Fire-fighting measures in production

In any production, it is especially important to ensure the safety of each employee. Fire safety is considered one of the main points. This is a very complex set of measures that includes many different measures. To ensure fire safety, its rules must be followed by all employees of the enterprise, without exception. This will help to avoid many accidents, preserve the health and life of people, and prevent severe consequences of fire.

Objectives of the

Even with a fairly strict control of fire safety at enterprises by special services, the statistics of incidents that have occurred there are not at all happy. That is why each manager should pay attention to the implementation of the rules and requirements established by the regulations, remember that this is necessary not to obtain a work permit, but to preserve the life and health of each employee.

In order to provide all employees of an industrial enterprise with proper working conditions, protection of health and life, it is necessary to fulfill several goals and objectives:

approve a service that helps to organize work to ensure fire safety at work;
conduct a detailed briefing for employees so that they learn the rules of fire safety;
comply with fire safety rules;
share responsibilities between employees and the manager;
provide the premises of the enterprise, as well as fire prevention systems.

Safety measures

To ensure the safety of employees at the enterprise, it is proposed to carry out a number of measures:

on each door of the service or warehouse premises, signs should be placed indicating the level of fire hazard;
all fire-prevention systems and installations with automatic control (fire alarms, mechanical doors, water supply systems, etc.) must be maintained in good condition, regularly checked, repaired and replaced as necessary;
Special external fire escapes and roof guards must be inspected by specialists at least twice a year. It is obligatory to draw up an opinion;
in each room there must be information plates in visible places with the number of the rescue service indicated on them;

special clothing and equipment (protective suits, masks, gloves and boots) must be neatly folded or suspended in iron cabinets located in separate rooms;
After each work shift, the premises and equipment must be inspected, checked, cleaned and cleaned. It is necessary to disconnect the devices from the mains (the exception is those that must work as intended around the clock);
it is also necessary to develop and hang up evacuation plans in case of fire in prominent places of each workshop;
it is forbidden to make such changes in the layout of the building, external territory and workshops that make it difficult to evacuate in case of fire, limit the range of operation of alarms and fire extinguishing systems;
it is impossible to dismantle the fire exits provided for in the plan, as well as to eliminate elements that prevent the spread of fire throughout the building (staircases, foyers, corridors, doors and walls);
organize special places for smoking, arrange bins for cigarette butts.

Such measures will ensure safe operation as well as a calm evacuation in case of fire.

Responsible persons

In order to properly organize and carry out fire protection measures, it is necessary to form a special commission responsible for checking technical equipment, fire-fighting systems and fire extinguishing installations. The head of the enterprise must explain to its members their responsibilities, give direction in their activities. Participants of the fire commission in production must either independently or together with specialists from the Ministry of Emergency Situations explain to the rest of the employees (regardless of their position) the fire safety rules.

Also, the head of the enterprise must instruct the fire commission to draw up an evacuation plan in case of fire. To do this, first, in accordance with reality, it is necessary to draw a diagram of the building, identify possible points of ignition, as well as the most convenient and safe ways to evacuate people from a burning building.

In addition to the internal plan, an external one is also drawn up. It indicates the location of buildings, parking lots, a route for the evacuation of vehicles is drawn up. Also, members of the commission are developing ways to remove valuable things from a burning building, and places for storing documents are selected. When everything is confirmed by the head of production, the commission hangs plans throughout the building, next to it attaching instructions containing the duties of workers, fire safety rules, duty schedules, and the number of the fire department.

Specially appointed persons, together with employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, are obliged to conduct briefings on fire safety rules with employees of the enterprise every two years. At the same time, briefings are of different levels and are equally obligatory for all employees. Classes are held, lectures are given on the topic of fire safety in an industrial enterprise and behavior in a fire, various possible situations are worked out in the building itself.

Also, the head of the enterprise approves the position of the person responsible for checking the technical equipment and premises. One inspector is elected for each workshop. His duties include checking the premises, equipment, power grids and electrical appliances for accidents. Also, the selected specialist must observe all fire hazardous works occurring in the department entrusted to him.

Undoubtedly, one of the most important parts of organizational and technical measures is the preparation of an annual plan, as well as the collection of the necessary funds to ensure fire safety. According to it, money is spent, as well as the allocation of part of the finance for the purchase or repair of equipment, conducting briefings and exercises.

The guarantee of lower losses in case of fire is considered to be the correct equipping of premises with fire extinguishing and fire prevention means. In accordance with the requirements established by law, each department must have sound alarm systems that react to smoke, gas fire extinguishers and at least one or two shields with firefighting equipment (axes, sleeves and buckets).

The head of the enterprise must develop and approve fire safety instructions for each room. He should also oversee the implementation of their items. The fire safety commission of the enterprise explains to each employee the requirements set out in the instructions.

Conducting briefing for employees

In order to avoid unnecessary casualties in a fire, establish discipline and prevent severe panic of people, it is necessary to regularly conduct fire safety briefings for each employee, without exception. They come in different levels: introductory, introductory, and targeted.

During them, employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, specialists or persons authorized at the event will highlight the following important topics:

studying the evacuation plan in case of fire, indicating the safest ways and rules of conduct during its implementation;
explanation of the reasons for compliance with fire safety rules;
technical characteristics of substances that are fire hazardous to human life, precautions and their safe use;
rules for storing substances that are easily flammable and burn;
consideration of the characteristics of the operation of equipment and mechanisms at the enterprise, the degree of their fire hazard, guidelines for extinguishing devices;
, distribution of fire exits between parts to prevent crowds during evacuation;
approval of the schedule of duty and scheduled rounds, clarification of responsibilities at the same time. Determination of storage locations for spare keys from emergency exits;
study of elementary fire safety rules.

Training of personnel in these important points significantly reduces the chance of a fire, since the greatest number of fires occurs due to the fault of people. Every six months it is necessary to carry out a planned training evacuation... Such exercises will develop discipline, reduce panic, prevent uncoordinated group actions, and also allow you to remember the fire exit belonging to the unit. In addition to drills and evacuations, specially invited emergency personnel can help recreate the fire conditions. They contribute to the development of all possible situations in the event of a fire.

The doctor also communicates with the staff. The specialist tells how to properly provide first aid to a victim in a fire. In the course of the lesson, a practical method can be applied: the accepted knowledge is shown on a volunteer or a mannequin, and then it is tried. Such an experience is very useful, since comrades in the department can come to the aid of a colleague much earlier than rescuers or doctors.