Calculate a staircase with 90 degree winders. Calculation of a wooden staircase with a turn through the winder steps. Preliminary data calculation

Such structures can be wooden, but it is permissible to use metal in the frame, and it is also possible to choose a different angle of rotation of the steps. Projects of staircases leading to the second floor, namely a run-in type, include such a feature as the fact that the structures are arranged in a circular type and are located almost continuously from bottom to top.

Naturally, the upper part of the structure is much smaller in width than the lower one. In this way, it is possible to replace the staircase due to the steps, and save space.

Winder stairs are of two types:

1. Swivel at an angle of 90 degrees.
2. Swivel, in which the angles are 180 degrees.

It is quite possible to do it yourself, both the design and installation of such an interior item, but first you should familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages so as not to be disappointed in the future.

Among the advantages are:

• The ability to reduce the area that is taken away under the stairs, making it more compact;
• A visual increase in the space of the room, which is required even for large-sized cottages, because there is never a lot of space;
• Attractive appearance.

Among the shortcomings, experts note:

• Psychological discomfort that may appear when climbing a tapering staircase;
• The complexity of installation, as well as calculations;
• Lack of comfort, but this is a personal matter for each person, since some prefer to equip stairs with a platform, and others without;
• There is a risk of injury during descent if the structure was installed incorrectly, without observing norms and standards.

Calculation and drawing of a staircase with winder steps

To avoid unpleasant and extraordinary moments after installing a staircase with winder steps, it is worth paying attention not only to their types, but also to how the calculations should be carried out.

It is this stage that is considered especially important, and it should be carried out as carefully as possible. The calculation is carried out when a drawing is created, both in section and integral.

When calculating the dimensions, you need to go through such steps as:

• Calculating the depth along the outer edge of each step, which should not be more than 40 cm;
• Calculation of the average depth of each step, which is generally 20 cm;
• The choice of the height of the steps, which can vary between 12-22 cm;
• The choice of the maximum protrusion from the end part of the treads, which does not exceed 4 cm.

Basically, the most popular staircase is L-shaped. It is easier to draw and easy to install.

To determine the size of such an object in the interior, you also need to take into account all the nuances:

1. To increase comfort, you need to subtract their height (D) from the depth of the steps (C). Basically, it is 12 cm.
2. To ensure maximum safety, the amount of C + D is needed, which is on average 46 cm.
3. To calculate the optimal step, you need to add 2D + S, and this is about 62 cm.

Stair step angles and construction standards

The manufacture and installation of stairs, both with a rotary view and conventional ones, is carried out exclusively in accordance with the standards of GOST and SNiP, which you need to familiarize yourself with first.

There are special recommendations for a staircase with winder steps:

1. The maximum depth of the steps in the place where they adjoin the wall is 40 cm.
2. The minimum depth of the steps where installation is carried out to the central frame is 10 cm.
3. The minimum permissible depth in the central part of the winder steps should not be less than 20 cm.
4. The steps should not exceed 12-22 cm in height.
5. The treads should not be overhanging by more than 4 cm.

If the turn of the stairs is 180 degrees, then there should be a special gap between the upper and lower flights of no more than a quarter of the distance between the left and right edges of the treads. In height, ceilings should not exceed a height of 2 m.

Convenient L-shaped ladder

Winder stair constructions and their features

The essence of the staircase, in which the run-in steps, is to exclude the site from the design.

And:

• Replace it on the steps;
• Make the piece of furniture more compact;
• Add comfort and convenience.

This is how they save space in private houses, and it is possible to equip even the smallest living quarters. Experts do not recommend making steps at a depth of more than 40 cm. The closer the step is to the wall, the closer it will be to the central supporting part. Thus, it is possible to increase the radius of curvature of the steps, as well as save space.

With a tread depth of more than 40 cm, the depth of the central frame increases, and thus the structure becomes less secure, which is strictly prohibited. This can cause rupture of steps and even emergencies with consequences in the form of injury.

Winder stairs with 90 degree steps

Today you can find ready-made corner stairs, and of various types, types and heights.

There are two popular types of slewing rings:

• With a spread of 90 ᵒ;
• With a 180 ᵒ turn.

It is worth noting that when calculating the dimensions of the structure yourself, problems may arise with stairs that have a 90-degree turn. The form of seizures cannot be taken arbitrary, you need to adhere to clear standards.

In this case, the product will be durable and safe, and it will also be possible to use the object as conveniently as possible and not worry about the consequences, which allows you to keep all the features and the necessary standards.

Keeping track of how wide each element of the staircase has, you can exclude the assumption of problems and oversights. The increase in width from a narrow tread to a wide one should be carried out smoothly and without sudden changes. It is worth noting that the width of the horizontal surface on the largest of the steps should not be equal to the small staircase and should be at least 10 cm more.

A staircase with a landing is one of the most convenient staircase structures. We will tell you about the advantages of such a ladder in the material:.

Winder staircase with 180 degree turn

It is important to remember that if there are no specific skills for installing staircase structures, then it is advisable to choose the services of professional craftsmen in order to be 100% sure of safety and strength.

The main requirements for swivel stairs with an angle of up to 180 degrees are:

• Compliance with the width of the turning steps along the edge of at least 40 cm;
• Compliance with the width of the turning step in the middle of at least 20 cm;
• Compliance with a turning radius of 30 cm.

Execution of all stages, including turning ones, along one line.

DIY staircase with winder steps (video)

Thanks to this, the staircase will look stylish, fashionable and, most importantly, comfortable. When purchasing stairs of a ready-made plan in a store, you need to clearly check the presence of all the necessary components and fasteners when assembling and installing.

Winder staircase design (photo in the interior)

If an L-shaped staircase is installed in the room, then a situation is possible when, in order to reduce the size of the staircase and save space, you have to abandon the site and make run-in steps instead.

A staircase with swivel steps is more compact than a staircase design. At the same time, winders have a number of disadvantages, the most important of which are radial steps of irregular shape and the resulting features.

In this article, we will tell you how to properly design a staircase with winders so that it is convenient and safe to use it.

Safety requirements for stairs

To smooth out design flaws, corner stairs must be correctly designed by calculating the winder steps, taking into account the following requirements:

• the depth of the steps in the widest part should not exceed 40 cm, and in the narrow part - not less than 10 cm;
• in the middle, all winder steps must be of the same depth, but not less than 20 cm;
• step height can vary from 12 to 22 cm;
• the edge of the tread should not protrude more than 4 cm;
• when designing L-shaped stairs, follow the following formulas (where e is the depth of the step, j is the height of the riser):
  
  1. convenience formula: e - j = 12 cm;
  2. safety formula: e + j = 46 cm.
  3. step formula: 2 j + e = 62 (60-64) cm;
• if a staircase is being built with a turn of 180 degrees, then the distance between the flights must be at least ¼ of the step width, otherwise the depth of the turning step in the narrow part will turn out to be too small (less than 10 cm), which is unacceptable;
• the distance from the flight of stairs to the ceiling must be at least 200 cm;

Calculation of a staircase with winders

After the main dimensions of the curved staircase have been determined based on the video, you need to calculate the configuration and the number of winder steps.

U-shaped staircase

First of all, it is necessary to designate the center of the arc that coincides with the inner radius of the staircase, that is, point "A". Then determine the number of turning steps: the more there are, the less the angle of rotation falls on each and the more comfortable it will be to move up the stairs.

Suppose that there will be steps up to and including the seventh. Then the straight DE is drawn through the beginning of the eighth stage. Line AB divides the staircase into left and right parts. In the middle of the march, you need to draw a curve ace corresponding to the line of motion. From AB on the line of motion, a section equal to ½ is laid b, where b- the width of a conventional step. We get point 1. Further from it we set aside a segment equal to b and mark point 2. Similarly, at equal intervals mark the remaining points 3-7.

Then, through point 1 and A, draw a straight line until it intersects with DE. We also draw a straight line through points 2 and A. On the section DE we get points 1 and 2. We put aside the segments equal to section 1-2 on the line DE and mark them with numbers 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, respectively. Now connect point 3 on the line of motion ace with point 3 on the line DE, then we connect the corresponding points 4, 5, 6, 7. Thus, the configuration of the steps is determined. A similar calculation is done for the right side of a staircase with turning steps.

As in the case of the U-shaped staircase, there is a point "A" and a straight line AC is drawn. There are two options for the location of the steps:

1. straight AC divides the corner step in half;
2. two steps with their edges adjoin a straight speaker.

In the second case, similarly with a U-shaped staircase, a line of movement is drawn ace... On a curved section, segments with a length of b(straight step width). The number of winder steps is determined. Suppose these will be steps 1, 2, 3 and 4. Then, through the end of step 4, straight line EB is drawn, where "B" is the intersection of straight lines EB and CA. Further, from point "A", segment AD is arbitrarily laid down, and points 2, 3 and 4 are marked on it so that segment A2 is equal to two parts, segment 23 is three, 34 is four. An arbitrary segment equal to 1 conventional unit (cm, dm) is taken as one part.

Now we connect points 4 and B. From points 2 and 3 to the intersection with AB, draw straight lines parallel to segment B4. The points obtained on the AB section are connected, respectively, with points 3 and 2 on the line of movement ac. These lines define the configuration of the winders.

In the case when a straight AC divides the step in half, the calculation of the winder ladder is carried out in the same way.

Ladder with a turn of 90 degrees - how to do it yourself

We will show how to make a winding staircase using an example of a structure with the following parameters:

• the length of the staircase is 2294 mm;
• width - 930 mm;
• ceiling height - 2683 mm.

The corner staircase consists of two flights. There are 8 steps in the long march, with the upper one coinciding with the second floor landing. There are 2 steps in the lower flight. And three steps are run-in, the angle of rotation of which is 30 °. The project of a wooden staircase will look like this:

A wooden staircase with a turn is carried out on two kosoura with dimensions of 50x300x3000 mm, one of which is fixed on the wall, and the other - on a support post with dimensions of 100x100x2500 mm. It is also necessary to purchase steps measuring 900x300x40 mm, a turntable 900x900x40 mm, from which the run-in steps will be cut, and balusters.

A wooden staircase with winder steps, having this shape and parameters, is made in several stages.

Making kosour

First, you should prepare a template, which is a right-angled triangle, the legs of which are equal to the depth of the tread and the height of the riser. For convenience, the triangle should be fixed to the guide rail, as in the photo. Using this template, we mark the kosour and cut out the excess with a circular saw. It must be remembered that in the thinnest part, the width of the stringer should not be less than 15 cm.

In the corner, we are constructing an improvised support structure, which will expand the wall stringer and serve as the basis for the run-in steps.

We fix the upper ends of the stringers with metal corners.

After the supporting elements are fixed, you should get the following:

When installing kosour, it is important to keep track of the level so that subsequently the steps lie strictly horizontally. The most common mistake of inexperienced craftsmen is that parallelism to the floor is taken as horizontal. But the floor can be uneven, so it is only necessary to determine this parameter using a level.

How to make winder steps

The run-in steps are cut from a rectangular board 900x900x40 mm. For a staircase with a 90 degree turn, three steps will suffice. To make them, divide the board into three parts with lines extending from one corner. We adjust the cut steps in length.

Having decided what kind of varnish to cover the stairs, apply at least 3 layers on the steps.

Installation of a staircase with run-in steps

To secure the winder steps, grooves are cut in the post, the height of which is slightly less than the thickness of the board. This will ensure reliable fixation of the steps on the inside of the staircase. And from the outside, we are finalizing the support structure so that steps can be put on it.

From the outside of the staircase, the rotary steps are screwed to the support frame using self-tapping screws. The inner ends of the steps are inserted into the cuts and, to strengthen the structure, are glued with PVA glue mixed with sawdust.

Cut the end of the bowstring at a right angle to the floor so that the entrance post can be installed.

Handrail installation

Now you need to install the balusters. Sometimes they are fastened from below through the steps using self-tapping screws, but this method is unreliable. It is better to use dowels - wooden rods of a cylindrical shape.

To do this, a hole is drilled in the steps, the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the dowel section, and filled with glue. A similar hole is made in the balusters, and it is very important that it is exactly in the center. If the baluster is rectangular, then the center is defined as the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangle. Try to drill the holes as accurately as possible so that they turn out to be strictly vertical, because the position of the balusters will depend on this.

A rope is pulled between the first and last pillar, along which the angle of inclination of the railing is marked on all balusters. Further, according to the applied marks, the tops of the racks are cut off. Thus, we prepare the balusters for the installation of the handrail.

The handrail can be fixed with simple self-tapping screws (flush in), and the attachment points can be hidden with putty.

The single-flight staircase with run-in steps is ready. Here's what we got.

With this manufacturing method, the load on the lower pivot stage will act along the grain of the wood, which is undesirable since it weakens the structure. In this case, you will need to additionally strengthen the step with a support, which we did.

reference

A wooden staircase with swivel steps allows you to significantly save space in the house without losing convenience and functionality. When calculating, pay attention to the optimal number of turning steps. In my experience, 3 steps are optimal with a staircase width of 80 cm. More - the steps will be too narrow and therefore uncomfortable.

If the opening is located only above the top of the stairs, then the height at the turn to the overlap is important to avoid head injuries. It must be at least 2 meters long.

With this design, the width of the stairs plays an important role. Since it directly affects the convenience of the turning steps. The wider the staircase, the more steps it is possible to use without loss of convenience.

Due to the variety of projects and structures, railings for stairs in the program are not calculated or shown in any way.

Important! Pay attention to the dimensions of the turning steps. To get the dimensions of the step, do not forget to add the size of the protrusion to these dimensions.

Calculation of a stone staircase for is no different from the calculation of a wooden or metal staircase. The main thing is to correctly calculate the size of the steps. Their height must necessarily be the same for all its parts.

The stairs comfort calculation is calculated using a formula based on the step length.
The stride length of a person is from 60 to 66 cm, on average - 63 cm.
A comfortable ladder corresponds to the formula: 2 step heights + step depth = 63 ± 3 cm.

The most convenient inclination of the stairs is from 30 ° to 40 °.
The depth of the steps of the stairs must correspond to shoe size 45 - not less than 28-30 cm.
The lack of depth can be compensated for by the step protrusion.
The step height should be up to 20-25 cm.

The program draws drawings of a stair with turning steps with basic angles and dimensions.
The drawings show the general dimensions of the stairs, the marking of the top of the steps on the bowstrings, the angles of the steps and the main dimensions of the steps themselves.

I hope the program will help you design and make a staircase for a summer residence or at home with your own hands.

It is usually quite difficult to correctly calculate the stairs to the second floor. After all, all the elements of these structures in private houses must be thought out to the smallest detail, so that in the end they could make up single ensembles. That is why any projects must take into account not only the functional, but also the decorative components of such products.

"Swivel" staircase models - optimal solutions for suburban housing

It is the original, modern designs with a turn of 90 degrees that are now very popular. In some cases, they can even be supplemented with convenient "intermediate sites". It is noteworthy that these types of stairs make the passages to the second floor much more elegant in a private house. In addition, they change the direction of movement, in contrast to the standard "marches" (straight lines).

Key benefits of innovative designs

Various staircases to the second floor with 90 degree turns have a lot of positive features:

• Increased compactness. While maintaining optimal dimensions, they take up less space than their known counterparts.
• Maximizing convenience. It is possible to move along these stairs without difficulty (even with rather large loads).
• Absolute security. This indicator for "rotary" products is much higher than that of "screw" models.

90 degree turn products: everything you need to know about this type of staircase

"Rotary" structures of such a plan are simply irreplaceable in a private house, since they are extremely harmonious combinations of "marching" and "screw" models. In addition, variations with winders are distinguished by their graceful forms and relatively small sizes.

When calculating stairs to the second floor, it is necessary to remember that the width of the "tread" should be made slightly larger than in other situations, because it narrows slightly in the directions towards the main "support points". But the optimal dimensions of the structures are recommended to be selected in relation to the "central lines".

Products with 90-degree turns are mainly focused on placement precisely near the walls. In addition, it is desirable that they are located exclusively in the corners. The turn itself can be brought out on any sections of the stairs, but mainly the lower halves of the structures serve for these purposes.

It is also important that the directions of movement when walking change absolutely imperceptibly for people. This factor makes it possible to significantly increase the convenience of movement.

Key nuances of correct calculation of "rotary" structures

A full-fledged calculation of stairs to the second floor (with winders) should always take into account the features of the device of the slats, from which the turns are made. They can have both square and rectangular shapes. If we are talking about products with platforms, we must not forget that the length of these elements between separate "marches" cannot be less than 140 cm. And the width must correspond to the dimensions of the spans.

For ready-made models of structures with a turn of 90 degrees, a number of specific requirements are imposed in a private house:

Competent choice of locations for future stairs

Unfortunately, the significant limitation of the available space in a private house does not allow home owners to build straight staircases in accordance with all known standards. It is for this reason that products with 90-degree turns are now insanely popular, because they help to save much-needed square meters of space.

How to find the ideal frame shapes?

For both metal and wooden staircase structures leading directly to the second floor, there are three main frame variations at once. One of them is the so-called "kosoura", which are special solid beams, on top of which ready-made steps are neatly laid in the future.

Separately, some "bowstrings" are also distinguished - two large supporting beams that support the staircase from the sides. Much less often today "bolts" are used, allowing extremely reliable attachment of entire structures to the nearest walls.

Determination of the optimal parameters of products

In order to make the most accurate calculation of a staircase with run-in steps, three key parameters should be taken into account that will make this structure not only beautiful in appearance, but also safe in private houses:

1. The specific heights of the "swivel" models.
2. Length of "marches" of products leading to the second floors.
3. The width of the selected stairs.

The concept of "heights" includes precisely the current distance from the bottom of the first floors of buildings to the floor of the second. Sometimes it happens that the created products with a 90-degree rotation with their upper end begin to rest directly on the ceiling. The way out of the situation may well be the arrangement of small gaps above the stairs. Well, the distance itself is calculated as follows: about 100 mm is added to the height of the tallest family members.

As for the "working height" of the products, it should be at least 2 m. With the length of the structures, everything is much simpler. This indicator should be equal to the same "marching" parameters (taking into account the landings, if they are available).

But the measurements concerning the average length of the "marches" of products with winder steps are carried out at certain distances from the railings of the structures (about 50 cm). Well, the concept of "width" already includes the gaps between two handrails.

Great offers from the Stairs Master company

Innovative models with a turn of 90 degrees, leading to the second floors, have now become insanely demanded structures. However, it is very difficult to calculate stairs of such a plan on your own. In order to save yourself from difficulties, it is best to purchase ready-made versions of products from the successful company "Ladders Master" in Moscow at the lowest prices.

For example, comfortable "swing" stairs, called "Elegant", are made of excellent metals, good wood and the best glass. In addition, they are compact in size and unique sophistication, and their price is 50 390 rubles.

The “Prestige” constructions are also considered a good solution. Their main advantages are stylish designs and rather low cost - 44,290 rubles. Such models will ideally fit into relatively small openings.

Solo products with 90 degree turns are also distinguished by their original forms. They are made only of the highest quality products and cost 74,452 rubles.

The price of unique "Modern" ("swing") stairs is now 120,030 rubles. Such stylish designs will truly emphasize the beauty and uniqueness of the interiors in a private house.

It is impossible not to mention the newest products "SuperElegant", which are in no way inferior to their counterparts in terms of convenience. They have comfortable dimensions, and their current price is 108,904 rubles.

The most accurate, convenient and reliable calculation stairs with a turn of 90 degrees in Runet. Based on the results of the calculation, you will receive all the necessary data for the manufacture of a double-flight staircase with a turn of 90 degrees with detailed detailed drawings of each element and an adaptive 3D model.

90 degree stair calculator with landing

Staircase with 90 ° turn(L-shaped staircase) is a structure of two flights, located relative to each other at right angles and connected by a turntable. It is the most popular type of construction, since it has small dimensions and allows installation in openings with a small area, while maintaining a comfortable step height.

Calculator of stairs with a turn of 90 degrees with a platform from KALK.PRO allows you to get details, necessary for the manufacture of stringers, steps, risers, platforms, railings, balusters and much more. In addition, you get a full-fledged set of staircase drawings (assembled or individual elements) in different projections, and elements of a virtual scene (3D model) allow you to evaluate the structure in a given opening in real proportions and make the final decision on the need to use this particular structure.

Instructions

In order to get the calculation on our calculator, you need to select or enter:

• Units... Choose from mm, cm, m, inches, feet, default cm.
• Ladder option... Right handed or left handed design.
• Opening dimensions... Height, length, width of the opening.
• Steps... Number (top, bottom), thickness, ledge. It should also be noted that the top step will be located at the level of the 2nd floor or not.
• Risers... Optional.
• Kosoura... Thickness and width.
• Overlapping... Slab thickness, protrusion above the opening, offset from the wall.
• Fencing... Height, width and thickness of handrails, section of the baluster.
• Wall... Thickness.

After that, press the button " Calculate».

If you do not know the initial data that are necessary for calculating a 90 ° rotary staircase, you should read the next paragraph, which presents the optimal dimensions of structural elements in private houses. Recommended reading.

We warn you that for the construction of stairs there are certain building codes and regulations governing the methods of calculating loads and strengths, dimensions, quality of materials, etc. It is necessary to design a staircase only in accordance with these rules, which include various SNIPs and GOSTs, in order to avoid the collapse of the structure, or its increased risk of injury.

Calculating a staircase online with a 90 ° turn with a platform on our website allows you to avoid most of the difficulties. Possible errors will be highlighted in red in the block "Calculation results".

For the calculation of wooden stairs, whole "convenience formulas" have been derived. In construction practice, the most commonly used parameters for comfortable, durable and safe stairs have been formed. For example, most craftsmen use the well-known formula of the "ideal safe staircase", which was deduced several centuries ago by the architect Francois Blondel:

Comfortable ladder formula: 2 × h + s = 60/65 cm

• h is the height of the steps;
• s is the length of the steps.

• Stair tilt angle... Convenient angle of inclination of wooden stairs between 30-45 degrees.
• Stair width... For the optimal size of the span of one march in a private house, they take 90-110 cm; if there is not enough space in a private house, the staircase can be made narrower, but not less than 80 cm.
• Height and width of steps... According to practice, the ideal step height is in the range of 15-17 cm, the optimal step width is 27-30 cm.
• Thickness of steps, risers and stringers... The elements are made of wooden planks, for a riser with a thickness of about 3 cm, and for steps - 4 cm, kosour - 5-7 cm.
• Minimum overhang. The minimum step overhang above the riser is 30 mm, the maximum for a wooden staircase is 40 mm.
• Number of steps... The maximum number for one flight of stairs is 18 pieces. On average, it is recommended to use 10-12 pieces.
• Fencing... For safety reasons, the height of the railing should be higher than 90 cm.

Calculation result

As a result of using our program for calculating stairs to the second floor with a 90 ° turn with a platform, you will receive the following information:

1. The amount of material required, i.e. full estimate for the manufacture of stairs.
2. The angle of inclination of the stairs, as well as recommendations for the optimal height and step width.
3. Parameters of stringers for two flights of stairs separately.
4. The length, width and height of the steps.
5. Riser options, if you choose to use them,
6. Dimensions of the platform connecting both flights of stairs.

Drawing of a staircase with a turn of 90 °

Also, the online calculator will prepare for you 4 drawings of a staircase with a platform: various views of the structure (side, top), a drawing of kosour (upper, lower) - all with detailed designations.

3D model of a staircase

A 3D model of an L-shaped staircase with a platform on kosoura allows you to preliminarily evaluate the resulting structure in real proportions. Pay attention to the buttons of the tab “ 3D view". With their help, you can enable or disable various elements of the virtual scene in order to design with maximum convenience.

• To zoom in / out the structure - you must use mouse wheel.
• To rotate the structure - use left mouse button(LMB).
• To change the starting point of view - hold down right mouse button(RMB).