Complete plastering of the walls. Finishing putty: how to apply it qualitatively. Video. Puttying the walls with a long spatula

We continue our series of articles about puttying walls with our own hands. Today we'll talk about spatula ordinary walls- brick or panel (but not drywall), although the process schemes are similar.

Classification and types of putties

Putties are classified into gypsum, cement and polymer.

Disadvantages and advantages of each type.

1. Gypsum based: they are low cost, they are perfectly aligned and do not shrink. As a disadvantage, low resistance to moisture can be noted here, which limits the scope of their application. Gypsum putties walls should be used in dry rooms, and their use in rooms with high humidity or with a large temperature difference is unacceptable. The cost of one bag (20 kg) averages from 250 rubles.
2. Cement: have a high degree of resistance to moisture, but their degree of shrinkage is just as high. This requires re-sanding. You can use such mixtures in rooms with high humidity, such as a kitchen or bathroom.(read the article about wall putty for wallpaper). Cement wall putties only become stronger when dried, but eventually lose their elasticity, which can lead to the appearance of microcracks. The price for this type of putty starts from about 200 rubles / bag (25 kg).
3. Polymer: have a lot of advantages: they perfectly resist moisture, do not shrink, and allow achieving high quality of the treated surfaces. The disadvantage here can only be considered a high cost - starting from 290 rubles / bag (20 kg).
4. Leveling: are intended for alignment of walls after putting plaster. They have a high grain size, good strength and an excellent degree of adhesion to the surface. The recommended layer thickness is from 3 to 20 mm. Price: from 230 rubles / bag (20 kg).
5. To obtain a perfectly smooth surface and eliminate small flaws after leveling the walls, use finishing mixes. In terms of strength, they are inferior to leveling putties. Applying them is not difficult. Recommended layer up to 4mm. The cost is from 280 rubles / bag (20 kg).
6. Universal Mixes combine the properties of finishing and leveling wall putty, but at the same time costing more - from 320 rubles / bag (20 kg). They are used on surfaces with minor flaws, because. the quality is somewhat inferior to both types.

In addition to the composition putties are divided into leveling, finishing (for example, for the last stage of putty) and universal.

Putties are available in dry form, as well as in the form of ready-made consistency. Dry putties are stored much longer and cost an order of magnitude cheaper than ready-made mixtures.

They are produced in special bags. Their preparation is not laborious: the powder is simply diluted with water using a special mixer in accordance with the instructions on the package. Of course, the use of the finished composition is much more convenient. However, if the applied layer is less than 2 mm, then such mixtures cannot be used. They also give a lot of shrinkage. Ready putty compositions are produced in special plastic buckets.

What putty to choose to putty the walls?

When asked what putty to choose for walls for wallpaper, we can say that when choosing putty, you should take into account the working conditions, the quality of the surface to be treated and the desired result. To purchase quality material, you should make purchases in branded hardware stores.

You should not go to all kinds of markets for the sake of economy. It is there that the risk of acquiring counterfeit products is high. A simple tip when choosing putty: you should pay attention to the date of packaging. It is applied to the nearest second. If you notice that the entire batch is packed in an instant, then most likely it is better to refuse such a purchase.

In general, putty has a shelf life of 6 to 12 months in dry rooms at room temperature. After the expiration date, the putty loses its properties - it stops setting quickly. When buying, you should pay attention not only to the date of manufacture, but also to the integrity of the packaging. Bags with dry mix must not be damaged, and buckets with ready-made mortar must be tightly closed.

Scheme of work with a grinding bar

Video instruction

Instructions: how to putty the walls yourself

To putty the walls with your own hands, you will need the following set of tools:

1. A drill with a "mixer" nozzle and a container for diluting the composition (required when using a dry mix).
2. Set of spatulas: small, large, angled. When working, you have to deal with different parts of the surfaces - each of them has its own spatula. Spatulas come in 20mm, 40, 60, 80, 100, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800mm. Narrow up to 80mm are used for hard-to-reach places. Spatulas with a width of 80 and 100 mm are called type-setting - with their help, the mixture is taken out of the bucket and applied to the working spatula. Spatulas with a width of 200 and 300 mm are used to level irregularities that are small in width and length. Wider spatulas are used for leveling heavily curved surfaces.
3. Rollers or brushes. They are necessary for priming walls for putty. The primer should not be skipped, as this improves the adhesion of the mixture to the surface and improves the quality of the work.
4. The rule is to be needed in places where putty is applied in a thick layer. A long metal rule is useful when leveling thick layers of putty from walls. Rules come in different lengths - 1m, 1.5m, 2m, 3m. The optimal rule is considered to be 2m long. However, convenient size Rules are best chosen individually.
5. Level for establishing test beacons (as for) before applying the starting putty to the walls. Levels come in lengths from 20cm to 2.5m. For domestic purposes, it is not necessary to buy the largest, a level from 0.5 m to 1 m is quite enough.
6. Sandpaper - for a perfectly smooth surface. It is better to purchase skins with grains from 60 to 100. Skin 60 is suitable for the base stage (less than 60 is not worth taking, because it will be too rough), and fine 100 for grouting the finishing layer (skin above 100 will be heavily clogged with dust). It is more convenient to grout the walls after puttying using a manual skinner.

Wall surface preparation

Falling layers of plaster should be removed

Before applying wall putty for wallpaper, prepare the surface to be treated. It must be absolutely clean without stains of grease, soot, paint, etc. Falling layers of plaster should be removed. It is strongly not recommended to start work if the walls or ceiling are frozen.

Before puttying the walls, it is necessary to apply a primer to improve adhesion. One layer of primer is sufficient.

Starting putty of the wall surface

The plaster is made using special beacons, which help to apply the mortar more evenly.

Starting putty is performed using coarse material ( starting putty). It is convenient to use such material with large wall differences to hide irregularities, remove strobes and holes. The thickness of such a layer applied at a time can be up to 1.5 cm. To apply subsequent layers, it is necessary to wait for the previous one to dry.

If the differences in the level of the walls are more than 5 cm, then in this case, before applying the putty, the walls are plastered. The plaster is made using special beacons, which help to apply the mortar more evenly. Before applying the plaster, the walls are primed with a special solution, and before each layer of plastering, they are additionally sprayed with water. The plaster is applied with a special spatula with a sharp wave of the hand. For better adhesion with the subsequent layer, the first layer should be slightly roughened. As a rule, all movements are performed from the bottom up. After applying the plaster, it is leveled by the rule.

Often, to obtain a high result, a special painting grid is used.

Often, to obtain a high result, a special painting grid is used. It is mounted on the wall (read good article pro), and putty is already applied on top (or plaster, if necessary). In this case, the putty fits better, and the surface becomes much stronger and smoother. The paint mesh is attached to the first layer of putty, without waiting for it to dry. The prepared piece of mesh is pressed into the still wet putty layer. After drying, a second layer of putty is applied. Thus, the grid remains in the middle of the leveling putty layer. The tensile strength of such a layer increases several times, which avoids the appearance of cracks.

Finishing putty is applied in a very thin layer, while eliminating only the smallest pores and cracks.

How to putty: finishing stage

After completion of the starting stage, it is necessary to apply finishing putty to the wall. Its main goal is to make the surface perfectly smooth and beautiful. If the starting putty was performed poorly, then using finishing mix the situation cannot be corrected. Finishing putty is applied in a very thin layer, while eliminating only the smallest pores and cracks. Therefore, before finishing, you should achieve a perfectly flat surface.

For smooth corners, use an angled trowel.

1. When using a dry mix, it is necessary to correctly prepare the solution. It should be uniform and slightly stick to the spatula.
2. With a large spatula at an angle of 30̊, apply the starting putty in small portions. Putty should be applied diagonally, making each next stroke overlap to avoid transitions and bumps.
3. For smooth corners, use an angled trowel. To begin with, with a small spatula, apply the mixture over the entire height of the corner. Then, using an angled spatula, level the surface of the corner.
4. After the starting layer has completely dried, a finishing putty is applied using a small and large spatula. With a small spatula, the mixture is applied in small portions to a large one and evenly applied to the surface. The layer thickness is about 1.5-2mm.
5. After the putty has completely dried (it takes about 12 hours), you can start finishing sanding with a fine sandpaper.

In order to putty the walls with your own hands, it is important to perform all stages of work with high quality and responsibly. In this case, you can get excellent results and save a lot on work.

Good luck with your repair!

Competent preparation of walls for all kinds of finishing work is to create a flat, smooth surface. To do this, you need to properly priming and puttying. Puttying is a no-brainer. The main thing here is to follow a sequence of actions and be able to intelligently handle tools. How to properly putty the walls yourself without resorting to the help of specialists, we will consider in this article.

How to putty the walls with your own hands. What tool is needed for puttying. If you decide to take care of the puttying of the walls yourself, you will need at least a minimal set of tools needed for this. So what tools can you do without?

1. A drill equipped with a specialized nozzle - a mixer. Often, putty is available in the form of a dry mix. Water is added to this mixture in a certain proportion. Only with a special mixer you can perfectly mix the putty mixture. As a result, a uniform putty without lumps should be formed.

2. A set of spatulas. Spatulas must be different sizes. In work, you will have to use both large spatulas (40-50 cm) and completely small ones. Since in problematic narrow areas it will not be possible to qualitatively putty the surface with a large spatula. Just for this, small spatulas are used.

3. Rollers and brushes for priming walls. The primer is pretty milestone and it is highly undesirable to neglect them. Upon completion of the primer, the surface is covered with a thin film. It not only further enhances its reliability, but also guarantees excellent adhesion of the treated surface to any facing materials (adhesion).

4. Rule. It is necessary in cases where the putty is applied in a thick layer to equalize not flat surfaces. To smooth out thick layers of putty, it is most convenient to use a long metal rule.

5. Spirit or laser level. Often the plane of the wall is quite curved. Because of this, a check is made in advance with the help of alcohol or laser level, along which beacons are placed for alignment.

6. Sandpaper. In case you wish to create beautiful wall, which is nice to look at, use small skins for mashing. For example, mashing with 240 sandpaper will allow you to get the best result. Use the smallest sandpaper only when performing finishing putty. And at the stage of starting initial puttying, it is required to rub the surface with a coarse coarse sandpaper.

7. Manual skinner. Mashing sandpaper it will come out much more convenient if you use a manual skinner. This is a tool on the handle of which there are special clamps for fixing the skin.

8. Well, of course, without a container in which putty is diluted.

What putty mixture is best for puttying surfaces and how to choose it. Separation of putty by composition: gypsum, polymer (acrylic) and cement. Let's analyze their disadvantages and advantages.

1. Gypsum putties attract attention at an inexpensive price, they lend themselves well to leveling, do not shrink. The only negative can be called poor resistance to water. This will become a significant limitation for their use in rooms with increased dampness.

2. Cement putties are distinguished by excellent moisture resistance, but they have an important defect - a high degree of shrinkage.

3. And, in the end, polymer putties. Indisputable advantages: excellent water resistance, not subject to shrinkage at all. With the help of polymer putty, they acquire excellent quality of the treated surfaces of the walls. However, at the same time, their price is quite high, which will be, perhaps, the only disadvantage of this type.

According to the purpose, putties can be divided into starting (leveling), decorative (finishing) and universal.

1. Description of leveling (starting) compositions: high strength, excellent adhesion, coarse grain. Are used: for alignment of walls after putting plaster. Application thickness: 3 -20 mm.

2. For the purpose of quality formation decorative finishes it is desirable to apply finishing putties on the processed plane. With their help, you can create a completely smooth, even surface, removing minor imperfections. The strength of the finishing putty is lower than the starting one, its processing does not cause difficulties. It is applied in a small layer up to 4 mm.

3. Universal putties combine the properties of decorative and leveling compounds. They are more expensive, but in terms of quality they are slightly inferior to finishing and starting coatings. It makes sense to use for processing walls without noticeable defects. The current market offers dry and ready-to-use putties. Dry varieties are attractive because they cost less and can be stored for a longer period. Pre-made putties are more comfortable to use. You do not need to prepare the mixture and wield a mixer. In addition, time is saved and there is almost no dirt. However, ready-made putties are valued much more than dry ones.

It should be remembered: these putties give a strong shrinkage. In the event that a layer less than 2 mm is created, ready-made putties should not be used. They have a short shelf life. It is much less than that of dry building compounds.

Wall putty. Preparation of the wall surface for putty. The main thing is to make sure that the surface of the walls is absolutely clean. Be sure to remove stains of grease, paint or soot. Naturally, there should not be any loose layers of plaster, traces of scale, wax, or parts of the formwork. Do not handle frozen surfaces. This is strongly discouraged. Before carrying out puttying work, treat the surfaces with a primer. This guarantees high adhesion (connection) of the putty composition with the walls. The primer is applied to the base using a special roller. Strive to apply the primer solution evenly without creating gaps. 1 layer is enough. There are such types of putty: finishing, lighthouse, starting. We will study in detail the qualities and scope of use.

Starting wall putty. Puttying is done using a rough starting composition. Finding it is easy. When buying, it is called that - starting putty. In order to remove significant surface defects, mask strobes, holes, it is appropriate to use this putty. The thickness of the layer of this putty, created at a time, is capable of being 1.5 cm. Give the created layers a chance to dry completely. And only after that you can continue the process and apply the next layer. For a better result, use a paint grid, and evenly place the putty mixture on it. At the same time, the walls are completely solid. The advantage of this technique is that when using a paint network, putty ideally fits on the surface of the walls. And the wall itself becomes stronger and more even. It is worth considering that the coarser the paint mesh, the smoother the treated wall surface.

Lighthouse putty surfaces. The materials are the same as for the starting putty. One difference is that beacons are used. Lighthouse - a wooden, plaster or iron lath, which is set strictly vertically, confirming the verticality with a level. Beacons on the surfaces are fixed with quick-drying gypsum mixtures, after they dry, you should go to work. Horizontally aligned in the same way. In this case, you will need a rule to smooth the putty layer. Following these recommendations, after the execution of the starting processes, a smooth surface. To make sure the work is correct, you can check the level. This type of finish is rarely used.Reason: its price is much more than the starting putty, although outwardly they are almost the same.

Finishing wall putty. At the end of the starting or lighthouse putty, proceed to the finishing putty. It is created by finishing putty mixtures. It is this putty that adds complete smoothness to the surfaces of the walls. The smallest cracks or nostrils are closed. It has great importance so that the finishing putty completely converges on a plane with a pre-prepared surface, so that it should be applied in a very small layer. Only finishing putty will not be able to correct the mistakes made during the starting or lighthouse putty. Because of this, put more effort and care into creating the most even surfaces. Only then proceed to the finishing putty. Its primary mission is a beautiful smooth wall surface. Puttying cracks in the walls. Gypsum compositions close up cracks in the walls well. Santegypsum material is much more plastic in work, but it hardens many times longer.

Recommendations of competent specialists: first of all, it is advised to slightly expand the crack, slightly increase its depth and width. When there is a need to increase its roughness, then along the entire length of the crack, scratch it with something sharp. Then coat it well with soil. And only after that proceed to the application of putty.

How to apply putty on walls.

1. When using dry putty, it is necessary to properly prepare the putty mixture.

Cooking method:

Do not pour into container a large number of water;

Add putty;

Stir with a regular spatula;

To create a uniform mixture, use a drill with a mixer, if necessary, gradually adding water.

Please note: the readiness of putty must be identified by density. It should become elastic and stick a little to the spatula. When it drips from the spatula, it shows that the mixture is too thin. To fix this, gradually add dry powder to the mixture, without stopping stirring. When there are lumps in the solution, this means that the putty is too dry. Add water in small portions, stirring well to achieve perfect uniformity.

2. We apply the starting putty. It is convenient to use a large spatula. Apply the solution in medium doses, evenly placing on the surface. Hold the spatula at an angle of about thirty degrees. Putty is applied diagonally with a single stroke. Hint: in order to insure against transitions and bumps, each subsequent layer should be overlapped.

Please note: when forming the starting coating, knead the putty in modest portions. This will make it possible to protect yourself from the formation of dried dry particles, which will reduce the quality of work. Don't worry too much if you get unsightly lines from the spatula. It will be easy to remove them with the help of further finishing with finishing putty.

3. For processing right angles, it is advisable to use an angled trowel. Method of action: first, with a small spatula, a small layer of putty is applied over the entire height of the corner or slope. Then carefully smooth the coating with an angled spatula. The drying time of the layer will be about 24 hours.

4. As soon as the starting putty is completely dry, proceed to the formation of the finishing putty. In the work, a large and small spatula are taken. Put putty on a large spatula with a small spatula in modest doses. Next, we carefully apply the putty composition to the surface. The layer size is about 1.5 - 2 mm.

5. Before you putty the wall for painting or wallpapering, wait for the created layers to dry completely. The starting and 1st layer of finishing putty must be completely dry. This process will take approximately twelve hours. Then you can apply finishing putty. 6. After complete drying, proceed to the final sanding.

Please note: For better adhesion of putty layers to each other, it is good to prime each of them before forming the next one.

How to putty walls for painting and wallpaper. Surfaces are preliminarily leveled using several layers of putty. For thick wallpaper, two layers of putty will be required. When choosing thin wallpaper, it is worth forming 3 leveling layers of putty. Thus, the surface will be as smooth as possible and when wallpapering, swelling or wrinkles will not appear. More thorough preparation requires wall decoration with paint. The paint will not mask even the slightest roughness. For this reason, to level the surfaces, it is imperative to apply a finishing putty.

The puttying procedure takes place in 5 steps:

The first thin layer of leveling putty is applied with a spatula;

With significant irregularities, two or three more layers are created;

Allow the putty to harden;

Apply finishing putty to eliminate small defects;

In order to achieve complete smoothness, the surface after complete drying is thoroughly rubbed with sandpaper.

In what cases is finishing putty necessary? Wall preparation, rules for applying finishing putty, and details of how it is sanded with sandpaper.

Why do I need puttying the walls with finishing putty

Without this work, even after scrupulous processing of the walls, flaws will remain.

If it is planned to stick wallpaper with a rough texture on the walls, then such features will be invisible.

But if it is desirable to glue silk-screen printing, or wallpaper made of fabric or with a small print, then the absence of finishing putty will emphasize irregularities and defects.

Is it necessary to apply a finish on previously treated surfaces?

It is better to apply the finishing putty, even if the wall has already been processed and seems even and smooth. If you apply a white solution to the wall, then stains will definitely not appear on the wallpaper.

Do-it-yourself finishing plastering of the walls

Finishing putty is the final work of preparing the walls. In the future, the walls are painted with paint or wallpapered.

Wall preparation

Before filling the surface, strong irregularities must be removed. It is for this purpose that the drywall constructions or plaster the wall.

For pre-treatment of the surface, starting mixtures are used.

It is convenient to use two spatulas of different sizes. One of them should have a length of up to 50 centimeters, and the second - only 10 centimeters. A small spatula will make it easy to work in hard-to-reach places and in corners. A large tool will allow you to get tired less on open areas walls.

Features of work on puttying:

1. Do not mix too much putty. Over time, it tends to dry out. The optimal volume is the amount for one hour of work.
2. Putty should be applied in several layers. Professionals apply at least three layers, which makes it possible to achieve the perfect result. The coating is durable and reliable.
3. Putty from the corner and gradually align the wall towards the center.

How to apply

If you plan to apply paint or wallpaper on the wall, then you need to apply a layer of finishing putty on top of the starting layer, as it will straighten the walls as much as possible.

Step-by-step application of finishing putty:

1. The substance is applied in a thin layer to ensure the evenness of the walls and save on costs.
2. To reduce the consumption of the mixture, it is also necessary to make the walls as even as possible when applying the starting putty.

If there is a dry mix, then you must strictly follow the instructions. Pour a small amount of water into the container, pour the building mixture, mix thoroughly. Then mix using a special mixer, gradually adding water to the container.

When working on a wide spatula with a small spatula in small portions, you need to put the finishing putty. After it is evenly applied to the wall with a very thin layer, about 1.5-2 mm.

Then wait until the layer is completely dry.

Before applying each subsequent layer of finishing putty, it is advised to coat each previous layer with a primer.

You can apply 3 layers.

After the finish layer has dried, it is necessary to level the surface with a sanding net or fine-grained emery.

First, to grind the surface, use grit 60, and then change the emery, take grit 120.

For grinding, you need to carefully examine the wall. Notice the biggest flaws. To achieve the ideal result, it is necessary to use building lights that direct a powerful stream of light directly onto the wall. This will allow you to detect any emerging shortcomings in time and eliminate them. As a result of bright light, shadows from wall protrusions or depressions become visible on the wall. These shadows must be outlined with a pencil.

The wall should be sanded, starting from the corner. Then they move from top to bottom, first cleaning a strip 1 m wide. After complete grinding of the strip, they begin to grind the next strip. They clean the wall with emery, making spiral movements. Do it carefully, without much effort. Do not press hard, otherwise holes will appear in the putty.

How much dries

There are 3 types of finishing putty for sale: based on cement, gypsum and polymers.

The composition based on cement or gypsum dries in almost the same time, but the polymer mixture dries after a longer period of time.

1. The cement-based composition is used where there is increased humidity, for example, in kitchens and bathrooms. For the facade of the building, it is better to use a cement-lime-based putty. As a rule, such putty dries for 1-2 hours, but if the work is carried out outdoors, then it depends on the season.
2. The gypsum-based composition is used in rooms where the humidity is low, its drying time is 2 hours.
3. But the drying period of the polymer putty is up to a day.

The putty itself hardens quickly, but it still needs to evaporate moisture. Therefore, a very thick layer can dry from 2 days to 2 weeks. But it is better to apply it with a thin layer of 1.5-2 mm.

What to do after drying

Then the walls are painted. You can also wallpaper them.

Is it possible to immediately level the walls with finishing putty

Finishing putty can eliminate only the most minor defects. Therefore, if the walls are uneven, then a pre-starting putty must be applied to them in order to cancel large cracks.

If in the past during repair work putty was often not carried out, today it is a mandatory process. Modern high-tech Decoration Materials allow you to do all the work yourself. At the same time, you will save on the services of professionals and get a high-quality result.

Applying the tips from this article will help you do the job efficiently and without flaws. The main thing is not to rush, and follow the application of all recommendations.

Useful video

Almost any type of wall decoration involves their puttying. With the help of putty, it is possible not only to level the walls, but also to prepare them for further finishing. In order for the result of the work to be of high quality, it is necessary to adhere to certain recommendations for its implementation. About how to properly putty the walls, we will consider further.

Do-it-yourself wall puttying: the benefits of finishing

The first and most important advantage of puttying walls is their alignment with putty mixture. As a result, it is possible to obtain an even coating, ready for painting or other type of finishing.

In addition, puttying is a fairly easy process that is quite realistic to do on your own, having studied the recommendations and technology for its implementation before that. Correct use putty and the tool with which it is applied, allows you to get a high-quality result in the form of a smooth and even surface.

There are many options for putty, which is suitable for a particular type of wall. Also, there is a putty used in ordinary rooms and in rooms with high humidity. Therefore, the choice of one or another variant of the putty mixture should be justified by individual operational characteristics premises. Also, there is putty for external works, which is characterized by additional resistance to temperature changes, moisture and solar radiation.

The use of putty before the start of wall decoration is characterized by such advantages as:

• ease of work:
• affordable cost of materials;
• obtaining a flat and perfectly smooth surface;
• speed of work;
• a variety of compositions in the field of their application.

Tools for puttying the surface of the walls

The key to obtaining a quality result in wall puttying is right choice tool used in the process. AT without fail, during the work will require the presence of:

1. Electric drill, which has a special nozzle - a mixer. Most often, putty has a dry consistency, so to dilute it with water and to obtain a uniform consistency, you will need to mix it with this tool. A special nozzle will allow you to get a high-quality mixture, without lumps and additional inclusions.

2. Spatulas in the set. For work, several spatulas should be prepared, each of which will perform a specific function. So, with the help of a small spatula, hard-to-reach places are puttyed and putty is applied to the spatula. big size. The best option large spatula for puttying walls, is 35-50 cm.

3. A set of rollers and brushes with which the ground solution will be applied. Priming is a mandatory work process before and after puttying. Since with the help of a soil solution it is possible to achieve an antiseptic effect, thereby preventing the formation of fungus and mold on the surface of the walls. In addition, the primer increases the adhesion between the wall and the putty. For its application, most often a roller is used, as well as special trays into which a soil solution is poured.

4. If putty is applied to the walls to level them, then in the process of work you will need a rule that will help you identify and eliminate all existing irregularities. The long steel rule is relevant when the walls have very large irregularities.

5. Spirit level or laser type also allow you to determine the irregularities on the walls, if any.

6. The use of sandpaper is relevant after applying each layer of putty. With its help, the surface of the wall acquires perfect smoothness and is polished. It is recommended to use medium-fine skins at the stage of starting puttying, and at the final puttying, the skin should be very fine.

7. In order to speed up the process of sanding the wall, it is recommended to use a manual skinner.

8. In addition, in the process of work, you will need a container in which the putty will be stirred.

This list of tools is mandatory for puttying walls.

The choice of materials for the wall puttying process

Putty is a paste-like material that is applied to the wall, thereby leveling it. With the help of putty, it is possible to prepare the base for further finishing.

In relation to the degree of readiness of the putty mixture, it is of two types:

1. Dry putty - requires additional dilution with water. Among its advantages we note:

• affordable cost of the material;
• the possibility of preparing a composition having almost any consistency;
• ease of preparation;
• This material is easy to transport and has a long dry shelf life.

However, dry putty needs to be done additional work in its preparation for application, so the time for puttying is increased. Ready mix It has limited time use, so it is cooked in small portions. Before starting work, you should read the instructions and strictly follow their instructions. Otherwise, the quality of puttying will deteriorate.

2. For the manufacture of a ready-made putty mixture, a latex base is used. Release form given material a - buckets or tanks. The finished solution is used for a long period of time and does not dry out. Another advantage of this composition is the absence of the need for additional time to prepare the solution. However, the cost of this material is much higher than that of dry mixes.

In relation to the main substance used for the manufacture of putty, they are divided into:

1. Cement-based putties - they are distinguished primarily by good resistance to moisture and excellent performance. Among the shortcomings, we note:

• slight shrinkage after drying;
• low level of elasticity of the coating;
• small cracks after drying.

2. Gypsum-based putty - practically does not shrink and is very elastic. However, this putty dries very quickly, in addition, it is unstable to sudden changes. temperature regime and moisture.

3. Putty on polymer base- has a high price, but allows you to get a high-quality surface after puttying.

When choosing putty for walls, you should pay attention to its fractional indicators. The smaller the putty fraction, the more flat and smooth the surface will be as a result of puttying.

In relation to the purpose of putty, it happens:

1. Starting - has high strength, affordable price, is used at the beginning of leveling the walls, is applied with a thickness of three to twenty millimeters.

2. Decorative or finishing - complete the puttying process. This putty has White color, fine grain, high strength.

3. Universal putty - combines the two previous options. It is used if the walls have small flaws.

Phased wall puttying technology

Before you start puttying plastered walls, you should prepare them for this process. If there are grease stains, wallpaper or traces of paint on the wall, you need to get rid of them. If the walls in the room are frozen, then their puttying is unacceptable. The walls in the room must be absolutely dry.

Before starting work, the wall should be treated with a primer solution. Thus, the adhesion between the wall and the putty will improve. A special roller is used to prime the wall. It is enough to apply a putty mixture on the wall in one layer and wait for it to dry completely.

The initial puttying of drywall walls is done with a rough material called starter putty. This putty allows you to get rid of large differences in walls, strobes and various kinds of holes. The application thickness of this putty is about 15 mm. Please note that each layer must be completely dry before applying the next. In order for the putty to adhere well to the wall, it is recommended to use a special reinforcing mesh, on the surface of which the putty is distributed. Puttying the wall is carried out by applying a continuous layer. The reinforcing mesh allows the putty to be perfectly fixed on the wall. This improves the strength and flatness of the wall.

Puttying the walls under the wallpaper using the beacon method involves the use of beacons, in the form of a wooden, gypsum or steel lath, exposed in a vertical direction. In order to fix the beacons on the wall, use a plaster mortar. Also, the walls are aligned in the horizontal direction. In this case, a rule will be used to align the wall. Thus, as a result, the surface of the walls is obtained, on which there are no flaws. However, this finishing option is used very rarely, due to high cost its implementation. Most often, it is replaced with a starting putty.

Finishing puttying of walls is carried out after complete drying of the starting layer or lighthouse puttying. Finishing compositions are used to perform this kind of finishing. With the help of this putty, it is possible to obtain a perfectly flat wall, without cracks, chips and pores. The application of the finishing putty is carried out using a very thin layer. If the initial puttying is of poor quality, the finishing layer will not correct the shortcomings. Finishing puttying is performed only after the perfect alignment of the walls.

In order to get rid of cracks in the walls, it is necessary to use gypsum mixtures. Since they have a certain elasticity. In order for the crack to connect well with the putty, it should be roughened.

Instructions for preparing and applying putty on the wall:

1. Prepare putty, in the case of dry materials. Combine it with water, mix until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The consistency of the putty should be such that it sticks to the spatula.

2. Use a large spatula to apply starter putty. Apply the putty on the wall, distributing it over the surface in both vertical and horizontal and diagonal directions. In order to prevent bumps from appearing on the wall, putty should be applied with a slight overlap.

3. To improve the quality of work, the solution should be prepared in small portions, otherwise dried parts will form on the wall. It takes 24 hours for one layer of putty to dry.

4. Puttying the corners of the walls is carried out using a special spatula for finishing the corners.

5. After complete drying of the starting putty, the final layer is applied. To work, you will need large spatulas small size. Layer thickness on this stage does not exceed two millimetres.

6. Before puttingtying the walls under the wallpaper, you should wait until all previous layers have dried. Only after that the finishing putty is applied.

In the process of puttying the walls, the spatula is held to the wall at an angle of thirty degrees. In order to get the perfect angle, apply a little putty mixture to the corner spatula, then evenly distribute it over the corner area.

Before you start puttying the walls under the wallpaper, you should determine the thickness and type of wallpaper. Since the amount of leveling putty that is applied to the wall depends on these indicators.

Qualitatively prepared walls for wallpaper will allow you to get a perfectly flat coating, on which there are no folds of wallpaper and air bubbles. Putty should be applied to the wall with a thickness of not more than 1.5 mm. Therefore, all cracks and potholes must be repaired in the previous step.

If, after puttying, the walls will be painted, then more attention should be paid to the preparation of the walls. Since after applying the paint, all the bumps will be visible. The leveling layer is applied very thinly. If there are defects on the wall, putty should be applied in several layers. Leave the walls to dry completely. Apply decorative layer putty and after drying, sand the coating.

In order to determine the required amount of putty, you should initially measure the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe walls on which it will be applied. More economical - the use of dry mixes. However, more convenient to use - ready-made formulations. The choice of one or another option is determined by the material preferences of the buyer.

Wall plastering video:

Puttying the walls with your own hands is not such a complicated process, but quite painstaking. Everything is important here, from preparation to finishing.
Today we will look at how to do the wall puttying with your own hands in detail. The price of the material is not high, but the responsibility of doing the work must be high.
After all, this work is quite easy to spoil a well-prepared surface.

Do-it-yourself plastering and puttying of walls is done in stages. Preview the photo on this topic and decide on the scope of the work. How to putty the walls with your own hands now consider in more detail.

In what cases is puttying the walls for painting

Puttying the walls with our own hands begins with determining the level of application of the layer. To do this, it is worth pulling the fishing line along the plane and you will immediately see the required amount of material that needs to be applied.
The first coat is a rough coat and is not that difficult to apply. The main thing is to maintain a common plane.
Immediately, as soon as the layers of the starting putty dry, the finish is applied:

• For finishing putty, gypsum and cement-sand mixture. The principle of applying finishing putty has some features. Here, applying the putty composition in thin layers, for this, a 350 mm spatula is used.

Attention: It is worth remembering that the layers of finishing putty must be applied very carefully so that cracks and stains do not appear.

• Next, you need to start plastering. Wall plastering cannot be carried out without finishing putty. In such cases, you need to plaster with sandpaper. Using paper, you can smooth out all the irregularities of the coating, while avoiding various flaws.
• The last step is the application of the primer. This must be done in order to improve the adhesive characteristics of the surface.
  If a person decides to perform the procedure for applying a primer with his own hands, he must ensure that there are no bumps or cracks. If the paint is applied to the primer, then it will last a long time.
  Immediately after applying the layers of primer, you need to give it about six hours for it to dry before you can paint.

Putty for wallpaper

To understand where the puttying work begins, watch the training video in this article. After looking at it, it becomes clear that it doesn’t matter at all whether the wall is made of concrete, or it is plastered, the very first thing you need to do is prime it.

Often, for such a case, primers are used that have the properties deep penetration(see Primer before puttying the walls - is it needed). They are applied in order to increase the adhesion of wall surfaces. In such cases, it is very important.
Do-it-yourself puttying of the walls is carried out in several layers:

So:

• After a complete finish, you need to dry all wall surfaces well. Usually 12-14 hours is enough for this, but no less. As soon as the walls are dry, the already puttied surface must be treated with fine sandpaper. How to do it correctly is shown in the video clip.
• Now you can start priming the wall again, this will be the final stage of puttying. Last layer no need to apply thickly, because it is applied in order to level the wall surfaces. As soon as it dries, you can start wallpapering (see Wall decoration with wallpaper in the correct design). You can learn how to glue it correctly by watching the instructional video.

Attention: If your plane is in a room with high humidity, then a primer is a must. It significantly enhances the adhesion of surfaces.

Wall putty for painting

The process of puttying walls for painting is almost the same as for wallpaper. But still there are some differences, because for painting the surface of the walls must be made smooth and even.
Equal is very important. Here is the number of layers. This is often not three or two layers. Sometimes, in order to achieve results, you can repeatedly approach the wall. But in such cases, the layers should not be made thick.

Attention: Each applied layer on the walls without fail must be treated with a primer, which has the property of deep penetration. In addition, each layer separately must be treated with a primer and dried to the desired level.

Therefore, this process takes a long time. And one more thing for successful work, the craftsmen advise using a spatula, the width of which should be at least 60 centimeters, when puttying the walls under painting.

Putty corners

The most difficult stage in all puttying work is finishing the corners of the room. What is it connected with?
This is due to the fact that the corners need to be processed at 90 degrees, and at the same time make sure that they are even and straight.

So:

• Professional specialists with extensive experience use a special angled spatula for such work. How to use it during operation, you can look at the photo, which shows the process instructions.
• Thanks to such a tool, it is quite easy to align the angle with your own hands in one go. Specialists have vast experience, and such angles have been leveled many times. It is quite difficult for a beginner or a person without skills to do this, so there is a simple way that anyone can do. Working with it will be easy.
• To start working according to this method, you need to fix the plaster profile on the corner. It is required to fix it before applying the first layers. According to it, you need to align the angle.
  But you can also use another option. To do this, leave a bit in the corners more material which, after drying, will need to be processed with sandpaper.

Puttying the walls with your own hands is not so difficult, it is important here just not to rush. Let the surface dry completely and prime it well. Then the made plane will not require repair for a long time.