Inspection of fire hydrants. Methods and terms for checking fire hydrants

DAILY ACT

fire hydrant checks

Commission consisting of: _________________________________________________

(fire department representative)

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

representative of MUP "TGKH" (TsVKiOS) _______________________________

drew up this act stating that "____" ____________ 200_, a joint inspection of fire hydrants and water bodies of Gorodets, Zavolzhye, ZMZ JSC was carried out

Total: __________________________________________________________________________

Fire brigade representative: ________________________________________________

Representative of MUE "TGKH" (TsVKiOS) ________________________________________

fire hydrant acceptance

"______" _________ 200__

We, the undersigned representative of the TsVK MUP TGKH (TsVKiOS) ________________________ and the representative of the PC- ______________________ conducted a test for water loss, checked the technical condition of the SG No. __________________________________________________________________

(location, street)

PG No.______ is in __________________ condition. The nature of serviceability ________________________________________________________

Head of the Central Exhibition Complex (TsVKiOS) _________________________

Head of the guard _______________________________

Note: the act is drawn up in two copies

ACT of acceptance of a fire hydrant, DAILY ACT of checking fire hydrants and CONSOLIDATED ACT -issued in duplicate

CONSOLIDATED ACT

"_____" _____________ 200___

We, the undersigned, represent the fire brigade.

On the one hand, and the person responsible for fire-fighting water supply ______________________________________________________________, on the other hand, drew up an act that in the period from ______________________ to ______________________

In 200_____, a joint inspection of fire hydrants and reservoirs was carried out with the launch of water.

Checked fire hydrants and water bodies on the territory of _____________________

Faults in fire water sources were detected:

Boss

FC- _________________________________________________

Responsible for p / p

Water supply of the city (object) __________________________________________

SAMPLE

INSTRUCTION

according to the results of the autumn and spring inspection of the external

fire water supply.

Repair faulty fire hydrants

Clear access roads to fire hydrants No.…

(Reason: PPB - 01 - 03 p. 89)

At the location hydrants install volumetric indicators with illumination or flat ones with a reflective coating (fluorescent).

(Reason: PPB - 01 - 03 p. 90; "Rules for the technical operation of systems and facilities for public water supply and sewerage" (PTE); No. 168 of 12/30/99, p. 2.10.11)

Clean the manhole covers of the wells. hydrants No. ... from earth, debris, ice, snow.

(Foundation of the PPB - 01 - 03 p. 89; PTE No. 168 of December 30, 99, p. 2.10.11)

Clean the SG wells from dirt, debris, snow

(Reason: PPB - 01 - 03 p. 89; PTE No. 168 of December 30, 1999, p. 2.10.11; p. 2.10.12)

Pump out water from SG wells.

(Reason: PTE No. 168 dated December 30, 1999, clause 2.10.11; clause 2.10.12)

Repair and seal SG wells in order to prevent groundwater from entering them.

(Reason: PTE No. 168 dated December 30, 1999, p. 2.10.11; .p. 2.10.12; p. 2.10.19)

Carry out scheduled preventive repairs and maintenance of fire hydrants and stop valves plumbing network.

(Reason: PTE No. 168 dated December 30, 1999, p. 2.10.19)

Conduct a technical test of fire hydrants for water loss.

(Reason: PTE No. 168 dated December 30, 1999, p. 2.10.17)

In the water supply section, enter the necessary accounting documentation (magazines)

(Reason: PTE No. 168 dated December 30, 1999, clause 2.10.51; clause 1.6.6)

QUESTIONS,

which must be reflected in the information addressed to the heads of administrations (heads of facilities) based on the results of the spring (autumn) inspection of the fire water supply of the area (object).

Brief description of water supply (number of fire hydrants, reservoirs, piers, water towers, network diameter, of which are faulty, including those that do not provide standard water consumption for fire fighting purposes).

Analysis of faulty fire hydrants over the past 5 years.

Give 2-3 examples of fires where water supply during fire extinguishing did not provide the required water flow for fire extinguishing needs.

Reflect on the availability and condition of access roads to water sources (give examples).

Availability and condition of indicators of water sources.

Show the role of the heads of WSS and heads of enterprises for maintaining water sources in good condition.

According to the results of the tests for the water yield of the water supply, show that the actual flow rate corresponds to the standard one.

Determine the need for water sources of settlements and objects of the region (the required number of fire hydrants, reservoirs, piers, paved roads to them). Include this data as a proposal, including for waterless areas (settlements).

Proposals on what needs to be done to improve the maintenance of water sources in working order.

The certificate should include questions on the future development of water supply networks (replacement of networks, hydrants, repair of water towers, deepening and cleaning of ponds, construction of dams, construction of piers, construction of access roads to water sources).

In the certificate, reflect whether the water services have licenses for the right to carry out repair and other types of work, at what stage this work is.

Note: 1. These questions should be reflected in the certificate in

mandatory.

2. Send copies of the letter with a report to the SPT (3rd duty

EXTRACT FROM RULES(APPROVED BY THE ORDER OF THE GOSSSTROY OF RUSSIA No. 168 of December 30, 1999) OF TECHNICAL OPERATION OF SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE

SECTION I. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1. Key points

1.1.2. PTE apply to the rights and obligations of operating personnel for the maintenance, provision of rational operating modes, acceptance and commissioning, control and accounting, repair and elimination of damage and accidents at structures, equipment, devices and systems of water supply and sanitation of the WSS, as well as for the implementation requirements established to ensure proper sanitary and access control in protected areas.

1.1.4. PTEs are valid throughout the territory Russian Federation and are obligatory for the personnel of WSS organizations serving settlements, regardless of their departmental affiliation, form of ownership and organizational and legal forms.

1.1.5. The operation of WSS systems and structures is carried out by the WSS organization in accordance with the Rules for the use of public water supply and sewerage systems in the Russian Federation /3/ .

1.1.7. Organization of WSS when discharging water from the water supply system, and (or) receiving Wastewater into the sewerage system organizes and conducts its activities in accordance with the "Rules for the use of public water supply and sewerage systems in the Russian Federation", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 12, 1999 No. 167 / 3 /.

1.1.9. The operation of WSS systems and structures is allowed only if the WSS organization has a license for licensed activities /6/.

1.1.25. The WSS organization should be specialized, have a staff of persons trained in accordance with methodological guide for certification of specialists of housing and communal services in Russia Direction of activity "Operation of external water supply and sanitation systems" /9/ and admitted to perform the required work, as well as the necessary material and technical base.

1.1.28. The functions of the WSS organization include:

a) administrative, economic and technical management of all departments and enterprises under its jurisdiction;

b) development of plans for organizational and technical measures and systematic monitoring of their implementation to improve the reliability, efficiency and quality of the provision of services;

f) development and implementation of measures to prevent accidents and defects in work to improve the state of safety, industrial sanitation and labor protection, accounting for malfunctions, cases of injuries and accidents;

c) development of proposals for the development of water supply and sewerage systems.

1.1.29. To timely and clearly address the issues of using water supply systems to extinguish fires and ensure maximum water yield of networks in areas possible occurrence major fires organization of WSS together with subdivisions fire service develops an engagement plan tailored to local conditions.

The issues of interaction between the WSS organization and the State Fire Service (SFS) are regulated by agreements between the relevant WSS organizations and the territorial authorities of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate, the Internal Affairs Directorate of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

1.1.30. In the event of accidents at structures, networks, equipment of water supply and sewerage systems, the WSS organization immediately takes measures to quickly detect, localize and completely eliminate the accidents that have occurred and eliminate their consequences.

1.1.31. For emergencies and other emergency situations inform the relevant state authorities, divisions of the State Fire Service, local self-government and the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision in due time.

1.2. Operating personnel and their training

1.2.20. The systematic training of personnel is organized and personally supervised by the head and chief engineer of the WSS organization.

1.4. Responsibilities of administrative and technical staff

1.4.1. The duties of administrative and technical personnel are regulated by the "Regulations on the subdivision", which is approved by the management of the organization.

1.4.2. Administrative and technical staff of divisions manufacturing enterprise must:

a) supervise the work of production and maintenance personnel,

b) provide workplaces with job and operational instructions, technological maps. safety regulations, regulations fire safety/16/, emergency response plans, instructions for civil defense in accordance with the established legal provisions and familiarize each employee with them;

c) control the specified modes and the level of reliability of the operation of structures and equipment and take necessary measures in case of their violation;

d) draw up defective statements for the current and major repairs of buildings, structures, equipment, work schedules and ensure their completion on time;

e) fill out applications for materials, equipment, spare parts, etc.;

f) monitor the correctness of keeping logs and records of the operation of structures and equipment, the availability of passports and other technical documentation, timely reflect in these documents the changes that have occurred during operation;

g) draw up reports on the operation of facilities and equipment;

h) study the operation of individual structures, installations and equipment, make proposals for the introduction of new equipment, improvement technological processes, improvement of constructions of structures and equipment, etc.;

i) organize technical training, training alerts in order to improve the skills of personnel;

j) conduct safety classes and briefings with operational personnel and constantly monitor their compliance with safety regulations.

1.4.3. The "Regulations on the subdivision" should define:

1) appointment of the unit;

2) production functions;

3) interaction with related departments (shops, sections, laboratory, instrumentation, etc.);

4) criteria indicators of the quality of work;

5) the composition and responsibility of the performers;

6) responsibilities in terms of the technological cycle;

7) responsibility for ensuring the implementation of technological parameters (or regulations);

8) the quality functions they provide;

9) availability of documentation for technical purposes;

10) the availability of documentation related to the quality of products (water, for the composition of which this unit is responsible);

11) subdivision resources;

12) equipment and measuring instruments;

13) the procedure for conducting internal audits quality of work (self-control procedure);

14) water quality parameters included in the subdivision's area of ​​responsibility;

15) duties and responsibilities established by these PTE.

1.6 Technical documentation

1.6.2. Subdivisions and services of the WSS organization should be provided with copies of the documents necessary for daily use during the operation of facilities, equipment, communications and control and automation facilities under the authority of these services.

1.6.6. The following are subject to permanent storage in the archive of the WSS organization:

c) operational schemes of water supply and sewerage systems locality in general or its isolated areas, indicating the location of all structures, main communications, means of regulation, automation and dispatching on a scale of 1:2000-1:5000. The scheme should be marked with a grid indicating the numbers of the tablets;

d) tablets on a scale of 1:2000, made on a geodesic base, 50x50 cm in size (1 km 2). On the tablets, all existing buildings, underground communications and structures in them should be applied. When applying communications of water supply and sewerage systems, the diameter, length, material and year of construction of pipelines must be indicated; complete equipment and numbers of wells (chambers) with marks of the earth, pipe or tray; fire hydrants - emergency outlets; subscriber connections and their registration numbers.

Notes:

3. Acts of acceptance of structures, communications and equipment for operation must be accompanied by the following documents:

f) acts of hydraulic tests of communications and structures for strength and tightness;

g) acts of testing fire hydrants for serviceability and water loss;

6. Complete set technical passports(maps) for structures, equipment, communications, aggregates, handling equipment, etc.;

The passport (card) of the product must contain

a) the name of the plant - manufacturer and year of manufacture of the product,

b) factory and inventory (local) number,

c) year of commencement of operation;

d) group and code according to the nomenclature of fixed assets;

e) technical specification compiled on the basis of the manufacturer's data;

f) factory test report;

g) performance test data:

h) acts and data of revision and repair, as well as protocols of tests carried out during the repair;

i) acts of accidents that have taken place and materials for analyzing the causes that caused the accident;

j) technical statistics data on the operating time and load of the unit, etc.

l) wiring diagrams equipment;

l) wiring diagrams for automation of the unit operation:

m) list of spare parts;

o) basic adjustment dimensions and values ​​for disassembly and assembly;

n) book value;

SECTION 2. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

2.1. Key points

2.1.1. The main tasks of the services for the operation of water supply systems are:

a) ensuring uninterrupted, reliable and efficient operation of all elements of water supply systems - water intake facilities, treatment facilities, water supply network, tanks and water towers, pumping stations.

2.10. Water pipelines and water supply network

General provisions

2.10.3. The operation of the water supply network is carried out by services that, depending on the length of the network and the amount of work, can be used in the form of sections, departments, services of the network, and for especially large cities - in the form of independent production operational and emergency departments subdivided into regional operational sections of the water supply network.

Supervision of the state and maintenance of the network

2.10.5. Supervision of the state of the network should be carried out by inspecting pipelines and checking the operation of the structures and equipment of the network.

Note: When carrying out these works, it is necessary to observe the Rules /З/.

2.10.6. Based on the results of inspections and verification of the operation of equipment, assessment of the level of its reliability, they develop and carry out measures for the technical maintenance of the network, carrying out preventive, current and major repairs.

2.10.7. For the production of operational work to supervise the state and maintain the network, operational (preventive) and repair (emergency recovery) teams on duty should be created, the number and strength of which are determined by local conditions.

2.10.8. All operational work on the network, with the exception of work to eliminate accidents, is carried out by teams along the routes established by the network operation plan, depending on the volume and nature of the tasks for the day.

2.10.9. Each brigade is daily given a work order prepared the day before, without which the brigade should not go to work. The brigade is given the necessary technical documentation (diagram of bypass routes, logs for recording detected defects on the network), vehicles, tools, inventory, drainage equipment, a set of necessary safety equipment, etc.

2.10.10. The work of the operational teams is organized in accordance with job description approved by the management of the WSS organization.

2.10.11. An external bypass and inspection of each route of the water supply network is carried out at least once every two months. At the same time, they check:

a) the condition of the coordinate plates and hydrant indicators;

b) the technical condition of the wells, the presence and tightness of the covers, the integrity of hatches, covers, necks, brackets, ladders, the presence of water in the well or its leakage by opening the covers of the well with cleaning the covers from debris (snow, ice);

c) the presence of gases in the wells according to instrument readings;

d) the presence of blockages on the route and the network at the locations of wells, digging on the route of the network, as well as unauthorized work on the device of connections to the network;

e) the operation of street water intakes.

Note: During an external inspection of the routes of the network line, the descent of people into the wells is not allowed.

2.10.12. General preventive maintenance of network facilities and devices is carried out alternately twice a year. In doing so, the following work is performed:

a) in wells and chambers - cleaning and pumping out water, breaking off ice in the necks, preventive maintenance of socket and flange joints, acceleration of valve spindles, checking the operation of bypasses, adjusting the electric drive, inspecting air vents and other devices, checking the operation of fire hydrants with the installation of a stander on them, as well as, if necessary, replacement of staples, repair of ladders, replacement of covers.

Note: Repair of fire hydrants must be carried out within 24 hours from the moment the malfunction is discovered.

2.10.14. Preventive maintenance includes measures to protect devices and equipment on the network from freezing (installation and removal of insulation, ice breaking)

2.10.17. Checking the water supply network for water loss is carried out jointly by employees of the WSS organization and the local division of the State Fire Service. The water yield of the network section is determined by one of the recommended methods (volumetric, using a calibrated fire column, using the trunks of water meters). In accordance with the result of such a check, together with the local division of the State Fire Service, a list of closed gate valves (gates) installed on the ligaments between the lines and on the bypass lines of the pressure regulators is established in the normal technical condition of the system, with various emergency situations, as well as when supplying water for fire extinguishing needs.

Scheduled preventive and major repairs, elimination of accidents

2.10.18. The data of inspections and preventive maintenance with checking the condition of structures, the actions of equipment and devices on the network are used in the preparation of defective statements, the development of design estimates and for the production of preventive and preventive measures. overhaul.

2.10.19. Scheduled preventive maintenance on the network includes:

a) preventive actions- flushing and cleaning the network, breaking ice, cleaning wells, etc. chambers from dirt, pumping out water and other measures listed in the section "Supervision of the state and maintenance of the network" of these PTEs;

b) repair work - replacement of hatches, brackets, repair of the neck of the well, lifting and lowering hatches, etc.

2.10.20. Major repairs on the network include work on:

a) construction of new or full or partial reconstruction of wells (chambers);

b) laying of separate sections of lines with complete or partial replacement of pipes;

c) replacement of hydrants, standpipes, valves, butterfly valves, plungers, other equipment or their worn parts;

2.10.28. The WSS organization is obliged to notify the local subdivision of the State Fire Service and the local authorities of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of shutdowns in the water supply network related to current or major repairs no later than one day before the start of work.

Notes:

1. The WSS organization must immediately notify the local subdivision of the State Fire Service and the local body of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision about emergency shutdowns in the water supply network.

2. In the case of carrying out work related to blocking streets, it is necessary to immediately inform the divisions of the State Fire Service.

Management and development of optimal modes of operation of water supply and distribution systems

2.10.51. New and affiliated the current system pipelines are applied to the tablets stored in the technical department, and to the operational diagrams available in the control rooms, indicating the wells (chambers), the equipment installed in them and assigning them the appropriate registration numbers. Passports are issued for new pipelines and facilities.

Note : Fire hydrants are given registration cards, which indicate their number, address, date of installation and all types of work performed to maintain them.

LIST

guidance documents organization of control

for the state of the fire-fighting water supply.

1. Federal Law"About fire safety".

2. Law of the Nizhny Novgorod Region dated October 26, 1995 No. 16-3"About fire safety".

3. “Fire safety rules” (PPB-01-03).

4. “Rules for the technical operation of systems and facilities for public water supply and sewerage No. 168 dated 12/30/99”

5. ORDER of the UGPS No. 230 dated 12.08.02“On organizing and conducting an inspection of fire-fighting water supply in the city of Nizhny Novgorod and in the regions of the Nizhny Novgorod region.”

6. GOST 5.1763-72 Underground fire hydrants. Requirements for the quality of certified products.

7. GOST 12.4.009-83“Fire equipment for the protection of facilities. Main types. Accommodation and service”. System of labor safety standards.

8. GOST 12.1.004-91"Fire safety. General requirements". System of labor safety standards.

9. GOST 1.601-95"Operational Documents". one system design documentation.

10. GOST 12.3.006-75“Operation of water and sewer facilities and networks. General requirements". System of labor safety standards.

11. GOST 8220-85“Underground fire hydrants. Specifications”.

12. GOST 12.4.026-76“Signal colors and safety signs”. System of labor safety standards.

13. SNiP 2.04.02-84"Water supply. External networks and structures”.

14. SNiP 3.05.04-85“External networks and structures of water supply and sewerage”.

15. NPB 201-96“Fire protection of enterprises. General requirements".

16. Yukhimenko V.G.“To the chief of the duty guard on fire-fighting water supply.” - M.: Stroyizdat, 1986

17. Vorotyntsev Yu.P., Malakhov B.N.“To the inspector of state fire supervision on fire-fighting water supply.” - M .: Stroyizdat, 1987

18. Tudos A.V., chief specialist of the GUGPS of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia: (articles in the magazines "Fire Business":

- "Because without water."

- “Water supply in winter”.

19. Rules for the technical operation of water supply and sanitation systems in populated areas. Ministry of Housing and Communal Services, 1979

20. Normative-legal documents on water supply and sewerage facilities. Issue 1. Department of Housing and Public Utilities of the Ministry of Construction of Russia, Research Institute of KVOV, Moscow, 1995.

21.GOST 25151-82"Water supply. Terms and Definitions

1. Instructions for the maintenance and operation of firefighters

hydrants on water supply networks 2

2. Instructions for the maintenance and operation of fire reservoirs 5

3. GOST 8220-85 "Underground fire hydrants" 8

4. Water return of the water supply network 16

5. Water consumption from the water supply network 17

6. The maximum number of AC installed on the water supply system is 17

8. Daily act of checking fire water supply 22

9. Act of acceptance of a fire hydrant 23

10. Consolidated act of checking fire water supply 24

11. A sample for drawing up an order based on the results of external inspections

fire water supply 25

12. Issues that need to be reflected in the information addressed to the chapters

administrations (heads of facilities) based on the results of inspections

fire water supply of the area (object) 26

13. Extract from the rules (approved by order of the Gosstroy of Russia No. 168

dated December 30, 1999) technical operation of systems and structures

public water supply and sewerage 27

14. List of guiding documents on the organization of control

over the state of fire water supply 35

The external fire extinguishing system must be in working order at any hour of the day or night and at any time of the year. To ensure its serviceability, regular checks of fire hydrants, an important part of fire water pipelines, are carried out.

Main Checkpoints

Hydrants must always be in working order. V winter time years they need to be cleared of snow and insulated. Access to water intake devices is provided at any time of the year. If fire hydrants are installed on the roadway, then during the inspection or fire fighting, a section of the road is fenced off by installing warning signs. Pointers are placed on the facades of nearby houses so that they are clearly visible.

During the inspection check:

• manhole cover condition;
• is there water in the well or inside the riser;
• whether the hydrant works properly with the installation and inclusion of the column;
• what condition is the valve in (tightness, ease of opening/closing);
• condition of the head, thread, rod square.

The main breakdowns are associated with corrosion of parts, freezing in winter period, thinning and failure of the gasket. All this leads to the passage of water and the inability to use the device. A checked hydrant is noted in the log, writing down whether there are any malfunctions so that they can be corrected in a timely manner.

Reception and initial inspection

The very first tests of the hydrant are carried out at the factory in order to obtain a quality certificate. After that, it must be checked before commissioning. When purchasing a hydrant, they check the documentation, which contains the operating rules, warranty card and information about the quality certificate. Together with the main set of parts can be ordered check valve, which will prevent groundwater from entering the hydrant cavity. Order other necessary parts.

Before commissioning, an external inspection of the equipment is carried out and its performance is checked. Threads and exposed unpainted metal areas should be lubricated, the parts should not have cracks, chips, rust marks. Use of fire hydrant water for purposes other than firefighting or testing is prohibited.

Act of testing

In spring and autumn, hydrants are checked with an external inspection and water start-up. V different regions In Russia, the timing of inspections may vary, due to the peculiarities of the climate. After each inspection, an act is drawn up.

The act indicates the date of the check, inventory numbers of hydrants, addresses of their location. Indicate the diameter and type of the pipeline, the pressure of the network (in meters), the water yield (in liters per second) and the name of the organization that maintains the water intake devices. The act of checking fire hydrants is drawn up in several copies, giving a copy to a representative from each organization participating in the inspection.

Tests should be carried out during hours of maximum load on water supply network. The test is attended by a representative of the company serving the water supply network, employees of the fire brigade and a fire inspector. They draw conclusions about the compliance of hydrants with fire safety standards. The conclusions are displayed in the act of testing fire hydrants. At the end, the members of the commission put their signatures.

Check log

In addition to the act, a log of checking fire hydrants is maintained. The log is completed after each check, including after the first check, which takes place before commissioning. Columns are provided in the log for putting down the date of the check, recording faults, their causes, and the method of elimination, so that you can quickly determine the state of the tested hydrant. The results of each check are certified by the signature of the executing person and the controller. A person appointed by the management of the water utility or other service that has hydrants at its disposal is responsible for maintaining the log.

Features of the seasonal check and possible problems

Autumn inspection is scheduled for September or October. During this period, special attention is paid to the location of groundwater. In anticipation of frost, the well should be dry and clean. If there are blockages, they are eliminated, an external inspection is carried out and the hydrant is insulated.

Spring inspection takes place in April or May. The insulation is removed, the operation of the hydrant is checked, and the access roads are inspected. Check the condition and location of the index signs and measure the distance from them to the hydrant with a tape measure. It must match what is indicated on the signs. In the spring, fire hydrants are most often checked for water loss using special measuring equipment - hydrotesters.

When examining fire hydrants, you may encounter a situation where the head and other metal parts are so rusty that it is dangerous to touch them. In this case, it is better to refuse to screw on the column, and note the condition in the act in order to eliminate the problem during scheduled repairs.

The well may fill with water if the gasket between the stand and the hydrant or between the valve and the seat has worn out.

Sometimes the drain hole becomes clogged, which also leads to filling the cavity of the hydrant and the well with water.

In winter, in the absence of insulation, parts of the hydrant may freeze, and the locking device may fail. It is especially dangerous to install hydrants in the northern latitudes, designed to work in a milder European climate.

Why know water consumption

In use diameter water pipes may decrease due to limescale, which is gradually deposited inside. The water pressure in the network also changes, effective work pumps leak due to corrosion. To find out how critical all these changes are, they check the fire water supply.

First of all, check the networks located at the furthest distance from pumping station. Checks are also subject to dead-end pipelines, pipes with smallest diameter and the weakest pressure. Fire hydrants and faucets located at enterprises with increased fire hazard do not do without testing for water loss.

The test for water loss takes place after prior agreement with the water supply services in the presence of a representative of these services. Hydraulic tests must be carried out once every 5 years.

How to check the water yield

In the first method, fire hydrants are tested using a water meter consisting of a pressure gauge and a smooth tube. To determine the flow rate of the liquid, it is necessary to screw the column onto the hydrant. Then connect a manometer to one head of the column, and a tube (smooth pipe) to the other, through which water will flow.

When measuring device installed, fully open the hydrant valve with a key, and first unscrew the valve from the side of the pressure gauge. Take and record his testimony. Then open the valve from the side of the tube and again record the pressure gauge readings. Using the readings of the device and a special table, the water loss of the system is determined. The table shows the relationship between pressure, nozzle diameter and fluid loss. Thus, knowing the diameter and pressure, it is possible to determine how many liters of water are consumed per second and whether the flow rate complies with fire safety standards.

Alexei

In cities, to extinguish and localize fires, they use plumbing system. For this purpose, special devices are installed - fire hydrants.

It consists of a safety cap, a nipple, an o-ring, a safety ring, a stem and a body. The height can be up to 3m.

According to the method of placement, underground and ground are distinguished. Such equipment is installed no further than 150 m from each other, no closer than 5 m from buildings and structures, and can be located on the roadway. The law provides for the regular inspection of fire hydrants.

A little about fire extinguishers

Watch the video, the scope of fire hydrants:

Fire brigades use such objects both for direct fire extinguishing and for filling the machine with water, while the PG acts as a pump. Ground-based devices are in many ways inferior to underground ones, but they can also be used for other needs.

What is the verification for?

According to the requirements of fire safety rules, hydrants are checked twice a year: in spring and autumn, at positive air temperatures.

Based on the results, an appropriate act is drawn up. The most important thing is that at any time the device provides an uninterrupted supply of water in the right amount. Surface inspection checks:

• The integrity of the hatch and cover;
• Serviceability of the hydrant body;
• Checking the hydrants is carried out using a column, how easy it is to open and close the steam generator, and very tightly;
• Valve tightness;
• Availability of pointers

As a rule, the responsibility for the serviceability of the SG lies with the organization that controls the operation of the water supply and sewerage. Vodokanal works closely with fire department, in the event of a water supply shutdown, informs them in a timely manner.

Watch the video, what is the need for verification work:

When extinguishing a fire of a high degree of danger, the duty brigade assists the fire brigade. The cover of the well in which the fire hydrant is located is maintained by the organization on whose territory it is located. It is necessary to constantly remove garbage, remove ice and snow, and provide free access to it.

When it's legal

In April-May, with appropriate climatic conditions make a revision of the PG. At the same time, they remove the cover, remove the insulation, inspect the condition of the access roads, the serviceability of the device. In September-October, checking hydrants includes determining the location of groundwater, making insulation, removing blockages, and assessing the technical condition.

Nearby buildings and structures are marked with signs indicating the distance and exact location of the hydrant. The plate must be made with fluorescent or reflective paints and be clearly visible. The reliability of the specified data is checked by measuring distances using a tape measure.

Inspection work of hydrants for water loss

In accordance with fire safety requirements, it is important to keep water sources in constant readiness for use to extinguish fires. For this, they are assigned responsible persons who maintain the relevant documentation and control activities:

• The register of availability and revision of SG is filled in;
• Observe and note all changes in fire-fighting water supply;
• Timely information is provided to the heads of organizations on the territory of which the SGs are located;
• It is necessary to check the hydrants in a timely manner, repair and replace the failed one;
• Check the presence and serviceability of fire hoses, trunks and connecting elements.

In the spring, a technical inspection with the launch of water is carried out during the daytime, when water consumption is maximum. According to the index, they find equipment, remove insulation, install a fire column, check the integrity of the connections, remove blockages and plugs, and work ball valve, sleeve integrity. Then they start, measure the water loss using measuring equipment. Eliminate all identified faults. Inspect the compliance of the service range of adjacent buildings. Particular attention should be paid to filling out the act of checking the fire hydrant.

We watch a video of how water loss checks are carried out;

In the fall, the same activities are carried out as during the spring inspection. It is required to make sure that the technical serviceability, in case of detection, immediately eliminate it. But besides, you need to pump out The groundwater if they are present in the hydrant riser, insulate.

Since safety is important for everyone, you should not neglect it, you should listen to the advice of a specialist. It is necessary to keep the PG in working condition. Breakdowns are often associated with negative phenomena:

1. Freezing in winter conditions;
2. Filling the well with sewage and groundwater;
3. Clogged drain hole;
4. Damage caused by corrosion;
5. Leakage due to non-tightness of the gasket;

It should be noted that failure to comply with the requirements of the law entails liability. Supervision is carried out by the prosecutor's office, district authorities and the state fire inspection. Maintenance, repair and control is a very responsible matter, it is worth paying attention to important points:

• Checking and equipping fire hydrants is carried out by organizations that have the appropriate permits and licenses, which have quality equipment and trained professionals;
• Responsible organizations must ensure that they are freely accessible at all times.

There are several ways to test hydrants for water loss. You can use a measuring container and calculate the water consumption, knowing the volume and time of filling. It is possible to make the necessary measurements using a fire nozzle with a pressure gauge, water meter or a special column.

The law provides for a single type of drawing up an act of checking fire hydrants, you can get an established sample from regulatory authorities, or look on the Internet, it is important to reflect all the required parameters in it. It is best to entrust these works to specialists.

Fire hydrants are designed to draw water from sewerage networks. The devices are used to extinguish fires. Such hydrants are located vertically in special tanks with direct access to a water source.

Depending on the depth of the water tank, the height of the hydrants can reach up to 3 meters. According to the type of device, hydrants can be both underground and aboveground. Underground types of devices for the most part go down so that it is convenient to cover them with a lid. All models are produced under strict control and must comply with GOST certificates.

Frequency of inspections and tests

To ensure proper performance, the frequency of checking fire hydrants should be carried out 2 times a year. The main nuance when checking is the weather conditions. Checks should be carried out only in the warm season. Mostly. Most of these checks are carried out in spring and autumn, when the positive air temperature is established.

Like inspections, the frequency of testing fire hydrants is carried out according to the same principle. As a result of the inspection and testing, the inspection body issues a conclusion - a special act, which is drawn up by several persons. In the document, they carry out, according to the list, all the necessary actions aimed at identifying malfunctions.

If during the inspection or testing faults are found, the commission notes the nature of the fault in the documents. Further, the person who will be responsible for correcting all shortcomings will be appointed as inspectors. Deadlines for all repair work are assigned with the technological standards of a particular type of hydrant.

If a test for water loss is carried out, then an appropriate act is drawn up for these actions, which lists all the standards for the incoming pressure when water is supplied from the hydrant. You can get acquainted with the sample act by clicking on.

Tip: The water loss is checked at the time of maximum water consumption. This is necessary in order to determine the maximum and minimum water pressure in the channel.

Methods of inspection and testing

In Russia, the most common are internal hydrants, which are located in wells. They are installed on special stands desalinated inside water tanks. According to another type, they can be installed on the principle of an earthen embankment, without concreting the boundary surrounding the hydrant.

All units are installed in accordance with the requirements of inspections and technical documentation. Before installation, pipelines are flushed and cleaned.

All checks are carried out by specially created commissions. To more effectively identify faults, there are special schemes for carrying out such events.

During the preliminary check of the commission, the following facts are determined:

• whether there is a special plate with indicators and whether it is installed in accordance with technical standards;
• the quality of the paths leading to the hydrant and the ability to freely drive up to it for a fire truck;
• the quality of the cover covering the hatch of the well. When checking it is thoroughly cleaned;
• the quality of the condition of the outer casing of the hydrant itself;
• whether the dimensions of the squares of the control rods of the unit and the receiving end connections leading to the fire columns correspond;
• whether all the connecting elements of fire hydrants are properly fixed;
• the condition of the water tank;
• whether there is ground water or water of other origin in the well.

Opened, when viewed from the hydrant in the well, should look as shown in the figure.

The preliminary inspection is aimed at external inspection of the units and the surrounding area. Further, to continue the inspection, the inspection staff needs to carry out a number of works:

• remove heaters;
• clear all clogged areas from the soil;
• clean filling holes;
• install a fire column;
• open and close valves to determine their tightness and ease of operation;
• open and close the taps that supply water to determine how tight all the critical connections in the hydrant are.

The photo shows how the inspectors check the water supply in the hydrant.

After the test of fire hydrants for water loss is completed, they are registered and put into operation until the graying test.

In addition to the work performed, the following types of work can be applied:

• fire wells are examined for the presence of gas contamination and water. When found, the sources are eliminated;
• hydrant risers are checked for working condition exhaust valves;
• the body of the hydrant is insulated.

All actions taken by the inspection are aimed at determining the wear and tear of fire hydrants. To fully test all functionality, it is necessary to evaluate the operation of the water supply system itself.

To determine the entire functionality of the device, specialists draw up a methodology for testing fire hydrants for water loss. Before testing, inspectors must coordinate the procedure with the services responsible for monitoring water supply points.

The purpose of such tests is aimed at identifying the quality of the incoming water pressure using a hydrant. The results obtained during the test must be verified with the indicators determined by GOST. The efficiency of the pressure of the hydrant itself is compared with the methodological guide for determining the amount of water and the incoming pressure when it is supplied.

Such measures are mandatory when installing a new hydrant and putting it into operation, as well as after repair work.

All actions to check the water loss can be carried out in the following ways:

• using special water measuring devices with a suitable diameter. They are able to accurately measure the volume of incoming water, while not creating additional hydraulic resistance;
• using a special measuring container of any volume, on which a mark with control measurements should be shown;
• with the help of installed fire columns.

Testing of the hydrant for water loss is carried out in conjunction with its verification. Such tests should be carried out only at positive temperature. The tests themselves can only be carried out by organizations. who have the appropriate authority. They must record in the drawn up acts and reports all the work carried out.

In case of non-compliance with the norms of pressure in the sewerage, the reason is established, and responsible persons are appointed. They must correct all the shortcomings within the time limits set by the commission. After that, a control check of the pressure is carried out and, according to its results, the unit is put back into operation.

Types of detected faults

The main malfunctions that most installed hydrants are prone to are corrosion and freezing of the unit itself. Such malfunctions can lead to more serious consequences, such as cracks in the shell, due to which the supply pressure may drop or the equipment may fail completely.

The most common types of faults include:

• tank filling ground water and water coming from the current water supply. As a result of such constant leaks, the well begins to slowly fill with water. Its level begins to reach the extreme marks, where the inlets are located. This contributes to the formation of corrosion and clogging of drain holes;
• filling the tank with water, as a result of leaks at the place where the hydrant and stand are joined, or where the gaskets are located between the valves and the saddles;
• freezing of ball valves to rubber gaskets;
• freezing of valves to the saddle as a result of the location of the hydrant above the levels to which the soil freezes through.

The photo shows how the hydrant flows at the docking site.

Carrying out inspections and tests of fire units is a prerequisite in order to ensure an appropriate level of safety and, in the event of a fire, quickly neutralize it. Test methods allow you to determine the quality of the system as a whole, technological maps and regulations allow all work to be carried out quickly and efficiently.