Saint Blessed Great Prince Alexander Nevsky - in Shima Alexy. Saint Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky

The name "Alexander" comes from the ancient Greek words "Alex" - to defend and "Andros" - a husband, a man, that is, "the defender of people." Holy Alexandra of the early ages of Christianity is mostly martyrs who suffered for the confession of Christ. About many of them, except name, history has kept very miser information. The first Russian saints with the name Alexander is considered to be Prince Alexander Nevsky. He was not just an outstanding politician and one of the largest state leaders of a turning point in the history of Russia, but also the "heavenly intercessor" of the Russian land, as they called him in Russia. He became a nationwide holy, patron saint of St. Petersburg and the Russian Empire. The name of the holy prince Alexander Nevsky worn three Russian pious emperors and commander-christian A.V. Suvorov. In the sleeps of Saints Russian Orthodox church Alexander Svirsky, Alexander Vologda, Alexander Oshevensky, Alexander Vochochensky included. The prayers of these inkoms, according to the Word of St. Dimitri Rostov, the Lord contains this world. Orthodox people with the name Alexander, who left their glorious footprint in the history of Russia, told in this book.

Saint Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky

Prince-Warrior

Alexander Nevsky, Saint Blessed Prince (in the ancestry), was born on May 30, 1220 in the city of Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. His father, Yaroslav, "Prince meek, gracious and human-loving," was the youngest son of Vsevolod III a large nest, brother of St. Burovazy Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich. Mother, Feodosia Igorevna, Ryazan Princess, was the third spouse Yaroslav. Alexander's elder brother was the Holy Pravdor Prince Feodor, who was prescribed to the Lord at the age of 15.

The princely tonsure of Alexander's expert (the rite of dedication to the warriors) performed in the Savior-Preobrazhensky Cathedral of Pereyaslavl-Zalessky Saint Simon, Bishop Suzdalsky, one of the compilers of Kiev-Pechersk. From the gracious Starta-Hierarch received Saint Alexander the first blessing to the urgency in the name of God, to protect the Russian Church and Russian Earth.

In 1227, Prince Yaroslav at the request of Novgorod residents was sent by Brother, the Grand Duke of Vladimir Yuri, to prince in Novgorod the Great. He took with him the sons of Feodor and Alexander. The Novgorod residents dissatisfied with Vladimir Princes were invited to the reign of St. Michael Chernigovsky, and in February 1229, Yaroslav with sons went to Pereyaslavl. The case ended in the world: in 1230, Yaroslav with his sons returned to Novgorod, and the daughter of St. Michael, Feoduodul, was engaged to the Holy Feodor, the elder brother of St. Alexander. After the death of the bridegroom in 1233, the young Princess went to the monastery and became famous in the monota feat as Rev. Euphrosinia Suzdal.

FROM early years Alexander was accompanied by Father's campaigns. In 1235, he was a participant in the battle on the Emayigi River (in the current Estonia), where the troops of Yaroslav Nepolov defeated the Germans. In 1236, Yaroslav leaves for Kiev, "putting" his 16-year-old son Alexander to pronounce in Novgorod. In 1239, Alexander entered into marriage, taking the daughter of Polotsk Prince Bryachland into his wife. Some historians argue that the princess in baptism was TezoMenitis to his holy spouse and wore the name Alexander. Prince Yaroslav blessed them at the wedding holy miraculous icon Feodorovskaya God's Mother (In Baptism, Yaroslav received the name of the Feodor). This icon was constantly later with Holy Alexandra as his prayer image, and then in memory of him was taken from the Gorodetsky Monastery, where he died, his brother, Vasily Yaroslavich Kostromsky, and was transferred to Kostroma.

The most difficult time began in Russia's history: from the east, the Mongolian hordes were destroyed, destroying everything in its path, the German knightly hordes were made from the West, blasphemously called themselves, with the blessings of the Roman Pope, "Crusaders", the carriers of the Cross of the Lord. In this terrible hour, the fishery of God is erected to rescue Russia's Holy Prince Alexander - the great warrior-prayer room, the devotee and the builder of the Russian land. "There would be no reign without God's command." Using the invasion of Batya, the defeat of Russian cities, confusion and grief of the people, the death of his best sons and leaders, the hordes of the crusaders invaded the limits of Russia. The first were Swedes. "King of the Roman faith from the midnight country," Sweden, gathered a great army in 1240 and sent to the Neva under the command of his son-in-law, the Yarla (that is, the prince) of Birger. The proud Swede sent to Novgorod to Saint Alexander Ramotov: "If you can, resist, - I'm already here and captive your land."

Saint Alexander, who was not then another 20 years, was prayed for a long time in the temple of the Sofia, the wisdom of God. And, remembering Psalm Davidov, said: "Sudi, Lord, who offend me and drop me, having struggling with me, accept weapons and a shield, to help me." The bishop of Spiri Don blessed the Holy Prince and his military to Bran. Coming out of the temple, Alexander strengthened the squad fulfilled by faith in words: "God is not in force, but in the truth. Other - with weapons, other - on the horses, and we will call our Lord's name of our god! They laid and fell, we were restrained and firmly. " With a small squad, Using to the Holy Trinity, the prince hurried to the enemies - wait for the heads from his father who did not know about the attack of enemies, there was no time.

But there was a wonderful omen: the warrior of Pelgsi (in the Holy Baptism of Philip) saw in the Saint Baptism of Philip) at the dawn on July 15, Floy Floating by Sea, and on it, Boris and Gleb's Holy Martyrs and Gleb's Clothes. And Boris said: "Brother Gleb, he was rowed, let him help his affiniety to his Alexander." When Pelgui reported on the vision of the arrived prince, Saint Alexander commanded for a piety, not to talk about the miracle, and he himself, hedgered, courageously led with a prayer for the Swedes. "And there was a Great Sword with Latinians, and interrupted their countless many, and the leader himself laid the seal on his face with an acute spear." The Angel of God invisibly helped the Orthodox mind: when the morning came, on the other side of the Izhora River, where Russian warriors could not pass, there were a lot of enemies interrupted. For this victory on the Neva River, obsessed July 15, 1240, the people called Saint Alexander Nevsky.

German knights remained a dangerous enemy. In 1241, the Duke Alexander returned the ancient Russian fortress Koporye, driving the knights. But in 1242, the Germans managed to capture Pskov. The enemies praised "subordinate to themselves the entire Slavic people." Saint Alexander, speaking in a winter campaign, freed Pskov, this ancient house of the Holy Trinity, and in the spring of 1242 gave the Teutonic Order of a decisive battle. On April 5, 1242, both troops agreed on the ice on Ice. Hands up to the sky, Saint Alexander prayed: "Sudi me, God, and judge with my people with the people, well, and help me, God, like the army of Moses for Amalik and great-grandfather, Yaroslav Mudrom, on the Okyanny Svyatopolka." According to his prayer, the help of God and the root feat of the Crusaders were completely defeated. There was a terrible singer, such a crack was heard from breaking copies and swords, which seemed like the frozen lake moved, and I could not see the ice, for he was covered with blood. Framed by enemies of challenged and sequels of the warriors of Alexandrov, "they like the air, and there was no place to run the enemy." Many prisoners later, then following the Holy Prince, and they were disappeared.

Contemporaries clearly understood the world historical meaning Ice Lamiliarity: the name of Prince Alexander was famous for all Saint Rus, "for all countries to the sea of \u200b\u200bEgyptian and to the mountains of Ararat, on both sides of the Vorajan Sea and to the Great Rome." The Western Limits of the Russian Earth were reliably fenced, it is time to protect Russia from the East. In 1242, Alexander Nevsky with his father, Yaroslav, went to the Horde. Metropolitan Kirill blessed them to a new multi-hard ministry: it was necessary to turn the Tatars from enemies and robbers in respectful allies, I needed the "meekness of the pigeon and the wisdom of the snake."

The sacred mission of the defenders of the Russian Earth, the Lord crowned success, but it took years of work and victims. Prince Yaroslav gave life for this. Having entered into an alliance with Khan Batym, he had to, however, to go in 1246 to distant Mongolia, to the capital of the entire nomadic empire. The position of Batya himself was difficult, he was looking for support from the Russian princes, wanting to secede with his golden orde from farm Mongolia. And there, in turn, did not trust any Bat, nor Russian. Prince Yaroslav was poisoned. He died in the torment, only for 10 days I survived the Holy Martyr Mikhail Chernigov, with whom once hardly had a hard. Wanted by the Father Union with the Golden Horde - necessary then to prevent the new defeat of Russia - continued to fix the Saint Alexander Nevsky. The son of Batya, who accepted Christianity Sartak, who was heading in Horde with Russian affairs, becomes his friend and twin. Promising his support, Saint Alexander gave the opportunity to Baty to make a campaign against Mongolia, become the main force In the whole of the Great Steppe, and on the throne in Mongolia, the leader of Tatars Christians Khan Munca (most of the Tatars-Christians confessed non-traditional).

Not all Russian princes possessed the turns of St. Alexander Nevsky. Many in the fight against the Tatar Igov hoped to help Europe. Negotiations with the Roman dad was Holy Mikhail Chernigovsky, Prince Daniel Galitsky and even Brother Alexander Nevsky, Andrei. But Saint Alexander knew the fate of Constantinople, captured and crushed in 1204 by the Crusaders. And his own experience taught him not to trust the West. Daniel Galitsky per alliance with dad, who did not give him anything, paid to the treason of Orthodoxy - unia with Rome. Saint Alexander did not want this native church. When in 1248, the ambassadors of the Roman dad appeared to choose him, he wrote in response to the loyalty of the Russian Christ Church and the faith of the Seven Ecumenical Councils: "These are all kind of good, and you are not acceptable from you." Catholicism was unacceptable for the Russian Church, the Union meant the refusal of Orthodoxy, the refusal to the source of spiritual life, the refusal of the historical future intended by God, the doomed to spiritual death themselves. In 1252, many Russian cities rebelled against Tatar yoke, supporting Andrei Yaroslavich. The position was very dangerous. Again there was a threat to the very existence of Russia. Saint Alexandra had to go to the Horde again to take away the punitive invasion of the Tatar from the Russian lands. Broken, Andrei fled to Sweden to seek help from those the most robbers who, with the help of God, hung his great brother on the Neva. Saint Alexander became a single great Prince of all Russia: Vladimir, Kiev and Novgorod. Great responsibility to God and the story lay on his shoulders. In 1253, he reflected a new German raid on Pskov, in 1254 he concluded an agreement on the peaceful borders with Norway, in 1256 he went to the Finnish land in 1256, which the chronicler called the "dark campaign": the Russian army went through the polar night, "Ishov's nonprisputable places , I can not see a day or night. " In the darkness of paganism, the Saint Alexander carried the light of the Gospel preaching and orthodox culture. All Pomorie was enlightened and mastered by the Russians.

In 1256, Khan Bati died, and soon his son Sartak was poisoned, twin by Alexander Nevsky. The Holy Prince went to the shed for the third time to confirm the peaceful relations between Russia and Horde with New Khan Burke. Although Batiya successor accepted Islam, he needed union with Orthodox Russia. In 1261, the efforts of St. Alexander and Metropolitan Cyril was established in Saraj, the capital of the Golden Horde, the diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.

The era of the Great Christianization of the Pacific East came, in this there was a prophetically guess Alexander Nevsky's historical vocation of Russia. Holy Prince used any opportunity to exalt the native land and relieved her goddling lot. In 1262, in many cities, Tatar collectors of Dani and recruiters of warriors were interrupted - Baskaki. Waited to Tatar revenge. But the great intercessor of the people again went to the Horde and wisely sent the events in a completely different direction: referring to the uprising of the Russians, Khan Berk stopped sending tribute to Mongolia and proclaimed the Golden Horde with an independent state, making it a barrier for Russia from the East. In this great combination of Russian and Tatar lands and peoples, the future of the multinational Russian state has fastened and fastened to the limits of the Russian Church almost all the heritage of Genghis Khan to the shores of the Pacific Ocean.

This diplomatic trip of St. Alexander Nevsky in Saray was the fourth and last. The future of Russia was saved, his debt was performed before God. But the forces were given all, life was put on the ministry of the Russian Church. On the way back from Horde, Saint Alexander is deadly Zamenogogo. Not reaching Vladimir, in the city, in the monastery, Prince-Delicatnik betrayed his spirit to the Lord on November 14, 1263, completing the Multiple life Path The adoption of Schima's chapter with the name Alexy.

Metropolitan Cyril, spiritual father And the associate in the ministry of the Holy Prince, said in a tombstone: "Know, why my, Yako has already gone up the sun of Suzdal Earth. There will be no more such prince in Russian land. " Holy body suffered him to Vladimir; Nine days lasted the way, and the body remained nonplus. On November 23, when he buried him in the Bogolyubsky of the Nativity of the Virgin Monastery in Vladimir, God was revealed by God "The Miracle Wonder and Memory is worthy." When it was supposed to be the body of St. Alexander in cancer, Economy Sevastian and Metropolitan Kirill wanted to open his hand to put the partific spiritual diploma. Holy Prince, like a lively, reserves his hand and took a diploma from the hands of Metropolitan. "And horrified their horror, and barely retreated from the tomb. Who will not be surprised if he was dead and the body was brought from afar in winter time" Ta to glorified the God of his wretched - the holy warrior-prince Alexander Nevsky.

Soon after the end of the Northern War, July 4, 1723, Peter I commanded to transfer the relics of St. Alexander Nevsky from Vladimir to St. Petersburg, in order to consecrate the new capital, a new abode (Alexander Nevsky Monastery) and the conclusion of the Nesteadt world. To Novgorod, the holy power solemnly carried in her arms, and from Novgorod we were brought to a richly decorated boat. The solemn meeting of the relics occurred on August 30, 1724 in Ust-Izhora, near the place of the Nevsky battle. On the same day, he was consecrated in the name of Holy Alexander Nevsky Upper Temple of the Church of the Annunciation of the Most Holy Theotokos of the Alexander Nevsky Monastery and there was a cancer with relics. In 1725, Archimandrite Gabriel (Buzhinsky) amounted to the service on the day of the relevance, the celebration of St. Alexander Nevsky in it combined with thanksgiving God on the day of the world's conclusion with Sweden. The Maggain of St. Alexander Nevsky in this service lost all the elements of the primacy. Shortly before the transfer of the relevance by the Decree of June 15, 1724, the Synod decided to write the image of Holy Not in the monastic closure, "And in the clothes of the grand mining". The word "Veli Kiye" was added to the Holy title. Under the emperor Petra II, the celebration of August 30 was canceled, and with Empress Anne Ioannovna - restored. In 1790, the relics of St. Alexander Nevsky were postponed from the Blagoveshchensky Temple to the new Holy Trinity Cathedral of the Lavra, where they were until 1922. In May 1920, cancer with saints was opened. The results of the autopsy showed that the relics of St. Alexander Nevsky really were in cancer, burned during a fire in the Christmas Cathedral of Vladimir in 1491. The events of 1491 testified the entry on the paper of the time found in the cancer along with the relics. After the examination of cancer was sealed. Since 1922, the relics were in the Foundations of the Museum of History of Religion and Atheism, and Cancer - in the State Hermitage. In May 1988, the relics of St. Alexander Nevsky were transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church and on June 3, 1989 were postponed to the Holy Trinity Cathedral of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

Already soon after the death of Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky by Russian national consciousness outstanding historical role He was comprehended in the agiographically stylized biography of Prince - "Tale of the Life of Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky." The initial edition of the story was drawn up, in the 1980s of the XIII century in the Vladimir Monastery of the Nativity of the Virgin, the unknown monk on the blessing of the Metropolitan of Kiev Kirill II and the will of the Grand Prince Vladimir Dimitri Alexandrovich - Son Alexander Nevsky.

The preparation of "stories" suggests that already at this time in the Christmas monastery there were local reverence of St. Alexander Nevsky; In 1380, it was gained by its relics. The general terrain glorification of St. Alexander Nevsky was committed with Metropolitan Makaria at the Moscow Cathedral of 1547. The service of the Moscow Metropolitan of Makaria Vladimirsky Metropolitan Makaria, Mikhail, was drawn up to the Cathedral glorification for the blessing of the Moscow Metropolitan Monastery. At the same time, it was written "The Word of the Pravashny Great Great Prince Alexander, and Nevsky is referred to as the new Chuudthew, in the case and about Chyudesheh it was served."

As stated in the "Word", his author recorded a story about the wonders of St. Alexander Nevsky since the words of the Chinese monastery. In 1550, the "Word" became part of the great mines of Mine Metropolitan Makaria. The life of St. Alexander Nevsky is known in several editions.

Tale of life and about the courage of the glory and grand prince Alexander

In the name of the Lord of our Jesus Christ, the Son of God.

I, pathetic and multi-sized, near mind, dare to describe the lives of Holy Prince Alexander, Son Yaroslavova, Vsevolodova's grandson. Since I heard of my fathers and myself witnessed the mature age, I was glad to tell about the saint, honest, and the glorious life of him. But as the Supil said: "In the evasive soul, the wisdom will not include: for she dwells on the sublime places, in the middle of the horn it is worth the people who stop people." Although I am simple, I will be able, but I'll start, praying to the Holy Virgin and Using the Holy Prince Alexander.

This Prince Alexander was born from the father of the merciful, and human-loving, and most - meek, Prince of Great Yaroslav, and from Mother Feodosia. As Isaiah-prophet said: the Lord says: "I put the princes of Z, sacred for they, and I lead them." And truly - not without God's commandments was the reign of him.

And he was beautiful, like no other, and his voice - like a pipe in the people, his face - as the face of Joseph, whom the Egyptian king put the second king in Egypt, the power of him was part of Samson, and God gave him the wisdom of Solomon, The bravery is the same - like the king of Roman Vespasian, who conquered the whole Earth the Jewish. Once he prepared the one to the siege of the city of Ioatapata, and the citizens came out, and defeated his army. And one Vespasian remained, and turned against him to the city, to the city gate, and laughed at his buddy, and wicked her, saying: "I left me alone." That same and Prince Alexander won, but was invincible.

Somehow one of the famous husbands of Western country, from those who call themselves the servants of God, wanted to see the maturity of his strength, as in ancient times it came to Savona Sava Savsky, wishing to listen to the wise speeches of him. That and this, named Andreas, after the prince of Alexander, returned to his and said: "I passed the countries, nations and did not see such a king among the kings, nor the prince among the princes."

Hearing such prowess of Prince Alexander, the king of the country of Roman from the northern land thought to himself: "I will go and gain the land of Alexandrov." And gathered the great strength, and filled many ships with their shelves, moved with a huge army, dilked with the spirit of the war. And came to the Neva, was intoxicated by madness, and sent his ambassadors, he was ingenected, in Novgorod to Prince Alexander, saying: "If you can, defend, for I already ruin your land."

Alexander, having heard such words, broke out the heart and entered the church of St. Sophia and, falling on his knees before Altar, began to pray with tears: "God is nice, righteous, God, strong, God, the harmony, who created the sky and the land and the limits of peoples , You commanded to live without breaking other people's borders. " And, remembering the word of the Prophet, said: "Sudi, Lord, who offended me and protect me from struggling to me, take a weapon and a shield and stand up for help me."

And, after graduating to prayer, he got up, bowed to the archbishop. The Archbishop was then Spearidon, he blessed him and let him go. The prince, coming out of the church, dried tears and began to encourage his squad, saying: "God is not in force, but in the truth. Recall the songcomer, who said: "Some with a weapon, and others on the horses, we are the name of the Lord God of our call; They, defeated, fell, we stood and stand right. " Having said this, went to the enemies with a little buddy, without waiting for his big troops, but I said to the Holy Trinity. It was too long to hear that his father, prince Great Yaroslav, did not know about the invasion of his son, cute Alexander, and he had once been to send the father to his father, because the enemies were already approaching. Therefore, many Novgorodians did not have time to join, as they hurried the prince to speak. And opposed the enemies on Sunday of the Fifteenth of July, having a great faith to holy martyrs Boris and Gleb.

And there was one husband, the elder of the Earth Izhora, the name of the pelguses, he was entrusted with the night of the guard at the sea. He was baptized and lived among his own, pagans, named the same name to him in the holy baptism of Philip, and he lived in a godly, observing the post on Wednesday and Friday, because he honored his god to see a vision wonderful that day. Tell brief.

Having learned about the strength of the enemy, he went to meet the prince Alexander to tell him about the enemies. He stood on the seashore, watching both paths, and spent all night without sleep. When the sun began to eat, he heard the noise of a strong at sea and saw one nazadoo floating around the sea, and standing in the middle of Nazada holy martyrs of Boris and Gleb in red clothes holding hands on each other's shoulders. The rowers were sitting as if the Mole was dressed. Boris said: "Brother Gleb, he was rowed, let him help the affinition of his prince Alexander." Seeing such a vision and having heard these words of martyrs, Pelgysses stood, treten, until Nazad disappeared from his eyes.

Soon after, Alexander came, and Pelgsia, happily met Prince Alexander, told him one of the vision. The prince also told him: "Do not tell this anyone."

After, Alexander hurried to attack enemies in the sixth hour of the day, and there was a Great Sword with the Romans, and interrupted their prince countless many, and on the face of the King himself left a trace of a sharp spear of his.

They showed themselves six brave, like him, husbands from Alexander shelf.

The first one named Gavrilo Oleksich. He attacked the auger and, having seen the Koroleic, struck under his arms, drove to the ship to the ship at similarity, on which they were running with the Koriuschiy. Then she grabbed Gavrille Oleksich and dropped him from sitting along with her horse. But according to God's mercy, he left the water to be unharmed, and again attacked them, and he fought with the governor himself in the midst of their troops.

The second, named Sbyzlav Yakunovich, Novgorodets. This many times attacked at the city of them and fought with one ax, without having fear in his soul; And many of them fell from the hands of him, and the strength and courage to him were divided.

The third - yakov, who came to the Polokhanin, was a cerebent of Prince. This attacked the regiment with the sword, and praised his prince.

Fourth - Novgorod, named Mesh. This hiking with his buddy attacked the ships and sank three ships.

Fifth - from the youngest squad, named Sava. This burst into a big royal christierechy tent and pillars pole stolen. Shelves of Alexandrov, Werevoshi Falling the Tent, Retained.

Sixth - from servants Alexander A, named Ratmir. This fought in foot, and many enemies have surveyed. He also died from many wounds.

All this heard from Mr. His Grand Duke Alexander and from other who participated at the time in this battle.

It was at that time a miracle wonderful, as in the old days when Jessei-king. When Sennakhirim came, the King Assyrian, in Jerusalem, wanting to conquer the Holy Highel Grad Jerusalem, the angel of the Lord suddenly appeared and interrupted one hundred and eighty-five thousand from the troops of Assyrian, and, in the morning, only dead corpses found. She was and after the victory of Alexandrova: when he won the king, on opposite side The Izhora River, where the shelves of Alexandrov could not pass, here they found a unpelled set of the Angel Lord. The remaining appealed to flight, and the corpses of the dead warriors sketched their ships and sink them into the sea. The prince, Alexander returned to the victory, praise and nod the name of his Creator.

On the second year after returning from the victory of Prince Alexander, they again came from Western country and built a city on Earth Alexandrova. The prince of Alexander soon went and destroyed the city to their foundation, and they themselves hung themselves, they hung others with themselves, and others, praying, let go, because he was immensely merciful.

After the victory of Alexandrova, when he won the king, on the third year, in the winter, he went with the Great Pskov's Earth, because the city of Pskov was already taken by the Germans. And the Germans came to the wisdom of the lake, and met by Alexander, and it was made to battle, and they went against each other, and the lake was covered by the Church of those and other warriors. Alexandra Father, Yaroslav, sent him to the aid of the younger brother Andrei with the Big Friend. Yes, and Prince Alexander had a lot of brave warriors, as in ancient times, David-King, strong and persistent. Ta to and men Alexander were fulfilled the spirit of the rost, because there were hearts of them as the hearts of Lviv, and exclaimed: "Our nice is nice! Nowadays it has come to put your heads for you. " The prince, Alexander, made his hands to the sky and said: "Sudi me, God, judge with my people who are unrighteous and help me, Lord, how in ancient times I helped my sow to overcome Amalik, and the great-grandfather of Our Yaroslav of the Okyanny Svyatopolka."

There was then Saturday, and when the sun climbed, opponents agreed. And there was a cruel, and stood a crack from breaking copies and ringing from the blows of swords, and it seemed that the frozen lake was moved, and I did not see the ice, for it was covered with blood.

And I heard from the eyewitney, who told me that I saw the Spirit of God in the air, who came to the aid of Alexander. And so defeated the eneterns by the help of God, and they turned to flight, Alexander chopped them, chasing, as in the air, and there was no place to hide them. The God of Alexander glorified here by all the shelves, like Joshua Navina in Jericho. And the one who said: "We will capture Alexander," God gave in the hands of Alexander. And never had an enemy worthy of him in battle. And the prince of Alexander returned with Victory, and there were many prisoners in his troops, and he wondered the horses of those who call themselves "God's Knights."

And when the prince was approaching the city of Pskov, then the igumens and priests, and all the people met him in front of the city with crosses, rewarding praise to God and glorifying Mr. Prince Alexander, a song Song: "You, Lord, helped me to defeat the integrenikov and the right prince to our Weapon faith to free the city of Pskov from the foreign language Alexandrova handle. "

And Alexander said: "On ignorant Pskovichi! If you forget it to the great-grandmother of Alexandrov, then you like to the Jews, whom the Lord fell in the desert Manna Heaven and Quail Liver, but they forgotten all this and God of His God, who saved them from the captivity of Egypt. "

And he was famous for his name in all countries, from the sea of \u200b\u200bWormuzhsky and to the mountains of Ararat, and on the other side of the sea of \u200b\u200bVarangi and to the Great Rome.

At the same time, the people of Lithuanian scored the power and began to rob the ownership of Alexandrov. He went and beat them. Once it happened to go to the enemies, and he won the seven regiments in one departure and many of the princes interrupted them, and they captured them in captivity; The servants of him, mocking, tied them to the tails of their horses. And they began to be afraid of his name from that time.

At the same time, there was a strong king in the eastern country, who was conquered by the people of many from the East and to the West. That T king, having heard about such glory and courage Alexander, sent ambassadors to him and said: "Alexander, do you know that God conquered me many nations? What is one you do not want to conquer me? But if you want to keep your land, you come rather to me and see the glory of my kingdom. "

After the death of his father, Prince Alexander came to Vladimir in the strength of great. And there was a grozen arrival, and the message was about him to the mouth of the Volga. And Moavitsky's wives began to suffer their children, saying: "Here is Alexander!"

Decided Prince Alexander to go to the king in the Horde, and blessed his bishop Kirill. And he saw His king Bati, and was amazed, and he said to her nobles: "I was told to me that there was no prince like him." The kidel is worthy of him, he let go Alexander.

After that, the king of Bati in the smaller brother was angry with his Andrei and sent his nurse to the Vultivid to ruin the Suzdal land. After the ruin, the Great Alexander, the Great Alexander erected the Great Alexander, rebuilt the city, rebuilt the city, the people were overclocked in their homes. Isaiah-prophet said about such: "Prince is good in countries, friendly, meek, humble - and the fact about God." Not imparting with wealth, not forgetting the blood of the righteous, orphans and widows truth truth, merciful, kind for their households and is welcome to coming from foreign countries. So God helps, for God does not love angels, but people, in generosity, he generously bestows and shows their mercy in the world.

Filled the god of the land of Alexander wealth and Gov, and extended God's days.

Once, the ambassadors came to him from the Great Rome with such words: "our dad says so:" We heard that you are a decent prince and the glorious and the earth is great. Therefore, sent to you from the twelve cardinals of the two smartests - Agaldad and Hemont to listen to you speech about the law of God. "

Prince Alexander, thinking with his sages, wrote such an answer to him: "From Adam to the Flood, from the Flood before the separation of peoples, from the mixing of peoples before the beginning of Abraham, from Abraham before the passage of Israeli through the sea, from the outcome of Israel's sons to the death of David-King , from the beginning of the reign of Solomon until August and to Christ christ, from the Nativity of Christ to the crucifixion of His and Resurrection, from the Sunday of His and Ascension to Heaven and before the reign of Konstantinova, from the beginning of the reign of Konstantinov to the first cathedral and the seventh - we know about all this, and we do not accept exercises from you. " They returned ravoisi.

And the days of his life were multiplied in the Great Glory, because he loved the priests, and the monks, and the beggars, the Metropolitans and Bishops read and did not listen to them as Christ himself.

It was in those days the violence of the Great from the Innoral, they chased Christians, forcing them to fight on their side. The prince of the great Alexander went to the king to pour his people from this misfortune.

And the son of his Dmitry sent to Western countries, and all the shelves sent their own with him, and his relatives of his household, saying to them: "Serve my son, how myself my life, my life." And the prince of Dmitry went in strength of great, and won the land German, and took God Yuriev, and returned to Novgorod with many prisoners and with the Big miner.

His father, the Grand Duke Alexander, returned from the horde from the king and reached the Nizhny Novgorod, and there Zamemor, and, arriving in the city, was breathing. About grief to you, poor man! How can you describe my grandfather's death! How will the anti-carniets come out with tears! How your heart does not break out with the root! For the father leave a person can, but a good gentleman can not be left; If it were possible, then the coffin would have gone with him.

Lotting a lot of God, he left the realm of the earthly and became a monk, for he had an immense desire to take an angelic image. His god and b aboutsnain the chin accept - schima. And so with the world of God's spirit I betrayed the month of November in the fourteenth day, for the memory of the Holy Apostle Philip.

Metropolitan Kirill said: "My children, know that the sun has already gone to Suzdal's Earth." Jewels and deacons, blackberries, beggars and rich and all people exclaimed: "Already perish!"

The Holy Body of Alexander suffered to the city of Vladimir. Metropolitan, princes and boyars, and all the people, small and big, met him in Bogolyubov with candles and kadilila. People crowded, seeking to touch his holy body on an honest app. They stood a cry, and moan, and cry, what was never there, even the earth shuddered. It was the body of him in the church of the Nativity of the Saint Virgin, in the Great Archmanity, the month of November, on 24 days, for the memory of the Holy Father Amphilochia.

There was also a wonderful and memory worthy. When his holy body was put in the tomb, then Sevastyan-economy and Kirill-Metropolitan wanted to break his hand to invest a spiritual letter. He, as if alive, his hand shifted his hand and took a diploma from the hand of Metropolitan. And the confusion embraced them, and they barely retreated from the tomb. This was announced to all Metropolitan and Economy Sevastyan. Who is not surprised by the miracle, because his body was dead, and they were taken from distant edges in winter.

And so glorified the god of his ashes.

Life of the Holy Prince Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky

Poshalla thunderstorm, subsided the storm, shouted the terrible grundly, took up in the sky dawn, and above the terrain, devastated by the spontaneous intelligence of nature, slowly floats the clear sun ... and it shines on the valleys, filled with water, shines on the blurred pashnya, , it pours warm on trees with broken branches, on the deceased harvest and all disasters brought by rude people ... and shines, the sun shines, climbing higher and higher. All the hotter rays warm him with the land, and under their warmth water absorbed into the soil, the roads born, nailed herb straightens, the rolled leaves are deployed, the Green is even more fun than before, and people are cheerfully accepted for work, and one after another traces of existing disaster disappear. .. And the sun shines everything, everything shines and heats and illuminates sympathetic and joyful people's life.

Such is the impact of those people who appear after the great historical misfortunes and, as a clear sun, warm the disadvantaged people, maintain strength in it for a better future and, dying, leave for themselves the invaluable and fruitful work of the moral sun.

Such radiant luminaries climbed over Russian Earth into the distinguished days of the Blessed Saint Great Prince Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky.

The Grand Duke Alexander was the son of the Grand Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich and was born in Pereyaslav-Zalessky, where at that time his father was a specific prince, on May 30, 1219.

As can be seen from the activities of St. Alexander, he combined a wonderful combination in himself top Qualities His ancestors from the paternal and maternal side.

From the side of the Father, he is then someone Knee Vladimir Monomakh, whom the bright representative was St. Andrei Bogolyubsky. Distinctive family features from this side: wise calcality, in addition, the ability to use the circumstances and the desire for the steady gathering of the Earth around one throne. Prince-owner, Prince-Builder, with a tint of not a clone of noise, is the character of the father of Alexander, Yaroslav, and his grandfathers of his native Vsevolod and the cousin Andrey Bogolyubsky.

From the mother of Mother Alexander - his native grandson of St. Mustlava Brave, he inherited the features of Vitya Kiev time: selfless courage, touching soft-grade, high confidence in people, an endless compassion for the whole suffering, pigeon meekness in the Orlin flight, who does not know the desire for the glory of his native land.

And the combination of these rarely in one person of the rolling qualities was an emergency phenomenon, an extraordinary, which made a strongest beneficial impression on contemporaries and had a happy effect on the course of Russian history.

The guide of God is clear and visible is visible to the guide of God, that at the right times, God sends its chosen, precisely created by circumstances and the requirement of time. Such was Alexander: then the Grozny and victorious leader of the Russians against the northern enemies of the Germans, then the humoring of their heroic soul and dismissed Russia from the Hansky's wrath. And no matter how high military exploits in the glory of the Fatherland, even higher - to humble and humiliate themselves for the good of the Motherland.

Saint Alexander Rose Among the Pious Family; And among the very first, for the whole life of the remaining impressions were the impressions of the Holy Faith. Which sincere piety he was surrounded by childhood, it is seen from the fact that his mother was considered to be sacred; Mother's grandfather, Mstislav removed, and ascending ancestors - Mstislav brave, Rostislav and Mstislav Great - surrounded by the radiance of holiness; Uncle from Father - Konstantin and Georgy - also; The elder brother Feodor is saint. And this is an indispensable for the development of a child with fertile air, Alexander was adjusted among such legends.

The details of its upbringing are not preserved, but it is no doubt that the prince of Alexander grew a serious, thoughtful trap. Avoiding empty fun, he loved reading the sacred books and singing church chants. From the first to recent years He behaved abstained by his life, binding the body by post and harsh works: hunting, driving, shooting. All this hardered him and developed his natural hectares.

The piousness of Alexander has already been expressed since that time he loved to go to the temple and at night alone for a long time to pray before the icons of the Savior and the Mother of God. What is so hot, depriving himself at night rest, he prayed, to whom all earthly benefits were given from the cradle? Or was his desires who had no one to tell, besides God, or already in those years he carried such a great mountain, which he had to pour into hot prayer, so that it did not dry the soul?

Recall that the prince Alexander was 14 years during the invasion of Batya, which he knew about the first collision with the Tatars and that these terrible events were hard for his sensitive soul. And if you think about it, I had to worry a richly gifted, an impressionable boy, who was appointed by the birth of the board, that he was worried when the Motherland captures, "this selfless image will be clear then. In the School of Summer, but the great - disasters of their people - the moral personality of Alexander, and the unfortunate of Russia determined the directions of his life: to give her all the strength of the soul, any heartbeat, all the thoughts. Speaking to serve his native land, he had to be ready not to spare her his life. And not at once, not on the plate under an ax of Tatar crying, not in the Grozny Sich, the battle had to be addressed to him by a young head. Sorrow by native land sucked a drop over the drops of blood from his heart; He put the power of force on the works for his native people, until he had a death weakness on him; Before the deep bottom, he was filled with a complete bowl of humiliation for his relatives Rus and then crushed unfortunately, but not a defeated hero of the prediction and fell asleep with eternal sleep.

From the young age, the blessed prince Alexander was delivered to be rented in the new city. And he devoted the first half of his life to the victorious struggle with the northern enemies of Russia.

These enemies were, perhaps, even more dangerous for Russia than the Tatars. Tatars have encroached on the state, on external force, and those enemies wanted to kidnap us our most faith. Roman dads, seeing the weakening of our land, raised hiking on it, from Sweden, then from Livonia through Livonian knights who tried to subordinate new lands to the Roman dad. The goal of the Swedes or Livonians was to conquer us and turn to Latin heresy.

From the first days of the reign of his in Novgorod, Alexander tried to surround himself by brave people. He himself was accurately created for victories, except for the great prudence gifted by courage, great beauty and a sonorous mighty voice. People with pride and joy admired them and with respect to his speeches, "Greming like a pipe" , says the chronicler.

In 1240, an inclined papier, the Swedish king shrugged a numerous army, put it on the boats and under the boss of the son-in-law of his birger sent to the Neva. Birger thought to reach the Lake Lake and Volkhov to Novgorod and sent to say Alexander: "Ratturns with me if you dare. I'm already standing on your Earth. "

Neither fear, no pride express Alexander ambassadors. He hastily assembled the army, with a burning faith prayed in the church of St. Sophia, accepted the blessing of the archbishop.

"God is hurt, God righteous, God is great and strong," Alexander prayed, - God, the original, creating the sky and the land and put the limits of the tongue and live the tone, not breaking in someone else's part: Sudi, God, who offensing me and drop it with me. We accept weapons and shield, to help my! " Oti Paradise on the threshold of the Temple of Tears of Militia, he betrayed the outcome of the Wheel of God and with a fun face went to the squad. Tor told her a brief, but a great historical word, which was confirmed many times in the life of the Russian people:

- We are a bit, and the enemy is very strong. But God is not in force, but in the truth. Go with your prince!

Without the time to wait for help from the Father, the Grand Duke Yaroslav, Alexander made a goal and came to the bank of the Neva on July 15, 1240. Here I met him with the reports one of the military managers His Pelgus and told him the wonderful phenomenon that he saw at night, waiting for the prince and immersed in prayer on the shore of the Gulf of Finland. It has already begun to light, like a disorder of the sea swept noise. It seemed a big rook, who were sitting by the fun rowers, as it were for a mixture. In the middle of the boats stood in the great radiance in the shorn riza two Vityaz, the first princes-martyrs Boris and Gleb. And Boris's voice rang out: "Brother Gleb, we will help the affinition of his great prince Alexander Yaroslavich on furious Germans."

When the vision is over, Pelgus went from the shore and met Alexander. Prince forbade Pelgus to disclose this vision. Like zipper, he hit the Swedes and a quick, sudden blow led them to confusion. He himself got to Birger and his spear laid the seal on his face.

The Swedes were broken off headlong. Dark night saved their remnants. They loaded, without waiting for the morning, two boats with the bodies of the most significant persons, they buried others into the pit and hastily retired. The main governor, also bishop them, were killed. Our decline was barely noticeable.

Great joy swept over Rus to the news about this defeating the enemy. For victory, Alexander received nickname Nevsky. As this and subsequent victorious battles, where Saint Alexander participated, were an inexpressible consolation for humiliated, distinguished Russia. On the very days of Iga, he argued that the Russian military glory did not kill that the Russian sword was also concerned about Russian land in the north, as in clear days of Mstislavov and Vsevolodov.

Preserved the tale of contemporaries about the Nevsky Battle. The exploits of Russian heroes in it were so amazing that they hardly believed eyewitnesses. The Novgorod said rightly said that the angels of God were fighting with them that the forces of Heaven beat the Swedes.

Meanwhile, Livonian knights broke into the limits of the Pskov land and took the most Pskov. Many Pskovwist rushed to Novgorod, but Alexandra was not there: the displeased Novgorod, he left them in Pereyaslavl, and Lithuania, the Germans, chief began to disturb the lands of Novgorod. Then the archbishop with many boyars went to Alexander and missed him to forgive Novgorod.

With his arrival, everything changed. The army immediately gathered and the fun with Alexander went to the Finnish bay and took the Koporye's fortress supplied by the Germans; Then the Germans were treated from Pskov. Then Alexander entered the Livonia and found a place favorable for the battle on the ice of the Lake Church, even strong (April 5, 1242). The Germans crashed into our ranks, but Alexander, hitting her side, mixed them, broke and destroyed the knights, and sorry chantingly chased to the evening. The corpses of Cui lay on 7 versts, fell 400 knights. The head of the Order with the trepidation was expected to appear Alexander under the walls of Riga and begged the King of Danish for help.

However, Alexander, pleaseing the fear of the Germans, put the sword into the sheath and returned to Pskov. Prisoners German walked with overpented eyes in their knightly clothes for our riders. With the crosses and singing of the church, the clergy came after the Ice Wrought the winner, the people sought to him by crowds, calling her father and the Savior.

Then the favorable world was concluded with the knights.

Soon the Lithuanians seized a turbulence. Alexander came and destroyed them to one. Returning with a small friend, he saw the new crowds of the enemy and scattered them. For several days he won seven victories over the Lithuanians.

But God prepared the highest glory to Alexander - the victory of the spiritual over himself. This great soul was appointed to show the most rare and difficult virtue: to humble himself with infinite humility, to forget the voice of his pride and the price of their humiliation to preserve their homeland.

Before the throne of the Grand Duct moved to Alexander, he had to go on a bow to Bat.

Glory about Alexandra and surprise to him reached remote countries, to us came from a review of one aliens: "I passed many countries, I know the light, people and states, but I saw with amazement and listened to Alexander Novgorod." The experienced people said that they were not met by Alexander the courage and the view: neither in the kings - the king, nor in princes - Prince. His advantages were tested by the fact that he did not sch a position, nor gives outdoor nor mind, but everyone was friendly, everyone was refuge. And over all his virtues, as in the days of youth, allocated pious.

The Russians were proud of Alexander, calling him an independent prince, and talked to them.

I hear a lot about Alexandra, Batoy ordered to tell him: "Prince Novgorod, do you know that God conquered me many nations? Are you alone you're independent? If you want to rule calmly, appear in my tent. "

It was possible to answer the proud to this call and to undergo anger of Batiya and emptying. Alexander loved Russia more than a princely and heroic honor, and deliberately joined the path of self-esteem to save the Motherland, from which he freed him only death.

He went to Batya, who adopted it in Laskovo and said that Solva did not increase his merits. He surprised him with wise speeches, grieving love for his homeland.

From the horde, it was necessary to go further, to Tataria, to Great Hanu. It was a terrible journey. Stretching with the Fatherland for a long time, it was necessary to endure hunger and thirst, resting in the snow or chopped earth. Around one irretrievable dull steppe, destroyed by the bones of travelers. Instead of villages - some cemeteries of the nomadic tribes. And in this irrepresentation of the painful Duma about their humiliation, the distress of the Fatherland, the memory of the Father, who was dead in the same journey in an uneteble steppe ... Han treated Alexander with favor and put him over everything South Russia. By the same time the Embassy of the Pope to Alexander.

Pope sent a letter to Alexander with the conviction to take Catholicism, promising him for the help. Not arrogantly, but firmly answered Pope Prince: "We know the true teaching of the church, and you are not acceptable and not want to know."

Shortly after the solemn return of Alexander in Novgorod, he is dangerous (1251-1252) Zalemog. The whole Russian land with trepidation was waiting for the outcome of the disease and prayed relentlessly for him. He was the hope of Russia. He was made endlessly expensive people and his old unforgettable victories, and now the ability to do with the Tatars, and his compassion. He in every way charitor his distress, sent gold to the war to buy prisoners. God heard a nationwide prayer, Alexander recovered. Soon he was recognized as the Grand Duke.

In general, he drove into Vladimir and began to continue the case of his father: healing the former wounds. When, in 1256, the Swedes, Finns and Germans were on the banks of the Narov River, the alarmed Novgorods sent for Alexander, and he led to the ruins and devastated a significant part of Finland. It was the last Military feat of Alexander.

The battered died, and Alexander was supposed to go to his successor in the Horde, which forever remained wranquen in the vicinity of Volga and Don. Here it was in vain, he asked him to free the northern principalities from the attachment of the tribute to the tribute, just as the southern one was previously charged. Soon, Tatar officials in the field of Suzdal, Ryazan, Murom and the residents were rewritten.

A few months later, Alexander made a new journey to the Horde: now it was dominated by the Lamb Tanny and Novgorod, and the Great Prince was to have a matter of painful for his feelings. Him, famous for the commemoor of Novgorod Volnitsa and honor, was prescribed now to incline proudly, the ardent people who were important to independence. What was worried about Alexander these days, known to God.

In 1259, he arrived in Novgorod with Tatar officials. Residents came to horror. No matter how they persuaded some citizens, the people responded to a formidable cry, the landange killed and chose the other. Young Prince Vasily Alexandrovich left Novgorod to Pskov, announcing that she does not want to obey the father, lucky with his shack and shame for free people. Although Novgorod women and let go of Tatar officials with gifts, they resolutely abandoned Dani.

The great princess was to take decisive measures or to betray Russia a new ruin. There was no choice.

He ordered to grab the withered son and custody to carry him into the Suzdal Earth. Then he stayed in Novgorod, waiting for the course of events. Estimated the news that the Chan's army is already ready to go to Novgorod. The people then agreed to tribute in fear, and Alexander hurried to notify the Tatar about the submission of Novgorod. The Tatar corresponders appeared and the people were so irritated with their impacts that the rebellion broke out. The people again did not want to hear about Dani and gathered around the Sofia Church, declaring what wishes to die for honor and freedom. Finally, Alexander used the last remedy. He left the palace with Tatar officials, declaring that he betrays the rebellious citizens to Anger Khan and forever leaves Novgorod ... It was embarrassed by the people, and Velmazbi took advantage of the minute to persuade him.

I did not have time to come to my senses from these painful events, where his mind and the benefit of Russia made him act against the entry of the heart, as in 1262 there were new terrible troubles in Middle Rus.

Danish collected Tatar collectors, whom the people endured. But then the Tatars began to give tribute to the fellowship of the Museum, Hivints, experienced in trade and profit. These decisions invented a whole network of extortion to increase the young lady. Under the guilty of the payers, they prescribed different installments, but with huge tall, and, in the end, the poor people have confused accounts to such an extent that there was no longer any opportunity to pay. Then they took the debtors, mercilessly beat them on the squares of sticks, disappearing, did they hide their own property somewhere. After having achieved a sense, deceivers were taken by sons, daughters or debtors themselves in slavery and in other people's countries sold them with a great profit.

The most hardworking people have fought off the work hunting. Everyone was afraid for the future - whether his children would be guided. In addition to all these horrors, decemen were excited by hatred even by the fact that they were accompanied by Tatar riders who were robbed at home, insulted women and wilted over the population in every way. The measure of patience was exhausted when the feeling of faith was affected.

Some monk Zosima in 1262 in Yaroslavl, in order to grasphem and Moometanina Tetyam, renounced Christ, joined the Moitanism and began to swear over his previous faith ... could not mascel the people of indignation when pursuing the last treasure, which in all his own He kept the tests undisturbed, - sacred over faith. I boiled the people with a violent, irrepressible anger at the sight of how the "Puffy Decreek" faith pushes the Holy Cross and swears the churches of God. He was grabbed, killed, and the dogs poured his corpse in the city. And in response to this revenge of the people who took the cherished shrine of his own, the people in all cities of the Suzdal and Rostov lands rose. The call bells were touched, rumors went that Alexander himself sent the order to beat the Tatar, and the storm of popular indignation began to grow and grow.

Chronicles with sympathy celebrate these events. The people exterminated some degeneramen, the Khiva otkupechikov. Actually, no one has suffered from the Tatar.

The Russians gave proof that everything has a measure and that, although the defeated, the people do not bother with slavery.

But the terrible payback was supposed to comprehend the land, all did not reconcile with the loss of will. There were rumors that Tatar hordes are ready to break into the Russian limits. It was possible to expect a magnificent beatings, the worst thunderstorm than the invasion of Batya.

What terrible minutes experienced Russian land, there is no words. And here the Grand Duke Alexander spawned his homeland with his last feat.

He was preparing for a trip on the Livonian Germans, but then he instructed the shelves to his son and went to hide his people in the Horde.

It was the crown of his life and his selflessness. Although he was not to blame for the events, he walked in the Horde on the right death, while Khan was already moving the army on Russia. Alexander walked towards that Hanu, he was preserved to leave some independence of Russia, rushing for her humility. He walked with an obvious intention to take over all the irritation of the Khan and die, just to take or soften the thunderstorm for Russia.

About this decisive departure, among the circumstances so terrible, and now, after six, it is impossible to remember without excitement. What was the people who defeated Alexander?

Watching as death, he went to the Horde.

Shortly before the horde came about the beatings of the collectors, Khan Berkay came into rage from the unsuccessful campaign raised by him for Persia, and collected 300 thousand; I also decided to send there and Russian ... Russians had to fight for the Tatars! And here he got the news of the events in Suzdal, Yaroslavl and Rostov.

Khan's anger, it seemed that there was no limits ... He was ready to release 300 thousand to Russia and to completely stupid her. Alexander arrived in these days.

As he prayed to Khan, which he said - it is not known: but he also took the thunderstorm. Russia was saved. Following that, the government accepted a new Khan, and for a long time I had to wait for Alexander in Horde, before the new Han managed to listen to Alexander. The Russian Prince so managed to put the case, which was forgotten, and the Russians were released from the obligation to fight for the Mongols. More than a year, Alexander stayed in Horde and here finished the last drops of that Cup of humiliation, suffering and bitterness, which is hardly when one of the other Russian princes was so deep and so Gorka. But, leaving, he was visiting the mercenary of the deliverance, the beam of the joyful sun in that disadvantaged country, which he could love so much and believed so tightly. Exhausted, exhausted, he hurried with the benefit of merry to the people who languished without him and for him the people ... But those forces that he strained so many years without pity for himself, already changed: Bogatyr was ingenious work, the soul was depleted by eternal suffering. Four trips to the Orda, twenty battles ... The crown is so heavy, the crown of the thorns who killed the chosen one, barely reached 43 years.

In Nizhny, Alexander was dry and had to stop. Then he was lucky. Stood deep autumn. In the city, he is finally Zalemog. Conscious that death is close, he asked for a ride.

Long restrained themselves the surrounding, about which the chronicler says that it would be easier for them to lie down with him to the coffin than to survive him. Finally, buried. Then Krotko told them the prince: "Remove and do not crush the souls of my pity!"

A few minutes later, he again called to himself approximate and all, boyars and ordinary, began to touch the forgiveness ... Then he fell. The tear rolled out of his eyes. He opened his eyes and wished to join the last minute. When it was accomplished, he quietly betrayed the Spirit of God.

Many of the kindes in a quiet, neurotic radiance shine the Russian people from gave his past. Many great events, expensive, elevated, wonderful, accomplished in our land. But between all historical persons, yielding the place to one, the god of Rus to the gift, who was unhappy Igumen Sergius, shines in the first place the beloved Alexander. What could be cleaner and holy of this quiet death in the way after the greatest, never and nobody from the rulers from the rulers? This death was away from those who were saved when the voltage of all the beings just got rid of the death of the whole people, it was provided to him the opportunity to continue to exist, hope was saved to the distant will.

Olga's wisdom is great, an invaluable adhesion of equivalent Vladimir, the hot truth of Mstislava ... But this is a free and non-ferrous martyrdom of the hero, this is the expired heart-sacred heart, who has enraged Russia in the most irreparable days ... This tireless work of all life; This is no longer a ruster faith in his people, in the sacred calling of that Rus, which once from slavery, ashes and blood will rise to the need and glorious! ..

There are feelings for whom there are no words in the language. There are images of incomprehensible strength, which trembles delighted, surprised by him, soul. There are events, the memory of which is accurately expanding this soul as a moutigation - that God helped a person to achieve such moral heights in the life.

This is the warmer of the Russian people, and this is his death.

The end of the prince of the prince Alexander was proclaimed in Vladimir wonderful way.

In the cathedral, Metropolitan Kirill performed and stood at the altar, as in front of him like a living, but illuminated by the internal light, Prince Alexander appeared. As if irresistible angelic wings, a bright vision rose to the sky. The face of the saint expressed a great excitement noted by the above. He understood everything ... Tears seemed to be in old eyes, and, lowering his head, he said: "The Sun of the Russian Earth rolled out!"

People did not understand the terrible meaning of these words ... Finally, a saint with the forces and, holding back sobs, headed loudly: "My sweetheart, know that Alexander's beloved Prince now said."

In horror, the people answered as a strong screaming of despair. From all the breasts broke out: "Dish!"

Vladimir empty. All went to meet the long-awaited great prince. Metropolitan with the clergy stopped in Bogolyubov ... the candles were burning, Fimiam smoked ... The people no longer covered the neighborhood. And he approached everything.

The one that so often delivered his land goes into it with a new deliverance and to never leave ... He is going, allowed from the gravity of life, tortured by an exorbitant feat ... It seemed to be a grand-road stale.

And at the sight of this precursor lying in the coffin, the leader was buried all the people ... Behind the ultimate and coffin - and rushed to the deceased father of the orphan children, so that they still prick and beat them ...

And then became over the people, says the chronicler, the great crying and shouts of grief and longing, what never happened, and shuddered from the screams of these land.

November 23 was the funeral. Crying and moan people drowned church singing. Finally, singers swallowed from sobbing. Prince laid in the Nativity Monastery of the Virgin.

When funeral, a miracle was made: when the crap was put on a permitting prayer, he handed her hand over her and again folded his hands on his chest.

This event assured the people that God will glorify the blessed prince, and marked the beginning of his posthumous reverence.

It was justified at the Grand Duza Dimitri Donskoy in 1380. Then, before the battle with Mama, at night, in the temple, where there was a grave of St. Alexander, the two candles were tanned, two honest elders appeared from the altar, and approaching the coffin, they said: "Oh, Mr. Alexandra, to work and speed up History, great prince Dimitia, hampered by the interchangeable. " And at that time, the blessed prince rebelled out of the coffin and with both elders they became invisible. The phenomenon was reported to Moscow to Metropolitan, and then the holy power acquired. At the Moscow Cathedral of 1547, the Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky in view of multiple miracles ranked saints.

In 1723, the emperor Peter the Great suffered the relics of the beloved prince Alexander from Vladimir to St. Petersburg for the approval of the new capital, based on the shores of that very Neva, where Saint Vitya Slavs Rus with his victories. The procession of the relics continued for more than a year. In Novgorod, cancer was put on the boat, and near St. Petersburg, she took her king on the solemn gallery and became the steering wheel. The relics of the blessed prince rest in the Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, in the precious silver cancer. It is made of the first silver found in the reign of Empress Elizabeth. Near Craki is the Vladimir Icon of Our Lady, who belonged to legend, Saint Alexander; In the sacristy - his grandparent hat.

The poet of Mikov in an excellent poem describes the death councils and the death of the Blessed Grand Duke Alexander. This heartfelt picture combined, it seems that all the sorrows of the soul of the faithful Alexander.

In town in 1263

Night in the yard and frost.

Month - two rainbow bright crowns around him ...

In the sky, as if there is a celebration;

In the inside of the Iguumen spectacle of the sorrow and tears ...

Quietly lamps are prepedient;

Quietly, the igumen is worth it on prayer;

Quiet boyars stand in the corners;

X and realizes lies head to images,

Prince Alexander, black scheme covered ...

Terrible hours are all waiting; No, no hope!

Hears in the cells sometimes only sick nonsense.

Son Lee passes before him, Ile vision of the mysterious chain

He sees - the steppe, infinite, brown steppe ...

Falls disencuting on the outstanding sun.

Sees: Father! Mortal sweat on the chel

All exhausted he and pale and weak ...

She came from the horde, as a dannist, like a slave ...

In the heart, to know, the forces did not have enough resentment to wipe ...

And groaned Alexander: "That to and me die ..."

Quietly lamps Prevent the rest of the rescue ...

Prince motionless in darkness,

in the infertility looks ...

Sees the tent of the road, a zlatkin tent ...

Golden throne on a purple carpet is delivered -

Khan seats the range of thousands of Murz and princes ...

Prince Mikhail before the bid is at the door.

Raised spears over the princely bright chapter ...

Pray the boyars hot prayer ...

"I don't worship the Istukans forever," he says ...

Mig - and is defeated in the dust he lies ...

Top hat and specks his legs ...

Khan Amazed looks from the tent of his ...

Quietly lamps Prevent the rest of the rescue ...

Prince motionless in darkness,

in the infertility looks ...

I dream of Yaroslavlov in Novgorod yard ...

In a noisy crowd and rebellion, and discord ...

Everyone gathered ends and noisy ...

"Everybody will stand for the holy Sophia! - scream. -

Tribute to her carry from the Ugric land to Hanza ...

The Germans and the Swedes are scary there is no thunderstorm ...

You yourself drove us, and - Your Birger

Remembers the leisure on face, tea, spear! ..

Knights - pimamine them dotted ice! ..

The cavalry seems to be fluttered in the sea! ..

Bates, Colith, Take Live

False, cunning, alien genus! ..

Do we backers put

Rob a treasury, the root to drive us?

Zlata and silver mountains in our cellars -

Whether to lie with Khan in the legs!

Bay them, Ruby them, Baskakov Piggy Tatars! .. "

And the river broke out, the fire was excited ...

Prince raised on his bed; The eyes flashed fire

Grozno flashed with all the wrath of high soul,

Shouted: "Hey you, Torgashi!

God sent the evil Mzdu to the whole land.

Are you some not want to submit it to the court?

The hands of the hands are broken on Rus - I do not shook myself,

I only keep them on my shoulders! ..

The burden of carry - so all the world carry!

Smoothly that boron age-old, ride, grow,

Believing in the aspiration of the best times, -

Everything is just in the end of the prteper - saved! .. "

Quietly lamps Prevent the rest of the rescue ...

Prince Mustrally in darkness, it looks in infertility ...

Darkness that the curtain, suddenly spread in front of him ...

He sees: Look, like a gold beam,

Neva Coast, where he broke the enemy ...

Suddenly there is a city there ... the people are sicked by the shore ...

Flags are a color circle of ships ...

Thunder is distributed; The ship seemed away ...

Rights them feeding with open high brow ...

The feed all call the king ...

The coffin from the ship is raised to the temple,

The ringing is distributed, sacred hymns sing ...

The roof was opened ... Tsar says something to the crowd ...

Here - before the coffin, earthly bows are creating ...

Next - all people go to the relics ...

In the coffin - the prince sees - he himself ...

Quietly lamps Prevent the rest of the rescue ...

The prince is still lying ...

As if light over his head, -

A wonderful face littered with red ...

Quietly, the igumen approached him and trembling hand

Heart felt him and man -

And, buried, headed: "Our sun has gone!"

The defeat of the Swedish knightly troops in the battle on the Neva

The battle with the Swedes on the Neva, which took place in 1240, was one of the largest battles in the centuries-old history of our country. A rich literature and in Russian has accumulated about this battle, and in other European languages.

In our historical literature, especially in general and educational writings on the history of feudal Russia, the Nevskaya battle was usually depicted as a random event, as an unexpected attack from the sea, which did not have roots in the previous history of North-West Russia.

Only as a result of an in-depth study of the entire historical material for the previous and subsequent centuries, it was possible to clearly establish the importance of the Nevsky battle during the long struggle of Russia and Sweden. Difficulties immediately staging on the path of study were primarily caused by the extreme limited source base. Sources directly testifying to the Nevsky Battle are preserved only from the Russian side; In Russian, this is a brief news of the Novgorod I chronicles and a more extensive text of the lives of Alexander Nevsky. In Swedish sources, no data has been preserved about this event. And this should not be surprised. In the medieval Sweden until the beginning of the XIV century, there were no major narrative writings on the history of the country of the type of Russian chronicles and the large Western European chronicles.

End of a familiarization fragment.

Saint Blessed Great Prince Alexander Nevsky was born on May 30, 1220 in the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky. His father, Yaroslav, in the baptism of Feodor, was the youngest son of Vsevolod III a big nest. Mother sv. Alexandra, Feodosia Igorevna, Ryazan Princess. In 1227, Prince Yaroslav, at the request of Novgorod, began to pronounce in Novgorod a great. He took with him the sons, Fyodor and Alexander.

The most difficult time began in the history of Russia: Mongolian hordes came from the east, knightly hordes came from the West. In this terrible hour, the fishery of God erected to salvation of Russia of Holy Prince Alexander - the great warrior-prayer room, the devotee and the builder of the Russian land.

Taking advantage of the invasion of Batya, the hordes of the Crusaders invaded the limits of the Fatherland. The first were Swedes. Many ships came to the Neva under the command of the Birgera Yarl. St. Alexander, he was not then 20 years old, prayed for a long time in the church of St. Sophia. Archbishop Spiridon blessed St. Prince and his military on the brand. Coming out of the temple, Alexander strengthened the squad fulfilled by faith in words: "God is not in force, but in the truth. Other - with weapons, others - on the horses, and we call our god of our god!" With a small squad, the prince hurried to the enemies. But there was a wonderful omen: the warrior who stood in the sea donor saw at dawn on July 15, floating in the sea, and on it. Martyrs Boris and Gleb, in the clothes of the crimson. Alexander, encouraged, courageously led with a prayer for the Swedes. "And there was a Great Sword with Latinans, and interrupted their countless many, and the leader himself laid a stall on the face of a sharp spear." For this victory on the River Neva, won July 15, 1240, the people called St. Alexander Nevsky.

German knights remained a dangerous enemy. In 1241 with a lightning hike. Alexander returned the ancient Russian fortress Koporye, driving knights. In 1242, in the winter he freed Pskov, and on April 5, he gave the Teutonic Order of a decisive battle on the Ice of the Church of the Lake. Crusaders were completely defeated. The name of St. Alexandra became famous throughout the Holy Rus.

The western limits of the Russian Earth were reliably fenced, it is time to secure Russia from the east. In 1242 sv. Alexander Nevsky with his father, Yaroslav, drove in the Horde. The sacred mission of the defenders of the Russian Earth, the Lord crowned success, but it took years of work and victims. Prince Yaroslav gave life for this. Wanted by the Father Union with the Golden Horde - necessary then to prevent the new defeat of Russia - continued to fix St. Alexander Nevskiy. Promising his support, St. Alexander gave the opportunity to play a hike against Mongolia, to become the main force in the entire Great Steppe. In 1252, many Russian cities rebelled against Tatar yoke. Again there was a threat to the very existence of Russia. St. Alexander again had to go to the Horde to take away from the Russian lands the punitive invasion of the Tatars. St. Alexander became the one-chased great prince of all of Russia. In 1253, he reflected a new raid on Pskov, in 1254 he concluded an agreement on peaceful boundaries with Norway, in 1256 he went hiking to the Finnish land. In the darkness of the paganism of St. Alexander carried the light of the evangelter sermon and Orthodox culture. All Pomorie was enlightened and mastered by the Russians.

In 1256, Khan Bati died. St. Prince went to the shed for the third time to confirm the peaceful relations between Russia and Horde with New Khan Burke. In 1261 by the efforts of St. Alexander and Metropolitan Kirill was established in Saraj, the capital of the Golden Horde, the diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.

The epoch of the Great Christianization of the Pagan East came, in this there was a prophetic guess of St. Alexander Nevsky Historical vocation of Russia. In 1262, in many cities, Tatar collectors of Dani and recruiters of warriors were interrupted in many cities - Baskets. Waited to Tatar revenge. But the great intercessor of the people again went to the Orda and wisely sent the events in a completely different direction: referring to the uprising of the Russians, Khan Burke stopped sending tribute to Mongolia and proclaimed the Golden Horde with an independent state, making it a barrier of Russia from the East. In this great combination of Russian and Tatar lands and peoples, the future of the multinational Russian state, which included almost all the heritage of Genghis-Khan to the shores of the Pacific Ocean in the limits of the Russian Church to the shores of the Pacific Ocean was ripening.

This diplomatic trip is St. Alexander Nevsky in Saray was the fourth and last. On the way back, without reaching Vladimir, in the city, in the monastery, Prince-devotee betrayed his spirit to the Lord on November 14, 1263, by completing the Mooked Life Path of the adoption of Holy Schima with the name Alexy. Holy body suffered him to Vladimir, the path lasted nine days, and the body remained uncovered. On November 23, when he was buried in the Christmas monastery in Vladimir, God was revealed by God "Miracle and Divisy and Memory worthy."

The rapid relics of the prince were open, in vision, before the Kulikovsky battle in 1380, and then the local celebration was established. Overlooking the glorification of St. Alexander Nevsky was committed with Metropolitan Makaria at the Moscow Cathedral 1547.

On August 30, 1721 Peter I, after a long and exhausting war with the Swedes, concluded Nesteadsky world. This day was decided to be consecrated by the transfer of the relics of the Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky from Vladimir to the New Northern Capital, St. Petersburg. Announced from Vladimir on August 11, 1723, the holy power were brought to Schlisselburg on September 20 and remained there until 1724, when August 30 were installed in the Trinity Cathedral of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, where they reveal and now. The festival was established by the Decree of September 2, 1724, restored in 1730.

The name of the defender of the ruins of Russia and the patron of warriors is known far beyond our homeland. Certificate of this is numerous temples dedicated to Saint Alexander Nevsky. The most famous of them: Patriarch Cathedral in Sofia, Cathedral in Tallinn, Temple in Tbilisi. These temples are the key to the friendship of the Russian people-liberator with fraternal peoples.

Icon Alexander Nevsky is a lively reminder of courage and a feat, when the ruler for the sake of love for Fatherland does not regret his blood. The meaning of his courage and prudence in the history of the formation of the Russian state is huge. What helps the Holy Martyr modern peopleWhat is the meaning and meaning of his feat you will learn in this article.

Alexander Nevsky lived only 42 years old, but for this short time it managed to make such a lot that, perhaps, the one of his life is enough for hundreds in terms of the number of influence on the course of world events.

Icon Alexander Nevsky: Description

On the icon, we often see the bold prince with a sword. Sometimes it is found where he holds a cross and scroll. But mainly in all images, the warrior is depicted in high-rise clothes, sometimes in armor. Many irregularities, where, as applied to the commander, it is depicted on horseback. Such a letter of writing exists relatively recently - Peter I was introduced. Before this faithful prince, according to the tradition, portrayed in monastic clothes, because he accepted a schima with the name of Alexy.

Reached us information about appearance describe it as a bald young man with powerful hands, beautiful person, volitional eyebrows and all its outfice producing a decisive look.

Icon Alexander Nevsky: meaning

Since the adoption of Christianity in Russia and to the present day in the treasury orthodox faith There are a lot of holy intercessors. Alexander Nevsky lived in conditions of territorial rivalry and the strongest religious stress, which is characterized by the era of the formation of Orthodoxy. Holy Rus, the heiress of Byzantium, inherited from her not only faith, but also enemies. Following the fallen Constantinople, the Russian principalities began to attack Latinan, using a tested reception time or capture.

The beloved prince Alexander appears on the icon of the Defender of the Fatherland. In St. Petersburg, on the estimated place of the Nevsky Battle, Peter I founded the monastery in honor of him. Now the desert has become the Holy Lavra, which bears the name and storing the Holy Power of the Defender of the Earth Russian. It is before the battle on the Neva, the young commander said his famous words: "God is not in force, but in the truth. Others - with weapons, other - on the horses, and we will call our Lord of our god! They laid and fell, we were restrained and firmly. " The first major and most famous crossing prince spent when he was not yet 20 years old. The Russians perceived victory as a spiritual: in the unequal ratio of the troops, Alexander won it with the explicit assistance of God.

Unlike Western culture, another enemy future Russia "Mongolian Khanate," respected all religions without exceptions and did not impose her. It was this principle that the principle became decisive: the young, but the talented politician Alexander made Khanate to his ally with the benefit for Russian lands.

The value of the Board of the Blessed Prince is characterized by historians positively, several theses can be distinguished:

• destruction of the Army of the Swedes on the Neva;
• the defeat of the Germans in the ice is afraid;
• protecting the interests of the state in the world arena;
• preservation of the purity of Orthodoxy;
• guidance of a wise order in the country;
• cancellation of Mongol tax in a number of areas.

Westing the holy prince Alexander Nevsky originated immediately after his blissful death, as the people loved and highly appreciated his merit. "Already perish" - exclaimed subjects, having learned about the death of the ruler. Prayer to him as a patron of all the people began after a miracle in front of the Kulikovsky battle, and acquired in 1380 the saints of the cities of the prince of his great-granddae Dmitry Donskoy, the winner of the Tatar-Mongolian yoke.

Alexander Nevsky: What does Icon help?

Orthodox pray before the icon about the acquisition of courage and wisdom, courage and valor, about self-sacrifice for the sake of the highest goal. Alexander Nevsky is the patron saint of all soldiers who wear him an icon under the Head, so that the Saint Communion kept man with his prayers.

Not forgotten about those exploits and during World War II - a glorious name was called the aviation squadron with the inscription on board "Alexander Nevsky." There is a Soviet and Russian military order for special merits, the name of the saint.

The enormous popularity of the blessed prince goes beyond the current Russian state: he is praying for the preservation of its borders and build temples in his honor Orthodox peoples of Serbia, Greece, Georgia. This gives hope for strengthening relations and growth of cooperation. orthodox people worldwide.

Prayer in front of the icon of Alexander Nevsky

Prayer to the Saint Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky about healing

Oh holy belt printed Alexandra! The proud is mercifully at us, the unworthy of God's slaves (names), and the expectation of a quiet and serene, and the eternal kingdom of the procession of your concern to the eternal kingdom of your program, let the Lord of God will save us, the grace in the world, health, grant and every well-being in the rude summer Yes, I confer to Slavim and Bless God in the Trinity of Slavimago, the Father and Son and the Holy Spirit, now and are confronted and forever.

Prayer of the Saint Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky on health

A quick assistant to you all diligently, and our warmly, our forever, the Saint of the Blessed Great Prince Alexandra! The pride is mercifully at us unworthy, many lawlessness caused to themselves, to the race of the power of your currently running out of the depths of the soul of the soul: you are in life, the Jealous and defender of the Orthodox faith was Esi, and we are warm in it warm to God the prayers are unshakable. You carefully passed the great accomplishment of the ministry carefully, and you are your help to stay a coherer, it is intended to have, nasty. You, defeating the shelves of the Sugorant, from the limits of the Russian dismissal of ESI, and on us the devoid of all visible and invisible enemies. You, leaving the raised crown of the kingdom of Earth, chose a silent life, and now, righteously crown with an imperishable crowned, in heaven reigning, creating, and we, humbly molim, the life is quiet and serene, and to the eternal kingdom of God, the steadless gear to us. The same with all the saints of God, pray for all Orthodox Christians, let them retain their Lord God, the grace in the world, health, grant and all kind of well-being in the Rivest Summer, and I dream of Slavimagov and Bless God, in the Trinity of Slavimago, Father and Son and Son and Holy Spirit, now and in the eyelids. Amen.

Icon Alexander Nevsky has important For modernity: it is an example of devotion to beliefs that have formed Russian. It is important to remember what the blessing prince helps, and use it.

- in Shima Alexy

Day of Remembrance:
September 11 (turning) - Cathedral of the Nizhny Novgorod Saints
July 10 (turning) - Cathedrals of the Novgorod and St. Petersburg Saints
June 3 - Cathedral of Karelian Saints
June 5 - Cathedral of Rostov-Yaroslavl Saints
July 6 - Cathedral of Vladimir Saints
September 12 - the transfer of the relics
October 5 - Cathedral of the Tula Saints
December 1 - Cathedral of the Holy Estonian Earth
December 6

Saint Blessed Great Prince Alexander Nevsky was born on May 30, 1220 in the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky. His father, Yaroslav, in the baptism of Feodor, was the youngest son of Vsevolod III a big nest. Mother sv. Alexandra, Feodosia Igorevna, Ryazan Princess. In 1227, Prince Yaroslav, at the request of Novgorod, began to pronounce in Novgorod a great. He took with him the sons, Fyodor and Alexander.

The most difficult time began in the history of Russia: Mongolian hordes came from the east, knightly hordes came from the West. In this terrible hour, the fishery of God erected to salvation of Russia of Holy Prince Alexander - the great warrior-prayer room, the devotee and the builder of the Russian land.

Taking advantage of the invasion of Batya, the hordes of the Crusaders invaded the limits of the Fatherland. The first were Swedes. Many ships came to the Neva under the command of the Birgera Yarl. St. Alexander, he was not then 20 years old, prayed for a long time in the church of St. Sophia. Archbishop Spiridon blessed St. Prince and his military on the brand. Coming out of the temple, Alexander strengthened the squad fulfilled by faith in words: "God is not in force, but in the truth. Other - with weapons, others - on the horses, and we call our god of our god!" With a small squad, the prince hurried to the enemies. But there was a wonderful omen: the warrior who stood in the sea donor saw at dawn on July 15, floating in the sea, and on it. Martyrs Boris and Gleb, in the clothes of the crimson. Alexander, encouraged, courageously led with a prayer for the Swedes. "And there was a Great Sword with Latinans, and interrupted their countless many, and the leader himself laid a stall on the face of a sharp spear." For this victory on the River Neva, won July 15, 1240, the people called St. Alexander Nevsky.

German knights remained a dangerous enemy. In 1241 with a lightning hike. Alexander returned the ancient Russian fortress Koporye, driving knights. In 1242, in the winter he freed Pskov, and on April 5, he gave the Teutonic Order of a decisive battle on the Ice of the Church of the Lake. Crusaders were completely defeated. The name of St. Alexandra became famous throughout the Holy Rus.

The western limits of the Russian Earth were reliably fenced, it is time to secure Russia from the east. In 1242 sv. Alexander Nevsky with his father, Yaroslav, drove in the Horde. The sacred mission of the defenders of the Russian Earth, the Lord crowned success, but it took years of work and victims. Prince Yaroslav gave life for this. Wanted by the Father Union with the Golden Horde - necessary then to prevent the new defeat of Russia - continued to fix St. Alexander Nevskiy. Promising his support, St. Alexander gave the opportunity to play a hike against Mongolia, to become the main force in the entire Great Steppe. In 1252, many Russian cities rebelled against Tatar yoke. Again there was a threat to the very existence of Russia. St. Alexander again had to go to the Horde to take away from the Russian lands the punitive invasion of the Tatars. St. Alexander became the one-chased great prince of all of Russia. In 1253, he reflected a new raid on Pskov, in 1254 he concluded an agreement on peaceful boundaries with Norway, in 1256 he went hiking to the Finnish land. In the darkness of the paganism of St. Alexander carried the light of the evangelter sermon and Orthodox culture. All Pomorie was enlightened and mastered by the Russians.

In 1256, Khan Bati died. St. Prince went to the shed for the third time to confirm the peaceful relations between Russia and Horde with New Khan Burke. In 1261 by the efforts of St. Alexander and Metropolitan Kirill was established in Saraj, the capital of the Golden Horde, the diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.

The epoch of the Great Christianization of the Pagan East came, in this there was a prophetic guess of St. Alexander Nevsky Historical vocation of Russia. In 1262, in many cities, Tatar collectors of Dani and recruiters of warriors were interrupted in many cities - Baskets. Waited to Tatar revenge. But the great intercessor of the people again went to the Orda and wisely sent the events in a completely different direction: referring to the uprising of the Russians, Khan Burke stopped sending tribute to Mongolia and proclaimed the Golden Horde with an independent state, making it a barrier of Russia from the East. In this great combination of Russian and Tatar lands and peoples, the future of the multinational Russian state, which included almost all the legacy of Genghis-Khan almost all the legacy of the Pacific Ocean subsequently within the Russian Church to the shores of the Pacific Ocean.

This diplomatic trip is St. Alexander Nevsky in Saray was the fourth and last. On the way back, without reaching Vladimir, in the city, in the monastery, Prince-devotee betrayed his spirit to the Lord on November 14, 1263, by completing the Mooked Life Path of the adoption of Holy Schima with the name Alexy. Holy body suffered him to Vladimir, the path lasted nine days, and the body remained uncovered. On November 23, when he was buried in the Christmas monastery in Vladimir, God was revealed by God "Miracle and Divisy and Memory worthy."

The rapid relics of the prince were open, in vision, before the Kulikovsky battle in 1380, and then the local celebration was established. Overlooking the glorification of St. Alexander Nevsky was committed with Metropolitan Makaria at the Moscow Cathedral 1547.

On August 30, 1721 Peter I, after a long and exhausting war with the Swedes, concluded Nesteadsky world. This day was decided to be consecrated by the transfer of the relics of the Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky from Vladimir to the New Northern Capital, St. Petersburg. Announced from Vladimir on August 11, 1723, the holy power were brought to Schlisselburg on September 20 and remained there until 1724, when August 30 were installed in the Trinity Cathedral of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, where they reveal and now. The festival was established by the Decree of September 2, 1724, restored in 1730.

The name of the defender of the ruins of Russia and the patron of warriors is known far beyond our homeland. Certificate of this is numerous temples dedicated to Saint Alexander Nevsky. The most famous of them: Patriarch Cathedral in Sofia, Cathedral in Tallinn, Temple in Tbilisi. These temples are the key to the friendship of the Russian people-liberator with fraternal peoples.

Before you Icon Alexander Nevsky. The iconography of Saint Alexander Nevsky is divided into two parts, reflecting his life path. Part of the icons depicts the period from 1221 to 1262 - the time when the blessing prince Alexander Nevsky was a warrior and a great commander, who managed to unite the many land of Russian. On such icons of St. Alexander Nevsky, most often depicts with weapons, in princely clothes. Another part of the icons indicates the end of the life path of Alexander Nevsky - in 1263, Saint accepted Schima with the name Alexey and became a monk. Such. icon of St. Alexander Nevsky Beautiful prince will paint in the monastic robe. Such iconography was characterized by 18th century.

This icon of Alexander Nevsky depicts the first part of the life of the great Russian commander - the time of his ministry of the formation of statehood in Russia, the time of his great tart feats in the glory of the Orthodox faith. The icons of Prince Alexander Nevsky are found in churches and cathedrals throughout Russia - from Transbaikalia to Kaliningrad; For many cities of Russia, including St. Petersburg, he is a heavenly patron.

Alexander Nevsky's holy prince Alexander Nevsky was born in May 1221 in the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky. The father of Alexander Nevsky was Yaroslav Vsevolodovich - the son of Vsevolod is a large nest, the Grand Duke Vladimir, who managed to unite Vladimir, Ryazan and Novgorod lands during his rule. Six years from the family in the Savior Transfiguration Monastery of Pereslavl Alexander and his brother Theodore passes through the princely tonsure, where the bishop of Suzdal Simon devotes them to the warriors and blessings to "taut feats in the name of the Earth of the Russian and Russian Church."

In 1227, Yaroslav Vsevolodovich adopts Novgorod the Great from Prince Vladimir Yuri, and with her sons moved there. But Novgorod, expressing dissatisfaction with the prince of Princes Vladimir and the refusal to abolish them into the lack of one-day 1228 "Zabezheny" - the princely tribute, call Mikhail Chernigovsky, and Saint Alexander Yaroslavich, together with his brother, Feodor and his father return back to Pereslavl. Three years later, the Prince Chernihiv Mikhail goes back to pronounced in Chernihiv, to consolidate relations with Princes Vladimir, having wrapped her daughter Feodulia with the elder brother Alexander Feodor. After that, Novgorods call for the reign of Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, and he puts on the reign in Novgorod the great sons. In 1233, the beloved prince Feodor Yaroslavovich dies at the age of 13.

The first utility feat of the holy blessing prince Alexander Yaroslavich commits in 1234 together with his father's army, when the battle took place on the Omget River, as a result of which the Livonians had died Derpt. In 1236, Yaroslav Vsevolodovich is leaving to pronomize in Kiev, and Alexander becomes the sole full-fledged Novgorod Prince. After three years, Alexander Yaroslavich is married from the daughter of Polotsk Prince Bryachland Alexander. Alexander Nevsky's father blesses the young Icon of the Feodores of the Mother of God (Yaroslav Vsevolodovich to the baptism was the name of the Feodor) with the patronage of weddings and brides with Saint Paraskeva Friday on the turnover of the image. It was this icon of the Periodores of the Mother of God that was constantly accompanied by the Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky as his prayer image.

Prince Saint Alexander Nevsky had a hard time - in the west, the lands of Novgorod threatened the Crusaders: the Livonian Germans approached Pskov, and the Swedes headed by the Birger, headed by Novgorod; In the East, Horde Mongol - Tatars was answered in the East on the same constant threat over Rus. On July 15, 1240, Prince Alexander Nevsky and his small squad, which consisted of the inhabitants of Novgorod the Great and Ladoga, won the first independent victory, the head of the Izhora camp in the Neva of the Yehla Camp in the Neva of the River Birgera. The legend says that at sunrise in front of the fight to one of the warriors from the squad of St. Alexander Yaroslavich, the seabed Pelgia had a vision of the floating majority, in which the holy princes of Boris and Gleb were clouded in the crimsons, hurrying to help the prince Alexander. For courage in battle and a convincing victory in that memorable battle, the young prince Alexander receives the nickname "Nevsky". And in future his victories was lucky the blessed prince, so icon Alexander Nevsky Especially revered by people of military professions and diplomats.

After a brilliant victory over the Swedes, the Holy Plywood Prince Alexander Nevsky had to deal with the Germans, in 1242 he asked and taking Pskov. At first, Alexander Nevsky, together with a friend, frees the fortress Coporye, then the city of Pskov, and already on April 5, 1242, it causes a crushing blow on the Knights of the Livonian Order during the famous Ice Lake on the ice of the Lake. Three years later, Lithuanian knights will try again to win the lands of Novgorod, but the beloved prince Alexander Nevsky his courage and the commander talent turns them into flight, for a long time hesifies from the Western neighbors every desire to attack their lands. The result of Alexander Nevsky's policies on western borders Our possessions are becoming a complete liberation from the Germans of the Latgale's land and accession to their principality - (now the eastern edge of Latvia). At the same time, in September 1246, Mikhail Chernigovsky, in the possessions of the Golden Horde, and poisoned in Karakorum, Alexander Nevsky's father - Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, and the Blessed prince has to fully switch to improving relationship with Mongol Tatars. Before his death, Yaroslav Vsevolodovich bequeathed Alexander Nevsky to conclude a diplomatic union with the Golden Horde, and with this incredibly difficult task of Holy, the bold prince coped brilliantly.

In 1247, Prince Alexander Nevsky and his brother Andrei from Khan Batya from the Lower Volga region went to Mongolia to Great Hanu GUUKU. For two years, it lasted this heavy and dangerous journey. The Great Khan gave into the reign of Andrei Vladimir Land, and St. Alexander Nevsky became Knyaze Kiev and Novgorod.

In 1251, the uncle Batya Munke is becoming Great Khan - and the Saint Alexander Nevsky again has to go to the Horde. At the same time, along with this, the prince of Vladimir Andrei Yaroslavich and Prince Tver Yaroslav led an unsuccessful uprising against the Tatars. Andrei, as a result of the punitive invasion of the Tatars under the command of Nurse, was forced to flee to Sweden, and Yaroslav Tver took the defense in Pskov. The consequence of what the Vladimir-Suzdal lands are transferred to the prince of Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. After that, a new successful stage of war with the Germans and Lithuanians, who lasted 7 years, begins, as a result of which Pomorie becomes Russian and Orthodox.

In 1258, Saint Alexander Nevsky goes to the Golden Horde to New Hanu Berke to show him his respect and confirm the friendly location of the rules of Russian land. After this campaign, the will of the Blessed Prince is finally conquered by the freedom-loving population of Veliky Novgorod, who did not want to fully recognize the strength and will of Alexander Nevsky. In 1261, in the new capital of the Golden Horde - Saraj, the efforts of Metropolitan Cyril and St. Alexander Nevsky, the Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church is established.

After a year, Saint Alexander Nevsky undertakes his last trip to the camp of the Golden Horde. According to the secret instruction of the Blessed Prince in all cities of Russia, Baskaki were interrupted - the Golden-Correctic assemblers of Podachi. But the wise Alexander Yaroslavich personally was able to convince Khan Burke in the impossibility and inappropriateness of the collection of Dani in favor of Mongolia, and prompted to declare the independence of the Golden Horde. In this way, Saint Alexander Nevsky has achieved the emergence of a mighty natural departure from non-crumbling and unfriendly mongols.

In Saraj-Berke, Saint Alexander Nevsky gries. On the way back from the capital of the Golden Horde, the disease is enhanced. On November 14, 1263 in the city, by adopting a schima under the name Alexander, Saint Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky completes his historically great life path. Metropolitan Kirill, announcing the death of Alexander Nevsky in Vladimir, called him "the last sun of Russian land."

In 1724, the Emperor of the Russian Peter first his decree transfers the relics of St. Alexander Nevsky from the Christmas Monastery Vladimir to St. Petersburg Alexander Nevsky Monastery (after 1797 - Lavra). And today, the saint blessing prince Alexander Nevsky is the heavenly patron of St. Petersburg.

Icon Alexander Nevsky and prayer to him help people of military profession and diplomats.