Fire Safety Encyclopedia

Ready psychological portrait. How to make a psychological portrait of a person using an avatar

Characteristics of a person, containing a description of his internal warehouse and possible actions in certain significant circumstances. Unlike the psychological profile of a personality, a portrait is more of a qualitative rather than a quantitative description of test data. A portrait is not a graph describing the ratio of points for various factors, but a textual interpretation of this ratio of points.

A complete profile reveals information about almost all aspects of life and contains the following information:

  • Individual habits of thinking, behavior and perception of information with predicting his behavior in meaningful contexts and situations;
  • Basic personal qualities and values ​​relevant to him;
  • Emotional personality profile - which events will affect him emotionally and which will not. What "clings" and "rocks" him to emotions. What emotional experiences he is more inclined to plunge into. What are his "working" emotional states;
  • A detailed description of the picture of the world of a person and his beliefs. What he believes in and what he doubts. Basic beliefs and prejudices that affect his daily activities and interests;
  • His actual goals and the usual ways to achieve them. What are his true goals and whether they differ from the stated ones;
  • Habitual strategies of lying and hiding information. How a person deceives others and does he not deceive you;
  • Features of a person's character, his main and secondary properties. What he really is and how he appears in society. His main intrapersonal conflicts and complexes, as well as how and where they manifest themselves;
  • Familiar ways of making decisions, learning, self-motivation and creativity. How will he behave in conflict situations?
  • Leading strategies for creating and maintaining personal and professional relationships;
  • Loyalty level and risk factors. How loyal he is to the system in which he exists, and what needs to be done to get him out of it;
  • Prospects for his professional activity in the field of interest to you. Professional potential and career prospects.

Psychological picture

The main driving force behind the development of individuality is its programming properties - focus, intelligence and self-awareness. Individuality has its own internal psycho-self-awareness and self-regulation of behavior, developing and acting as organizers of behavior " I AM".

BG Ananiev represented individuality as the unity and interconnection of the properties of a person as an individual, a subject of activity and personality. Based on the assessment of personality traits, it can be compiled psychological picture including the following components:

Components of a psychological portrait of a personality

  • temperament
  • character
  • capabilities
  • focus
  • emotionality
  • volitional qualities
  • ability to communicate
  • self-esteem
  • self-control level

The development of modern psychology by the word "temperament" denotes the dynamic characteristics of the human psyche, that is, only the tempo, rhythm, intensity of the course of mental processes, but not their content. Therefore, temperament cannot be defined by the word "good" or "bad". Temperament and language is the biological foundation of our personality, it is based on properties nervous system human and depends on the structure of the human body, metabolism in the body. Temperament traits are hereditary, so they are extremely difficult to change. Temperament determines the style of a person's behavior, the ways that a person uses to organize their activities. Therefore, when studying the traits of temperament, efforts should be directed not at changing them, but at knowing the characteristics of temperament in order to determine the type of human activity. With age, only the position of a person changes - from an object of upbringing in a family, school, university, he turns into a subject of upbringing and must actively engage in self-upbringing. Let us briefly consider the main components that characterize the psychological portrait of a person. Observing other people, how they work, study, communicate, experience joys and sorrows, we undoubtedly pay attention to the differences in their behavior. Some are fast, impetuous, mobile, prone to violent emotional reactions, others are slow, calm, imperturbable, with imperceptible expressed feelings etc. The reason for such differences lies in the temperament of a person inherent in him from birth. The ancestor of the doctrine of temperament is the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates (5th-4th centuries BC), who believed that there are four main fluids in the human body: blood, mucus, bile and black bile. The names of temperaments, given by the names of liquids, have survived to this day: choleric, comes from the word "bile", sanguine - from the word "blood", phlegmatic - mucus and melancholic - black bile. The predominance of this or that fluid, Hippocrates explained the severity of a certain type of temperament in a particular person.

Types of temperaments

Sanguine

A sanguine person is the owner of a strong type of nervous system (that is, nervous processes have strength and duration), balanced, mobile (excitement is easily replaced by inhibition and vice versa). A sanguine person is characterized by an "active" type of temperament. They have a strong, balanced, mobile nervous system. This means that in sanguine people, both the processes of arousal and inhibition are strong. They cope well with mental and emotional stress, while being balanced in their feelings and actions. And the mobility of mental processes helps them to easily adapt to circumstances. Sanguine people are characterized by flexibility of behavior and high social adaptability. Below are the main characteristics inherent in this type of temperament.

  • Carefree
  • Frivolous
  • Alive
  • Active
  • Communicative
  • Talkative
  • Hard worker
  • Surface
  • Sensitive
  • Talkative
  • Friendly
  • Adaptable
  • Bright
  • Impatient
  • Irresponsible
  • Fickle
  • Flexible
  • Light
  • Happy

Choleric

A choleric, like a sanguine person, easily takes on new things, but does not always bring them to the end. In most cases, this is due to the inability to correctly distribute your forces. The choleric is very fond of various changes, while, oddly enough, he will be glad to any changes: both positive and not so. Such reactions sometimes surprise him. The increased emotionality of choleric people leads to the fact that all their thoughts are literally "written on their faces." You can easily tell when the choleric person is interested, when he is bored or annoyed, since the choleric person is unlikely to be able to hide his emotions. People of this type are dreamers, they are very attractive. creative types activities, and they are completely immersed in creativity, and it is better not to interfere with them at this moment.

  • has just an endless supply of energy;
  • mood changes dramatically and often;
  • violent outbursts of emotions occur;
  • impetuous movements, impetuosity and speed are characteristic;
  • if he takes up something, then this business becomes very important for him, a lot of energy and passion is invested in him;
  • sometimes it can be difficult to shift attention.

Phlegmatic person

A phlegmatic person refers to a balanced, inert type of temperament. The inertia of mental processes means that it is difficult to unbalance such people. But if the phlegmatic is "turned on", then it will not be possible to calm down quickly. True, in general, such people have an even mood and react little even to strong emotional upheavals.

Find your own in the qualities listed below.

  • Methodical
  • Attentive
  • Balanced
  • Passive
  • Peaceful
  • Slow
  • Pensive
  • Calm
  • Restrained
  • Relaxed
  • Inflexible
  • Measured
  • Quiet
  • Controlling myself
  • Dreamy
  • Loving routine work
  • Learns slowly
  • Persistent
  • Shy
  • Sad

Melancholic

Melancholic people have a weak nervous system. This means that such people can hardly bear a high load, get tired quickly. They have a sensitive, vulnerable psyche.

Melancholic people are characterized by emotional instability: even a slight difficulty can confuse them and cause serious feelings. Melancholic, like no other type of temperament, knows how to subtly feel the people around and the outside world. The following qualities are characteristic only of melancholic people.

  • Pessimistic
  • Sad
  • Serious
  • Nervous
  • Dreamy
  • Immersed in myself
  • Quiet
  • Restrained
  • Closed
  • Shy
  • Touchy
  • Whiny
  • Unconfident
  • Impressionable

The psychological portrait is verbal description personality, which contains the characteristics of the individual and his likely behavior under certain circumstances. detailed information about a person is needed when choosing a profession, hiring an employee for a certain position, in marriage agencies, to determine the prospects for a joint family life... A psychological portrait of a person is compiled according to the results of tests, various questionnaires (Cattell, Mehrabian, Eysenck) and communication with a psychologist.

The psychological portrait plays a fundamental role in choosing the future type of activity. Before entering educational institution, you need to find out in which area a person can achieve great success. After all, nothing good will come of it if you do something that is not to your liking.

Thanks to a well-composed psychological, interested parties can get to know a person better, understand the motives of his behavior. With the help of such a description, it is possible to identify lies, a tendency to conflict, strengths and weaknesses of character.

Many managers when hiring for vacant post testing candidates to determine the qualities and abilities of the applicants. It is important for managers to know how a person will act in a difficult situation, whether he will be able to solve problems, whether the individual has the character traits necessary to complete the task.

The psychological portrait of the child will help the teacher find an approach to his student. If adults want to reach out to the hearts of children, they need to know. Having determined the type of temperament of each child, you can competently plan the process of his upbringing.

Psychologists, at the request of the client, draw up a psychological portrait of a person in order to find a suitable life partner for him. After all, it is known that two polar personalities will not be able to build harmonious relationships. If partners want to avoid conflicts and misunderstandings, they must have similar values, a suitable temperament, think the same way and work together towards the cherished goal.

The main components of the psychological portrait of a personality

Before you outline the psychological portrait of an individual, you should find out what criteria make it up. Every person inhabiting the planet is an individual. Basic and programming characteristics are inherent in any individual. The basic criteria are temperament, character, as well as the ability of the individual. Programming criteria - focus, intelligence and self-awareness.

Individuals, depending on their susceptibility, are divided into the following types:

  1. Present-oriented.

They easily get used to any role, they know how to adapt to any situation. Make the right decisions quickly.

  1. Oriented towards the past.

They act in accordance with the established rules and laws. Good performers.

  1. Future-oriented.

May exhibit inappropriate behavior. Do not accept hierarchy. They are the authors of many ideas.

Components of a psychological portrait of a personality:

  1. Temperament.

Based on the specific features of the nervous system. Determines the behavior model of an individual. Its features are difficult to adjust. There are 4 types of temperament: sanguine (balanced psyche, flexible behavior, liveliness), choleric (emotionality, mood variability, thirst for novelty), phlegmatic (inertia, poise, shyness), melancholic (vulnerable psyche, pessimism, vulnerable nervous system).

  1. Character.

These are the original characteristics of each individual. Character manifests itself in communication and in the process of social activity. For each individual, a characteristic is drawn up based on the attitude to the following aspects of life: work (laziness, diligence), people (sociability, isolation), oneself (selfishness, modesty), objects of the material sphere (stinginess, generosity).

  1. Capabilities.

These are the individual properties of an individual. Thanks to their abilities, people achieve success in a certain area of ​​life. Abilities develop during training.

  1. Directionality.

It is based on motivation. It determines the activity and behavior of the individual. Focus is focused on a task, communication, or on oneself. Some individuals seek to satisfy their physiological needs and provide yourself with a comfortable living environment. Others seek themselves in different areas social activities, try to realize their creative abilities.

  1. Emotionality.

Its essence is the involuntary reaction of a person to external stimuli. They arise against the will and desires of the individual. Experiences about a certain situation reflect the depth of significance for an individual of various events. A strong-willed person should be able to suppress his emotions, not to show others his true feelings.

  1. Intelligence.

Determines the level of education of the individual. Depends on the knowledge gained, age, and the specifics of the profession. Thanks to intelligence, an unfamiliar situation is assessed, important decisions are made, and behavior is regulated. With the help of intellectuality, the individual adapts to the new environment, correctly builds his relationships with other people. Intelligence is the ability to think rationally and act expediently in a situation.

  1. Sociability.

Communication is an important character trait. In communication, the individual characteristics of people are revealed. Thanks to communication, information is transmitted, information about feelings, thoughts, knowledge of the subjects of the conversation.

  1. Self-esteem.

On the basis of introspection, the individual develops an emotional-value attitude towards his own person. Self-esteem can be adequate, overestimated or underestimated. An individual evaluates his own abilities, achievements, his place in society.

If you have identified low self-esteem in yourself, then you should contact a specialist, for example, psychologist-hypnologist Nikita Valerievich Baturin.

  1. Strong-willed qualities.

Character traits affect the lives and actions of people. Strong-willed individuals make decisions on their own, they are not afraid of difficulties, they are decisive and persistent. Weak-willed people are often weak-willed. Such individuals fail to realize themselves in society, although they have all

  1. Self-control.

A person's upbringing and the ability to lead in society depend on self-control. People who do not know how to control their feelings, words, behavior are not able to build friendships or partnerships with others.

  1. Ability to work together.

Different individuals have different capacities for collective work. The ability to work in a team is the ability to adapt to other people, to listen to a different point of view.

How is a psychological portrait of a person compiled?

In order to correctly draw up a psychological portrait of an individual, one should adhere to the following rules:

  • the method of studying the individual must correspond to the purpose of the experiment, the age of the person, the level of his education;
  • in addition to a personal conversation with an individual, you need to use two personality questionnaires and three projective methods;
  • according to the results of all studies, compare the data, trace their correlation;
  • create comfortable testing conditions for the examined individual;
  • to compose a portrait so that its text is understandable to people who do not have a psychological education.

What techniques are used to draw up the necessary psychological portrait:

  • the study of the emotional-volitional sphere - the SAN technique, the Spielberg, Basa-Darki, Nemchin test;
  • study of the cognitive-cognitive area - intelligence test, Veksler, memorization of 10 words, exclusion of unnecessary, equality matrix, Schulte tables;
  • examination of the interpersonal and social sphere - color test Etkind, Bales' method, Leary, sociometry;
  • study of motivations and needs - the Orel method, types of work motivation according to Gerchikov, career anchors, 14 basic needs according to Murray.

What projective techniques are used in the study of the inner world and the transfer of its content to the external:

  • drawing "house, tree, person";
  • the image of a fictional animal;
  • psychogeometry;
  • Rorschach spots.

What personality questionnaires are used to identify certain characteristics of an individual:

  • Leonhard test;
  • 16-factor Kettell questionnaire;
  • MMPI (full or abbreviated version).
  • the initials of the subject, his age, profession;
  • the purpose of the study (for example, in terms of suitability for the position held);
  • techniques that were used;
  • the behavior of the individual during testing (shaking hands, strong excitement);
  • research results;
  • psychological characteristics of an individual and a prognosis regarding his behavior;
  • conclusions, wishes, recommendations.

An example of writing a psychological portrait of a personality

Only an experienced psychologist can make a psychological portrait of any person. The specialist chooses one that suits the purpose of a particular study. In order to analyze yourself on your own, you should use simplified methods, for example, testing the personality typology DISC or socionics. Such tests are easy to find on the Internet and take online. With their help, you can find out your type of character.

An example of a psychological portrait of a personality based on questionnaires by Cattell, Mehrabian, Eysenck:

  • Nikiforova Elena, 20 years old, student;
  • character traits: sociable, has many friends, good-natured, emotional, often acts under the influence of emotions, impulsive, prone to aggression;
  • temperament: according to Eysenck's questionnaire, he is sanguine, easily meets and communicates, perfectly adapts to unusual living conditions;
  • intelligence: according to the results of the Cattell questionnaire, intelligence is above average, has abstract thinking, excellent intelligence, quickly perceives new information;
  • motivation: according to the questionnaire, Mehrabiana is motivated to achieve the set goal, that is, success;
  • emotional stability: average, easily aroused, too emotional, uncompromising, irritable;
  • communication skills: talkative, active, often distrustful, inclined to leadership, independent, knows how to behave in a new team;
  • summing up: the test results are within the normal range, you should pay attention to the excessive suspicion and inflexibility of the subject.

Psychological portrait of a person an example of writing

Alexander B., a 25-year-old young man, agreed to become a subject for drawing up a psychological portrait of a personality. He has higher education majoring in management and currently works as a sales representative of one of the commercial firms in Novosibirsk. The psychological profile was compiled after several conversations with Alexander and his colleagues and testing with Cattell's 16-factor personality questionnaire. Psychological personality portrait sample analysis of the character of a person.

Alexander is tall and has a normal build. Has the ability to prolonged physical stress. According to him, he loves to walk with a brisk wide stride, which is possibly related to professional necessity. All his movements are well coordinated, fast and precise.

Alexander's facial expressions can be called somewhat monotonous, but at the same time quite expressive, always corresponding to the emotions. He has a natural smile. Gestures, like the rest of his movements, are more expressive and more lively than facial expressions. All his movements are very simple and natural. One of Alexander's favorite gestures is the "conducting" gesture. He loves, with his hand down, with a short movement of the brush to beat off the beat, stroking his head with his hand against the hair. When it comes to business, he often diligently suppresses his mental and emotional manifestations.

Alexander B. speaks very clearly and clearly, in a rather low voice, somewhat drawn out, very clearly, expressively, with good diction. According to him, at school he took part in amateur performances, which influenced his speech and voice, but he never had the desire to continue these activities more seriously.

He does not systematically engage in gymnastics and sports. Likes to look at different games, but he rarely takes part in them. As a child, he loved games associated with risk - climbing steep, steep rocks or trees.

Strives for solitude, does not like noisy companies. Quite secretive - he prefers not to express his thoughts openly and does not show his feelings. He speaks of friends with warmth, while notes that close friends were at his institute, but now he does not often meet with them. When asked about the existence of a beloved girl, he replied that until he seriously fell in love, there were only light hobbies.

In clothes it has its own individual style, although he does not like cardinal changes, he rather supplements, deepens, improves what was previously worked out.

The character is close to sanguine. In a word, an ideal sample for composing psychological portrait of personality.

According to the data obtained as a result of testing according to the Cattell method, the following character traits prevail in Alexander B., the most developed in the personality structure: asceticism, nobility, conservatism, isolation, organization, practicality, integrity, rationalism, self-sufficiency, restraint, cooperation, patience, purposefulness, honesty.

Below is a psychological portrait of a person, an example of writing.

1. Positive tendencies in the psychological portrait of a personality

Alexander B. has a rational and practical mind. He is always calm and reserved. He likes to think and make plans about his future life, when drawing up these plans, career growth takes a large place in them.

According to colleagues: Alexander is not petty, open and simple-minded, responsible and reliable. Often shows nobility in responsible and difficult life situations, shows a firm grasp in business. He is distinguished by the efficiency and accuracy of the implementation of his plans. Plans, especially when it comes to work, almost always take a specific, completed form. Has the patience and determination that will allow him to overcome difficulties without the support of friends or family members. Unusually persistent, thorough, interested in details and specific procedures. Correct, stable and stable.

Alexander B. is distinguished by activity and adventurism, and gives the impression of a brave and decisive person, enterprising and self-confident, thinking independently.

He has adequate self-esteem, this is expressed in a sense of self-confidence, the presence of self-determination, an inner core. In behavior, this is manifested in activity, the desire to expand the field of their activities, the absence of fear of failure. Not afraid to take risky steps, take initiative. He is quite independent in his views and desires. He speaks of more experienced colleagues with warmth and respect.

In relations with others, Alexander B. is dominated by the motive of cooperation, rationalism. She is happy to help colleagues and acquaintances. His inherent healthy pragmatism convinced him of the idea that in business it is most important final result, visible, tangible and practical. He is caring for the immediate environment, knows how to convince of the validity of his actions and deeds.

2. Negative tendencies in the psychological portrait of a personality

Based on the data on the addiction to risky games and entertainment in childhood, and the unwillingness to take part in team games, it can be concluded that with a commitment to freedom in choosing an occupation, there is no need to cooperate with other people when it comes to hobbies and non-career activities.

Alexander takes his work seriously and thoroughly, he is inclined to do all the work from start to finish himself, not trusting others. After the work is completed, it is important for him to find out the opinion of others about what has been done. We can say that Alexander needs to be recognized by others about the value of what he has done. Otherwise, he loses confidence in the importance and necessity of what he is doing, and in this case, he may even lose interest in work. O is completely lost when he is complained about his work.

It is very important for him to receive precise and comprehensive instructions from the management - he must know exactly when and what to do. In a situation of unpredictable development of events in the future, as well as if a lot of unplanned things have fallen on his head, he can easily get a stressful state.

Consistency in everything, thoroughness, stability of aspirations, focus on the constant systematization of all accumulated experience and knowledge can be hypertrophied, and in turn lead to such an accentuation of character as pedantry.

He is constantly looking for the very best in life. Embraced by ideas of self-improvement, although these ideas do not affect personal relationships, but mainly concern his work and career growth... This can lead to a devaluation of what Alexander possesses at the moment.

Alexander has a desire to help others, but his actions and deeds are sometimes intrusive. The desire to sacrifice oneself for the sake of others, but precisely when it is not only unnecessary, but on the contrary, can be harmful.

Some ambition sometimes leads him to confrontation even with friends, can lead to tensions in relations with colleagues. Alexander spoke about the cases when he got into scandalous situations, while there was no fault of his in what happened.

Alexander B. is rather reserved when it comes to his relationships with loved ones and family members. It is difficult to create a trusting and emotionally warm atmosphere in communication with him. He gives the impression of a person who is interested only in those areas of activity that will lead him to professional success, career growth.

3. Ways of correcting unwanted personality traits in a psychological portrait

For a person with such psychological characteristics it is possible to recommend, first of all, attending social and psychological trainings, such as, for example, team building trainings, trainings for the formation of communication skills and abilities.

This will allow: to expand the possibilities of establishing contact in different situations communication; to work out the skills of understanding other people, yourself, as well as relationships between people; to activate the processes of self-knowledge and self-actualization; expand the range of your creativity.

From the description of a sample of a psychological portrait of a personality, it is clear that Alexander B. pays little attention to communication with close people, there is no mention of the existence in his this moment close friends or girlfriend. It is also difficult for him to take into account the dynamics of interpersonal relationships in his behavior. In this case, you can recommend attending trainings of interpersonal relations.

Good results can also be obtained individual work with a psychologist. The reluctance of Alexander B. to talk about his relationships with loved ones, about family members, the absence of serious hobbies for people of the opposite sex suggests that in this case there may be a certain internal conflict, the resolution of which will give energy, opportunities and desire for further development and self-actualization of the personality.

You can take as a basis an example of any psychological characteristic found on the Internet.

Sources:

  • Psychological portrait of personality
  • write to the psychologist

Seeming simplicity at first glance interview wrong. Asking questions, you need to be able to get the interlocutor to talk so necessary information rather than a bunch of streamlined phrases. An interview is a dialogue in which the one who asks questions.

You will need

  • list of questions, pen, notepad, voice recorder, contacts of the interlocutor

Instructions

First of all, the involvement of the reporter or interview era in the subject. If you really ask people or a specific person about his life or an event to which he became an eyewitness, then you will not have to puzzle over the list of questions. Try to avoid cliché questions like “how did you become an actor? how do you write songs? what did you feel when your last book came out? "

Before the beginning interview think about how it will look. Try to find as much information as possible on the topic. Make up sample list questions (about 10), determine their sequence. Of course, during interview questions can change places, disappear, often in the course of a conversation new ones are born questions... Keep in mind the concept of the future material, do not deviate from the planned course, otherwise it will not be complete interview rather a bunch of rambling questions and answers. If the interlocutors do not hear each other, it is not interesting either interview shit, nor interview to the subject, nor to the reader.

According to David Randall's book The Universal Journalist, questions"With a trick" betrays either an inexperienced interview era, or a reporter who is too preoccupied with his article. Ask classic, but really important questions: what? where? when did it happen? as? why? Having received answers to them, you will understand that you have key information in your hands.

Listen carefully to the answers. This will help you stay on course and deceive you with veiled phrases. Ask to clarify them, often behind them is not quite the meaning that you interpreted in your own way. The phrase “not for print” should be used as rarely as possible. To do this, stipulate all the details of the conversation in advance, and after agreeing, do not back down from your words.

Don't be afraid to sound like a fool when asking about the obvious interview of things. Remember that the information you receive will be read by people who are also interested in it. Most sources are usually willing to tell a lot more if they see someone interested in their topic.

Helpful advice

Always write down the names, surnames and titles of the interviewees on paper, and then ask them to check in person, and not by ear, what you wrote in a notebook. Do not trust such data even with the highest quality sound recording equipment.

Sources:

  • The Universal Journalist, D. Randall, 1996

Painting human- one of the difficult stages in the course of art classes. And if repeating the silhouette of a figure for many novice artists is not difficult, then not everyone can convey the facial expression the first time.

You will need

  • - paper;
  • - pencil;
  • - eraser.

Instructions

On the prepared sheet of paper, draw the markings that will help you navigate in space. Note the location of the head, the direction of gaze, and other aspects that are most significant in your case.

If you are drawing in front view, then mentally divide the face into two parts: upper and lower, draw a thin line. The eyes will be located at this level. Took a profile - draw a conditional vertical line indicating the location of the ear and separating the scalp from the face.

Mark the location of the nose, eyebrows, chin, eyes. Don't go into details, just indicate where they will be located.

Draw the hair with light movements, pay attention to significant details, the direction of hair growth, the location of the shadows.

Move to the eyes. The ability to accurately convey a glance is a real art, few venerable artists can boast of it. The cut line should be correct, so take a close look at the sitter's face (or photograph). If you draw close-up, do not lose sight of the eyelids, fine mimic wrinkles. Do not forget about the pupils, due to which you can "adjust" the direction of the gaze.

Draw the eyebrows according to the growth of the hairs - from the bridge of the nose to the auricles. Don't compare them to sausages, make them more natural.

Before drawing the nose, mark its tip. It will be much more difficult to lengthen or shorten this element in the finished drawing, so it is better to immediately bring the dimensions closer to the real ones. Some artists do not draw a nose in the smallest details, but is used to convey its shape to the shadow. This technique will allow you to avoid incorrect placement of accents.

In the company of friends, such a man is often cheerful and sociable, but at home he turns into a silent, serious and eternally dissatisfied boss. He simply cannot behave as equals in the family. A wife for him is a dumb slave who should be good at following his instructions. These particular manifestations of despotism make the family members of this person despondent and depressed.


Such men love to go shopping with their wives, because any thing must be bought under his vigilant control.


The wife of such a person is a weak-willed creature, she is tired and depressed. Children with such a father also have a hard time. He always makes them remarks: "do not run", "do not play around", "you can not", "you will manage". This type of domestic tyrant believes that the offspring should be brought up in strictness and without excesses. In the family of such a tyrant, physical violence takes place.



Portrait # 2: Narcissistic

Such a tyrant will not beat anyone. The narcissistic despot simply does not need this - he is above this commonplace. This man is simply fixated on his own person. He is generally attractive and smart.


He sincerely believes that his interests are simply unattainable for understanding by simple estimates, i.e. wife and children. These men build their relationships in the family in such a way that those around them begin to really obey them. The narcissistic tyrant builds a wall around himself, outsiders are strictly prohibited from entering his world. This person will not stoop to primitive scandals, he will simply show his contempt and will behave detached and independent.


Narcissistic tyrants love to be ill. They constantly listen to themselves, to their health. Such a man can talk for hours about his illnesses, but they are very annoyed when someone from the household suddenly really gets sick. This causes him discomfort and irritation. In his family, no one should be sick, especially his wife.




Such family tyrants are useless in everyday life. They don't stoop to do housework. They prefer not to pay attention to burned out light bulbs or a leaking tap.


Such men are cool to their children. Their children are usually very quiet and obedient. The wife should bring up their offspring so that they do not bother the pope and do not distract him from narcissism.


In sex, such a tyrant only cares about his pleasure. He doesn't care about his wife's feelings. He tries only for himself.



Portrait # 3: Submissive Slave

The most unpredictable type of tyrant. In this psychological type, a slave in love and a cruel despot get along at the same time.


He is completely focused on the desires of his spouse. For him, the purpose of life is to satisfy all her needs. True, only those desires that, in his opinion, are considered really important.


The wife of a submissive slave will never be independent. She is completely surrounded by his attention, she simply does not have freedom of choice.


Such men suffer from frequent mood swings. They are prone to prolonged periods of depression. They often even threaten to commit suicide, although they almost never implement these threats.


Everyone around him will know about his love for his wife. Children in such a family will become the main instrument. psychological impact... Dad will always remind his children how much he loves their mother, and will try to create the image of an ideal parent in their eyes. This kind of tyranny is extremely detrimental to the mental and emotional health of the family and friends of this person.


This is the worst kind of family tyranny. Such a man is extremely unpredictable, he is able to turn his woman into an eternally repentant and guilty creature, literally terrorizing her with his continuous psychological pressure.

Related Videos

Sources:

  • Calculation of a psychological portrait by the method of A. Khshanovskaya

TOPIC: Psychological portrait of a personality

Introduction

When asked what a person is, different specialists answer differently. It is in the diversity of their answers, and, consequently, in the divergence of opinions on this score that the complexity of the very phenomenon of personality manifests itself.

Almost all theories of personality are based on the assumption that personality as a socio-psychological phenomenon is an education that is vitally stable in its basic manifestations. Personality stability characterizes the sequence of her actions and the predictability of her behavior, gives the actions a natural character.

The concept of "personality" usually includes such properties that are more or less stable and testify to the individuality of a person, defining his actions that are significant for people. The feeling of personality stability - important condition internal well-being of a person and the establishment of normal relationships with people around them. If in some manifestations essential for communication with people the personality was not relatively stable, then it would be difficult for people to interact with each other, to achieve mutual understanding: after all, every time they would have to re-adapt to a person, and would not be able predict his behavior.

Based on these prerequisites, it became possible description basic personality traits, drawing up a psychological portrait of a person. And this, in turn, opens up opportunities for its systematic study, studying the manifestations of behavior in various life situations, and carrying out psychocorrectional work, in the event that such a need arises.

1. A variety of approaches to identifying personality

The main problems of personality psychology at the initial - philosophical and literary stage of its study were questions about the moral and social nature of a person, about his actions and behavior. The first definitions of personality, given by such representatives of ancient thought such as Aristotle, Plato and Democritus, were quite broad. They included everything that is in a person and that he can call his own, personal: his biology, psychology, property, behavior, culture, etc. This interpretation of the personality has its own reasons. After all, if we recognize that personality is a concept that characterizes a person and his actions as a whole, then everything that belongs to a person or concerns him should be attributed to him.

In the clinical period of personality study, the focus of specialists was specific features, moderately pronounced in almost all people, but are especially pronounced in a sick person. This definition in itself was correct for solving psychotherapeutic problems, but it was too narrow for a holistic description of a normal personality. It did not include, for example, such personality traits as decency, conscience, honesty and a number of others.

The experimental period in the study of personality is associated primarily with the names of G. Eysenck and R. Kettel, and in Russia - with the name of A.F. Lazursky. These scientists developed a technique and methodology for conducting systematic observations and an experimental procedure, in which it was possible to obtain and generalize data concerning the psychology and behavior of a healthy person. As a result of this, a theory was laid, called the "theory of traits", in which real-life factors, or personality traits, were identified, described and determined.

As a result of the active differentiation of research directions by the second half of the twentieth century, personality psychology developed a large number of different approaches and personality theories. These include: psychodynamic theories that describe personality and explain its behavior based on its internal, subjective characteristics; sociodynamic, in which the external situation is assigned the main role in determining behavior; interactionist - theories based on the principle of interaction of internal and external factors in the management of actual human actions. Each of the personality theories described in the literature and supported by practical research deserves to be taken into account and used in the search for the most complete definition of personality.

The word "personality", like many other psychological concepts, is widely used today in everyday communication. However, when using this term, usually no strict distinction is made with the concepts of "person", "individual", "individuality". Some psychologists believe that any adult is a person. According to K.K. Platonov, personality is a specific person or subject of the transformation of the world on the basis of his knowledge, experience and attitude to it. With this approach, the question of the difference between the individual and the personality is practically removed. According to A.V. Petrovsky, a personality in psychology denotes a systemic quality acquired by an individual in objective activity and communication and characterizing the degree of representation of social relations.

In our opinion, the most generalized one can be considered the definition given by R.S. Nemov: Personality is a person taken in the system of his psychological characteristics that are socially conditioned, manifest in social connections and relationships, are stable, determine the moral actions of a person that are essential for him and those around him.

2. The concept of a psychological portrait of a personality

The approaches to personality structure are different in different theories. In the theory of Z. Freud, this is the unconscious, consciousness, and superconscious. In social learning theory, these are abilities, cognitive strategies, expectations, values, and behavior plans. Some theories deny the existence of a stable personality structure. Most researchers studying this phenomenon include in the structure of personality: abilities, temperament, character, volitional qualities, emotions, motivations, social attitudes.

Abilities are understood as individually stable properties of a person that determine his success in different types activities. Temperament includes qualities on which a person's reactions to other people and social circumstances depend. Character contains qualities that determine a person's actions in relation to other people. Volitional qualities encompass several special personal properties that affect a person's desire to achieve their goals. Emotions and motivation are, respectively, experiences and motivations for activity, and social attitudes are beliefs and attitudes of people. These concepts are relatively constant in humans and in their totality represent a psychological portrait of a person.

Some researchers (Kudryashova S.V., Yunina E.A.) offer a slightly different idea of ​​the psychological portrait of a person.
They include:

1) socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, education, occupation);

2) socio-psychological characteristics (needs, motives, attitudes towards others, levels of understanding);

3) individual and personal (attention, memory, type of thinking, psychosomatic type or temperament).

Let's consider a psychological portrait of a person using a specific example.

3. Drawing up a psychological portrait using a specific example

Alexander B., a 25-year-old young man, agreed to become a subject for drawing up a psychological portrait of a personality. He has a higher education in management and currently works as a sales representative for one of the commercial firms in Novosibirsk. The psychological profile was compiled after several conversations with Alexander and his colleagues and testing with Cattell's 16-factor personality questionnaire.

Alexander is tall and has a normal build. Has the ability to prolonged physical stress. According to him, he loves to walk with a brisk wide stride, which is possibly related to professional necessity. All his movements are well coordinated, fast and precise.

Alexander's facial expressions can be called somewhat monotonous, but at the same time quite expressive, always corresponding to the emotions. He has a natural smile. Gestures, like the rest of his movements, are more expressive and more lively than facial expressions. All his movements are very simple and natural. One of Alexander's favorite gestures is the "conducting" gesture. He loves, with his hand down, with a short movement of the brush to beat off the beat, stroking his head with his hand against the hair. When it comes to business, he often diligently suppresses his mental and emotional manifestations.

Alexander B. speaks very clearly and clearly, in a rather low voice, somewhat drawn out, very clearly, expressively, with good diction. According to him, at school he took part in amateur performances, which influenced his speech and voice, but he never had the desire to continue these activities more seriously.

He does not systematically engage in gymnastics and sports. He likes to look at different games, but he rarely takes part in them. As a child, he loved games associated with risk - climbing steep, steep rocks or trees.

Strives for solitude, does not like noisy companies. Quite secretive - he prefers not to express his thoughts openly and does not show his feelings. He speaks of friends with warmth, while notes that close friends were at his institute, but now he does not often meet with them. When asked about the existence of a beloved girl, he replied that until he seriously fell in love, there were only light hobbies.

In clothes, he has his own individual style, although he does not like drastic changes - rather, it supplements, deepens, improves what was previously developed.

The character is close to sanguine.

According to the data obtained as a result of testing according to the Cattell method, the following character traits prevail in Alexander B., the most developed in the personality structure: asceticism, nobility, conservatism, isolation, organization, practicality, integrity, rationalism, self-sufficiency, restraint, cooperation, patience, purposefulness, honesty.

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