Encyclopedia of fire safety

Professions associated with a person artistic image. Professions like: “Man is an artistic image. Professions like "Man - Nature"

: typology E.A. Klimov, which classifies professions according to and the Dutch typology of professions, which connects the type of personality and the type of professional environment chosen by a person.

Typology of professions E.A. Klimov

Klimov identified five objects of labor: , technique, sign, nature. In the first part of the name of the type of profession, the subject of labor is indicated, which is always a person.

Man is man- all professions related to the upbringing, service, training of people, communication with them. This group includes all pedagogical and medical professions, service professions and others.

Man is technology- all professions related to the creation, maintenance and operation of equipment. These are such professions as: design engineer, car mechanic, System Administrator and others.

Human - artistic image - all professions related to the creation, copying, reproduction and study of artistic images. This group includes such professions as: artist, actor, singer, restorer, art critic and others.

Man is nature- all professions related to the study, protection and transformation of nature. This group includes such professions as: veterinarian, gardener, agronomist, ecologist and others.

Man is a sign- all professions related to the creation and use of sign systems (digital, alphabetic, musical). This group includes translators of artistic and technical texts, analysts, financiers and others.

The peculiarity of the application of this classification in our time is that simple professions with one object of labor are becoming a thing of the past and they are being replaced by professions with several objects of labor, or with a complex object of labor. For example, the profession of a landscape designer simultaneously belongs to the type of man-nature and to the type of man-artistic image.

Typology of professions by J. L. Holland

Holland proceeded in his classification from the fact that a person's choice of professional space is an expression of his personality. A person's achievements in one or another type of career depend on the correspondence between the characteristics of the individual and the characteristics of the professional environment.

He singled out six personality types and six types of professional environment.

Name

Personality type

Type of professional environment

Realistic

People who are action oriented, decision making, unemotional, athletic or mechanical, love technique, take risks

Activities related to the manipulation of tools, with technology. As well as most of the "male" professions.

Research

people oriented to cognitive activity who love to observe, analyze, explore, decide.

Research work. Experts in various fields, analytics.

Artistic

People who are focused on self-expression and the attention of others, creative, expressive, original, prone to non-conformity, have rich intuition and imagination, are informal.

The sphere of art, professions associated with attracting attention, presenting something.

Social

People who are focused on communication, on relationships with other people, vulnerable, sensitive, prone to altruism, do not like systematic activity, love the collective nature of work, and have communication skills.

Most professions aimed at working with people are social activities.

Entrepreneurial

People who are ambitious, impact-oriented, create and implement own ideas, management, search for solutions, high social activity.

Business, politics, lawyer services, etc.

Conventional

People focused on the systematization and reproduction of information, data manipulation. Little emotional, accurate, punctual, pedantic, executive.

Work on systematization of storage and reproduction of any information. A job that requires a lot of perseverance and precision. Work in areas such as accounting, finance, archives, libraries, etc.

There are certain patterns of combination of personality type and environment type

Personality type

Medium type

Realistic

Research

Artistic

Social

Entrepreneurial

Conventional

  • "+" - favorable
  • "++" - very favorable
  • "-" - not favorable
  • "- -" - very unfavorable

2.1 Characteristics of professions such as "a person is an artistic image" and requirements for the individual characteristics of a specialist

Of course, very generalized characteristics of a person as a subject of activity in different types professions. In order to understand the specifics of professions of this type, I think it is necessary to consider some of the most common professions - an analysis of the requirements that apply to the personality of a specialist mastering the profession "man - artistic image", everything typical, as a rule, does not coincide in everything with a particular specific case , and in some part may contradict it.

Artist - designer (designer). The main task of the designer is to satisfy the needs of a person (customer) in harmony with the subject environment by designing the aesthetic properties of industrial products.

Required qualities: analysis and synthesis, spatial thinking and design abilities, creativity, artistic abilities (composition, harmony, proportions, sense of color), communication and verbal abilities, flexibility of thinking, independence, responsibility, realism, resourcefulness.

At the design stage, it should be taken into account that things are produced in thousands and even thousands of copies. Designer error, like design engineer error, is correspondingly multiplied and thus very costly. That is why the designer must combine, to a certain extent, opposite qualities. On the one hand, a bold flight of fancy, open-mindedness, looseness of thought. On the other hand, a high sense of responsibility, discipline of the mind, the ability to take into account the real conditions of production as much as possible.

The creative process of an artist-constructor begins with thinking options future product. It is important to collect information about existing similar products and critically review and discuss them. An employee with a broad outlook will successfully solve the problem. Good specialist always concerned with collecting data in his field. Therefore, he is ready to solve an unexpected task.

The designer must be able to take into account economic and technological considerations. For example, original shape a product conceived by a designer may be unprofitable from an economist's point of view or difficult to implement from a technologist's point of view.

A person who has devoted himself to the service of technical aesthetics must be interested in the fine arts and be an artist himself. He also needs to know technology, natural and social sciences, draw well, have skillful hands. He must orient himself in the cultural heritage of his own and other peoples. Not every artistically and technically trained person will successfully cope with his duties as a designer, but only those who relate to the world of things as a transformer.

Painter (on porcelain painting). There are several methods of painting on porcelain, one of which is hand painting.

The artist must find especially subtle and delicate relationships of color with white in the applied paints and the same tone transitions from one color to another. In addition, the master must constantly keep in his mind the conceived color composition, because it is finally formed only after the porcelain (faience) is fired under glaze in a kiln. He must be able, by superimposing color, to see another in it - and this is in all the compositional complexity of the plot being performed. Painting with created gold in itself did not cause difficulties, but required to find the correct ratio of gold and paints on porcelain

Drawings can be complex and varied: these are landscapes, plots, literary portraits, characters, fabulous images, stylized images of the plant and artistic world, ornaments.

The master painter is fluent in the techniques of painting and graphic works, methods of copying drawings at various scales, engraving techniques on gold and silver, and techniques for independently developing the details of drawings.

Before starting work, the painter must imagine the drawing in his mind, mentally decompose it into parts, outline the sequence of coloring its details. And performing each operation, he sees in his imagination the drawing already finished.

Artist - illustrator. The content of the activity: the task of the illustrator is to adequately and colorfully express the thoughts of the author of a literary work, articles in the media with vivid artistic images. The type of work depends on the order: it can illustrate books, magazines, newspapers, etc.

Must know: painting, drawing, graphics, art theory, literary creativity, special artistic disciplines, techniques and technologies of work, etc.

Must be able to: Choose an appropriate drawing technique (from simple pencil to computer graphics). Plan your work. Use sophisticated techniques: aquatin, etching..., computer programs(for example, to develop a layout for a future work). Behind a short time perform the necessary sketches in several versions. Present sketches and finished work, portfolio. Express your unique style. Work in a team of artists. Should have: its own pronounced author's style (with individual work). Dominant Interests: Fine Arts, Literature Entrepreneurial activity. Advertising. Photo

Necessary qualities that ensure success in the profession: Imaginative thinking. Fantasy. High level development of general abilities (analysis, synthesis, logic, verbal abilities, verbal-logical thinking). Observation. developed imagination. The ability to express their thoughts-images in the picture. color sensitivity. High level of special artistic ability. Purposefulness. Responsibility. Organizational skills. Good coordination, fine motor skills of fingers. Medical restrictions: Allergy to working materials, book dust

Retoucher. The illustrations printed in the book almost always have a quality loss compared to the original. The task of the team working on the printing reproduction of the original is to make these losses minimal.

The task of the retoucher is to ensure that, in the end, a printing plate can be created. An imprint (imprint) from it, of course, will differ from the original, but for a person’s vision, this difference will be acceptable.

There are two types of retouching: technical (correction) and artistic. Technical retouching consists in removing scratches, dark or light spots or dots, coarse graininess, etc. on the publishing original (the material from which the printing plate will be made).

The role of artistic retouching is much broader. With its help, the plot-graphic elements of the illustration are emphasized. Their forms and spatial relations are specified, shortcomings in the gradation of tones and colors are eliminated. Such work is available only to those who are fluent in drawing, feel the tonal relationships of colors well and know how to use them.

All operations that a retoucher has to perform require active mental activity and a good memory. He must remember and take into account the various factors that determine the choice of technique and method of retouching, compare them, analyze and accept necessary solutions. The specificity of his work is that the retoucher must constantly keep in mind the visual image that he seeks to embody.

The process of reproduction (typographic reproduction) of images is based on a deep understanding of the original. The retoucher perceives in the original what is sometimes hidden for the average viewer. To do this, he must be observant. For a deep aesthetic evaluation of a work, it also needs a developed sense of color and form.

The work of a retoucher is associated with great mental stress: throughout the entire working day, he has to analyze complex works of art and solve various spatial and color problems. Creative imagination, great aesthetic taste should be accompanied by such qualities as accuracy, patience, perseverance.

Restoration artist. Paintings are most often subject to the destructive effects of time. The paints on the canvases are separated from the ground, which covered the canvas or wood, repeatedly applied strokes delaminate. Art restorers can save works of art.

A special commission, consisting of art historians, curators of paintings and restorers, carefully examines the painting, identifies all defects and establishes the causes of their occurrence. Based on this analysis, experts evaluate the possibility of recovery artistic features works, determine the necessary methods of work, as well as materials.

The restorer studies the features of the painting. The methods of writing, the materials used, the thickness of the paint layer, the individual style of the author's stroke, the quality of the texture processing, etc. This allows him to determine the tasks of his work. Comprehensive erudition, good memory, experience of previous works contribute to the success of his business.

Must be able to work in stages, patiently work through all the details, be able to subordinate his creative imagination to the intention of the author who created the picture. Any deviation from the original artistic idea is a distortion of art. Must know all the subtleties of working with the material.

Art historian. The work of art historians, and even more so of historians, is less obvious to the general public, but very important.

Specialists work in organizations where works of the named type of art are presented or studied. These are employees of museums, publishing organizations. These specialists also work in research institutes, studying the history of fine arts, design, as well as in art galleries and various exhibition organizations. Art historians also teach. The subject "History of Art" is in the plans of many educational institutions.

Museum workers prepare, in particular, scientific catalogs. This requires painstaking work, familiarity with many sources. Specialists working in museums, as a rule, participate in various research events, conferences, and interviews.

In general, their activities can be divided into work with the art monument itself and work for desk, in storage, library.

In order to work successfully in this field, you need to have some specific abilities. This is, as professionals say, "eye", artistic taste.

One must be able to deeply perceive and understand works of fine art. This talent can be developed in the process of e-learning.

Theatrical artist. The definition of "scenography" in the domestic theater has taken root not so long ago. Much closer to the viewer is the ancient concept of "theatrical artist" or, as they usually write on the poster, "art director". The result of the work of the production designer of the performance, in fact, is everything that appears before the viewer's eye on the stage - from the fortress walls, thunderclouds or the raging ocean to the heels of shoes, daggers or handkerchiefs.

The set designer is a theater artist who translates the author's intent of the production designer from (flat) sketches to (volumetric) scenery.

There is a theatrical expression "The artist is responsible for beauty." This "beauty" consists of: costumes, scenery, furniture, props, lighting, costumes, makeup, and so on. Separate specialties correspond to each side of the common cause: costume designer, lighting designer. But the set designer traditionally remains the creative leader of the group.

Personal qualities: love for the theater, spatial thinking, artistic taste, good memory, accuracy

In real production conditions, the idea of ​​the production designer is embodied by the production designer. In the modern theater it is difficult to separate the artistic and technological components of the scenery. The nature of the transformation of stage design, the possibilities of its light assimilation, the texture of the material used - all this affects the style and image of the performance. Now it's not a problem to find good designer who could calculate the farm or select the required section of the bar. There is still a shortage of a specialist who is able to "read" the intention of the artist and director, offer a witty technical solution and at the same time preserve that same individual artistic statement.

Jeweler. manufactures art products(decorations, household items, worship, weapons) mainly from precious metals, as well as some non-ferrous metals in combination with precious and ornamental stones, amber, mother-of-pearl, bone according to drawings, drawings and models of the artist, developer.

The jeweler must know the technical and artistic requirements for products, the properties of precious and semi-precious metals and their alloys, the properties of precious and semi-precious stones and other materials (amber, mother-of-pearl, bone, enamel) used in the manufacture of jewelry, rules for reading drawings. He should be familiar various ways production of blanks and parts from ingots, types of ornaments and their implementation. He must be able to make a jewelry tool on his own.

Working conditions: high eye strain. A static asymmetrical working posture is characteristic.

Required qualities: a good eye, developed color perception, good coordination and developed fine motor skills of the hands, the ability to concentrate, accuracy, perseverance, patience, artistic taste. Explicit cardiovascular diseases, scoliosis, increased nervous excitability can prevent the profession of a jeweler.

related professions. When the creation of a piece of jewelry goes beyond simple execution according to a finished sample, drawing or sketch, but is invented by the author in order to convey some kind of artistic idea, or an author's work is created for a specific customer, we are talking about the profession of a jewelry designer.

Fashion designer (artist-fashion designer and fashion designer). The fashion designer develops new types of clothing, taking into account consumer demand and production capabilities, and also creates collections of clothes for display in various fashion shows.

The fashion designer's scope of work includes the creation of a new clothing concept in the form of sketches, the search for a design solution for a conceived model, the development of samples of new models, the preparation of samples for industrial production, organization of fashion shows.

Necessary qualities: artistic abilities; developed creative thinking, design abilities, a developed sense of color, a good eye, creativity, organizational skills, "innovation".

To participate in elite fashion shows, according to haute couture rules, you need to present from 4 to 60 ensembles, and any product must be 50-80% handmade. One dress is sewn for at least a month, and especially complex ones up to six months ... Only fans survive who do not imagine themselves outside the profession, ready to develop new ideas, not being afraid of bold experiments and long, sleepless nights spent at work.

Confectioner. Prepares confectionery products at confectionery factories and in specialized shops of bakeries. cooks different kinds dough, fillings, creams according to a given recipe. Bakes and decorates products. Checks the weight of finished products. Uses hand tools, mechanical and electromechanical equipment.

For activity, fine taste and olfactory sensitivity, fine color discrimination, good visual-motor coordination (at the level of hand movements) are required.

The work is not recommended for people with allergic reactions on food products and diseases: respiratory organs ( bronchial asthma, chronic pneumonia, etc.); cardiovascular system (hypertension, heart failure, etc.); kidneys and urinary tract (nephritis, renal failure, etc.); musculoskeletal system, limiting the mobility of the hands; nervous system(meningitis, myelitis, etc.); organs of vision (significant decrease in visual acuity and color discrimination); skin with localization on the hands (dermatitis, eczema, etc.).

The confectioner must know the range of manufactured products, recipes and modes of their preparation, types of raw materials and methods of their processing, methods of finishing and decoration. confectionery

So, it is worth remembering that the pastry chef works standing up, with weight transfers (up to 40-50 kg), with muscle tension in the arms and legs. Sometimes the working conditions are not entirely favorable: the room may be heat, high humidity and air pollution, drafts and industrial noise. There is also a certain risk of injury and burns, so you must carefully follow the safety precautions.

Necessary qualities: developed sense of smell, taste, touch, color sensitivity, sense of temperature, observation, concentration of attention, coordination of movements, sufficient physical strength, accuracy, neatness.

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2.1 Characteristics of professions such as "a person is an artistic image" and requirements for the individual characteristics of a specialist

Of course, very generalized characteristics of a person as a subject of activity in different types of professions were given above. In order to understand the specifics of professions of this type, I think it is necessary to consider some of the most common professions - an analysis of the requirements that apply to the personality of a specialist mastering the profession "man - artistic image", everything typical, as a rule, does not coincide in everything with a particular specific case , and in some part may contradict it.

Artist - designer (designer). The main task of the designer is to satisfy the needs of a person (customer) in harmony with the subject environment by designing the aesthetic properties of industrial products.

Required qualities: analysis and synthesis, spatial thinking and design abilities, creativity, artistic abilities (composition, harmony, proportions, sense of color), communication and verbal abilities, flexibility of thinking, independence, responsibility, realism, resourcefulness.

At the design stage, it should be taken into account that things are produced in thousands and even thousands of copies. Designer error, like design engineer error, is correspondingly multiplied and thus very costly. That is why the designer must combine, to a certain extent, opposite qualities. On the one hand, a bold flight of fancy, open-mindedness, looseness of thought. On the other hand, a high sense of responsibility, discipline of the mind, the ability to take into account the real conditions of production as much as possible.

The creative process of an artist - designer begins with thinking about possible options for a future product. It is important to collect information about existing similar products and critically review and discuss them. An employee with a broad outlook will successfully solve the problem. A good specialist is always concerned with collecting data in his field. Therefore, he is ready to solve an unexpected task.

The designer must be able to take into account economic and technological considerations. For example, the original shape of a product, conceived by a designer, may be unprofitable from an economist's point of view or difficult to implement from a technologist's point of view.

A person who has devoted himself to the service of technical aesthetics must be interested in the fine arts and be an artist himself. He also needs to know technology, the natural and social sciences, draw well, and have skillful hands. He must orient himself in the cultural heritage of his own and other peoples. Not every artistically and technically trained person will successfully cope with his duties as a designer, but only those who relate to the world of things as a transformer.

Painter (on porcelain painting). There are several methods of painting on porcelain, one of which is hand painting.

The artist must find especially subtle and delicate relationships of color with white in the applied paints and the same tone transitions from one color to another. In addition, the master must constantly keep in his mind the conceived color composition, because. it is finally formed only after the porcelain (faience) is fired under glaze in a kiln. He must be able, by superimposing color, to see another in it - and this is in all the compositional complexity of the plot being performed. Painting with created gold in itself did not cause difficulties, but required to find the correct ratio of gold and paints on porcelain

Drawings can be complex and varied: these are landscapes, plots, literary portraits, characters, fairy-tale images, stylized images of the plant and art world, ornaments.

The master painter is fluent in the techniques of painting and graphic works, methods of copying drawings at various scales, engraving techniques on gold and silver, and techniques for independently developing the details of drawings.

Before starting work, the painter must imagine the drawing in his mind, mentally decompose it into parts, outline the sequence of coloring its details. And performing each operation, he sees in his imagination the drawing already finished.

The artist is an illustrator. The content of the activity: the task of the illustrator is to adequately and colorfully express the thoughts of the author of a literary work, articles in the media with vivid artistic images. The type of work depends on the order: it can illustrate books, magazines, newspapers, etc.

Must know: painting, drawing, graphics, art theory, literary creativity, special art disciplines, techniques and technologies of work, etc.

Must be able to: Choose an appropriate drawing technique (from simple pencil to computer graphics). Plan your work. Use complex techniques: aquatint, etching..., computer programs (for example, to develop a layout for a future work). In a short time to carry out the necessary sketches in several versions. Present sketches and finished work, "portfolio". Express your unique style. Work in a team of artists. Must have: own pronounced author's style (in case of individual work). Dominant interests: fine arts, literature Related: Entrepreneurial activity. Advertising. Photo

Necessary qualities that ensure success in the profession: Imaginative thinking. Fantasy. High level of development of general abilities (analysis, synthesis, logic, verbal abilities, verbal-logical thinking). Observation. Developed imagination. The ability to express their thoughts-images in the picture. color sensitivity. High level of special artistic ability. Purposefulness. Responsibility. Organizational skills. Good coordination, fine motor skills of fingers. Medical restrictions: Allergy to working materials, book dust

Retoucher. The illustrations printed in the book almost always have a quality loss compared to the original. The task of the team working on the printing reproduction of the original is to make these losses minimal.

The task of the retoucher is to ensure that, in the end, a printing plate can be created. An imprint (imprint) from it, of course, will differ from the original, but for a person’s vision, this difference will be acceptable.

There are two types of retouching: technical (correction) and artistic. Technical retouching consists in removing scratches, dark or light spots or dots, coarse graininess, etc. on the publishing original (the material from which the printing plate will be made).

The role of artistic retouching is much broader. With its help, the plot-graphic elements of the illustration are emphasized. Their forms and spatial relations are specified, shortcomings in the gradation of tones and colors are eliminated. Such work is available only to those who are fluent in drawing, feel the tonal relationships of colors well and know how to use them.

All operations that a retoucher has to perform require active mental activity and a good memory. He must remember and take into account the various factors that determine the choice of technique and method of retouching, compare them, analyze and make the necessary decisions. The specificity of his work is that the retoucher must constantly keep in mind the visual image that he seeks to embody.

The process of reproduction (typographic reproduction) of images is based on a deep understanding of the original. The retoucher perceives in the original what is sometimes hidden for the average viewer. To do this, he must be observant. For a deep aesthetic evaluation of a work, it also needs a developed sense of color and form.

The work of a retoucher is associated with great mental stress: throughout the entire working day, he has to analyze complex works of art and solve various spatial and color problems. Creative imagination, great aesthetic taste should be accompanied by such qualities as accuracy, patience, perseverance.

Restoration artist. Paintings are most often subject to the destructive effects of time. The paints on the canvases are separated from the ground, which covered the canvas or wood, repeatedly applied strokes delaminate. Art restorers can save works of art.

A special commission, consisting of art historians, curators of paintings and restorers, carefully examines the painting, identifies all defects and establishes the causes of their occurrence. Based on this analysis, specialists evaluate the possibility of restoring the artistic features of the work, determine the necessary methods of work, as well as materials.

The restorer studies the features of the painting. The methods of writing, the materials used, the thickness of the paint layer, the individual style of the author's stroke, the quality of the texture processing, etc. This allows him to determine the tasks of his work. Comprehensive erudition, good memory, experience of previous works contribute to the success of his business.

Must be able to work in stages, patiently work through all the details, be able to subordinate his creative imagination to the intention of the author who created the picture. Any deviation from the original artistic idea is a distortion of art. Must know all the subtleties of working with the material.

Art historian. The work of art historians, and even more so of historians, is less obvious to the general public, but very important.

Specialists work in organizations where works of the named type of art are presented or studied. These are employees of museums, publishing organizations. These specialists also work in research institutes, studying the history of fine arts, design, as well as in art galleries and various exhibition organizations. Art historians also teach. The subject "History of Art" is in the plans of many educational institutions.

Museum workers prepare, in particular, scientific catalogs. This requires painstaking work, familiarity with many sources. Specialists working in museums, as a rule, participate in various research events, conferences, and interviews.

In general, their activities can be divided into work with the actual monument of art and work at the desk, in the repository, the library.

In order to work successfully in this field, you need to have some specific abilities. This is, as professionals say, "eye", artistic taste.

One must be able to deeply perceive and understand works of fine art. This talent can be developed in the process of e-learning.

Theatrical artist. The definition of "scenography" in the domestic theater has taken root not so long ago. Much closer to the viewer is the ancient concept of "theatrical artist" or, as they usually write on the poster, "art director". The result of the work of the production designer of the performance, in fact, is everything that appears before the viewer's eye on the stage - from the fortress walls, thunderclouds or the raging ocean to the heels of shoes, daggers or handkerchiefs.

The set designer is a theater artist who translates the author's intent of the production designer from (flat) sketches to (volumetric) scenery.

There is a theatrical expression "The artist is responsible for beauty." This "beauty" consists of: costumes, scenery, furniture, props, lighting, costumes, makeup, and so on. Separate specialties correspond to each side of the common cause: costume designer, lighting designer. But the set designer traditionally remains the creative leader of the group.

Personal qualities: love for the theater, spatial thinking, artistic taste, good memory, accuracy

In real production conditions, the idea of ​​the production designer is embodied by the production designer. In the modern theater it is difficult to separate the artistic and technological components of the scenery. The nature of the transformation of stage design, the possibilities of its light assimilation, the texture of the material used - all this affects the style and image of the performance. Now it is not a problem to find a good designer who could calculate the truss or select the required section of the bar. There is still a shortage of a specialist who is able to "read" the intention of the artist and director, offer a witty technical solution and at the same time preserve that same individual artistic statement.

Jeweler. It makes art products (jewelry, household items, cult, weapons) mainly from precious metals, as well as some non-ferrous metals in combination with precious and ornamental stones, amber, mother-of-pearl, bone according to drawings, drawings and models of the artist, developer.

The jeweler must know the technical and artistic requirements for products, the properties of precious and semi-precious metals and their alloys, the properties of precious and semi-precious stones and other materials (amber, mother-of-pearl, bone, enamel) used in the manufacture of jewelry, the rules for reading drawings. He should be familiar with various methods of manufacturing blanks and parts from ingots, types of ornaments and their implementation. He must be able to make a jewelry tool on his own.

Working conditions: high eye strain. A static asymmetrical working posture is characteristic.

Required qualities: a good eye, developed color perception, good coordination and developed fine motor skills of the hands, the ability to concentrate, accuracy, perseverance, patience, artistic taste. Explicit cardiovascular diseases, scoliosis, increased nervous excitability can prevent the profession of a jeweler.

related professions. When the creation of a piece of jewelry goes beyond simple execution according to a finished sample, drawing or sketch, but is invented by the author in order to convey some kind of artistic idea, or an author's work is created for a specific customer, we are talking about the profession of a jewelry designer.

Fashion designer (artist-fashion designer and fashion designer). The fashion designer develops new types of clothing, taking into account consumer demand and production capabilities, and also creates collections of clothes for display in various fashion shows.

The fashion designer's scope of work includes the creation of a new clothing concept in the form of sketches, the search for a design solution for a conceived model, the development of samples of new models, the preparation of samples for industrial production, and the organization of fashion shows.

Necessary qualities: artistic abilities; developed imaginative thinking, design abilities, developed sense of color, good eye, creativity, organizational skills, "innovation".

To participate in elite fashion shows, according to haute couture rules, you need to present from 4 to 60 ensembles, and any product must be 50-80% handmade. One dress is sewn for at least a month, and especially complex ones up to six months ... Only fans survive who do not imagine themselves outside the profession, ready to develop new ideas, not being afraid of bold experiments and long, sleepless nights spent at work.

Confectioner. Prepares confectionery products at confectionery factories and in specialized shops of bakeries. Prepares various types of dough, fillings, creams according to a given recipe. Bakes and decorates products. Checks the weight of finished products. Uses hand tools, mechanical and electromechanical equipment.

For activity, fine taste and olfactory sensitivity, fine color discrimination, good visual-motor coordination (at the level of hand movements) are required.

Work is not recommended for people who have allergic reactions to food products and diseases: respiratory organs (bronchial asthma, chronic pneumonia, etc.); cardiovascular system (hypertension, heart failure, etc.); kidneys and urinary tract (nephritis, renal failure, etc.); musculoskeletal system, limiting the mobility of the hands; nervous system (meningitis, myelitis, etc.); organs of vision (significant decrease in visual acuity and color discrimination); skin with localization on the hands (dermatitis, eczema, etc.).

The confectioner must know the range of manufactured products, recipes and modes of their preparation, types of raw materials and methods of their processing, methods of finishing and decorating confectionery

So, it is worth remembering that the pastry chef works standing up, with weight transfers (up to 40-50 kg), with muscle tension in the arms and legs. Sometimes the working conditions are not entirely favorable: the room may have high temperature, high humidity and air pollution, drafts and industrial noise. There is also a certain risk of injury and burns, so you must carefully follow the safety precautions.

Necessary qualities: developed sense of smell, taste, touch, color sensitivity, sense of temperature, observation, concentration of attention, coordination of movements, sufficient physical strength, accuracy, neatness.




Psychological and pedagogical support can contribute to solving the problems of students in professional self-determination. When introducing the model of psychological and pedagogical support of professional self-determination proposed by us into the system of school education, we believe that the image of a modern graduate should change somewhat. And in this regard, we offer our direction scheme ...

These are professions in which work is directed to artistic objects or the conditions for their creation. All professions of the type "a person - an artistic image" can be divided into subtypes in accordance with the historically isolated types of artistic reflection of reality.

1. Professions related to fine arts.

2. Professions related to musical activity.

3. Professions related to literary and artistic
noah activity.

4. Professions related to acting and stage activities.

The listed subtypes are not strictly limited from each other and are more or less strongly intertwined.

The first manifestations and forms of art in the history of mankind (image, song, dance) have always been by no means idle, but the most important public affair - the affair of the collective. The song set the rhythm of joint work or created the necessary mood (mournful, joyful or fighting). A drawing or dance determined and specified intentions, goals, plans, served as a kind of preparation for hunting, combat, etc. Art was associated with the life support of society, labor.

In the process of human development, there was a separation and isolation of the production of artistic values ​​from the production of material values. Artists have emerged. They satisfy their material needs at the expense of those who work in the field of agriculture, industry, and in return for this they bring aesthetic values ​​​​to the common cause.

There is a natural exchange of products of labor. Of course, from time to time a “piano freaked out” appears, to which it begins to seem that “it plays for itself”, in other words, ideas appear that art is something exceptional (“art for art’s sake”, etc.). This is no more witty a position than if someone were to proclaim: "industry for industry", "beekeeping for beekeeping", etc. In any field of work, skill can be unattainably high; however, not in any area it is expressed in spectacular effects. Therefore, not all areas of labor have the same conditions for “pride” to take possession of a person.

One of the features of the profession of this type consists in the fact that a significant proportion of the employee's labor costs remain hidden from an outside observer. Moreover, special efforts are often made to create the effect of lightness, ease of the final product of labor. So, the performance of the artist can last in public for several minutes. But in order for it to take place, the artist works daily and for many hours to improve and maintain required level his skill, strictly observes a special regime, etc.

When choosing an appropriate professional path, it is important to think about this implicit side of work, which can also be an unbearable price for success. In order for work to bring satisfaction, it is important to cultivate a realistic level of claims to social recognition (not to claim more recognition than what you deserve based on the real results of your work). However, this is not easy to achieve if someone has already managed to praise a person. A person with an unrealistic level of claims drives away the idea that the true reason for the lack of resounding success is in himself. He is inclined to explain failures by the actions of other people (“interfered”, “do not let pass”, “envy”, “slow down”, etc.).


Subtypes of professions of the type "Man - Artistic image"

Professions related to visual activity:

Wallpaper painter, tiler, photographer, toy painter, chaser, wood carver, inlay cutter jewelry, makeup artist, lighting designer, restorer, production designer.

Professions related to music:

Piano tuner, accompanist, vocalist, orchestra artist, musical toy tuner.

Professions related to writing:

Editor, newspaper employee, correspondent, writer.

Professions related to acting and stage activities:

Drama artist, circus performer, Vtraveling concert.


So, you have determined the type of profession that suits you, and now we will determine which class your future profession belongs to.


Art embodies beauty, harmony, it is not subject to logic and reason, everything that is beautiful can be safely called "art". Among the many professions special meaning has the interaction of a person - an artistic image. Today we will try to cover this topic.

The subtleties of the profession "man - an artistic image."

Work in the field of art originated in ancient times. It is highly valued even today. The best evidence of this are monuments, sculptures, visual activity during the Paleolithic period. On present stage distinguish the following professions of the direction "man - an artistic image":
- designer, architect, sculptor,
- singer, composer, conductor, vocalist,
- Writer, playwright, poet
- artist,
- actor, director, operator,
- photographer,
- fashion designer, make-up artist, hairdresser, etc.
When applying for a job “a person is an artistic image”, keep in mind that your main principle- this is the achievement of perfection, harmony, beauty. Work in art always requires fresh ideas. You must be their generator. In art, a sense of proportion is everything. There is a very thin line between art and vulgarity. If you decide to devote yourself to this direction, you will need inspiration, ideas and hard work. A person of art needs to constantly develop, to be familiar with new, current trends. You need to keep up with the times. Your work must fully satisfy aesthetic requirements. A beginner, without work experience, should learn a lot and be as diligent as possible.

Man of art. Profession benefits.

A person who creates in art must have certain inclinations and abilities. Very often this manifests itself in childhood, but there are exceptions. A man of art is creative, he is a generator of amazing ideas. You must be persistent, have willpower and strive for excellence. So, in order to succeed in the profession of "human - artistic image" you will need:
- the ability to subtly feel the beauty,
- vivid imagination
- developed imaginative thinking,
- diligence, patience,
- the desire to create.
The main advantages of working in art is recognition, popularity. If a person is talented and hardworking, then he will be in demand and receive high material rewards. You have the opportunity to realize your creative potential. View current vacancies, send resumes and prepare for an interview.

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