Means of gender education. Gender education of children of primary preschool age. Video: Introduction to the Concept

Workshop material for teachers

"Gender education of preschool children".

By "gender" is meant the social sex of a person, formed in the process of upbringing the personality and includes psychological, social and cultural differences between men. (boys) and women (girls), and the existing properties and relationships are called gender.

The goal of the gender approach in pedagogy is the upbringing of children of different sexes, equally capable of self-realization and disclosure of their potentials and capabilities in modern society.

When organizing gender education, it is important to understand that anatomical and biological features are only prerequisites, potential possibilities of mental differences between boys and girls. These mental differences are formed under the influence of social factors - the social environment and upbringing. As a result, we have the opportunity to consider the issues of upbringing girls and boys not as a given from birth, but as a phenomenon developed as a result of a complex interaction of natural inclinations and corresponding socialization, as well as taking into account the individual characteristics of each specific child.

The current situation requires a girl to display not only traditionally feminine qualities (gentleness, femininity, caring attitude towards others), but also determination, initiative, ability to defend their interests and achieve results. It is impossible to bring up only masculine qualities in boys, because reality will require from them tolerance, responsiveness, the ability to come to the rescue.

We all know that the period of preschool childhood is invaluable in general for human development. All the most important personality traits, inclinations and abilities are formed at this age. Sexual identification of a child occurs already by the age of three or four, that is, by the end of a young age, the child assimilates his gender, although he does not yet know what content the concepts of "boy" and "girl" should be filled with. Stereotypes of male and female behavior enter the psychology of the child through direct observation of the behavior of men and women. The child imitates everything: both forms of behavior that are beneficial to others, and stereotypes of behavior of adults, which are harmful social habits.

The child does not yet use these symbols of "masculinity" in his practice, but he is already beginning to introduce them into the plot of the game. The orientation of the child to the values of his gender occurs not only in the family, but also in the preschool institution, in which he spends most of the time.

It is well known that the environment is one of the main means of developing a child's personality, a source of his individual knowledge and social experience. Subject-spatial environment not only provides different types of activity for preschoolers (physical, playful, mental, etc.), but also forms the basis of his independent activity, taking into account gender characteristics. The role of an adult in this case is to open up to boys and girls the full range of possibilities of the environment and direct their efforts to use individual elements of it, taking into account the gender and individual characteristics and needs of each child.

At preschool age, play is the main type of children's activity, it is in the story game that children learn gender behavior, therefore, we pay special attention to the selection of materials and equipment for the play activities of girls and boys. When carrying out work on raising children taking into account their gender characteristics, we suggest paying attention to the following:

On the attractiveness of play material and role-playing attributes in order to attract children to reflect in the game socially approved images of female and male behavior;

Sufficiency and completeness of material for games, during which girls reproduce the model of social behavior of a woman - mother;

The presence of attributes and markers of the playing space for games - “travels” in which boys have the opportunity to play the male model of behavior.

Children identify the process of dressing and undressing dolls and soft toys with the procedure that they constantly encounter in their own lives, which contributes to their awareness of the human meaning of this action, and if at first the child simply reproduces the actions of adults in the game, then gradually he begins to designate and name his own role: "I am a mom", "I am a dad".

When toys look attractive, it is much easier to make girls and boys feel sympathetic to them. In the process of playing with such toys, it is easier to encourage children to express their feelings towards the toy: speak affectionate words, hug, look into the eyes, etc. etc. Reflecting socially approved patterns of male and female behavior towards toys in play, girls and boys receive the necessary emotional development.

An important role in the development of play activity belongs to the construction of large building materials. Boys, first under guidance and then on their own, willingly design for group games. It can be a large car, an airplane, a steamer, a train car, etc. etc. At the same time, a very important condition for raising children taking into account their gender characteristics is that boys can be entrusted with "hard" work: "lift" the material on machines, install the main large parts, etc. etc.

A serious drawback of playing activity is the repetition of the same play actions, it is often necessary to observe how boys, picking up cars, perform monotonous actions back and forth with them, imitating the sound of a motor, or repeatedly roll them off some surface. In the games of girls, the monotony is manifested in the fact that, acting with the doll, they repeat the same game actions. Adults should not put up with a low level of development of play activity. Therefore, if, as a result of observing children's play, it is established that children play at the level of imitation or in the process of playing they are limited to a “role in action,” then educators and parents should take measures to eliminate these shortcomings.

The role of the educator is that he participates in the children's play on a daily basis. At the same time, he supervises both games in which all children participate at will, and plays differentially with girls and boys.

Currently, in the mass practice of kindergartens, there is an imbalance in the subject environment towards the prevalence of "girly" materials and manuals. Attributes for girls' games are closer to a woman educator. The "beauties" of doll life are pleasing to the eye in comparison with technical toys, construction sets or sets for games aimed at training dexterity and accuracy. In addition, the materials and equipment for girls' play create a sense of safety, unlike the items that boys like to play with. At the same time, children's toys play a very important role in the formation of gender identity. Traditionally, toys and games have helped girls practice activities related to preparing for motherhood and housekeeping, developing communication and cooperation skills. Boys' toys and games encouraged them to invent, transform the world around them, help develop skills that would later form the basis of spatial and intellectual abilities, and encourage independent, competitive and leadership behavior. Through gender labeling of materials, there is a clear and explicit identification of gender roles that must meet the real social needs of society.

Particular attention should be paid to the communication of teachers with children. Observations show that at present, educators' appeal to their wards is limited to the word "children", which does not contribute to the identification of the self-child image with a certain social role. Therefore, the primary task is to introduce into the life of preschool educational institutions sex-oriented appeals to children in situations where it is appropriate. Issues related to the interests and needs of girls and boys also need to be reconsidered.

So, boys are very fond of friendly fights, which is often not a manifestation of aggression, but creates a positive emotional background in children. Educators do not always correctly understand the boys' need for such fights and abruptly interrupt them, depriving children of the joy they experience at the same time.

The interaction of girls and boys is important. According to modern psychology, children's play communication has pronounced gender preferences (choosing a partner of their own sex). Up to two years old, they are still hardly noticeable, but by the age of three, first in girls, and then in boys, there is a clear gravitation to play with peers of the same sex.

Relations between boys are built, as a rule, on the recognition of the skills to organize, achieve a positive result, defend their opinion, and defend themselves. Girls are attracted primarily by their appearance and emotional responsiveness in relationships with girls. A boy in a group of peers of the same sex acquires masculine traits, becomes more independent from his mother. Therefore, in the games of boys, group activity is especially characteristic. Girls' games take place in smaller groups, with less aggressiveness, more reciprocity and trust.

The game interaction of preschool children of the same sex in most cases is longer. At the same time, there are fewer conflict situations. Game contacts are not broken if one boy is playing among the girls. The appearance of the second boy entails rivalry and inconsistency in the children's play actions. Boys also accept girls in their games, but they do not like it when there are many of them, they do not accept girls who are emotionally rejected.

At the age of three or four, girls are the first to distance themselves from boys. On the one hand, it is important to encourage girls and boys to unite in games, in the classroom and in everyday life, on the other, it is important to teach children to interact with members of the opposite sex. Scientists believe that in preschool childhood, girls and boys must learn to get along with each other and, in the process of joint activities, understand and accept those characteristic features that young females and males possess.

In addition, having explained to parents the need to develop children in play activities, the teacher can invite them to participate in children's games, thus combining the inclusion of parents and children in a plot role-playing game, which will help the parent acquire practical skills that he can use in the future while playing with your child at home.

Often adults condemn the behavior of boys when they run, shout, play war. But if we consider that boys physiologically need more space for play, that in play they develop physically, learn to regulate their strength, play helps them to discharge the accumulated energy, then, perhaps, there will be less reason for condemnation. Just give them space and make sure that the games are not aggressive, for this you need to teach boys how to play soldiers, pilots, sailors and create the appropriate conditions for this. Since boys are very fond of disassembling toys, studying their structure and design (and adults often perceive this as intentional damage to toys), when buying toys for boys, you need to take this into account. It is better to purchase constructors "collapsible transport models" for games.

Girls need little space to play. When organizing a gaming environment, you need to keep this in mind. It is desirable that everything that may be needed for the game is nearby. Girls most often learn the role of a mother in games, so it is necessary that they have a sufficient number of dolls, strollers and other paraphernalia. Since girls have better developed fine motor skills, they need more small toys and attributes for games.

When the level of development is reached in the game, which is characterized by the acceptance of a role and the ability to carry out role actions in a certain sequence, the educator can proceed to solving issues related to teaching girls and boys to perform social functions in the game.

Raising children taking into account their gender characteristics, on the one hand, is designed to help the child realize himself as a representative of a particular gender. As a result of this, children should develop gender stability: “I am a girl and will always be her”, “I am a boy and will always be one”. But at the same time, the current situation in the development of society is categorically opposed to men and women having a number of advantages based on gender. For example, boys, as future men, in their personal manifestations, should not only demonstrate masculinity, unbending will and "iron" muscles. They should be kind, gentle, empathetic, and show concern for other people, relatives and friends.

Girls, as future women, in addition to traditionally feminine qualities, should be active and proactive and be able to defend their interests.

It is obvious that the upbringing of children, taking into account their gender characteristics, will largely be determined by the individual characteristics of each child, depend on those patterns of behavior of women and men that the child constantly encounters in the family. But this does not mean at all that the educational influence exerted on a girl or boy at this tender age will not affect the development of the personality. Manifestation in girls and boys of those personality traits that will allow them to be successful in modern society.

Gahramanova Sevinj Salim kyzy Educator GBOU school 1272 Moscow

Term "Gender" , which appeared in Western psychology in the 1950s, was associated primarily with the study of people whose self-identification as a man or a woman did not coincide with their biological sex. Then the question was posed, what are the social, psychological, behavioral qualities and models of behavior in modern society inherent in people of different genders. As a definition of gender in modern domestic science, the definition developed by I.S. Kletsina who understands gender as “A specific set of cultural characteristics that determine the social behavior of women and men, their relationship with each other. Gender, therefore, refers not just to women or men, but to the relationships between them, and to the way of social construction of these relationships, that is, to how society "builds" these relations and interaction of the sexes in society " (I. S. Kletsina, 2004, p. 71)... Thus, it follows from the theory that gender is not a natural given, but a social construct. (T.V. Bendas, 2006, p.16)... Gender presupposes the sex-role self-awareness of the individual, which can and should be influenced by upbringing, and the earlier such upbringing begins, the better.

What does a kindergarten teacher face when working with a group of children in a kindergarten? Boys and girls, realizing that they are male or female (such self-identification, according to child psychologists, occurs already by the age of 2), do not always demonstrate the qualities and behaviors inherent in their sex: boys can be whiny, tender, dependent and dependent, girls, on the contrary, are active, lacking patience, modesty, and prone to conflicts. Pedagogically, this is understandable - children are still small, they are experiencing or have just gone through a crisis of 3 years, the qualities of their personality are unstable and mobile ... But one cannot help but be alarmed by the fact that the tendency towards a shift in gender patterns observed in the past twenty years has been especially acute in recent years. Therefore, gender education, understood as sex-role education, is given close attention in the federal state education standards developed for preschool institutions. By the end of training at a preschool educational institution, i.e. by 6-7 years old, the standard assumes that "The child has primary ideas about himself, the family, traditional family values, including traditional gender orientations, shows respect for his own and the opposite sex" (N.E. Veraksa, T.S.Komarova, M.A.Vasilieva, 2014.)

The work aimed at achieving a given standard has several directions.

First of all - the general formation of teachers' understanding of the psychological differences between boys and girls in the process of preschool development. The brain in male and female children develops at different times, while having qualitative differences that must be taken into account. In girls, the left hemisphere of the brain is formed earlier, which is responsible for logical constructions and speech. Up to middle school age, boys develop the emotional sphere ahead of time. For boys, visual perception is preferred, girls are already able to perceive information by ear. (L. I. Bozhovich, 2016, pp.307-309)... Hence the deceptive impression of the general "Development" , responsibility, perseverance and emotional stability of girls. All these features, often directly opposite to the final gender stereotypes of men and women, should be taken into account by educators.

Further, the work of preschool teachers with parents is necessary. Quite often, it can be observed that in the family a child is brought up exactly as a child, leveling the sex of the preschooler, which is explained by the parents by the small age of the child. It is necessary that parents are aware of the importance of gender education, as well as the methods used for this in preschool educational institutions. (T.N.Doronova, 2008)... It is also highly desirable to involve parents in the process of gender education within the framework of interaction between the family and the preschool educational institution.

The third important point is that for the formation of the gender identity of preschoolers, a subject-development environment plays an important role, where boys and girls have the opportunity to communicate, play, work together, but at the same time they can show their individual qualities, as well as features inherent in their gender (Ya.S. Kolominskiy, 2001. S. 20)

The leading type of children's activity for preschoolers is play. It is in the role-playing game that children learn their gender roles. Even younger preschoolers, not to mention middle and senior, for the deployment of a story game, need a set of game items that set "Imaginary situation" , it doesn't matter if this situation is connected with male, female or joint action.

Oddly enough, the equipment of preschool educational institutions is often dominated by objects that mainly create an environment for girls' games rather than boys: dolls, strollers, doll clothes, various doll furniture or a play space that imitates devices for women's professions or home activities: a hairdresser, a toy store, a toy kitchen, bathroom, etc. Boys are most often left with a variety of cars, which are more likely not a means for creating a gaming environment, but a purely operational item in a game. (S. E. Kuvshinova, 2013)... Therefore, attention should be paid to the formation "Boyish" play environment: toy "Car fleet" , the availability of sets of toy tools for mastering a particular "male" professions, children's military / police / fire / naval uniform, toy railroad, etc. An important role in the development of children's play activity belongs to the construction of large building materials. Boys, first under the guidance of a teacher, and then on their own, can design a garage for a car, a road junction, build a house, create a steamer, an airplane, a train car, etc. from a designer. About creating "male" the play environment, it should be borne in mind that boys physiologically need more space to play, and the games themselves are more energetic and noisy for them than for girls. This is natural, and is explained by the peculiarities of development that must be taken into account.

Finally, the last - in order, but not in importance - is the actual educational process, which also breaks down into several components.

Gender upbringing in the course of children's educational activities includes a variety of didactic games, conversations, riddles, acquaintance with the rules of etiquette, solving problematic inter-sex situations available in preschool age, and much more. It is important that, in this case, children develop a concept not only of their own gender, but also of the behavioral models of men and women in society.

For children to understand gender roles, one cannot do without such powerful tools as reading fiction available to preschoolers, as well as discussing works and illustrations to them. For these purposes, Russian folklore, the works of Russian and Soviet domestic writers provide a wealth of material. On the example of literary heroes, boys learn to be brave, responsible, courageous, and such qualities as loyalty, tenderness, care, gentleness, etc. awaken in girls. Both boys and girls realize the social role of their sex, learning at the same time to build constructive relationships with the opposite sex ...

In the process of labor activity, to which preschoolers are involved in the course of training at preschoolers, boys are entrusted with work related to the use of physical strength and dexterity, and girls - with accuracy.

Musical lessons and learning of pair dances by itself is intended to form in children ideas about the difference between the sexes. Boys master the role of a leading partner in dancing, learn movements that require dexterity, strength (with the support of a partner), and girls learn to be led, acquire grace, gentleness, grace.

Physical education classes also help to implement a gender approach to preschool educational institutions: in the process of specially organized classes, children acquire such physical qualities that are considered to be male or female. So, learning complex motor movements (for example, throwing a ball at a distance is easier for boys and vice versa, jumping rope - for girls).

So, in the period of preschool childhood, preschool teachers not only must, but have every opportunity to help any child to reveal those unique qualities and personality traits that are given to him by gender.

Literature.

T.V. Bendas Gender psychology. SPb .: Peter, 2006.510 p.
Bozhovich L.I. Personality and its formation in childhood. Moscow: Education, 2016.382 p.
Doronova T.N. Girls and boys in the family and kindergarten. A guide for preschool educational institutions. Moscow: Education, 2008.127 p.
Kletsina I.S. Psychology of Gender Relations: Theory and Practice. - SPb .: Aleteya, 2004.418 p.
Kolominskiy Ya.S. Boys and girls. Knowledge is power. Moscow: Vlados, 2001.289 p.
Kuvshinova S.E. Gender education in preschool age: How does gender education affect preschool children? [Electronic resource]// Municipal formation: innovation and experiment. 2013. No. 1 (Date of treatment 16.11.2017)
From Birth to School: A Sample General Education Program for Early Childhood Education (pilot version)/ Ed. NOT. Veraksy, T.S. Komarova, M.A. Vasilyeva. Moscow: Mosaika synthesis, 2014.368 p.

Gender upbringing of preschoolers means taking into account the individual characteristics of the child, depending on whether he is male or female. The essence of this method is to instill in a child his social role from childhood.

Gender education of preschool children has recently begun to gain popularity. In the recent past, men have always been leaders and were considered the stronger sex, and women - the weak. Now everything has changed. Increasingly, boys grow up to be pampered and unable to commit serious and courageous deeds. As a child grows up, his outlook on life remains the same.

Girls, formerly the weaker sex, began to "crowd out" men. Increasingly, a woman becomes the head of the family, who provides her members with everything they need.

Due to improper upbringing, the child's feelings of belonging to sex become dull, which in the future is the cause of inappropriate forms of behavior.

According to research, if you do not take any measures, then in the not too distant future gender unification will lead to loneliness. That is, the traditional families created will quickly disintegrate, as each will feel superiority over the other or will not find protection in their partner.

Even if there are two children in a family and they are of different sexes, then parents should learn how to raise them correctly from childhood. The fact is that boys and girls need a different approach.

A Gender Approach to Upbringing Girls

If parents want their daughter to grow up as a caring and gentle woman, during the upbringing process they should focus on the following things:

The uniqueness of the baby. The child should be aware all the time that there are no more people like her. You can't underestimate the girl's self-esteem.
The beauty. Appearance increases self-confidence. A daughter needs to compliment and admire her beauty. It is preferable that the father did it. Thus, the concept that a girl should be attracted to men is instilled.
Formation of personal qualities. It is required to convey to the baby the notion that helping an outsider makes her better.
... You should not only demand from the baby to fulfill all the wishes of the parents. Mom for her daughter should become not only a mentor, but also a friend. During the conversation with her mother, the girl will begin to understand how to be the keeper of the home.

To make it easier for the girl to understand all the information that parents are trying to convey to her, it is recommended to turn to fairy tales. There is a certain moral in every fairy tale. The action of the characters encourages children to show various emotions. They begin to worry about the main character, thereby forming a sense of compassion, kindness and justice. Girls can learn examples of moral behavior from fairy tales.

In gender education, the role of children's games should not be underestimated. With their help, you can lay the foundation for future motherhood. The girl should buy toys that encourage her to develop caring and maternal instincts. These can be dolls, strollers, dishes, and more.

Particular attention should be paid to clothing and personal care. A little fashionista should understand from childhood that an attractive appearance makes it much easier to get closer to people.

The child all the time looks at the people around him and from this draws a certain part of the information that affects his social development. Therefore, in matters of raising a child, a home atmosphere is quite important. Observing how the girl's mother behaves, the baby will strive to imitate her.

Raising a boy

In the gender upbringing of a boy, one must take into account the fact that in the future he must become a courageous person - the protector of the family. In addition, other qualities must be formed in it, which will not allow making a rude and ill-mannered person out of the baby, therefore, just dressing and feeding the child is not enough.

So that from a small person, in matters of upbringing, emphasis should be placed on the following points:

Give special "important" tasks and, after completing them, be sure to praise the baby. It is necessary to focus on the fact that the child took a responsible attitude to the task assigned to him.
Provide the baby with the opportunity to independently solve some everyday problems, as well as ask the boy to explain his choice.
All the child's aspirations should not be suppressed. His initiative must be supported.
The child should regularly interact with children of their own age. A visit to a sports section will be a good activity.

When it comes to gender upbringing of a boy, you need to know when to stop. You can't overdo it. First of all, one should not charge the child with all household chores and demand unquestioning obedience from him, arguing that the child must be strong in everything. Such actions will deprive the boy of his childhood. Despite the peculiarity of upbringing, one should not forget that a baby is an ordinary child who has the right to show weakness.

Both parents should influence the upbringing of a boy. To prevent the baby from growing up selfish, without a sense of compassion and helping others, the boy should see how his father helps his mother with household chores.

There are also norms of behavior that must be followed regardless of gender. This is tolerance, respect for others and their opinions. Such concepts will make children not weak, but socially adapted.

What is gender? The term refers to the social gender of the individual, which is created through upbringing. The concept includes psychological, cultural differences between women and men.

Gender education of preschool children

Awareness of one's gender and identification with it occurs in the period from 2 to 3 years. Gradually, the child realizes that gender is always constant and does not change over time. The approach to the sexual development of babies is based on differences in appearance and the need to take into account socio-biological characteristics. The upbringing of children in kindergarten and family consists in a special organization.This is due to differences in the structure of the brain and its activity, as well as differences in the temperaments of girls and boys. Young women develop earlier, so they begin to speak faster, and rational-logical thinking is closer to them up to a certain age. Boys are prone to violent displays of emotions, their mood often changes. Girls are closer to classes in small groups, and little men like competitions, joint, outdoor games.

Gender child types

Sexual difference includes the following components: cognitive self-awareness, emotional identity, specificity of behavior. Based on these components, gender types are born, which are classified. To which of them the child will be closer depends on the parents. Consider the characteristics of children by gender:

Masculine child. He strives for independence of behavior, respects authority. More often in need of communication with a significant man. Basically, such children are focused on achieving high results in certain areas, strive for leadership, love competition. When communicating with peers, they are prone to authoritarianism, do not tolerate objections.
Feminine child. Boys of this type have problems communicating with their gender. They do not show independence, initiative, are cautious and have a dependent behavior. The child needs to be supported, to show faith in his capabilities. Often does not want to communicate with the masculine type.
Androgynous child. The type is highly active in communicating with children of any gender. He is independent, often achieves high results. He tries to overcome difficulties without the help of outsiders. Masculine qualities are manifested in helping and protecting the weak.
Undifferentiated type. The child is passive, avoids contacts, does not strive for achievements. There is no pronounced style of behavior.

Moms and dads have a major influence on the formation of gender type. Incorrect perception of the characteristics of one's gender often occurs in incomplete or

The problem of gender education

Let us note the following number of reasons that influence the formation of the wrong image of one's gender:

Feminization of men and evolution of women.
Decreased sense of gender differences.
The growth of inappropriate forms of behavior of young people.
Problems in your personal life.

Gender education of preschool children is a problem. Basically, the training system is carried out by mothers, nannies, female educators, that is, it is extremely feminized. This situation has a particularly negative impact on the development of boys.

Gender education for kindergarten teachers

Working with children should be gender-based. So, in the educational process, it is necessary to take into account the different perception of information among boys and girls. For the former, it is preferable to rely on visual aids, and for the latter, on auditory. When engaging in creativity, you need to remember that in boys, hand movements lag behind the little ones by a year and a half. Little men need to be given work easier or to take an individual approach. When the teacher evaluates the activities of children, then in this case, gender differences are taken into account. For example, the intonation of speech, the form of assessment, the presence of people are most important for girls. For a boy, this is an assessment of the result itself, not a way of achieving it. He is also able to improve his work. Gender education of preschool children is not complete without play. Boys are characterized by active, noisy activities, and girls - quiet, most often role-playing on family and household topics. Of course, educators are calmer when children are engaged in sedentary games, but this limits the development of the personality of little men. Gender-sensitive role-playing or theater play is a good pastime.

Musical development

During classes of this kind, boys need to pay attention to learning the elements of the dance, which require dexterity and strength, and girls - softness and fluency. The gender approach in preschool education takes into account the teaching of the skills of a leading dance partner. Songs that indicate gender differences also contribute to the formation of the desired behavior.

Sports development

Gender education of preschool children is also carried out in physical education classes. Exercises for girls are based on the development of flexibility, coordination. For example, exercises with ribbons, jumping rope. For boys, the exercises last a little longer and the equipment is slightly heavier. Successful gender education of older preschool children is based on the fact that girls have near vision and boys have far vision. Therefore, the latter need more space for activity. When you get to know a new sport, you need to focus on its gender.

Parental involvement in gender development

The upbringing of preschool children in kindergarten and family should be interconnected. Parents periodically need help in ensuring the full development of the child, and here they can turn to the educators. The teacher can invite moms and dads to participate in joint classes, which they can then use at home. To educate parents in kindergartens, stands are installed on which up-to-date information on the development of children is painted. The key to the correct formation of knowledge about gender differences is the conduct of events with the participation of the whole family. This can be family talent contests, acquaintance with the professions of parents, sports. on gender education of preschool children may be announced during parent meetings. Moms and dads, as well as teachers, discuss different ways of raising their children.

Summing up

The gender aspect is an important and urgent task in the development of future dads and mothers. Under the influence of social changes in modern society, traditional views on gender behavior are gradually being destroyed. The roles of men and women are often confused, and boundaries in professional spheres are blurred. More and more often dad sits at home, and mom earns money. Based on this, girls become aggressive, domineering, rude, and boys cannot stand up for themselves, are emotionally unstable and do not have the skills of a culture of behavior with the female sex. Therefore, it is very important from an early age to give children knowledge about the characteristics of their gender. This implies an increased demand for the parents themselves, for their behavior and lifestyle. It is necessary to pay attention to the work of teachers in kindergartens, remembering that the child spends most of the day there.

Teachers are increasingly talking about the fact that the upbringing of preschoolers requires a gender approach. Not all parents know the meaning of this term. Gender education of preschool children implies taking into account the individual characteristics of children in accordance with their gender.

Why do girls and boys need to be brought up differently, what parents should do - topical questions, the answers to which should be known to all moms and dads.

In the modern world, you can see that many men are weak and indecisive. Women are stronger. They are able to fulfill the role of the head of the family. We understand that everything should be the other way around. Men should be bold and determined, while women should be gentle and empathetic. As a rule, gender problems arise from the fact that parents do not properly raise their children.

Moms and dads, raising boys and girls alike, are making a serious mistake. Children are not becoming what their parents would like to see. Boys grow up to be gentle, emotional and cowardly. Girls also exhibit non-gender-specific behaviors. Babies are deprived of patience, modesty and tenderness. They are aggressive and rude. To correct the situation of "mixing" the sexes, parents should adjust the process of raising girls and boys.

Why use a gender perspective? Young children are not fully aware of their gender. All they know is that there are boys and girls. The difference between the sexes, according to children, is in appearance. Babies don't know that boys and girls have to behave differently.

Gender education is one of the most important tasks facing parents and kindergarten educators. Toddlers should associate themselves with a particular gender. Gender education for preschool children has the following benefits:

the crumbs begin to understand that they belong to one sex or another;
children develop a sense of tolerance towards others;
crumbs learn about the rules of behavior that are characteristic of both sexes, begin to follow them.

Thanks to the right approach, parents make life easier for their kids in the future, help to avoid serious mistakes, because of which kids could become outcasts in the team.

If a daughter grows up in a family

In raising a baby, you need to decide on the final goal of this process. Many parents try to make their unfulfilled dreams come true. For example, mom and dad wanted to be famous scientists or businessmen, but they could not achieve this. Such parents strive to make their baby a famous person and instill in her such personal qualities, thanks to which she could achieve everything in life. And in vain ... Perhaps the girl will achieve everything that her parents dreamed about, but she is unlikely to be happy in family life, and this is the most important thing.

If you want to raise a caring and gentle woman, a good hostess and a loving mother from a girl, then adhere to the following rules:

inspire the baby that she is unique and unique, in no case do not underestimate her self-esteem;
focus your attention on the girl's appearance, admire her beauty (it is advisable that the father speaks flattering words, because thanks to this the girl will understand how a real man should behave);
involve the baby in doing good deeds, the child will develop such personal qualities as responsiveness, hard work, generosity, compassion;
talk with your daughter more often, share secrets, suitable topics for conversation: "Girls are future mothers", "Girls are little princesses", "Girls are future keepers of the hearth".

Fairy tales help in raising babies. Thanks to these works, children develop love for their neighbors. Fairy tales teach you to be fair, kind and obedient. In addition, girls can learn from them examples of moral behavior.

Games are of great importance in gender education. In them, girls master the role of a woman, a mother. That is why babies should have enough dolls, strollers and other toys.

Gender education for preschool children can include the following games:

"Fashion house". Let the girl try on her dresses, combine things, walk beautifully around the room, presenting herself on the podium. The game teaches you how to present yourself correctly, contributes to the development of creativity and the development of correct posture, forms a sense of proportion and taste.
"Beauty saloon". Mom and daughter can compete in which of them will be the most attractive. The game forms in the girl such qualities as femininity, neatness, causes the desire to be beautiful and constantly monitor her appearance.
"Little hostess". In this game, mom should compete with her daughter in culinary skills, knowledge of recipes, the ability to set the table and receive guests.
Games with dolls. Let the girl take care of her toy, dress, heal and feed her. Such games with dolls foster feelings of responsibility and empathy, develop a desire to look after and help people who need it.

Keep in mind that the main component of a good parenting is the family. The girl should see that close people treat each other with love and respect. The baby in the future will strive to recreate the same positive atmosphere in her family.

If parents have a son

Unfortunately, it is not enough to feed the boy delicious meals, dress and shoe him.

To grow a real man out of a child, listen to the following recommendations:

give the boy “serious” tasks, praise him for any achievements, encourage the desire to do homework (the baby will feel like a full-fledged member of the family, he will understand that his loved ones need him);
give the child the right to make decisions on his own, ask his opinion and talk to him as if you were talking to an adult;
give your son the initiative more often, support his activity, because this trait is important for all boys;
more often allow the child to communicate with his peers or write him down in some section, the feeling of belonging to a group will have a positive effect on the development of self-esteem;
talk to your child about important topics, for example, "Boys are little knights", "Boys are future dads", "Boys are protectors of children, women and the elderly", "Boys are young craftsmen";
do not shoulder all household chores on children's shoulders, do not deprive your son of childhood, do not scold him for tears.

Games in gender upbringing of preschool children are indispensable. It is this kind of pastime that contributes to the formation of positive personal qualities, teaches how to behave with the opposite sex.

Here are some useful games for boys:

Avtozavod. Let your child make a big car using the construction set. Then give your child a "hard" task: to move the parts to another place where the transport is made. The game develops creative imagination, fosters a positive attitude towards working professions.
"Knight Tournament". Compete with your child in dexterity, dexterity, strength, ingenuity, gallantry, wit. Come up with suitable tasks, such as walking through a maze, tug-of-war, solving puzzles, and more.
Staging based on the plot of the work. Invite your child to play a fairytale character with positive personality traits (eg, decisiveness, masculinity). Thanks to the staging, the boy will understand how a real man should behave.

For those with multiple children

It's good when a family has two or more kids. And parents have no time to get bored, and crumbs can have fun together. But raising a few children is a rather difficult task.

Above were listed games, some of which are suitable only for girls, and others only for boys. Not all parents can spend a lot of time working with each child individually.

"Home routines". Invite your kids to cook food using toy utensils. Tell the girl and boy what they should do, help in the distribution of work responsibilities. The game forms an idea of what roles a woman and a man should play.
Sleeping Prince and Princess. This game is aimed at the formation of friendly relations between children, the development of the desire to say something pleasant to each other. Let the girl play a sleeping princess. The boy will have to wake up the beauty using kind words. The girl will need to perform similar actions when her brother pretends to be a sleeping prince.
"Building a house." Invite the children to build a house out of a cardboard box. Let the boy do the “construction”, and the girl do the “arrangement”. Children will understand that men have to do hard work. Women have a different task. It consists in filling the atmosphere of the house with coziness and warmth.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that boys and girls cannot be raised in the same way. They feel, experience and perceive the world around them in different ways. Parents should adhere to gender education for preschool children. Thanks to this approach, girls grow into gentle, caring, understanding women who can comfort in difficult times, and from boys - fearless, strong men who can cope with all difficulties and protect loved ones and people in need in case of danger.