Frequency of checking internal fire hydrants for water loss. Checking booster pumps
In order to form data on the coordination of the volumes of water suitable for extinguishing in case of fire, the water supply system is being researched with a comparison of the data obtained with the standards. Accordingly, work on approbation of a water supply system firefighting device for water return is carried out in advance before the approval of the document on acceptance, delivery or at the end of the execution renovation works... In the same order, the approbation of the water supply system is carried out on the basic principles of the inventory of fire units and elements once every six months.
The establishment of approbation determines that the original water supply must be examined in the presence of a special commission.
This commission includes:
- general person from construction company;
- subcontractor from the installation company;
- the customer himself.
Water loss is determined based on the study of the baseline water supply and inspection of fire pumps. This is revealed in the approbation of the functionality of the cranes, checking the booster pumps and valves. Each pipe is pressure tested for tightness.
When testing the fire water supply system and checking the pumps of the booster, such indicators as are found out:
- compliance of pipe scales and elevation marks with the characteristics fixed in the approved design materials. Among other things, it is necessary to indicate the characteristic of the water;
- introduction of costs, which perform a high function in the study of a fire water supply system for water return;
- calculation of pressure. The classical value of an arbitrary pressure in the intake unit, located further than the others and staying on the highest shelf, must be equal to 2-3 meters of the height of the water flow;
- calculating the smallest leak and different variations leaks by the dimensions of the pipeline.
The study of the water supply system undoubtedly affects the approbation of taps. Accordingly, measurements are carried out at the peak moment of the day according to the dimensions of water consumption. For example, the maximum pressure in the drinking water supply must be 0.45 MPa. During the preparation of studies of the fire water supply system, the pressure fluctuates up to 0.675 MPa.
Roughly, the study and analysis of a functional water supply system and testing of booster pumps is outlined by the lack of penetrations in the pipelines. Proof is considered to be an act, which is confirmed by manometric approbation. The act is established in addition 3 SNiPa 3.05.01-85. Further, all the outcomes of the research done are established. internal water supply and inspection of fire pumps. It is then allowed to transfer it for later use. Companies where there are sources of increased fire hazard are obliged to constantly implement approbations and clearly monitor the state of the internal water supply system.
6.3.1. External fire water supply
6.3.1.1. Each enterprise must be provided with the required amount of water for fire extinguishing (based on the requirements of building codes and other regulatory documents).
Fire-fighting water supply networks must provide the required water flow and pressure according to the norms. In case of insufficient pressure on objects, it is necessary to install pumps that increase the pressure in the network.
6.3.1.2. Responsible for the technical condition of fire hydrants installed on the water supply network of settlements are the relevant services (organizations, institutions) that are in charge of these water supply networks, and on the territory of enterprises - their owners or tenants (according to the lease agreement.
6.3.1.3. Fire hydrants must be in good working order and located in accordance with the requirements of building codes and other regulatory documents in such a way as to ensure unhindered water intake by fire trucks.
Checking the performance of fire hydrants should be carried out by persons who are responsible for their technical condition at least twice a year (in spring and autumn). Manhole covers of underground fire hydrants wells must be cleaned of dirt, ice and snow, insulated during the cold period, and the risers must be free of water.
It is recommended to paint the manhole covers of underground fire hydrants wells red.
6.3.1.4. In case of disconnection of sections water supply network and hydrants or reducing the network pressure below the required one must be reported to the fire department.
6.3.1.5. To monitor the operability of the external fire-fighting water supply network, it is necessary to carry out pressure and water flow tests once a year with the registration of an act. Water supply tests should also be carried out after each repair, reconstruction or connection of new consumers to the water supply network.
6.3.1.6. Fire hydrants and reservoirs must have hard-surfaced entrances. If there are natural or artificial water sources on the territory of the object or near it (within a radius of up to 200 m) - rivers, lakes, pools, cooling towers, etc. - they must be equipped with entrances with platforms (pier) with dimensions of at least 12 x 12 m for the installation of fire trucks and water intake at any time of the year.
6.3.1.7. If it is impossible to directly draw water from a fire reservoir (reservoir), it is necessary to provide receiving (wet) wells with a volume of at least 3 m3, connected to the reservoir (reservoir) by a pipeline with a diameter of at least 0.2 m. place in a separate well a valve with a steering wheel brought out under the hatch cover.
6.3.1.8. The fire-fighting water supply from the reservoirs spent during extinguishing the fire must be restored as soon as possible, but no more than that specified in accordance with SNiP 2.04.02-84 "Water supply. External networks and structures".
At enterprises with water supply networks, the filling of fire reservoirs should be carried out from the existing network with pipelines with a diameter of at least 77 mm with the installation of stop valves on them.
6.3.1.9. Fire tanks (reservoirs) and their equipment must be protected from water freezing.
In winter, for water intake from open water sources, insulated ice holes of at least 0.6 x 0.6 m should be installed, which should be kept in a state that is convenient for use.
6.3.1.10. Maintaining in constant readiness of artificial reservoirs, water intakes, entrances to water sources is assigned: at the enterprise - on its owner (tenant), in settlements - on local government bodies.
6.3.1.11. At the locations of fire hydrants and reservoirs, indicators (volumetric with a lamp or flat with the use of reflective coatings) with applied to them should be installed (those responsible for the installation - based on paragraph 6.3.1.10 of these Rules):
For a fire hydrant - the letter code of the PG, numerical values of the distance in meters from the pointer to the hydrant, the inner diameter of the pipeline in millimeters, indicating the type of water supply network (dead-end or ring);
For fire reservoirs - the letter index of the PV, the digital values of the water supply in cubic meters and the number of fire trucks that can be simultaneously installed at the site near the reservoir.
6.3.1.12. Water towers must be provided with an entrance and adapted for water withdrawal fire equipment in any season. It is not allowed to use the water supply intended for fire extinguishing for domestic and industrial needs.
On the body of the water tower, designations should be applied to indicate the location of the device for the intake of water by fire fighting equipment.
6.3.1.13. It is not allowed to use for household, industrial and other economic needs the fire-fighting water supply, which is stored in tanks, water towers, reservoirs and other capacitive structures.
6.3.2. Internal fire-fighting water supply
6.3.2.1. The need for an internal fire-fighting water supply system, the number of inputs into the building, the water consumption for internal fire extinguishing and the number of jets from fire hydrants are determined based on the requirements of the current building codes.
6.3.2.2. Indoor fire hydrants should be installed in accessible places - near entrances, in lobbies, corridors, aisles, etc. Moreover, their placement should not interfere with the evacuation of people.
6.3.2.3. Each fire hydrant must be equipped with a fire hose of the same diameter and barrel, a button for remote start of fire pumps (if any), and a lever to facilitate opening the valve. The connecting elements of the fire hydrant, hoses and manual fire nozzle must be of the same type.
The fire hose must be kept dry, folded into an "accordion" or double roll, attached to the crane and the barrel, and at least once every six months, unfold and re-fold.
The use of fire hoses for household and other needs not related to fire extinguishing is not allowed.
In explosive and fire-hazardous rooms in the presence of dust, fire hydrants must be equipped with fire nozzles supplying water as a continuous stream or sprayed.
6.3.2.4. Fire hydrants should be located in built-in or hinged cabinets with openings for ventilation and adapted for sealing and visual inspection without opening them.
When making cabinets, it is recommended to provide a place in them for storing two fire extinguishers. The doors of the cabinets in which the fire extinguishers are located must be marked with appropriate signs in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76 "SSBT. Signal colors and safety signs".
The method of installing the fire hydrant should ensure the convenience of turning the valve and connecting the hose. The direction of the axis of the outlet of the fire hydrant should exclude a sharp crease of the fire hose at the point of its connection.
6.3.2.5. On the door of fire cabinets from the outside, after the letter index "PC", the sequence number of the crane and the telephone number for calling the fire department must be indicated.
The external design of the door must comply with the requirements of the applicable standards.
6.3.2.6. Fire hydrants at least once every six months are subject to maintenance and performance testing by running water with registration of the test results in a special maintenance log.
Fire hydrants must always be in good working order and available for use.
6.3.2.7. Devices installed in buildings with an increased number of floors in accordance with the requirements of building codes (external nozzles from attachable heads, gate valves, check valves) for connecting hoses of fire engines and supplying water from them to the internal fire-fighting water supply network must be kept in constant readiness for use in the event necessity.
6.3.2.8. In unheated rooms in winter, water from the internal fire-fighting water supply must be drained. In this case, the cranes must have inscriptions (plates) about the location and the procedure for opening the corresponding valve or starting the pump. It is necessary to familiarize all workers in the room with the procedure for opening the valve or starting the pump.
If there are three or more fire hydrants in an unheated room (building) on the dry-pipe network of the internal fire-fighting water supply system, an electrically operated gate valve must be installed in an insulated place at the input. Its opening and pump start-up should be carried out remotely from the start buttons installed inside the fire hydrant lockers.
6.3.3. Pumping stations
6.3.3.1. The pumping station should be hung out general scheme fire-fighting water supply and pump piping diagram. Each gate valve and fire pump-booster should provide information on their purpose. The order of switching on the booster pumps should be determined by the instructions.
The premises of the pumping stations must be heated, they are not allowed to store foreign objects and equipment.
Pipelines and pumps should be painted in the appropriate color in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76 "Occupational safety standards. Signal colors and safety signs", GOST 14202-69 "Pipelines of industrial enterprises. Identification coloring. Warning signs and marking plates.
6.3.3.2. The premises of the pumping stations of the fire-fighting water supply system of settlements must have a direct telephone connection with the fire brigade.
6.3.3.4. Electrified valves should be checked at least twice a year, and fire pumps should be checked monthly and kept in constant operational readiness.
At least once a month, the reliability of the transfer of fire pumps from the main to the backup power supply (including from diesel units) should be checked with the registration of the results in the log.
6.3.3.5. Accommodation shut-off valves on the suction and pressure pipelines of fire pumps must ensure the possibility of replacing or repairing any pump, check valve, shut-off valves without interrupting the water supply to the external fire-fighting water supply network.
6.3.3.6. At the entrance to the pumping station, the inscription (board) "Fire pumping station"with lighting at night.
6.3.3.7. If the pumping station does not have permanent personnel on duty, then the room should be locked with a lock, and the key storage location should be indicated by an inscription on the door.
