Ensuring fire safety.
The head of any enterprise is obliged to know how to ensure fire safety on the territory of the organization. The system of fire safety of the enterprise is a complex of organizational measures and technical means aimed at preventing fire-hazardous situations and eliminate damage from fires.
Fire events will include the publication by the head of the organization of a document on fire safety at the enterprise. This order results in the actions of the situation and instructions that ensure the maximum efficiency of fire hazardous protection located in the territory of buildings and premises and especially explosive and fire-hazardous sites on them. Also, the head of the organization is appointed by the person responsible for the fire safety of the territory.
Other documents governing security in the event of a fire in the enterprise are instructions on fire safety events. These instructions are developed on the basis of existing standards and safety rules (standards, construction and technological standards of design, equipment installation).
Instructions are established the main provisions on fire protection in the enterprise. Based on these documents on the territory of the organization, technical conditions are created for successful fire extinguishing.
Instructions are the following types:
The general bore instruction is the instructions on fire safety measures on the whole enterprise;
Instructions for specific buildings, structures and production processes;
Instructions for the safe implementation of temporary fire-hazardous or explosive works leading in the enterprise (welding, construction and installation, etc.);
The development of instructions is carried out by a fire safety department or a person responsible for the safety of the enterprise. Approves the instructions, the head, who coordinates these documents with the service of labor protection. Instructions are entered in an ordinary order.
Instructions should reflect the following questions:
The content of the territory is in appropriate order, including evacuation paths;
The adoption of fire safety measures during technological processes, during the operation of equipment and carrying out fires;
The rules and procedure for the storage and transportation of explosion and fire-hazardous materials in the enterprise;
Places left for smoking, the use of open fire and works using flammable materials;
Rules for the storage and further removal of combustible materials;
Content and storage of workwear;
The limit values \u200b\u200bof measuring instruments, deviations from which are potentially dangerous for the occurrence of fire;
Employees of the enterprise should be instructed by actions during a fire.
Employees of the organization should know:
Rules for challenge firefighters;
Emergency stop rules for equipment;
Procedure for disconnecting electrical equipment and ventilation;
Rules for use of means for extinguishing fire and automatic fire facilities;
Rules for the evacuation of combustible and ignited substances and financially valuable things;
Procedure bringing to the safe state of the premises of the enterprise;
Fire-fighting briefing employees of the enterprise is carried out by persons responsible for fire safety. Each employee must examine instructions on fire actions and answer the questions of the responsible person on safety. A special document is made to inform the employee with the rules of fire safety.
Each enterprise must be provided with emergency outlets from a building in case of a fire. The presence and location of the outputs must inform special signs and inscriptions. For full control over the situation in enterprises, it is necessary to establish a fire alarm designed for the timely detection of open fire sources and smoke the room and the inclusion of anti-counter-fire protection.
In the premises of organizations in specially reserved, easily accessible places, primary fire extinguishing agents should be installed - portable funds used to combat fire at the initial stages of its development.
Such means include containers with fire extinguishing agents (sand, water), manual fire tool (axes, bugs, shovels and hooks), fire taps with barrel and sleeves on the inner fire water supply. Also, the premises must be equipped with good fire extinguishers, which are attached by understandable instructions.
In each room of the enterprise, the schemes of the personnel evacuation plan should be placed during the emergence of fire. For non-compliance with fire safety standards (smoking in an unidentified place, non-compliance with the rules of operation of electrical appliances and equipment), administrative sanctions can be applied to any employee of the organization or enterprise.
