Tutorials. Some rules for writing tutorials

As a type fully defined in the general typological system of publications, educational literature has its own clearly defined reader and purpose. The purpose of educational literature reflects the social function that is performed by given type editions. So, in the system of teaching aids, the main function of educational publications is to provide independent work of students to master knowledge and consolidate them. Educational literature means textbooks, teaching aids, guidelines.

Textbook - an educational publication supplementing or partially (completely) replacing the textbook, officially approved as this type of publication. The tutorial is considered as a supplement to the textbook. The study guide may not cover the entire discipline, but only part (several sections) of the sample program. Unlike the textbook, the manual may include not only approved, generally recognized knowledge and provisions, but also different opinions on a particular problem.

In the case when a new discipline is introduced into the curriculum or new topics are introduced into the curriculum, the publication of a textbook is initially organized. A textbook, as a rule, is created on the basis of a tested manual.

A methodological guide is a document that sets out in detail the optimal sequence in the development of a certain scientific or educational material. The manual is based on fundamental scientific works on this discipline and practical research. Typically, the work reflects the author's opinion on effective ways to achieve the best results. Teaching aids in their content and structure are significantly different from traditional textbooks and classical scientific works. The main purpose of the manual is not so much to provide students with necessary information in the discipline being studied, how much to explain, what to do with it, how to correctly perform educational tasks. Therefore, the preparation of teaching aids is always presented special requirements... The creation of a variety of teaching aids is associated with the need to look differently at the teaching of a certain discipline.

The main task of the educational and methodological manual- to highlight the main sections of scientific discipline from the point of view of the methodology of their teaching. Therefore, if you have a wealth of experience in the field of education, have accumulated a large number of materials, you know the main drawbacks of the existing educational process, then you can write your own educational and methodological manual. To solve this problem, extensive knowledge in this area and many years of teaching practice are required. You will need:

- experience in teaching;
- information base.

If you are starting to write a teaching aid on any subject, first of all, carefully study the working curriculum for which the training is being conducted. The fact is that the structure of your future manual should exactly follow the program and reveal the topics that it contains. Otherwise, students will have serious difficulties when working with the material. When compiling the manual, build on existing textbooks. After all, it is they that contain theoretical and training material on all topics of the discipline. Your methodological tool should use the advantages of textbooks and compensate for their shortcomings. Make a plan for future benefits. Reflect in it the most important things in the form of abstracts and short comments. This outline will later serve as the basis for the final text and will allow you to easily modify the design of the manual to achieve the best result.

Having drawn up a plan for the manual based on the curriculum, proceed to the collection and preparation of theoretical material. At this stage, remember that it is not the quantity of facts and data collected that matters, but the quality of their presentation. Do not forget that you are preparing a publication that should help students in the assimilation of the studied discipline. This means that all theoretical material should be well structured, logical and understandable for perception. For ease of use, make the content of your teaching aid identical to the content of the textbook, so that any teacher can quickly find the section of interest.

Theory alone is not enough to create teaching aids. The best solution there will be an independent passage of all stages, in accordance with the recommendations of your own manual. This will not only show his vitality, but can also reveal some inaccuracies and flaws. Then you will need to make adjustments to the working material.

Pay special attention to the language of presentation when writing the manual. Do not forget that your work is for very young people who are just beginning the curriculum. Try not to write in complex, long phrases and large paragraphs. Do not overuse special terms, and if you use professional vocabulary, be sure to give in footnotes or in brackets the decoding of the concepts used.

Develop control questions on the topic of "manuals" and options for solving the problems and problems considered in it. Supplement the text of the manual with illustrations, diagrams and photos. Give specific examples of the correct use of the described methodology. For better assimilation of the material, supplement the text with various schemes, graphs, pictures. The graphical presentation of information greatly facilitates its perception and makes the book less boring and monotonous. In addition, the schematic is often easier to remember.

Try to give more practical advice based on your personal experience. L The literature, where a person must independently translate theory into practice, has accumulated enough to date. But there are not enough high-quality reference books and manuals to help solve pressing methodological problems. Include in each topic, in addition to theoretical information, practical tasks, questions for self-control, topics for abstracts and presentations at seminars. Be sure to explain how these tasks should be performed, provide examples. This is especially important if the teaching aid is intended for schoolchildren or junior students. Complete the training manual complete list used literature. In addition, try to provide a small list of available research papers for each topic that students can use to prepare themselves for the hands-on activities. It is preferable that this list includes not only textbooks, but also the original works of researchers. As sources, choose not only familiar books, but also solid network resources, and thematic TV channels, materials of scientific conferences and symposia, preferably at the state and international level. This gives the teaching aid the necessary scientific weight. Indicate as many sources of information as possible that a specialist can turn to in order to expand his knowledge on this topic. This circumstance will significantly increase the popularity of your manual and pro-demonstrates a solid scientific approach to solving educational problems. Be sure to highlight in a separate chapter methodological techniques that allow you to conduct interdisciplinary classes (for example, a lesson plan that combines history and literature, with the distribution of material for both teachers). This approach will greatly enrich both disciplines and help you develop in students the ability to build causal relationships not only within your subject, but also between subjects.

The general procedure for the development of an educational publication:

Determination of the role and place of this academic discipline in the training of a specialist, taking into account the qualification characteristics and the curriculum and concretization on this basis of the tasks of training and education, solved in the process of teaching the course.
Determination of the nature and scope of knowledge that should be assimilated by the student when studying the entire course, its topics and each question of the topic.
Identification of the amount of knowledge obtained as a result of studying previously passed disciplines, and the use of the results of this identification in determining the nature and amount of knowledge on each issue of the topic, on each topic and throughout the course.
Determination of the logical and didactic sequence of transmission of educational information for the acquisition of knowledge, development of skills and abilities, reproduction and use of previous knowledge in the study of each question of the topic, each topic and the entire course.
Development of the structure of the textbook, dividing the stated program material into methodically justified structural elements: sections, subsections, paragraphs.

In achieving a high scientific and methodological level of presentation of the material, the main thing is its accessibility, consistency and consistency. In this case, there are two methods that are not mutually exclusive. According to the first, general concepts and definitions of a particular category are initially set forth, and then their disclosure is given; according to the second, particular problems that lead the student to general conclusions and definitions are first considered.

There are several types and methods of implementation of the methodological manual. Decide clearly what you set the goal of the work: to write an educational-methodical instruction, a methodological guide (instruction) or a guide to practical (laboratory) exercises.

Depending on the type of training manual, the method of implementation of the training manual is chosen.

Basic requirements for the content of the textbook:

continuity in the presentation of the material of the methodological manual in the content of educational publications in previously studied disciplines;
close connection with the content of educational materials of other blocks of the curriculum, including social sciences;
implementation of the principles of ensuring intradisciplinary connections between educational publications in one discipline;
interdisciplinary communication;
ensuring the continuity of certain types of training of specialists;
the use of a common conceptual apparatus, unification in the use of terminology in the designation.

In accordance with the above, the main text should be designed in such a way as to instill in the student the skills:

conduct scientific analysis;
draw conclusions and apply scientifically grounded decisions in conditions of uncertainty;
see the prospects for the development of the corresponding field of science;
use modern scientific information, process and use it in solving practical problems.

Key requirements for the text of the textbook:

the text provides a full disclosure of the issues of the curriculum of the academic discipline;
the text is available for successful assimilation by students, contributes to the motivation of learning, the formation of skills and abilities, as well as the creative abilities of future specialists;
ensures the continuity of knowledge gained in the study of previous disciplines, and also provides close intradisciplinary and interdisciplinary connections;
takes into account the psychological and pedagogical factors of students, their general educational level;
uses the possibilities of explanatory and additional texts.

Often, researchers engaged in scientific work and teachers have a need to publish an educational publication. This type of publication has a number of features in comparison with scientific preparation. These features and the requirements for educational publications by the leading educational and methodological associations will be discussed below.

Let's start with the definition of "educational publication". According to GOST 7.60-2003 educational edition- this is "A publication containing systematized information of a scientific or applied nature, presented in a form convenient for study and teaching, and designed for students of different ages and the level of education ”.

The same GOST distinguishes the following types of educational publications:

Educational publications:

textbook: An educational publication containing a systematic presentation of the academic discipline, its section, part corresponding to the curriculum, and officially approved as this type of publication.
tutorial: An educational publication supplementing or replacing partially or completely the textbook, officially approved as this type of publication.
teaching aid: An educational publication containing materials on teaching methods, studying an academic discipline, its section, part or education.
educational visual aid: Educational art containing materials to aid study, teaching or education.
workbook: A textbook with a special didactic apparatus that promotes independent work student to master the subject.
tutorial: Educational edition for self-study anything without the help of a leader.
reader: An educational publication containing literary, artistic, historical and other works or excerpts from them, which constitute the object of study of the academic discipline.
workshop: An educational publication containing practical tasks and exercises that contribute to the assimilation of the past.
problem book: Workshop containing educational tasks.
training program: An educational publication that determines the content, volume, as well as the procedure for studying and teaching an academic discipline, its section, part.
training kit: A set of educational publications intended for a specific level of education and including a textbook, study guide, workbook, reference edition.

In the letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation of 23.09.2002, we read “On the definition of the terms“ textbook ”and“ textbook ”, it is noted that“ A textbook is the main textbook on a specific discipline. It sets out a system of basic knowledge that students must learn. The content of the textbook must meet the requirements of the state educational standard and fully disclose an exemplary program in a specific discipline. The title of the textbook must correspond to the name of the discipline of the federal component of the State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education.

The tutorial is viewed as a supplement to the tutorial. The study guide may not cover the entire discipline, but only part (several sections) of the sample program. Unlike a textbook, a manual may include not only approved, generally recognized knowledge and provisions, but also different opinions on a particular problem. "

Thus, the first feature of the educational edition- these are the requirements for the compliance of the title and content of the textbook with the name of the discipline of the federal component of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education (portal of Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education - http://fgosvo.ru and the portal "Russian Education" - http://www.edu.ru/)

The second feature of the educational edition, in comparison with the monograph, is availability of methodological apparatus which may include:

questions for each paragraph of the textbook, reflecting its structure and allowing you to consolidate the material read;
assignments for the seminar;
tasks for independent work at home;
parsing specific situations on examples from practice;
different types of tests;
an assignment for the search (selection) and review of literature and electronic sources of information on an individually set problem of the course;
a task for completing home control work, providing for solving problems, performing exercises and given out in practical classes;
task to prepare for the test and certification;
topics of abstracts (essays, reports, scientific articles) on a given problem, etc.

The methodological apparatus can be designed both for students and for helping the teacher in conducting classes.

Also, the educational publication can be supplemented with various reference materials - a dictionary, a glossary, regulations, samples and examples of documents, etc.

The next feature of the educational publication is the requirements for its content. If the monograph in mandatory must contain a certain novelty and the results of copyright research, then the educational publication may be a compilation various sources... The textbook should contain basic information on the discipline. Also, an educational publication should have such a quality as clarity. The text should be accompanied by diagrams, drawings and photographs that facilitate the perception of the material, but do not repeat it.

The structure of the educational publication can be as follows:

Introduction and / or foreword. An educational publication may include both an introduction and a preface, or, only an introduction, as is most often the case. The introduction should include the goals of studying the discipline and educational information, in terms of the content and volume of the discipline, necessary and sufficient to implement the requirements of a specific state educational standard (hours and goals of studying the discipline are taken into account). It is also fashionable to indicate the competencies for the acquisition, which are directed to the study of the discipline, etc.

The preface (according to GOST 7.0.3-2006) is an accompanying article placed at the beginning of the publication, which explains the goals and features of the content and structure of the work. It may contain summary each chapter.

The introduction (again according to GOST 7.0.3-2006) is a structural part of the main text of the publication, which is its initial chapter and introduces the reader to the essence of the problematic of the work.

According to the same GOST, to which we have already repeatedly referred, the largest part of the text is the section. It is divided into chapters, which in turn are subdivided into paragraphs (§).

Mandatory part of educational edition is a list of used literature and other sources.

An author who has written a worthy textbook, as a rule, wants to get the stamp of the educational and methodological association that this educational publication is approved (or Recommended) by the UMO as a textbook (electronic textbook) or teaching aid (electronic textbook) for students of higher educational institutions, students in the direction (specialty) of HPE training. Observing the rules of preparation of educational publications recommended by us, you can easily cope with this task!

In conclusion, we will give some tips on what you should pay attention to in order to minimize the amendments made to the text by editors and proofreaders.

2. It is necessary to check the numbering of all figures, tables and formulas in the text. Compare whether there is a reference to EVERY figure or table in the text, and whether the manuscript contains figures and tables that are referenced in the text.

3. References - if the list is voluminous and includes sources of different types, it is better to divide it into sections.

4. Understand all abbreviations on first use. Do not overload the text with abbreviations, especially those with two letters. This makes it difficult for readers to perceive the text. Do not use abbreviations in titles.

5. Avoid too many repetitions in links “Ibid. S. 220 ". It is inconvenient for the reader to use such links. Especially if the full link to the source was many pages before “Ibid. P.220 ".

6. The manuscript must be READ well. Experienced editors do not proofread manuscripts from a computer screen; they print the text and read it intermittently, several pages at a time. The computer may not always be able to identify the error in the test. We noticed that when typing, Word did not underline the word “ test", Although we are talking, of course, not about a flour product, but about text... Such errors can only be noticed with careful proofreading. If the author does not want to do this, accordingly, it is necessary to pay for the work on the manuscript of the proofreader.

Happy publications!

A study guide is a tool you can use to eliminate stress from your learning process. When you have a textbook, a folder full of lecture notes, a mountain of homework and workbooks, it can be difficult to decide where to start. But if you learn a few formatting features, search for information in the right place, and use the tutorial to make the best of your limits, you can make learning much more effective. Interesting? Start at Step 1 to learn more about this.

Steps

Part 1

Structuring your study guide

Let the form match the content. There's a lot different types study guides, each formatted to suit a specific purpose and learning style. Whatever you use it for, there are tutorials that are suitable not only for the given academic subject, but also for the specific learning purpose in the study of this subject. Structure the information into the tutorial that is most convenient for you to use.

If it's easier for you to learn visually, consider using colored blocks in a tutorial, or use an idea mapping technique to highlight information and make it easily accessible.
If you have a linear mind, organize the information chronologically or alphabetically so that you can learn one of the series, and then move on to the next.
If you need an emotional connection with the material To understand it, give your notes a narrative form; this will make them easier to teach. Translate concepts from the language of mathematics to the language of storytelling, a story you can feel involved in, then organize your study guide as a short story that you can detail to remember the application of the formulas.
If you can quickly memorize information, use a format that helps you memorize effectively, for example, in the form of recording with your voice vocabulary words and definitions, then listen again on your player all day, or create animated flashcards and check yourself regularly.

Draw cognitive maps to connect key messages and prioritize information. When creating cognitive maps, write each important idea in a separate box, which then connect according to their chronology and importance. Then link the branches of related information derived from the main ideas. This method of creating a study guide provides a good visual representation of how the learning material fits together into an overall concept.

Use comparison charts to highlight differences in key concepts. Create tutorials using comparison charts or tables when you need to compare and show the difference in a related group of ideas. You can use tables to create clear parallels in history or biology, or to compare different writers in literature.
- For example, in the column names of the feature comparison schema different types plants are likely to be a kingdom, family, and genus. This will help organize the information for quick comparison and viewing.
- You can also benefit from the comparison chart in your literature study by writing out the names of the characters in the story in the headings of different columns, under which you write them. distinctive features or other information. Likewise, information from two different stories can be conveniently structured into a similar table.
Use flashcards or concept cards to memorize terminology. Flash cards are usually made from blank index cards, 13 x 18 cm, and they can contain as much or as little information as you want, because this is one of the most effective techniques memorizing individual words, or definitions of individual concepts. This makes them most effective in learning foreign languages and history.
- Write 1 key concept on the front of each card, and on back side write down the facts and key concepts associated with this fact. Look at the cards yourself, or have someone randomly ask you around using these cards. To make sure that you really remember what you need, go back and forth, starting from the front of the card and then from the back. This works especially well when memorizing new foreign words.
Write own sample test for educational purposes. Writing a sample test can be an exceptional way to analyze the information that will be asked from two perspectives: if you think about what to include in the test, you will think like a teacher, and if you can anticipate these questions, you will be one step ahead. ahead.
- Try to find out if you will be given a multiple choice test, text to fill in the blanks, or questions that need to be answered in writing. Prepare accordingly by writing down the type of questions with which you will be tested.
- Many teachers will want to provide you with older versions of the test, if any, so that you can use them as a teaching aid. Sample tests are often included in textbooks, which are an excellent teaching method. While taking the test more than once can be stressful, it can be a great way to learn, and it can even lead you to the types of questions that will be on the test.
Learn using many tutorials at once. Create a combined type of tutorial using the key concepts and clarifying information that you have selected from the tutorials. You can write a rough draft of the tutorial on paper, by hand, or using a computer using a word processor, spreadsheet, or specialized tutorial creation software to structure your information.
Exercise on a schedule. Make the study guide as early as possible, and allow enough time to learn from it before the test hits you. In the weeks leading up to the test, divide your time to study all the different subjects and allocate a seat to each subject being studied to make sure you have enough time for each individual piece of information. Don't put it off until the last minute.
- If you suffer from stress, anxiety, and have a tendency to panic before testing, it may be a particularly good idea to set time limits for learning specific chapters or topics in time. If you know that you need to go through the first two paragraphs this week before going through the third and fourth next week, then you can devote the whole week to this, and during this time you will not be able to worry about 3 and 4 chapters.
- Set aside different time slots for your studies, and focus on one subject at a time. You don’t have to switch back and forth between five different subjects until you’ve learned everything from the first.

Highlighted words and textbook definitions are often key points and good performance material for the tutorial.
Remember that each type of benefit has its own strengths and weak sides and there are many different learning styles. Therefore, choose the correct type of textbook for the right subject or to different learning styles, which may require the use of more than one type of manual. For example, visuals might be better served with maps and diagrams, while listeners might be better served with flashcards that they can read aloud.
Try to be as concise as possible. Avoid unnecessary information.

TEACHING AND METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS

A.V. Puzyrev
"Aesthetics of language and assessment of the content basis of mass songs"
Filimonova L.V., Bykova E.A.
Mathematics and Informatics.
(for students of humanitarian faculties of universities)
The proposed textbook is intended for university students enrolled in faculties where mathematics and computer science are not subjects of specialization. It is compiled taking into account the requirements state standard and it outlines at an accessible level some of the fundamental questions included in the curriculum for the new subject "Mathematics and Informatics". This manual contains 11 sections, each of which is devoted to the study of fundamental questions of mathematics and computer science. Its goal is to educate a person in a culture of rational methods of operating with existing ones and acquiring new knowledge, to acquaint students with some sections of higher mathematics, to deepen the knowledge gained at school in computer science and information technology, to provide the necessary information about modern aspects of using computers and the latest achievements.
Kravchenko V.A.
Reference material for drawing up a course project (work) on the system of applying fertilizers in crop rotations
(for full-time and part-time students of the agricultural faculty)
Methodical instructions for the implementation and protection of final qualifying (diploma) works
(for students of the agricultural faculty in the direction of training a certified specialist - 660200 "Agronomy")
These guidelines have been revised on the basis of guidelines developed by the teachers of the agronomic faculty of the Voronezh State Agrarian University. K. D. Glinka - V.V. Kozlobaeva Fedotova V.A. Popova A.F. and are aimed at providing the necessary information to students of the agricultural faculty of Yeletsky State University them I.A. Bunin for self-preparation and defense of the final (diploma) work.
Podaeva N.G., Zhuk D.A.
Lectures on the basics of geometry
Podaeva N.G., Krasnikova L.V.
Lines and surfaces in Euclidean space
(for students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics)
Podaeva N.G., Evsikov S.V.
Lectures on topology elements
(for students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics)
V.A. Nosov
Combinatorics and graph theory
Gubina T.N., Tarov D.A., Masina O.N., Tarova I.N.
Methodical recommendations for the preparation of graduates of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics for the state final exam "Informatics"
Gubina T.N., Masina O.N., Gubin M.A.
Working in Microsoft Office
Poznyak T.A., Tarova I.N., Karpacheva I.A., Budyakova T.P.
Industrial practice of future teachers of informatics
Tarov D.A., Tarova I.N., Gubina T.N., Masina O.N., Dyakina V.A.
Control and measuring materials for the disciplines of the information profile.
D.A. Tarov
Methodical instructions for writing term papers in the disciplines of the information profile.
Tarova I.N., Terekhov Yu.P., Masina O.N., Skokov A.V.
Workshop on solving problems on a computer.
Balashova T.N.
Inheritance law
(for full-time and part-time students)
In this manual, the task is set - to provide methodological assistance to students studying the discipline of Inheritance Law. It examines all the main sections of the discipline, offers control tasks, tests and tasks for each topic. The guidelines have been drawn up in accordance with the inheritance law program for higher education institutions. Recommended for law students. The manual is intended for full-time and part-time law students.
O. V. Zubova
Teaching materials on civil law (general part)
These teaching materials are intended for students and teachers of the Faculty of Law. The purpose of the manual is to assist in the study of the general part of civil law, as well as to facilitate the search for normative material and legal literature necessary to complete practical tasks.
The collection contains practical tasks that students can use to master the main provisions of the course in the process of self-preparation for classes in civil law, and teachers - to monitor students' knowledge.
Elective courses for students of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (preschool): Work programs [Text]
The teaching aid contains topics and content of elective courses for students of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (preschool). The manual consists of a preface, elective course programs. The preface reveals the place of elective disciplines in the educational process of the faculty and their importance in the training of highly qualified specialists. The topics and content of elective courses are developed by the teachers of the Department of Preschool and Correctional Pedagogy. The teaching aid is addressed to full-time and part-time students, university teachers, and practitioners.
Collection of working programs of psychological and pedagogical disciplines in the specialty 050703 preschool pedagogy and psychology
The collection contains work programs for the main list of psychological and pedagogical disciplines in the specialty "Preschool Pedagogy and Psychology", developed by teachers of the departments of preschool and correctional pedagogy, developmental and educational psychology in accordance with GOST 2005, modern requirements and the level of development of science. Each work program includes the goal and objectives of the discipline, the main content, practical and laboratory classes, assignments for independent work, questions for tests and exams, lists of basic and additional literature, an approximate list of topics for essays and term papers, test options and tests by semester etc. The working programs are approved by the Methodological Council of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Preschool Psychology. This educational and software publication is addressed to students of the faculties of pedagogy and preschool psychology, it can be useful for teachers teacher training colleges and universities that train specialists in this profile.
Chuikova Zh.V.
Historical and pedagogical analysis of the problem of teaching preschoolers their native language
(to the optional course)
V.N. Kartashova
Deutsch 4: Mein Beruf ist Fr? Hfremdsprachenlehrer
(Textbook on the practice of the German language for 4th year students of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology of Preschool with the additional specialty "Foreign Language")
The manual assumes the implementation of the principles of a professional and communicative orientation, ensuring active formation in the process of learning foreign language skills among students - future teachers foreign language for preschoolers and younger students. The orientation towards the student's future specialty determined the selection of educational material. The manual contains original texts for reading on pedagogical and regional studies. The manual is intended for 4th year students of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (preschool) who study German as a second specialty.
Anufrieva O. V.
Fine arts of Germany.
(for students of the Faculty of Design)
Constitutional (state) law of foreign countries.
(for students of specialty 030501 - Jurisprudence of all forms of education)
Zakharova M.A.
Pedagogical research in the format of coursework and FQP
I.A. Karpacheva, T.A. Poznyak
Teaching practice.
(for students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics)
The educational-methodical manual is intended for students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, studying in the specialty 032100.00 - Mathematics with an additional specialty (qualification of a teacher of mathematics). The manual reflects general provisions organization of educational and industrial practice of students - future teachers, the rights and obligations of student trainees, requirements for paperwork, criteria for assessing students' activities. In accordance with the stages of organizing practices, their content is consistently disclosed, general pedagogical and guidelines on the organization of a modern lesson, research tasks have been developed and recommendations for their implementation have been proposed. The manual contains diagnostic techniques, plans and lesson notes.
Karpacheva I.A., Krikunov A.E.
Methodical recommendations for the study of pedagogy for part-time students.
(for part-time students)
The educational-methodical manual is intended for correspondence students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, enrolled in an abbreviated program. At the same time, it will be useful for correspondence students of all pedagogical specialties. The manual presents the logic and structure of studying the course of pedagogy throughout the entire period of study at the university, offers methodological recommendations and assignments for seminars, assignments for independent work. Part-time students will find in the manual assignments in pedagogy that must be completed during the period of teaching practice, as well as recommendations for the implementation of coursework and final qualifying work.
V. N. Mezinov
Introduction to teaching
T.P. Budyakova
Coursework in Psychology
The study guide deals with general methodological issues of writing and formatting course work in psychology. The ways of describing the results of scientific empirical research are proposed. For students of non-psychological specialties.
T.P. Budyakova
Sign-symbolic activity and its genesis
(to the course "Developmental and educational psychology" for the specialty 031200 "Pedagogy and methods of primary education")
The textbook reveals one of the most difficult sections of developmental and educational psychology in the study: the development of sign-symbolic activity in ontogenesis. The definition of sign-symbolic activity is given, the ways of its formation and development in preschool and primary school age are described. The manual is addressed to students studying psychology.
T.P. Budyakova
Legal and psychological aspects of the legal institution of compensation for moral harm
(to the course "Legal Psychology" (for students studying in the specialty 021100 "Jurisprudence"))
The textbook is devoted to underdeveloped problems of legal psychology. In particular, legal and psychological aspects in the application of the norms of the civil legal institution of compensation for moral harm are considered.
Morozova M.A.
Modern Russian language. Morphology (verb, verb forms). Preparation plans for practical and individual lessons.
(for independent work of full-time students and correspondence department specialty "050301 - Russian language and literature" with add. specialty "050401 - History".)
The manual contains a program on the morphology of the Russian language (verb and verb forms) for 3rd year students of the Faculty of Philology, plans for practical lessons with literature, classroom and homework assignments and examples of their implementation, a list of basic and additional literature for the course, two tests that can can also be used for self-preparation for classes and tests. The manual is intended for students and teachers teaching the course of morphology of the Russian language (verb, verb forms).
Voevodina G.A.
Unique affixes in modern Russian.
(for students of the Faculty of Philology)
The study guide for the special course examines questions related to the status of unique affixes that do not have an unambiguous answer due to their insufficient knowledge. Consideration of questions about unique affixes helps to clarify the concept of a morpheme and its main features. This manual can be used for theoretical and practical understanding of the language material, when studying the "optional course", elective, in the preparation of term papers and qualification works.
Biryukova T.G.
Analysis and synthesis of text
The manual is a theoretical and practical course that helps to master the techniques of perceiving strangers and creating your own texts. Its main task is to develop the ability to communicate in various fields based on mastering the most common genres of oral and written speech, to teach how to use expressive means language for effective communication. The manual provides for a variety of work with the text, tasks are of a creative nature, have practical significance... The book is intended for school graduates, as well as for students of various specialties who want to improve their speech culture.
IN AND. Kazarina
Modern Russian syntax: the structural organization of a simple sentence
The textbook, which includes material on the problems of verbal and prepositional connections, the structural scheme of a simple sentence as a linguistic sign, the signified of which is a typical proposition, and a positional scheme as a speech sign of an utterance, the structural and semantic organization of sentences, traditionally qualified as one-part with excursions into the history of study, is intended primarily for students of the Faculty of Philology, it will be useful for graduate students and school teachers, as well as for everyone who is interested in the problems of Russian syntax.
Filimonova L.V., Bobrova T.M.
Methodical recommendations for laboratory studies on the study of the section of general physics "Mechanics". In two parts.
(for students of engineering physics and physics and mathematics faculties)
The purpose of this manual is to assist students in preparing and performing laboratory work on topics from the section of general physics "Mechanics". The manual contains descriptions of 13 laboratory works. The works of the first part deal mainly with material on kinematics, oscillations and waves, the motion of bodies in a viscous fluid; the second part contains works on the dynamics of a material point and a rigid body. For each work, a formulation of the goal of its implementation, a list of equipment used, a brief theory of the topic of the work, a description of the method, questions for admission, the content of experimental tasks, questions for the report are given. The material presented in each work is sufficient for its implementation, but requires the study of additional literary sources for the preparation of the report. The appendices provide a brief reference on calculating the error of the results of an educational experiment in physics, the necessary reference tables, additional material... The teaching aid is recommended for use in laboratory classes with students of engineering physics and physics and mathematics faculties of YSU in the laboratory of mechanics.
Filimonova L.V.
Methodical instructions for practical exercises in general and experimental physics. Part two. MKT and thermodynamics.
(for students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics)
The purpose of these guidelines is to help students learn program material in physics through the solution of typical problems in the section "MKT and thermodynamics". The methodological instructions provide material for 6 practical lessons, containing questions for theoretical preparation for the lesson, detailed instructions for solving typical problems, tasks for independent decision... Practical topics are taken from work program disciplines "General and experimental physics" and cover theoretical material on the foundations of the molecular-kinetic theory of matter and thermodynamics. Each practical lesson provides detailed instructions for solving a wide range of problems, highlighting the basic laws, concepts and methods reflected in the lecture material. The material presented in each topic through methodological instructions is sufficient for students to independently solve all the problems given at the end of each lesson. The appendices contain additional material on the concept of "the number of degrees of freedom", mathematical methods for solving complex problems, a list of used designations and reference material. Methodical instructions are recommended for use in practical lessons in physics with students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of YSU named after I.A. Bunin while studying the section of physics "MKT and thermodynamics".
Filimonova L.V.
Methodical instructions for practical exercises in general and experimental physics. Part three. Electricity.
(for students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics)
The purpose of these instructions is to assist students in mastering program material in physics by solving typical problems in the section of general and experimental physics "Electricity". The methodological instructions provide material for 7 practical sessions, containing questions for theoretical preparation for the lesson, some comments on the theoretical material, detailed instructions for solving typical problems, tasks for independent solution. Themes of practical lessons cover the relevant lecture material, revealing the laws and principles, concepts and terms of electrostatics and electrodynamics, highlighting the practical aspects and methods of applying the theory. The information provided in the instructions is sufficient for students to independently solve all the problems given at the end of each lesson. The appendices contain a list of used designations, a list of basic formulas, the necessary reference material, additional material on the mathematical theory of a vector field, etc. I.A. Bunin while studying the section of physics "Electricity".
Filimonova L.V.
Methodical instructions for practical exercises in general and experimental physics. Part four. Electromagnetism.
(for students of the physics and mathematics faculty)
The purpose of this manual is to assist students in mastering program material in physics by solving typical problems in the section "Electromagnetism". The manual provides material for 6 practical sessions, containing questions for theoretical preparation for the lesson, detailed instructions for solving typical problems, tasks for independent solution. Topics of practical classes are taken from the work program of the discipline "General and Experimental Physics" and cover theoretical material on the basics of magnetostatics, Maxwell's system of equations for the electromagnetic field and electromagnetic waves. Each practical lesson provides detailed instructions for solving a wide range of problems, highlighting the basic laws, concepts and methods reflected in the lecture material. The material presented in each topic through methodological instructions is sufficient for students to independently solve all the problems given at the end of each lesson. The appendices provide additional material on the subject, a list of used symbols and reference material. The teaching aid is recommended for use in practical classes in physics with students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of YSU named after I.A. Bunin in the study of the physics section "Electromagnetism".
Voblikov S.N.
Methodological guide for writing term papers on the theory of state and law
IN AND. Korotkikh, A.V. Usachev
History of philosophy
(Collection of teaching materials for students of YSU named after I. A. Bunin, studying in the specialty "Religious Studies" with a reader, prologue and epilogue)
Goricheva V.L., Levashova O.V.
Study guide for writing term papers in the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure.
In this manual, the task is set - to provide methodological assistance to students writing term papers at the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure. The manual provides a detailed description of the process of preparing a term paper from choosing a topic to public defense. Special attention pays attention to the requirements for the volume, structure, content and design of work, stages and methods of its implementation. The manual is intended for full-time and part-time law students.
E.V. Isaeva
Methodical instructions for students of the hospital and OZO of the philological faculty on preparation for practical classes in the course "History foreign literature XVII-XVIII centuries "
S.V. Vorobiev, E.G. Esina, N.S. Trubitsyna
Information systems in economics: Access DBMS
(Shortened version)
This training manual is devoted to the problems associated with the automation of processing large amounts of information, namely, its organization in the Microsoft Access database management system. The specified application contains a wide range of tools for effective information management, including economic. The study of the Access DBMS is included in the content of the discipline "Information Systems in Economics" and is primarily intended for students Faculty of Economics... The purpose of the work is to give students knowledge and practical skills in the field of applied informatics, to show methods of automated solution of various economic problems. The manual contains five, fairly voluminous, laboratory work, in which there is necessary minimum theoretical material, examples of solving problems with their detailed descriptions are considered, tasks for self-fulfillment... The publication will be useful not only for students and graduate students of economic profile, but also for accountants, auditors, analysts and other categories of specialists involved in economic calculations.
V.E. Medvedev, S.V. Vorobiev
Workshop on Information Systems in Economics: Calculations in an Excel Spreadsheet
(Shortened version)
This publication is intended to help readers learn how to effectively use the built-in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet in the process of solving economic problems. The manual is divided into topics, each of which contains the minimum amount of theoretical information necessary to solve the assigned tasks, practical tasks with a detailed explanation of the technology for solving them, as well as tasks for self-fulfillment. The material is presented in an accessible form according to the principle from simple to complex. The workshop can be used in laboratory classes in the process of studying the discipline "Information systems in economics" and other similar disciplines. The manual will be useful for students, graduate students and teachers of economic specialties, practicing accountants and economists who wish to independently improve and consolidate their level of knowledge and skills in the field of economic information systems and technologies.
Artyukhova G.A., Vorobiev S.V.
Automation of trading operations and warehouse accounting
(Shortened version)
This training manual sets out the basic principles of automated warehouse accounting and trading operations of a company in the "1C: Enterprise" system, namely, in the "Trade and Warehouse" configuration. The theoretical material of the manual is accompanied by practical tasks, most of which have a detailed description of the course of the solution. In addition, each topic offers tasks for independent solution. This manual is aimed at students of economic specialties, can be used in the framework of information disciplines, in special courses or electives in information technology. The manual will be useful to employees of economic departments of trading firms, accountants, and programmers.
Workshop on solving the problem of accounting in the 1C: ENTERPRISE system
(Shortened version)
The teaching aid is a complex set of tasks for accounting, presented in the form of a cross-cutting task for the main sections of accounting. Tasks are provided for a typical configuration of 1C: Accounting included in the 1C: Enterprise version 7.7. This publication will be useful for students and graduate students of economic specialties, as well as practicing accountants and economists who wish to improve and consolidate their level of knowledge and skills in the field of economic information systems and technologies.
Vorobiev S.V.
Automation of enterprise management in the integrated system "galaxy"
(Shortened version)
The training manual contains a description of the basic principles of work in the domestic corporate information system "Galaktika". The technologies of organizing the enterprise management process are considered on the examples of such internal contours, like "Personnel Management", "Logistics", "Accounting". Each topic contains theoretical material, which is accompanied by practical tasks with a detailed description of the course of the solution, as well as problems for independent solution are offered in each topic. This manual is aimed at students of economic specialties, can be used within the disciplines of the information technology cycle, in special courses or electives in information technology. The manual will be useful for familiarization to employees of economic departments of industrial enterprises, accountants, as well as programmers.
M.V. Ilyashenko
The program of teaching practice in institutions of the secondary system vocational education for department students distance learning Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (Preschool)
(for students of the correspondence department of the faculty of P&PA)
Bakaeva O.N., Gozhina O.L., Emelyanova I.D., Krakovskaya V.S., Krasova T.D., Ilyashenko M.V., Martynova L.N., Penkovskaya O.V., Pronina A N., Faustova I.V., Fomenko L.K., Chuikova Zh.V.
Pedagogical practice of students of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (preschool)
The manual sets out the goals, objectives, content and methods of organizing all types of pedagogical practice of students in the specialty "Preschool Pedagogy and Psychology", with additional specialties "Speech therapy", "Pedagogy and psychology", "Foreign language". The tasks for student trainees are presented, which allow them to identify and form the necessary professional skills. Requirements for the registration of documentation for each type of practice are reported, the necessary samples are provided. The criteria for evaluating the student-trainee have been developed. The responsibilities of practice leaders and student trainees are described.
The teaching aid can be used by students and teachers of the Faculty of Preschool Pedagogy and Psychology.
NS. Flights
HISTORY OF RUSSIA (from ancient times to the 18th century)
(study guide for practical studies and independent work for correspondence students in the specialty "history")
The teaching aid publishes materials on the specialty "history" necessary for correspondence students. These include hands-on labs, history terminology, tests, history map assignments, and more.
Belkova N.A., Krasnova T.V., Tropin N.A.
Museum and archaeological practices
(practice programs and guidelines)
Data educational materials prepared by experienced teachers who have been in charge of the educational practices of students of the history and philological faculties for a number of years. The publication is intended for students of these faculties.
YES. Lyapin
Service land tenure in the Yelets district at the end of the 16th-17th centuries.
(special course program)
The teaching aid includes the author's content of a special course (discipline of specialization), test tasks, topics of essays, a list of questions for reporting, an extensive list of bibliography. For students of the Faculty of History, specializing in history.

Used in teaching and educating. process and designed to expand, deepen and better assimilate the knowledge provided by the curriculum and set out in textbooks. For each academic subject, a system of instructional p. Is developed, between which there are connections determined by the content of the subject, teaching methods, the peculiarities of assimilating one or another content and the functional properties of the department. species U. p.

There are 3 mains. U. p groups: natural objects; images and display of objects and phenomena of reality; descriptions of objects and phenomena of the world with words and phrases of natures. and arts, languages.

The first group includes: objects and phenomena of objective reality for direct study (minerals, rocks, raw materials, intermediates and products of production, preparations of plants and animals, etc.); natural objects and tech. means for reproducing phenomena and their subsequent laboratory study (reagents, devices, etc.); material and tech. means for labor, depicts, and other activities of students (wood, metal, plastics, glass, etc. devices, etc.).

The second group: voluminous manuals - layouts, models, casts, dummies, globes, etc .; planar manuals - tables, pictures, photographs, maps, diagrams, drawings; audiovisual means - motion pictures, motion pictures, film rings, filmstrips, transparencies, transparencies, records on gramophone records and magnetic tape, radio and television broadcasts, etc. Audiovisual means, radio and allow to acquaint students with the achievements of modern times. science, technology, production and culture, with phenomena inaccessible to the immediate. observation, to be transferred to the most distant times and places of the earth, into space, to penetrate into the bowels of matter (multishot), into the interior. in the world of waves, elementary particles, atoms, molecules, cells of living matter; visually present and theoretically explain the phenomena of nature and societies, life.

The third group: teaching-method, literature - program-methodical (programs and methods, instructions to them, method, letters and manuals); training (primers, textbooks, textbooks, lectures, notes, etc.); auxiliary (readers, workshops, collections of practical tasks, tasks and exercises, atlases, collections of drawings, workbooks; editions for reading in foreign languages and other materials).

A special group of educational instruments is made up of technical teaching aids: information, control, and training.

Versatile functional ped., Ergonomic., Esthetic., Economical. requirements as well as safety and hygiene requirements.

The development of U. p. Is carried out by N. and, in-you, design and technol. bureau decomp. min-in (including industrial), teachers-specialists in the educational. equipment, as well as dep. teachers. The creation of new and the modernization of existing U.P. occurs on the basis of research conducted in the institutes of RAO, etc. U. P. are produced in factories of teaching aids, in publishing houses.

Acquisition of educational institutions of education is carried out in accordance with the standard lists of teaching aids and teaching aids. equipment for general education. schools, developed by n. and, in-tami RAO. The lists include sets of teaching and upbringing aids that are mandatory for the equipment of the school. offices, classes, workshops. Number of equipment and handouts for self. laboratory and practical. work is determined in accordance with the occupancy of classes. The supply of educational schools is carried out through the sectoral supply system.

Lit .: Shapovalenko S. G., Methodology, research and development issues in the field of school. equipment, SP, 1982, No. 6; Shakhmaev H. M., Learning tools, in the book: Didactics cf. schools, ed. M. H. Skat-kina, M., 19822, ch. 7; Antsiferov L.I., Self-made devices for physical. workshop on Wed. school, M., 1985; D p and G. and I. I., P and x G. I., Tekhn. teaching aids in general education. school, M., 1985; Ivanov B.S., Electronic homemade products, M., 1985; Account catalog equipment for geography, M., 1985; III m and r-gun NI Screen-sound aids in teaching physics, M., 1985; Yakushina L.S., Cinema and sound recording at the lessons of literature, M., 1985; see also lit. at Art. Technical means learning, Learning machine. Educational cinema, etc. TS Nazarova.

Russian Pedagogical Encyclopedia. - M: "Great Russian Encyclopedia". Ed. V.G. Panova. 1993 .

See what "LEARNING AID" is in other dictionaries:

tutorials- mokymo priemonės statusas T sritis švietimas apibrėžtis Mokymo proceso struktūros elementai, apimantys mokymo reikmenis, skirtus moksleivių pojūčiams, suvokimui, vaizdiniams, mąstymui ir sugebėjimams,… prastymui ir sugebėjimams,… prastymui ir sugebėjimams,… Enciklopedinis edukologijos žodynas

Tutorials- in modern pedagogical classification teaching aids (See Training) designed to expand, deepen and better assimilate knowledge provided by the curriculum (See Curriculum) and set out in the Textbooks. NS … Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Tutorials- in the modern pedagogical classification, all material teaching aids used in the educational process and designed to expand, deepen and better assimilate the knowledge provided by the curriculum and ... ... Pedagogical terminological dictionary

Tutorials- usually supplement the existing textbooks on this discipline, i.e., they, as a rule, consider only part of the educational course, or they are focused on the practical side of mastering the material (D); specially made and natural objects ... Glossary of terms in general and social pedagogy

Tutorials- 1) books setting out the foundations of scientific knowledge on a specific academic subject from certain author's positions; 2) books for teachers or students containing teaching materials, explanations, recommendations for individual academic subjects; 3)… … Pedagogical Dictionary

Textbooks and teaching aids on the discipline "Program Evaluation"- Main article: Program Evaluation Textbooks Textbooks and study guides for the discipline "Program Evaluation". The article is an overview of the main textbooks and teaching aids on the discipline "Program and Policy Evaluation", published in English and Russian ... Wikipedia

LEARNING CARDS Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Educational establishments - Educational institution former name in pre-revolutionary Russia, and later in the USSR and the Russian Federation (until 1992) educational institution... In accordance with the current Russian legislation, this is an institution that carries out ... ... Wikipedia

training cards- are intended as a guide for the study of geography, history and other subjects in primary, secondary and high school; their content is consistent with the curriculum and textbook of the corresponding course, and the methods of image and design correspond ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

They are used in teaching nature. scientific. and social scientist. disciplines in Wed and higher. school. The U. KP system includes maps, atlases, globes, reproductions of aero and space. pictures and photo cards. The map is a figuratively symbolic model representing ... ... Russian Pedagogical Encyclopedia

Books

Methodology of teaching oriental languages: aspectization, computerization, new teaching aids. Collection of articles of the participants of the I International conference. Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, April 22-23, 2013, Maslov A., Anikina V., Baklanova M. and others. This collection includes articles by the participants of the I international conference "Methods of Teaching Oriental Languages: Aspectisation, Computerization, New Teaching Aids" ... Presented by ...