The maximum length of the concrete supply by the concrete pump. Stationary concrete pump: types and specifications. Features of the selection of small-sized concrete pumps

Truck mounted concrete pumps are a concrete pumping device mounted on a chassis. truck. This equipment is designed to receive freshly prepared concrete mix from special concrete vehicles and supply it in vertical or horizontal directions to the place of laying.

The technique is used in the construction of mines, bridges, buildings and various structures from monolithic concrete.

Concrete pumps can be of two types - piston and rotary.

An important component of the technique is a concrete distribution boom, on which concrete pipelines are installed. The boom consists of several movable knees, due to which folding, movement, etc. is controlled. The length of the boom is 22-64 meters. But on some models of Japanese or Korean production, which are characterized by a small size, the length of the boom can be 10 meters. At the base of the boom there is a pumping unit directly, as well as a receiving hopper for concrete. A flexible hose-trunk 4-8 ​​meters long is put on the end of the boom. Truck-mounted concrete pumps work as follows - concrete or mortar comes from the concrete mixer tray into the hopper of the truck-mounted concrete pump. Next, the pumping unit pumps the mixture directly to the unloading point (which can be located high or at a horizontal distance). By the way, mortar and concrete can be supplied both along the boom of concrete pumps and along the route, which is mounted at the facility from separate pipes connected by special clamps. A rubber trunk is put on the end of this route, which distributes the concrete over the formwork. The length of the trunk is on average 4 meters.

As a rule, the route is used when pouring in existing buildings or under power lines, as well as in cases where it is difficult and impossible to bring the boom of a concrete pump to the required place.

The equipment can be controlled using a radio remote control or a backup remote control with cable.

Truck-mounted concrete pumps are equipped with hydraulic drives.

The distribution system can be with a standard gate or with an S-shaped gate.

According to the type of concrete supply, the equipment can be vacuum (concrete is pressed through due to the creation of a vacuum in the tray) and piston (concrete passes through the system due to the action of one or two pistons).

Curtain concrete pumps are designed in such a way that the feed mechanism is separated from the concrete pipeline by curtains. In sliding gate installations, the feed mechanism is separated from the concrete pipeline by a gate assembly.

The world record for horizontal concrete delivery is more than two kilometers. The record height of concrete delivery is 715 meters, which was achieved during the construction of the Parbati hydroelectric power plant in India in August 2009 using a pump manufactured by Schwing Stetter. In addition, the height of the tallest building in the world, the entire volume of concrete for which it was laid by one concrete pump, is 302 meters.

Most large construction companies use concrete pumps. With their help, the mixture is transported for the manufacture of foundations, various monolithic structures in the shortest possible time. In this article, devices installed on a car chassis, for example, a used concrete pump truck, will be provided and considered.

In the photo - the supply of the solution directly to the construction site

How it works

The main purpose of such equipment is the supply for pouring the finished concrete solution in a horizontal or vertical direction with an inclination of the supply cone within 60-120 mm. The concrete pump is installed on the chassis, the drive is hydraulic.

The boom located here consists of several articulated sections and a concrete pipeline, through which concrete mortar mixed in certain proportions. Usually it is not made by hand, but is centrally brought from the factory to determined by the plan construction site or are made on site using a mini concrete batching plant.

Note! You cannot use equipment to make mortar, the machine only pumps it from one point to another, facilitating and speeding up the construction process.

Extended Boom Concrete Pump Truck

Accessories

The design of the concrete pump has several elements with which it works and transports the finished mixture.

The main components are:

• concrete transport cylinders;
• hydraulic cylinders;
• piston group;
• receiving funnel;
• betonovod.

With the help of hydraulic cylinders, pistons of concrete transport cylinders are set in motion at a certain interval. The instruction is simple, during this process, the finished solution is captured, which at that moment is in the receiving funnel, and it is transported to the concrete pipeline, in accordance with the working cycle.

Folded Boom Concrete Pump

Properties

Below we consider specifications concrete pump truck:

1. With the help of a hydraulic drive, the solution moves freely along the concrete pipeline, in addition, the drive serves for several more tasks - the productivity and working pressure are regulated, thanks to which all components and mechanisms work in a rather gentle mode.
2. Concrete pumps, which have a hydraulic drive and a two-piston engine, provide a solution supply rate from 5 m3/h to 65 m3/h.
3. The maximum delivery distance of various grades of concrete is not more than 400 m in the horizontal direction and not more than 80 m in the vertical direction.

To calculate the performance, the following formula is used - P t \u003d I A kH n 3600, where:

• I - stroke of the piston (m);
• A - piston cross section (m);
• kN - coefficient of filling with a solution of a concrete transport cylinder (0.8 - 0.9);
• n is the number of the pair stroke of the piston.

Visualization of the foundation pouring process using a mobile unit

One of the main features of the model under consideration, in addition to mobility, is its performance, which is determined by the parameters of the concrete pipeline and boom. It should be said that the cost of construction will increase greatly, in this case it is offset by the speed and savings in labor resources.

The spreading boom on standard equipment consists of three sections, which are connected by articulations. It is placed on a swivel mechanism mounted on a chassis and resting on it with a frame. It rotates 360˚ and its working length can be no more than 19 m.

The equipment operates in the temperature range from -5˚С to +40˚С, with a supply voltage of 380 V. There are modifications that allow it to operate in standalone mode, then the equipment is provided with a diesel engine. Its power is measured in kW and depends on the model.

Kinds

An automobile concrete pump is a special equipment designed for pumping concrete. Unlike a stationary concrete pump, it is installed on a mobile chassis, so it is possible to deliver the finished solution directly to the work site.

With such transportation, the power of the pump is reduced, but it makes it possible to use it more efficiently. Any kind automatic pumps unable to transport large volumes of solution.

Tip: do not sharpen yourself with such a problem, as many construction projects do not need high power equipment.

Production work at sub-zero temperatures

Currently, the varieties of concrete pumps are divided into groups according to the amount of concrete pumped per hour:

In the construction industry, there are other classifications according to which the types of automotive concrete pumps are distributed.

For example, in terms of dimensions or the possibility of extending the boom:

1. If we analyze modern models of installations, the last parameter fluctuates in the range of 22-64 m.
2. For complex objects to which it is not possible to fit a car, units with higher rates are used.

Also one of important factors the height to which it is possible to extend the arrow is considered.

The principle of operation of piston cylinders

Tip: when calculating, keep in mind that the greater the height, the more powerful the pump motor must be.

It depends what gravity gets in the way correct styling for more high level structures, therefore, for the high-quality construction of tall buildings, it is necessary to use powerful equipment engines.

Output

From the article it became clear that the concrete pump truck has a big plus - mobility. Although this reduces its power, but this disadvantage is not always in demand for construction site. There are several types of such equipment, which differ from each other. overall dimensions, the amount of mortar supply and boom reach (see also the article “Concrete quality control is the key to safe construction”).

The video in this article will help you find Additional information on this topic.

Machines for transportation

concrete mixture and solutions.

Concrete pumps and pneumatic blowers.

The method of delivery of concretes and mortars from the mixing plant to the place of their laying and the equipment necessary for this are selected depending on the nature of the structure, the total volume of the mixture to be laid, the daily need for the mixture, the height of its rise and the range of horizontal movement.

The range of supplying the mixture by concrete pumps along a horizontal concrete pipeline reaches 400 m, vertically - 70 m. By mounting a series of concrete pumping units in series, it is possible to increase the range and height of delivery.

For any method of transportation, the mixture must be protected from delamination into its constituent parts.

In most cases, when performing large volumes of concrete work, it is economically feasible to transport the concrete mixture through pipes using concrete pumps. When it is necessary to transport concrete from central concrete plants to remote construction sites, truck mixers are the best vehicles to ensure the preservation of concrete quality.

Fig.1. Concrete pumps in operation:

a - monolithic construction; b - construction of a wall, strengthening of a slope;

in - pouring the foundation; G - filling floors.

In modern construction technologies, the most important role is played by increasing the productivity of work, saving time, labor, and, ultimately, financial costs. The use of mechanized equipment allows to solve this problem. One of the types of professional construction equipment is a concrete pump.

The purpose of this installation is to transport the prepared concrete mixture directly to the place of its pouring using a concrete pipeline, consisting of separate sections with quick-release joints and special distribution booms.

The supply of concrete through pipes during the construction of monolithic structures, in comparison with its supply by belt conveyors or cranes, increases labor productivity and reduces the cost of work. This method of transporting concrete allows you to work in cramped conditions and hard-to-reach places where other feed types cannot be applied.

concrete pump is a machine for pumping concrete mixture to the place of its laying (within the construction site) for the prompt and high-quality construction of various objects using a flexible concrete pipeline, which also makes it possible to pump concrete into various planes.

It is believed that the supply of concrete with the help of concrete pumps significantly improves the quality of the laid concrete. This is due to the fact that during the transfer of the concrete solution, additional mixing is carried out, which increases the structure of the laid concrete.

Classification:

AND). Structurally, depending on the purpose, concrete pumps

subdivided into three main categories :

1) - concrete pump;

2) - stationary trailer concrete pump;

3) - truck-mounted concrete pump with a mixer.

Fig.2. Concrete pumps:

a - stationary trailer concrete pump; b – concrete pump;

in - truck-mounted concrete pump with mixer (ABNS-29).

Truck-mounted concrete pumps is a construction equipment designed to deliver concrete to the place of laying, both in a horizontal and vertical position. The truck-mounted concrete pump is mounted on a truck chassis and consists of a distributing boom, a support system and a concrete pump. Depending on the brand of concrete pump, the length of the concrete pump boom may vary up or down.

Concrete pump truck capacity can reach up to 200 m³/hour, and the concrete supply height is up to 48 meters. Some models of truck-mounted concrete pumps can rotate around a vertical axis or be equipped with mixers for mixing concrete. In general, the functionality of even the simplest concrete pump is enough for laying concrete over fairly large areas.

The operation of the concrete pump can be controlled either from the driver's cab or from a remote control mounted on the vehicle chassis. The operation of the concrete pump can also be controlled using the remote control. Such a remote control can transmit signals via radio or cable connected to a concrete pump truck.

The supply of material from the concrete pump is carried out through a special pipe, which is called a concrete pipeline. The concrete pipeline is securely attached to the distributing boom of the concrete pump, which completely eliminates the loss of material during the process of supply to the place of installation. If the concrete is to be laid in winter time, the concrete pipeline should be insulated or heated with steam.

Stationary concrete pump- special equipment, which is mainly intended for the construction of multi-storey buildings. For a more distant supply of the concrete mix, an arrow (pipe) is installed on the concrete pump. Stationary concrete supply units (concrete pumps) differ in the following technical characteristics: 15 before 85 m³/hour; concrete mix can be delivered up to 150 meters vertically and to 450 meters horizontally. The operation of stationary concrete pumps can be provided by engines running on both diesel fuel and electricity.

They are intended for objects with a small amount of work and are light mobile machines on wheels or skids.

Mobile mixers are used for small volumes of construction and repair and construction works (with a small amount of mixing) at dispersed objects, they are light mobile machines on wheels or skids; and stationary ones are part of the technological lines of concrete mixing plants of medium and high productivity of concrete and mortar plants.

Stationary ones are more powerful, but they do not have an arrow for supplying a concrete mixture.

B). Drive type:

■ crank and connecting rod;

■ hydraulic concrete pumps;

■ pneumatic concrete pumps.

AT). By number of cylinders:

■ single-cylinder;

■ two-cylinder.

G). For mobility:

■ stationary;

■ concrete pumps.

The use of a concrete pump is most effective in the following cases:

Increasing labor productivity in multi-storey construction

on the authority;

Concreting of sites where, for various reasons, it is difficult

supply of concrete;

Concrete work at height;

There are obstacles preventing the entrance of the concrete mixer truck

The technological process of operation of concrete pumps is as follows: concrete flows through concrete pipelines to the place of installation. Distance and height may vary. The speed controller, depending on the characteristics of the concrete and the distance over which the pumping is carried out, automatically sets the operating mode. Air temperature is also taken into account. The concrete is mixed with a reverse system.

The main advantages of concrete pumps: endurance and work stability. Technical characteristics allow the equipment to work in an economical mode. Because equipment can be used all year round, including in winter, a diesel fuel heating system is installed on the concrete pumps. To protect the engine from overheating, an oil-cooling unit is installed.

Servicing concrete pumps is easy. It is enough to use a flushing pump with a water gun.

General arrangement of concrete pumps

Piston type concrete pumps(with mechanical drive). The domestic industry produces piston-type concrete pumps with a capacity of 10, 20 and 40 m 3 / h with a mechanical and hydraulic drive.

Drive from internal combustion engine:

The principle of operation of the concrete pump is as follows: 6 the concrete mixture is subjected to continuous mixing with paddles 5 in order to maintain its uniformity and prevent delamination. From the hopper, the mixture with the help of a stimulator 7 made in the idea of ​​a paddle mixer. Comes through the suction valve 8 into a cylinder 11 pump.

Piston 12 pump reciprocates by means of a crank mechanism, the crankshaft 2 which is driven by the main electric motor of the concrete pump. The movement of the piston is strictly coordinated with the position of the suction 8 and pressure 9 valves: during the suction movement of the piston (Fig. a) valve 8 opens and the valve 9 closes; in the discharge position of the piston (Fig. b) valve 8 closes and the valve 9 opens. Synchronization of the movements of the piston and valves is achieved using a rocker mechanism 1 , which receives a rocking motion from profiled fists on the crankshaft, and two rods 3 and 4 connecting each of the wings with valves. During the suction movement of the piston, the concrete mixture enters the cylinder cavity, and during the discharge movement it is pushed into the pipeline 10 .

Fig.3. Concrete pump with mechanical drive:

a - scheme of work; b- kinematic scheme; І – suction position of the piston; ІІ - discharge position of the piston;

1 - rocker mechanism; 2 – crankshaft KShM; 3 and 4 - traction; 5 - blades; 6 - receiving bunker; 7 - motivator; 8 - ; suction valve; 9 – discharge valve; 10 - pipeline; 11 – pump cylinder; 12 - pump piston.

Electric motor drive :

Concrete pumps are mounted on a welded frame 15, equipped with skis 16 for the possibility of moving the concrete pump over short distances. Receiving hopper 6 is made welded from sheet steel, and its inner surface lined with replaceable armor plates protecting the walls of the bunker from wear. An upper platform is attached to the bunker 20 on which the drive is mounted 3, 4 and 5 mixer shaft 7 and ballast electrical equipment is attached 2 main drive. From this site, the flow of concrete mixture into the bunker is monitored. In the lower transition funnel of the bunker. In close proximity to the suction valve, a shaft is installed 8 motivator. The drive shaft of the stimulator is carried out using a chain drive 21, 27 from the crankshaft 18 .

The working part of the concrete pump consists of a valve box 12 and cylinder 13 in which the piston moves 17 . The inner surface of the valve box is lined ( lining - this is a special finish to ensure that the surfaces are protected from possible mechanical or physical damage) with wear-resistant steel replaceable bushings, and the cylinder with a sleeve.

Fig.4. Concrete pump:

1 – main electric motor; 2 - starting control equipment of the main drive;

3 ; 4 and 5 – mixer shaft drive; 6 - receiving bunker; 7 - mixer; 8 – exciter shaft; 9 - suction valve; 10 - discharge valve; 11 - ; 12 – valve box; 13 - cylinder; 14 - rubber tip; 15 – welded frame; 16 - skiing; 17 - piston; 18 - crankshaft; 19 - thrust; 2 0 - upper platform; 21 and 27 - chain transmission; 22 and 23 – profiled fists; 24 and 25 - backstage; 26 - connecting rod.

Cylinder liner wears relatively quickly

Fig.5. Details of the concrete pipeline:

a - a set of links; 1 - straight link length 3 m; 2 - straight link length 1.5 m; 3 - straight link length 0.9 m; 4 - a straight link with a length of 0.6 m; 5 - a straight link with a length of 0.3 m; 6 - knee at an angle of 90 °; 7 – knee at an angle of 45°; 8 – elbow at an angle of 22°30"; 9 – elbow at an angle of 11°15";

b - lever lock connecting the links of the concrete pipeline; 1 and 5 - links of concrete pipeline; 2 - rotary lever; 3 - traction; 4 - collar;

in - needle valve; 1 - lid; 2 - needles; 3 - needle holder.

Pneumatic concrete blowers. Are intended for movement of portions of concrete on pipes by means of compressed air.

Fig.6. Pneumatic Concrete Pump:

a - general form; b- scheme of the device; 1 - pipeline; 2 - guide cone;

3 - funnel; 4 - conical shutter; 5 - storage tank; 6 - nozzles.

The delivery distance is within 150 m.

Concrete pump with hydraulic drive. Partially eliminates the shortcomings of the mechanical drive. They consist of 2 two working cylinders 4 equipped with two slide gates - vertical 7 and horizontal 6 . The movement of the pistons of the working cylinders and sliding gates is reported by oil-driven cylinders 5 and 3 .

Fig.7. Hydraulic driven concrete pump:

a - general form; b - the scheme of movements of the auxiliary boom with a concrete pipeline; in – circuit diagram concrete pump operation; 1 - ; 2 – booster bunker; 3 and 5 – oil-driven cylinders; 4 – two flow cylinders;; 6 – horizontal slide gate; 7 - vertical slide gate.

The principle of operation of such a concrete pump can be seen in Fig. in . The right working cylinder sucks the mixture from the receiving hopper, while the left working cylinder squeezes it into the concrete pipeline. 1 (position І ). When the pistons reach their extreme positions, a signal is sent to the control system to change the direction of movement of the pistons and sliding gates. In this case, the horizontal shutter opens the access of the mixture from the hopper to the left cylinder and closes its flow to the right cylinder. The vertical shutter opens the mixture inlet to the concrete pipeline from the right cylinder and closes the left cylinder (position ІІ ). Then the cycle is repeated, and the concrete mixture moves in a continuous flow through the concrete pipeline.

Concrete pumps with a hydraulic drive, compared to a mechanical drive, have fewer structural components and are therefore more reliable in operation. Their working pistons move at a constant speed and do not create large inertial loads, unlike the crank mechanism. The performance of hydraulically driven concrete pumps can be regulated over a wide range, and an increase in pressure above the set limit is excluded by hydraulic system safety devices. The delivery range of such gasoline pumps is greater than that of mechanically driven concrete pumps.

Concrete pumps with hydraulic drive are completed with an articulated boom from several links 8 carrying a concrete pipeline. The boom is mounted on a turntable 9 mounted on the frame of the concrete pump and can rotate around a vertical axis. By changing the angle of inclination between the links by hydraulic cylinders, the boom head with the end link of the concrete pipeline is moved to the desired position (Fig. b ). By this, under certain conditions, it is possible to supply concrete to the place of laying without installing a concrete conduit.

Structurally, depending on the purpose, concrete pumps are divided into three main categories :

1) – concrete pump;

2) - stationary trailer concrete pump;

3) - concrete pump with mixer.

1) - concrete pump truck- mobile construction equipment installed on the basis of a truck. The equipment works according to the following principle: by means of a distributing boom, the concrete mixture is fed from the concrete mixer to the place of its direct laying. If necessary, the boom is built up with an additional concrete pipe. The type of truck chassis is possible from two to five axles, the outreach of the distribution boom depends on the design of the installation and ranges from 16,1 before 57 meters.

Fig.8. Autoconcrete pump.

With increasing requirements for the pace and quality of construction and installation work, engineers developed mobile construction equipment. In the environment of concrete pumping equipment, concrete pumps were designed - concrete pumps installed on a car chassis.

The main difference between concrete pumps and stationary concrete pumps is their mobility.

Truck-mounted concrete pumps are designed to supply freshly prepared concrete mixture in horizontal and vertical directions by a distribution boom to the place of laying at construction sites. The use of concrete pumps significantly reduces the construction time of buildings and structures, improves the quality of construction, and improves working conditions.

The truck-mounted concrete pump, as well as its stationary counterpart, can operate in all weather conditions with a capacity of up to 150 m 3 /h ac, deliver concrete to a height of up to 70 meters and before 200 Metro in horizontally.

Fig.9. Appearance of automobile concrete pumps.

Truck-mounted concrete pumps are equipped with a cushioning system that minimizes vibrations caused by hydraulics. Modern automobile concrete pumps are equipped with an electronic system for monitoring the quality of the supplied concrete, and the distribution of the load on the boom is also regulated, which reduces the amplitude of the structure's vibrations.

A big plus of the truck-mounted concrete pump, which made it possible to intensively use this type of equipment in the construction of the Shelter facility over the destroyed reactor Chernobyl nuclear power plant, is its mobility. This made it possible to start concreting the walls of the Sarcophagus remotely (at a distance) and to organize the entire technological process of concreting in a short time.

Fig. 10. Scheme of operation of an automobile concrete pipeline

concrete pump (three-section boom)

The use of truck-mounted concrete pumps in the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident made it possible to significantly reduce the time of work, reduce the need for labor and reduce costs.

The need for remote concreting during the construction of the Sarcophagus

The construction of the Shelter, according to the original design, provided for the complete isolation (burial) of all premises belonging to the 4th unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. But after analyzing the radiation conditions at the work sites (inside the premises and on the territory of the Chernobyl NPP), as well as examining the building structures of the building, it was possible to simplify the design of the Shelter.

When erecting the walls of the Shelter object, the following concreting procedure was provided. Armoblocks were delivered to nuclear power plants in ready-made. On the site with the most favorable radiation situation, they were assembled into a block formwork.

The assembled block was delivered to the location of the wall, and after the installation of concrete conduits and the installation of concrete pumps, the concrete mixture was laid into it.

Fig. 11. Scheme of the location of concrete pumps at

construction of a cascading wall of the Shelter object.

During the construction of some of the outer concrete walls of the Shelter, armored blocks were mounted on railway platforms. The number of platforms was determined by the length of the wall. For the longest wall, it took 14 platforms, workplace for the assembly of armored blocks of which was determined in the area ABK-1, i.e. on distance 500-600 m from the site of the wall. At the same time, the existing railway track was used to place the platforms and deliver the formwork to the location of the wall.

The greatest difficulty was the construction of a cascade wall with a height of 5,75 m in axes 43-51 along the row YU. Then the space between this wall and the block was concreted. B to the top of the wall. On the formed step, as close as possible to the collapse, formwork was installed: reinforced blocks with a height of 12 m, for the second wall, for which concrete was also laid, as a result, a second step was formed - a tier of a cascade wall with a total height 17,55 Metro in. Similarly to the first and second tiers, the third was erected (total height 29,75 m) and fourth (total height 41.00 m) tiers. The scheme for erecting a cascading wall is shown in the figure. When erecting walls inside the premises, the armored blocks were installed in place separately. In some cases, the formwork was mounted directly at the place where the walls were erected.

The supply of concrete to the reinforced concrete blocks was carried out using mobile and stationary concrete pumps, which made it possible to carry the concrete mix receivers to a distance 150-200 Metro in from the places of installation of armored blocks. Concrete pumps used include Worthington, Schwing, Putzmeister, BN-80-20.

According to the containment project developed by VNIPIET, during the construction of the Shelter, it was necessary to lay more 300 000 m 3 concrete. At the same time, more than 7 thousand tons metal structures. Work began at the end of May 1986 and was completed in November 1986.

Concrete pump device.

Fig.12. Concrete pump truck:

1 - gripping hook; 2 – signal indicators; 3 – lubrication system; 4 –

fixing the end position of the telescopic device in front; 5 – left support control unit; 6 – water pump, drain cock; 7 8 – the switch of a sound signal (klaxon); 9 – agitator control panel; 10 – panel of the control unit; 11 – water pump control panel; 12 – control unit; 13 – concrete pump control unit; 14 – mast control unit; 15 – the fixing device of transport provision behind; 16 – right support control unit; 17 – locking device for the end position of the telescopic device from the front.

Fig. 13. Concrete pump truck CIFA K48XRZ

concrete pump truck CIFA K48 XRZ mounted on a 4-axle chassis, equipped with a 5-section distributing boom B5RZ 48/44 with concrete pipeline diameter 125 mm with RZ-shaped opening kinematics, X-shaped retractable outriggers, which speeds up the installation of the concrete pump and simplifies its placement in narrow areas. The boom is equipped with a system bfc(quick-detachable fastening of the concrete pipeline), and proportional control Boom opening allows the operator to independently control the opening of the sections.

Main characteristics:

Compact and handy design, designed to be mounted on a four-axle chassis.

Rear folding and front folding with telescopic extension support.

Independent frame with anti-torsion protection.

Hydraulically operated outriggers on both sides of the machine.

Five-section expanding boom B5RZ 47/43 diameter 125 mm with mixed Z-shaped and untwisting opening kinematics.

Proportional boom control allows the operator to independently control section opening.

Concrete supply regulator.

Possibility of installing a pumping unit of the series HPG-IF with closed hydraulic circuit: excellent performance, high pressure and concrete flow, easy to maintain.

Safety device on opening inspection hatch.

Pump Series" F8"high performance: smooth, continuous flow of concrete combined with ease of maintenance.

The need to maintain a high pace of construction has become the main engine for the active mechanization of all possible technological processes. The use of special construction equipment, which minimizes the need for the participation of workers, is the basis of successful and efficient modern construction. One of the effective tools to speed up production process became a concrete pump.

In most cases, stationary units are used, which have proven themselves to be highly efficient and reliable special equipment. High-rise buildings, bridges, tunnels with its help can be built in a relatively short time: the solution can be supplied at a rate in the range of 20-70 m 3 /h.

A feature of the operation of this type of equipment can be called the fact that in the process of pumping the mixture for the concrete pump is practically not exposed to external influences, which allows it to work, including with foam concrete, for which this technical point is of fundamental importance.

Design features and types of fuel pumps

The stationary concrete pump is standardly equipped with a diesel engine, which is equipped with an automatic speed controller and a preheating system, which greatly facilitates starting the engine in the cold season. The most popular today are two-piston models, during which the reciprocating movement of piston systems is performed to perform pumping of the solution.

Also on the site you can often find a diaphragm pump, the operation of which is based on the use of a rubber diaphragm. Due to its movement, the internal volume of the working chamber changes. The only problematic point in using this category of special equipment may be that these automobile concrete pumps should not work with mixtures in which there are large inclusions due to the rapid wear of the membrane. In this regard, all working solutions must be filtered through a special sieve.

In addition, electric concrete pumps can be used, as well as individual models designed specifically for maximum intensive conditions operation. Under the condition of pumping mixtures over short distances, hose or perylstatic units are mainly used, which compare favorably in that they are able to work without interruptions.

The technical characteristics of this type of concrete pumps allow them to lift the solution to a height of up to 30 m. They become the optimal solution when working with lean solutions, as well as mixtures with gravel filler. Among the special advantages of this design, it is worth noting enough simple design mechanism and minimum flow energy during work.

Standard design of concrete pump

Main structural elements automobile or stationary concrete pump are

• receiving bunker,
• betonovod,
• double acting hydraulic actuator
• cylinders.

The unit's cylinders are driven by a hydraulic cylinder system. The whole structure is mounted on a reliable and durable body frame assembled on a mobile chassis.

Due to the presence of a powerful drive, special equipment manages to maintain sufficiently high pressure indicators inside the system (70-240 bar). This parameter can be quickly corrected by adjusting the amplitude of piston movement. At the same time, high-class special equipment is characterized by a fairly smooth ride and good adjustment. As a result, manufacturers are able to significantly reduce the wear rate of parts of stationary or automobile concrete trucks.

Despite the fact that, regardless of the mobility of the equipment, each of the models has wheels for transportation, with the difference that stationary models only allow them to be moved around the construction site, they are transported by trucks for long distances. In order to ensure complete immobility of the unit during its operation, special stoppers are used to fix the equipment. Most brands of special equipment are characterized by an orientation towards the maximum possible technical characteristics of concrete pumps , which will allow the equipment to work with almost any mixtures.

The principle of operation of piston and pistonless equipment

piston concrete pump

• Starting mix for concrete pump pumped through the system (it is a powder, which is pumped in dissolved form through the pipeline of the unit). This is necessary in order to prevent any blockages and problems with the passage in the process of supplying the solution.
• The mixture for the concrete pump enters the bunker . The first piston acts on the flow of the solution, which allows the finished mass to be pushed out by the stroke of the second. The piston has a very rigid connection with all moving parts of the drive.
• The movement of the piston from side to side is carried out due to the variable supply of oil to the rod and piston cavities. In direct proportion to this, the direction of the flow of the solution also changes.
• In the process of suction of concrete, the discharge opening is closed with the help of one of the elements of the slide gate, when the injection process takes place, the outlet is blocked by the second element of the system.

Pistonless concrete pump

Stationary and concrete pumps of this type include a housing with a rotor placed inside, on which pressure pushing rollers are fixed, covered with rubber around the entire perimeter. The concrete mixture moves through the system due to the impact on the hose of the compressing rollers during the rotation of the rotor. As a result, a uniform and uninterrupted supply of concrete to the place of its pouring is ensured, but with a relatively low productivity.

The optimal use for such equipment is the use at sites with small volumes of work (especially in those situations where, due to frequent reinforcement, the use of other types of concrete pumps is significantly difficult). A fundamental feature that should be taken into account when choosing this type of special equipment is the fairly rapid wear of the hose under the action of the filler.

The main principle of choice: the technique must be reliable and simple

Practice shows that automobile concrete pumps fail much more often in comparison with stationary models. Their main problem is the rubber sleeve, which is subject to fairly rapid wear.

Repair of such a unit will have to be done on average 2-3 times more often, although it cannot be said that with Stationary concrete pumps do not have problem nodes: they experience quite serious piston wear under the action of laitance.

As for ease of use, quite often the main selection criterion is the performance of equipment on the principle of the more the better. But in fact, it is important to observe the line of the "golden mean" in this parameter. A feature of working with concrete mixtures, both manually and mechanized, is that there is a certain volume of mortar that can be taken by workers per unit of time. Therefore, you should not overpay for the super-productivity of equipment if it is not in demand.

As for the peculiarities of using concrete pumps at various facilities, it can be noted that from the point of view of ease of use, mobility and high technical characteristics of concrete pumps are important. , for example, if you have to fill the foundation for a 1-2-storey house, do monolithic ceiling or columns. But the construction of a building with a higher number of storeys is possible only with the use of a stationary concrete pump ( although it is best to use both options in this case if possible).