Rhythmic gymnastics presentation. Presentation "Rhythmic gymnastics" in social studies - project, report Choreographic training in rhythmic gymnastics presentation

Artistic gymnastics
Sports
gymnastics is a kind of sport,
including competition
on gymnastic apparatus,
in floor exercise and in
vault jumping.
modern program
gymnastic all-around: for
women - on uneven bars,
balance beam, vault, free
exercise; for men - in free
exercises, vaulting, on horseback,
rings, parallel bars and
crossbar.

History of Artistic Gymnastics

International Gymnastics Federation

Uneven bars

Log

Vault (women)

Floor exercise (women)

Floor exercise (men)

Vault (men)

Horseback exercises

Ring exercises

Parallel bars

Crossbar

Rhythmic gymnastics

The history of rhythmic gymnastics

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Rhythmic gymnastics Performed by GP Vinogradova, physical education teacher of the Ostrovskaya secondary school.

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Russia is the birthplace of rhythmic gymnastics. This is our gift to the Olympic movement. As for the British - football, for the Canadians - hockey, so for Russia, rhythmic gymnastics is a matter of national pride. When representatives of more than fifty states come out on the carpet of the World Cup, we can be proud - they are children of the Russian idea.

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Rhythmic gymnastics is a harmonious combination of art and sport. It makes the world around us softer, warmer, more affectionate. People need it as a symbol of beauty, and it is our duty to preserve this beauty. Looking at young, charming, graceful girls - gymnasts, you understand: they, their friends - the gene pool of the nation. As long as they exist, Russia will also exist.

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Rhythmic gymnastics is not only about agility, strength and endurance. Thanks to the connection with music and choreography inherited from ballet, it requires athletes to have a sense of rhythm and musicality, develops fine coordination and expressiveness of movements, and contributes to the aesthetic education of gymnasts.

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It absorbed the previously existing "aesthetic gymnastics", where the expressiveness of the human body was predominant, "rhythmic gymnastics", where everything was subordinated to the tempo-rhythm of musical or sound accompaniment, "female gymnastics", where the dance of movements dominated, Isadora's "free plasticity" Duncan.

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Zinaida Verbova with the pupils of her Studio. 1923 year. The term "rhythmic gymnastics" was born in the "Higher School of Artistic Movement", which opened in 1934 at the Leningrad State Institute of Physical Culture. P.F. Lesgaft. She united the efforts of theorists and teachers of the leading studios of plastics and art movement that existed in the 20-30s: the Petrograd Institute of Rhythm (1920), the school of plastics by Zinaida Verbova (1923), the studio of the art movement of Elena Gorlova (1923), the plastic department of the studio "Temas" by Alexandra Semenova-Naipak (1927) and many others.

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"Higher School of Artistic Movement" at the Institute of Physical Culture. P.F. Lesgaft. Leningrad 1935. The first teachers of the Higher School were Elena Nikolaevna Gorlova, Roza Abramovna Varshavskaya, Anastasia Mikhailovna Nevinskaya, Zinaida Davydovna Verbova, Alexandra Mikhailovna Semenova-Naipak. Together with the first students - Anna Nikolaevna Larionova, Yulia Nikolaevna Shishkareva, Tatyana Timofeevna Varakina, Tatyana Petrovna Markova, Lydia Nilovna Kudryashova, Ariadna Richardovna Bashnina, Sofya Vasilyevna Nechayeva, Galina Aleksandrovna Bobrova gymnastics ", which now has its fans in almost 60 countries around the world.

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The leading ballet masters of the Mariinsky Theater helped in many ways to make her beautiful, graceful and attractive. Classical dance at the Higher School was taught by the future People's Artist of the USSR Rostislav Zakharov, character dance - by the outstanding master of character dance Sergei Koren, historical and everyday dance - the future artistic director of the current St. A. Vaganova Nikolay Ivanovsky.

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Rhythmic gymnastics means correspond to the anatomical, physiological and psychological characteristics of the female body. They are available for any age and body constitution. Rhythmic gymnastics is subdivided into basic, applied and rhythmic gymnastics with a sports orientation.

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Basic rhythmic gymnastics is used for the purpose of comprehensive, harmonious physical development, health promotion and improvement of motor functions, posture of those involved. Its means (dances, games to music, exercises without a subject and with objects) are used in kindergartens, general education schools, secondary and higher educational institutions.

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Its main means are: exercises without an object (balance, waves, swinging, jumping, etc.); exercises with objects (hoop, ball, clubs, rope, ribbon); elements of classical dance; elements of folk dances; elements of historical, everyday and modern dances; acrobatic exercises; rhythm (exercises for consistency of movements with music); elements of pantomime;

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The exercises of the classification program are free movement around the site, which includes elements of dance, plasticity, facial expressions, pantomime, movements rhythmically coordinated with music without an object and with objects, as well as some elements of simplified stylized acrobatics (semi-acrobatics) in the forms allowed by the rules of the competition. Thus, the subject of study in rhythmic gymnastics is the art of expressive movement.

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Competitions Rhythmic gymnastics exercises are performed not with apparatus, but with apparatus. Grades are awarded for the execution of exercises with each apparatus, but medals and places are distributed according to the sum of all points scored. The assessment is made according to three criteria - for complexity, artistry and technique of execution. Individual gymnasts perform exercises with 4 out of 5 apparatus of their choice.

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Exercises During the exercise, gymnasts should use the entire area of ​​the mat. Both hands must be involved in the work with the apparatus. The shells must be constantly in motion, otherwise penalty points will be awarded. Exercises should last 57-90 seconds. For each overdue (less or more than the specified interval) second, 0.05 penalty points are awarded. Each gymnast is obliged to finish the exercise so as to touch the apparatus with any part of the body and simultaneously with the end of the music. During the exercise, the coach is prohibited from talking to the athlete, judges or musician.

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Judging Three groups of judges evaluate the different elements of the exercise. The technical jury evaluates the difficulty level. The artistic jury evaluates the composition only from an artistic point of view. The judges monitor the choreography of the performance, the choice of equipment, body movements, originality and skill. They also appreciate the musical accompaniment. The jury assesses the degree of perfection of the apparatus, expressiveness, virtuosity and technical mistakes.

Petrushina Anna

A presentation on the history of rhythmic gymnastics and our famous gymnasts.

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Rhythmic gymnastics Performed by a student of 1 1 "A" class Anna Sergeevna Petrushina

Rhythmic gymnastics is a sport where various gymnastic and dance exercises are performed to music without an apparatus, as well as with an apparatus (rope, hoop, ball, clubs, ribbon). olympic pictogram

Lately, performances without apparatus have not been held in world class competitions. In group performances, either two types of objects are used simultaneously (for example, hoops and balls) or one type (for example, five balls, five pairs of clubs). The winners are determined in the all-around, in individual events and in group exercises.

All exercises are accompanied by musical accompaniment. Previously, they performed with a piano or one instrument. Orchestral phonograms are now used. The choice of music depends on the wishes of the gymnast and the coach. But each exercise should be no more than one and a half minutes. Competitions are held on a gymnastic carpet measuring 13x13 meters. Classic all-around (4 exercises) is an Olympic discipline. In addition to the all-around, gymnasts performing in the individual championship traditionally compete for sets of awards in certain types of exercises (except for the Olympic Games).

Performances are evaluated on a thirty-point system. One of the most spectacular and graceful sports. In the USSR, rhythmic gymnastics as a sport emerged and developed in the 1940s. Since 1984 - an Olympic sport. Until recently, an exclusively female sport, however, from the end of the 20th century, thanks to the efforts of Japanese gymnasts, competitions were also held between men.

Rhythmic gymnastics is a relatively young sport; he owes his appearance to the ballet masters of the renowned Mariinsky Theater. For a short period of its existence, this sport has won worldwide recognition and has numerous fans in all corners of the globe. History

In April 1941, the first championship of Leningrad in rhythmic gymnastics was organized and conducted by graduates and teachers of the school. In the 40s, the development of rhythmic gymnastics, as well as of all Soviet sports, practically stopped due to the Great Patriotic War. In 1948, the first USSR championship in rhythmic gymnastics was held. In 1945 - the All-Union Section of Rhythmic Gymnastics was created, which was transformed in 1963 into the Federation of the USSR. In the late 1940s, a classification program and competition rules were developed. And then the development of this sport proceeded with extraordinary speed, encompassing an increasing number of young participants.

Summing up, it was found that gymnasts not only from Europe took part, and then it was decided to consider these competitions the first world championship, and its winner - Muscovite Lyudmila Savinkova - the first world champion in rhythmic gymnastics. In Budapest, the competitions were held according to the rules adopted in the USSR, but only according to an arbitrary program.

Olympic history 1980 was a turning point for rhythmic gymnastics, after the end of the Olympic Games in Moscow, at the IOC Congress it was decided to include this sport in the program of the Olympic Games. The Olympic history of rhythmic gymnastics begins in 1984, when Canadian Laurie Fang won the first Olympic gold in Los Angeles. Four years later, Marina Lobach became the Olympic champion in Seoul, Alexandra Timoshenko won in Barcelona, ​​Ekaterina Serebryanskaya in Atlanta, Yulia Barsukova in Sydney, Alina Kabaeva in Athens, and Evgenia Kanaeva in Beijing. Since the Olympic Games in Atlanta, rhythmic gymnastics has been represented entirely by two sections: individual and group competitions.

Rating system

The performance of the gymnasts is evaluated by three teams of judges: Difficulty (D) is evaluated by two subgroups of judges - D1 (2 judges, evaluate the technique of execution) and D2 (2 judges, evaluate the technique of working with the apparatus). When calculating the score, the arithmetic mean of the teams D1 and D2 is taken into account: (D1 + D2) / 2. Artistry and choreography (A) are evaluated by 4 judges; Execution (E) is evaluated by 4 judges. They apply deductions for mistakes; At any competition, a coordinator judge must work, monitoring the formal side of the performance (for example, the number of objects on the site, exits from the site, etc.). The final grade is calculated using the formula: Grade = (D1 + D2) / 2 + A + E

Rhythmic gymnastics in various countries Throughout its existence, several countries have always occupied leading positions in the development of this sport. At the beginning of its appearance on the world stage, it was the USSR, then Bulgaria. In the period from 1960 to 1991, the main competition took place between the gymnasts of these two countries. Moreover, the dominant positions, with the exception of some periods, were occupied by Bulgarian gymnasts. Representatives of other states could really claim only individual silver, and more often bronze medals It is impossible not to note the popularity of this sport in such countries as Spain, Canada, Italy, Japan, France, Israel. It is hardly possible to speak about the existence of their own schools and styles of rhythmic gymnastics in these countries, but some talented athletes, from time to time, manage to squeeze recognized leaders from the pedestal.

Rhythmic gymnastics in Russia Rhythmic gymnastics is considered to be one of the most popular sports in Russia. There is no city or large urban-type settlement where this sport is not practiced. It is not for nothing that at the Summer Olympics, most of the rhythmic gymnastics champions are Russians. Their names are familiar to us and the whole world:

Alina Kabaeva

Yulia Barsukova

Irina Chashchina

Evgeniya Kanaeva

Some Features of Rhythmic Gymnastics Training for younger gymnasts is limited to a few hours a day. Older age - up to fourteen hours a day. The main qualities of a gymnast are willpower, endurance and plasticity. As a rule, already at the age of 14-16, many athletes have to part with gymnastics or switch to sports ballet. Only a few gymnasts continue their sports careers until the age of 20-22. Compared to artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics is a more accessible and safe sport. However, very high demands are placed on the appearance of athletes. More recently, rhythmic gymnastics has begun to transform into aerobics and fitness, so many girls can continue their lives in sports. In sports aerobics and fitness aerobics, most of the participants are former gymnasts.

Judging It should be noted that rhythmic gymnastics, or rather the assessment of the results of performances, is an extremely subjective thing. More than once there have been serious scandals and even disqualifications of judges due to unequal treatment of athletes. One of the most notorious incidents occurred at the European Championship in Zaragoza in 2000 with Elena Vitrichenko. Because of this, questions have repeatedly been raised about changing the refereeing procedure or removing this sport from the Olympic program.

Doping Rhythmic gymnastics has not been spared the problem of doping drugs. They are, of course, not taken to improve endurance or muscle mass. The main problem of gymnasts is being overweight. Therefore, the main drugs used are diuretics (diuretics), which, in turn, are prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).

Rhythmic gymnastics presentation on physical education will help you prepare for the lesson.

"Rhythmic gymnastics" report

Rhythmic gymnastics is quite a spectacular sport. Its essence is in the performance of dance and gymnastic exercises that are performed with objects (ball, hoop, ribbon, jump rope, clubs) or without them.

Today rhythmic gymnastics is recognized as an Olympic sport. Gymnasts have stretching, flexibility, high drive, good coordination and a slender figure. All these qualities are achieved through constant training under the supervision of a trainer.

There is the International Gymnastics Federation, which develops rules, regulations for performances and unites multiple national federations.

The history of the emergence of rhythmic gymnastics

Rhythmic gymnastics is a young sport, it appeared thanks to the Mariinsky Theater: in 1913, the Higher School of the Artistic Movement was opened at the St. P.F. Lesgaft. The school teachers already had experience in teaching rhythmic, aesthetic and dance gymnastics. By combining all the styles into one, the impetus was given to the emergence of rhythmic gymnastics.

The first rhythmic gymnastics championship was held in Leningrad in 1941. When the Great Patriotic War began, the development of sports stopped a little. In 1945, the first rhythmic gymnastics section was created, which was later transformed into the USSR Federation.

In the future, rhythmic gymnastics developed at a breakneck pace, attracting more and more applicants to their ranks. The first championship was held in 1948. A year later, they began to be held annually. Then there was the USSR Cup (since 1965) and all-Union competitions among children (since 1966). Soon, artistic gymnasts began to travel with programs outside the Soviet Union, and this sport was recognized by the International Gymnastics Federation, having received official status.

The first international meeting took place in Sofia in 1960, with Bulgaria - USSR - Czechoslovakia taking part. In 1963, an international competition in rhythmic gymnastics was held in Budapest - the European Cup. After 4 years, a new team type of competition appeared: group exercises. In 1980, rhythmic gymnastics was included in the program of the Olympic Games. Its history began in 1984.

Brief rules of rhythmic gymnastics

• Performances are held either with or without objects. At international competitions, performances are mandatory with the subject.
• The gymnastic program is accompanied by a phonogram.
• Each exercise lasts 75 - 90 seconds on a 13x13 m mat.
• Performances are rated on a 20-point scale.
• The performances are evaluated by 3 panels of judges. Two subgroups evaluate the difficulty of the program (technique), 4 more judges evaluate choreography and artistry. Points are deducted for mistakes. Also, the formal side of the performance is assessed by the coordinating judge.
• Among the objects with which the gymnasts perform are: synthetic or hemp skipping ropes, a synthetic or wooden hoop, a synthetic or rubber ball, a rubber or plastic club, a satin ribbon, a stick.

Today rhythmic gymnastics is the most prestigious international competition held every four years. The first championship held by the European Gymnastics Union took place in 1978.

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