Types of statutes of the armed forces. Military regulations. Types and their purpose

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There are 18 presentations in total in the topic

This Charter defines the general rights and duties of the military personnel of the Armed Forces and the relationship between them, the duties of the main officers of the regiment and its units, as well as the rules internal order.

The charter of the internal service is guided by all military personnel of military units, ships, headquarters, departments, institutions, enterprises, organizations and military educational institutions vocational education("military units") of the Armed Forces Russian Federation. The provisions of the Charter, including the duties of officials of the regiment and its units, apply equally to servicemen of all military units, ships and units. The duties of officials not specified in the Charter are determined by the relevant provisions, instructions and guidelines.

The Charter applies to military personnel border troops, internal troops Ministry of the Interior, Railway Troops, Troops civil defense, servicemen of the system of federal state security bodies. Main Directorate of Security of the Russian Federation, Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation, State fire service Ministry of Internal Affairs and other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation.

On ships, the internal service and duties of officials are additionally determined by the Ship Charter Navy.

During wartime in field conditions and in peacetime, in exercises and classes for training military personnel to act in combat, internal service is determined by combat regulations, instructions for ensuring combat operations, as well as this Charter.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. The daily life and activities of servicemen in the military unit are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the internal service.

The internal service is intended to maintain internal order and military discipline in the military unit, ensuring its constant combat readiness, training of personnel, organized performance of other tasks by them in daily activities maintaining the health of military personnel. It is organized in accordance with the provisions of this Charter with strict observance of the legislation of the Russian Federation. Article 2. Internal service requires organized actions of military personnel, regardless of their desires. Fulfillment of the requirements of the internal service develops a sense of responsibility, independence, accuracy and conscientiousness among military personnel. Mutual understanding, benevolence and willingness to help each other contribute to the strengthening of military camaraderie, the rallying of military teams, and allow not only to carry out tasks in daily activities, but also to withstand severe trials in a combat situation.

Article 3. The requirements of the internal service must be known and conscientiously supplemented by each serviceman. At the start of the passage military service the soldier needs special attention. Strict control on the part of commanders (chiefs) and their personal example help the soldier quickly understand the rules of internal service.

Article 4 When placing several units in the same room, the commanders of which do not have a common immediate superior, by order of the commander of the military unit, the leadership of the internal service is assigned to the commander of one of these units. The direct organizer of the internal service in a military unit is the chief of staff, and at the location of the company - the foreman of the company.

Responsibility for the state of internal service in subordinate troops rests with all direct commanders. They are obliged to provide subordinate military units and subunits with assistance in organizing and ensuring the fulfillment of the requirements of the internal service and systematically check its condition.

The disciplinary charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, its main requirements and content.

This Charter defines the essence of military discipline, the duties of military personnel to comply with it, the types of incentives and disciplinary sanctions, the rights of commanders (chiefs) to apply them, as well as the procedure for submitting and considering proposals, applications and complaints.

All military personnel of military units, ships, headquarters, departments, institutions, enterprises, organizations and military educational institutions of vocational education ("military units") of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, regardless of their military ranks, official position and merits, must be strictly guided by the requirements of this Charter.

The Charter applies to servicemen of the border troops, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, railway troops, civil defense troops, and the system of federal state security agencies. Main Directorate of Security of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation.

In addition, the provisions of the Disciplinary Regulations apply to citizens discharged from military service with the right to wear military uniform clothes, when they wear military uniforms.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Military discipline is the strict and exact observance by all military personnel of the order and rules established by laws, military regulations and orders of commanders (chiefs).

Article 2. Military discipline is based on the awareness of each soldier of military duty and personal responsibility for the defense of his Fatherland, on his selfless devotion to his people.

The main method of educating highly disciplined military personnel is persuasion. However, persuasion does not preclude the use of coercive measures against those who are not conscientious in the performance of their military duty.

Article 3. Military discipline obliges every serviceman:

be faithful to the Military Oath, strictly observe the Constitution and laws of the Russian Federation;

perform one's military duty skillfully and courageously, conscientiously study military affairs, take care of military and state property;

steadfastly endure the difficulties of military service, do not spare your life to fulfill military duty;

be vigilant, strictly keep military and state secrets;

maintain the rules of relations between military personnel determined by military regulations, strengthen military partnership;

show respect to commanders (chiefs) and each other, observe the rules of military greeting and military courtesy;

behave with dignity in public places, not to allow himself and to keep others from unworthy acts, to contribute to the protection of the honor and dignity of citizens.

Article 4. High military discipline is achieved:

instilling in military personnel high moral, psychological and combat qualities and conscious obedience to commanders (chiefs);

the personal responsibility of each serviceman for the performance of his duties and the requirements of military regulations;

maintaining internal order in the military unit (subdivision), strict observance of the daily routine by all military personnel;

a clear organization of combat training and its full coverage of personnel;

everyday exactingness of commanders (chiefs) to subordinates and control over their diligence, respect "for the personal dignity of military personnel and constant concern for them, skillful combination and correct application measures of persuasion, coercion and social influence of the collective;

the creation in the military unit (subdivision) of the necessary material and living conditions.

Article 5. The commander and deputy commander for educational work are responsible for the state of discipline in a military unit (subunit), who must constantly maintain high military discipline, require subordinates to observe it, encourage the worthy, strictly but fairly exact from the negligent.

Article 6. In order to maintain high military discipline in a military unit (subdivision), the commander is obliged:

study the personal qualities of subordinates, maintain the rules of relations between them determined by military regulations, rally the military team, strengthen friendship between servicemen of different nationalities;

to know the state of military discipline and the morale and psychological state of personnel, to achieve a common understanding by subordinate commanders (chiefs) of the requirements, tasks and methods for strengthening military discipline, to direct their activities to strengthen military discipline and improve the morale and psychological state of personnel, to teach the practice of applying incentives and imposition of disciplinary sanctions;

immediately eliminate revealed violations of the rules of service and resolutely suppress any actions that may harm the combat capability of a military unit (subunit); organize legal propaganda and carry out work to prevent crimes, incidents and misdemeanors;

to educate subordinates in the spirit of unswerving compliance with the requirements of military discipline and high diligence, to develop and maintain their self-esteem, consciousness of military honor and military duty, to create in a military unit (subdivision) an intolerant attitude towards violations of military discipline, especially the statutory rules of relations between military personnel, facts of social injustice, widely using publicity;

systematically analyze the state of military discipline and the moral and psychological state of the servicemen subordinate to him, timely and objectively report them to a higher commander (chief), and immediately about crimes and incidents.

Respect for the individual, national dignity, concern for the social and legal protection of military personnel is the most important duty of the commander (chief). The commander (chief), who allowed the concealment of violations of military discipline, crimes of accidents, is held accountable.

Article 7. The commander (chief) must be close to his subordinates, know their needs and requests, seek their satisfaction, prevent rudeness and humiliation of the personal dignity of his subordinates, constantly serve as an example of strict observance of laws, military regulations and orders, be an example of moral purity, honesty, modesty and fairness.

Each serviceman must be confident in the protection of his rights and legitimate interests, feel the care of the commander (chief) about the implication of his personality, about respect for his honor and dignity.

Article 8 timely prevention of violations of military discipline. Not a single violator of military discipline should escape responsibility, but not a single innocent should be punished.

A commander (chief) who has not provided the necessary conditions for observing the statutory order and requirements of military discipline, who has not taken measures to restore them, is responsible for this.

3a crimes, incidents and misconduct of subordinates that are not a direct consequence of the activities of the commander (chief) or his failure to take measures to prevent them, he is not responsible.

Each serviceman is obliged to assist the commander (chief) in restoring order and discipline. For evading assistance to the commander (chief), the serviceman is responsible.

Article 9. The right of the commander (chief) to give an order and the obligation of the subordinate to obey implicitly are the basic principles of unity of command.

In case of open disobedience or resistance, the commander (chief) is obliged, in order to restore order and discipline, to take all coercive measures established by laws and military regulations, up to the arrest of the perpetrator and bringing him to criminal responsibility. At the same time, weapons can be used only in a combat situation, and in peacetime - in exceptional cases that brook no delay, in accordance with the requirements of the Charter of the Internal Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Article 10. Only direct supervisors and supervisors specified in the section "Imposition of disciplinary sanctions in special cases" (Chapter 3) can apply incentives and impose disciplinary sanctions.

The disciplinary power granted to junior superiors always belongs to senior superiors.

Article 11

A) junior sergeant, sergeant, foreman of the 2nd article and foreman of the 1st article - by the authority of the squad leader;

B) senior sergeant and chief foreman - by the authority of the deputy platoon commander;

C) foreman and chief ship foreman, warrant officer and warrant officer, senior warrant officer and senior warrant officer - by the authority of the foreman of the company (team);

D) junior lieutenant, lieutenant and senior lieutenant - by the authority of the platoon (group) commander;

E) captain and captain-lieutenant - by the authority of the company commander (ship of the 4th rank);

E) major, lieutenant colonel, captain of the 3rd rank and captain of the 2nd rank - by the authorities, commander of a battalion (ship of the 3rd rank);

G) colonel and captain of the 1st rank - by the authority of the commander of the regiment (ship of the 1st rank);

3) major general and rear admiral - by the authority of the division commander;

I) lieutenant general and vice admiral - by the authority of the corps (squadron) commander;

K) colonel-general and admiral - by the authority of the commander of the army (flotilla);

L) general of the army, admiral of the fleet and Marshal of the Russian Federation - by the authority of the commander of the troops of the district, front, group of troops, fleet.

In the temporary performance of duties in the service, commanders (chiefs) use disciplinary power according to the position declared in the order.

Article 12. Deputy commanders of subunits, military units and formations, senior assistant commanders of ships in relation to their subordinates enjoy disciplinary power one step lower than the rights granted to their immediate superiors.

On ships where there is a chief mate and an assistant ship commander, the latter enjoys disciplinary power one step lower than the rights granted to the chief mate.

Article 13 independent task outside the place of deployment of their unit, they use disciplinary power one step higher than the rights of their position.

Military personnel appointed by the heads of teams, in the cases indicated earlier, use disciplinary power: soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen - the power of the foreman of the company (team); having military rank foreman, chief ship foreman, ensign and midshipman - by the authority of the platoon (group) commander; ensigns and warrant officers holding the positions of commanders of inputs (groups) - by the authority of the company commander.

Article 14. Officers - commanders of subdivisions of listeners and cadets - in military educational institutions of vocational education use disciplinary power in relation to their subordinates one step higher than the rights of their position.

Article 15

Article 16. Deputy Ministers of Defense of the Russian Federation, commanders-in-chief of branches of the Armed Forces enjoy disciplinary power one step lower than the rights granted to the Minister of Defense.

Persons of the civilian personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in relation to military personnel enjoy disciplinary power in accordance with their regular position.

Charter of the garrison and guard services of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, its main requirements and content.

This Charter determines the purpose, organization and performance of garrison and guard services, the rights and obligations of garrison officials and military personnel performing these services, and also regulates the conduct of garrison events with the participation of troops.

The Charter applies to servicemen of the border troops, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, railway troops, civil defense troops, the system of federal state security bodies, the Main Directorate of Security of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs , other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation.

The charter of the garrison and guard services is guided by all military personnel and officials of military units, ships, headquarters, departments, institutions and military educational institutions of vocational education ("military units") of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Military units stationed permanently or temporarily in a settlement or outside it constitute a garrison. A large garrison, as a rule, includes all military units located in the nearest settlements.

Article 2. Garrison and guard services are organized in each garrison.

Garrison service aims to ensure the maintenance of military discipline in the garrison, the necessary conditions for Everyday life and training of troops, their organized exit on alarm and the holding of garrison events with the participation of troops.

The guard service is intended for the reliable protection and defense of combat banners, storage facilities with weapons, military equipment, other material means and other military and state facilities, as well as for the protection of persons held in a guardhouse and in a disciplinary battalion.

Article 3. The boundaries of the territory within which garrison service is organized are determined by the order of the commander of the troops of the military district. These boundaries, in addition to the points where the troops are located, may also include some nearby settlements and areas with importance to ensure the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to the military units of the garrison. The boundaries of the garrison must be well known to all personnel of the garrison.

Article 4. The leadership of the garrison and guard services within the military district is carried out by the commander of the troops of the military district, and within the garrison - by the head of the garrison.

When the military units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are located on the territory of another state, the management of the garrison and guard services, the boundaries of the garrisons are regulated by the status of the presence of Russian troops abroad, approved by an international agreement between the Russian Federation and the state on whose territory the military units are located. Responsibility for the state of the garrison and guard services in subordinate troops is also assigned to all direct commanders. Commanders of troops of military districts and all direct commanders are obliged to systematically check the state of garrison and guard services in subordinate troops, as well as to carry out activities with the commanders and military commandants of garrisons aimed at strengthening military discipline and order in the garrisons in every possible way. The orders of the commander of the troops of the military district and the head of the garrison on the organization and performance of garrison and guard services must be carried out by all military units, commands and individual servicemen of the Armed Forces, as well as other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation, located within the given military district (within the boundaries of the garrison).

Article 5. The leadership of the garrison and guard services in the garrisons, in which military units of the Navy predominate, is carried out by the commander of the fleet (flotilla). The list of such garrisons is announced by the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Article 6 .

Article 7. When troops are stationed at training grounds and in camps, measures to maintain military discipline, protect sites of training grounds and general camp facilities are carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the internal service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and this Charter.

Article 8. The military units that are part of the garrison are involved in the performance of garrison and guard services. The list of military units not involved in carrying out garrison and guard services in the garrison is established by the commander of the military district. The sequence of carrying out garrison and guard services in the garrison by military units is established by the head of the garrison, depending on their composition and purpose. Military educational institutions of vocational education are involved in the performance of garrison and guard services in the garrison within the time period provided for this purpose by the curriculum.

Article 9 military honors during the burial of military personnel and the laying of wreaths at the monuments and graves of soldiers who fell in battles for the freedom and independence of the Fatherland, and participation in the provision of garrison events.

Article 10. Every soldier is obliged to render assistance to persons carrying out garrison or guard duty. A serviceman who notices a violation of the rules of service by any of the patrols, inspectors of the military automobile inspection (VAI) or guards is obliged to immediately inform the military commandant of the garrison or the guard on duty (duty officer of the military unit, head of the guard) and report to his immediate superior .

Combat charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, its main requirements and content.

This Statute defines combat techniques and movement without weapons and with weapons; formation of divisions and military units on foot and in vehicles; the procedure for performing a military greeting, conducting a drill review; the position of the Battle Banner of the military unit in the ranks, the procedure for its removal and removal; duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks and requirements for their drill, as well as methods of movement of military personnel on the battlefield and actions in the event of a sudden attack by the enemy.

The Charter applies to servicemen of the border troops, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, railway troops, civil defense troops, the system of federal state security bodies, the Main Directorate of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation.

All military units, ships, headquarters, departments, institutions, enterprises, organizations and military educational institutions of vocational education (“military units”) of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation must be guided by the combat charter.

GENERAL PROVISIONS 1.

BUILD AND MANAGE THEM

Article 1

Article 2. Rank - a system in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line at established intervals.

Line of cars - a system in which cars are placed one next to the other on the same line.

Article 3. Flank - the right (left) end of the formation. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change.

Article 4. Front - the side of the formation, in which the military personnel are facing (cars - with the frontal part).

Article 5. Back side of the formation - the side opposite the front.

Article 6

Article 7. Distance - the distance in depth between servicemen (vehicles), subunits and units.

Article 8. The width of the formation - the distance between the flanks.

Article 9. Depth of formation - the distance from the first line (a soldier standing in front) to the last line (behind a standing soldier), and when operating on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (a vehicle standing in front) to the last line of vehicles (behind a standing vehicle).

Article 10. Two-rank formation - a formation in which servicemen of one rank are located in the back of the head of a serviceman of another rank at a distance of one step (outstretched arm, palm placed on the shoulder of the soldier in front of him). The ranks are called the first and second. When you turn the formation, the names of the ranks do not change.

A row - two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head one another. If a serviceman of the first line does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the second line, this is called incomplete. When turning the two-rank formation around, the serviceman of the incomplete row passes into the front standing rank.

Article 11 Single-rank and double-rank formations may be closed or open. In close formation, military personnel in ranks are located at the front one from the other at intervals equal to the width of the palm of their elbows. In an open formation, military personnel in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or intervals indicated by the commander.

Article 12. A column is a formation in which servicemen are located at the back of each other's head, and subunits (vehicles) are one after the other at distances established by the Charter or by the commander. Columns can be one, two, three, four or more. Columns are used to build subunits and units in a deployed or marching formation.

Article 13. Deployed formation - a formation in which subunits are built on the same line along the front in a single-rank or two-rank formation (in a line of vehicles) or in a line of columns for an interval established by the Charter or the commander. The deployed system is used for inspections, calculations, reviews, parades, and also in other necessary cases.

Article 14. March formation - a formation in which a subunit is built in a column or subunits in columns are built one after another at distances established by the Charter or by the commander. The marching formation is used for the movement of a unit when making a march, passing through a solemn march, with a song, and also in other necessary cases.

Article 15 The rest of the military personnel (subdivisions, vehicles) coordinate their movement along the guide.

Trailing - a soldier (unit, car), moving last in the column.

Article 16. The control of the formation is carried out by commands and orders, which are given by the commander by voice, signals and personal example, as well as transmitted using technical and mobile means. Commands and orders can be transmitted along the column through the commanders of subunits (senior vehicles) and designated observers. Management in the car is carried out by commands and orders given by voice and by means of intercom. In the ranks, the senior commander is located where it is more convenient for him to command. The rest of the commanders give commands, remaining in the places established by the Charter or the senior commander. The commanders of subunits from a company and above in the march formation of a battalion and regiment are allowed to go out of action only to issue commands and check their execution.

Article 17. The command is divided into preliminary and executive; commands can be and only executive. The preliminary command is given clearly, loudly and lingeringly, so that those in the ranks understand what actions the commander requires of them. At any preliminary command, servicemen in the ranks take a combat stance, move to a combat stance while on the move, and out of formation turn towards the commander and take a combat stance. When performing tricks with weapons in the preliminary command, if necessary, the name of the weapon is indicated. For example: "Automatic machines on - CHEST". "Machine guns on - re-MEN", etc. The executive command (printed in large print in the Charter) is given after a pause, loudly, abruptly and clearly. On the executive command, its immediate and exact execution is carried out. In order to attract the attention of a unit or an individual soldier, in the preliminary command, if necessary, the name of the unit or the rank and surname of the soldier is called. For example: "Platoon (3rd platoon) - STOP." "Private Petrov, Kru-GOM." When giving commands, the voice should be commensurate with the width and depth of the system, and the report should be pronounced clearly, without a sharp increase in voice.

Article 18. Signals to control the formation and signals to control the machine are specified in appendices 3 and 4. If necessary, the commander assigns additional signals to control the formation.

Article 19. Commands relating to all units are accepted and immediately executed by all unit commanders and commanders (senior) of vehicles. When a command is transmitted by a signal, the “ATTENTION” signal is preliminarily given, and if the command refers to only one of the units, then a signal indicating the number of this unit is given. Readiness to accept a command by a signal is also indicated by the signal "ATTENTION". Receipt of a signal is confirmed by repeating it or by giving an appropriate signal to your unit.

Article 20 To cancel or terminate the execution of the reception, the command "STOP" is given. This command accepts the position that was before the reception was performed.

Article 21. During training, it is allowed to perform the drill techniques specified in the Charter and move through divisions, as well as with the help of preparatory exercises.

For example: "Assault rifle on the chest, according to the divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO, do - THREE." "To the right, along the divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO."

Article 22. When forming national teams, they are drilled into units. For calculation, military personnel line up in a single-rank or two-rank system and are calculated according to the general numbering, as indicated in Art. 85. After that, depending on the size of the team, a calculation is made sequentially for companies, platoons and squads, and the commanders of these units are appointed. To participate in parades, as well as in other cases, a unit, by order of the commander, may form a common column of three, four or more. In this case, the construction is carried out, as a rule, by growth.

Article 23. The formation of subdivisions is carried out by the command “STAND”, before which the order of formation is indicated.

For example: “Squad, in one line - STAND”. On this command, the serviceman must quickly take his place in the ranks, dial the established interval and distance, and take a combat stance.

Article 24 Force. 2.

DUTIES OF COMMANDERS AND MILITARY SERVICE PERSONNEL BEFORE FINISHING AND IN SERVICE

Article 25. The commander is obliged: to indicate the place, time, formation order, uniform and equipment, as well as what kind of weapons and military equipment to have; appoint an observer if necessary; check and know the presence in the ranks of subordinates of your unit (unit), as well as weapons, military equipment, ammunition, funds personal protection and trench tool; verify appearance subordinates, as well as the availability of equipment and the correct fit; to maintain the discipline of the formation and require the exact execution of commands and signals by the subunits, and by the military personnel of their duties in the formation; when giving commands on foot, take a combat stance on the spot; when building subunits with weapons and military equipment, make an external inspection of them, as well as check the availability and serviceability of equipment for transporting personnel, the correct fastening of the transported (towed) material part and laying of property; remind personnel of safety requirements; in movement, observe the established distances, speed and traffic rules.

Article 26. A serviceman is obliged: to check the serviceability of his weapons, assigned to him, weapons and military equipment, ammunition, personal protective equipment, entrenching tools, uniforms and equipment; carefully refuel the uniform, put on and adjust the equipment correctly, help a friend eliminate the noticed shortcomings; know your place in the ranks, be able to quickly, without fuss, take it; in motion, maintain alignment, established interval and distance; comply with safety requirements; not to break down (machines) without permission; in the ranks without permission, do not talk or smoke; be attentive to the orders and commands of your commander, quickly and accurately carry them out without interfering with others; transmit orders, commands without distortion, loudly and clearly. 5.

The text of the military oath

I, (last name, first name, patronymic), solemnly swear allegiance to my Motherland - the Russian Federation.

I swear to sacredly observe its Constitution and laws, strictly comply with the requirements of military regulations, orders of commanders and superiors.

I swear to honorably fulfill my military duty, courageously defend the freedom, independence and constitutional order of Russia, the people and the Fatherland.

Military regulations are official legal documents, regulating the behavior and activities of military personnel, life, life, service in the Armed Forces, training of personnel of subunits, units and formations and determining the basis of their combat operations. Military regulations are divided into combat and general military. Combat regulations determine the basics of combat operations of formations, units and subunits of a given branch of the Armed Forces in combat and operation.
General military regulations are the fundamental documents regulating the way of life and activities of the personnel of the Armed Forces. They define the relationship between military personnel, their general and official duties and rights, the procedure for carrying out internal, garrison and guard duty.
These include: Charter of the internal service; Charter of the garrison service; Charter of the guard service; Disciplinary charter; Construction charter. The new general military charters were approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 14, 1993.
In the Russian army, one of the first attempts to develop a unified procedure for military service in various conditions is the “Boyar verdict on the village and guard service. In 1607 it was compiled, in 1621 it was supplemented, and in 1671-1681. the "Charter of military, cannon and other matters relating to military science ..." was officially published, which determined the actions of the troops in various types fight.
In 1647, the charter "The doctrine and cunning of the military structure of infantry people" was issued - on the organization of troops, marching and combat formations, methods of action with weapons and other issues. These regulations took into account the combat experience of the armies and military regulations of the Western European states. At the beginning of the 18th century, charters appeared, created on the basis of the experience of the Russian army in past wars, and especially in the Northern War of 1700-1721.
In 1716, under the leadership of Peter I, the first charter for the regular Russian army was issued. It contained all the previously issued private instructions and instructions on military education and organization of the army. The charter covered all aspects of the life of the troops: questions of the organization of service, internal organization, training and education. In 1720, the Naval Charter was issued. In 1770 P.A. Rumyantsev wrote a "service detachment", which was later adopted as the Charter of the Russian army.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the Combat and Cavalry Charters appeared, at the beginning of the 20th century, the Charter of the Field Service (1904), the Infantry Charter (1908), the new Charter of the Field Service (1912) and others were introduced. The first charters in Krasnaya (later Soviet) Army were published after the victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution. On November 29, 1918, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee approved the Charter of the garrison service.
At the beginning of 1919, the Field, Combat and Disciplinary Regulations were approved. The content of these charters was then changed and supplemented, and after civil war they were radically reworked. In the period from 1937 to 1941, the following were put into effect: the Charter of the Internal Service, the Disciplinary and Combat Charters and the Charter of the Garrison and Guard Services. The content of the combat regulations has also changed. During the Great Patriotic War Based on the experience of military operations and changes in armament and organization of troops, the following were published:
Infantry combat charter (1942) Field charter of the Red Army (1943) and a number of charters of military branches. Based on the experience of the Great Patriotic War, a new Field Charter of the Armed Forces was issued.
The emergence of new weapons, which led to a change in the nature and methods of warfare, organization of troops, in the qualitative composition of military personnel, as well as the need to bring military regulations in line with new legislative acts, required a revision of existing regulations. AT Soviet army combat and general military regulations were revised in the 50s, 60s, 70s.
Charter of the internal service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 14, 1993. The Charter defines the general rights and obligations of the military personnel of the Armed Forces and the relationship between them, the duties of the main officials of the regiment and its units, as well as internal rules.
The charter of the internal service is guided by all military personnel of military units, ships, headquarters, departments, institutions, enterprises, organizations and military educational institutions.
On ships, the internal service and duties of officials are additionally determined by the Ship Charter of the Navy. See also the Internal Service Charter.
Disciplinary Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 14, 1993. The charter defines the essence of military discipline, the duties of military personnel to comply with it, the types of incentives and disciplinary sanctions, the rights of commanders (chiefs) to apply them, as well as the procedure for submitting and considering proposals, applications and complaints.
All military personnel of military units, ships, headquarters, departments, institutions, enterprises, organizations and military educational institutions are strictly guided by the requirements of the disciplinary Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Charter of the garrison and guard services of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 14, 1993.
The charter defines the purpose, organization and performance of garrison and guard services, the rights and obligations of garrison officials and military personnel performing these services, and also regulates the conduct of garrison events with the participation of troops.
Combat Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It was put into effect by order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation dated December 15, 1993 No. 600.
The charter defines combat techniques and movement without weapons and with weapons; formation of divisions and military units on foot and in vehicles; the procedure for performing a military greeting, conducting a drill review; the position of the Battle Banner of the military unit in the ranks, the procedure for its removal and removal; the duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks and the requirements for their drill training, as well as the methods of movement of military personnel on the battlefield and actions in the event of a surprise attack by the enemy.

In 1649, the Council Code (code of laws) fixed the obligations of the state to protect the property and other interests of military people, partially defined their rights and obligations, established responsibility for military crimes and violations of discipline.

The eighteenth century was a turning point for the Russian army. Creating a new regular army, Peter I " with an iron hand"Instilled strict discipline in her. The recruitment duty introduced by him forcibly tore the peasants from the land and gave them to military bondage for life (until 1793, soldier service was for life). There was a caste barrier between soldiers and officers. Cruel drill and cane discipline came to the army.

New relationships in the army required a deep study of military-legal issues in state normative documents. This work was carried out under the guidance and with the direct participation of Peter I. A number of documents (“Military Articles”, “Company Infantry Ranks”, “Charter of the Past Years”, etc.) outlined the procedure for military justice, the duties of military personnel and the rules of their behavior, penalties for misdemeanours.

In 1716, three military normative documents were adopted and put into effect: "Military Charter", "Military Article", "On Exercise". Since they began to be published in one book, they began to be considered three sections (parts) of the "Military Charter". The second section - "Military Article" was the prototype of the disciplinary charter. It contained information about the norms of criminal law, the structure of military courts and the procedure for considering cases in them. Regulations on military discipline and internal service. A military oath has been introduced and the procedure for its adoption has been determined.

The “military article” fixed the introduction of corporal punishment: “If a soldier arbitrarily spoils or breaks his gun, spade, sword, or something else from the supplies, then it is necessary to drive him cruelly with gauntlets.”

Peter I assigned a special place in the system of military education to the veneration of the Battle Banner. In the charter, this requirement was formulated succinctly and succinctly: "Whoever does not defend his banner or standard until the last hour of his life, he is not worthy to have the name of a soldier, but they have to be defamed, and when they are caught, they will be killed." The "Military Regulations" laid down the basic requirements of military discipline, but the very term "military discipline" did not yet exist. This concept was formulated only in the middle of the XVIII century.

The charter of 1716 significantly exceeded the charters of the Western European armies, its provisions remained in force without any changes until the end of the 19th century.

The harsh and dramatic 18th century produced many outstanding military leaders and generals. But a special place among them rightfully belongs to Field Marshal P. A. Rumyantsev and Generalissimo A. V. Suvorov. They won fame not only for outstanding victories, but also for creating the foundations of the system of training and education of military personnel, in which an important place was given to military discipline.

At the beginning of his military career in 1761, P. A. Rumyantsev, having taken command of the corps, developed a very interesting document “Institutions given from the lieutenant general and cavalier Rumyantsev to the corps under his main command, consisting, for the work of service agreed in all cases” . This document, which began to be used as a charter, provided for a set of measures to strengthen discipline and increase the combat capabilities of the corps.

In 1774, Count Vorontsov, at the direction and under the control of Rumyantsev, developed the "Instructions for company commanders." It contained many deep thoughts about strengthening military discipline, training troops, and preparing them for battle. The "Instructions ..." stated: "It is necessary to inspire the soldier with love and affection for the regiment in which he serves, explaining to him the regimental history, so that each honor deserved by the regiment is transferred to himself." The requirements for an officer as an educator of soldiers were set out in great detail: “If it is necessary that the captain, as the head of the company, be feared and revered by everyone, it is equally necessary that he be loved and have complete confidence in him. He must behave like a father with children, admonishing the dishonest, punishing the unworthy with mercy, celebrating and loving the good.

A. V. Suvorov paid great attention to the education of military personnel and the strengthening of discipline. From his subordinates, he demanded unquestioning diligence and strict discipline. “All the firmness of military government,” the commander believed, “is based on obedience, which must be kept holy.” At the same time, he teaches commanders to combine exactingness with constant concern for subordinates. “The company commander ... has true love for his subordinates, takes care of their comfort and pleasure, keeps them in strict military obedience and teaches them in everything that belongs to their position.”

Suvorov warns officers against cruelty towards soldiers: “A moderate military punishment, mixed with a clear and concise interpretation of an error, will touch an ambitious soldier more than cruelty that drives him to despair,” he believed.

Many advanced officers and generals were purposefully engaged in the issues of strengthening military discipline in the army. But the generally accepted system of strengthening military discipline did not exist then. For a long time in the Russian army there was no clear system of disciplinary sanctions, the procedure for their imposition and enforcement. The Military Criminal Charter, published in 1839, did not have a section on disciplinary action. The types and order of their imposition were determined by the commanders themselves. Punishment with rods and gauntlets flourished. Soldiers were often beaten to death for minor infractions. Punishment with gauntlets was abolished only in 1863, and with rods - in 1904.

Ahead of the Russian army was the transition to universal military service, which dramatically changed the attitude towards the soldier, who became a full member of society. This will be discussed in.