Decorating a small pond. A pond in the garden: typical mistakes of amateurs. Serious projects: brick and concrete

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An artificial pond in your country house can be a great place to relax on a hot summer day. To those people who have country houses on the shore of a lake or river, very lucky. Well, the rest will need to roll up their sleeves and arrange a pond in their dacha with their own hands.

We are drawing up a project

It is best to allocate a place for a future artificial pond still at the design stage summer cottage . In this case, the reservoir must:

• Do not be exposed to prolonged exposure to direct sunlight - heated water provokes the growth of algae and the development of microorganisms. The water in the reservoir quickly becomes cloudy and will have a musty, unpleasant odor;
• be on open area– branches and leaves from trees will quickly pollute the water, and the root system can damage the bottom of an artificial reservoir;
• be located so that later you can expand the size of the water surface if you want to convert the pond, for example, into a full-fledged complex - with a fountain, bridge, etc.

Professional builders It is advised to make the artificial pond shallow - since it will mainly be used as a beautiful element of the surrounding landscape in the garden. In addition, you immediately need to think about how you will care for the pond on your site - there should be a convenient approach to it. Naturally, not through alpine coaster or a vegetable garden.

The water in an artificial pond will need to be changed with your own hands, since it will not be purified naturally, unlike natural reservoirs. Therefore, you need to make sure that the water well at your dacha is located close to your pond.

Selection of material for construction

Before you make a pond with your own hands, you need determine its basis. In this case, there are several solutions. Let's consider what an artificial pond can be made from.

Reinforced concrete

The most durable pond in the garden can be made using reinforced concrete. The bottom and coastal zone, reinforced with reinforcement and filled with concrete, will be able to withstand various additional loads - the installation of sculptural compositions, a fountain, etc.

The complexity of construction makes it impractical this technology organizing small ponds in the country. The disadvantages of this solution include significant cost. You will have to rent special equipment, use a lot of building materials, and dismantling the installed reservoir will only be possible with great labor costs.

PVC film

A budget solution for the construction of an artificial pond in a country house. The depth and shape of this reservoir can be easily changed, its size reduced or increased. A pond on a site with a film base can even be made seasonal - for example, filled in with the arrival of winter and arranged again in the summer.

The disadvantages of this solution include the fragility and fragility of the PVC coating - the film can be easily damaged, and if the integrity of the bowl is damaged, water will easily drain into the ground. Therefore, swimming in these domestic ponds is not recommended - they made small in size and are used for garden decoration.

Store-bought artificial bowls

This is the golden mean for people who want to have their own pond in their garden and not have to worry about building materials for its organization. Store bowls for decorative ponds are made of durable and strong materials - fiberglass or polyvinyl chloride.

The first option is much more expensive. However, the cost of a fiberglass bowl is fully compensated by the excellent performance characteristics of this material. You can easily install this bowl with your own hands, without involving anyone in this process. outside help. The disadvantage can be considered the purchase of ready-made standard forms - that is, the foundation pit must be made to fit the shape of the bowl, and not vice versa.

Moreover, the possibility of constructing uneven terrain bottom to design natural coastlines. Besides this method organizing a pond in the garden will cost much more than a pond made from scrap materials or film.

Available materials

A rather interesting option is to use different available containers or materials. Old troughs, cast iron baths quite suitable for construction.

The advantage of this method is that there is no need to build bulky reinforced concrete structures or purchase standard forms. The disadvantages include the low decorativeness of old containers - you will need to show imagination in order to old bath make a work of art.

For example, for people who have catastrophically little space in their dacha, experts advise using a convenient and simple tire pond. Old tires are dug in, film is laid inside, and the banks are decorated.

The resulting pond can surprise even professional designers - the finished pond will be an exclusive element of the landscape interior.

Pit

Then, when you have decided on the material for construction, you need to dig a pit. This work is best done in the summer, when The groundwater leave as much as possible. The depth of the pit is determined based on the type of material from which they decided to make the bowl. If this is an old bathtub or another ready-made mold, dig a hole 25-30 cm deeper than the dimensions of the mold.

If you decide to make a pond from PVC film, then you will need to dig to a depth of about 70-90 cm - a small pond will completely freeze in winter, dry quickly and heat up. summer time. For reservoirs made of reinforced concrete, you will need to dig a pit more than 1.5 meters deep - here you cannot do without special equipment.

Let's look at the stages of work for building a pond at the dacha with your own hands for various types selected materials.

PVC film pond

When the pit is ready, all that remains is to clean its bottom and dig a future mini-pond on the sides small terraces. The depth of these terraces is approximately 30 cm and the width is about 25 cm. The bottom of the pit is compacted, pebbles, crushed stones, stones and other foreign objects are removed. The cleaned bottom is sprinkled with sand and covered with geotextile fabric. This bottom preparation will significantly improve the strength of the base coating and also extend the life of the film.

The next step is laying the film covering. The size of the film can be calculated as follows: take the total length of the reservoir and add twice the depth of the pit. The film sheet is fixed on the terraces with a margin of approximately 30 cm. The laid sheet is laid with stones or bricks - this must be done to preserve its laying shape.

Then you need to fill the pond with water, check the integrity of the film and begin decorating the coastal zone. No need right away cut off the remaining film under bricks, as it can shrink over time.

Pond from the bath

To build a pond from an old bathtub or other unnecessary container you will need:

• crushed stone;
• a piece of mesh;
• sand and cement;
• a coil of steel or aluminum wire;
• beautiful stones for decoration.

After the pit has been dug, it is necessary to make its edges. Why do we remove the top along the entire perimeter of the future pond? a layer of earth about 45-50 cm wide. This perimeter is deepened so that it is level with the shape of the reservoir. The drain hole in the bathroom is closed, then it is installed at the bottom of the pit.

To extend the operating time of the future mini-pond, it is necessary to protect the enamel on inner surface bowls. Why the sides and bottom of the bathroom can be treated with tile adhesive. After this, the bath is allowed to dry thoroughly. As a rule, this takes at least several days.

Then a chain-link mesh is laid around the entire perimeter of the bowl. It is required to reinforce the bottom and sides of the reservoir. Apply to the mesh cement-sand mixture or concrete mortar and let it dry. Then comes the final design of the banks.

Pond from a ready-made mold

The pit dug for the form, cleared of debris, branches and other items. The walls and bottom of the pit are compacted. When the soil at the dacha is very loose, it needs to be strengthened. The finished form requires a perfectly flat plane of the sides and bottom of the pit. The surface can be leveled using a building level.

Then the bottom must be filled with sifted sand, which must also be compacted. The sand layer is an excellent preservative that will ensure the integrity of the finished bowl.

After this, the bowl is placed in the pit and water is poured. The resulting voids between the ground and the sides of the mold are filled with sand; this must be done gradually. First, 20-25 cm of sand is poured, which is moistened with water. After distributing the sand, this process must be repeat until the voids are completely filled between the walls of the pit and the form.

This must be done, since the pond mold is very fragile and can be easily deformed. Uniform pressure over the surfaces of the bowl will prevent it from bending.

After a day, check the gap between the ground and the sides of the bowl. If there are voids left, add sand. We pour the water out of the mini-pond, clean it completely and pour in clean water.

Plant selection

Small plants are planted on the shore part of the pond. Hostas can create a picturesque picture on the shore of a pond; green ones prefer partial shade, and blue ones prefer shade.

Also in the shade, sedge with narrow leaves, which sometimes grow up to 80 cm, grows well. In partial shade, the unpretentious loosestrife with attractive inflorescences purple . On sunny area you can plant molinia.

A fern will perfectly decorate the shore of a pond located in partial shade. It grows well on moist soil. The same conditions are suitable for astilbe. Its low-growing varieties are suitable for planting near a pond.

If the body of water is quite large, plant darmera (peltiphyllum) on the shore - perennial in the form of bushes up to 1 m high and up to 0.5 m in diameter with notched round leaves.

On the second level in the reservoir, water lilies are traditionally placed. Hybrid nymphs are characterized by a variety of flower colors. There is no need to overload the pond with a large number of specimens, they grow and only interfere with each other.

Sunny shallow water is great place for calamus. In a small reservoir, low calamus grass looks organic, and in a large reservoir, marsh calamus looks organic. Some varieties of irises also prefer low water.

The unpretentious whitewing is a fairly popular plant for home ponds. At the beginning of summer, a cob-shaped flower appears on it, and then red berries appear. We must remember that they are poisonous.

Aquatic hawthorn, which smells like vanilla, grows well in water, reaching a diameter of 50 cm. It is a deep-water plant. The miniature Azolla floating on the surface, covering the pond with a green carpet, looks original. However, you will need to fight it by periodically catching bushes.

Everyone dreams of recreating a miniature paradise on their site. We associate it with beautiful landscape, garden trees and bushes, a gazebo for relaxation, entwined with plants, and a fireplace for cooking over a fire. An addition to this idyllic picture will be. A pond can organically fit into the natural ensemble and become its decoration, because water is the fourth element that a person needs to feel harmony.

Creating an artificial pond is not so difficult; the main thing is to decide on its size, design and place where to place it.

Pond dimensions

The determining factors here are the area of ​​the site, how you see the reservoir and the place that can be allocated to it. Conventionally, home ponds are divided into three categories:

• small decorative ponds that decorate the site and complement the landscape design (up to 5 square meters);
• a pond that performs a decorative function, but at the same time is in it (from 10 sq. m.)
• landscaped pool where you can swim. The sizes depend on the capabilities and free land that can be allocated for these purposes.

Ecoponds, as an alternative to a tiled pool, are becoming increasingly popular. Apparently, this is caused by a subconscious craving for pristine nature.

• Small decorative ponds are made from different materials.

At the dacha or site of the house, you can make it from large tires, plastic containers, old bathtub, ready-made molds that you can buy. If desired, equip them pump for water circulation and filter, make a cascade or waterfall. You can launch a small number of decorative fish, koi carp or shubunki.

The design of the pond and plants will become the basis of the water composition. Lovely small bodies of water The fact is that you can make them yourself. You will be able to realize your fantasies and tastes in design, so that you can subsequently enjoy your work.

• Medium-sized ponds are more labor-intensive to manufacture and require certain professional skills.

Making a medium sized pond, basics

This is a rather complex ecosystem where it is necessary to properly install equipment and select plants that would maintain the natural balance and purify the water.

Important. There are several rules for choosing a reservoir location:

• trees should not grow nearby due to falling leaves;
• avoid planting plants with a strong root system near a pond;
• The pond should not be in the sun or get too hot. You need to choose a place so that it is in the shade during the hottest part of the day.

Decoration of the shoreline of the pond

The most interesting and pleasant moments in landscaping a water garden is the design of the coastline. This is where your talent and Creative skills. Before you start decorating, you need to decide on the style.

What techniques are used for decoration:

The terrace board is one of the elements for decorating the shoreline of the pond; it fits well into the landscape composition of the reservoir. A bridge or path across a pond will become a detail that will add additional originality.

These rules are general character. The main thing is to bring your vision and creative energy into pond decoration. The main thing is that it is beautiful and pleasing.

Plants for pond decoration

When choosing vegetation for a pond, you need to focus on the size of the reservoir and its depth.

Important. On 1 square meter plant 2.3 plants. 1/3 underwater to maintain ecological balance.

The optimal time for planting is spring, early summer. It is better to line the containers with film and sprinkle with pebbles to prevent the soil from being washed away. As it grows, excess vegetation is caught and thinned out. As it evaporates, water is added to the pond.

Making a pond at your dacha with your own hands is not difficult if you work a little and take into account the recommendations.

• It is better to choose a place in the shade of a house or near a fence. This is the optimal location for a pond and relaxation during the hottest part of the day.
• Nearby you can put a gazebo for relaxation, a barbecue, and benches.
• A pond made of film would be optimal and less labor-intensive.
• Try to locate the pond close to the water supply point.
• When digging a pit, pay attention to how close the groundwater lies. If the water is shallow in the ground, it can accumulate and squeeze out the bottom of the reservoir.
• Buy film with a reserve. You can measure it using an ordinary cord, which is pulled through the bottom of the pit from one edge to the other.
• After filling the pond, let the water sit for a while.

A pond at your dacha or at home will become your favorite relaxation spot. If it is made with your own hands, then it is a source of pride. It's nice to spend a summer evening on the shore of your own small lake.

Creating a pond on video

Photo gallery of pond design examples

One of the brightest tools in landscape design is a decorative pond. Of course, most suburban areas is limited to the traditional six hundred square meters, and the owners simply cannot build a large pond, but because of this they should not give up the dream of acquiring an artificial pond. As for the technical part, it will not be an obstacle, but only if you have good instructions and desire. So, today we will find out how to make a pond at the dacha with our own hands step by step.

First you should find out what purpose the construction of a pond on the site will serve. From this point of view, reservoirs can be divided into four large groups.

Table No. 1. Classification artificial reservoirs by functionality

Then, based on the goal and our capabilities, we proceed to choosing the style, location, dimensions and shape.

Second phase. Deciding on a style

An artificial pond can be made in one of two possible options, and each of them also has a great variety of modifications.

Table No. 2. Artificial pond styles

The topography of the site also plays a big role when choosing a style. So, if the surface is fairly flat, then the shape of the pond can be any. If there are unevenness and differences on the site, then they need to be given Special attention, but they make it possible to additionally arrange a cascade or waterfall. In addition, against the backdrop of all this, say, an artificial slide will look great.

Also, the reservoir can be raised slightly above the ground. In this case, the construction technology will differ only in the arrangement of the foundation, which will prevent possible distortions of the bowl.

When creating such a reservoir, excavation work is minimized, and caring for it will be much easier.

Note! If the reservoir is built with a fountain, then preference should be given to a tall structure.

Third stage. Choosing a place

Let's start with the fact that we place the reservoir in the most favorable place, so that you can admire your creation from anywhere on the site. That is why we take into account several important factors when choosing.

1. Land area. Not only the size of the pond, but also its shape directly depends on it.
2. Illumination. It is preferable to place an artificial pond in a shaded place where exposure to direct sunlight does not exceed five to six hours a day, otherwise some of the water may simply evaporate. Moreover, when sunlight biological activity may develop, which is unlikely to beautify the pond. Therefore, having chosen a specific place on the site, we observe the solar regime for several days.
3. Relief. The shape of the pond depends on it, and it also simplifies the design additional elements(for example, fountains).
4. Layer level groundwater, soil composition. These indicators affect not only the depth of the reservoir, but also the complexity of the work and the need for additional consumables.

Note! The greater the depth of the pond, the more illuminated place it should be located. If the reservoir is intended for fish, then we take the location even more seriously, since the oxygen content in highly heated water decreases.

1. Expandable. Don't forget about perspective, so we leave some free space on one side.
2. Visibility. It is advisable to position the pond so that it can be seen from home and recreation areas.
3. Electricity supply. If a fountain or lighting is additionally equipped, we will think about electrification in advance. It is better to lay the wires during development, underground and in a reliable protective corrugation. There should be small access hatches at the connections.
4. Reflection. The pond will look more attractive if the surface reflects the sky or beautiful buildings, and not some kind of utility building.
5. Landscaping. Vegetation near the pond is, of course, beautiful, but the leaves will pollute it and form silt. Moreover, tree root systems can damage the waterproofing layer.
6. Compatible with general design and other objects.

We begin work in the spring - this way we will have enough time for the reservoir to “take root” on the site.

Fourth stage. Deciding on the sizes

It’s hard to say that a large pond will cost more than a small one, since there are a lot of nuances here. Therefore, let's look at the key points.

1. Dimensions. They depend on the location of the reservoir. Many say that a pond should account for an average of 3-10% of the total area of ​​the site, although any clear recommendations in this case it cannot be. As for the specific length and width, they depend not only on the area land plot, but also from our capabilities. After all, we will dig a hole under the pond manually.

2. Depth. It depends on the purpose of creating the reservoir, as well as its size.

3. Difficulty of content. The larger the pond, the easier (no matter how paradoxical it may sound) to care for it.

4. Zoning. The reservoir is divided into the following zones:

• coastal (from 10 cm to 40 cm), which will serve as an entrance and for planting;
• shallow water (from 40 cm to 100 cm), where crops that grow deeper (for example, winter-hardy water lily) will be planted;
• deep-sea (more than 100 cm) - it is required only in those reservoirs where fish breeding is planned; the area of ​​this zone depends, first of all, on the number of fish, but on average it should be more than 20% of the total area of ​​the reservoir.

5. Biological balance. In any case, living creatures will inhabit the pond, which means that conditions must be provided so that it can clean itself. No oxygenation or chlorination of water is provided here. It is worth remembering: no more than ½ of the entire area can be allocated for plants.

Note! The lowest point should be lowered below the soil freezing line, especially if you plan to breed fish - this way they can survive the winter in non-freezing water.

Fifth stage. Selecting materials

The next question to deal with is choice. Supplies. On modern market There are many options that can be used when creating an artificial pond. Let's look at them.

concrete pond

The most expensive option, which, nevertheless, allows you to operate the reservoir for quite a long time. Although concrete pouring more suitable for arranging a swimming pool.

Finished plastic container

This option is more suitable. The mold, made of fiberglass or PVC, allows you to build a pond in record time and use it for up to 30 years (the specific period depends on the quality of the container).

The procedure itself will consist of only four steps:

• digging a pit;
• set the form;
• fill the remaining voids with sand;
• We plant plants and fill the pond with water.

The disadvantage of this method is the difficulty of transportation (if the volume is large) and the need for basic installation knowledge (otherwise the bowl may be damaged). Moreover, plastic containers degrade over time when exposed to UV radiation.

Note! It is preferable to use a fiberglass bowl that is reinforced with rubber - this design is more reliable and repairable.

Polymer film

In terms of pond shape, this option provides simply unlimited possibilities. The most accessible material is polyethylene film, although it will not last long.

PVC film has a longer service life; with proper installation, it can last up to ten years.

Perhaps the most reliable option. For ponds with a rocky bottom and great depth, it is recommended to use a butyl rubber membrane (EPDM), which has a service life of up to 50 years. In addition, this material can withstand repeated frosts.

There are several folk ways of making a pond, which use available materials. Let's take a look at the most popular of these methods.

Pond from an old bathtub

An excellent option, because a bathtub is a container that was originally intended to hold liquid. The bathtub can be painted in bright colors and place it in a picturesque corner of the site or, as an option, deepen it into the ground.

Tire pond

A simple way to create a mini-reservoir on your site. The manufacturing procedure is shown in the photo below.

Pond from a basin

An even simpler way. The basin is able to hold water well, so it can be installed in the same way as a bathtub. With proper decoration, such a mini-pond will become an excellent decoration for the yard.

Note! Not only the aesthetic characteristics of the pond, but also its service life depend on the choice of material. It is desirable that the selected material is environmentally friendly.

Sixth stage. We prepare the equipment

To create a simple artificial pond, we will need a level, a cart with a shovel, a cord, a hose that is used for watering, and pegs.

If the pond is more technologically advanced, then the following equipment will be needed:

• cleaning filter;
• sterilizer (this will remove algae to keep the water clear);
• pump for pumping/draining water;
• aerator for oxygen saturation (especially important when breeding fish).

Seventh stage. We create an artificial pond

There are plenty of materials that can be used to create a pond, but we will focus on polyvinyl chloride film. The fact is that it is cheaper, takes the desired shape better, can be repaired, and does not require specific knowledge or skills to operate.

Step 1. First, choose the color of the film. There are several possible options here.

1. Black film – it will turn the bottom into a mirror (plants, clouds, etc. will be reflected).
2. Cream, blue- this way the pond will look more like a swimming pool, and the fish will be more clearly visible against a light background.
3. Brown– will imitate the soil of natural reservoirs. An excellent option for a landscape pond.

Also, when choosing a film, pay attention to the composition (PVC is more durable than PE) and thickness (for a pond you will need material thicker than 0.5 mm). Moreover, the greater the depth of the reservoir, the greater the film thickness should be. Equally important is resistance to UV radiation and mechanical damage.

Note! If the depth of the pond exceeds 1.5 m, then we use butyl rubber. This film is resistant to stretching, deformation and UV, moreover, it can withstand temperatures of 40-80°C.

• pond width + (depth x 2) + stock (55-60 cm) = material width;
• pond length + (depth x 2) + reserve (55-60 cm) = material length.

For gluing we will use special glue (for example, “Tagnit”) or adhesive tape (Quick Seam 3).

Step 3. The next step is to create a diagram.

First, we draw it on paper, and then transfer it to the ground. We indicate the sizes of steps or “shelves” for plants - this will avoid possible problems. To apply markings, use sand or a flexible garden hose (preferably in a bright color).

After this, we cover the marked area with a piece of light film and examine it from different angles. We make adjustments if necessary.

Step 4. Digging a pit. To do this, perform the following steps.

1. First we remove the turf.
2. Then we dig the pit itself. At the same time, we move from the edges to the center, going deeper in the required places - it’s more convenient. To lay out the stone and decorate it, we arrange a ledge 60-70 cm deep.
3. We remove the soil, and along with it roots, stones, debris and anything that can damage the film. By the way, you can make an alpine slide from excavated soil.

When carrying out excavation work, we pay attention to ensuring that the banks of the future pond are located on the same line. If a waterfall is created, then we maintain the required height difference.

Note! If a large level is required, we can make it ourselves. To do this, place a regular level on a long, flat board.

Step 5. We lay the substrate. We carefully compact the bottom of the finished pit, after which we proceed to the waterproofing layer, which will prevent water from penetrating into the soil.

The substrate can be made in several ways:

• we cover the bottom with stones and fill it with sand (this kind of waterproofing will lose its properties in just a few years);
• we lay a layer of geotextiles, which we fill with sand (this will cost a large amount);
• lay PVC film (most reliable way, so let's focus on it).

Step 6. Next, we lay the film, preferably on a sandy “cushion” (the latter will prevent damage from stones and other dangerous objects). It is advisable to install on a hot day - as the film heats up, it becomes more pliable.

This may cause difficulty in forming folds. We try to make one large fold, rather than a large number of small ones, and then glue it or press it down with stones. The film should be loose and loose.

To secure it with a swarm there is an additional trench around the perimeter. We lay the film there, and then fill it with crushed stone. Next, fill the trench with large stones with a flat bottom (so that the film does not tear). We lay the walls with round stones (flat ones will slide). At the end, we fill the pond with water - we supply it without pressure, directing it to the center of the pit. After two days, cut off the excess film.

Step 7. We strengthen the banks. Their slope depends on the type of soil: if it is sandy, then the walls should be sloped, if we are talking about clay or black soil, then vertical. Optimal angle the slope should be approximately 45°.

The strengthening itself depends on the type of banks.

If they are flat, then you can use:

• geomat;
• geogrid;
• polymer geogrid.

You can also use a regular chain-link mesh, filling its cells with soil with seeds of perennial grass (for example, clover). There is another option - to strengthen the banks with shrubs or plants.

If the coast is steep, then we can use:

• piles;
• gabions;
• retaining walls.

It can also be effectively strengthened using biological methods (planting). Ideally, biological enhancement methods should be combined with engineering ones.

Eighth stage. We design an artificial pond

There are several ways to decorate a pond. To make it a full-fledged design element, we use one or more of the methods below.

As a conclusion. Features of care

Finally, a few words about further care of the artificial reservoir.

Video - Creating a pond from film

An artificial pond allows you to transform the design of any summer cottage. Having a little experience in performing landscape work or at least a high-quality theoretical basis, you can handle the arrangement of a reservoir in your dacha yourself.

First of all, select best option stylistic design of an artificial reservoir. At this stage, focus on the design of the house and the overall exterior of the site.

A landscape pond of natural shape will look great in the depths of the site near the gazebo or next to the terrace - this way you can sit comfortably while relaxing and contemplate the water surface of your own pond.

When choosing a design, be guided by your personal preferences. For example, a pond can be decorated discreetly in Japanese motifs. To decorate the pond in Japanese style conifers and stones are used different sizes.

Chinese-style ponds are more lush and colorful. Main decorative element Such a pond is a tree with bright foliage. A decorative element in the form of a curved bridge will also look great.

If desired, the pond can be decorated in a style known as “nature garden”. This option involves using only those plants that grow directly in the region where the reservoir is located to decorate the pond, without using various kinds exotic plantings.

A simple body of water, rectangular or square shape It will look good close to home. Such reservoirs look pretty good in patios, they also go well with the patio, especially if there are linear paths nearby or neat linear flower beds.

The composition of the pond and the paths leading to it looks very beautiful. Perfect for arranging paths terrace board, stones or slabs are also a win-win option.

A cascade of reservoirs of different sizes, interconnected by small waterfalls, looks good.

Round ponds are also well suited for decorating a summer cottage. Such ponds are best placed on open lawns or near a group of small trees.

Round ponds are much easier to manufacture. To arrange them you can use ready-made designs- plastic containers, concrete rings required sizes etc.

Where to make an artificial pond?

Select optimal place for arranging a reservoir. The service life of the pond directly depends on this. If placed incorrectly, the water will “bloom” or become swampy. Therefore, it is very important to find that golden mean.

Choose a place to place the pond so that the water is illuminated by the sun for about 5-6 hours a day. It is not advisable to arrange a pond under shady plantings, since in this case the foliage will greatly pollute the water.

Reservoir dimensions

When choosing the size of a pond, proceed from the fact that ideally the reservoir should account for about 3% of the total area of ​​the summer cottage.

However, if the site has, for example, an area of ​​6 acres, it is unlikely that anyone will decide to allocate as much as 3% for the development of a reservoir. usable area. Therefore, in terms of the size of the reservoir, the owner must make a decision independently.

When choosing the optimal dimensions of a pond, be guided by your own physical and material capabilities. Also make sure that the size of the reservoir fits well with other elements of the landscape of the site.

As for the depth, according to this indicator it is recommended to divide the artificial reservoir into 3 levels, namely:

• for coastal plantings;
• shallow level for water lilies;
• deep level for fish if you plan to place them in your pond.

Don't make the pond too deep. For example, for wintering fish, a depth of about 1.5-1.8 m will be sufficient (below the freezing point of the soil), so that it accounts for about 20% of the total area of ​​the pond.

The simplest option for independently arranging a reservoir on a private plot is to use ready-made tanks made of plastic and other suitable materials, additionally reinforced with fiberglass.

Water tanks can have a wide variety of sizes and shapes. Quality products They tolerate mechanical loads, sun light, cold temperatures, and the influence of root systems of aquatic plantings well.

There are small and medium-depth reservoirs. On average, the area of ​​such forms does not exceed 8 m2.

First step

Determine where to place the form. Place the tank on the ground and mark the outline of the tank using pins and string.

Second step

Remove the mold and start digging the hole. The recess must completely correspond to the shape of the container. In this case, the dimensions of the pit should be approximately 100 mm greater than the dimensions of the container in each direction, as well as in depth.

Third step

Fill the bottom of the hole with a 10 cm layer of sand. The backfill must be thoroughly compacted.

Fourth step

Armed with a building level, make sure the tank is level. Any detected deviations should be corrected immediately.

Fifth step

Fill the perfectly leveled mold with water to about a third of its volume.

Sixth step

Fill the gaps between the walls of the tank and the pit with moistened sand. Compact the sand as thoroughly as possible. At the same time, fill the tank with water completely.

Seventh step

Arrange the pond at your discretion. Plant your preferred plants. First, arrange the plantings at the deepest level, gradually moving towards the banks of the pond.

With this, the simplest pond for a summer residence is ready. If you wish, you can populate it with fish and other living creatures.

Equip country pond possible without the use of ready-made tanks. The advantage of this method is the ability to create designs of a wide variety of shapes and dimensions - you can fully demonstrate your design potential.

It is more difficult to create a pond without a ready-made form, but this way you can bring it as close to its natural appearance as possible.

A special film will be used for insulation. She may have different widths, as well as thickness and color. When choosing a thickness, be guided, first of all, by the dimensions of the future reservoir. For small pond will be sufficient insulating material about 0.5 mm thick, but for larger reservoirs you need to use insulation with a thickness of at least 0.8 mm.

First step

Having decided on the shape and location of the reservoir, mark its future outlines directly on construction site. You can use pegs and rope for marking.

Second step

Dig a hole according to the prepared markings. Think in advance about how and where the excavated soil will be removed.

Select the depth of the pit yourself, but it cannot be less than 0.8 m. Additionally, you need to add 10 cm to the planned depth for sand backfill.

In the process of digging a pit, carefully consider the order of arranging the shoreline. If you plan to create a pond for swimming, arrange the bank accordingly, and remove stones and roots of plantings from the bottom of the reservoir.

After completing the main earthworks Make sure the outer banks of the pond are level.

Third step

Dig a ditch around the pond. The depth is about 15 cm. This trench will allow you to securely fasten the insulating film.

Fourth step

Fill the bottom of the pit with a 10 cm layer of sand. Compact the backfill thoroughly.

Fifth step

Sixth step

Prepare the required amount of insulating film. Its dimensions must be such that the material protrudes beyond the boundaries of the pit. For determining optimal sizes add films to the length of the pond at two depths and about 50-60 cm on the banks.

First, let the film sit in the sun for a little while - after that it will be much easier to work with.

Insulating film is sold in rolls. Before you begin laying it, you will need to connect the strips of material from the roll using a special heating tool.

Seventh step

Lay the film over the bottom and walls of the pit, taking into account the planned shape of the bank. The film must be cut at a level of about 10 mm above the ground. Hide the edges of the insulation under beautiful stones, gravel or other similar material.

Eighth step

Start arranging your pond. Plant plants in baskets or special coastal embankments. If baskets are used, they must be filled with a special substrate. Do not plant plants in humus and peat.

If you want to populate a pond with fish and other living creatures, install a high-quality external filter. In combination with the filter, it is necessary to install a pump and a special sterilizer. These devices will allow you to get rid of various types of contaminants in a timely manner and will contribute to a significant improvement in the quality of water in an artificial pond.

At the end, all that remains is to fill the resulting structure with water.

Take care of your pond, remove various types of pollution in a timely manner, monitor the condition of the water and change it regularly so that your pond always remains beautiful and clean. Otherwise, you just need to follow the instructions received and everything will definitely work out.

Good luck!

Video - Do-it-yourself pond at the dacha

Even a small artificial pond made of plastic makes the cottage very cozy. You can set up a recreation area next to the pond.

Advantages:

• reasonable cost of plastic mold;
• easy preparation for container installation;
• shore strengthening and installation of terraces are not required;
• quick installation and dismantling of the reservoir;
• the ability to choose the shape and size of the plastic bowl;
• high decorativeness of the element;
• easy care;
• environmental friendliness;
• You can breed fish in an artificial reservoir based on a hard plastic bowl;
• carrying out the work does not require special skills.

Rigid base shape:

• round;
• oval;
• rectangular;
• wrong.

Pond container made of plastic high pressure, withstands operating loads well. With careful handling life time– up to 15 years.

There are no negative aspects of high-quality plastic. There are features that you need to know about before purchasing a bowl and installing the container.

Consider the nuances:

• dismantling for winter artificial reservoir not required. Helps prevent water from freezing right choice frame containers. Minimum depth – 80 cm;
• Before buying a bowl, think about the shape and decor of the future reservoir. Select a rigid container strictly according to your plan;
• If necessary, you need to completely change the water.

Plastic pond container

In any construction supermarket you will find bowls made from durable material various shapes and volume. Some details:

• The frame is made of durable plastic. There are forms on sale made of fiberglass, which are even more durable and reliable;
• a plastic bowl for a pond has a minimum volume of 135 liters, a maximum volume of up to 2000 liters;
• high-density polyethylene withstands water pressure on the walls of the bowl;
• the material does not crack during optimal conditions operation;
• The walls are easy to clean from plaque.

Installing a plastic pond at your dacha with your own hands

How to properly install an artificial garden pond made of plastic with your own hands? Any owner can handle installing a decorative plastic pond in his dacha.

Some useful tips:

• consider the size of the area;
• think over the design of the decorative element;
• choose a time when the ground is soft enough and get to work.

Video on how to dig and how to properly install a plastic pond at your dacha with your own hands, step-by-step instruction.

Choosing a place

Many owners of large plots make the same mistake: they believe that choosing a suitable location is not worth racking their brains for. The result is that the pond is constantly covered with leaves from trees located in the immediate vicinity of the pond.

Incorrect placement of the bowl leads to the fact that the seating area is constantly in the shade. Another option: in the water you see the reflection of outbuildings instead of willows bending over the water.

Consider the advice of landscape designers:

• A garden pond made of plastic should not be built next to planting sites. large quantities deciduous or coniferous trees;
• it is prohibited to install a rigid frame on slopes;
• the optimal place for arranging a pond of any size is a place covered with turf, located near bushes;
• do not place the container in the far corner of the garden;
• provide free access to the static reservoir from all sides;
• do not place the bowl next to old trees: their powerful root system will make digging a pit difficult. Roots can damage the plastic.

Choose the best combination of light and shadow. Then the plants near the pond and on its surface will receive sufficient lighting. Observe where the sun shines before 11 o'clock, and where shadow appears after 15 o'clock. Dig a pit there.

Photo of the design of a plastic pond at the dacha.

Choosing a plastic container

Useful tips:

• When purchasing, check the integrity of the structure. Do not drill into a bowl even with shallow cracks;
• want the pond container to remain in the ground all year round? Choose structures with a depth of 80 cm or more;
• Please note: the wall thickness is 3 mm, the bowl must be transported and placed carefully;
• check whether the bowl walls can be repaired. This characteristic is inherent in more durable fiberglass;
• A wide selection of shapes allows you to realize the most daring design ideas and select rigid containers of various configurations.

Plastic afraid of exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Be sure to protect the edges that protrude above the ground. You can decorate the adjacent area with artificial and natural stone.

How to dig in?

Prepare necessary tools, materials:

• building level;
• shovel;
• enough pegs for marking;
• plastic bowl;
• sand;
• decorative elements (tiles, different kinds stones, plants, pieces of brick and other materials).

Check again whether there is enough space around the future reservoir. Inattention to the markings of the site, haste can play a cruel joke. You don't want to dig a pit twice? Be responsible when choosing a location, taking measurements, and marking the site.

How to install a container for a decorative garden pond? Procedure when installing a pond:

• outline the outline of the future reservoir;
• turn the bowl over, trace the contours;
• dig a pit according to the markings;
• Level the ground, check the bottom line for level. The surface must be strictly horizontal;
• Please note - the depth should be 40 cm greater than the height of the container;
• prepare " sand cushion»;
• Cover the bottom of the pit with sand. Layer – at least 20 cm;
• compact the layer well;
• pour water over the “sand cushion”;
• place the bowl, fill it with water;
• Fill the gaps between the walls and the ground with sand.

The plastic pond is almost ready. Wait a day and check if new gaps have formed due to the settled “cushion”. Add sand if necessary. All that remains is to decorate the edges, give beautiful view nearby territory.

Video about installing a garden plastic pond at the dacha.

Arrangement

Decorate the edges decorative pond every owner can make it from plastic even without skills landscape design. If the reservoir is small, choose a simpler decor; do not pile up stones or plants, behind which the water surface will not be visible. How larger area, the higher the flight of fancy. You can implement many interesting ideas.

In the photo, you can see examples of how to design a plastic pond in the country.

Decor

Listen to the advice of experts for designing an artificial plastic pond:

• select decorative elements that are in harmony with the overall design of the garden or summer cottage;
• use both natural and artificial materials;
• be sure to cover the protruding edges of the plastic bowl and protect them from exposure to UV rays;
• plant plants that prefer high humidity next to the artificial pond;
• place lanterns near the pond, floor lamps shaped like a ball (moon). The reflections on the water create a romantic atmosphere;
• lay some garden paths, make the approach to the reservoir convenient;
• with a large area garden plot Place a recreation area near the pond. Install benches, a gazebo, and a fountain.

The area around the reservoir should not hide most of the water surface from view. Before planting plants, check what their maximum height is and whether they will close the pond in a year or two. The pond is the central feature on this piece of your site. Remember this.

Photo: finished design and arrangement of an artificial plastic pond, which you can repeat with your own hands..

Care

What is good about a plastic bowl? Maintain the good condition of the artificial reservoir static type not difficult at all.

What care is needed for plastic pond? The rules are simple:

• regularly remove fallen leaves and debris from the surface;
• During leaf fall, stretch a net over the pond. Then you can easily collect fallen leaves;
• Change the water completely as needed. This way you will prevent flowering, stagnation of water, and the spread of an unpleasant odor;
• After draining the water, it is advisable to clean the walls from plaque with a brush with a long handle and spray them with water from a hose.

Now you know that setting up a pond based on a ready-made rigid container is quite simple. Choose a suitable place, buy quality plastic container, install the bowl according to the rules.