A septic tank made of blue barrels is airtight. How to independently make a septic tank from plastic barrels at their summer cottage? Preparation of everything necessary for construction

Sewerage simply cannot be without a sump, and people use various materials to build it. Someone builds it out of brick, someone does it with iron. concrete rings. But most the best option for arrangement is the use of polymer containers specially designed for this.

If you accepted final decision to make a septic tank from barrels for giving with your own hands, then you need to start with planning, namely creating a scheme, but before that you should develop a specific plan that would describe:

• sources of wastewater, for example, a sink, a sink, a shower, a bath, a bath;
• the way in which pipes will be connected and laid inside the house;
• the place of their withdrawal to the street;
• highway laying path;
• type of sewer and its location.

When installing a septic tank in the country with your own hands, the scheme is the document that needs to be given Special attention. It is important not only for permitting authorities, but also for home owners. Because, in this way, you can easily understand which one and in what quantities you need to purchase. consumable, and in what order to assemble.

Do-it-yourself rules for the construction of a septic tank for sewerage

To obtain permission to build a structure with your own hands, you need to draw up a scheme that would meet all sanitary and building codes. The main requirements are formulated in documents such as SNiP, they are:

• the diameter of the pipes to be connected (it must be 110 mm);
• slope of sewer pipes (2.3 cm for every 1 m of pipe);
• volume of containers;
• distance from outbuildings;
• pit depth and attachment features.

In order to understand how far from the house a barrel should be installed, you need to know about some requirements.

For example, you can not place a septic tank at a distance of less than 5 meters from the cottage, because it will be unsafe, and besides, unpleasant odors can enter the house.

But this does not mean that the container must be installed at too great a distance. The fact is that the longer the pipeline, the more difficult it is to ensure its uninterrupted functioning.

As for the distance treatment plant to a well or well, then it should be such that water from the drains does not enter the aquifers. This can be avoided by providing a large distance between the cleaning structure and the water source. It all depends on the presence / absence of filter soils.

It is better to place a do-it-yourself septic tank from barrels in a place where the ground is soft, which will facilitate digging a pit.

To outbuildings on the territory land plot must be at least 1 m, so that in force majeure situations the foundation is not washed away.

We must not forget about the regular cleaning of the chambers from solid particles, and for this it is necessary to ensure the free passage of equipment - vacuum trucks.

As it was said, in order to correctly draw up a diagram, it is also necessary to determine how large the chambers will be.

It all depends on how much effluent is generated during the operation of plumbing fixtures. And it depends on the number of people living in the house, at the rate of 200 liters per inhabitant. In addition, you need to consider that guests can come. But you do not need to install a barrel of too large a volume.

Do-it-yourself septic tank from barrels for summer cottages: installation and installation

The first stage of construction, although not very difficult, is very laborious, because you need to properly prepare the foundation pit.

It is better to use the services of an excavator for this, then the pit will turn out correct form and desired depth.

It is very important to level and compact its bottom.

After that, pour out a layer of sand, which will serve as a shock-absorbing pillow. Even better if concrete mortar is used.

If necessary, in the article you can find many visual photos how the system is installed.

Dig a hole for the septic tank from the barrels. Seal the bottom and cover with rubble

Do-it-yourself septic tank from barrels in the country, namely its installation, requires materials such as:

• plastic barrels;
• crushed stone of fine fraction (1.8-3.5 mm);
• geotextile;
• sewer pipes with a hole with a diameter of 110 mm;
• drainage pipes and connecting corners.

We make a hole for the flange. A sewer pipe will be connected there. Holes on the sides of the barrel must be made if the groundwater is CLOSE (for connecting drainage pipes).

The holes on the left and right do not need to be made if you are making a stand-alone system of 2 barrels (the second barrel without a bottom). These holes must be made if you decide to equip the septic tank with a filtration field. And it is necessary if the groundwater is at a depth of less than 1.5 meters (i.e. very close).

It must not be forgotten that the cleaning plant of this type forced to come into contact with water, and so that the sewer does not cause many problems, it is necessary to ensure proper thermal insulation. This must be done at the stage of installing tanks and laying pipes.

When insulating a station intended for sewage treatment with your own hands, you need to make sure that when the tanks are placed in the pit, at least 1/3 of its part is outside the freezing zone.

The rest (top and sides) is insulated with special materials, such as foam flex, expanded clay, isol, foam sheets or mineral wool. The layer depends on the depth of the bookmark, most often 5 cm is enough.

Tip: Despite the leakage inside the tanks during anaerobic processes, ventilation must be provided at such stations.

The fact is that the filtration of wastewater should be not only mechanical, but also air. But if the waterproofing of the septic tank has not been carried out, then you can not bother with this, because the air exchange in the chambers will be carried out autonomously.

Step-by-step photo instructions for installing and assembling a 1-chamber septic tank from a barrel (in this case, a cleaning station is not used)

Construction of a soil treatment plant

The installation scheme of the structure also includes a filtration well. It is necessary to ensure that the settled water is cleaned to the maximum of different type contaminants and impurities. In order for the work to be organized correctly, you need to follow these rules:

1. as a filtration well, you need to use a barrel without a bottom, in which to make additional holes;
2. before installing the container on the bottom, you need to pour sand there so that its layer reaches 50 cm, and then crushed stone 30 cm. As for the diameter of the backfill, it should be 50 cm wider than the sides on all sides;
3. after installing the container, it is filled with crushed stone by a third of its volume.

The second barrel should be without a bottom and it is used as a soil cleaning station (in this case, holes for pipes in the second barrel are not needed)

If groundwater is close, then you will have to make filtration fields using drainage pipes (it is necessary to make holes in them for aeration). In the picture above, you can see additional holes in the second barrel.

Septic tank maintenance

The procedure is to clean the containers. It is impossible to do this with your own hands, you will need to call the sewers. Special biological additives will help increase the period between cleanings. They contribute to the decomposition of solid waste, respectively, their amount decreases.

Owners of private households, in an effort to save money, install an economy version of sewage tanks - a septic tank from barrels, designed to create home comfort in a suburban home. Local sewerage, with an autonomous cleaning system, allows you to run a convenient infrastructure in settlements, where there are no centralized systems. In suburban areas in summer cottages, it makes no sense to install expensive septic tank options, because suburban summer cottages come to life only in the summer.

Manufacturers offer a wide range of cleaning systems, however, many prefer to design and manufacture in the country homemade septic tank, the price of which will be minimal. Such an independent cleaning system with a septic tank as the main working element is easily built from improvised waste materials.

Let's analyze how to make a septic tank from barrels with your own hands, if the purchase finished construction postponed. The article describes the technological nuances of manufacturing and installing home-made containers, provided step-by-step instruction with photo illustrations. The video will help you better understand the process.

In the absence of a centralized water supply and sewerage network near the site, it becomes necessary to build an autonomous system. A do-it-yourself septic tank made from barrels disposes of wastewater in accordance with hygiene standards.

The design is calculated on a certain amount of sewage, taking into account the people living in the house. Mounting homemade device recommended for the following reasons:

1. Cost reduction.
2. Self-purchase of components + use of existing materials.
3. Use of available tools.
4. The equipment is installed according to modular scheme, that is, the possibility of understaffing is calculated in advance - connecting additional drain pipes to reserved entry points.

Only a man who built on his own drain system, versed in weaknesses designs and knows it maximum possibilities. By calculating the approximate norms of family water consumption, the frequency of residence and, having studied the features of the land, you can avoid unnecessary financial costs, physical losses, and prevent emergencies” caused by low capacity.

On a note! Principle of operation cesspool from barrels consists in the construction of multi-level settling tanks, as a result of which overflow, waste settles and the separation of effluents into water and sludge is ensured.

After the process is completed, about 65% of the water is discharged into the ground, and the sludge accumulates at the bottom until it is pumped out of the treatment plant.

What are the pros and cons of plastic and metal barrels

The basis for the construction of an autonomous sewer system is a barrel tank. For arrangement, two types are used - metal or plastic. Since it is not so easy to make a septic tank from barrels with your own hands, the choice of packaging is up to the owner. Metal containers usually have a capacity of 200 liters. Plastic - available in large sizes. For reasons of economy, it is better to install the existing tanks. But when you plan to buy a container, you should explore different options.

Plastic variant

Pros of using:

• Little weight;
• Ease of installation;
• Ease of making holes;
• Full waterproof;
• Corrosion resistance.

Cons of products:

• The light weight of the product requires stable attachment to the foundation in order to avoid “floating” when flooded from excessive rainfall;
• The elasticity of the material leads to the compression of containers by soils.

Iron variant

Advantages of iron barrels for the construction of a cesspool:

• High rigidity and strength of products;
• Sufficient water resistance;
• Structural stability.

Flaws:

• Susceptibility to corrosion, which requires the application of a waterproofing coating;
• The labor-intensive process of making holes, using power tools.

The main disadvantage of a sump from barrels is the small volume of chambers. This is the reason for the frequent pumping of sediment.

Please note! If the volume of the chambers corresponds to 200 / 250 l drums, the effluent discharge must be regulated.

How does a homemade sewer sump work

All drains enter the sewer lines, and from there into the reservoir, the so-called pit. In this barrel, wastewater is "filtered", most of the pollutants settle. Through the connecting pipe, wastewater from the first tank enters the second tank. The process of filling the sections takes place in a strictly regulated manner, which is achieved by placing containers with a ladder at different levels.

The outlet and inlet are positioned so that water enters the next tank before its level rises to the inlet pipe. Gradually, the heaviest particles of dirt fall to the bottom, while small and light ones continue to move along the structure. In order for the waste stream to move freely along the sewer lines, a home-made septic tank from barrels is made with a slope.

Except mechanical cleaning, colonies of microorganisms are also involved in the process, which are formed in containers after 2-5 weeks and process organic pollution.

After processing in the second chamber, wastewater is sent to a storage facility or drainage system. In the first case, the accumulated water is drained after a while. If a drainage well is used, the liquid is discharged into the ground. In the sump, discharges are cleaned by 65-80%. If a higher level of purification is needed, a third barrel is used. The more compartments are discharged, the higher the degree of purification becomes. For a suburban area, a double level is sufficient.

Methane generated during purification Wastewater removed by ventilation. It is placed vertically at the exit of the sewer from the house or near the last section of autonomous equipment. In order to get rid of unpleasant odors a siphon is installed, it is possible in the form of a “knee”.

How to choose a place to install a septic tank

If you decide to install a septic tank from barrels in the country with your own hands, choose the right place. The structure must be removed from:

• Wells, wells and other sources at 30-50 m;
• The foundation of buildings - 5-10 m;
• Green spaces: shrubs / trees - 3-5 m;
• Underground pipelines - 10-15 m;
• basement and garden beds- 10-20 m.

Wastewater enters the system in small portions, because the owners of suburban real estate do not visit the dacha every weekend. It is always necessary to adhere to building and sanitary restrictions. Any sanitary norm has its own reasons, its violation will lead to problems with health and the law.

Important! Strictly observe the distance between the source drinking water and a septic. This will avoid contamination, reduce the likelihood of water contamination and the spread of infections.

Equipping a homemade septic tank from plastic barrels, do not place the object near the foundation, the treated drains will begin to destroy its foundation. When choosing a location, the following factors are taken into account:

1. The composition and properties of the soil - sandy soil easily passes water, clay, loamy and other dense soils are unsuitable for absorbing large amounts of moisture, so they build storage tanks or expand the drainage system with the addition of a large number sand and gravel.
2. The relief of the site - the house should be placed above the sump, and not vice versa, because the process occurs by gravity and the slope in the opposite direction will not allow wastewater to move in the right direction.
3. Depth ground water– close-lying groundwater may be polluted by runoff or waterlogging of the soil near the tanks will occur due to excess moisture. In this case, the concreting of the drain pit is carried out.
4. Climatic conditions - it is necessary to ensure that the chambers do not freeze at low temperature indicators. If the pipe is installed above the freezing level, it is insulated with waterproof insulation.
5. Free access for sewers - you need to create access roads for the car to extract sewage.

What are the design features

The more sections the waste mass overcomes, the cleaner it becomes at the final stage. The most common model is a three-section, designed to filter viscous dark brown drains.

At the final stage, a hole is made in the last barrel leading to the filtration field. This post-treatment drainage mechanism consists of perforated pipes located underground. The pipeline is placed in trenches, where geotextile is preliminarily laid, sand / gravel is backfilled from above.

Note! Such a complex structure is recommended to be installed to clean the dirtiest sewage.

To clean the light sewage of a bath or kitchen, one / two compartments are enough. The simplest two-chamber system consists of tanks and an external plastic pipe, with a diameter of 110 mm. If the diameter is smaller, the structure will not be able to handle more drains. Iron barrels are installed if groundwater is below 8 meters; if the level is slightly higher - there are no better plastic containers.

The slope of the sewer line is 0.03. The vertical value is 3 cm per meter. Post-treatment of light effluents is carried out in an absorption well located in a second tank filled with gravel / sand.

What materials and tools are needed

After preliminary calculations chamber septic tank: volume, sewerage range, hydrogeological status of the soil, freezing depth, size and required slope - you can start building a septic tank from plastic barrels with your own hands.

For work you will need:

1. Two or three barrels made of polymer material with a volume of 200 / 400l.
2. Corrugated plastic + sewer pipes for installation. The length is determined by the distance from the house to the containers with sewage + a margin of several meters.
3. Ventilation pipes with a neck diameter of 110 mm. The length of the pipe is not more than 1.5 m.
4. Corners and tees.
5. Couplings, flanges.
6. Cement.
7. Small crushed stone with 49 mm granular elements.
8. Adhesive for joining PVC components.
9. Epoxy sealant.
10. Rubber seal to seal the pipe inlet.
11. Sand.
12. Sewer covers.

If there is a possibility of waterlogging, concreting of the lower layer of the pit will be required. For this you need:

• Concrete mixer;
• Electric mixer;
• mixing tank;
• Adapter fitting and steel cables for fastening barrels at the bottom.

If the soil is soft, reinforcing the walls of the pit with a wooden or steel mesh is simply essential. Mineral wool for pipelines, foam or polystyrene is needed to build an insulating layer for sewer equipment.

What is the sequence of work

To properly make a septic tank from a barrel, you need to earthworks remove sewer pipes from the house. From the point of withdrawal, start digging a trench forward to the sewage sump. The sewerage device depends on the following procedure:

Important! After installation, fill the barrels with water 20-30 cm below the neck. This will help protect the septic structure from deformation under ground pressure.

After testing for water permeability, proceed to the final backfill. We lay down gradually layer by layer. You can throw rocks, bricks, and other construction garbage to get a rigid structure.

The upper part is insulated and optionally covered with foam. Only sewer tank caps and ventilation ducts must remain above the ground.

The general principle of organizing individual sewage

When the septic tank is ready for operation, they install general rules its use for each member of the family. Small volumes of tanks require more attention to the number of liters used. It takes three days for partial filtration of water to occur. Therefore, make sure that the containers are not overfilled within 72 hours.

Do not dispose of bad or non-degradable items in the sink. Only organic is suitable for this method of getting rid of sewage. If you plan to clean the chambers yourself, then the silt from the barrels should be placed in a fertilizer pit and mixed with weeds and soil. After a couple of years, they will turn into an excellent fertilizer.

Do not put off the problem of waste disposal until tomorrow, start planning the model today. Since how to make a septic tank from barrels with your own hands - the best solution, allowing you to create an autonomous sewage system in the country with a minimum investment.

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Since, because of this, the size of the cesspool is limited, it is permissible to use metal barrels only in suburban areas where it is not planned to live permanently, and the amount of drains will be small. A small sewer tank would be out of place in a house where several people live permanently.

The main advantage of metal containers is their high strength, due to which they can withstand severe mechanical loads.

However, they have much more disadvantages, which is why their use is limited:

Advantages of barrels polymer materials:

• resistance to corrosion, due to which the containers can serve 30-50 years;
• high mechanical strength, which is almost similar to metal products;
• most types of plastic are resistant to aggressive chemical compounds that are part of sewage;
• the plastic barrel for sewage is completely sealed, it does not require additional waterproofing.

However, these containers have significant disadvantage- despite the large volume, their weight is negligible. For this reason, the tank can be pushed to the surface by groundwater or frost heaving. Therefore, the construction of a septic tank requires that the sewer tank be well fixed.

How to bury a tank with your own hands

A plastic barrel for sewerage is installed in a pre-prepared pit, its dimensions must be larger than the tank. Thanks to this, if necessary, it will be possible to insulate the structure and securely fix the barrel. The depth of the pit should be such that the inlet and the inlet sewer pipe are at the same level.

How to bury a barrel under the sewer, the procedure:

1. At the bottom of the pit, a crushed stone or sand cushion with a thickness of more than 20 centimeters is created.
2. After that, the base is concreted, while the frame is mounted with anchors or loops for further attachment of the container.
3. After 5-7 days concrete foundation becomes strong enough, and you can install the barrel.
4. The container is attached to the foundation using steel strips or a cable bandage.
5. If necessary, the septic tank is insulated with polyurethane foam or extruded polystyrene foam (read: "").
6. Before backfilling the soil, the container must be filled to a certain level. During this work, it is important to take into account the manufacturer's recommendations - depending on what polymer material the barrel is made of, the backfilling features may differ.
7. The barrel is connected to all inlet and outlet communications, ventilation pipe, after which it is finally covered with soil.

Do-it-yourself sewerage from barrels is created quite simply, which makes it possible to save on the services of specialists. In the event that the barrel was securely fixed, and all installation requirements were observed, including the manufacturer's recommendations, then the container can last several decades.

Purchase an expensive factory-made septic tank for the device autonomous sewerage on the suburban area, used only in summer time, inappropriate. There is a simple way to solve this problem, which does not require large financial costs. You can build a septic tank with your own hands from barrels by combining several plastic containers of various sizes into one system. Previously, such structures were made from metal barrels. However, with the advent of lightweight plastic products on the market, metal constructions are used less and less. The operation of such a sewer facility is possible only with a small amount of liquid waste. In practice, a home-made septic tank from barrels is installed in order to collect wastewater from baths and temporary buildings.

Requirements for the installation site of a septic tank

When choosing the place of installation of plastic containers for collecting sewage waste, they are guided sanitary standards and the rules in force on the territory of Russia. It is necessary to maintain the necessary distances from the septic tank to wells and wells used for drinking water intake, as well as to the foundations of nearby buildings. It is recommended to retreat at least 5 meters from the house, and you can retreat at least one meter from the garage and the bath.

Requirements for choosing the location of a home-made septic tank in relation to other life support facilities for people living or vacationing outside the city

Approximate scheme for installing plastic containers

If in country house If no more than three people live in the summer, then two or three plastic barrels will be required to build a septic tank. The volume of these containers must be at least 250 liters. Barrels connected in series with each other by means of overflow pipes are installed in one line. Holes are cut in the plastic walls of the tanks for the installation of overflow pipes. At the same time, it is taken into account that the pipe leaving the chamber should be located 10 centimeters lower than the incoming one. The placement depth of each subsequent container should be 10-15 cm more than the previous chamber (staggered arrangement).

Two hermetic barrels are designed for settling wastewater, and the third with a carved bottom adapts to a drainage well for natural filtration of clarified waters. The first two cameras are mounted on 10 cm sand cushions, well packed and leveled. The third chamber (drainage well) is placed on a layer of rubble, 30 cm thick, which is poured on a 50 cm layer of sand. This sand and gravel filter allows for the post-treatment of wastewater leaving the ground. In areas with high level ground water instead drainage well make installation of filtration fields.

The simplest scheme of a home-made septic tank, which can be built from plastic barrels, concrete rings, galvanized containers, etc.

List of required materials for installation

If a septic tank is being built from plastic barrels with an aeration field, then the following will be required Construction Materials and equipment:

• fine-grained crushed stone (fraction size 1.8-3.5 cm);
• geotextile fabric;
• a pair of plastic barrels with a volume of 250 l;
• sewer pipes orange color diameter 110 mm;
• tees and angles for connecting pipes at different angles;
• perforated pipes for drainage;
• couplings, flanges;
• glue for PVC pipes;
• two-component epoxy sealant;
• water tape.

From the tool you will need a level, a shovel, a rake, a jigsaw. In addition to the listed devices and tools manual labor wooden pegs will also come in handy when marking out a site for a septic tank and a filtration field.

Features of the installation work

First, using a jigsaw, holes are cut in the barrels for installing overflow pipes and a ventilation riser. The hole for connecting the incoming pipe to the chamber is made at a distance of 20 cm from the upper edge of the container. The exit hole is made opposite side chambers below the inlet by 10 cm, that is, at a distance of 30 cm from the upper edge of the barrel.

Installing the overflow pipe into the hole cut in the first plastic sump drum and filling the gap with a two-component epoxy sealant

The ventilation riser for the removal of gases is mounted only in the first settling barrel. This camera is also desirable to provide for the presence removable cover, which allows periodically cleaning the bottom from settled solid particles. In the second settling tank, two holes are made at the bottom, located relative to each other at an angle of 45 degrees, for connecting drainage pipes laid along the filtration field.

Important! The gaps in the holes, which are formed due to loose contact between the pipes and the walls of the barrel, are filled with a two-component epoxy sealant.

Stage # 1 - sizing and excavation

When calculating the dimensions of the pit, it is assumed that between the barrels and its walls there should be a gap of 25 cm around the entire perimeter. This gap will later be filled with dry sand-cement mixture, which serves to protect the walls of the septic tank from damage during seasonal soil movement.

If you have finances, the bottom under the settling chambers can be filled concrete mortar, providing in the "cushion" the presence of embedded metal parts with loops that will serve to secure plastic containers. Such fastening will not allow the barrels to “float” with a vein, and, thereby, disrupt the equipped autonomous sewage system.

The stepped bottom of the pit must be leveled and covered with a layer of compacted sand, the thickness of which must be at least 10 cm.

Stage # 2 - installation of plastic containers

Barrels are installed on the prepared bottom of the pit, fixed with straps to metal loops immured in concrete. Connect all pipes and seal the gaps in the holes. The remaining space between the walls of the pit and the tanks is filled with a mixture of cement and sand, not forgetting to carry out layer-by-layer tamping. As the pit is filled with backfill, water is poured into the containers to prevent deformation of the walls of the barrels under the pressure of the sand-cement mixture.

Preparation of a hole in the second settling barrel for connecting an overflow pipe. In this version, the flange is connected not from the side, but from above

Stage #3 - filter field device

In the immediate vicinity of the septic tank, a trench is dug 60-70 cm deep, the dimensions of which should allow the placement of two perforated pipes. The bottom and walls of the trench are lined with a geotextile fabric with a margin, which is necessary to cover pipes covered with rubble from above.

A 30-cm layer of crushed stone is poured onto the geotextile, the bulk material is leveled and rammed

Carry out the laying of drainage pipes with perforations in the walls, which are connected to the second settling barrel. Then another 10 cm of crushed stone is poured on top of the pipes, leveled and covered with a geotextile cloth so that the edges overlap each other by 15-20 cm. Then it remains to fill the filtration field with soil and decorate this place with lawn grass.

As you can see, any summer resident can make a septic tank from barrels. It should only be remembered that this facility is designed for the collection and disposal of a small amount of liquid household waste.

Hosts country houses I don’t want to give up the usual city amenities and have to equip the sewer system on my site on my own. Often it is a simple cesspool, made from a barrel or otherwise, but if there is running water and households actively use plumbing fixtures, its capabilities will clearly not be enough.

Scheme country sewerage includes a collector receiving wastewater, internal and external pipeline networks. Depending on financial capabilities, the collector is built of bricks, large concrete rings car tires, eurocubes or barrels of 200 l.

Scheme and rules for organizing sewerage with a septic tank in the country

It is quite possible to equip a septic tank for giving with your own hands. Before starting work, a detailed diagram sewer facilities. Drawings can be seen in the photo. The location must be marked on the diagram. storage capacity, internal and external wiring of the pipeline network. Building codes and regulations define required angle pipe slope, collector device features and other parameters. Please note that simply draining sewage into a pit without pumping pollutes the soil and nearby aquifers.

Requirements for the placement of treatment facilities at their summer cottage

Treatment facilities in the summer cottage should be located no closer than thirty meters from water bodies, wells and artesian wells. To bad smell did not penetrate into residential premises, the minimum distance of the septic tank from the house is five meters. This distance should not be greatly extended either, since this significantly increases the cost of laying an external sewer network.

Care must be taken to ensure that the unpleasant smell does not disturb the neighbors, and the treatment plant should not be located too close to the boundaries of the site. Fruit trees and other green spaces with a developed root system should be at least three meters away.

Types of country sewerage

The easiest way to do it yourself for a private house and a summer house is to make an ordinary cesspool, into which a simple drain of waste will be carried out. However, it will pollute environment. To prevent unpleasant consequences, a sealed container is installed in the cesspool.

This is a more acceptable way of arranging a waste disposal system, but in this case, frequent "visits" of the sewer truck are necessary. More modern look the country sewerage is a septic tank in which the liquid fraction of the waste settles and, after filtration, is removed from the collector. The use of bacteria that decompose organic matter helps to make a septic tank without pumping.

Sealed cesspool

To equip a cesspool, they dig a pit at least two meters deep. With a complex relief of the site, it is located at the lowest level.

The walls of the tank are laid out brickwork or they install ready-made concrete rings, tires from the Kirovets tractor, barrels with a volume of two hundred liters and so on on top of each other. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the bottom of the tank, all butt joints are securely sealed to prevent leakage of wastewater.

Filter well

The filter well is equipped in the same way as a sealed cesspool, only instead of waterproofing, gravel or crushed stone with sand is made at the bottom of the mine. It forms a filter layer through which the liquid waste fractions get rid of contaminants before penetrating into the soil.

This design of the treatment plant makes it possible to pump out waste from the reservoir much less frequently, since it is filled only with their solid fragments. The quality of wastewater treatment is improved if not one, but several filter wells are installed, interconnected by overflow pipes.

Applying a filter field

The use of a filtration field helps to make a septic tank without pumping out. Its device requires a large area of ​​​​free space on the site.

The filtration field is a platform located underground, in which the sedimentation and purification of wastewater that has passed through the sewer takes place. From there, they are discharged through perforated pipes into the drainage system.

Gutter use

It is good if a gutter lies near the storage sewer tank. In this case, the drains that have passed through the collector can be directed directly into it. To do this, they dig a hole near the canal, filling it with crushed stone or gravel as a filter layer. Waste water is sent there, which, after passing the filter, enters the gutter.

Material options for a septic tank in the country

Depending on financial capabilities, a septic tank in the country is made from the most various materials. With virtually no material costs, you can get decommissioned tires at the nearest tire fitting workshop or at a car company large diameter.

Tires from the Kirovets tractor are well suited. They are stacked on top of each other in a dug pit. A septic tank made of ready-made concrete rings is equipped even faster and more reliably. The sewage receiver can be laid out with brickwork. Also used are large-volume barrels and the so-called eurocubes, which are sealed plastic containers.

When installed, they are concreted on the sides, as they are light in weight and can move when the groundwater level rises.

Installation depth of the septic tank and pipe laying

Installation depth of the septic tank and bookmarks sewer pipe directly depends on the level of soil freezing in a particular region. If sewage freezes in sewer system, they will break the pipes, and in the spring everything will have to be started anew.

The optimal volume of a septic tank in the country

The required volume of a septic tank in the country depends on the number of people permanently residing in it. It is believed that one person consumes up to two hundred liters of water per day. Multiplying this figure by the number of households and increasing the resulting value by approximately twenty percent, we obtain the optimal amount of storage capacity.

Of course, in the conditions of a summer residence, that is, without the use of a shower and a bath, this parameter will be much less.

Arrangement of a simple cesspool from a 200 l barrel

A cesspool from a 200 l barrel is easily made by hand. For its arrangement it is better to choose plastic containers. Compared to metal products, they have the following advantages:

• excellent resistance to aggressive chemical environments;
• longer service life;
• simplified installation due to low weight;
• no need for anti-corrosion treatment;
• high levels of tightness.

When buried in the ground, plastic containers should be securely fastened with cables pulled to concrete slab installed as the base of the structure. Otherwise, a homemade septic tank can “float” to the surface at the most inconvenient moment. The plastic barrels installed in the pit should be filled very carefully so as not to damage them.

Do-it-yourself assembly and connection of a septic tank from plastic barrels

Do-it-yourself assembly and connection of a septic tank from plastic barrels is not particularly difficult. First, a pit is dug to bury the tanks in the ground. For better cleaning wastewater, two plastic containers with a volume of at least two hundred liters each should be installed. They are connected to each other with an overflow pipe.

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The following video is carefully selected and will certainly help the perception of the foregoing.