We build a frame garage with our own hands. Independent construction of a frame garage. Advantages and disadvantages of frame construction

Best way construction of a garage "in one hand" - the construction of a frame. At the same time, it is not at all necessary to have experience in performing such work or to know the technology thoroughly. It is simple and intuitive. Step-by-step instructions for building a wooden frame garage will help you understand all its nuances.

By the name of the frame garage, it is easy to guess what underlies its design.

Frame - a structure built entirely of wood. Metal here are only fasteners and connecting elements (perforated corners and plates). The name of the technology is "speaking", informing that the basis of the structure is the frame. After it is sheathed with the selected material, a full-fledged building with load-bearing and curtain walls, truss system and ceilings.

There are three technologies for the construction of buildings of this type:

1. Canadian. Distinctive feature- in the use of SIP-panels. These products consist of thick (10-20 cm) polyurethane foam, glued on both sides with OSB (oriented strand board) sheets 9-12 mm thick.
2. Frame-panel, implying the assembly of large-sized panels from boards and their subsequent installation in the frame openings.
3. Frame-frame. The easiest to implement, allowing you to do the whole range of work with your own hands, without the involvement of assistants and lifting equipment. Next, this particular method of building a garage will be considered.

The main elements of the frame structure

frame garage wood - inside view

The frame building consists of the following elements:

• foundation;
• bottom harness;
• wall frame from vertical ordinary and corner posts;
• sheathing;
• top floor;
• truss system(absent in buildings with flat roofs);
• roofs.

The lumber used in construction is timber with a section of 100x100 or 150x150 mm and boards with a section of 15x50 mm and 25x20 mm. Sheathing - OSB boards 9 mm thick.

On a note! Lumber does not always have the correct geometric parameters. Often boards and beams are bent to one degree or another. It is recommended to use a thickness gauge to calibrate materials. Since the tool is quite expensive, you can rent it and complete all the work on leveling the lumber in 1-2 days.

Is a bar necessary?

During the construction of a frame wooden garage, timber is not indispensable

The technology allows replacing timber with a package of boards laid on edge and interconnected with nails and metal studs with a cross section of 6-8 mm. At the price of a solid bar and a prefabricated one, they are about the same. But the second one has one indisputable advantage: it practically does not lead the prefabricated beam.

Otherwise, it is inferior to the beam. When designing, it is taken into account that loads for it are 15% less than for solid lumber. But the garage is a light structure that does not imply a solid pressure on the foundation and floors. Therefore, in order to save money and the convenience of carrying lumber with your own hands, you can fearlessly use beams from a package of boards.

Pros and cons of a frame garage

The number of advantages of a frame wooden garage is several times greater than the disadvantages

Like any other building construction technology, frame construction has its advantages and disadvantages. And the first is much more than all other methods of building a garage.

Pros:

1. High construction speed. In the presence of good weather conditions, a 4x6 m frame can be built with your own hands in 3-4 weeks.
2. Durability. A garage built in accordance with all the rules will last at least 50 years.
3. Internal and external walls do not require additional finishing in the form of plastering and leveling, as they are flat and smooth surfaces.
4. The possibility of building a lightweight inexpensive foundation.
5. Minimum shrinkage or its complete absence, provided that high-quality dried lumber is used.
6. Ecological purity.
7. Lower thermal conductivity than brick and concrete buildings.
8. Ability to withstand significant and frequent temperature changes.
9. All-weather construction.
10. Indoor microclimate favorable for human health.

Minuses:

Of the shortcomings frame technology First of all, note the hygroscopicity of wood, its susceptibility to decay and damage by wood-boring insects. Risks are minimized by treating lumber with special solutions - antiseptics. One of the most popular is Senezh. It is recommended to apply 2-3 layers of the solution.

The second disadvantage of skeletons is a fire hazard. In order to increase the resistance of wood to the impact high temperatures, developed special means- fire retardant. That is, they are also antiseptics at the same time, which allows you to save on the purchase of these solutions. The most popular and effective:

• "Senezh Ognebio";
• "Senezh Ognebio Prof";
• NEOMID from "Neohim";
• "Pirilaks" from "NPO NORTH";
• "Woodmaster" from "NPP Rogneda".

The disadvantages of frame-type buildings include the difficulty of attaching hinged elements (shelves, cabinets, mirrors, etc.) to the walls. In order for a nail or self-tapping screw to reliably withstand the load, they must be driven into a beam or board.

In skeletons, there is a significant surface area - cavities filled with insulation (mineral wool or polystyrene / polyurethane foam). Therefore, when designing a building, it is necessary to foresee the presence of beams in those places where hinged interior elements will be installed.

Drawing up a project and cost estimates

Before proceeding with the design of a frame garage, they study the features of the materials used in its construction. The length of standard boards and timber is 6 m. You can order products of other sizes, but you will have to pay extra for this.

On a note! By choosing the dimensions of the building, corresponding to 3 and 6 meters, they simplify the construction process, reduce its time and minimize the amount of waste.

In order to maximize cost savings, the design also takes into account the geometric parameters of facing and roofing materials.

For a 3x6 garage with a wall height of 3 m, you will need:

• timber 150x150 mm - 1.6 m 3;
• boards 50x150 mm - 2.1 m 3;
• boards 25x150 mm - 1.9 m 3;
• boards 50x100 mm - 0.7 m 3 (for the floor, if it is wooden).

The advantage of the frame is that you can save on lumber for formwork. It is built from the existing one, but for its safety they cover the shields with dense plastic wrap. After dismantling the formwork, the boards are used for their intended purpose: for the construction of the frame.

Mandatory budget items

On average, the cost of materials for the construction of a 4x6 m garage with a wall height of 2.7 m is 278 thousand rubles. (data are current at the beginning of 2018). The work of specialists in the construction of buildings - 180-200 thousand rubles.

To find out the exact amount of materials needed for the construction of a frame garage, you can use an online calculator that performs calculations in accordance with SP 31-105-2002.

To do this, you must specify the building parameters:

• length;
• width;
• height;
• step between floor beams (recommended 400 mm);
• step between ordinary racks of the frame (recommended 600 mm);
• insulation thickness (100-200 mm).

Advice! It is desirable to assemble the frame on nails, as they effectively prevent the materials from moving in any direction. Self-tapping screws work better on separation.

Required Tools

Construction will require both power and hand tools.

When building a frame, wood is used, which determines the choice of tools.

power tools

1. Circular (disc) saw. The Hitachi C7MFA-4800 is considered the most enduring.
2. Screwdriver with two batteries with a power of at least 19W. Optimal choice- "AEG BS 12 X-R LMB-3200".
3. Chainsaw. The best of the budget ones is the Echo CS-3500-14. The average price is 7100 rubles.
4. Concrete mixer with a capacity of at least 140 liters. It is necessary for pouring a slab or strip foundation. For the construction of a columnar there will be sufficient manual mixing of concrete.
5. LBM (Bulgarian), 125 mm.
6. A miter saw, necessary for cutting at a certain angle. Circular will not cope with this task. The purchase of a miter saw quickly pays off with the speed and accuracy of the work.
7. Pneumatic nail hammer (optional).
8. Sharpener for sharpening hand tools.

Advice! Those who have experience in self-construction of carcasses do not recommend buying a jigsaw. This tool is useless for most jobs and is completely replaceable by the existing manual and electric ones.

Hand and measuring tool

1. Quality bubble levels 200 and 60 cm long.
2. Roulette with a tape length of at least 8 m.
3. Chalk paint string.
4. Hammers for 500 and 1000 g.
5. Two axes, small and medium.
6. Mount.
7. Ticks (medium and large).
8. Shoe knife.
9. A set of chisels.
10. Wood saw.
11. Capacities and shovels for carrying out earthworks and concreting.

Foundation selection

All skeletons are light buildings and do not require a solid foundation. For this garage type fit any foundation.

• slab;
• MZL (shallow-depth tape);
• columnar;
• on screw piles.

An alternative to traditional foundations

Semykin Foundation - a budget option

For small one-story buildings, the most budget option is suitable - the Semykin foundation. It is built from car tires, which are waste material. This significantly reduces the cost of the estimate. The internal cavities of the tires are ¾ filled with sand and gravel, poured with concrete.

Among the advantages of the base of automobile tires:

• shock-absorbing properties that prevent the structure from skewing during ground movements during periods of freezing and thawing;
• durability;
• cheapness;
• high construction speed.

Foundation selection criteria

The optimal solution for any type of building is a slab base. But when choosing it, it is necessary to solve several important questions in advance:

• where will the inspection hole be located, and what are its dimensions;
• where and how communications will be located (electrical wiring, plumbing, sewerage, ventilation);
• determine the location of machines, racks, workbench.

It is not always possible to foresee all the nuances of arranging a garage in advance, and in this case, strip or column foundations are chosen. They provide scope for choosing the location of all the above elements of the structure and its interior.

Construction of a column foundation

Construction of a column foundation

The columnar foundation is a complex of supports buried in the ground, located along the perimeter of the building. There are several ways to arrange poles.

1. Of bricks laid on a cement-sand mortar.
2. By pouring concrete asbestos pipes with a cross section of 200-350 mm;
3. From concrete blocks.
4. With the installation of formwork, reinforcement and pouring concrete.
5. From metal pipes with a wall thickness of more than 2 mm and filled with gravel and cement-sand mortar.

Regardless of the chosen method of arranging the supports, it will be necessary to form recesses in the ground for them. Holes can be dug with a shovel or drilled with a power drill. For a foundation for a frame garage, the optimal section of the recesses is 20-25 cm.

Construction stages:

Step 1. Choosing a place. It is important that the building is at least 1.5 m away from trees, any fences and buildings.

Step 2. Markup. At this stage, with laser level find the corner points of the future garage and mark them with pegs. Connect with twine or polypropylene cord. Check the straightness of the corners and make sure that the diagonals of the rectangle are equal.

Step 3. Site preparation. If necessary, level the relief of the selected place, cutting off the hills and removing the soil beyond the markings.

Step 4. At the installation sites of the pillars, they pull the cord "from wall to wall." The optimal distance between the supports (excluding their cross section) is 80-120 cm. The thinner the pillars, the smaller the distance between them is chosen.

Step 5. At the points found, they dig or otherwise form holes in the ground with a depth of 100-120 cm.

Step 6. Formwork is made from boards with a section of 15x150 mm in the form of hollow boxes of the required size.

Step 7. At the bottom of each pit, a layer of sand 5-10 cm thick and a layer of crushed stone 10-15 cm thick are poured. Each one is carefully tamped.

Step 8 Install the formwork in the pits, level it.

Step 9 Rectangular rods are connected from reinforcement bars and installed in the formwork.

Step 10. Manually or in a concrete mixer prepare a cement-sand mortar with gravel filler.

Step 11. Fill the formwork with concrete with the compaction of each of its layers.

Step 12 After the pillars have solidified, the formwork is dismantled.

Step 13. Check the horizontal alignment of the supports. Use a two-meter bubble level. Deviations of no more than 5 mm are allowed.

Installation work

Installation of the lower trim of the frame garage

The next stage of work after the installation of the foundation is the installation of the lower trim from a bar with a section of 150x150 mm:

• 2-3 sheets of roofing material are laid on each pillar;
• each beam is sawn from the ends so that a tenon-groove connection is obtained at the corner points;
• reinforce joints metal corners, fixed with self-tapping screws;
• install intermediate beams, with their ends resting against pillars on opposite walls of the strapping;
• connect beams with strapping corners and self-tapping screws.

• lay the floor on the lower floor (if they do not plan the device viewing hole;
• erect the frame of the walls and truss trusses.

Most often, after the installation of the lower floor, they begin to install the corner and intermediate supports of the frame walls, which are connected by the upper trim. The step between the vertical posts is 60-80 cm. After that, the outer walls are sheathed OSB sheets. Fill the gaps between the frame posts with foam plastic or mineral wool slabs and proceed to sheathing internal walls garage.

The rafter system is mounted in accordance with the selected type of roof. Sheathe the roof with OSB sheets and arrange a crate on top of them for laying the facing material. The final stage of the construction of a frame garage is the finishing of the external walls and roof. After that, they proceed to the device of the blind area and the access road.

Caring for a wooden frame garage during operation

Proper operation of the frame garage is the key to its durability. Since the structure is wooden, it is disastrous for him high humidity air. WITH outside the building is sheathed with facing materials that protect the walls and roof from precipitation. Indoors, high-quality ventilation is required, natural or supply and exhaust.

Building maintenance consists of several regularly repeated actions:

• inspection of the foundation and its timely repair;
• inspection finishing coatings walls and roofs, elimination of detected shortcomings;
• maintaining cleanliness and dryness indoors;
• drainage device that removes soil and surface water from the foundation.

In order to build a wooden frame garage, you need to choose the right materials and type of foundation, study the instructions for each stage of installation work. A self-built building is the pride of the owner. Compliance with the requirements of technology guarantees the reliability and durability of the garage.

The technology of building a frame garage has been brought to the simplicity necessary for an ordinary car owner who is not accustomed to sophistication, but who requires at least minimally comfortable conditions for maintaining a car.

Find out strength

Of course, the first thing that every motorist who respects himself and loves his car will pay attention to is the strength of the future garage.

No awnings, temporary shelters, sheds and other flimsy structures can serve as a garage, although many of the only ones manage to “shove” their car there for year-round “residence”.

If funds are tight, and a garage is needed, then a frame coating can save your car from natural phenomena and temperature fluctuations.

The proposed technology is one of the most accessible and profitable- the construction of a frame garage with your own hands can be done, indeed, by hand, that is, without the involvement of heavy equipment.

The frame "house for the car" will be strong enough, but in order to bring the structure to the ideal, You need:

• build a garage in such a way that it does not depend on the external environment;
• create so simple design so that it allows you to repair the car on the spot;
• ensure a low level of heat transfer of the structure;
• to invest in the construction of a minimum of funds.

Do you need a hole?

If everything is very clear with the foundation for the frame garage: it weighs little and therefore allows you to take the platform as the basis for the structure, then with the need to arrange a viewing hole a fair question arises: is it needed at all?

It is necessary to make a decision about its presence or absence on the eve of all construction work. This element of the garage is only mandatory if you are doing your own car repairs.

If you decide that a pit is needed, then its construction will take some time and make the implementation of your project somewhat more expensive (not significant).

The pit is dug according to the markup, its walls are reinforced with bricks (the method of laying in one brick) and provide high-quality lighting.

Along the upper perimeter of the inspection hole, it is necessary (!) to install a steel piping, which is carefully cemented. This is necessary in order to avoid collapses of the pit under the weight of the car.

The next step consists of arrangement of a monolithic foundation. On the site prepared for it (at the bottom), the so-called pillow is poured - a mixture of sand and gravel no more than 10 cm, on top - concrete (3 cm). A reinforcement frame is placed in concrete - iron bars are placed both along and across, fixing at the intersections.

Formwork is installed along the perimeter of the almost finished site and the structure is concreted.

When the concrete fixing the foundation dries, you can, without waiting until it is well settled (not a house, after all), proceed with the installation of the frame structure.

Types of frame garages

Like any other, building a frame garage with your own hands involves the most difficult and crucial moment in the construction of the foundation. But when this stage of work is over, it turns out that there are still many important points that cannot be overlooked.

Even on what type of garage you choose, the safety of your car depends.

Among some frame garages, there are several types of garages that determine the quality of the maintenance of the car. And although experts say that keeping a car in all frame structures will be about the same, you have a chance to choose, check, compare.

Metal profile garage

According to experts, such a frame garage will cost the owner only 30 thousand rubles.

Optimal garage dimensions from corrugated board (and all other types of garages) 4.5X3.5 meters, provided that it contains one car.

The garage should not be cramped, it must be provided comfortable accommodation machine, owner and all small and large improvised means.

Most of all, for the walls and roof of such a garage, two-meter sheets of metal profile C 10 are suitable. The thickness of such a sheet should be at least 0.5 mm.

For a standard garage space, you will need 23 sheets, the lion's share of which will be spent on arranging the walls.

Sheathe the walls with overlapping sheets connecting with roofing screws. Adjust the length of the cover (roof) so that its main size (covering) is 1.9 meters, and 10 cm are left for overhang equipment necessary for rainwater to drain.

The construction time of such a garage using frame technology is a week.

Metal frame garages are described in more detail in the next.

Frame-panel garage

To build a frame-panel garage, you do not need a project. You can just take the most unpretentious designs produced at any plant: in this case, this roof structures and wall panels.

This type of frame garage is highly economical, during its construction, you can meet 25 thousand rubles, excellent heat saving and simplicity of design.

In addition, such structures are more likely to resemble a house than a place where vehicles are kept, and successfully complement the landscape design.

Construction of a frame garage with your own hands, in case you have chosen a frame-panel type, proceeds according to the usual scheme:

• laying the foundation;
• establishing a framework;
• covering the "skeleton" of the structure with panels;
• warming;
• roof construction;
• gate hanging.

To your attention is a video on how to build a frame garage with your own hands.

timber garage

A feature of building this type of garage is the construction wooden frame, well, and the price. Such a frame garage will be much more expensive than its counterparts - metal-profile and panel garages.

But if you adhere to the principle: if you are going to build, then build with high quality, and you are right. Wood as a material has a number of advantages:

• the most environmentally friendly;
• the most energy-saving;
• the most vapor permeable;
• the most easily processed;
• the most appropriate in landscape composition.

In these photos, you see the stages of building a frame garage with your own hands.

When building a frame garage from a bar, you only need take into account some of the nuances:

• when choosing a strip type of foundation for a frame wooden garage, you just need to deepen it by 60-80 cm, but piles or pillars will have to be deeper and stronger;
• before installing the timber frame, it is necessary to develop a project or at least a sketch (but as detailed as possible);
• the joining of the bars should, if possible, be carried out by the simplest methods: the overlapping method is just right.

How much is a cheap garage

The issue of price remains relevant in the implementation of any project, even such a super-simple one as building a frame garage with your own hands.

Everyone has long been accustomed to the idea that homemade is much cheaper, therefore, most car owners are trying to provide their "swallow" with an apartment of "author's" construction.

Taking into account the frame, sheathing, work, a frame garage will cost you from 25 thousand rubles. If you use wood as a building material, then the cost will be about 35 - 70 thousand rubles, depending on the type of wood.

Frame construction is simpler and more affordable than fundamental construction: from concrete blocks, slabs and bricks. Wooden structures are not only cheaper, but also built much faster. All materials used during the work are quite light weight, so many motorists are building without assistants. Since it is not difficult to build a frame garage, it will take a little time to build it, 2-3 months.

Before starting work, you need to decide whether a viewing hole is required. If so, then the process of laying the foundation will become much more complicated and the sequence of actions here will be different.

It is necessary to stock up on working drawings, which will indicate all the main dimensions of the building, the layout of beams, rafters, frame racks.

All calculations must be carried out taking into account the dimensions of the lumber that will be used in construction.

Calculation of materials for a frame garage

• the distance between the intermediate racks of the frame should be such that when sheathing to avoid the hassle of fitting OSB boards or other lumber. For example, if it is decided to sheathe the building with cement-sand slabs 1.22 m long, then the optimal distance between the uprights will be 0.625 m. This will allow the entire DSP to be laid without sawing and attached to adjacent uprights;
• the total thickness of the boards that will act as vertical racks is included in the calculation before calculation optimal distance between them;
• the “step” is the distance from the midpoint of each rack. Thus, its thickness will be enough to attach 2 sheets of sheathing to it;
• when calculating the distance between the intermediate racks, the width of the insulation is taken into account;
• for the upper and lower trims, a beam of 10/10 cm or 15/15 cm is required, for racks - a board of 4/10 or 4/15 cm. The width of the board and one of the ribs of the beam must correspond to the thickness of the insulation;
• as a heat insulator, you can take foam or mineral wool(in rolls or mats).

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Foundation for a frame garage

This building is easy, and a powerful foundation is not required for it. But you should think in advance what the gender will be. It can be concrete, wooden, earthen. The best option is the first one. Consider how to build a garage with your own hands on strip foundation with concrete floor. Work begins with markup construction site and its preparation - leveling and removing the top layer of soil (30 cm).

Lookout hole. If it is decided to make a viewing hole, mark its location and dig it out. The walls of the pit can be lined with bricks, but you can simply make a “clay castle”, that is, apply a layer of clay over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe soil. At this stage, you need to solve the issue of lighting, determine the location of the outlet. If the walls and floor of the pit are brick, then the cable (laid in the corrugation) is laid behind the bricks. At the top, you need to make a metal strapping. This will prevent the walls from collapsing under the weight of the vehicle.

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The device of a monolithic concrete floor

After the inspection pit for the frame garage is ready, they begin to dump the sand and gravel cushion over the entire pre-leveled area. If ground water come close to the surface of the soil, then before dumping arrange drainage system. Especially in the drainage of water needs a viewing hole. A trench of the required depth is formed around it, perforated pipes (drains) wrapped with geotextile are laid in it, a pipeline is installed, the outlet end of which is led to the nearest reservoir or a storage well is arranged. Thus, we build a garage reliable and durable.

1. The marking of the perimeter of the frame garage is being specified.
2. According to the marking, they dig a trench with a small depth of 20-40 cm, its bottom is leveled, the soil is compacted.
3. Next, you need to decide how the strip foundation will be built: from building blocks or using formwork.
4. In any case, a sand and gravel cushion is first formed: 5-10 cm of sand (the layer is spilled with water and compacted) and 10-15 cm of gravel or crushed stone (this layer is also compacted).
5. If it is decided to lay the blocks, then a “bed” of cement-sand mortar(cement brand M300, M400 - 1 part and 3 parts of sand). Blocks are installed on the solution, aligned horizontally.
6. If it is decided to pour the tape, then the formwork is mounted.
7. Reinforcing material (mesh of reinforcement) is laid inside it.
8. Concrete is being poured. The surface of the tape must be aligned horizontally.
9. While the concrete is gaining strength, sand and gravel filling is carried out over the entire floor area of ​​​​the frame garage (similar to the foundation tape), leveled and compacted using a vibrating plate.
10. Then the concrete floor is poured.

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Stages of erecting the walls of a frame garage

• sectional waterproofing. On the concrete blocks or a monolithic tape is laid with roofing material in 2-3 layers. The sides of the foundation can be coated with bitumen;
• bottom harness. A beam is laid on the roofing material, attracted by anchors to concrete, interconnected by brackets or galvanized reinforced corners;
• installation of corner racks of the frame. The corners are set strictly vertically, either bars or double boards are used as the material;
• installation of intermediate racks. After a certain distance, boards are set up, strengthened with jibs;
• all elements of the frame are pulled together by metal corners using wood screws 70-90 mm long;
• installation of the upper trim is carried out by analogy with the lower;
• where there will be a frame garage gate, the racks must be reinforced or doubled (tripled) or a strapping beam will be needed.

Garage is a building necessary for every motorist, which ensures the safety vehicle and protects the car from negative influences environment. Many owners postpone the construction of such an object, assuming that its construction is too complicated and expensive. However, today it is possible to build a garage with minimal time and financial costs, if you build frame structure. In the article we will learn about the main nuances and features of frame construction.

Why are frame structures so popular?

V last years wireframe objects has become very popular. When using quality building materials and at proper organization works, such a garage will be in no way inferior to an object built of brick, wood or any other traditional materials.

Frame construction technology has gained wide popularity, first of all, due to the ease of installation. A frame building can be erected on its own, without resorting to professional installers for help, which can significantly reduce the budget for the construction of the facility. In addition, such construction takes relatively little time - experienced people can build an object in just a few days.

Reducing the cost of building a building is also due to the availability of modern building materials. And due to their low weight, delivery to the construction site can be performed without the involvement of specialized equipment.

The frame for the garage can be built from different materials, but most commonly used wooden beam and metal profile.

The construction procedure itself includes several simple steps:

1. 1. Site preparation.
2. 2. Digging a pit and creating a foundation.
3. 3. Marking and assembly of the wall frame.
4. 4. Roofing device.
5. 5. Insulation and wall cladding.
6. 6. Installation of garage doors.

To learn how to build frame objects with your own hands, you need to understand each of the described stages separately.

Start of installation work - preparation of the construction site and foundation

Preparatory work is considered the most important in any construction. The evenness of the foundation and the reliability of the entire new building will depend on the quality of the preparation of the site for the construction of the facility. After selection suitable place on the site, it is necessary to clear the perimeter and carefully level the area.

The building site should be 50-60 cm larger than the perimeter of the object under construction on each side. After marking from the ground, it is necessary to remove the fertile soil layer with a depth of 15 to 20 cm. The easiest way is to dig such a hole using special equipment, although with some skill and free time, you can get by with a shovel and do everything yourself. The bottom of the dug pit must be compacted manually or with a roller.

For the construction of a frame garage, any type of foundation is suitable, since the building will not be very heavy, which means it will not create a serious load on the prepared base. However, in addition to the construction object itself, when choosing a foundation, you must also take into account the weight of the car that will stand in the garage. Experts recommend creating a slab or strip foundation for frame objects.

After determining the type of foundation, it is necessary to outline the corner points of the perimeter under the walls. First you need to mark one corner point where the marking cast-off is installed. Cords are tied to the cast-off - two on each side when constructing a strip foundation, in this case the distance between the cords will set the width of the planned tape. The cords are stretched along the sides of the future foundation to the full length, after which they are fixed on opposite cast-offs.

It is extremely important to make all corners of the future building straight. With the help of the crossbar of the installed cast-off, it is possible to move the fixation point of the cord on it within certain limits. To make sure the corners are square, you can measure the diagonals of the rectangle, they should be the same in length.

A frame garage can be built on a budget columnar base. Post foundations are easy to install, do-it-yourself, and are great for subsequent plank flooring, which needs to be strong and secure enough to support the weight of the car. The columnar foundation can be made from different materials. Usually, for the device of such a base, reinforced concrete structures, concrete blocks, brick or combine several materials at once.

The strip foundation is more difficult to arrange and requires much more time, since in construction you will have to use concrete mortar, which takes a long time to gain strength and harden. Main advantage strip base under the frame structure is that it gives ample opportunities to create a viewing hole. The floor of the garage on a strip foundation can be made both wooden and concrete.

The third most popular type of foundation for construction frame structures is a slab base. It is considered the most complex and costly during construction, as it requires the creation whole system compacted layers of different materials, on top of which concrete is already poured. Dignity slab base is its high strength, reliability and durability.

Design and construction of the building frame

After creating the foundation, you can proceed to the construction of the frame of the future structure. The frame of the garage can be made of metal profile, wooden beam or from both of these materials at the same time. Having decided on the materials used, it is imperative to prepare a project. This document will allow you to correctly complete all stages of construction and build a really high-quality, well-thought-out building.

themselves installation work usually divided into several stages:

1. 1. Installation of the lower trim.
2. 2. Assembly vertical structures- walls.
3. 3. Installing the top trim.
4. 4. Frame sheathing.
5. 5. Installation of the roof frame.

First of all, they lay on the finished base waterproofing material(usually ruberoid). Waterproofing is necessary to protect the wooden and metal elements of the future building from the negative effects of moisture. The roofing material acts as a quite decent cut-off, due to which moisture will not spread from the walls of the foundation and from the ground during heavy rainfall.

At the next stage, a wooden beam of the selected size is laid on the foundation, it can be a beam of 120 × 120 mm, 150 × 150 mm or 120 × 150 mm. If desired, the beam can be replaced with a board 50 × 120 mm or a steel profile pipe with a square section of 10 × 10 cm. To fix the beam strapping in the corners, dowels or a notch are used. Metal strapping elements are fixed at the corners by welding, and wooden ones - with anchor screws or studs embedded in the base. When mounting the strapping on a columnar foundation, logs are laid on the edge inside its frame, which will be necessary to fix the plank floor.

After that, you can proceed to the assembly of the frame of the walls. There are two build options:

1. 1. At the installation site. That is frame walls assembled and fixed vertically at their permanent location. The method is used in the installation of wooden structures.
2. 2. On the ground. Metal carcass walls are usually assembled in a horizontal position on the ground, after which it is lifted and attached to the strapping in a vertical position.

As elements of a wooden frame, a beam 60 × 60 mm, a board 30 × 150 or 30 × 120 mm are used. The metal frame is usually assembled from profile pipe 60×60 mm. After connecting the individual elements to each other and installing the prepared structure vertically, the upper strapping is performed, which is necessary to give the frame maximum strength. For strapping, a beam or pipe is used, which in size must correspond to the size of the individual elements of the frame. For example, if the vertical racks are made of boards 120 mm wide, then top harness can be made from the same board, laying it in two layers, or from a bar 60 × 120 mm.

The erected frame must be immediately sheathed inside or outside with facing materials. OSB or plywood sheets, as well as corrugated board, are used as such sheathing. Sheathing the inside or outside of the object will make it more durable and allow you to proceed to the installation of the roof.

The roof of the garage can be made single or double. gable roofs it is more expensive and more difficult to build, but they allow you to equip a useful attic space or prepare an under-roof space for storing materials and tools used on the farm. is carried out in several stages. First, the rafter system is made, after which the slopes are sheathed plywood sheets over which the roof is laid.

Garage floor installation and installation of insulation materials

After installing the roof and wall cladding on one side, you can proceed with the installation of the floor in the garage. If you lay the floor before installing the roof, wood cladding can be severely damaged by sudden precipitation. It is best to use non-grooved board for cladding so that the finish can expand and contract due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

The flooring is made with a small gap between separate elements lining. Between the boards, you need to leave a free space of at least 3–4 mm so that the finish does not deform during thermal expansion. The cladding is usually laid on logs made of wooden blocks and fixed to the base with self-tapping screws or nails.

On slab foundation additional lining may or may not be installed. It will be enough just to treat the surface with a special strengthening primer deep penetration, which can strengthen, fasten the top layers of concrete and provide the base with better hydrophobic characteristics. Concrete floor on top can be painted or covered ceramic tiles, and you can leave it without finishing at all.

The next step in the construction of a frame object is its insulation. It is very easy to install thermal insulation in the frame of the structure. The selected material is simply placed in the voids in the frame on the inside or outside (depending on which side the walls were originally sheathed on).

For insulation, you can use mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, sprayed polyurethane foam and any other thermal insulation materials. Sprayed polyurethane foam is considered preferable for insulation frame structure. It is more expensive than most other types of thermal insulation, it requires the use of special equipment, but it can completely fill all the empty space in the frame, including any cavities and cracks, so that the building will be qualitatively protected from cold bridges.

After installing the insulation, you can start covering the walls from the side where the facing materials have not yet been installed. Any light finishes can be used for sheathing, it is recommended to clad the building on both sides using the same material. That is, if the walls are already upholstered with OSB boards from the inside, then it is better to upholster the frame with the same boards from the outside.

Finishing and installation of garage doors

To make the garage truly comfortable, attractive inside and out, all surfaces in it are additionally lined. Inside, for finishing the room, it is best to use reliable, durable and resistant to external negative impacts materials. It is recommended to abandon the cladding, which burns easily and contributes to the rapid spread of the flame. In garages where flammable substances can be stored, there is no place for such finishes.

Simultaneously with the finishing cladding, gates are installed in the garage, which can be swing, sectional, roller shutter or lifting and turning. For self installation simple swing double-leaf gates are best suited, other designs require certain professional knowledge and skills during installation, which the ordinary owner most likely does not have.

building frame building, although it takes a lot of time, but can be done completely independently. Of course, if you find helpers for yourself, the work will go faster and take away less strength, but with a certain skill you can do without them. Follow the instructions in our step by step instructions sequence of actions, and you can make the garage of your dreams with minimal investment.

Wooden garages for most Russian regions is optimal solution"housing" problems for your car. The construction market does not experience a shortage of timber, and therefore everyone can build a wooden garage to their liking. The problem is just to choose suitable technology. How to build a wooden garage with your own hands, read this article.

The choice of garage construction technology, first of all, comes down to the estimated financial costs. So, if you want to "get off with little blood" and save not only money, but also time, frame construction help you solve the problem. Today, this technology is actively used literally for everything, from the construction of residential buildings and entire villages, ending with household, commercial, office and other buildings.

Frame structures are delivered ready-made, but disassembled, and all you need is to assemble them on the foundation and put on the roof. Manufacturers guarantee many years of operation even in adverse weather conditions. wooden elements treated with special antiseptics, so such garages are not afraid of rodents, mold, or temperature changes. Additional coverage protective compounds will help make them even more refractory, which is the case with wooden structures will be a significant advantage.

All these advantages guarantee proper "storage" of the car, protecting it from bad weather, premature damage, theft, etc. And if earlier wireframe wooden garages were erected for a long time and problematic, then modern technologies allow you to do this in just a couple of days. By its strength lightweight construction can safely compete with overweight garages made of foam blocks or bricks, and costs are several times less.

But in order for the frame to stand firmly and fulfill all the obligations prescribed for it, it is necessary to provide the appropriate conditions - prepare the area, make a reliable foundation, roof, etc. Laying the foundation takes most of the time, but it is a mandatory step that requires full dedication. Here you may need construction machinery and the help of 2-3 people. After that, you can safely assemble the frame, fixing the elements with bolts and screws alone or together.

How to build a frame garage with your own hands

Before you make a garage out of wood, you should make preparatory work- develop a detailed project, calculate how much materials will be needed for the foundation, exterior and interior decoration, whether there will be heating inside, etc. You need to do this right away in order to roughly imagine how much the construction will cost, and what you can save on if necessary.

Drawings of wooden garages can be viewed on the website of the manufacturer of frame structures and correlate them with the intended location future construction. You can also develop your own scheme, according to which a frame structure will be selected for you. For a good spacious garage with an entrance and a gate, a plot of 10x10 m is enough.

Progress:

Interior arrangement of the garage

When most of the work is behind, it remains only to organize interior decoration rooms so that the car is cozy and comfortable in any weather. It does not make sense to use expensive materials for the garage, because sooner or later they will be saturated with the smells of smoke, oils and gasoline.

To equip the ceiling, use a cheap lining on which lay paper and put insulation. Cover the attic floor with a 25 mm board and place ladder. This room can be used to store spare parts, paints, oils, etc.

Garage heating - another important point which should not be overlooked. The temperature in the room should not fall below + 16C, otherwise the storage rules may be violated liquid funds for car care, and it is much more pleasant to carry out body work in warmth and comfort.

Important: Under no circumstances should electric coil heaters be used to heat the garage. Otherwise, there is a high risk of fire.

Portable heaters are also the best way- their low heat transfer is not enough even for a small room. The best option will put the boiler and make water heating, install a 2 kW fan heater or a 500 W heat spotlight (depending on the energy consumption possibilities).

timber garage

Wooden garages (photo) can be not only frame, but erected "the old fashioned way" - from a bar. This is one of the most reliable, durable and inexpensive design options that can be done without outside help.

A timber garage has excellent thermal insulation characteristics and has natural ventilation- the walls "breathe", the smells do not stagnate. In addition, building such a garage is quite simple, even if you do not have professional skills.

Advantages of timber garages compared to other materials:

• environmentally friendly natural material;
• natural ventilation of the room;
• the tree is easy to process without equipment and special skills;
• a wooden garage will harmoniously fit into the natural landscape of a country house;
• durability (service life up to 50 years);
• profitability (savings in heating, maintenance and repair).

Technology Features

Any building, whether residential or small garage, requires laying a strong foundation. For buildings from a bar, you can make a monolithic, tape or pile foundation. The main thing is that it must rise above the ground by at least 20 cm, otherwise the tree, when interacting with the soil, will begin to rot and crumble. For 100% protection against rapid damage to wood, waterproofing material should be laid between the first crown of beams and the foundation.

Walls made of profiled timber should be laid in a log house. This can be done even alone if you order finished log house. The cost will not be much higher, but the amount of work will be significantly reduced.

Floors in the garage from a bar can be poured concrete screed or cover wooden board. It is better to pour a concrete floor on a monolithic foundation. Below we will consider an example of building a garage on column foundation with wooden floor.

As for the roof of the garage, it is better to make it elementary - single or gable. The construction of the truss system will depend on the shape of the roof. In any case, drains for water should be made according to the principle described in the previous chapter.

Construction stages

You can build a garage from bars without any special skills:

Any hardworking car owner can build a wooden garage with their own hands, even without professional locksmith skills. What's more, if you have hobbies other than car maintenance, such as building scale models of airplanes or wood burning, you can set up your own working workshop in the garage. To do this, it is enough to additional heating and lighting. Thus, the garage will turn from an ordinary specialized room into an integral part of the house, in which it is pleasant to spend free time.