How to spray grapes with folk remedies. Grapes: leaf diseases, photo and treatment, folk remedies. Viral diseases of the vine

Gardeners often have problems due to grape diseases. If you allow a delay in treatment, then you can be left not only without a crop, but also without plants. That is why, when the first signs of grape diseases are detected, the fight should be started immediately. However, in order to prevent the very manifestation of the disease, experienced gardeners recommend regularly carrying out preventive work.

Soda and potassium permanganate in the treatment of grapes from diseases

Processing grapes with soda and potassium permanganate is an excellent preventive measure. Also, these substances help to cope with the early signs of the disease. Gray rot is a disease that affects young clusters, leaves and shoots. Gray rot actively develops at high humidity and low temperatures... Regular baking soda helps to cope with this disease. She exterminates caterpillars, cleans the leaves of the plant. Protection against powdery mildew can be the constant spraying of grapes with baking soda. It is necessary to carry out procedures until the signs of powdery mildew completely disappear.

Potassium permanganate can also cope with powdery mildew. However, this remedy will not destroy the disease, but will only help to stop its development. The substance acts instantly, leaves no traces on the berries. Potassium permanganate is used most often during the ripening period of berries, when other types of processing cannot be used.

Benefit and harm

The benefits of potassium permanganate:

Processing plants before planting with a weak solution of potassium permanganate will help protect them from pests. To prepare the solution, you need to take 200 milliliters of water and one gram of potassium permanganate.
Potassium permanganate - good fertilizer... If you mix boric acid and potassium permanganate, and then dissolve the resulting composition in water, you get a good foliar feeding.
A solution of potassium permanganate is used with success by gardeners for processing grape plants from oidium.

The harm of potassium permanganate

This substance must be used with caution. You should not get too carried away with the processing of plants with this tool.

Excessive application of potassium permanganate can lead to the degeneration of plants, an increase in their incidence, and a decrease in soil fertility.

The benefits of soda

Treatment of plants with a soda solution rejuvenates them. The solution is prepared as follows: a teaspoon of soda, a teaspoon of Epsom, half a teaspoon of ammonia are diluted in a bucket of water. Then the plant is sprayed with this solution.
A positive side effect of treating plants with soda is the disappearance of weeds. All weeds under the plants disappear if they are regularly treated with a soda-based solution.
If, during the ripening period of grapes, the berries are processed, then this will give them sugar, improve their taste.

Soda harm

This substance does not cause any harm to plants. Gives the berries a rich, sweet taste.

Instructions for the use of soda and potassium permanganate

Treatment of grapes with soda from gray rot:

With minor lesions of the plant, 70 grams of soda will be required per bucket of water.
Add two teaspoons of soda to a liter of water, vegetable oil, dishwashing liquid. This composition must be applied with a spray bottle to infected plants. Processing must be carried out in cloudy, dry weather.

Soda from oidium:

Spraying with a solution should be carried out constantly. To prepare the composition, you will need 1000 milliliters of water and 4 grams of soda.
Dissolve 4 teaspoons of baking soda and 19 grams of soap in a bucket of water. Apply the composition to plants once before flowering, and then 3 more times with an interval of a week.

Potassium permanganate from oidium:

As a quick help to plants, they are treated with a composition of 5 grams of potassium permanganate and 9 liters of water.
If the plant is already sufficiently affected by powdery mildew, then the amount of potassium permanganate in the solution must be increased to 4 grams.

During the ripening period of berries, use chemicals unacceptable. During this period, a solution of potassium permanganate can come to the rescue. After the berries ripen, experts advise to process the plants more by strong means that will help destroy the disease, and not just muffle its development.

Iodine in the processing of grapes

For the prevention of mildew in grapes, iodine is used. This disease manifests itself in rainy, cool weather. In order to prevent the development of this disease, plants should be treated for preventive purposes. Otherwise, if there is a damage to the grapes, it will be impossible to cope with mildew without chemicals.

Benefit and harm

The benefits of iodine are undeniable. It not only helps to protect the grapes from diseases, preserves the harvest, but also enriches the berries. This is of no small importance, since most of the products that people consume have low levels of this substance in their composition. Which, in turn, leads to iodine deficiency in the body.

However, no matter how useful iodine is, it should not be abused when processing grapes. Excessive intake of this trace element can adversely affect plant growth.

The use of iodine

Iodine from gray rot:

Oidium in most cases affects bunches of grapes. To protect them, the berries should be treated with a solution of a liter of water and a milliliter of iodine. The first treatment must be carried out when the berries reach the size of a pea. The second is during the period when the berries begin to ripen. In this case, bunches of grapes must be dipped in a solution or carefully processed with them.
Mix a liter of whey and a milliliter of iodine. Thoroughly treat the infected plant surface. For preventive purposes, the solution is applied to the grapes once a week.

Iodine from mildew

Mix a liter of milk, 19 drops of iodine, 9 Trichopal tablets with 9 liters of water. It is necessary to process the plant for preventive purposes, without waiting for the manifestation of the disease. The frequency of processing is once every 11 days.

With the help of substances available, safe for health, it is possible to maintain and increase the yield of grapes. Iodine, soda and potassium permanganate will help to cope with dangerous diseases of grapes when the use chemicals unacceptable, for example, during the ripening period of berries. In addition, these substances are an excellent alternative for preventive treatment of plants.

Generations of hardworking winegrowers have developed folk remedies fight against ailments and pests that threaten the well-being of plantings. Such methods of treating diseases are still used today. They are used in conjunction with modern chemicals.

Aphids are one of the pests of grapes

Pests

Malicious arthropods are frequent guests on the leaves of protected plants, this is clearly signaled by spots and drying leaves. For prevention and treatment, growers treat the bushes with both chemicals and natural solutions. Below is a list of the most common small monsters and how to deal with or prevent them from appearing without resorting to industrial chemistry:

Aphid. Small pests a couple of centimeters in size. From their proboscis, the plants become frail, the leaves curl and die off, growth stops, and sweet discharge appears on the leaves. Pests enter the plant on the back of their "ants", this is another outward sign the appearance of pests. Due to insects, the bushes become defenseless against viral diseases. Aphids are especially troublesome for grape seedlings. Insects begin their feast with tender and young parts of the plant.

Chemicals destroy not only aphids, but also thin out the ranks of their natural enemies. It is better to use folk remedies.

The first stage in the fight against aphids is rinsing with water. If it does not work out, you can use a soap or ash solution (300 g of soap or ash per 10 liters of water).
A decoction of wormwood or tobacco, dandelion, citrus peels, celandine, hot pepper and yarrow works effectively. An infusion of onion peels, chopped garlic or tomato and potato tops works. Take a large amount of tops or husks, pour in hot water and leave to infuse for several days.

Infusion of onion peels is effective against aphids

Phyloxera is a notorious variety of aphids and also a scourge of vineyards. The problem of summer residents on a global scale. Once this pest devastated at least 6 million hectares of plantations: the owners could not find effective methods of control. The grape aphid is extremely fertile. There are two types: the green variety prefers the leaves, and the brown one prefers the roots. If you do not fight with their gluttony about a bountiful harvest, you can forget, and soon the bushes will also die. Phyloxera spreads along with seedlings and stems, wind and water.

Prevention of phylloxera consists in examining seedlings and destroying planting material at the slightest hint of the presence of an unexpected guest. The insect loves loose soils and, to avoid trouble, grapes are planted on sandy, clayey soil.
Parsley acts on phylloxera, like garlic on vampires, if planted under bushes.
The best way to fight is to flood the vineyard.

Phyloxera doesn't like parsley

Leaf roll. A butterfly, which, like people, positively evaluates the taste of grapes and considers them to be good food for their caterpillars. Leafworms lay their eggs on grape leaves and shoots. Having hatched, the pest cubs crawl all over the bush and gnaw out the buds and leaves.

The leafworm is attracted by baited traps. The bottles are hung between the bushes and filled with wine, sugar and vinegar. The winged creatures, enchanted by scents, voluntarily drown themselves and reduce the harm from their invasion.
Another way to save the crop is tobacco dust, which is used dry, as a decoction or fumigating bushes with it. Treatment in a folk way: tobacco waste is infused in warm water, diluted with water and laundry soap is added to the solution in the ratio (100x10x40).
From caterpillars feeding on leaves, spraying with wormwood broths helps - the grass is boiled in water, filtered and the affected plant is treated for a week until no trace of insects remains.

Spider mite. Cobwebs the place of residence, for which it got its name. Leaves bitten by this insect turn yellow or red, depending on the variety, gradually dry up and end their life with a sad fall. As a result of the activity of this malevolent creature, the taste of the fruit deteriorates.

The tick is capable of inflicting exorbitant harm to the plant, but it cannot oppose anything to an abundant downpour. Spraying with natural formulations of dandelion, garlic or onion husks, he also does not like. Take 100 g of husk (500 g of dandelions or heels of garlic heads), dilute in 5 liters of water and leave to infuse. Then the anti-mite spray can be activated.

Caterpillars gnawing a leaf of grapes do not like the taste of wormwood.

Treatment of diseases

Sap-sucking arthropods are not the only threat to growth and yield. A neglected ailment, treatment not taken in time are the causes of catastrophic losses not only of fruits, but also of bushes. The methods used by winegrowers to cope with diseases are associated with the use of modern medicinal preparations. But this is far from the only way to improve the health of grapes.

Mildew. The most destructive of all fungal diseases. It was first discovered in North America, from where it spread to Europe and the vineyards of the CIS.

Mildew develops in a humid environment with frequent rains and warm weather. When choosing seedlings, this fact should be taken into account.

The first symptom of the disease is oily spots on the leaves with a white bloom. The disease is complicated with the appearance of necrosis: the affected organs turn yellow, dry up and fall off. Inflorescences, ridges, including flowers and berries are affected. They can be saved by applying the following traditional ways prevention and treatment.

Mushrooms arise in fallen leaves and move from it to nearby poor fellows. To prevent infection, fallen leaves should be removed;
Bushes need access to fresh air and airing, the only way to make the desire come true is to remember to regularly thin out the shoots;
Wet surfaces are the natural habitat of malicious organisms and wet foliage of a plant involuntarily contributes to the creation of their black deeds. Only the roots should be watered, protecting the upper part of the bushes from water. Drainage grooves will help in this matter;
A decoction of garlic (75 g per 10 liters of water) or horsetail can be used to process bushes, instead of chemical solutions;
Dill will scare off the infection if you plant the latter on guard around the protected treasure.

Dill planting will protect the vineyard from mildew

Oidium, she - powdery mildew... Another of the most common misfortunes that can be fatal for grapes. Just like the previous misfortune, it comes from America.

The symptom of the disease is strange behavior and appearance shoots. They begin to grow slowly, sprinkled with ash dust, and the foliage looks "unkempt", curly.

The berries dry out or burst. If you do not take action, the entire crop can die. The fungus develops within a week, especially quickly in high humidity and hot weather.

Like mildew, oidium loves dense growth. Pruning is the main prevention of the disease.
Tinctures will help from the disease: milk mixed with water (in a ratio of 1 to 10). Soda ash mixed with liquid soap and water (40 grams per 10 liters). A solution of potassium permanganate (take 5 grams per 10 liters). Spray the plant with the resulting substance.

Milk and water - a remedy for powdery mildew

Gray rot affects all green organs of the bush. This guest is stubborn and is not going to leave even with the onset of winter. His favorite weather is cold and humid. At this time, he climbs on young shoots, especially those that do not have enough air and covers the plant with a gray dusty coating. The fungus especially likes the bunches, which after a short time turn into a lump of indefinite shape and color. Gray rot does not approve of dry weather, therefore, during this period, it is forced to be satisfied with berries. The inflorescences affected by it die off, and the fruits rot.

Remove old and dead leaves and those that have already fallen off, and those that still spoil the appearance of the grapes. Fallen foliage is a source of infection, do not forget about it;
Mulching is a helping hand against various problems. Protects from the fungus.
The first organs at risk are parts of the plant damaged by grafting. The second are flower stalks bent to the ground. In one case, a careful look will help, in the other - supports made of wire or other material.
Damaged leaves and berries are a "problem area" of a plant, which is removed immediately to avoid a fatal infection.
Instead of pesticides, treatment can be carried out with a solution of iodine (up to 1 ml) and water (1 liter). Method of application: generous spraying during the growth and ripening of berries.

Traditional remedies for the treatment of diseases have both disadvantages (not as deadly efficiency as that of special drugs) and advantages. Among the latter: the absence of toxic components (after all, the hero is a fruiting plant and its berries should be safe for internal use). And the relative cheapness: the ingredients for the solutions are easy to find, and cooking does not require special culinary knowledge.

We create wine, not grape juice, and what is left in the wine is just as important as what is added to it.

Jacques Boissneau

selomoe.ru

Not only are grapes often susceptible to various diseases (viral, bacterial, fungal), but it also attracts pests who are not averse to feasting on them. But that's not all. The grapes suffer from conditions (either weather or soil). Each year, losses amount to at least a quarter of the total harvest. If everything is left to chance and measures are not taken in time, then you can lose half of the harvest. To prevent this from happening, let's get acquainted with special folk remedies that will not only save your harvest, but also do not reward it with a share of chemicals (in the article "What grapes are sick with" you can read in more detail about the main diseases of grapes and their symptoms).

A method of dealing with powdery mildew, or powdery mildew

Method number 1

Mow herbs. Then put it in a pile and leave it for a while. When the grass turns gray and moldy inside, put it in a bucket of water. Get in the way. Strain the infusion. Sprinkle them on the grapes. Repeat the procedure throughout the summer if necessary.

Method number 2

Take 2-3 kg mullein (no bedding) and stir it in 10 liters of water. Leave the mixture to infuse for 2-3 days. Then strain. Add one teaspoon of urea. Spray this mixture on both sides of the leaves.

Method number 3

Potassium permanganate (5 grams), mix with 10 liters of water. Spray the plant with this solution.

Method number 4

Take 1 liter of milk (or whey) and mix with 10 liters of water. Spray the plant with this solution.

Method number 5

Dissolve soda ash (30-40 grams) in 10 liters of water. Add 40 grams of liquid soap. Spray the plant with this solution.

A way to deal with mildew, or downy mildew

Method number 1

You will need 1 liter of ash. Sift it. Fill with 10 liters of water. Insist for about a week. Strain the resulting infusion. Sprinkle it on grape leaves. It is necessary to carry out this procedure every 10 days, best of all from the second half of the summer. Not only will this infusion protect the grapes from disease, but also the bunches will begin to ripen faster, and the harvest will be sweeter.

Method number 2

Take 5 grams of potassium permanganate per 10 liters of water. Spray the underside of the leaves. Then, on a damp surface, treat them with sieved ash.

A way to deal with gray mold

Method number 1

You will need 0.5-1 ml of iodine (regular from the first aid kit). Mix it with 1 liter of water. The first time should be processed when the berries are just growing, but this is provided that an outbreak of rot is noticed. Carry out the second treatment during the ripening of the berries. Spray the bunches thoroughly with this solution, you can even dip them into it.

garden8.ru

Fight against grape diseases. How to deal with grape diseases

So that your vineyard will always delight you with an excellent harvest of sweet and fragrant berries, you need to work hard, because all kinds of grape diseases can in no time deprive you of not only pleasure, but also peace. Below we will talk about the most common diseases affecting fruiting plants, and discuss how to deal with them correctly.

There are different and enough effective methods curing vineyards, however, is much easier to simply avoid contamination, and there is no better doctor than prevention. Most of the harmful bacteria have the ability to spread very quickly, destroying everything in their path, both leaves and berries. Therefore, without a trained eye, you can be late with treatment and lose not only the harvest, but the entire vineyard.

Diseases of grapes: types

If you are a young winegrower and still do not know how to independently identify grape diseases, then you can easily learn this skill by looking at a number of photos on specialized resources for summer residents. The illustrations of plants affected by diseases of leaves and lianas in the photographs demonstrate in sufficient detail the signs of one or another ailment of the vineyard.

Mildew and methods of dealing with downy mildew

Mildew infestation usually occurs during the growing season. The rapid spread of fungi contributes to high humidity air. Mushrooms infect both leaves and inflorescences. A striking distinguishing feature of the development of a fungal disease of the vineyard is the appearance of a whitish bloom on the surface of the foliage. The diseased areas either dry out quickly or rot.
The most dangerous time for the defeat of the vineyard with mildew is May and the beginning of summer. At this time, the mushrooms are just going through the incubation period, and the high seasonal soil moisture and air temperature contribute to the rapid development of this disease.
Mildew mushrooms wait out the winter in the soil, and with spring raindrops or the first gusts of wind they fall on awakened plants. These bacteria are very fertile and grow rapidly, the population of its species slows down only at significant temperature indicators of the air or together with dead vines.
In order to prevent serious consequences for the vineyard when infected with powdery mildew, it is necessary to weed the site in time, ensure the ventilation of the vineyard and spray with Bordeaux liquid.
An already infected bush or individual vine is extremely difficult to cure, try to prevent the spread of the fungus.

Bacterial cancer of grape bush

Bacterial cancer of grapes is practically not amenable to treatment, so only competent prevention will save your vines and crops from this serious disease.
When buying seedlings, carefully examine the root system for the presence of bumpy growths. These may well be the rudiments of an incipient tumor. bacterial cancer... I think there is no need to explain that such seedlings cannot be bought, even trying to plant is not worth it.
If you find a suspicion of a diseased plant on a plot with a vineyard, you will have to quickly and mercilessly part with it. Otherwise, you risk losing not a single bush, but the entire vineyard. Moreover, in place of the removed affected bush, it is not recommended to plant a new one. young plant a few more years.
Most often, the disease affects the plant during planned pruning, so carefully treat the working surface of the tool with a manganese solution.
Cancer gradually spreads to the entire bush, the danger is that its manifestations cannot be noticed visually for a long time. It all starts with a drop in the yield of a vineyard or individual vine. The bush gradually weakens, and only then cancer growths appear and the plant inevitably dies.
In addition to buying already infected seedlings, the disease in the vineyard can develop when pathogens are introduced directly into the soil, for example, during its processing, during the grafting period, during cuttings or pruning.

Odium and methods of dealing with the disease

Odium, called an ashtray among gardeners and amateurs, is associated with ash due to a bloom of dark gray, which has a persistent putrid odor.
Areas of the plant with a deficiency favor the rapid development of the disease. sunlight and hot, dry weather. This is fungal disease, which inevitably affects the grapes and leads to their drying out. They stop growing in size, the skin becomes hard, and the berries crack.
IN winter time the fungus feels great and persists in incubation period in infected buds and branches of grapes, and with the onset of heat instantly spreads throughout the plant.
To combat this type of fungus, there are several effective drugs, such as Strobi, Vectra, Quadris, Flint and Topaz. To remove the disease from the vineyard, the vine must be treated with a 1.5% solution of colloidal sulfur. Such manipulations with shrubs must be carried out at least 4 times a season. The first time while the grapes have not bloomed yet, the second time - immediately after flowering and again a month later, as well as in the first decade of August.
Vineyards are commonly affected by odium as a result of hot, dry weather. This is mostly mid to late summer. The fungus grows especially actively as a result of a sharp change in weather from arid to too wet.

Escorioz: fighting black spot

Escoriosis or black spot also refers to fungal diseases that cause irreparable damage to the vineyard. This ailment manifests itself with the arrival of the summer season. During this period, black distinct spots are formed on the vines, which quickly increase in size and infect the vines one after another.
Oval dark spots on the leaves have a characteristic white border. The berries affected by this ailment turn dark purple and acquire an unpleasant taste.
Often, escoriasis, starting on weak young vines, gradually spreads to mature and strong shrubs. The bark begins to rot, and the plant loses strength and slowly dies.
Black spotted vines are difficult to treat and are often easier to remove quickly from the vineyard. Also, a solution of the fungicide Euparen will help to reduce the intensity of the spread of the disease.

Anthracnose is a harmful fungus

The spores of these bacteria affect the extremely young green foliage of grapes, namely shoots, inflorescences and clusters.
Diseased foliage is covered with characteristic brown spots, which increase over time. They turn brown, necrosis of green tissues occurs, and holes appear in the leaves. At the same time, brownish or purple spots with dark edging appear on the grapes.
The harm from anthractosis is manifested in a decrease in the productive area of leaves. Affected foliage falls off, diseased shoots die, and berries taste sour because they lack sugar.
Plants that get sick with anthractosis during the demi-season do not tolerate wintering and drought well.
Control methods are the removal of diseased leaves and vines, which are immediately burned. Including after the isolation of infected bushes, it is important to ensure sufficient ventilation of the remaining plants in the vineyard.
You can fight anthracnose with the same means that are used during the treatment of grapes for mildew.

This disease occurs as a result of metabolic disorders in plants. This is mainly due to the unsuitable soil for grapes.
The foliage on the bushes quickly turns yellow, and the vines grow poorly. A significant area of damage to the plant leads to its death.
Chlorosis usually affects vineyards that are planted on soil with an increased amount of lime, or too wet soils.
To normalize the situation, experienced winegrowers carry out drainage activities for drying groundwater... If the composition of the soil has an excess of lime, then it is treated with antichlorosin. It is poured directly into the holes, up to 40 cm deep, which are made near each bush of the vineyard. Usually, 5 liters of diluted product is enough for an average number of plants, but if the bushes are strong enough, you can increase the dose at your discretion. The leaves and branches of the bushes must be sprayed with the same solution.
Poor soils must be fertilized to avoid chlorosis.
Get to know in detail and in detail with various diseases grapes, you can see what the affected leaves and vines look like by watching numerous video reviews of their ailments. The video also demonstrates in detail step by step how to prepare solutions for plant treatment, and how to properly spray the vines with chemicals.

Preventive treatments for grapes

I hope you are convinced that vineyard diseases have severe consequences that are difficult to get rid of. The struggle for the harvest is difficult and requires a lot of effort. The best prevention of all the diseases described above and the guarantee of the health of vineyards will be precisely the measures to prevent infection.
You need to start this process even before the kidneys wake up.
Having removed the shelter from the overwintered branches, treat them with a 3% solution of Bordeaux liquid. To do this, add 300 g of copper sulfate to a 5 liter bucket of water. At the same time, dilute 300 g of fresh lime in another bucket of the same displacement. Combine both solutions, and be sure to liquid with copper sulfate poured into the milk of lime, and not vice versa.
A properly prepared solution can be checked with an ordinary iron nail. When dipping it in a solution, copper should not settle on it.
When everything is ready and tested, strain the composition and pour into a sprayer. It is necessary to irrigate all plants without exception and always from all sides, both young and old vines from roots to very tips.

Protection of grapes: means of control and their purpose

Preparations for the prevention of diseases in the vineyards are biological and chemical. Both are used with equal success.
Biological agents include: Lepidocide, Trichodermin Gaupsin and Aktofit, which effectively help destroy bacteria. Their advantage is the absence of intoxication for humans, however, these drugs are completely expensive, and work with their use is quite laborious for owners of large plantations of plants.
It is more efficient and more practical at a price to use chemicals and pesticides, both for the purpose of prevention and as measures to combat the recovery of vines. When choosing a drug from numerous products on the chemical market, pay attention to their harmlessness to grape leaves and berries, low toxicity to humans and lethal force for pathogens.
Classification of pesticides by direction of action:

fungicides - kill fungi;
bactericides - fight against pathogenic bacteria;
insecticides - kill insects;
acaricides - fight ticks;
herbicides - destroy weeds.

Chemicals are contact, systemic and combined.
Systemic drugs include drugs to fight diseases. From the surface of the sprayed leaves, the medicine penetrates inside and, together with the juices, saturates the entire plant, including new shoots.
Systemic drugs include chemicals such as Topaz, Fundazol, Topsin-M, Baylon and Strobi.
Contact means are used to process only the green elements of the plant. The most widely used pesticides of this type are Rovral, Bordeaux liquid and Omite.
Combined drugs are called drugs that combine the properties of the first two. The most common of these is Ridomil Gold.
There are an infinite number of medications against diseases and pests of grapes, before using any of them, remember that pests can adapt to a changing environment, so periodically change the means of treatment and prevention, and you need to choose an alternative from a different group.

Folk remedies for combating grape diseases

In addition to viral and bacterial infections, various pests like to feast on grapes. Part of the harvest each year is lost due to unfavorable weather conditions, to which the vine is very picky. In addition to chemicals, there are also folk methods that help save vines and bushes from infection, keeping crop losses to a minimum.

Powdery mildew

You can fight powdery mildew with the following formulations.

Consider a way to deal with downy mildew.

Remedy 1

Pour 1 liter of sifted ash with 1 bucket of water. Leave the composition to infuse for a week.
After a week, strain everything and spray the vineyard.
Repeat this procedure every ten days starting from mid-July.
This infusion acts not only as a protection against infection, but also accelerates the ripening of the bunches, and also increases the sugar content of the berries.

Remedy 2

Dissolve 5 g of manganese in a bucket of water.
Prepare the amount of ash based on the area of the vineyard. Sift it first.
Sprinkle this composition on the underside of the leaf, and then sprinkle the prepared ash on the still wet leaves.

Gray rot

If you notice gray rot, take 0.5 - 1 ml of pharmaceutical iodine and mix it with 1 liter of water.
Treat the bushes with this tool as soon as the berries begin to appear.
Then re-process the bunches during the ripening period with the same composition, and separately dip the bunches into the solution.

In order for the vineyard to please the owner with a good harvest, you need to constantly look after it. It is not enough just to plant seedlings. Vineyard care is a whole range of different activities from early spring to late autumn... If you do not carry out timely and competent pruning, the vineyard will turn into impassable bushes. It is necessary to monitor the load on the vine, extra bunches must be removed, otherwise the berry will not reach full maturity and will be sour. It is necessary to ensure that the bushes have enough air, break off the leaves that interfere with the sun in a timely manner, tie up the vines and mint the shoots. Disease control of the grapes will preserve the bushes and ensure a good harvest. Remember, it is cheaper to prevent grape diseases than to cure them.

gid-str.ru

Grape cure: recipes of our ancestors

The vine is equated with the child. And the point is not at all that care is required for a grape bush, he loves the warmth of his master's hands and a respectful attitude. Each grower will confirm that grape diseases are very similar to human ones and arise due to the fact that the grower pays little attention to his pet. As soon as the bush gets sick, the person tries to cure it. But few people know that treatment can be carried out both with the help of dosage forms (spraying with special solutions) and using alternative methods of treatment.

Treatment of grapes can be carried out using folk methods.

Does this really exist

Probably, it was from those times that recipes for the treatment of grapes with folk remedies have come down to our days. It is possible that they have changed a little, but their essence is to help the grape vine.

How to protect against insect pests

Natural substances have always been better and do not harm the quality of the crop so much

Before talking about diseases and their treatment, let's remember about pests, which are abundant. They eat leaves and berries, damage the root part underground and above it, they destroy processes and flowers during flowering. They provoke the appearance of spots, cobwebs and other unpleasant moments. Most often, growers try to apply various solutions chemical origin, but still, if you think about it, natural substances have always been better and not so harmful to the quality of the crop.

When small green hobbits appear (many call them because of the proboscis), the grapes wither quickly, the leaves gradually curl, dry out, and growth stops. It is clear that if the aphid appeared during the appearance of the berries, the development of the bunch is out of the question. Most often, aphids infect shrubs, but after it viral diseases appear. The grapes are so weak that they cannot simply fight. It was much worse when aphids hit a still very young vine. The chances of her recovery are very small - the seedling simply dries up or dies due to fungal diseases.

rinse clean water... It is not advisable to use cold water... Just put it in a bucket and put it on to bask in the sun. So the water can not only warm up, but also settle;
then we process it with a solution with the addition of soap or ash. Add 300-350 g of the ingredient of your choice to a 10-liter bucket;
if that doesn't work, try wormwood or dandelion tea. Also used is an infusion of tobacco, citrus (only crusts), celandine. Sometimes onion skins or garlic water are more effective against many pests, and not just aphids;
if your vineyard is attacked by phylloxera (the fight against it is taking place on a global scale), before starting treatment, determine which of the species it belongs to: aerial or root. In order to avoid this literally as soon as the grapes were planted (or during loosening), sow parsley right under the root and around the bushes. It is better, of course, if the parsley is found throughout the garden and orchard. It does not take up much space, but protects all the vegetation of your site.

If affected by a grape mite, the vine should be treated with onion or garlic broth.

Leaf rollers have always loved to feast on grape leaves and shoots. Their offspring will gladly settle on your bush and invite all their relatives to them. In order not to use chemical compounds, it is recommended to use baits. Their composition: wine + sugar + vinegar. Also, a soap solution will show excellent results and protect the crop from pests.

If affected by a grape mite, the vine should be treated with onion or garlic broth. Recipe: For 5 liters of water, you need 100 g of onion husks or squeezed garlic. You do not need to boil, but it is enough to insist for 12 hours. Daily application will rid your garden of many insects, including mites.

Diseases and their treatment

Insects are not only a threat in the sense of eating leaves and shoots. After them, the plant is very weakened and, as a rule, any disease affects the shrub.

Diseases of grapes and their treatment can be avoided if you heed the advice of experienced gardeners and winegrowers. They are not only engaged in breeding new varieties vine, but at the same time they are developing new types of plant protection so that they can help at any time. As long as the advantage remains with the garlic infusion, onion peel and a weak solution of manganese. But all the same, it is better to prevent the disease than to cure it later and look for new ways of solving problems.

Sow parsley and dill seeds throughout the garden. If in the following years there will be a lot of greenery, it can be thinned out.
When working in your garden, process all your inventory with a manganese solution. Even closing on winter period your scissors or rake, do not forget to grease them with potassium permanganate.
Always make sure that there is no debris around the grapes in the form of fallen leaves, berries, and other things.
Always trim.
Grapes do not like waterlogging. Therefore, it is necessary to be careful with watering.
The shrub really needs your care and the warmth of your hands. Just talk to him and you will see that the vine will respond to you with a bountiful harvest.

Whether or not to follow all these tips and apply or not, all folk recipes everyone's business. But if the ancestors managed to preserve their harvest and be successful in the grape business, then why not try a more profitable way to preserve the harvest.

How the absence of all kinds of diseases affecting their favorite crops would make life easier for gardeners. Unfortunately, there is no escape from them - you only have to fight steadily and courageously. Today we will consider grape diseases - photos and how to treat... The advice of experienced gardeners in this matter is always especially appreciated by farmers.

Unfortunately, not all grape diseases can be cured. Some of them do not lend themselves to the action of any of the known and safe means for humans. Almost all fungal diseases respond well to treatment, but it is almost impossible to rid grapes of bacterial and viral infections.

Learning to distinguish grape fungal diseases

Mildew

This disease is well known to gardeners and, as it occurs most often. Its second name is downy mildew... By affecting the plant, the fungus causes the appearance on the leaves yellow spots and gray bloom. Without proper intervention, culture quickly disappears.

In the photo, a fungal disease of grapes with mildew

Oidium

Downy mildew is a little less common. The second name of the disease is powdery mildew... Manifestation - gray bloom on leaves and berries. The disease develops in hot weather, and if left unchecked, it will lead to cracking of the berries. In a few years the vineyard will disappear completely.

Anthracnose

On the picture dark spots anthracnose

Alternaria

The disease mainly develops in the spring. It affects all aerial parts of the plant, only on the berries it appears with white spots, and on the rest of the parts - brown or silver. Affected berries spoil quickly.

Cercosporosis

Escorioz

On all aerial parts of the bush, the fungus causes the formation of black spots. The affected peduncle often dries up and breaks off.

In the photo escoriasis grapes

Apoplexy

This disease is caused by fungi, and the death of the plant occurs as a result of the release of a large amount of toxins. The second name is esca... Most often appears at the height of summer. With an acute form, the bush disappears in a matter of days. The chronic form lasts several years, and it can be recognized by the white spots on the lower leaves.

Gray rot

A fungal disease that can affect any aerial parts of the grape bush. The affected areas are covered with a fluffy coating of gray. Most often, brushes hanging to the ground are infected.

White rot

Plaque white covers the berries of the plant. Over time, they completely change color and fall to the ground. The appearance of the disease is most often provoked by mechanical damage to the bush.

In the photo there is white rot of grapes

Black rot

Fungal disease, manifested by purple spots on berries and leaves. As the disease progresses, the patchy area increases.

Armillarosis

With the defeat of this fungal disease in grapes, leaves turn yellow and roots turn brown. With the onset of autumn, the affected plants are covered with yellow mushrooms.

Verticillosis

In this case, the fungus leads to yellowing of the leaves and the rapid death of the shoots. The fungus remains vital for up to 5 years.

Bacterial diseases of grapes

Bacterial cancer

This is the name of a dangerous and untreatable disease caused by bacteria. Manifestation - growths on the vine. In the first two years, the yield will sharply decrease, and in the future, the affected plant will completely disappear. This is one of the incurable diseases of culture. It is better not to plant grapes in this place for the next two years.

Bacteriosis

Wrinkled dark pink patches appear on the berries. The impetus for their education is scorching sun.

In the photo bacteriosis of grapes

Bacterial necrosis

Black spots with a clear brown outline are formed on the berries, the shoots dry out.

Sour rot

Viral diseases

Experienced gardeners know how dangerous viral diseases are. Since they do not respond to treatment, the affected vine bushes are advised to be completely removed. The only way to protect your vineyard from them is to acquire a sustainable crop variety.

Common viral diseases include:

marbling of leaves,
patchwork mosaic,
leaf vein necrosis,
chlorosis- discoloration,
short node- dwarfism.

In the photo chlorosis of grapes

Viral diseases are extremely difficult to diagnose. They have in common character traits: cracking of wood, deformation of leaves and a change in their color, falling off of inflorescences, slow development of the plant.

In addition, there are a number of non-infectious diseases that arise due to inappropriate conditions or lack of nutrients... They can manifest themselves in different ways: spots on the leaves, developmental delay, drying out of bushes and berries, shedding of berries, etc.

How to treat grape diseases?

Once you've learned how to recognize grape diseases, it's time to find out. effective ways deal with them. The best thing to do preventive measures which consist in proper care... Some experienced gardeners carry out preventive spraying of the bushes, but most prefer to grow grapes without the use of chemicals.

In cases of damage to bushes, the question is posed quite differently: either to lose the vineyard completely, or to try to save it with the help of chemical products. In such situations, experienced gardeners usually choose the second option.

What fungicides (preparations against plant fungi and bacteria) have shown themselves to be on the good side?

Mildew... Spraying with such preparations will help from this fungal infection: Rodimol Gold, Strobi, Polychom, Arcerid, copper oxychloride, Bordeaux liquid.

Oidium. The following fungicides will help in the fight: Topaz, Strobi, Acrobat MC, Horus, Tiovit, colloidal sulfur, Karbis Top.

Alternaria Bordeaux liquid helps to cope well.

Cercosporosis. It is best to use a Bordeaux mixture in this case.

Escorioz. Experienced gardeners use benzophosphate and Bordeaux liquid to combat.

Processing grapes in June after flowering

General principles of processing grapes in summer

June is usually hot with frequent dew and rain. It was at this time that intensive growth of the vine and accumulation in bunches occurs. nutrients... But also, this period is ideal for the development of fungal diseases, which pose a particular danger to the vine. Therefore, the processing of grapes after flowering is of the greatest importance in the development of the plant and the preservation of its productivity.

For the treatment of diseases of grapes, both folk remedies are used, which are more gentle, and are suitable for processing during the ripening of bunches, and special chemicals used for severe infection. Most effective protective measure processing of grapes with soda and potassium permanganate is considered. But since potassium permanganate is rarely found in open sale, then it is replaced with iodine.

For preventive purposes, treatment is carried out four times per season:

at the time of growth of shoots;
when buds appear;
after flowering;
when forming bunches.

If the plant is heavily infected, folk remedies are unlikely to help, so it is recommended to immediately apply chemicals. But before processing the grapes after flowering with chemistry, it is necessary to correctly identify the disease so as not to harm the culture and the environment.

After rain, spraying is carried out no later than a couple of hours. If this is not possible, it is recommended to use cyclic machining. The use of folk and chemical agents is recommended in the evening, when the heat subsides, in calm weather, the foliage should be dry.

No processing is carried out in August. If the plant could not be saved in June and July, then with a later spraying, pesticides begin to accumulate in the berries. Therefore, if the grapes are severely affected by fungi, you will have to remove all the fruits from the vine, and abundantly treat the bushes with fungicides.

The use of soda for processing grapes

Soda is the best safe remedy from gray rot (Latin Botrytis cinerea). This disease develops actively in damp cool weather. In addition, treating the grapes with soda will get rid of the caterpillars and help clean the leaves. Regular spraying will protect the bushes from oidium (Latin Oidium).

Gray rot recipe

When the damage to the bush is insignificant, it is enough to prepare a mixture: 7 teaspoons of soda for 6 liters of water. But if the disease has covered large areas of the plant, dilute one tablespoon in a liter of water: sunflower oil, dishwashing detergent, soda.

The composition is applied by spray in the evening, in dry weather.

Processing grapes with soda from oidium

Dissolve half a teaspoon of baking soda in a liter of water. Spray every 2-3 days until the leaf surface begins to peel.

An effective remedy for the prevention of infection is prepared as follows: dissolve 20 grams of soap, 2 tablespoons of soda in 6-7 liters of water. Apply once before blooming; and with a similar solution, repeat spraying the grapes three times after flowering, with an interval of 7-10 days.

Rejuvenating the grape bush

Soda is of great benefit to the plant, as the treatment has a rejuvenating effect. After processing, the grapes are less likely to get sick and are damaged by pests. The solution is prepared as follows: a teaspoon of soda, Epsom salt (Epsom salt or magnesium sulfate), and 15 drops of ammonia are added to 6 liters of water.

Another plus of using baking soda is getting rid of weeds. If they are constantly sprayed with solutions under the vine, they will disappear. Processing berries at the time of ripening to improve their taste, make them sweeter.

Processing grapes in June with iodine

Iodine is very useful for plants: it protects against infections, helps to increase yields, and enriches the composition of fruits. This is very important when the iodine content in most of the foods we eat is low. However, it is not recommended to abuse this substance when processing grapes, so as not to harm the plant.

Iodine is an excellent prophylactic agent against mildew (lat.Plasmopara viticola). Previously, grapes were treated with soda and potassium permanganate to protect grapes from this disease, but today this remedy is not always available. Timely spraying with iodine solution helps prevent the development of the disease. In case of severe infection, it is recommended to use only chemical preparations.

Recipe for iodine solution from fruit gray rot

To protect the bunches, use a solution: a milliliter of iodine per liter of water. Berries are processed. For the first time spraying grapes after flowering is carried out, the year the berries grow the size of a pea.

The second time at the time of ripening. The bunches are placed directly in a container with the product, rinsed thoroughly.

Vines infected with gray rot are treated with a solution of soda, but you can also use another folk remedy: 1 ml of iodine per liter of serum. For preventive purposes, it is necessary to spray every seven days.

Prevention with mildew iodine and Trichopolum

In this recipe, you can also use potassium permanganate (1.5 grams per liter of water). A solution is being prepared to protect grapes from mildew as follows: dissolve 9 tablets of Trichopolum in a liter of warm milk, add 20 drops of iodine; mix the finished product and dilute with 9 liters of water (a full 10 liter bucket is obtained). Carry out processing every 11 days.

The use of chemicals

More recently, growers have used only Bordeaux liquid, a solution of ferrous sulfate. Today there are many effective means... Let's figure out in more detail how to spray grapes after flowering?

In addition to traditional means you will need: fungicides and insecticides. From the tools you need to prepare: a bucket and a good sprayer (sealed, with a well-functioning pump, and a high-quality sprayer).

Processing one week after the end of flowering:

Prophylaxis against powdery mildew and mildew fungicides: Hom, Kuprozam, Tiovit Jet, colloidal sulfur.
Suppression of the development of pest larvae with the help of insecticidal preparations: Bi-58, Omayt, Neoron, Confidor.
Foliar dressing for the growth and development of leaves, bunches.

Activities two weeks after flowering:

Prevention of infections with systemic fungicides: Vectra, Strobi, Topaz, Quadris, Mancozeb, Ridomil Old. Spraying is carried out on dried leaves.
Top dressing is leaf.

Grape processing in July:

Prevention of gray rot with strobilurins: Azoxystrobin, Dimoxystrobin, Kresoxim-methyl, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin (pesticides with synthetic substances that replace natural fungicides).
Potassium foliar feeding.

You can read about feeding grapes after flowering in our material.

To maximize the protection of plants and prevent the spread of diseases, it is necessary to monitor the population of harmful insects.

How to treat grapes from pests

In June, it is necessary to process grapes from spider mite(lat.Tetranychus urticae). For this, you can use acaricides: Envidor, Amitraz, Pyridaben.

From the leafy phylloxera of grapes (Latin Dactylosphaera vitifoliae) there are no effective chemicals, since the pest quickly mutates and develops resistance to them. It is recommended to use vaccinations for phylloxera-resistant rootstocks.

For the preventive treatment of grapes in the summer, you can use Mospilan and Plantafol. These drugs do not allow harmful insects to reproduce. Therefore, it is recommended to add them to solutions at each spraying of the vineyard against diseases.

Before using the preparations, carefully read the instructions for their preparation. It is better to process plants in the evening to exclude sunburn.

Outcome

If you have successfully coped with the diseases, and got a good harvest of grapes, after harvesting, all bushes must also be treated with fungicides in order to reduce the risk of developing powdery mildew in the fall. By regularly treating plants from pests and diseases, you can harvest an excellent harvest every year. For convenience, it makes sense to create a calendar of grape treatments, and mark all the necessary activities in it.

Treatment of grapes can be carried out using folk methods.

How to protect against insect pests

Before talking about diseases and their treatment, let's remember about pests, which are abundant. They eat leaves and berries, damage the root part underground and above it, they destroy processes and flowers during flowering. They provoke the appearance of spots, cobwebs and other unpleasant moments. Most often, growers try to use various solutions of chemical origin, but still, if you think about it, natural substances have always been better and do not harm the quality of the crop so much.

rinse with clean water. It is not advisable to use cold water. Just put it in a bucket and put it on to bask in the sun. So the water can not only warm up, but also settle;
then we process it with a solution with the addition of soap or ash. Add 300-350 g of the ingredient of your choice to a 10-liter bucket;
if that doesn't work, try wormwood or dandelion tea. Also used is an infusion of tobacco, citrus (only crusts), celandine. Sometimes onion skins or garlic water are more effective against many pests, and not just aphids;
if your vineyard is attacked by phylloxera (the fight against it is taking place on a global scale), before starting treatment, determine which of the species it belongs to: aerial or root. In order to avoid this literally as soon as the grapes were planted (or during loosening), sow parsley right under the root and around the bushes. It is better, of course, if the parsley is found throughout the garden and orchard. It does not take up much space, but protects all the vegetation of your site.

Diseases and their treatment

Insects are not only a threat in the sense of eating leaves and shoots. After them, the plant is very weakened and, as a rule, any disease affects the shrub.

Diseases of grapes and their treatment can be avoided if you heed the advice of experienced gardeners and winegrowers. They are engaged not only in breeding new varieties of vines, but also at the same time developing new types of plant protection so that they can help at any time. While the advantage remains with the garlic infusion, onion peel and a weak solution of manganese. But all the same, it is better to prevent the disease than to cure it later and look for new ways of solving problems.

Sow parsley and dill seeds throughout the garden. If in the following years there will be a lot of greenery, it can be thinned out.
When working in your garden, process all your inventory with a manganese solution. Even closing your scissors or rake for the winter, do not forget to grease them with potassium permanganate.
Always make sure that there is no debris around the grapes in the form of fallen leaves, berries, and other things.
Always trim.
Grapes do not like waterlogging. Therefore, it is necessary to be careful with watering.
The shrub really needs your care and the warmth of your hands. Just talk to him and you will see that the vine will respond to you with a bountiful harvest.

Whether or not to follow all these tips and apply or not, all folk recipes are a matter for everyone personally. But if the ancestors managed to preserve their harvest and be successful in the grape business, then why not try a more profitable way to preserve the harvest.