Business ideas paving slabs. Production of related products. Premises for a warehouse

The essence of the vile joke is that our world is a continuous show business, and we live in it (Musin Almat Zhumabekovich)

Paving slabs give a well-kept and presentable view path or path near the house or office, so very often people for exterior decoration outdoor areas prefer paving slabs. Among building materials the demand for it not only does not fall, but also increases. Therefore, the competition among manufacturers is quite high. However, this does not mean that production should not be opened.
This business is very demanded and profitable, so be competent in drawing up a business plan for manufacturing paving slabs and start your own business.

Business payback

Many qualified experts point out that the production of paving slabs is a profitable business, since the payback is over one hundred percent. Even defective products can be used, for example, in construction.

Business registration

The business registration process is quite simple, without certification. You just need to issue individual entrepreneur... If you want to produce a certified product and have confirmation of its quality, then you can issue a certificate in a special certification service. The service will check your product for different qualities, such as frost resistance, resistance, strength. You can easily get a certificate if your products pass these tests.

Production equipment

For the manufacture of paving slabs, use:

vibration casting technology;
vibrocompression technology.

To make tiles using vibrocompression technology, you need to purchase specialized equipment:

vibrating press (twenty thousand dollars);
concrete mixer (six thousand dollars);
punch (three thousand dollars).

The production of tiles using vibration casting technology will be much cheaper, since not so expensive equipment is needed:

vibrating table (four thousand dollars);
different types of forms (depending on the form, from one to eighteen thousand dollars apiece);
concrete mixer (six hundred dollars).

Production

In order to understand these processes, it is necessary to familiarize yourself in more detail with the production technology of paving slabs. To begin with, consider the technology of vibrocompression. The same technology is used in the manufacture of stones for walls and partitions, curbs.

Vibrocompression technology

Preparation of concrete mix

For cooking concrete mix use a concrete mixer. In order to understand how many concrete mixers you will need, you need to know how many layers your product will have. So, if the product has two layers, then you need two concrete mixers. Then the ready mix for the mold is transferred to the matrix of the vibrating press.

Forming forms

After moving the forming mass into the matrix, the punch with vibrators begins its work. The result of this work is vibration impulses, from which the mixture begins to thicken. This entire process takes five seconds. After that, the formed product goes to drying. Drying is carried out in one pallet, and for a new batch of goods, another pallet is needed.

Drying tiles

In order for the tile to have a finished look, it is necessary to use a heat-moisture drying. For this purpose, steam can be used successfully. If the funds do not allow using the heat-moisture method for drying tiles, then it is quite possible to dry almost finished products in the room itself. To guide you on the time required for drying, let's give an example: for concrete with a density of up to two MPa, it takes from five to eight hours.

Vibratory casting technology

production of concrete mix;
placing concrete on a vibrating table in special forms;
laying out finished forms on a pallet;
excerpt received ready mix v natural conditions two days;
heating the hardened form up to two minutes to a temperature of seventy degrees, knocking out the finished product.

Room selection

There are no special requirements or restrictions for the location of production facilities. An essential requirement for selection industrial premises is the square of the room, since it is necessary to place all the equipment.

It is desirable that the room be more than seventy square meters in size. The voltage in the network should be three hundred and sixty volts. And it will be necessary to equip a special room to accommodate the drying chamber, to set the temperature there to forty-five degrees.

Production area

In order to accommodate all the necessary specialized equipment and allocate space for storing the necessary materials and products, you will need a room of one hundred square meters. At the same time, the warehouse can be taken out separately, but it will also require one hundred square meters to set it up.

In this case, you can do without heating the workshop, since the heat will come from the production process itself. For a start, the finished material is left in the workshop, and only then is it transferred to the warehouse.

Staff recruitment

In order to produce 50 square meters of paving slabs per day, you just need to pick up three people.

The responsibilities of each will consist of:

concrete preparation process,
press feed,
sending the product to dry.

After the manufacture of paving slabs, the question of its implementation becomes. Naturally, you want to have a wide base of regular customers, so you need to provide them with a wide range of paving slabs you produce. And for this, even during the development of a business plan, it is necessary to provide for the manufacture of tiles of different sizes and colors, with a variety of shapes.

It is recommended at the start of a business to target individuals or small entrepreneurs who purchase paving slabs for their needs. Large orders should be taken later, when you consolidate your positions in the first segment.

Production costs

Primary investment expenditure in the paving slab business:

start-up and adjustment of production - 100,000 rubles;
melting and heating unit - 550,000 rubles;
press (for example, D2430) - 468,000 rubles;
concrete mixer (for example, SBR-500) - 70,000 rubles;
press (for example, PP TR) - 210,000 rubles;
scales (for example, MK-15.2) - 4,100 rubles.

Total: 1,403,000.00 rubles

Wage

For production, it will be enough to hire three people and appoint them to the following positions with the following salary:

manager (24 thousand rubles),
melting and heating unit operator (24 thousand rubles)
worker (22 thousand rubles)

Based on this size wages, the cost of payroll will be 70,000 rubles (if employees work in one shift) and, accordingly, 140,000 rubles (if employees work in two shifts).

When calculating the cost of one square meter finished products payroll costs will amount to 33.34 rubles.

It is also necessary to include in the cost of one square meter of finished products and the size of the unified social tax, which is 26%. Thus, he gives 8.7 rubles.

You can calculate the cost of the rent: if one square meter costs one hundred rubles, then the rent of the entire premises will cost 10,000 rubles. In this case, the rent for calculating the cost of one square meter of finished products will be 2.40 rubles.

The costs of the necessary material and energy carriers

For the manufacture of products, you will need the following material:

polymer;
construction sand;
coloring pigment.

Composition of a mixture of polymer and sand:

polymer - 24, 60%;
sand-75%;
pigments - 0.40%.

We take into account the average price of materials:

sand - 0.33 rubles per kilogram;
pigment - 50 rubles per kilogram;
polymer - 13.60 rubles per kilogram.

Thus, one ton of the above material will amount to 3795 rubles.

At the same time, to calculate the cost of one square meter of finished products, the cost of raw materials will be 136.60 rubles.

The equipment uses electricity per shift:

press - 22 kW; melting and heating unit - 100 kW;
light bulbs - 12 kW;
concrete mixer - 1.5 kW.

Total: 135.5 kW are used per shift.

Taking into account the payment of 4.03 rubles per 1 kW / h, the cost of electricity per square meter of finished product will amount to 7.8 rubles.

Calculation of the cost of one meter of square paving slabs:

Final calculations:

Output

This type of business belongs to one of the fastest payback businesses. Anyone can organize this business, since there are no special difficulties in the manufacture of paving slabs. The indisputable advantage is quick payback business. The disadvantages include the seasonality of the work and the monotony of the process itself.

The first stage in organizing a business for the production of paving slabs is to study the situation in your city and region in terms of demand for these products and competition. By summarizing the research results in a single table, you can decide on which type of tile you should focus on. Today the market offers clinker tiles made by vibrocasting and vibrocompression.

To make clinker, you need special types clays and expensive firing equipment. This tile is distinguished by its high quality, durability and many other advantages. The downside is the high cost. A beginner with a small start-up capital and lack of experience should not choose this direction. If you are a specialist in the production of clinker tiles and decide to start your own business, have reliable information about the demand for these products, have access to cheap and high-quality raw materials, draw up a business plan, attract investments and start organizing.

The technology of manufacturing paving stones by the vibrocasting method is distinguished by its comparative simplicity and the lowest cost price. A reasonable compromise between durability and price makes this type of tile the most popular.

The manufacturing technology by vibrocompression is more complex, which increases the cost of tiles.

The main risks

The main disadvantage of this direction is its heavy dependence on the season. In autumn and winter, the number of orders is sharply reduced, since the laying of paving slabs is possible only under certain weather conditions. Consider making tiles for interior decoration during these periods.

There is an opinion that the technology for manufacturing paving stones is very simple and does not require special knowledge. Nuances known only to professionals are present in any production. If you are not an experienced professional, be sure to hire such a person. The slightest deviations in the choice of raw materials or inaccuracies in adherence to technology will lead to a decrease in the quality of the paving stones. Defect may be invisible at first glance, but it will certainly affect the durability of paving slabs, its ability not to collapse under the influence of low temperatures.

Location

It is advisable to start looking for premises from areas and industrial zones in which cheap raw material bases operate. This will save on the delivery of raw materials. The second landmark is a convenient transport interchange.

For the production of paving slabs, vacant production or storage facilities are suitable. For small production (up to 100 m² per shift), the minimum area is about 80 m². The room requirements are as follows:

Tile manufacturing technology requires special temperature regime(+ 40 ... + 45 ° С constantly) for premises equal in size to the workshop, under drying chambers and warehouse. For this, it should be possible to organize good heating and warm floors, insulate the walls. In the workshop, heating is also desirable, since here the air temperature should not fall below +15 ° C.
- For uninterrupted operation of the equipment, a three-phase power network is required with a voltage of 380 W.
- Required availability cold water or the possibility of its supply and sewerage, the presence of hot is also desirable.
- It is advisable to organize the area for the warehouse with a significant reserve. In the event of an increase in production volumes or the presence of leftovers of unsold products, you will not face the problem of finding a place to store finished tiles.
- Consider the possible factor of manual loading and unloading of raw materials and finished paving stones. Try to organize the space in such a way that these processes take place with the least expenditure of time and effort.

Equipment

Consider the kit mandatory equipment for the manufacture of paving slabs by vibration casting.

2 concrete mixers. The price of one is 8-15 thousand rubles.
Forms for filling. Polyurethane withstand 100 cycles, plastic - about 250, rubber - 500. The minimum price of molds for the manufacture of 1 m² - 250 rubles. Forms for the manufacture of gutters and curbs, the minimum price for 1 m² - 200 rubles.
Vibrating table. The price is about 30 thousand rubles.
Stripping table. The price is about 17 thousand rubles.
Tile drying racks in molds can be made from metal yourself.
Reinforced PVC foil for covering molds. The minimum price is 50 rubles per running meter.
Hydraulic rocker. The minimum price is 7 thousand rubles.
Packaging device. The minimum price is 4 thousand rubles.
Pallets (pallets). The price is about 500 rubles. You can do it yourself.

The vibrocompression technology is based on the method of compaction of a semi-dry concrete mixture with a low water and cement content using vibration. To manufacture paving slabs using this method, you need the following equipment:

Vibropress. Price - 25 thousand - 4 million rubles.
Technological pallets for vibrocompression. Price - 2-6 thousand rubles.

For the manufacture of clinker paving slabs, the following equipment is required:

Extruder
Forming press. Better to buy models different types(belt, rotary, lever, vacuum).
Pre-drying chamber.
Tunnel type kiln.

It is better to order a line for the production of clinker paving stones from manufacturers. This equipment is extremely rare on the free market and is very expensive. When manufacturing a line to order, the price depends entirely on the specifics of a particular production.

It is advisable to organize the delivery of paving stones to customers on their own. It is unprofitable to rent a vehicle for this purpose. Better buy your own truck... This will allow providing customers best service and not to depend on possible transport problems of raw material suppliers.

Personnel

The most important employee in the production of paving slabs - experienced master, fluent in manufacturing technology. The number of ancillary workers depends on the volume of production. For the production of up to 100 m² per shift, a team of 4-5 people is enough.

An experienced part-time accountant can be trusted to manage the financial statements of a small firm.

A huge competitive advantage is given to paving slab manufacturers who provide comprehensive services. You can hire several employees to lay out the paving stones at the client's site. This not only increases the chances of attracting more customers, but also minimizes losses in the event of downtime arising from the peculiarities of the tile manufacturing technology or the lack of orders.

Documents and licenses

It is not necessary to obtain any licenses or certificates to open a workshop for the production of paving slabs. It is enough to register an individual entrepreneur, issue permits in fire brigade and a pension fund (if hired employees are available).

If you plan to work with large customers and expand your company, it is better to register an LLC. More complex tax calculations and the registration process pay off with high opportunities for attracting investments, orders from legal entities and reducing the risk of losing personal property or funds in the event of bankruptcy.

It is also advisable to pass the voluntary certification procedure. The cost of the examination ranges from 5-15 thousand rubles. For buyers, the availability of documents confirming the compliance of the tiles state standards and its high quality often becomes a decisive factor in choosing a manufacturer.

Marketing

Expensive advertising in the media is too expensive for a beginner entrepreneur, and it does not bring much effect. Plain advertisements for the manufacture and installation of paving stones will ensure a good flow of first private clients. The best places for posting ads - cottage and holiday villages, railway stations, bus stops, shops.

Be sure to use the capabilities of the Internet. Post information about your business on local or regional advertising and information sites. This method of advertising allows you to reach the maximum audience of potential customers with minimal costs. Be sure to post photos of completed orders, tell us about the tile manufacturing technology, the benefits of your products. Visualization and specifics will provide a lot of clients. Don't forget about feedback from grateful customers. Only their presence can tip the scales in your favor when choosing between similar products and cost.

To conclude contracts with large construction companies or others legal entities the owner of the firm must personally visit the managers and submit a commercial proposal. Quality certificates, high-quality booklets with photographs of product samples, favorable prices and a description of production facilities - everything will work to increase the chances of getting a large order.

Study new technologies and introduce them into production. If you master the manufacture of polymer, glowing, rubber or 3d tiles, an endless stream of customers will be provided.

Summary

Minimum start-up capital to enter the paving slab business is about 500 thousand rubles (equipment + repair of premises + raw materials). You should have in stock about 200 thousand rubles for operating expenses in the first period before reaching normal profits.

The average cost of manufacturing 1 m² of paving stones by vibration casting is 200-220 rubles. The selling price is 330-350 rubles per 1 m². we can conclude that the profitability of the business is 50%. In the absence of downtime, payback can be achieved in a few months.

Modern construction is not complete without paving slabs, so many entrepreneurs are establishing own production concrete products. In order to fully and accurately assess the profitability, to compare the advantages and disadvantages of such a business, it is necessary to study this issue thoroughly.

Paving slab production: niche assessment

Paving slabs are in high demand in any region of the country. It has the widest assortment not only in shades, but also in shapes, configurations, sizes. With its help, you can create true masterpieces on the streets of the city and private territories. Therefore, the production of paving slabs is considered the most profitable business in our time.

In order for your tiles to be successful, you must adhere to the basic manufacturing techniques. Must be sustained performance characteristics:

resistance to frost and high temperatures;
strength;
endurance to mechanical stress;
durability, and more.

If we evaluate the sales niche, then the most popular is vibropressed paving slabs. For example, ordinary paving stones are the best sellers - they are bought in 60 cases out of 100. The rest of the types are distributed approximately the same - 20-40%.

Characteristics of the most popular types of paving slabs

Vibropressed... It is made from a concrete mixture. During production, special vibrocompression equipment is used. Refers to the most common. Possesses high quality indicators and a wide range.

Vibrocast... It is made according to the previous method, but with the difference that the tile is not subjected to pressing, but is made by casting on vibration equipment... It also belongs to the demanded type, has a high quality.

Polymer-sandy... Polymeric substances are used in the manufacture. Differs in the widest range of shades and textures. It is possible to imitate stone, wood, slate and others natural materials... Durability is at a high level.

Glowing... Such a tile is not a leader in sales, as it has high cost... Most often it is bought for private territories. The quality indicators are good, it is used mainly for decorative purposes.

Rubber... In production, rubber raw materials are used. Distinctive feature- anti-slip properties. The quality is high.

Any manufacturer at the initial stage of starting a business is engaged in the manufacture of exclusively vibro-pressed and vibrated paving slabs. The fact is that such a building material requires a minimum investment and has high level payback. In 2-3 months, you can fully return the invested funds and get the first profit.

You can get acquainted with the technology of production of vibropressing paving slabs by watching the video:

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages:

payback rate;
the opportunity to earn 100-200 rubles per 1 sq. m. products, and this is a significant amount, since the buyer immediately purchases a large number of tiles;
a wide range of sales - from individuals to government agencies;
there is no seasonality in sales, since modern paving slabs can be installed in any weather conditions.

Disadvantages:

expensive equipment;
the need to invest initially a large amount of money;
will have to rent premises for a production workshop.

How to start the production of paving slabs: costs at the start

Before you start your own production of paving slabs, you need to calculate the costs at the start, that is, to determine the amount of capital investment. First of all, it is calculated production cost... Tiles are made of flat-cement concrete and a special plasticizer, which improves quality indicators. Cubic meter will cost you about 2800-3000 rubles. From a cubic meter, you can make about 15-17 square meters. m. paving slabs. Thus, average cost 1 sq. m. tiles will be at least 170 rubles.

Do not forget about spending on electricity, wages for workers, renting premises. There may be others as well. production costs... Therefore, you need to add at least 50 rubles to 170 rubles. Therefore, your paving slabs will cost you 220 rubles for at least 1 sq. m. There is an opportunity to purchase raw materials cheaper, but in this case, pay special attention to quality indicators.

Be sure to think about employees who will need to pay their salaries at the end of the month (week). Initially, you do not know how quickly the sale will go, so the amount for wages you should have in stock. If a small production is planned, for example, in a workshop of 50 sq. m, then it will be enough for you to hire only 2-3 workers.

Provided that you find buyers in a short time, the profitability of production will be 150%. To do this, at the initial stages, tiles can be made from inexpensive materials.

Registration and certification

For your business to be legal, you need to register. In case of small production, registration as an individual entrepreneur is possible. This will make it possible to choose a profitable and simplified taxation system, which will amount to only 6%. No special certification is required for paving slabs, which further simplifies the task. However, the majority of buyers require to provide them with a quality certificate, so it is advisable to order it additionally. To do this, you need to contact the certification service and provide them with samples of each of your products. The service checks the degree of moisture resistance, strength, resistance to various temperature extremes. Resistance to mechanical stress, fading in the sun and color retention must be taken into account.

Organization, equipment

To properly organize your business, you first need to purchase the appropriate equipment. It must be reliable and of high quality. If you do not have the required amount, you can initial stages rent. You will need the following:

For vibro-pressed paving slabs you need vibropress... The price for foreign manufacturers is about $ 20,000. You need to purchase it additionally concrete mixer, the cost of which is $ 5,000. You will also need punch for $ 3,000.
For the manufacture of vibrated paving slabs, you need to buy a special vibrating table... Its price is only $ 4,000. Concrete mixer can be purchased for as little as $ 600.
You cannot do without forms. One the form costs from $ 1 to $ 8.
Forms should be washed after each use. Therefore, you will need large capacity... Here you can use a regular bath. But if you decide to get a professional model, it will cost you at least $ 1,000.
To store finished products, you need to buy special pallets.
Purchase Desktop where you will remove the paving slabs from the mold.
You will also need a device for tensioning the clamping bands, staples, PP tape, stretch film, forklift.

Premises for a warehouse

The premises for the warehouse and the production itself can be rented or purchased. It must meet certain requirements:

the presence of heating, since the production requires an air temperature of 15-40 degrees;
central water supply;
electricity with a voltage of 380 volts;
the minimum area should be 50 sq. m;
ventilation.

Purchase of raw materials

In order to avoid unnecessary costs, it is necessary to correctly procure raw materials. For example, for the production of 30 sq. m. of paving slabs, you need to buy 0.8 tons of cement, 2.3 kg of plasticizer, 2.5 kg of sand-granite mixture and coloring pigments in the entire palette. Finding a supplier is easy enough. You can independently contact the management of the mining quarry. This method will prove to be the most beneficial. If this is not possible, you can find an intermediary company, and there are a lot of them today.

Try to purchase cement, pigments and other components from one manufacturer. This is especially important for the pigment, since each manufacturer has unique shades of the same color.
Warehouse space must be well ventilated and free from high humidity.
Fractions of crushed granite should be at least 5 mm, maximum 10.
The most popular plasticizer is C3.

When choosing a supplier, be sure to ask about his reputation and experience in the market. Remember, it must be reliable and proven.

How to implement? The most common ways

In the process of opening a production of paving slabs, take care of preliminary advertising. After all, this is how you can interest a potential buyer. Initially make tile samples different forms, sizes and shades. Create a product catalog, order brochures, which will contain information about the product, its advantage, assortment.

The most common and reliable ways of selling products:

It is best to post information on Internet sites.
It is advisable to create your own website.
You can also find customers through advertisements in a newspaper, magazine, on television, etc. It is especially important to place advertisements in a specialized construction publication, since it is the consumer audience that reads it.
Order advertising in public transport, starting from route taxi and ending with the subway.
Hang up advertisements in suburban settlements and in areas of the private sector, especially if it is an elite microdistrict.
A fairly popular method of self-advertising is participation in specialized exhibitions.
You can use the mailing list.
Organize a point of sale (even at the place of production).
Experienced manufacturers can also use an unusual marketing ploy. For example, offer a company or government agency a free service. That is, you will pave the paving slabs in front of the building completely free of charge. In return, you must be provided with advertising.

The main consumers of paving slabs

Who most often buys concrete products:

Construction companies of any type, purchasers for the construction of municipal structures, fulfillment of other types of orders.
Private persons.
Legal entities.

Making a tile is not easy, and it is even more difficult to sell it. The market is crowded different kinds suggestions. Tile manufacturers in last years there were a lot. When starting a business, you must solve the problem: to whom and how to sell tiles. This is very important because after hiring labor and purchasing equipment, you will have more serious problems. And it’s even worse if you don’t have sales channels at this time.

“The production of paving slabs is a business with a low threshold of entry. I bought a concrete mixer, a couple of molds, some raw materials, hired workers - that's the whole business. Such mini-productions are opened even in garage conditions", - says Alexandra Leonidova deputy. Development Director of ZAO Irkutskzolotoprodukt.

“The competition in our business is so great that, despite the rise in the price of cement by 30%, we are forced not to raise prices for tiles,” says Mikhail, one of the tile manufacturers.

In addition, most of the products are far from ideal in terms of quality. Saving at the start, manufacturers buy cheap equipment and use simple technology production by vibration casting. As a result, their products are much inferior in quality to those produced by companies with expensive and technological equipment.

Therefore, the only correct way today is to produce high-quality tiles at an affordable price (not higher than the market average). This is the only way you can count on the fact that your products will be in demand.

It is also worth considering the fact that the production of paving slabs is a seasonal activity. It is produced when the construction market comes to life, that is, in the spring. At other times of the year, it will not be possible to sell tiles, especially if production is open in the northern regions. For this reason, for many enterprises this is more of an additional profile of activity, rather than the main direction.

How much can you earn?

Income from the production of paving slabs even with the same selling price for two different manufacturers can be very different. And the reason for this is the cost. The production costs of paving slabs are highly dependent on technology and raw materials. For example, the vibratory casting method, where traditionally more manual labor, will increase the cost of labor, hence the cost of finished products will grow.

Much also depends on the type of raw materials used. For the production of a quality product that will have increased frost resistance, it is necessary to use washed sand. But such raw materials are several times more expensive than ordinary sand. This again increases the cost of production. It is undesirable to save on components: due to low-quality raw materials, your tiles will crumble in 2-3 years, which will damage the company's reputation. There is only one thing left to do - to optimize production processes and survive on the volume of products manufactured.

The average cost of paving slabs produced by the vibrocompression method is 270 rubles / sq. M. The selling price is about 350 rubles / sq. M. Profit from one square meter is only 80 rubles. It turns out that in order to earn 80 thousand rubles a month, it is necessary to sell 1000 sq.m. finished products. That's 15 to 20 buyers per month.

Equipment and technology

The cost of purchasing equipment depends entirely on the technology used. To date, two main technologies for the production of paving slabs are known: the vibrocasting method and the vibrocompression method.

The first option is more often used by start-up entrepreneurs who do not have large investments. To start a business using vibration casting technology, you will need to purchase a minimum set of equipment: a concrete mixer, a vibrating table, a set of molds, as well as an improvised tool: mittens, shovels, buckets. The costs for the entire set, including the purchase of raw materials, will not exceed 150 thousand rubles.

For the production of one square meter of tiles, 40 to 50 molds are required. The mixture, poured into molds, is kept for about 2 days. Thus, for continuous production, at least two sets of molds are required. This technology allows you to organize a business actually at home, and by labor process connect family members and relatives.

Experienced market players point out several disadvantages of this technology:

1. Very poor performance. One square meter will take two days to dry, but what if an urgent order for 100 square meters comes in? To perform such work, you will have to purchase an incredible number of forms (several thousand), as well as have a large staff of workers. Many people note at this method and considerable losses of cement. Hence the high cost of production.

2. Low quality of the products obtained. The tiles produced using this technology have low frost resistance, and their service life is no more than 4 years.

“The production of paving slabs using the vibrocasting method cannot be called a serious business,” the entrepreneurs say.

Video of the production process of paving slabs using the vibrocasting method:

Another technology - the method of vibrocompression - is designed to eradicate all the disadvantages of the above method. The essence of this technology lies in the fact that the tile is made by vibrating the mixture with a small amount of water. Special installations (mini-factories) - vibrating presses are used as equipment. The concrete obtained by the vibrocompression method has a low ratio of cement and water. This means that it reduces the consumption and losses of cement, increases the strength and frost resistance of finished products. The main advantage is line productivity. Even with a small vibrating press Russian production you can get from 20 to 30 sq.m. tiles per hour. Accordingly, for eight hours work shift it is possible to produce 160 - 240 sq.m. tiles. At the same time, only 3-4 people are enough to service the installation. With such opportunities, you can not be afraid of even the most urgent orders.

The method has only one drawback - investment in starting a business. Purchase new installation- the line will cost from 850 thousand rubles, depending on the line capacity and types of products. For example, a vibropress "Rifey Udar" (LLC "Stroytekhnika Plant") will cost about 1.7 million rubles:

Expensive, but the machine is versatile and can produce not only paving slabs, but also lawn grates, curb, pillar, wall and facing stone... Thus, it is possible to expand the list of products and significantly increase the capabilities of the enterprise.

Production of paving slabs at Condor plants

Who is the customer and how to sell tiles

Buyers of paving slabs are different. It is bought by both the owners of small summer cottages and pensioners who take 2-3 sq. m. Shop owners buy from 20 to 40 sq. m. m., and the owners of the cottages - 60-70 square meters.

Selling products is a whole science, and each manufacturer has its own methods in this regard. You can offer goods to wholesale resellers, but they ask for a discounted product. You can also supply tiles to retailers, construction markets and retail chains that specialize in the sale of building materials.

Smaller, artisanal producers may suit classic way product sales. You can stand by the side of the road, lay out several product options, and hang up a “Paving Slabs” sign. If the road has a large flow of cars and there are large cottage villages nearby, then the influx of buyers is guaranteed.

A more expensive, but the most effective project is the creation of your own online store selling paving slabs and other building materials. Internet - trade is gaining momentum today, which can be a promising sales channel. The creation and promotion of an online store will take up to 150 thousand rubles. Also, the service will require hiring a number of sales managers and a web resource administrator.

Business development options

Some entrepreneurs combine the production and laying of paving slabs to increase profitability. The price of one square meter of tiles is on average 350 rubles, and its installation costs the customer 400 rubles per square meter. It turns out, having your own team of stackers, you can earn another 40 - 60% of the profit. But this is more often done by small manufacturers; large players are not interested in this process.

Production of paving slabs: a business plan step by step + 5 types of tiles + 3 production methods + detailed calculations attachments.

Capital investment: 968 800 rubles.
Payback period: 3 months.

Production of paving slabs - profitable business with a long-term development perspective.

The infrastructure of modern cities requires constant replenishment of reserves of building materials, including paving slabs.

Why paving slabs? Because this is a business that is always relevant. Think of how many sidewalks are tiled in your city. The building materials market is always in demand + the pace of infrastructure development is increasing, which implies an increase in the demand for consumables.

Own tile production is an expensive business, because the cost of quality equipment starts at $ 5,000. home positive side- this is a profitability of over 100%.

Do you have the money and desire to open your own production of paving slabs? Let's start building now!

Paving slab production - let's start with marketing

To begin with, you should answer a few basic questions about promoting any product:

What to sell?
Whom to sell to?
What price should I set?

The right answers to these questions can form the perfect sales marketing plan. Start with the first one.

What to sell?

Paving slabs? This is not the answer that will give you a competitive edge.

It is necessary to decide on a specific product. Initially, you will have a small production line - no need to spray.

Consider the main types of tiles, and choose the option that suits you:

View	a brief description of
Paving stones	The surface of the tile is hard and frost-resistant, the composition includes granite chips... Rectangular, or chipped shape, the bottom and side edges are smooth, the colors are mostly strict. Reusable, resistant to mechanical damage.
Rubber crumb tile	The composition includes rubber crumb+ polyurethane glue. The shape and size may vary depending on the area of use. It is used for playgrounds and sports grounds, places with an increased risk of injury.
Reinforced	High strength tiles. There is a wire mesh inside, which can significantly increase the mechanical resistance of the product. Produced only by vibration casting. It is frost-resistant, adheres to a strict design, is used for laying parking lots, entrances to factory buildings.
Polymer sand	Consists of polymer, sand and pigment. Lightweight and frost-resistant, used for laying pedestrian areas. The only drawback is low strength. The production method differs in the application high pressure to increase the homogeneity of the mixture.
3D design	Paving slabs with 3D print. The peculiarity lies in the resistance of the print to mechanical damage and all kinds of weather conditions. In terms of its physical qualities, it does not differ in any way from the most ordinary paving slabs.

So, the production of sidewalk paving stones is the best solution for a novice entrepreneur.

Paving stones are easy to manufacture, popular both in the city and in the private sector. Simplicity sells well. Uncomplicated forms appeal to most potential buyers.

Whom to sell to?

The sales market for paving slabs is limited by the scope.

Think about where you might have come across a tile? Obviously on the sidewalks! Do you understand that it is advisable to use paving slabs only for laying urban roadsides, or to use them for the decoration of a private sector zone?

We define a list of potential customers:

State communal structures that are engaged in the improvement of the city's territory.
Construction companies.
Private sector home owners.

Which one to focus on?

Of course, the best customer is government agencies. They will provide you with consistent sales.

But, as a beginner, you do not have the necessary status and the opportunity to immediately get into the ranks of the leaders.
The target audience of the project that will be discussed in this guide is the private sector.

Owners of private buildings buy large volumes of tiles. It gives a certain status to the "estate" and contributes to comfortable movement in the yard in any weather.

What price should I set?

Vibration pressing. This way will allow the entrepreneur to increase the volume of goods. But at the same time, you will have to pay a fairly substantial amount for equipment for the production of paving slabs.

Financial issue: equipment for the production of paving slabs

Equipment for the production of paving slabs is the main expense in opening this business.

Purchase a new vibropress or find a used option - actual question for the aspiring entrepreneur.

Compare prices for all basic equipment and draw the appropriate conclusions:

Equipment	Cost, rub.)	Appointment
Vibropress	~ 500 000	Manufacturing of paving slabs. Depending on the shape of the matrix, it can be used for the production of blocks and other building materials from concrete mortar... Due to vibration and the influence of the punch, the solution is converted into a dense structure.
Hyperpress	450 000	Allows the formation of tiles using high hydraulic pressure, thereby compacting the mixture to the desired hardness.
Vibrating table	30 000	The solution in the matrix solidifies due to prolonged exposure to vibration. At the exit, we get a tile, which needs to go through a long drying.
The form	100	Formation of the product of the specified parameters. The molds are made of plastic, which ensures durability and functionality + resistance to the influence of the solution.
Rack	2 750	Size: 2000x300x1000 mm. Used to position tiles during the drying process. The base is steel. The rack must be able to withstand the appropriate load.
Concrete mixer	14 000	With the help of a concrete mixer, the mortar acquires a homogeneous consistency, which avoids differences in the composition of the finished tile.

A complete production line costs from 50,000 to 800,000 rubles... Equipment for the production of paving slabs using a vibrating press will cost 520,000 rubles.

1) Forms for the production of paving slabs.

Special attention deserve molds for the production of paving slabs. They differ in their design, resistance to mechanical damage, and composition.

Consider comparative table, which will give you an idea of the main varieties of forms, depending on the composition:

Composition	Peculiarities
Metal	Durable, simple construction... If you have experience with welding and metal, you can try making a mold yourself. Problem: The constant influence of water on the metal leads to rapid corrosion. It is important to use stainless steel.
Wood	Affordable cost, you can easily assemble yourself using plywood and wooden slats... Easy to modify. Problem: The wood becomes saturated with moisture and swells, making it difficult to remove the tiles. Polyethylene underlays can be used to avoid direct contact of the mortar with the tree.
Plastic	The forms are light, strong enough, but short-lived, since the plastic has no best performance strength . It is impossible to make a mold on your own - working with liquid plastic is very difficult.
Silicone	Flexible molds capable of withstanding 50 to 100 cycles of use. High-quality silicone allows you to create tiles of any shape, which is a huge plus.

Before each tile manufacturer the question arises - is it possible to make a mold on your own?

The standard mold is used 50 (plastic) to 200 (metal) times.

To avoid big spending, you can make forms yourself. Best material- metal, or wood. Savings - 50%. But if you are not confident in your designer skills, the best way out is to buy a ready-made form.

Self-production of molds makes sense only if a vibrating table is used as the main production method. Assembling the matrix for the vibrating press yourself is not best idea because you won't be able to stick to the workflow from start to finish.

2) Machine for the production of paving slabs.

The cost of a vibrating press ranges from 300,000 to 500,000 rubles. Not the most profitable price for the aspiring entrepreneur! Can you find an alternative to the new tile machine?

A used machine costs 40-50% less than a new one. But it is important to understand that such savings in the early stages of production will lead to future expenses for repairs + may end up with a complete stop of work.

And do you trust a paving slab machine with such an appearance?

Is risk a noble cause?

It's up to you to decide. Remember that the simple operation of the mini-plant will lead to a decrease in efficiency. The best solution- do not save money and buy a new press, which will ensure the smooth operation of the enterprise.

How will you decide on the premises?

We sorted out the equipment. Now it's time to think about where to place all the production equipment.

What should be considered when choosing a room?

Remember, you need to think about the location of the warehouse and workshop in the same room. For these purposes, you need 100-120 sq. m.

It is obvious that the production of paving slabs at home is nonsense.

Ceiling height> 3 m.

Water supply.

Water is essential both for forming concrete and for hygienic purposes.

Electricity - 3 phases.

The presence of space zoning.

It is necessary to separate the workshop area with a warehouse and a hygienic corner.

Convenient access to the warehouse.

You are involved in the production of tiles, which is not an easy task to transport. Take care of your customers - arrange a comfortable entrance.

Rent price for 1 sq. m. warehouse - 150 rubles. Respectively, a room with an area of 100 sq. m. will cost 15,000 rubles / month.

Personnel for the manufacture of paving slabs

How many personnel are needed to service the workshop? First, you need to figure out the volume of tiles that you are ready to produce per day.

For the work of the workshop, which produces 50 sq. m. tiles per day using a vibrating press, you need to hire 3 employees:

The job of a sales manager and accountant will fall on your shoulders. When the company begins to generate a stable income, you can hire specialists for these positions.

Newcomers to the paving slab industry

often make a lot of mistakes due to ignorance of technology.

The important manufacturer secrets in this video will help you avoid them!

Production of paving slabs: equipment, personnel, premises - financial calculations

968,800 rubles - start-up capital for starting a tile production. How much money should you spend on monthly injections?

Monthly investment in tile production

Every month, production will take 383,000 rubles away from you.

Calculation of profitability

50 sq. m tiles per day - 1,500 sq. m per month;
1 sq. m. costs 550 rubles;
"Dirty" income will be - 825,000 rubles;
"Clean" - 442,000 rubles;
payback period - 3 months.

The profitability is very high, which allows you to achieve a payback in 3 months and then work on expanding production. This is the most obvious plus of this business idea.

You learned the basics of how to organize production of paving slabs. Business plan- this is only a small part of the practical implementation of the project. Explore technological process, legislative component and start working on your case today.

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