How to install porcelain stoneware on the facade. Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware slabs. Ventilated facade technology for installing cassettes made of various materials

A ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware demonstrates an excellent balance between consistency and functionality, since it significantly reduces the heat loss of the building in winter. This option for finishing facades is very common in Russia due to its availability. Porcelain stoneware is used for cladding buildings for various purposes from office and retail to residential and industrial buildings. Installation of the ventilation façade system can be carried out at almost any time of the year, even at low temperatures - this does not affect the performance of the façade.

Sealed external protection of the building by attaching tiles directly to the wall saves the facade from atmospheric humidity, but this does not solve the problem of condensation of vapors that come out of the walls of the house. That is why curtain facades are the best option for insulating a building. There is a gap between decorative finishing and the wall/layers of insulation ensures free circulation of convection air flows, which allows water vapor to be drawn out of the walls naturally and removed into the atmosphere.

Exterior view of buildings with porcelain stoneware ventilated facades

The externally ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware looks presentable and at the same time protects from the effects of weather factors, while maintaining a healthy microclimate indoors.

Performance qualities of porcelain stoneware

Separately, it is worth mentioning the finishing material, which is created artificially from natural minerals pressed at high temperatures. Tiles made in this way demonstrate a uniform structure and good performance characteristics:

Durability;
High impact strength;
The façade is easy to care for—it can easily withstand wet cleaning;
Repairable - you can replace broken tiles in a separate area;
A wide range of natural stone imitations - the appearance is very aesthetic;
Resistance to low temperatures, temperature changes and ultraviolet rays;
Ecologically pure;
Low cost.

Luxurious façade cladding with porcelain stoneware

Characteristics of porcelain stoneware as a material

When selecting cladding for ventilated facades, it is important to pay attention to its thickness. Porcelain stoneware with a thickness of at least 10-12 mm is suitable for ventilated facades. If the tile is 8 mm thick, then it is not suitable - the whole point is that at height significant influences act on the surface of the wall. wind loads. Therefore, the tiles must be thick enough to support them without cracking. Moreover, the clamp legs are designed specifically for the specified standard thickness of facade tiles.

As an option for fixing porcelain stoneware, you can specify a mortar, but tiles can be placed on the mortar only when facing the basement, 1st floor or entrance area - in this case, the thickness of the tiles should be as small as possible - this will have a positive effect on the duration of operation.

The only exception to this rule are the latest ultra-thin panels, the thickness of which is only 3 mm, and the width of such materials can reach 3 m. Such porcelain tiles are attached with glue to horizontal flanges - this cladding option can hardly be called a curtain wall, so the so-called thin porcelain tiles belong to another type of cladding.

Advantages of façade finishing with porcelain stoneware

Finishing with porcelain stoneware involves the creation of a multi-layer structure, which provides a number of advantages:

Air circulation and ease of repair

Air gap for a ventilated facade

The gap between the wall and porcelain tiles for ventilated facades ensures natural air circulation - it listens to the wall, preventing fungi and bacteria from developing. This significantly increases the service life of the building. This design is repairable - you can quickly replace porcelain tiles in whole or in part, dismantle broken tiles, while the structure of the building does not change.

Possibility of insulation

Thermal insulation for ventilated facades

Heat, sound and vapor barrier materials can be placed in the gap between the building and the facing covering, changing the technological properties of the building. The fastening design of the tiles protects the facade from precipitation, wind and other negative influences. Layers of air around the perimeter of the entire building provide a healthy microclimate inside the building - since the cladding works like a thermos, it is possible to maintain the necessary temperature regime much simpler.

Beautiful appearance and the ability to do everything yourself

Original facade made of porcelain stoneware

Porcelain tiles for ventilated facades are very aesthetically pleasing; with a wide selection of color options for tiles, any exterior can be realized. What about the smoothness of the tiles, the facade looks neat - dust does not linger on it, and it tolerates wet cleaning well.

Concerning self-installation, then the design is not complicated - the curtained façade can really be made with your own hands without special construction education.

Creation project And marking

Creating a project is the first stage in creating a ventilation facade - it is necessary to indicate on it the features of all structural elements in the profile, fasteners, and so on.

After this, the walls are marked in accordance with the developed project. It is necessary to install the profiles and mount the brackets: the vertical step between the brackets does not exceed 80 cm, the horizontal step determines the width of the slab and the size of the installation seam.

Choosing porcelain tiles

When choosing porcelain tiles, you should consider characteristics such as size, thickness and density

It is necessary to choose the right tile for a ventilated facade. The size of the tile must be a multiple of the wall parameter, and the dimensions are set taking into account the seams between the tiles and seams to compensate for temperature fluctuations.

Don’t try to choose the tiles yourself small size, because a building finished with porcelain stoneware with a square length of 300 mm looks unpresentable. It is better to give preference to large tiles with dimensions of 600x600, 800x800, 600x1200 mm and so on.

DIY tools

For installation work You must have the following tools available:

Horizontal and vertical profile;
Anchor fastening;
Hydro- and heat-insulating materials;
Windproof membrane;
Clamps;
Periodontal pad.

Installation of a ventilated facade frame under porcelain stoneware

To install a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware, it is necessary to perform sequential technological steps. Most often used combined method fastening, which involves the use of guide profiles that are placed on fasteners horizontally and vertically. Initially, vertical guide profiles are installed, and secondly, horizontal ones.

Preparing the wall

There is no need to level the surface of the wall when installing a ventilated facade - just clean the surface of dirt and plaster it again. However, after finishing it will not be visible, so special care is not required when plastering.

Subsystem for ventilation façade made of porcelain stoneware

We mark the area of the wall for attaching the frame - at this stage it is necessary to take into account the size of the tiles; it is under this size that the vertical and horizontal guides will be mounted. The mounting step of the bracket directly depends on the size of the plates.

Installation of the ventilation façade frame

Installation of porcelain stoneware on the facade

Installation of the ventilation facade is carried out by fixing the tiles to brackets, which, in turn, are secured in the wall with anchors. When choosing fasteners, you should think about the occurrence of corrosion, so after installation, the heads of all fasteners should be coated with paint.

Installation of brackets

To align the brackets, we use a plumb line, and it is necessary to control the distance between the points where the profiles are attached. The fastening itself is carried out using metal screws with a special press washer.

Insulation and waterproofing

Insulation is important, but not mandatory element ventilation façade structures. But if you put insulation boards under the sheathing, you can significantly save on heating. Layers of thermal and waterproofing are attached to the wall using special fasteners. It is important that the insulation fits tightly to the facade without gaps. If the insulation is laid in several layers, then the seams in the layers should not match - this will provoke the formation of cold bridges, which will reduce the effectiveness of the thermal insulation of the walls. Such layers are fastened with dowels; alternatively, you can use screws with a wide head. All of these layers must be covered with a windproof membrane, which is necessary as a barrier against blowing.

Ventilated facade system made of porcelain stoneware

The distance between the layers of thermal and waterproofing and the porcelain stoneware coating is 50 mm.

Additional nodes and elements

The final stage of finishing is the installation of pipe or electrical cable outlets in porcelain tiles. To do this, it is enough to make technological holes.

Visible and hidden method of fastening porcelain tiles

Fastening the tiles to the sheathing is done using clamps - this is the so-called visible method. You can also use hidden methods - these are German Keil bolts and clamps in the side cuts of the slabs.

What clamps should I use for porcelain tiles?

The use of clamps for fastening porcelain stoneware plates is the most common method, the peculiarity of which is that the legs of the fastening element hold the tiles with outside. If desired, you can paint the hardware in the color of the cladding so that it does not spoil the effect of the facade. But even without additional coloring, such elements are not visible from a long distance.

Facade fasteners for porcelain stoneware German keil bolt

This type of fastener is a trapezoidal bolt, which is attached with one end to the sheathing and the other to the tile on the back side. As a result, the fasteners are hidden behind the curtain wall and are invisible.

Hidden method for clamping in the side cuts of the slab

For this fastening option, you will need special clamps, the legs of which are inserted into the side cuts in the tiles, which also allows the hardware to remain unnoticed.

Possible mistakes

The main mistakes that inexperienced builders make when installing a ventilated facade:

Carrying out work in severe frosts. In this case, with an increase in atmospheric temperature, the fasteners may weaken, which causes a decrease in the rigidity and strength of the fastening system
Lack of compensation spacer when installing brackets on the wall. In the future, with changing seasons and cycles of compression-tension of the material and temperature changes, the fasteners will gradually weaken
Coincidence of seams in insulation layers. Such seams form cold bridges, which reduces the thermal insulation of the building
The clamps are installed too close, which causes tension in the place where the plate is fastened. As the temperature increases, material rupture may occur at the point of stress concentration caused by internal distortion of the structure.

What is a ventilated facade - design features? A ventilated facade is understood as a multi-layer structure consisting of...

It is difficult to come up with a material that could replace porcelain stoneware for the facade.

Porcelain stoneware tiles have begun to be used everywhere: from cladding the facades of private houses to cladding elite shopping and entertainment complexes.

She looks aesthetically pleasing, expensive and modern.

But the range of prices for different types of façade porcelain tiles will surprise you. Porcelain tiles have changed, and now few people use the standard dimensions of 600*600mm.

Now its new brother has entered the market - thin large-format porcelain tiles. Or they use a regular one, but with dimensions of 1200*600mm or meter by meter.

Porcelain tiles for facades can be mounted without visible products on the facade - this makes it an elite material and puts it on a par with natural granite.

Ventilation façade system made of thin porcelain stoneware new round fame and popularity in the country's façade market for a material that is already familiar to us.

Porcelain tiles are hard, durable, but fragile. To install a suspended ventilated façade, everyone strives to use materials that exceed the strength parameters of porcelain stoneware.

After all, the facade is not only at its best, but the first floor and entrance group are subject to more severe use. Often it is necessary to replace a broken facade slab.

Porcelain tiles for installing curtain wall facades can be used in all climatic regions of Russia. Because it has 100 freeze/thaw cycles.

Advantages and disadvantages

There are many advantages, but there are also disadvantages to the porcelain stoneware façade. The benefits are different for each person. For some, expensive is good, but for others it is bad.

TO undoubted advantages given ceramic tiles can be attributed:

Increased abrasion resistance and durability. Thanks to specially developed production technology, it is practically not subject to abrasion. Even significant physical efforts do not damage the surface layer and structure.
Not flammable. It can be used in schools, kindergartens and hospitals.
Slopes on ventilated facades can be made from façade porcelain stoneware. At the same time, fire resistant cuts will remain behind the cladding on the slopes.
Aesthetics. It not only protects the task from the outside, but also serves as its decoration. Wide color palette, a variety of textures allow the implementation of any design idea.
Ease of installation - achieved by dimensional accuracy and specially treated surface.
Easy care.
The relatively low price of porcelain stoneware for the facade compared to the use of other finishing building materials.

Types of facing porcelain stoneware

Porcelain tiles differ not only in the size of the tiles, but, most importantly, in the thickness of the tiles.

The slab on the facade can be extremely thin - only three millimeters.

At the same time, thin porcelain stoneware is also wide-format; it can reach a length of three meters. Why it doesn’t break is because of the adhesive method of fastening.

Let's look at the features of each type of façade porcelain tile separately.

Standard facade porcelain tiles 600*600mm

The standard façade includes porcelain stoneware of any size, but with a thickness of at least ten millimeters, as we have already defined earlier. This is the most common type.

It is excellent for cladding buildings with ceramic tiles for a wide variety of purposes: from schools to city administrations.

Size and dimensions

Porcelain tiles with a standard thickness of 10 - 12 mm can have dimensions of 600*600mm, 1200*600mm, 300*600mm.

Moreover façade porcelain tiles can be oriented either vertically or horizontally on the building.

Colors and surfaces

Porcelain stoneware surfaces come in different textures:

Matte coating. Essentially these are slabs without additional processing, so they are the cheapest.
Polished slabs. These are slabs that have been polished, but they still have some roughness on the surface.
Polished slabs. Such slabs are first ground and then polished.

Polished slabs reflect better than others sunlight, therefore most suitable for facades in hot climates.

The color of creamogranite can be quite varied. Acceptable colors are indicated in manufacturers' catalogs. But, the more saturated and brighter color, the more expensive it is. For example, blue and red are the most expensive shades of porcelain tiles.

A pattern in the form of stone or wood can be applied to both polished and honed tiles. Such porcelain tiles will cost more.

Laying options

The layout of porcelain tiles may surprise you with the options:

You can place rectangular porcelain tiles vertically.
Can be combined different variants sizes of porcelain tiles on the facade.
You can play with flowers.

It is not recommended to make a multi-plane façade of porcelain stoneware. It is difficult to install and looks angular at transitions.

Mounting methods

A ventilated facade made of thin porcelain stoneware can be created using both visible and hidden fastening methods. The ventilated façade schemes are described in more detail in. Here we briefly outline the essence of each technology.

The visible fastening method involves the use of a clamp.

A clamp is an element of a stainless steel system that secures the tile at four corners. The clasp is painted in the color of porcelain stoneware. This option is considered suitable for inexpensive finishes with ventilated porcelain tiles.

The hidden method of fastening porcelain tiles is of two types:

with a bolt hidden fastening Keil;
using a clamp with fastening into the end holes of porcelain stoneware.

Hidden fastening allows you to hide the mechanical fastening from the surface of the facade from view. This facade is considered elite. And it can compete in external properties with natural granite.

The method of hidden fastening is shown in detail in the video, the only thing is that the cladding in the video is natural stone. But Porcelain stoneware is attached to the ventilation facade in a hidden way using exactly this technology, using a Keil bolt.

Main manufacturers

Porcelain tiles are produced all over the world. In Russia the following are considered popular:

Italian Estima tiles;
Italian tiles Kerama Marazzi;
Russian porcelain stoneware “Ural granite”;
Cheaper option Russian production– “Shakhtinsky”
Chinese “Foshan Ceramics”, etc.

The brands of Chinese manufacturers are not well-known, but they are also represented on the market.

An important parameter of a porcelain stoneware slab for a facade is its geometry. In inexpensive analogues of the slab, the geometry is often broken.

Price

“Salt/pepper” – the cheapest porcelain tile

The cost is directly proportional to the popularity of the brands. Italian manufacturers are more expensive than Russian ones. Russian ones are more expensive than Chinese ones.

Among other things, the price changes when choosing more rich shades of the slab.

Blue and red are considered the most expensive colors.

The price of porcelain stoneware varies depending on the degree of processing.

Polished is the most expensive, polished is cheaper, matte is the most affordable.

Cream granite “salt/pepper” - with inclusions, is the cheapest of all - from 450 rubles / m2.

The cost of elite porcelain tiles can reach up to 2000 rubles/m2.

Thin large format porcelain tiles

Now we come to the most interesting thing - new products on the façade market. Thin porcelain tile is called so because its thickness is significantly less than the standard one.

This . They are used in visible and hidden ways.

Characteristics

Thin porcelain tiles are made using similar technology to conventional porcelain tiles. Clay, feldspar, dyes and stone chips are mixed.

But Unlike ordinary porcelain tiles, thin ones are made by rolling.

Colors and surfaces

Each manufacturer has its own collections of colors and shades. Usually, there are catalogs with flowers of different shades, called “monocolor”. Also colors like wood and stone. The design surfaces are different from the rest.

Surfaces, by analogy with ordinary porcelain stoneware, can be glossy, matte, or rough.

Thickness

The opportunity to reduce the thickness of porcelain stoneware so much appeared due to the technology of soldering a special construction material on its back side.

The construction fabric allows the thin porcelain stoneware slab to be flexible. That's why thin porcelain tiles have a small radius, i.e. can be bent radially.

Mounting methods

Depending on the thickness, a special strip is selected for attaching it to the structure curtain façade. But in addition to the plank, the porcelain tile panel will also hold the glue on the back side.

The glue is applied to special elements, let's call them agraphs. Agraphs represent a hook. Those. These are some kind of hooks on the back side of the cladding that are hung on the horizontal profile of the system.

Adhesive fastening provides additional support, in addition to the strip, for thin porcelain tiles.

Exists hidden way fastening a panel of thin porcelain stoneware, without visible fastening on the surface of the facade. The hidden method involves assembling a cassette from aluminum profiles , then thin porcelain tiles are glued onto the assembled frame. The frame has hooks - ikli.

The method is very similar to . The cassette is hung on a carriage fixed in the profile using a hook. This way there is no visible fastening left on the outer surface.

Main manufacturers

Thin porcelain tiles for ventilated facades are produced by the same Italians. They love porcelain tiles, apparently. This is, for example, the Graniti Fiandre brand.

In general, all brands of thin porcelain stoneware are represented in Russia by the Bars company. These are Graniti Fiandre, and Kerlit, and Laminam, and Archskin.

Price

When thin porcelain tiles for ventilated facades first appeared on the market, their cost was in euros. In terms of rubles, the price tag was cosmic - from 10,000 rubles/m2.

But time goes by, now it's like this Porcelain tiles can be purchased at a price of 2,500 rubles/m2.

For reliable protection buildings are increasingly using a ventilated curtain façade made of porcelain stoneware to protect buildings from the effects of weather factors. With its help, the appearance of the building is improved, heat saving is increased, and good temperature regulation is ensured. The design is a complex system, the functionality and durability of which depends on precise adherence to the technology for installing a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware.

Curtain facade of this type consists of a frame and cladding, the role of which is performed by porcelain stoneware. In rare cases, tiles made of natural stone, metal or plastic are installed instead. The frame is made of a metal profile attached to the wall, onto which porcelain stoneware is hung. The structure is assembled using a guide profile, brackets, anchors, inserts and rivets, and when assembled it consists of the following elements:

Metal profile frame.
Thermal insulation material.
Vapor barrier and ventilation gap.
External cladding.

Before starting work, the vertical and horizontal deviations of the plane on which the work will be carried out are checked with a plumb line or theodolite. This will let you know where shortened or extended brackets will be needed. Marks are made on the location of the cladding on the wall, taking into account the thickness of the seams, which will allow you to approximately calculate the consumption of the tiles.

There is a zero mark for the building so that you can use it to guide you when checking the horizontal seam on the façade cladding. Vertical axes equal to the size of the tile plus the thickness of the seam are broken down.

Subsystem

Installation of the structure begins with the installation of brackets. This is the most loaded part of the system, and the stability of the entire structure depends on the strength of its fit. It consists of a fixed part, attached to the wall through a gasket, and a movable part, where a vertical profile is mounted. Parts are fastened bolted connection through an oblong hole in the moving part, which serves to adjust the length.

The second type of bracket is a movable corner bracket; it is assembled in the same way as a simple one and is attached to the outer corners. The choice of the length of these parts depends on the unevenness of the wall and the thickness of the insulation layer. If the length of the bracket is more than 1100 mm, use a reinforcing washer installed under the anchor. A thermal break plate must be placed under the bracket itself.

The length of the bracket is calculated so that there is an air gap of 50 mm between the slab and the vapor barrier.

Almost always the walls of a building are uneven. But installation of panels requires a leveled plane, for this:

Two brackets are nailed to the upper corners of the building and plumb lines are thrown.
A cord is pulled between the brackets to check the curvature of the wall, and it is measured relative to this indicator.
The brackets are aligned with the plumb line vertically and along the length of the overhang while simultaneously fastening them to the wall. This creates an even vertical on one side of the wall. The same operation is repeated on the other side.
The remaining fasteners are mounted in the resulting plane. The first row is mounted 50-60 cm above ground level, so that a subbase is placed in this place, which is recessed to a depth of 2.5 cm.
The distance between the brackets in the horizontal and vertical directions is specified by the design and depends on the type of system.
For the lower subbase, additional brackets are installed in a horizontal position.

Porcelain stoneware façade installation diagram

Thermal insulation installation technology

After attaching the brackets, begin installing the insulation. For this:

Under the brackets, holes are cut in the insulating material board through which the metal parts pass out. After placing the insulation, the cracks are sealed with pieces of material used for insulation.
Accommodation thermal insulation boards on the wall and fixing them with special fasteners with wide caps.
The joint between the slabs must be filled.

If the insulation needs to be placed in two layers, it is unacceptable to combine the seams. At the corners, the slabs overlap, completely covering the corner.

After installing the insulation, the facade is protected from the penetration of moisture and wind by a breathable vapor barrier film, which does not let moisture in, but allows it to evaporate from the insulation. From above and from the side it is folded between the insulation and the wall. It is fixed using insulation fasteners with a consumption rate of 5 pcs/m². At the junction, the lower layer overlaps 10 cm under the upper layer to prevent draining condensate from getting inside.

All overlaps are pierced with insulation fasteners.

Installation of vertical profile

Parts of the vertical profile are divided into 3 types:

T-shaped, for slab joints;
L-shaped, for the middle of the slab;
Corner profile, placed on the openings of windows and doors, and corners of the building.

Before starting installation, pay attention to the joint of the vertical profile. It should not be allowed to be docked on the bracket. This is done between the brackets using a mounting rail. The connection must be secured with all rivets.

Fastening porcelain stoneware

Ceramic slabs are fastened using clamps, which come in four types:

Single clamp side;
Double-clamp side;
Double-clamp upper and lower;
Four-clamp.

A sealing gasket is inserted between the tile and the clamp. If you install it without it, there will be no rigidity of fastening.

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware: reliability, durability, strength

The procedure for fixing tiles is as follows:

According to the previously applied mark relative to the “zero”, the first clamp is set and connected through a drilled hole with a rivet.
A tile is placed on it, and the next one is attached to it. All other tiles are installed using this principle.
Installation of slopes and ebbs that go under the tiles. Fire cut-offs must be installed.

A ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware is a reliable, practical and durable type of exterior covering. At the same time, its installation is complex, which will not allow a person without experience to carry out all operations without a qualified outside help. High-quality work is impossible without a step-by-step implementation of the entire installation process in full accordance with the design documents by experienced specialists.

Characteristics of porcelain stoneware as a material
Materials and tools for doing your own work
Porcelain stoneware facade: types of fastenings
Work related to installation: instructions

Finishing the facade with cladding material is an integral part of the construction of any house. The purpose of finishing the façade of a building is to protect the wall structure from environmental influences.

Even walls made of the most durable materials, such as concrete, brick or stone, require additional external protection.

The most popular means of protecting buildings from the natural influences of nature has become the installation of porcelain stoneware. This technology is gaining popularity from year to year, thereby becoming more and more accessible. Among other things, this facade decoration looks very modern and stylish.

Installing porcelain stoneware on the façade of a house first of all requires special care and patience, since the process cannot be called simple.

The most important quality of this technology is the ability to create a ventilated facade, which protects the structure from the formation of moisture and condensation.

This design has gained particular popularity over the past 8-10 years. During this time, owners of private houses have already become convinced of how important a ventilated façade is.

In addition, finishing the facade with porcelain stoneware is very effective due to performance qualities the material itself.

Facade porcelain tiles

In terms of its technological qualities, it even surpasses natural stone.

Characteristics of porcelain stoneware as a material

Porcelain stoneware is a very modern and high-quality material that has increased strength and resistance to any temperature.

Due to its low water absorption properties, the material is not affected by water and moisture. It also has the following important properties:

Resistant to harsh weather conditions.
Solidity means that the structure is solid and has no cracks.
Highly environmentally friendly material.
Increased resistance to various types wear.
High strength and hardness - this allows the material to withstand almost all mechanical stress.
Non-flammability.

Thus, you can safely install porcelain stoneware on the facade.

Advantages of façade finishing with porcelain stoneware

Installing porcelain stoneware on the facade of a house involves creating a ventilated structure, which, in turn, has many advantages.

Air circulation and ease of repair

By fixing porcelain stoneware, a free space is created in which natural air circulation occurs. This will allow you to “dry” the surface of the walls and cladding, which prevents the development of various bacteria (mold, mildew). Due to this, the service life of the building increases.

In case of breakdowns, or if the user is tired of the colors, the design allows you to easily dismantle the old coating and install a new one. In this case, there is no need to touch the structure of the building itself, since the installation of the porcelain stoneware façade is carried out on the lathing.

Possibility of isolation

The free space between the cladding and the building itself allows the installation of heat, sound and vapor insulation. This will further improve the technological properties of the building.

By installing a porcelain stoneware facade, you can reliably protect the building structure from winds, precipitation and other external influences.

Such an air layer also allows you to create a special microclimate inside the house, since such a coating creates a kind of “thermos”. Thus, the house will always have an excellent temperature regime.

Beautiful appearance and the ability to do everything yourself

Aesthetics and stylishness of the appearance of the building. The surface of porcelain stoneware is completely smooth, due to this dust and dirt practically do not stick to it. This coating requires minimal care, as it can be washed with water without fear of damage to the coating.

Wide range of colors. Today there are a large number of shades, so everyone can choose the right option for themselves.

Possibility of self-installation. Due to the fact that the design is simple, it is possible to install such a coating yourself.

Materials and tools for doing your own work

Brackets.
Main vertical profile.
Horizontal profile.
Anchor fasteners.
Insulation.
Waterproofing.
A special windproof membrane that protects the structure.
Clamps.
Paronite gasket.

As for the design of the facade cladding with ceramic granite, it looks like this:

supporting profile;
installed layer of insulation;
fastening brackets;
insulation fastening;
directly the porcelain stoneware itself.

There must be a small gap between the insulation and the facing coating.

Porcelain stoneware facade: types of fastenings

There are 2 types of porcelain tile fastening: visible and invisible. The difference, as you might guess from the name, is quite simple: with a visible fastening system, the elements of the fastening system protrude beyond the facing coating.

The frame is made of metal and is T-profiles, onto which the facing panels are attached using self-tapping screws. In addition, it is possible to mount it with clamps, rivets or clips. After finishing work, the fastenings are painted in the color of porcelain stoneware.

However, invisible fastenings are most often used, as this allows the structure to be monolithic. Exist various ways fastenings:

Fastening with glue - the slabs are simply glued to the supporting profiles.
Hidden mechanical fastening - holes are pre-drilled in the slabs for fastening to anchor dowels.
Fastening to profiles - cuts are made at the ends of the slabs.
Pin fastening is a method in which pins are used instead of dowels.
Combined fastening is the strongest connection, the technology of which is both an adhesive and a mechanical basis.
All plates are glued to profiles and fixed using mechanical fasteners.

Work related to installation: instructions

Preparatory processes. In fact, you can begin installation of the coating without preliminary work, namely leveling the walls, removing roughness and other defects.

This is due to the fact that a sheathing is created that creates a free space of 5-7 cm. This distance is enough to hide even the largest irregularities.

Project creation and markup

Next, the walls are marked according to the developed project, guide beacons and profiles are installed. The brackets are mounted, the vertical step should not be more than 80 cm, and the horizontal step should be the sum of the width of the slab and the installation seam.

Thermal insulation

A very important process that allows you to significantly save money on heating your home. For these purposes, it is necessary to use insulating boards, which are attached to the wall using special fasteners.

It should be noted here that the insulation must fit very tightly to the wall. Most often, the insulation layer is attached using dowels or screws with a wide head. As for the distance between the insulation and the future coating, it should be about 50 mm.

Fastening of supporting profiles

To do this, you need to use a plumb line, while controlling the distance between them. Most often, metal screws with a special press washer are used to fasten the profile.

Facing panels. The porcelain stoneware panels are attached to the pre-installed profiles with clamps. Here you can use other fastening methods that were described earlier.

This completes the installation work. For quality and, above all, correct installation it is necessary to follow a clear sequence of work. Otherwise, defects and finishing defects may occur.

Instructions for installing ventilated facades
Ventilated façade: technology for installing cassettes made of different material
Price of a ventilated facade with installation

Installation of a ventilated facade is a complex process that requires a qualified approach and professional skills. Otherwise, the cladding of the building will look poor quality.

Based practical experience, we can safely say that damage that appears on ventilated facades within 3-4 years of operation is the result of the incompetence of the construction team.

In addition to defects that occur on the façade of a building due to improper installation, poorly installed composite panels can be torn off under the influence of strong winds.

For these reasons, the installation of ventilated facades should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified specialist who has sufficient experience in handling curtain types of facades and is able to gradually guide the actions of the construction team.

Below we discuss how to install a ventilated façade correctly.

Instructions for installing ventilated facades

Installation of curtain-type facades is carried out in compliance with a certain sequence of actions. You will need the following accessories:

ventilation façade kit;
electric drill;
screwdriver or screwdriver;
construction knife;
parapet plumb;
laser level;
roulette;
indelible paint (for marking).

Before installation work, you will need to carry out preparatory procedures, which include the following steps:

Fence the area where construction work is being carried out so that strangers do not accidentally enter this area. The interval between the fence and the building must be at least 4 m.
When installing the lifts required for installation work, you will need to inspect them for breakdowns and malfunctions.
The construction site must be equipped with special rooms for equipment. Façade panels will be prepared there and frame structures will be assembled.
Some of the premises will be used as equipment storage.

It is worth paying attention: the installation of ventilated facades in conditions of dense fog, strong wind and heavy precipitation is strictly prohibited.

Marking points for mounting brackets

Before placing the support profiles begins, you will need to mark the external area of the building for proper installation of the brackets.

When marking points, you need to rely on the manual that comes with the set of composite facade panels. By default, the vertical spacing between brackets is 50 cm.

The horizontal spacing is more variable, so it is calculated based on the width of the façade cassettes.

First, you need to make marks along the edges of the wall area intended for installation of the ventilation facade. Vertical markings are carried out using plumb lines, and horizontal markings are carried out using a level.

In this case, marks must be made with paint that will not wash off under the influence of moisture. The remaining points should be noted using a measuring device, laser level and parapet plumbs, maintaining the same interval. After this, you can begin installing the brackets.

Installing Support Brackets

Installation should be carried out in stages:

Using a construction drill, you need to drill holes at the marked points on the wall;
before installation of the brackets begins, you need to place paronite gaskets using dowels;
installation of the ventilation façade support brackets is carried out using anchor dowels, which are secured with a special screwdriver.

Installation of thermal insulation and wind protection

Arrangement of thermal insulation and wind protection is carried out as follows:

vertical slots are made in the thermal insulation for the bracket extensions, after which it is tightly placed on them;
a wind protection fabric is placed in the same way on top of the thermal insulation, which needs to be temporarily strengthened;
On top of the wind protection, openings are drilled for mushroom dowels, which are nailed in 5 places of the insulation board.

The thermal calculation diagram specified in the manual of the thermal insulation kit will help determine the required thickness of the insulation. Mushroom dowels should be nailed no closer than 5 cm to the edges of the heat insulator.

Thermal insulation is placed from the lower part of the facade, thus further insulation is carried out towards the upper part of the building.

Insulation boards are placed in a checkerboard pattern so that there are no gaps between them big size. The maximum distance between the plates should not exceed 2 mm.

It is necessary to securely strengthen the insulation during installation work, since it can easily be torn off by the wind due to the ultra-lightness of the thermal insulation material (expanded polystyrene, polystyrene foam).

It is important to know: the edges of additional plates will need to be cut with a special knife. It is not recommended to break them off by hand due to the structure of the insulation.

If thermal insulation is applied in 2 layers, it is necessary to attach the 1st layer with 3 mushroom dowels. The 2nd layer is attached according to the same principle as single-layer insulation. In this case, you will need to move the heat insulator slightly so that it covers the horizontal and vertical seams of the inner slab.

Installation of support profiles

It is necessary to insert support profiles into the grooves of the retractable brackets and secure them using special rivets. When attaching the bracket to the extension, it is necessary to place the support profile more freely, which will compensate for temperature deformation when moving vertically. The recommended gap in the joint areas is 8-10 mm.

When installing ventilated facades, you should definitely take care of the fire safety of the interior. For this purpose, fire compartments are located.

Ventilated facade: technology for installing cassettes made of various materials

Composite panels for ventilated facades are made from various materials, including ceramic granite and aluminum.

The technology for installing a ventilation façade based on ceramic granite is carried out in the following order:

Markings are made for the holes on the support profiles, where the clamps will be attached in the future.
Holes are drilled along the edges of the ventilation façade cassettes using an electric drill. Their value should be 0.25 mm larger diameter rivets.

Ventilated curtain facade - installation technology, video:

Clips are attached to the sheathing structure using rivets. At the same time, façade cassettes made of ceramic granite are being installed. They are fastened with self-tapping screws that come complete with the ventilation façade.

The installation scheme for an aluminum ventilated facade is determined based on the type of panel fastening, which can be either with or without a lock.

Before fastening the panel, you need to stick double-sided adhesive tape on the lock, which is designed to strengthen the fastener.

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware: installation technology

In this case, you need to follow the sequence when attaching the panels to the lock.

Make sure that the composite panels have a tight connection to the frame.

There should be no gaps or distortions exceeding permissible norm. All work must be carried out carefully, as aluminum is easily scratched and dented.

Price of a ventilated facade with installation

The cost of a ventilated facade along with installation depends both on the size of the area for arrangement and on the material of the composite panels.

The average price for installing an aluminum ventilated façade is 1,500 rubles/m2.

This value increases if the facade panels are made of porcelain stoneware or wood-polymer material, since their price is much more expensive than metal ventilation facades.

Laying porcelain tiles on the wall: installation instructions

The very first question that arises among buyers of finishing materials is whether porcelain tiles can be laid on walls? Many people know that this material is used for façade cladding and for forming floor surfaces. However, it is also known that this material is quite heavy. The weight of a 3 cm thick tile can reach more than 150 kg if the dimensions of the cladding fragment are 120x180 or 120x190 cm.

And yet, porcelain stoneware is not as heavy as natural stone, and its colors are so diverse that they allow you to create real masterpieces on the walls in the form of artistic cladding or panels. The scope of application has expanded recently, although the market building materials Porcelain tiles have been around for several decades.

Construction development modern designs with curtain facades provides porcelain stoneware with the opportunity to successfully compete with glass, which specific gravity, depending on the type, can even exceed porcelain stoneware by 3 times, as is the case with lead oxide glass. The ability to effectively imitate natural stone, wood, leather and other materials makes porcelain tiles an interesting material for exterior and interior designers.

Laying porcelain tiles on the wall is carried out using two technologies:

using a complex system load-bearing frame from guide profiles on which the cladding is attached. This scheme is convenient when finishing buildings using the technology of suspended ventilated facades;
finishing walls with porcelain tiles using construction adhesives.
This method is used when decorating interior walls. various rooms and spaces.

Naturally, when choosing facing fragments, various factors that will affect the coating are taken into account. Depending on this, the type, format and thickness are selected finishing material. And depending on the design project, the color of the porcelain stoneware is selected, which can be single-color, full-color, or natural materials or even represent pieces of a mosaic for decoration walls

What do you need to know about laying porcelain tiles?

Laying porcelain tiles on the wall is done in stages. Due to the fact that the material is characterized by a low degree of porosity, it does not absorb conventional ceramic tile adhesive. A truly durable and reliable installation on the wall can only be done using construction adhesive with plasticizers. When forming wall decoration, it is necessary that the glue has thixotropic ability to eliminate the phenomenon of sliding of porcelain stoneware fragments.

There are two known methods laying porcelain tiles with adhesive composition:

normal, with seams provided to prevent destruction of the coating due to internal stress of the masonry and linear expansion of the material when heated;
seamless, in which the maximum gap between the tiles does not exceed 1 mm. With this method of laying, rectified porcelain stoneware with ideal dimensions is used.

Wall cladding with porcelain stoneware is carried out with the aim of bringing the room up to standards and compliance with sanitary and hygienic rules and requirements. Typically, this finishing method is used in the food industry or medical institutions. However, today this material is widely used in the design of walls of buildings and structures of enterprises in other industries. Mainly matte or satin material is used for floors and glossy tiles for walls.

The material fits perfectly level base free from dirt and dust. An even base is a requirement that ensures the long-term operation of the coating, without cracking due to unequal internal stress.

For grouting, epoxy material is used, matched to the color of the tile. It is the grout that acts as a buffer shock absorber, allowing the cladding to expand when heated. The role of epoxy filler in tile joints is extremely important when installing a porcelain stoneware coating on top of a heated floor system. When laying on a wall, compositions with average characteristics are usually used, since the surface is practically not subjected to mechanical stress and is heated only by the air temperature in the room. Unless we are talking about lining stoves or fireplaces. When finishing them, this material is most often used, as it is resistant to high temperatures and does not lose its properties even with very strong heating.

To figure out how to lay porcelain tiles on a wall, let’s go through the steps of the instructions “Cladding walls with porcelain tiles.”

Technological features of laying porcelain tiles on wall surfaces

Wall cladding with porcelain stoneware takes place in accordance with the following sequence of stages:

Preparing the wall surface.
Marking.
Preparation of the adhesive composition.
Preparation of slabs.
Laying porcelain tiles, maintaining the same thickness of the gaps for the seams.
Removing excess mortar from the groove space.
Allow the surface to dry for the glue to dry.
Introduction of epoxy mixture into the grooves for jointing.
Remove excess mixture with a damp sponge.
Cleaning the surface of porcelain stoneware.

How to prepare the base for laying tiles?

Preparatory work for processing walls for tiles includes the following steps:

It is necessary to inspect the surface of the wall on which porcelain stoneware is placed. The base must be strong, not fall apart into layers, and not crumble. To check, you need to make intersecting lines with a trowel and pay special attention to where the lines intersect. If the base crumbles, it will have to be peeled off to a stable base.
Sand the surface of the wall so that it is even and smooth.
Using a paint roller or a regular construction brush, treat the base with a primer in order to reduce the degree of absorption of the adhesive composition.
Level the wall surface using hard putty or gypsum plaster, leveling the composition with a trowel.
Next, you need to mark the wall surface in accordance with the layout and design of the cladding. To do this you will need a plumb line, a level and a straight rod. When marking the wall, take into account the features of the chosen masonry method. If there are decorative inserts or dividing borders, then it is better to mark their placement locations with bright marks.

How to prepare porcelain tiles for installation?

The protective layer on the back side of the tile must be removed. It can be made from paraffin, which is cleaned with a spatula, or from technical wax, to remove which you will have to use warm water and detergent.

If there are sockets, switches and other elements on the wall surface, it is necessary to first make holes in the tile of the required shape with the appropriate dimensions. Porcelain tiles can be cut at home, but if it is necessary to cut the tiles in accordance with the designer’s design, and fragments of complex geometric shapes are needed, which is usually the case with elaborate wall panels, it is advisable to use waterjet cutting services. Such services are provided by companies working with stone.

You can cut holes for sockets and switches at home. To do this, you can use a “ballerina” or a circular saw. An electric jigsaw is also used, the string of which has an abrasive coating.

You can cut porcelain stoneware diagonally and cut off the excess surface of the tile using a mechanical or electric tile cutter, as well as a grinder. For this process, it is necessary to use abrasive discs for processing stone or discs for porcelain stoneware with a cutting edge height greater than the thickness of the finishing material.

How to prepare an adhesive composition for facing work?

The use of tiles whose size exceeds the 400x400 mm format requires the use of glue for large-format tiles. The greater the thickness of the porcelain tiles, and it can vary from 4 to 9 mm, the larger the layer of adhesive that needs to be applied (3-5 mm). This must be taken into account when calculating consumption and buy glue with a small margin.

If porcelain tiles will be laid on an iron, wooden or plastic base, it is better to use an adhesive composition based on polyurethane or epoxy. The adhesive properties of adhesive intended for porcelain tiles should be higher than that of adhesive for ceramic tiles.

Tile adhesive must be prepared in accordance with the instructions; the consistency of the adhesive composition should resemble sour cream.

The adhesive can be applied to the wall or to the surface of the tile, but for large-format and heavy tiles it is better to treat both surfaces.

How to lay tiles on a wall?

Finishing wall surfaces with porcelain stoneware requires professionalism and skill. The tiles are laid from the bottom to the top row, unless otherwise provided by the design project. The tile is placed edgewise to the adjacent facing fragment, pressed against the wall and moved to the place where it should be in accordance with the markings. This prevents an excessive amount of glue in the grooves between the porcelain tiles. Then the tile is tapped with a rubber hammer.

All cut tiles must be located in internal corners. Lines of tile seams in the presence of door or window openings on the wall, should be located at the same level, unless the designer decides otherwise.

How to joint grooves between tiles?

The width of the grooves between the porcelain tiles is maintained using special mounting crosses that do not allow the tiles to move closer.

Installation technology for a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware

The jointing mixture is applied after 6-8 hours. This is the time required for the adhesive to dry at a temperature of +23 degrees.

All seams are filled with epoxy jointer using a trowel, and the excess is removed with a damp sponge and the surface is wiped with a dry soft cloth.

What should you not forget?

About what needs to be done after finishing the facing work. Carefully clean the surface of the porcelain stoneware from dirt and leave for a day.

To reliably protect a building from the effects of weather factors, a ventilated curtain façade made of porcelain stoneware is increasingly being used. With its help, the appearance of the building is improved, heat saving is increased, and good temperature regulation is ensured. The design is a complex system, the functionality and durability of which depends on precise adherence to the technology for installing a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware.

This type of curtain wall consists of a frame and cladding, the role of which is performed by porcelain stoneware. In rare cases, tiles made of natural stone, metal or plastic are installed instead. The frame is made of a metal profile attached to the wall, onto which porcelain stoneware is hung. The structure is assembled using a guide profile, brackets, anchors, inserts and rivets, and when assembled it consists of the following elements:

Metal profile frame.
Thermal insulation material.
Vapor barrier and ventilation gap.
External cladding.

Preparatory work

Subsystem

Installation of the structure begins with the installation of brackets. This is the most loaded part of the system, and the stability of the entire structure depends on the strength of its fit. It consists of a fixed part, attached to the wall through a gasket, and a movable part, where a vertical profile is mounted. The parts are bolted together through an oblong hole in the moving part, which serves to adjust the length.

Almost always the walls of a building are uneven. But installation of panels requires a leveled plane, for this:

Two brackets are nailed to the upper corners of the building and plumb lines are thrown.
A cord is pulled between the brackets to check the curvature of the wall, and it is measured relative to this indicator.
The brackets are aligned with the plumb line vertically and along the length of the overhang while simultaneously fastening them to the wall. This creates an even vertical on one side of the wall. The same operation is repeated on the other side.
The remaining fasteners are mounted in the resulting plane. The first row is mounted 50-60 cm above ground level, so that a subbase is placed in this place, which is recessed to a depth of 2.5 cm.
The distance between the brackets in the horizontal and vertical directions is specified by the design and depends on the type of system.
For the lower subbase, additional brackets are installed in a horizontal position.

Porcelain stoneware façade installation diagram

Thermal insulation installation technology

After attaching the brackets, begin installing the insulation. For this:

Under the brackets, holes are cut in the insulating material board through which the metal parts pass out. After placing the insulation, the cracks are sealed with pieces of material used for insulation.
Placement of thermal insulation boards on the wall and their fixation with special fasteners with wide caps. The joint between the slabs must be filled.

If the insulation needs to be placed in two layers, it is unacceptable to combine the seams. At the corners, the slabs overlap, completely covering the corner.

Installation of vertical profile

Parts of the vertical profile are divided into 3 types:

T-shaped, for slab joints;
L-shaped, for the middle of the slab;
Corner profile, placed on the openings of windows and doors, and corners of the building.

Fastening porcelain stoneware

Ceramic slabs are fastened using clamps, which come in four types:

Single clamp side;
Double-clamp side;
Double-clamp upper and lower;
Four-clamp.

A sealing gasket is inserted between the tile and the clamp. If you install it without it, there will be no rigidity of fastening. The procedure for fixing tiles is as follows:

According to the previously applied mark relative to the “zero”, the first clamp is set and connected through a drilled hole with a rivet.
A tile is placed on it, and the next one is attached to it. All other tiles are installed using this principle.
Installation of slopes and ebbs that go under the tiles. Fire cut-offs must be installed.

A ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware is a reliable, practical and durable type of exterior covering. At the same time, its installation is complicated, which will not allow a person without experience to carry out all the operations without qualified outside help. High-quality work is impossible without a step-by-step implementation of the entire installation process in full accordance with the design documents by experienced specialists.

Installation of a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware: subsystems, thermal insulation and fastening of porcelain stoneware

Details about the installation of a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware. Fastening technology and operating principle of the system.

How to properly install a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware slabs

In many modern countries, a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware is popular - a system complex of mechanical cladding, consisting of many components. It was developed to combine aesthetics and high thermal efficiency of the external façade together.

Essentially, this is a cladding secured with cross members and racks made of galvanized rolled stock or aluminum alloy. There is an air layer between the surface of the building and the cladding. Often it is filled with insulation - thermal insulation material. The advantage of such a system is that the insulation does not come into contact with the external environment, which is why the entire building has high energy saving rates. In this article we will look at the technology for its installation.

Components of a ventilation façade

The complexity of the system lies in the multi-layer cladding for the ventilation façade; for each layer there are instructions for proper installation. Ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware and their installation technology include the installation of the following components:

Leveling layer.
Thermal insulation layer is created by attaching panels made of foamed plastic, mineral and plant fibers to the wall.
An air layer 5–7 cm thick is designed to ensure that the hinged ventilated façade inside is provided with air circulation (ventilation).
The fastening system for fastening porcelain tiles is a metal structure attached to the wall using dowels. If you need to attach porcelain tiles, then it will consist of vertical and horizontal profiles.
Fastening device - open (clamps that, after installation on the structure, partially peek out from it) or closed - steel inserts attached at the intersection of the crossbars with the racks - fastening system.
External cladding.
Joint system.

Advantages of porcelain stoneware

Let's take a closer look at the advantages of porcelain stoneware. When choosing a suitable material for cladding, attention is drawn to the fact that it must protect the building from the negative influence of the external environment; let’s not forget such a detail as its appearance after the work has been carried out. Porcelain tiles have the following properties:

aesthetic appeal;
fireproof;
fire resistance;
ease of maintenance;
weather resistance;
low water absorption;
bending resistance, increased strength;
low thermal conductivity;
easy replacement of individual parts.

Thanks to them, a curtain wall façade made of porcelain stoneware is more optimal than a façade made of other building materials.

Installation of facade made of porcelain stoneware

In general, the installation of such facades is not an easy task, and the installation of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware must be carried out by specialists. The right technology The installation of a porcelain stoneware façade has six stages. They must be completed in a clear sequence and follow the recommendations of specialists.

First stage: preparation

You need to understand that a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware slabs is a complex system complex, so the engineers took care of compiling a list of preparatory work, the order of which is established by law in the regulatory requirements “Organization of Construction Production”.

First of all, you need to think about the safety of life, the health of people passing by the building and your workers. For this:

the boundaries of the risk zone are marked at a distance of 3 meters from the building;
all materials and the place for collecting structures are placed only inside this zone;
in difficult weather conditions, postpone installation;

“Remember! Strong wind and low temperature means that you will have to install a ventilated porcelain stoneware façade later, when the weather is good.”

adhere to SNiP III – 4–80 as closely as possible.

Such advice relates more to work with multi-storey structures, but when installing a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade in your home, it is also advisable to follow safety precautions so as not to harm yourself or the residents.

Stage two: identifying points for installing brackets

To mark the installation locations of the brackets, carefully study the technical documentation - it must be done strictly according to the project developed by the engineers. It is carried out in two stages:

Lines for beacons are determined:

Lower horizontal - their extreme points are determined by a level and marked with indelible paint. Using a laser level and tape measure, intermediate points for the brackets are marked. The two extreme vertical ones along the facade - plumb lines are lowered from the parapet and vertical lines are drawn along the extreme points of the horizontal lines.

The installation points of the brackets are marked with indelible paint.

Third stage: installation

Instructions for mounting brackets:

Use a hammer drill and make holes in the wall.
Install the paronite gasket.
Install the support brackets using a dowel and a screwdriver.

Fourth stage: thermal insulation and wind-hydroprotection

At this stage of installation of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade system, the following work is performed:

The insulation board is hung through the slots.
The wind and waterproof membrane panels are hung and temporarily secured. “Remember! When installing ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware, maintain an overlap of at least 100 mm."
Drill holes through it in the wall to install disc dowels;
Mount the slabs on the starting profile or base;
Hang the slabs from bottom to top horizontally in a checkerboard pattern, trimming them as necessary; “Remember! You need to make sure that there are no gaps between the slabs.”
In the case of two-layer insulation, two or more disc-shaped dowels are fixed to the slab, and the slabs are fastened in the same way as single-layer insulation.

Fifth stage: installation of guides

Installation of vertical guide profiles on adjusting brackets:

The profiles are installed on support and load-bearing brackets;
Using rivets, the profiles are fixed to the supporting brackets;
Fire stops are installed.

Stage six: cladding

Installation of porcelain tiles for ventilated facades is carried out in the following order:

Using an electric drill, holes for the clasps are marked.
Following the drawings, install the clasps. Use rivets to attach to the frame. For installation, use self-tapping screws.

At the same time, the installation of porcelain stoneware is done in one of the following ways:

without a noticeable seam - porcelain stoneware is attached with a horizontal cut to the façade to two guides. In addition, it will reduce the load;
with a noticeable seam - in comparison with the previous one, easier to execute.

In general, installing a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware is not an easy job. But if you follow the installation procedure and do not deviate from the project developed by the engineers, the porcelain stoneware facade will reliably protect the building from heat loss and other possible threats from the outside.

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware: installation technology

How to properly install a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware slabs? Advantages and disadvantages of a porcelain stoneware ventilated facade.

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware: installation technology

For many decades, engineering and construction thought has been looking for the best way protect facade walls from the harmful effects of moisture. The result of a long search was the development of ventilated facade technology with a porcelain stoneware finish. Generally, this technology includes a whole series of works, the principles of which we will try to understand in our conversation today.

The technology for constructing ventilated facades is quite complex and does not tolerate free interpretations of certain principles underlying it. When constructing such a facade, one must strictly adhere to those rules and standards, the implementation of which is required according to the technology.

Installation of a ventilated curtain-type facade using finishing in the form of porcelain stoneware slabs

Stage No. 1 – Preparatory

To erect a ventilated façade, a number of preparatory works are required. Moreover, all work should be carried out in a certain order, which is recorded in the relevant requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological service for the organization of any construction production.

The preparatory stage should include the following steps:
- the boundary of construction work should be marked at a distance of about three meters from the walls along the entire perimeter of the building;
- All materials necessary for construction and finishing work should be placed on this site;
- here you should also equip a place for work related to assembly and installation frame structure;
- in unfavorable weather conditions, any construction and finishing work should be completely excluded.
Read also about finishing the facade with putty in addition to this material.

This range of preparatory measures is more relevant for cladding multi-storey buildings. However, it is necessary to adhere to them when arranging the facade of a one-story private house - this approach will serve as a guarantee of safety for you and your household from any force majeure situations and surprises.

Stage No. 2 – Marking walls for installation of fasteners

Before you begin constructing a frame structure, you should make precise markings on the walls of the house in those places where the support and load-bearing mounting brackets will be installed, onto which the ventilated system itself will be fixed. In this case, you must adhere to the developed design and technical documentation.

Marking should be done in several stages:
1. First, you should mark beacon lines: a horizontal line along the bottom edge of the facade and 2 vertical lines along the edges of the wall.
2. Using paint along the drawn lines, draw all the points in those places where it is planned to install supporting and load-bearing fasteners-brackets on the last vertical lines.
Stage No. 3 – Fixing fasteners-brackets on the walls of the house

The brackets should be fixed according to the instructions for installing the ventilated façade. First you need to drill holes in the wall - this should be done using a hammer drill. Then paronite gaskets should be installed in the resulting holes. Installation of load-bearing type brackets is carried out using a screwdriver and dowel anchors.

Stage No. 4. – Laying heat-insulating material and organizing protection from wind and moisture

At this stage, the following manipulations should be performed:
- the insulation is “hung” directly on the wall of the building through the slots for the supporting brackets;
- A moisture-proof membrane film should be hung over the insulation layer and temporarily fixed. Adjacent strips of moisture-proof film should be overlapped and secured, with the edge of one strip overlapping the other by at least 10 cm.
- through the film and insulation, drill holes in the wall of the building to install dowel plates;
- install the heat-insulating material - this work should start from the lowest row (starting profile or building base) and move upward;
- heat-insulating boards should be laid end-to-end, without leaving through gaps or cracks;
- if the need arises, the heat-insulating boards can be trimmed using hand hacksaw with small teeth;
If according to the project, it is required install thermal insulation material in two layers, then you need to do it as follows:
- the bottom layer of insulation is attached to the wall using dowel plates; in this case, each layer of insulation must be secured with at least two dowels;
- The top layer of insulation should be mounted in a checkerboard pattern and also secured using dowel plates.
Stage No. 5 – Installation of guides

At this stage, installation should be carried out vertical profiles to load-bearing brackets. For this purpose you need:
- install and fix metal profiles in the corresponding grooves of the supporting fasteners-brackets;
- Using rivets, secure the metal guides to the supporting fasteners-brackets.
In those support brackets that can be adjusted, the profile is installed freely, without tightening. This ensures that the profile does not deform during sudden temperature changes.

In those places where adjacent vertical guides join, a small gap should be made (7-10 mm). This is done for the same purpose - to avoid deformation of the guides as a result of seasonal fluctuations in temperature.

In addition, at this stage it is advisable to fix the cutoffs, serving to prevent fire (you should learn more about their installation from professionals).

Stage 6 – Finishing of the ventilated facade with porcelain tiles

The ventilated façade should be finished with porcelain tiles in strict accordance with the project documentation. This needs to be done in several stages:
- Using an electric drill, drill holes in the metal profile (the holes are marked in accordance with the project documentation);
- Insert clamps into the drilled holes and securely fix them with self-tapping screws to the frame profile.
Be sure to study the tips for installing a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware and get other answers to similar questions.

Installation of porcelain tiles can be done in two ways - with visible to the eye with and without seam ( We recommend studying the article on the use of façade porcelain stoneware within of this material ). The first option is much simpler to implement, the second is more complex, but the result will be more aesthetically attractive.

The seamless installation method is as follows: the tile is fixed to two adjacent profiles using a horizontal cut. In this case, the load on the frame is significantly reduced.

In conclusion, let's summarize

Constructing a ventilated curtain-type façade yourself is a rather complex process. However, if you approach the matter in strict accordance with project documentation and follow all the recommendations step by step, you can achieve an ideal result without resorting to the help of professional builders and finishers.

Properly executed façade finishing with porcelain tiles will reliably protect your home from all unfavorable natural factors on long years! Good luck with your work!

Installation technology for a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware: installation technology For many decades, engineering and construction thought has been looking for the optimal way to protect facade walls from harmful

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware - installation technology and installation features

Ventilated facade - technology for installing porcelain stoneware cladding

Ventilated façade – cladding installation technology

The emergence of a system of suspended ventilated facades was due to the fact that there was an urgent need to somehow drain and remove moisture from external walls buildings.

The fact is that moisture negatively affects even quite durable materials– under its influence, biological pests are formed, chemical oxidation reactions are activated, etc.

Installing ventilated facades completely solves all such problems - the technology works due to the formation of a layer of air between the facing material and the wall. Since such air has a different pressure than the air outside, natural circulation occurs, removing moisture and preventing stagnation of gases.

Design and features of ventilated systems

Installation of hinged ventilated facades involves the sequential creation of a multi-layer structure, which we will consider below:

The load-bearing walls of the building - all the upper layers will rest on them - this fact alone creates the need to find out in advance whether the facade will withstand the entire load. The survey will include identifying all deviations from verticals and horizontals, identifying the need for additional strengthening, identifying the degree of wear of wall components, etc.

bracket L-shaped for installation of sheathing guides

Open type fastening clamp for installation of porcelain tiles

It is recommended to use mineral wool as thermal insulation for private buildings.

Preparatory activities before installation of cladding

The technology for installing a ventilated facade involves the sequential installation of all of the above elements. However, before the main installation work, a number of preparatory works need to be carried out.

Since the profile for ventilated facades must be installed on a relatively flat surface, the first step is to level the surface of the walls.

To do this, the surface of the walls is cleaned of paint, peeling plaster, putty and other similar materials. Delaminations are cleaned in such a way that the installation of brackets does not lead to the detachment of wall fragments.

The evenness of the facade subsystem is ensured by leveling deviations from the level using putty. This way the entire structure installed on top will not warp. In addition, the heat insulator will fit tightly to the wall, which is extremely important.

Before leveling, all traces of biological pests such as beetles, mold, fungi, etc. are removed. After this, the facade is treated with special antifungal and insecticidal impregnations.

Thus, when planning your expenses, you need to take into account not only the cost of materials that will be installed on the facade, but also a variety of related materials for preparation, be it putty or various impregnations.

Next, the installation of ventilated facades involves marking for future brackets. To do this, you can use a building level, but many professionals recommend using a plumb line - with its help, the vertical is determined more accurately.

Having sketched vertical lines, taking into account the size of the facade panels, we apply horizontal markings. This completes the main preparatory activities.

Fasteners and insulation

To arrange the sheathing and install porcelain tiles, you may need the following elements

Installation of brackets for facades in accordance with the markings is carried out as follows:

Holes are drilled using a hammer drill;
A plastic or paronite gasket is placed under each bracket;
After the bracket has been installed in the desired location, it is fixed using an anchor (the screw is pressed with a screwdriver);

Installation of insulation is carried out on top of the brackets

The insulation of the ventilated facade is mounted next to the brackets:

Heat insulation slabs are hung on the wall using slots for brackets;
Each insulation board is attached to two disc-shaped dowels;
A special film is hung over the insulation, which has waterproof and windproof properties (each subsequent strip should overlap, covering the previous one by 10 cm);
Directly through this film, the insulation is attached at the rate of three more dowels for each slab.

Features of ventilated porcelain stoneware cladding

General diagram of the arrangement of ventilated porcelain stoneware cladding

The construction of a façade made of porcelain stoneware involves some of its own characteristics due to the mass of the facing material.

So, in this case it is desirable to use an aluminum subsystem for facades. If the requirements for the material are not so strict (unless it must be a corrosion-resistant metal), then the method of installing the frame should include both the construction of vertical posts and the installation of horizontal crossbars.

Vertical elements are mounted on brackets, horizontal ones - on special racks.

Otherwise, the installation of a porcelain stoneware facade is practically no different from the installation of any other curtain wall. The only point concerns the fact that fasteners for heavy ventilated structures can be installed more often, and the pitch of the frame can also be made narrower.

This measure saves the curtain panels from harsh climatic conditions, be it strong winds or even unfavorable conditions in terms of seismic activity.

Technology of installation and installation of cladding

Having completed everything preparatory work Once the surface has been cleaned and leveled, you can begin installing the ventilated façade – let’s look at the further installation technology in more detail.

Facade installation technology involves the installation of guides.

Installation of the sheathing is carried out in strict sequence

So, fastening vertical profiles includes the following steps:

Attaching profiles to load-bearing elements using rivets. There is no need to place rivets on the control brackets - this is done to compensate for micro-movements that occur as a result of temperatures;
To compensate for temperature deformations, one more detail is made: in the places where the profiles join vertically, gaps of 0.8 to 1 cm are left.
Fire stops are being installed.

Now everything is ready to install the cladding itself. Please note that the complete process of installing facades is described in the instructions - some points differ from material to material.

In any case, long panels or rectangular slabs will be attached to the frame using screws or clamps.

Installation of porcelain tiles on pre-mounted clamps

Let us describe the process for installing porcelain tile cladding:

The holes for installing clamps are marked.
In accordance with the markings, holes are made with an electric drill. The diameter is chosen to be 0.2 mm larger than the diameter of the rivet.
Clamps are installed, which are then secured with rivets. At the same stage, the porcelain tile itself is installed. Self-tapping screws are used to attach tiles to the frame.

If you want to know in more detail how the installation of ventilated facades is done, it shows all the incomprehensible points. It should be noted that self-installation should be carried out only after a thorough study of the installation technology of the purchased cladding.

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware - installation technology and installation features - Easy

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware - installation technology and installation features Ventilated facade - technology for installing porcelain stoneware cladding Ventilated facade - technology

A ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware allows for natural air circulation under the layer decorative covering. In addition, the use of this type of facing tile helps to increase the service life of the structure due to the high strength characteristics of the material. The finishing of the façade with porcelain stoneware is carried out using a special technology. In this case, the thickness of the decorative layer is much greater than when laying directly on the rough surface of the wall.

This is the name of the system of cladding an object, which simultaneously provides the ability to protect the surface from moisture and insulate the supporting structure; it also makes the walls more attractive. The curtain wall is based on a frame made of metal profiles, which can be made of aluminum, galvanized or stainless steel.

Experts believe that porcelain tiles can only be installed on aluminum construction. This option will serve for a long time, it is sufficiently durable, lightweight, and less susceptible to corrosion, i.e. the service life of the structure is increased many times over.

The supporting profile is attached to the wall using brackets. When installing tiles, it is recommended to use a hidden fastening method, then the appearance of the coating will be further improved. Between metal frame Insulation is placed on the load-bearing wall of the building. It is laid on the surface, having previously been protected from moisture, and a windproof covering must be secured on top.

Thanks to the presence of insulation and membrane materials, heat loss is reduced. However, this is not a mandatory step when installing a ventilation facade. There is an option to install a frame without insulation. This reduces the cost of finishing work, but increases the cost of heating the house. For this reason, a thermal insulation layer is still much more often included in the design of a ventilation facade.

There must be a gap between the insulation and porcelain stoneware. He is left to provide natural circulation. Availability air gap also helps reduce heat loss. Thanks to this feature, it is possible to use thinner insulation. Its efficiency will not decrease, but at the same time the costs of purchasing heat-insulating material will be reduced (the price of thin-thickness slabs is lower).

Which buildings are best suited for porcelain stoneware façades?

When this material first appeared on the construction market, it was used for finishing large commercial and administrative buildings: banks, restaurants, consulates, international hotels. Today, porcelain stoneware is used to cladding the facades of private housing, shopping centers of any size, and small offices. The tiles provide additional fire protection in areas with increased fire hazard. The facade made of porcelain stoneware makes the buildings of schools, hospitals, kindergartens (mostly private) more attractive.

Types of facing porcelain stoneware

This type of material is represented by a small number of options, different in color and texture. The tiles are divided into groups according to dimensions:

porcelain stoneware for facades of standard thickness - 10-12 mm;
ultra-thin material 3-6 mm thick.

The last option is characterized large sizes, sometimes the length of the side of the product reaches 3 m. The composition of the material does not differ from its standard thickness counterpart, however, it is produced using rolling technology. This ensures a minimum thickness of porcelain stoneware. To fasten large slabs, an adhesive method is used; in order to strengthen the structure, a special strip is used.

Products of standard thickness (10-12 mm) have the following dimensions: 600x600, 1200x600 and 300x600 mm. The most common way to fix slabs is to use a clamp. This is a fastener for hidden installation. Thanks to these elements, it becomes possible to replace a deformed section of the coating.

Porcelain tiles for ventilated facades are distinguished by texture:

polished (glossy);
matte;
rough (using the grinding method).

The choice is made in accordance with operating conditions. Thus, polished products are more often used in areas with hot climates, since this type of porcelain stoneware reflects well Sun rays.

Specifications

The facing material goes through several stages of production: pressing, firing, surface treatment. Thanks to this technology, positive coating properties are ensured, such as:

wear resistance (there are 5 classes, differing in the degree of susceptibility of the tile to mechanical stress);
lower thermal conductivity coefficient of the material compared to natural stone, which makes it possible to obtain a more effective thermal insulation structure;
frost resistance (facade tiles can withstand up to 50 freezing/defrosting cycles, thereby increasing their service life);
minimum water absorption rate (0.05%). For comparison, most types of tiles absorb moisture more intensively (up to 4.5%), and it is recommended to use material for a ventilated façade that absorbs no more than 3% of water from the total volume;
non-exposure to ultraviolet radiation (the material retains its color and properties throughout the entire period of operation);
high strength (in this parameter the material is similar to granite, but is offered at a lower price than natural stone).

Advantages and disadvantages of use

The material has a lot of positive qualities. For example, fixing porcelain tiles is carried out in different ways; the choice is made taking into account financial capabilities. In addition, the likelihood of future repairs is taken into account. If glue is used, the slabs can only be dismantled by breaking their integrity. Other benefits:

long period of operation, due to the properties of the material;
fireproof qualities;
high thermal insulation properties of insulation (due to low thermal conductivity);
easy maintenance, no need to use aggressive agents to remove complex stains, since the roughness of the tiles is small, and polished porcelain stoneware is characterized by smoothness;
Relatively simple installation allows you to do the work of installing vertical guides and plates yourself.

There are few disadvantages to this type of coverage. Thus, the increased weight of the material is noted. If large slabs are used, the supporting structure is under high pressure. In addition, the price of porcelain stoneware is higher than most modern analogues of artificial origin.

Step-by-step instructions for creating such a facade

At the initial stage, marking is made. It is necessary to indicate the beacon lines formed when drawing the bottom line and side mark, and intermediate attachment points.

Using this marking, the installation of load-bearing profiles (vertical U-shaped and horizontal L-shaped) is carried out. They are attached using brackets. When the holes are connected on 2 elements at the intersection of the profiles, fasteners are installed: screws and dowels. If you plan to install insulation, then the slabs of heat-insulating material are fixed to the wall using disc dowels before the horizontal and vertical guides are installed.

Wind protection is attached on top of the insulation - membrane material, which does not allow moisture and wind to pass through. It must be taken into account that the thermal insulation must be between the bracket and the wall. Clamps are used to fix porcelain stoneware. These fasteners are installed on profile design using rivets.

How to install porcelain stoneware on the facade. Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware slabs. Ventilated facade technology for installing cassettes made of various materials

Performance qualities of porcelain stoneware

Characteristics of porcelain stoneware as a material

Advantages of façade finishing with porcelain stoneware

Air circulation and ease of repair

Possibility of insulation

Beautiful appearance and the ability to do everything yourself

Creation project And marking

Choosing porcelain tiles

DIY tools

Installation of a ventilated facade frame under porcelain stoneware

Preparing the wall

Subsystem for ventilation façade made of porcelain stoneware

Installation of the ventilation façade frame

Installation of brackets

Insulation and waterproofing

Additional nodes and elements

Visible and hidden method of fastening porcelain tiles

What clamps should I use for porcelain tiles?

Facade fasteners for porcelain stoneware German keil bolt

Hidden method for clamping in the side cuts of the slab

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