Impulse tubes. Optional Equipment What is Impulse Piping
To obtain gas flows with supersonic and hypersonic speeds, in which the outflow of the working gas occurs from a closed volume - a prechamber. A diaphragm is installed in the subsonic part of the nozzle (see Fig.), Which separates the prechamber from the gas-dynamic channel of the pipe. The prechamber fills up compressed gas, in the remaining elements of the pipe, a vacuum (10-1 Pa) is created. As a result of a powerful electrical discharge of a capacitor bank or an inductive storage in the prechamber, the working gas is heated, its temperature and pressure rise to values T 0 ≈ (3-5) * 10 3 K and p 0 ≈ (2-3) * 10 8 Pa. After that, the diaphragm breaks, and the gas rushes through the nozzle into the working part and further into the vacuum container. The outflow of gas is accompanied by a drop in pressure and temperature in the prechamber both due to gas expansion and due to heat losses in the pipe walls, but in the working section during the operating mode it practically does not change in time and is mainly determined by the ratio of the areas of the outlet and critical sections nozzles. The duration of the operating mode (pulse - hence the name) in I. t. is 50-100 ms, which is sufficient for carrying out various types of aerodynamic tests.
The short time of action of dense high-temperature gas on the pipe elements and the model removes severe restrictions on the materials used for pipe structures and models and instrumentation, eliminates the use of complex cooling systems and thereby greatly simplifies and reduces the cost of experiments.
V I. t. it is possible to obtain very large Reynolds numbers, therefore I. t. allow you to test models aircraft in conditions close to natural ones. However, the unsteadiness of the flow and the contamination of the gas flow by the products of destruction of the electrodes and the walls of the prechamber limit the possibilities I. t.
A. L. Iskra.
Encyclopedia "Aviation". - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia... Svishchev G.G. 1998.
See what a "impulse pipe" is in other dictionaries:
Impulse pipe- wind tunnel for obtaining gas flows with super and hypersonic speeds, in which the outflow of the working gas occurs from the closed volume of the prechamber. A diaphragm is installed in the subsonic part of the nozzle, separating the prechamber from ... ... Encyclopedia of technology
Impulse tube diagram. impulse tube - a wind tunnel for obtaining gas flows with super and hypersonic speeds, in which the outflow of the working gas occurs from a closed volume - the prechamber. In the subsonic part of the nozzle ... ... Encyclopedia "Aviation"
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Auxiliary fittings for pressure measuring instruments include a device such as a Perkins tube, otherwise known as a pressure gauge impulse tube or loop tube. It is meant for reliable protection from possible fluctuations in the measuring medium and from excessive heating. The tube lowers the temperature at the point of contact of the device with the system. In addition, the tube serves as an adapter from the pressure gauge to the pipeline.
Condensate accumulates in the cavity of the impulse tube, preventing the high-temperature medium being measured from entering the middle of the manometer. When putting the line into operation, it is necessary to make sure that there is a coolant in the steel pipe.
The Perkins Loop Tube is used when measuring liquids and gaseous substances that are not strong reagents. In this capacity and as an intermediary between devices and pipelines, impulse pipe is the most cost-effective connection option. The operation of such a tube can extend the life of the measuring device for many years. In the best way connection of this type of fittings to the pipeline system is considered the use of threaded connection... In some cases, the connection is made by welding. Impulse tubes are made from different brands high quality steel. If it becomes necessary to install pressure sensors, copper Perkins tubes are used for their installation.
An angled impulse tube is used to mount a measuring device on it and connect to impulse systems... Sometimes these tubes are made of brass. Straight loop tubes are used in the same cases. General purpose This additional equipment consists in damping oscillations and pulsations in the measured medium and preventing the pressure gauge from heating up.
On the pages of the online store of Soyuzpribor LLC you will find pressure tapping devices, connecting hoses, various adapters for manometers, frames, dampers, bosses and other types of additional equipment.
Connecting sleeve
To create normal temperature conditions diaphragm seal connection with measuring instrument should be carried out either through a connecting hose or through a supply pipe, which is installed by the consumer between the pressure tapping point and the separator.
Pneumatic GSP measuring pressure transducers are always connected to the separator by means of a hose.
A displacement is allowed when mounting a separator with a connecting sleeve in height, while taking into account the installation error of a measuring device with an upper measurement limit of up to 1 MPa, determined by the hydraulic pressure of the separating liquid column in the connecting sleeve.
The standard connecting sleeve, model 55004, is 2.5 meters long when unfolded.
Damping device
The damping device is resistant to ambient temperatures from minus 55 to plus 70 ° C, at a relative humidity of 30 to 80% over the entire temperature range, as well as resistant to a relative humidity of 95% at a temperature of 35 ° C (for version U) and relative humidity up to 100% at a temperature of 35 ° C (for version T).
Valve block
Valve blocks BK are intended for connection to the lines with the measured medium of gauges for measuring gauge and vacuum pressure. The blocks allow you to cut off the devices from the lines without relieving the pressure of the measured medium, check the zero value of the readings of the devices or purge the impulse lines. For oxygen pressure measurement lines, the parts in contact with the measured medium are degreased, and the designation "K" is put.
Adapters and couplings (lugs)
Coupling and adapter for pressure gauges or thermometers are connecting (connecting) fittings used in systems (pipelines) for transporting gaseous media and liquids of low viscosity and non-crystallizing nature. In essence, these products are additional (auxiliary) equipment.
Impulse tubing is used to vent pressure, connect impulse lines to flow and pressure regulators. In addition, this is another of inexpensive options solutions for high temperatures measured medium. Each meter of impulse tube lowers the temperature of the medium by about 80 degrees. Typically steel or copper impulse tubes are used. One end of the impulse tube connected to the pressure source has the most convenient thread for mounting G1 / 2, and the other end connected to the transmitter or regulator has a thread corresponding to the thread of the equipment.
For example: for the convenience of mounting pressure transducers, AQUA-KIP offers an impulse tube (copper) for supplying pressure with threaded internal and external connections of any length. The copper tube can withstand pressures of up to 87 bar and bends easily, which makes it possible without special efforts and an additional tool, lay it in place from the pressure tapping point to the device.
Specifications:
Copper tube: 10x1
Pressure (max): 87 bar (30bar for threaded fittings)
Temperature: -25 + 210 С
Process and device connection thread: G1 / 2, G1 / 4, G3 / 8 (please specify internal or external on request)
The cost is indicated for a 1 meter impulse tube with a G1 / 2 thread.
Length: 1 meter (we accept orders for the manufacture of tubes of any length, to calculate the cost and production time, please contact the company managers)
Teplopribor Group of Companies (GC) (Teplopribor, Prompribor, Teplokontrol, etc.)- these are devices and automation for measuring, monitoring and regulating the parameters of technological processes (flow metering, heat control, heat metering, control of pressure, level, properties and concentration, etc.).
At the manufacturer's price, the products are shipped as own production and our partners - leading factories - manufacturers of instrumentation, control equipment, systems and equipment for control technological processes- APCS (much is available in the warehouse or can be manufactured and shipped as soon as possible).
Looped Perkins tube
Perkins tube is a steel loop impulse tube designed for installation, device protection and pressure tapping of non-aggressive liquids, gases and steam. Perkins tube (loop impulse tube) is used for protection control and measuring device (pressure gauge, sensor) from strong heat- overheating (by cooling the measured medium in a siphon), and for water hammer damping(due to the compensating siphon loop, damping the pulsation of the water hammer). Perkins loop impulse tubes (straight and angled siphon bends) are the most economical option for the protection and connection of pressure measuring instruments on all types of pipelines.
Cost of Perkins Pulse Loop Tube depends on material, design, type of thread, etc.,
for example, the price of the basic version (straight, Steel 20, bottom for welding) - from 295 rubles *
Key Specifications of Perkens Loop Impulse Tubes
Constructive performance:
- direct(for installation in a horizontal pipeline)
- angular(for installation in a vertical pipeline)
corner without shoulder, with shoulder to the side of the loop or away from the loop.
Rated working pressure:
for St. 20 up to 250bar (25MPa),
for 12Х18Н10Т (stainless steel) up to 40MPa.
Maximum working temperature up to 300C.
Diameter: impulse tube 14x2 mm, loops - usually 85 mm (the most common length is 360 mm).
Perkins connections to the process / device:
- internal / external thread W-Z (nut / union)
- internal / internal thread W-W(nut / nut)
- welded / threaded (in / out)
Weld-on design is possible with or without reinforcement.
Thread type: pipe inch G1 / 2 or metric M20x1.5.
Material:
structural steel St.20 (painted or with anti-corrosion galvanic coating up to 20 ° C), steel 09G2S or stainless steel 12X18H10T (up to 450C).
In the case when the temperature of the working medium exceeds 90 0 С, an impulse tube with a loop (siphon design) is used. Thanks to the use of a compensating loop, the devices are protected against pulsations of the measured medium, water hammer and overheating. Depending on the location of the pipeline, choose a straight or angled Perkins design.
Loop impulse (siphon) Perkins tubes are usually made of steel: St. 20, 09G2S, 12X18H10T, 12X1MF, 10X17N13M2T. Connection options to the device: union / nut with various threads - M20x1.5; G1 / 2; NPT1 / 2; K1 / 2; R1 / 2 and others. Process connection options: for welding, reinforcement for welding, union / nut with various threads - M20x1.5; G1 / 2; NPT1 / 2; K1 / 2; R1 / 2 and others.
The effectiveness of the use of a siphon device for controlling steam pressure is provided by the effect of condensation of cooled steam in the bends of the siphon.
Additional Information
Pressure take-off device- this is a mounting element, with the help of which control and measuring instruments and automation equipment are connected to pipelines, gas ducts, air ducts, technological equipment, communications, etc.
The simplest pressure tapping device is the assembly of a siphon impulse tube with a shut-off device (tap, valve or valve).
Auxiliary equipment and protective and assembly fittings for installation, correct operation and protection of pressure control devices (pressure gauges, vacuum gauges, manovacuum meters, relay sensors, transducers, etc.).
Installation and supply fittings for manometers, vacuum gauges and manovacuum gauges:
1. Mounting fittings: selection devices - ОУ: bosses (welded-in adapters), straight and angled bends (including looped Perkens tubes) or impulse pipes (lines) copper and steel.
2. Pressure gauge taps (up to 16 / 25bar) or valves / valve blocks (over 2.5MPa), pressure and safety valves.
3. Gaskets / seals made of copper, fluoroplastic, paranitic, rubber, etc.
4. Adapters M20 / 12 - G1 / 2 / G1 / 4 (external / internal thread), couplings, barrels (material steel, brass, stainless steel).
5. KMCH - set assembly parts(usually: mounting flange (back or front), bracket, bracket, hardware).
6. KPCH - a set of connecting parts (usually: flanges, fittings, nuts-M20x1.5 / G1 / 2, nipples (steel, stainless steel), fasteners, seals).
Safety separating devices:
1. Protective devices: dampers (absorbers of pulsations of hydraulic shocks, skid), coolers (bends-radiators), diaphragm separators RM, capillary lines and connecting sleeves mod-55004.
2. Protective covers. Installation in special insulating fireproof moisture-proof cabinets and covers, the use of special. heaters.
Spare Parts and Accessories - Spare Parts:
1. Indicator of working pressure (arrow-yoke).
2. Liquids for filling the system "Membrane separator device - Connecting sleeve", the type of liquid is selected depending on the temperature and the type of controlled environment (for example, for food production, etc.) ..
3. Spare parts and Accessories - spare parts and accessories (mechanisms, hands, dial / scales, etc.).
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The official website of Teplopribor Group of Companies - production and sale of instrumentation and automation: Pressure control devices (pressure transducers (sensors), relays, pressure gauges, differential pressure gauges, pressure gauges), additional equipment and installation and shut-off valves for them (selection devices, impulse pipes (lines), taps / valves, etc.). See technical description / specifications, price list (wholesale price), catalog, order form (how to choose, order and buy) selected devices, etc. Perkens at the manufacturer's price, check availability in a warehouse in Moscow or production time. Delivery / shipment of TC (Business Lines and others) throughout the territory of the Russian Federation.
Price: from 295 rubles.
Availability in stock: In stock *
* Loop (siphon) Perkins impulse tubes (straight or angled) are available in the warehouse in Moscow only in standard (basic) design; in the absence of available special versions, the planned production period will be 10-15 working days, or inexpensive analogs that are available may be offered.
All prices for loop (siphon) Perkins impulse tubes (straight or angled) are indicated in rubles (see the general price list) without tax (VAT = 18%), additional cost. options and equipment, packaging, shipping and / or delivery costs, based on a bulk order (for large bulk quantities and for project orders, the price is formed individually, based on the volume of the batch, the agreements reached and the address of the object).
ATTENTION! Be careful when choosing a supplier - on Russian market shut-off and control valves and selective pressure devices, there are cheap low-quality loop impulse tubes of Perkins: analogues, fakes and illiquid assets, deprived of proper service, guarantees; therefore, perhaps even having a lower price than the original products.
