush to apply liquid rubber. The composition is applied to a dust-free and primed surface two hours after cleansing the latter.

If Elastopaz is used, the surface to be protected must be treated twice. Wait a day before applying the next layer. On average, about 3.5 kg of material will be required to process one square. The remaining rubber can be sealed and left for later storage.

Elastomix is more expensive, but it is applied in one layer. True, it should be borne in mind that this mixture cannot be stored. Due to the addition of a special activator immediately before application, the composition is vulcanized after two hours, further waterproofing of concrete with such a material is impossible.

Penetrating waterproofing application

The composition should be applied with a brush or spatula on a wet surface, previously cleaned from dust. The dry composition is mixed with water before use. Penetrating materials involve the application of several layers.

Application of plaster waterproofing

Plastering waterproof materials are applied in the same way as when plastering walls along beacons. The hot method is preferred. After the composition has completely dried, a clay castle is necessarily performed and backfilling with clay is performed.

Clay castle

A technology that allows you to protect, as a rule, the foundation from water. A trench is dug around the protected surfaces, to the bottom of which rubble is poured. The bottom and walls of the trench should be treated with clay. Before applying each subsequent layer, the previous one is dried. The available space is filled with gravel or clay. A blind area is equipped on top.

Installation of screen waterproofing

Clay mats are fastened by means of special dowels. Laying is carried out with an overlap of 15 cm. Along the fixed mats, a pressure concrete wall is installed, which will not allow the mats to swell.