How to pass a fire inspection for individual entrepreneurs. How is an IP fire inspection carried out?

1. Documents of title for a legal entity, individual entrepreneur;
2. Permits for the implementation of the statutory activities of the NRA facility;
3. Details of the NOR customer, details of the facility manager;
4. Name of the organization operating the NRA facility;
5. The name of the NRA object according to registration documents, its cadastral number, inventory number according to the technical inventory authorities;
6. Lease agreements for territory, buildings, premises;
7. Technical certificate for the building, passport for ventilation systems, passport for lightning protection;
8. Projects for the NOR facility (with return);
9. Service agreement for APS, SOUE, AUPT, service organization license;
10. Agreement for carrying out measurements of insulation resistance of electrical wiring, certificate of registration of the electrical laboratory that carried out the measurements;
11. Technical documentation related to issues of energy supply, lighting (internal and external), water supply, heating, ventilation, installation of fire prevention systems and fire protection, contracts for installation, repair and maintenance of fire prevention and fire protection systems;
12. Fire safety declaration;
13. General facility-wide instructions on fire safety measures;
14. Instructions on fire safety measures for each explosive and fire hazardous fire hazardous area, workshop, warehouse, etc.;
15. Order on the appointment of those responsible for compliance with fire safety requirements for separate areas works; for conducting briefings; for ensuring security fire prevention measures rented and (or) own spaces; for fire safety during operation and good condition of: electrical installations, ventilation and heating systems, fire safety and fire alarm, primary funds fire extinguishing and smoke protection; on approval of instructions on industrial safety;
16. Order to establish fire protection regime at the site in accordance with the PPR;
17. Order on the procedure for carrying out temporary fire and other fire hazardous work;
18. Order on the procedure and timing of fire safety training, fire safety training and the appointment of those responsible for their implementation;
19. Order on the creation of a fire-technical commission;
20. Order on the creation of a voluntary fire brigade or on the actions of personnel in case of fire;
21. Certificates of completion of training according to the fire-technical minimum program by those responsible for ensuring fire safety and conducting briefings;
22. Magazine of fire safety briefings;
23. Logbook of accounting and inspections fire extinguishers ;
24. Journal of inspection of premises after the end of the working day;
25. Logs of preventive maintenance and maintenance of fire alarm systems and emergency control systems for people in case of fire;
26. The act of conducting training to develop evacuation plans;
27. Acts of measuring the resistance to spreading of grounding conductors and checking metal connection electrical equipment with a grounding device;
28. Protocols for measuring the insulation resistance of electrical wiring;
29. Certificates of commissioning of AUPS, SOUE, AUPT systems;
30. Acts on the results of a comprehensive test automatic systems fire protection of the building;

31. Schedule of preventive maintenance of electrical equipment, ventilation systems;
32. Availability of fire safety signs on evacuation routes and signs with a call number fire department;
33. Certificates for Decoration Materials coverings of floors, walls and ceilings on escape routes;
34. Certificates and passports for fire doors;
35. Logbook of control activities;
36. Calculation of categories for fire and explosion fire danger warehouse space.

• How is a fire safety inspection carried out?
• Non-participation in verification
• Checks are not according to plan

How is it carried out? fire inspection IP? This question interests entrepreneurs. There are the same rules for everyone in the world - this also applies to fires. If you don't take precautions, a fire will definitely happen. Unfortunately, not all adults remember that safety measures must be observed, but they are reminded of this by fire inspectors who do not allow enterprise directors to relax, organizing both scheduled and unplanned scheduled checks. This fate did not escape individual entrepreneurs either.

How is a fire safety inspection carried out?

How is the fire safety inspection of individual entrepreneurs carried out? The main task of a scheduled inspection is to make sure that the businessman complies during production activities fire safety measures. Typically, this type of inspection is performed once every 3 years. But if legal entities, as well as individual entrepreneurs employed in the social sphere, healthcare or education, then the fire inspector can visit establishments more often. And usually inspections last up to 20 days - no more, unless, of course, there are any serious violations.
When three years have passed since the founding of the enterprise, it is included in the general inspection plan.

A notification is sent by Rospotrebnadzor, and a fire inspection of the individual entrepreneur can begin soon.

An inspector may visit an organization when an object requiring special fire safety has been put into operation at the enterprise. The entrepreneur must notify about this.

The prosecutor's office has the right to check whether the inclusion of any object in the annual plan checks. If this procedure is unfounded, there is every reason to send an order to the State Fire Inspectorate, and then the individual entrepreneur will be excluded from the list.

If a fire safety inspection is to take place for an individual entrepreneur, the documents must always be in order. And for this you need the contents of the following package valuable papers. Fire documents for individual entrepreneurs:

1. Technical documents from fire protection systems.
2. Legal documents. This means that there must be certificates of registration of ownership rights to real estate or lease agreements. Maybe these will be papers confirming the right to dispose of premises, land, transport, and structures.
3. Certificates of state registration of individual entrepreneurs and bank details of the enterprise.
4. Articles of association.
5. Orders and instructions indicating the persons who are responsible for the fire safety situation.
6. Log books with signatures of employees who are familiar with the list of fire safety rules. A separate log should include fire extinguishers.
7. Site and real estate plan.
8. Agreement with the company that services this system fire protection. A license and an annual work plan are also required.
9. Acts drawn up after the survey fire-fighting water supply, usually from the inside and outside.
10. Acts recording the acceptance of work related to fire safety, so that there is a license from the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation.
11. Special calculations that determine the type of fire and explosion hazard.

Return to contents

Non-participation in verification

When an organization enters into an approved plan, it seems that a planned inspection cannot be avoided. But there is a fire safety audit, which is carried out with the task of finding violations of fire safety requirements at the enterprise, and developing the necessary measures to eliminate them. For this purpose, there are accredited enterprises operating on a contractual basis.

The results are recorded in a conclusion on an independent fire risk assessment. A plan of necessary measures to eliminate violations must be included here. The document is signed by officials included in the expert organization. A copy of the document is sent to the department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, and then, after the expiration of the deadline, the conclusion, which has been registered, is given to the entrepreneur.

When the object has successfully passed the test and complies with the standards fire safety, then it may not be included in scheduled inspections for three years.

Return to contents

Checks not according to plan

There are inspections that are not included in the inspection plan. They are carried out in the following cases:

• if the prosecutor’s office and the State Fire Inspectorate have received a complaint that a threat to the life and/or health of people has been identified, environment, plants, animals, state security, or there is a danger of a natural or artificial nature;
• if the deadline for fulfilling the order to eliminate the violation has expired.

The businessman is notified one day before the inspection that the inspection will start not according to plan.

If you monitor the work of fire inspectors, you will notice a general pattern. They are primarily interested in:

• safety of evacuation and emergency exits;
• the presence of systems that respond to the slightest fire, automatic fire extinguishing, smoke protection and warning people about fire;
• exceptional compliance with fire safety requirements, which primarily relate to electrical wiring, internal fire water supply And simple remedies fire extinguishing;
• fire documents, the maintenance of which is necessary.

It happens that the inspector forces employees to admit guilt in some way. In this case, you cannot do without the advice of a lawyer or company manager. During the inspection, the inspector can conduct it if a lawyer and a person responsible for fire safety are nearby. They are required to have powers of attorney with them.

Recording the inspection on camera is very important. The recording received from the camera will later be evidence in the case. If there are suspicions about dishonesty of an official, you can film the inspection so that the recording can be used as evidence. The same argument will be a journal in which every point of the inspection will be recorded, starting from the list of inspectors, the date and ending with legal regulations and its goals. It is necessary to keep a log so that in case of violations committed by an inspector, you can complain to the State Fire Inspectorate.

A fire inspector, as a safety specialist, has his own work characteristics that characterize his activities. Such factors are concentrated in the area of ​​consideration of certain points that are inherent in compliance with safety rules, in particular the prevention of fire hazards.

So, what does a fire inspector look for when checking:

Checking evacuation plans. Every public institution is required to have appropriate detailed plans evacuation in case of fire hazards, which will help employees freely exit the building. In the absence of evacuation plans, the administration of the organization may be exposed.

Checking existing fire alarms. It is she who must inform all people in the building about the relevant fire danger and force them to leave the premises before accidents occur. The absence of this security system is also punishable by penalties.

Availability of special fire safety instructions, which must be carefully read and signed by all employees of the enterprise. It should cover all the nuances of handling electrical items, devices and other automated means that can cause short circuits in the electrical network and lead to a fire.

Checking the available means for primary fire extinguishing, which include sand, shovels, an ax, fire extinguishers with a specified expiration date. It is worth noting that such a kit should be on almost all floors of the building and guarantees the absence of accidents if used in a timely manner.

Availability of internal fire hydrants and their equipment with fire hoses. They must not show any obvious signs of defects or deformations that could subsequently lead to accidents. It is worth noting that bends and other negative elements of the condition of the fire hose can break it under high pressure water.

Checking the special impregnation of all available window openings, doors and shelving. Their wooden base should not burn, thereby helping to prevent fire hazards. In addition, they should not be under the influence high temperatures release dangerous toxins or bad smell, which can have a detrimental effect on the human body.

Presence of unforeseen obstacles on the evacuation route. These include a variety of gratings, stored building materials, garbage that does not prevent access to emergency exit. In the event of a real danger, all of them will be able to prevent the normal passage of employees of a public organization to a safe exit, which must also be equipped with a special illuminated sign.

Viewing the layout of the building and the absence of any interference in it from the administration. If they exist and are not agreed upon with the appropriate authorities, penalties will be imposed.

Availability of fire safety system accessories such as electric lights or emergency lighting. With their help, employees or visitors to a public building will be able to easily find the necessary fire exit and proceed to it. It is worth noting that lighting is often not provided in buildings without additional government funding.

Checking the availability of specially equipped smoking rooms and the presence of bins and ashtrays there. According to the law, every public institution must have such places for employees to relax.

In case of specially installed fire doors, be sure to check all documentation confirming their quality and reliability. If they fail to fulfill their direct functions and an accident occurs, the administration and the fire inspector who conducted the relevant inspection will be held responsible.

Checking existing signs with the required name of the person responsible for fire safety. It is this person who is responsible for monitoring compliance with all basic safety regulations and checking after the end of the working day to turn off electrical appliances.

Using a variety of fireplaces, kettles and other items in places not designated for this purpose. It is worth noting that such accessories are strictly prohibited in public buildings, which are characterized by the presence large quantities waste paper, such as libraries or specialized archives.

Checking the wiring, namely the presence of twists, defects or deformations that can become a direct source short circuit, and thus, fire. All signs of foreign interference with performance electrical networks, without the knowledge of the fire inspectorate, must be carefully documented and are the basis for penalties.

These points are the main stages of the fire inspector’s activity, the execution of which directly affects the object being inspected.

Required documentation during inspection.

Order on the appointment of someone responsible for fire safety in the organization.

Order on the procedure for conducting fire safety briefings.

Order of appointment responsible person for primary fire extinguishing means.

Order on the appointment of a person responsible for carrying out fire hazardous work.

Order on the appointment of a person responsible for electrical equipment.

Order on identifying and equipping smoking areas.

Order on the procedure for de-energizing electrical equipment.

Order on the procedure for inspection and closure of premises.

Order on the procedure for cleaning up flammable waste and dust.

Logbook of inspections by regulatory authorities.

Inspection log of production and auxiliary premises at the end of the working day.

Logbook for fire safety briefings.

Fire extinguisher operating certificate.

Fire extinguisher maintenance log.

Logbook for primary fire extinguishing equipment.

Fire hydrant log book.

Check log of fire hydrants, intake devices in reservoirs, fire pumps and panels.

Instructions for those responsible for fire safety of the premises.

Instructions on fire safety measures at the enterprise.

Instructions for maintenance fire extinguishers.

Instructions for use of fire water supply system.

Memo on the timing of checking and recharging fire extinguishers.

Fire safety standards training in fire safety measures for workers.

Standards for equipping premises with portable fire extinguishers.

Fire retardant impregnation inspection report.

Application for recharging fire extinguishers.

Procedure for employees to follow in the event of a fire.

The procedure for closing production and auxiliary premises at the end of the working day.

Fire prevention plan for the year.

Log of the evacuation plan.

Full set necessary documents(orders, instructions, industrial safety magazines, regulations, recommendations) You can purchase on our website. Having spent very little time, you will receive ready documents on fire safety.

Fire safety in Russian legislation is understood as the state of protection of individuals, property, society and the state from fires. Compliance with fire safety rules is undoubtedly not an empty formality or a way to avoid fines and other sanctions, but a vital necessity and responsibility of all citizens and organizations. And an individual entrepreneur is no exception.

The legal framework in the field of fire safety consists of a number of voluminous documents:
Federal Law of December 21, 1994 No. 69-FZ “On Fire Safety” (hereinafter referred to as Law No. 69-FZ);
Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” (hereinafter referred to as Law No. 123-FZ);
Fire safety rules in the Russian Federation (PPB 01-03), introduced by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 18, 2003 No. 313 (hereinafter referred to as PPB);
Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated June 20, 2003 No. 323 “On approval of fire safety standards “Design of fire warning systems for people in buildings and structures” (NPB 104-03)” (hereinafter referred to as NPB 104-03);
Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated June 18, 2003 No. 315 “On approval of fire safety standards” List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment subject to protection automatic installations fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm" (NPB 110-03)" (hereinafter referred to as NPB-110-03);
Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated December 12, 2007 No. 645 “On approval of fire safety standards “Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations” (hereinafter referred to as NPB Training);
"SP 3.13130.2009. Set of rules. Fire protection systems. Warning and management system for evacuation of people in case of fire. Fire safety requirements”, approved by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated March 25, 2009 No. 173 (hereinafter referred to as SP 3.13130.2009);
"SP 5.13130.2009. Set of rules. Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design standards and rules”, approved by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated March 25, 2009 No. 175 (hereinafter referred to as SP 5.13130.2009);
"SP 9.13130.2009. Set of rules. Fire equipment. Fire extinguishers. Requirements for operation”, approved by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated March 25, 2009 No. 179 (hereinafter referred to as SP 9.13130.2009).

Rights and obligations of an entrepreneur

Law No. 69-FZ as base document defines the main responsibilities of citizens and organizations in the field of fire safety.

Individual entrepreneurs, like all citizens, in accordance with Art. 34 of Law No. 69-FZ are required to:
comply with fire safety requirements;
have in the premises and buildings in their ownership (use) primary fire extinguishing means and fire fighting equipment in accordance with fire safety rules and lists approved by the relevant local authorities;
If fires are detected, immediately notify the fire brigade;
before the arrival of the fire department, take all feasible measures to save people, property and extinguish fires;
assist the fire department in extinguishing fires;
comply with orders, regulations and other legal requirements of state fire inspection officials;
provide, in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, the opportunity for officials of the state fire supervision to conduct inspections and inspections of production, utility, residential and other premises and buildings belonging to them in order to monitor compliance with fire safety requirements and suppress their violations.

An individual entrepreneur has the right to conclude employment contracts with employees, that is, to be an employer, and therefore the provisions specified in Art. 37 of Law No. 69-FZ, responsibilities of the head of the organization:
comply with fire safety requirements, as well as comply with orders, regulations and other legal requirements of fire officials;
develop and implement measures to ensure fire safety;
conduct fire prevention propaganda, as well as train their employees in fire safety measures;
to include in collective agreement fire safety issues;
maintain fire protection systems and means, including primary fire extinguishing means, in good condition, and prevent their use for other purposes;
provide assistance to fire protection in extinguishing fires, establishing the causes and conditions of their occurrence and development, as well as in identifying persons guilty of violating fire safety requirements and causing fires;
provide in in the prescribed manner when extinguishing fires on the territories of enterprises, the necessary forces and means;
provide access to fire officials when performing their official duties on the territory, buildings, structures and other facilities of enterprises;
provide, at the request of state fire supervision officials, information and documents on the state of fire safety at enterprises, including the fire hazard of the products they produce, as well as fires that occurred on their territories and their consequences;
immediately report to the fire department about fires, malfunctions of existing fire protection systems and means, changes in the condition of roads and passages;
promote the activities of volunteer firefighters.

It is important to note that individual entrepreneurs directly manage the fire safety system and bear personal responsibility for compliance with fire safety requirements.

Thu What is a fire safety system?

The main working document of the above regulations for an individual entrepreneur, as for any organization, is the PPB. It is on the basis of this document that the fire safety system of an individual entrepreneur is built.

In accordance with clause 4 of the PPB, individual entrepreneurs at their facilities must have a fire safety system aimed at preventing exposure to people hazardous factors fire, including its secondary manifestations. What does this mean?

Order on the procedure for ensuring fire safety

Firstly, an individual entrepreneur must approve an order on the procedure for ensuring fire safety. This order appoints a person responsible for fire safety, approves instructions on fire safety measures, resolves issues of conducting fire safety training, etc. When choosing a candidate for fire safety, it is important to remember that both the individual entrepreneur and the person responsible for fire safety must undergo fire safety training and receive a certificate of knowledge testing. A sample order.

Instructions on fire safety measures

Second important element Fire safety systems are instructions on fire safety measures. According to clause 6 of the PPB, at each facility such instructions must be developed for each explosion-hazardous and fire-hazardous area. In addition, clause 14 of the PPB contains reference to general facility instructions. Therefore, an individual entrepreneur should develop and approve general instructions for each object and if there is an explosive or fire hazardous area at such an object, create separate instructions for these areas.

The instructions on fire safety measures must reflect the following information (Appendix 1 to PPB 01-03):
1. procedure for maintaining the territory, buildings and premises, including escape routes;
2. measures to ensure fire safety during technological processes, equipment operation, and fire hazardous work;
3. procedure and standards for storage and transportation of explosive substances and fire hazardous substances and materials;
4. smoking areas, use open fire and carrying out hot work;
5. the procedure for collecting, storing and removing flammable substances and materials, maintaining and storing protective clothing;
6. limit readings of control and measuring instruments (pressure gauges, thermometers, etc.), deviations from which can cause a fire or explosion;
7. duties and actions of workers in case of fire:
o rules for calling the fire department;
o order emergency stop technological equipment;
o procedure for turning off ventilation and electrical equipment;
o rules for the use of fire extinguishing agents and fire automatic installations;
o procedure for evacuation of flammable substances and material assets;
o the procedure for inspecting and bringing all premises of the enterprise (division) into a fire and explosion-proof condition.

When developing instructions, it is also necessary to pay attention to clause 15 of the PPB, which contains a list of issues that should be reflected in the administrative document of an individual entrepreneur, in particular:
determination of the location and permissible quantity of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products;
determining the procedure for de-energizing electrical equipment at the end of the working day;
regulation of the procedure for inspecting and closing premises after completion of work;
determination of the procedure and timing of fire safety training and fire safety training, as well as the appointment of those responsible for their implementation.

Since clause 15 of the PPB does not specify the type of document, some of the issues can be stated not in the instructions, but in the order on the procedure for ensuring fire safety.

In addition, when drawing up instructions, you need to pay attention to clause 110 of the Fire Safety Regulations, which describes specific actions that an individual entrepreneur or a person responsible for fire safety must take upon arrival at the scene of a fire. Such actions include reporting the occurrence of a fire to the fire department, organizing the rescue of people in the event of a threat to their lives, checking whether the fire warning system, fire extinguishing, smoke protection is activated, turning off power if necessary, stopping the operation of transporting devices, units, apparatus, stopping all work in the building, removal of workers from the danger zone, organization of evacuation and protection of material assets, etc. It is advisable to specify the above actions more fully and specifically in the instructions developed by the entrepreneur.

Other PPB requirements

As the third element of the fire safety system of an individual entrepreneur, we list a number of fire safety requirements. Thus, clause 13 of the Rules requires that signs indicating the fire department telephone number be posted in prominent places in all premises.

According to clause 16 of the PPB, in buildings and structures where more than 10 people are on the floor at a time, plans (schemes) for evacuation of people in the event of a fire must be developed and posted in prominent places, and a system (installation) for warning people about a fire must be provided. The fire warning system (installation) must comply with NPB 104-03 and SP 3.13130.2009. Section 5 of NPB 104-3 will help an individual entrepreneur determine the type of warning system and control of evacuation of people in case of fire. In buildings where they are not required technical means to notify people about a fire, an individual entrepreneur must determine the procedure for notifying people about a fire and appoint persons responsible for this (clause 103 of the PPB).

If 50 people or more are simultaneously staying at the site of an individual entrepreneur, then in addition to the schematic plan for evacuation of people in case of fire, instructions must be developed that determine the actions of personnel for safe and quick evacuation, according to which practical training on the evacuation of all workers should be conducted at least once every six months.

At the same time, the PPB in paragraph 52 requires that doors on evacuation routes open freely and in the direction of exit from the building.
Also, individual entrepreneurs should remember about timely maintenance and inspection of fire protection systems and installations. In accordance with clause 34 of the PPB, they must be constantly kept in working order. The list of premises and equipment that must be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations (AUP) and fire alarm systems (AUPS) is given in NPB 110-03.

According to clause 23 of the PPB, roads, driveways and entrances to buildings, structures, open warehouses, external fire escapes and water sources used for fire fighting must always be free for passage fire equipment, maintained in good condition, and in winter cleared of snow and ice. Standard safety signs must be posted near equipment that has an increased fire hazard (clause 33 of the PPB).

Clause 40 of the Rules contains a number of prohibitions on the storage of flammable and combustible liquids, explosives, etc. in basements and ground floors, accommodation in elevator lobbies storerooms, kiosks and stalls, etc. prohibitions. A number of restrictions have also been established when operating evacuation routes and exits: do not block the paths, do not block the doors, do not install dryers and clothes hangers in the vestibules of the doors, do not install thresholds, revolving doors and turnstiles, etc. (clause 53 of the PPB). PPB also impose requirements for the maintenance of external fire escapes and fences on the roofs of buildings and structures. They must be kept in good condition and subjected to operational tests at least once every five years (clause 41 of the PPB). Doors attic spaces, as well as technical floors and basements, where permanent presence of people is not required, must be locked. On the doors of these premises there should be information about where the keys are stored. Windows in attics, technical floors and basements must be glazed and permanently closed (clause 44 of the PPB).

In accordance with clause 108 of the PPB, premises, buildings and structures must be provided with primary fire extinguishing means (fire extinguishers, etc.). The procedure for determining the required quantity, types and types of such funds are established in Appendix No. 3 to the PPB.

Fire safety training

Law No. 69-FZ establishes the obligation of the administration of organizations to train employees of these organizations in fire safety measures. This obligation also applies to individual entrepreneurs. He is responsible for organizing and timely training in the field of fire safety and testing the knowledge of fire safety rules for employees (clause 2. NPB Training). Fire safety training is informing society and citizens about fire safety requirements, including measures to prevent fires, organizing fires and extinguishing fires, as well as actions to save lives and property in the event of fires.

In practice, as a rule, training in fire safety measures is understood only fire safety training. However, it is necessary to note that similar interpretation not entirely true. According to clause 4 of the NPB Training, the main types of training for employees of organizations in fire safety measures are fire safety briefings and the study of a minimum of fire-technical knowledge (hereinafter referred to as fire-technical minimum, PTM).

An individual entrepreneur, his specialists and employees responsible for fire safety must be trained in the fire safety technical minimum. Such training is carried out within one month after hiring and then at least once every three years, and in fire and explosion hazardous industries - at least once a year. The responsibility for organizing fire safety training falls on the individual entrepreneur. The entrepreneur himself, his main specialists and employees responsible for fire safety must undergo fire safety training outside of production on the basis of concluded agreements with specialized institutions (for example, training centers Federal fire service Ministry of Emergency Situations) according to fire-technical minimum programs.

In accordance with clause 7 of the PPB, all employees of the organization must be allowed to work only after undergoing fire safety training. The procedure is regulated by the NPB Training. The purpose of fire safety training is to inform employees of individual entrepreneurs of the basic fire safety requirements, study the fire hazard of technological processes of production and equipment, fire protection equipment, as well as their actions in the event of a fire.

Fire safety training is carried out with all employees of an individual entrepreneur according to approved programs and in the manner determined by the entrepreneur. The entrepreneur can establish the procedure for conducting fire safety training in the Instructions on fire safety measures, and the individual entrepreneur’s programs must be approved by order, for example, an order on the procedure for ensuring fire safety.

During the briefing process, taking into account the specifics of the entrepreneur’s activities, employees must be familiarized with:
rules for maintaining the territory, buildings and premises, including evacuation routes, external and internal water supply, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process;
fire safety requirements;
measures to ensure fire safety during the operation of buildings, equipment, and the performance of fire hazardous work;
rules for the use of open fire and hot work;
responsibilities and actions of workers in case of fire, rules for calling the fire department, as well as the use of fire extinguishing equipment and fire automatic installations.

In accordance with the NPB Training, there are 5 types of fire safety briefings: introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted. They all differ in nature and timing. In accordance with clause 10 of the NPB Training, an individual entrepreneur must keep a log of fire safety briefings, the form of which is approved by Appendix No. 1 to the NPB Training. This journal contains entries about the conduct of introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled, targeted fire safety briefings with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and the person instructing.

Introductory fire safety briefing, in accordance with clause 11 of the NPB Training is carried out:
with all employees of an individual entrepreneur who are newly hired, regardless of their education and work experience in the profession (position);
with seasonal workers;
with employees seconded to individual entrepreneurs;
with students who arrived at industrial training or practice;
with other categories of employees (citizens) by decision of the individual entrepreneur.

Introductory briefing is carried out by the individual entrepreneur himself or the person responsible for fire safety in a specially equipped room using visual aids and educational materials. The introductory fire safety briefing program should be developed taking into account the approximate list of questions approved by Appendix No. 2 of the NPB-Training. This briefing ends practical training actions in the event of a fire and testing knowledge of fire extinguishing means and fire protection systems.
Primary fire safety training is carried out directly at the workplace for all newly hired employees and for employees transferred from one unit to another; with employees performing work that is new to them; with employees seconded to individual entrepreneurs; with seasonal travelers; with on-the-job trainees or trainees, etc. (clause 16 of the NPB Training). The NPB Training states that such instruction is carried out by the person responsible for fire safety in each structural unit, but if an individual entrepreneur has a small staff and does not have departments, then the individual entrepreneur himself can provide instructions, having previously assumed the responsibilities of the person responsible for fire safety. Initial training is carried out personally with each employee. At the same time, the employee is explained, clearly demonstrated and practiced with him the ability to use primary fire extinguishing means (usually fire extinguishers), actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, and assistance to victims. As in the case induction training, an approximate list of questions approved by Appendix No. 2 of the NPB Training will help develop a program of initial instruction.

In order to test knowledge of fire safety, the person responsible for fire safety conducts repeated fire safety briefings with all employees at least once a year, and with employees of organizations with fire-hazardous production, at least once every six months in accordance with the schedule approved by the individual entrepreneur conducting classes.

In a number of cases listed in clause 26 of the NPB Training, it is necessary to conduct unscheduled fire safety training, for example:
when introducing new or changing previously developed rules, norms, and instructions on fire safety;
when it changes technological process production, replacement or modernization of equipment, tools, raw materials, materials;
in case of violation by employees of the organization of fire safety requirements, which could lead or did lead to a fire;
when establishing facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of fire safety requirements by employees of organizations, etc.

Unscheduled briefing is carried out by the employee responsible for ensuring fire safety, while the volume and content of the briefing are determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons that necessitated the need for it.

In the case of one-time welding and other hot work, liquidation of consequences of accidents, preparation mass events with a number of participants of more than 50 people and in other cases (clause 28 of the NPB Training), targeted fire safety training is carried out.

Entrepreneur's responsibility

For violation of fire safety requirements, an individual entrepreneur may be brought to administrative and criminal liability.

In accordance with Art. 38 of Law No. 69-FZ, responsibility for violations of fire safety requirements lies with property owners, persons authorized to own, use or dispose of property, including heads of organizations, persons responsible for ensuring fire safety, as well as officials within their competence. Since an individual entrepreneur can be the owner of property, has the right to rent, and therefore own and use property, and can be an employer, the provisions of the above article also apply to him.

Arbitrage practice

This position is confirmed in the resolution of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Volga District dated 09.09.2010 in case No. A55-3469/2010: “In accordance with Article 38 Federal Law dated December 21, 1994 No. 69-FZ “On Fire Safety”, responsibility for violation of fire safety requirements in accordance with current legislation lies with persons authorized to own and use property.

As established by the courts and confirmed by the case materials, a lease agreement was concluded between the entrepreneur and Volzhskoye LLC non-residential premises dated 01.01.2009 No. 030/09, during the inspection of which a violation of fire safety rules was revealed, namely: the lack of primary fire extinguishing equipment (fire extinguishers) in accordance with the standards; failure to measure the insulation resistance of power and lighting electrical wiring.

The courts correctly concluded that IP Krivov V.S. as a person authorized to own and use property, may be subject to liability provided for in Part 1 of Article 20.4 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.”

Administrative liability for violation of fire safety requirements is established by Art. 20.4 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. Please note that, in accordance with the note to Art. 2.4 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, individual entrepreneurs bear administrative responsibility as officials, unless otherwise specified in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. In addition, the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation contains sanctions for violation of fire safety rules in forests (Article 8.32).

Criminal liability for violation of fire safety requirements is established by Art. 219 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Specific types of sanctions are indicated in the Table Responsibility for violation of fire safety requirements

In conclusion, it is necessary to emphasize once again that compliance with fire safety requirements is not only a guarantee against claims from inspection bodies and prosecution, but also a guarantee of safety and prevention of the threat of destruction and damage to the property of an individual entrepreneur and, most importantly, a threat to the life and health of the entrepreneur himself and to his employees.