Perennial flax (photo) - planting and care. Decorative linen

fertile, medium fertility, drained, loamy

Soil moisture

moderately humid, dry

Life span

Illumination

straight Sun rays

Reproduction

cuttings, seeds, division

Boarding time

spring, autumn

Genus Linen (Linum) belongs to the family Flaxseeds (Linaceae), unites over 230 species of annual and perennial herbaceous and semi-shrub plants. Habitat - temperate and subtropical zones of our planet, for example, countries. Latin name genus means "thread" - linen has long been used for the manufacture of fabrics.

Usually weakly branched. Plant height ranges from 0.15 to 1.2 m (rarely 1.5 m). Thin stems are covered with narrow leaves, located mainly in the next order, less often opposite or whorled. Flowers with five petals of white, yellow, pink, red, purple or blue color are collected in - umbrella, shield, brush, fork. The fruit of flax is a round or ovoid capsule containing flat, smooth seeds. Flax blooms in June-August, fruit ripening period is July-September.

Growing flax

Flax is a light-loving plant that is not demanding to care for. Prefers fresh, loose fertile, does not tolerate stagnant moisture. Watering is needed only in summer. Desirable weekly and removal of wilted inflorescences as needed. Flax is responsive to feeding with complex mineral fertilizer three times a season (May, June-July, August). Perennial species are mulched or humus in spring and autumn.

Flax application

Flax is one of the most popular agricultural plants. His seeds are the source vegetable oil, and fiber is obtained from the stems. Linseed oil is used in medicine, is used for food, and is also in demand in the paint and varnish industry. The most productive is flax ... One of its forms is flax-curly - forms relatively low bushes with an abundance of flowers and, accordingly, seeds. Another form is fiber flax with long stems - used to obtain the fibers needed for the production of linen fabrics.

Annual flax, from dried stems with seed bolls, make up winter bouquets. Seeds of annual flax species are included in mixtures for. Large-flowered flax and perennial species flax is successfully used in various forms flower decoration(, curb, group,), as well as in sunny corners of the garden. Perennial alpine flax looks great in. Sowing flax - good for filling voids in. Perfect companions of flax will be: -grass, nivyanik.

Flax propagation

All types of flax multiply successfully by seed method... At the same time, perennial flax species bloom the next year after sowing. After three to four years, it is desirable to rejuvenate the plants: with age, their decorative qualities deteriorate.

Flax cultural propagated (November) or in the spring (April-May) directly into the ground in rows with row spacing of 5-7.5 cm.The optimum sowing depth is 2-3 cm.In May-July, re-sowing is carried out to ensure continuous flowering... The feeding area for one plant is 20 x 20 cm.

Large-flowered flax can be grown through seedlings in pots 5-7 cm in diameter at the stage of two true leaves. It should be remembered that the root system of flax is pivotal; when transplanting, it is very important not to damage it. Sowing seeds of perennial flax species is carried out in the same way.

Perennial flax species can also be propagated vegetatively - by cuttings or by dividing a bush. The latter method is not very effective, since the cuttings take root badly. The tops of shoots 8-10 cm long are cut into cuttings in July-August. The unripe top and inflorescences are removed. Treated with a root stimulant (Kornevin) cuttings are rooted in a mixture of peat and sand (1: 1) or in perlite, it is necessary to cover with a film or non-woven fabric to preserve high humidity air. In the spring of next year, young plants are ready to be transplanted into a flower garden.

Flax pests and diseases

Pests of flax in flower beds are rare, are important when cultivating this plant in large volumes (in agriculture). The most common are flaxseed thrips, flaxseed flea beetles, much less common are gamma scoops, meadow bugs. Damage is caused to leaves, buds, ovaries and roots. For linseed use BI-58 new, Fufanon; with linen flea - Decis Extra, Karate.

Flax is not susceptible to disease, but in unfavorable conditions(waterlogging, shade) may be affected. For prophylaxis, seeds are treated with (for example, a drug Vitavax) no later than two weeks before sowing. When signs of disease appear on adult plants, they are treated with fungicides (Fundazol, Agate).

Annual flax

Large-flowered flax (Linum grandiflorum)- plant up to 60 cm tall. Erect stems are densely covered with lanceolate bright green alternate leaves, branched in the upper part and crowned with corymbose inflorescences of bright red flowers up to 3-4 cm in diameter. Flowers open from June to September only on sunny days. Their color can be pink, blue, white, white with a red eye - depending on the variety. The capsule contains ten seeds.

Sowing flax, ordinary or cultural (Linum usitatissimum)- a plant with thin stems. Their height ranges from 30-50 cm (curly flax) to 60-120 cm (fiber flax). Blue flowers up to 3 cm in diameter are collected in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence.

Perennial flax

Austrian flax (Linum austriacum)- a plant up to 50 cm tall, in May-June bearing an inflorescence-fork of blue flowers. The main root branches out.

Flax haired (Linum hirsutum)- unlike the previous type, it has a light blue flowers with dark veins on the petals.

Flax yellow (Linum flavum)- compact plant up to 40 cm tall with bright yellow flowers up to 3 cm in diameter, opening in June-July.

Perennial flax (Linum perenne)- stems up to 50 cm tall, covered with small alternate leaves, ending in blue flowers up to 2 cm in diameter. Blooms in June-July. There are varieties with white flowers. Subspecies perennial branched flax (subsp. extraaxillare) with more large flowers and thick leathery leaves. Subspecies perennial alpine flax (subsp.alpinum) about 10 cm tall, covered with sky blue flowers.

Flax Tavrichesky (Linum tauricum) differs in large umbellate multi-flowered inflorescence: 10-20 yellow flowers up to 3 cm in diameter each. Pedicels reach 50 cm in height.

Thin-leaved flax (Linum tenuifolium)- plant 15-50 cm tall. Forms a densely branching bush, woody at the base. The leaves are rough, with a sharp tip and a clearly visible central vein. Flowers up to 2 cm in diameter are painted white, pink or purple colour collected in loose brushes. Flowering lasts from mid-June to late July.

Flax is a light-loving plant that is not demanding to care for. Watering is necessary only in drought.

it herbaceous plant has ancient roots, and the glory of his useful properties ah comes from our ancestors. The first positive impression can be obtained from the appearance of flax. Blue, beige and blue shades of flowers look amazing in the wind. They seem to sea ​​wave, continuously swaying from side to side. This delicate and fragile plant simply amazes and impresses with its beauty and lightness.

Flax is useful plant... Its stem consists of many fibers, and the seeds are squeezed out rich in vitamins and various substances butter. At all times, a strong cloth was made from flax, from which clothes and many useful things for home use were then sewn. Every housewife will surely have linen towels and tablecloths, and linen clothes on the hottest days are considered one of the most comfortable.

The plant has many useful and healing properties... Linen is applied in folk medicine and in cosmetology as a rejuvenating agent. It is easy to grow and does not require much maintenance. The plant is considered unpretentious to weather conditions, climate, planting site and conditions of detention.

Various types and varieties of flax differ in color and shade. They can be not only blue and blue. You can find flowers and bright red, and lilac, and almost white. Active flowering begins in May, lasts all summer and ends only late autumn(around November). It is rare to find plants that will give beauty and fragrance for so long. Flowering continues uninterruptedly - to replace the wilted flower, new ones immediately open up.

For the plants to show all their decorative possibilities, they must be thinned out after germination. Leave a distance of about ten centimeters between the plants. They will quickly gain strength and begin to dissolve their numerous buds.

Flax is planted in a well-lit sunny place... The soil can be any, except swampy. Planting is carried out in autumn or spring. Seeds sown before winter keep well. Having survived the cold, they will only get stronger. Seeds are sown in holes no more than two centimeters deep, watered moderately. The plant does not like moist soils and tolerates drought well. If during the summer season falls a large number of precipitation, then flax does not require additional watering.

The first sprouts of germinated seeds will appear in two to three weeks, and after another couple of weeks, do not forget to thin them out. It is advisable to feed flax with fertilizer before bud formation. Any organic fertilizer or mineral fertilizer (with complex additives) is suitable for this plant.

Flax application

Decorative linen is a great decoration for your garden. Original shades of flowers and amazing beauty - this is what not only the owners, but also guests, neighbors, passers-by will stare at. Flax can take its rightful place in every flower garden.

Traditional medicine, homeopathy - these are the areas in which flax feels like one of its own. Flax seeds are healing power for the whole organism. They contain a large amount nutrients that can significantly improve health.

Flax seeds:

• Increase and strengthen the immune system
• Normalize hormonal disorders during menopause
• Normalize impaired metabolism, removes toxins and toxins
• Have a rejuvenating effect

If you want to add vitality and "lose" a few years, then try every morning on an empty stomach to eat one teaspoon of seeds, washed down with water (at least one glass). After about thirty days, you will feel a surge of vivacity and energy. The body will, as it were, get a second wind - vision, skin and hair condition may improve. Flax seeds are actively used for weight loss.

Flaxseed oil is recommended to be used as a remedy that will help the intestines and normalize the liver. It is also considered a choleretic agent. It is also known about its external use: during massage, during cosmetic procedures.

Flax seeds and linseed oil sold in every pharmacy. detailed instructions will help to properly prepare the broth and use everything in the correct dosage.

Self-grown flax seeds are an environmentally friendly product. Do not spare your efforts and free time and then you will receive not only indescribable beauty, but also replenishment of your home first-aid kit.

Perennial flax, so familiar to most of us, is often overshadowed when choosing the right decorative flowers for the garden. But in vain. After all, this plant has long been considered a real decoration of any home and its protector. Flax is a completely unpretentious plant, but at the same time it is capable of blooming with incredible luxurious flowers. By the way, contrary to popular belief, flax does not have to be blue. Today you will learn about all the features of growing perennial blue flax in the open field: planting, care, use in landscape design(photo materials are attached).

Perennial blue flax: description, main varieties and varieties

Flax belongs to the genus of herbaceous plants, numbering about 200 plants of various appearance and properties. Most often, flax is represented by a small plant, reaching a height of about 0.5 m, with rather thin, but strong stems and different sizes flowers (they are both small and quite large) of a pale blue, white or pink-red hue.

It is actively cultivated in mid-latitudes. Plant prefers temperate climate, therefore, blue flax is most often found in North America, Africa, in parts of Europe and Asia.

Among existing species and flax varieties, the following can be distinguished (photo below):

• Oilseed. This ornamental flax variety is grown at home, often with the goal of producing nutritious and incredibly healthy flax seeds. The plant usually reaches a height of no more than 30 cm. The flowers are relatively small. Their color can be pale blue, yellow and even red.

Oil flax

• Decorative. One of the most picky flax varieties: growing it is a pleasure even for a novice gardener. In addition, it is from the decorative varieties of flax that durable natural clothing is made.
• Large-flowered. This variety of flax appeared in domestic gardening not so long ago and immediately became one of the "favorites" among gardeners - lovers of home flora. The plant can be called medium-sized - it usually reaches a height of 0.5 m. The flowers of decorative flax are very large, represented by a rich gamut of shades. Decorative flax is considered a perennial: under favorable conditions in one place, it can live up to 5 years.

Large-flowered flax

• Flax perennial. This type of flax is considered the most common among all existing ones. Perennial flax is used to decorate flower walls, borders, etc.

Planting plants in open ground

The plant cannot be called particularly picky about growing conditions, but still flax, regardless of the variety or variety, needs a sufficient amount sunlight, therefore, the site for planting it must be chosen completely not shaded by either houses or trees.

Advice. If you are a resident of a region where the sun is considered a rather rare phenomenon, unfortunately, it is better for you to refuse to grow perennial flax.

The soil for planting flax can be almost any, but you will hardly be able to grow flax in a swampy area. The soil must be light, with a sufficiently deep bedding ground water... Perennial flax will perfectly take root even on slopes (but not too steep).

Landing perennial varieties flax is best carried out indoors, but if the climate is warm enough, you can sow them immediately in open ground, and it is advisable not to deepen the seeds into the ground, but simply spread them on the ground and spray with water from a spray bottle.

Flax bush

Growing in open ground is possible both in spring (when the temperature reaches a stable 20 degrees) and in autumn (when the temperature has not yet dropped below 20 degrees).

Advice. When growing perennial flax in the open field, be sure to take into account the cold factor: planting cannot be carried out in wet or rainy weather, and after this process, the seeds must be covered with a small layer of soil, then insulated as an ordinary flower crop.

Plant propagation

Perennial flax is propagated in several ways:

1. Seeds. As we already know, seed reproduction is possible both in spring and autumn (when seed is sown in winter). The seeds are carefully laid out on the ground (without deepening into the soil) and slightly moistened with water. By the way, perennial varieties you can safely start growing even in the summer. When grown in containers (meaning permanent place, since the seedling method of growing flax with subsequent transplantation is ineffective), taking it to an open place is carried out immediately after sowing.
2. By dividing the bush. This propagation method is relevant for biennial plants. The process of separating several parts from the mother bush is usually carried out in mid-spring, or after the end of the flowering period - in August. Parts of the bush are usually planted at a distance of about 20 cm from each other. They require constant watering and protection from direct sunlight.

Blue flax care: watering and feeding regime, pest control

So that in the summer the plant will delight you with a luxurious, albeit not too long flowering, be sure to make sure that it receives full care. Further, what kind of care will be required for perennial flax when grown in the open field.

In order for the plant to remain healthy and "live" a full life, it is necessary to provide it with periodic watering, which, by the way, should not turn the surface of the soil into a swampy area.

Avoid stagnant water near flax roots

Remember that flax does not like stagnant water. A sufficient frequency of watering can be about 1-2 times a week (depending on the dryness of the period and the temperature characteristics of the region). Keep the soil moist at all times. But with the onset of autumn, it is advisable to reduce watering to a minimum, and then stop altogether.

In addition to watering, flax will also need periodic weeding, since weeds and excessive thickening of the plant do not have the best effect on appearance flax.

Top dressing - cannot be called weak point perennial flax, so you can forget about the constant preparation of nutrient mixtures for the soil. V mandatory it is necessary to make organic fertilizing a few days before sowing the seed and add a little potassium fertilizer there. During the season, it is advisable to add at least a couple more times liquid top dressing... It is advisable to carry out the process of feeding the plants immediately after watering.

As for diseases, then flax has something to boast about, because the plant is not susceptible to any diseases. Unless a flax flea can sometimes attack him. Unfortunately, folk remedies in the fight against it are powerless, therefore, immediately upon the appearance little pest it is necessary to treat the area with growing flax with a special chemical.

Combination with other plants

So that flax takes root well on garden plot and became a worthy adornment, remember that best combination plants are observed mainly with crops with a similar development pattern and growing conditions.

Linen in landscape design

Flax is considered by many gardeners to be an intrusive and difficult to remove pest. But he cannot but charm. Thin and graceful flax shoots are dotted with sessile narrow leaves and seem very unusual. But flowers attract the main attention. From 2 to 5 cm in diameter in the best varieties, they conquer with a simple funnel-shaped shape and the beauty of rounded lobes-petals. Decorative varieties flax decorate gardens from early summer to frost. They manage to set easily recognizable fruit-boxes, each of which contains 10 glossy, brown, flat seeds. The flowering of flax is not only spectacular, but also unusual. Its flowers bloom for just one day. And even though they cannot be cut for bouquets and admired for many weeks, you should not be upset: new inflorescences open on the bushes tirelessly, and the constant tying of buds allows decorative flax to decorate the garden for several months without a break.

Decorative types of flax are used for decoration garden plots... If ordinary field flax has sky-blue flowers, then decorative species full of white, red and even yellow flowers... For decorative floriculture, about 25 types of flax have been bred, but only two of them are widespread - large-flowered flax and ordinary flax. These are annual plants.

Large-flowered flax

A fairly massive flower about 60 cm high has large simple flowers up to 5 cm in diameter. Their color can be red, white, pink, there is a variety of flax with a red eye. Blooms from early June to September. The stems branch densely at the top of the bushes, but are practically bare at the bottom. Leaves, albeit small, but very bright. Such flax is an unpretentious plant, it is undemanding to soil types, it is also undemanding to watering special requirements does not show. Planting sites should be sunny without moisture stagnation - these are, perhaps, the only criteria that must be adhered to when growing flax. Annual decorative flax has a myriad of shapes and varieties. Among them, the most common:

✿ "Funny eyes"- a snow-white variety of flax with an ink-red spot in the center of a cup-shaped flower, thanks to which the flowers really seem to be an eye (this is one of the most spectacular monochrome plants for decorating a garden, along with hazel grouse)
✿ "Childhood"- pure white variety
✿ "Illusion"- bright red linen with a small eye and a silk texture
✿ "Mars"- even brighter carmine with a graceful double eye
✿ "Azure"- a dazzling blue variety with a clear sky tone and a white eye
✿ "Bright eyes"- so bright that it is simply impossible to take your eyes off the luxurious variegated bloom
✿ "Boogie Woogie" with salmon petals and cherry center
✿ "Aurora"- apricot variety
✿ "Diamond"- a snow-white variety of flax with a satin texture of petals, which makes two-centimeter flowers unusually elegant
✿ "Seliger"- light blue variety with small flowers in large inflorescences - shields
✿ "Sadko"- lilac variety with dark veins
✿ "Blush"- a bright pink variety with an almost imperceptible darker eye
✿ "Starfall"("Zorepad") with a star-shaped flower and a dark red, muted wine tone of the eye
✿ "Albatross"- a star-shaped variety with a white color

Common flax

It is a herbaceous plant, the stem of which branches strongly in the upper part. It reaches a height of 30-50 cm. The flowers of this species are blue, up to 3.5 cm in diameter, they literally shine on thin stems. This species is most often used as a background for other plants and can be used to fill voids in groups of perennial crops. This linen blends well with daisies, bells, poppies and other wildflowers. This species is not picky about care.

Choosing a place and soil for planting flax

Like the basic species of the genus, decorative flax is a sun-loving plant. Sowing and planting flax is possible only in well-lit areas, avoiding even the slightest partial shade. It is better to avoid too windy locations, but this plant is not afraid of drafts. So boldly take him away open areas... When choosing a place for flax in your garden, it is better to take into account its self-sowing, and the fact that the larger the flax is planted, the more attractive it will look. Most often, a separate area or flower garden is allocated for flax, which is sown annually different kinds decorative flax. You can take one of the curbs by the path under this culture.

It is also very easy to pick up a primer for flax. The main thing is that it is well-drained and at least a little calcareous. All other parameters, including nutritional value, are not important for decorative flax.

Decorative flax allows only one planting technique - sowing in open ground. In this case, flax is always placed in groups or spots, allotting for it whole areas or individual sections of flower beds. It cannot be planted through seedlings, because the plants have very fragile roots. And the short growing season of flax does not complicate the process.

When and how to plant flax outdoors. Sowing of decorative flax in the Urals is carried out at the end of April. The seeds are not afraid of cold, so there is no point in waiting for May and stable heat. The sooner you plant flax, the sooner it will bloom. In order to stretch the flowering of flax in the garden and admire its lovely flowers literally from the beginning of May to mid-autumn or even cold weather, you can adjust the sowing time and sow flax in 2-4 visits with intervals of several weeks. The last crops can be carried out until the third decade of May.

Flax is sown in rows with a distance of about 20 cm between rows. During sowing, seeds are sprinkled rarely, at a distance of about 5 cm between plants, or more often, but with subsequent thinning. A great alternative to straight seeding is random seeding, which allows for a denser, more dense planting. Since flax usually sprouts very amicably, there is no need to thicken the crops too much. Before planting, the soil needs to be improved, be sure to add compost or other organic fertilizers... Perennial flax can be sown according to the same principle in late autumn, before winter.

Young flax seedlings are sensitive and fragile. They can suffer from cold or wind, so prepare a shelter and protect the plantings in case of the vagaries of the weather. Once the seedlings are strong, the plants will be immune to adverse conditions.

Soil moistening procedures for decorative flax should be light, not too plentiful, but frequent. If you can water the flax regularly, then the funny flower heads will literally cover the entire clearing or border. But irrigation for flax is not vital. If you cannot water the plants constantly, allow drought, the bushes will not die, the seeds will still form, and they will bloom beautifully. But not for long and with a parade of many months of flowering during watering, their beauty, of course, cannot be compared.

Since flax does not have dense and spectacular greenery, it cannot close the soil under continuous plantings, the weeds will spoil the decorativeness of the plantings and give flax a neglected look. It is imperative to weed the soil, removing the weeds even when they are small. During weeding, do not rush to loosen the soil too much: the roots of flax are shallow and it is too easy to damage them.

If you want to limit the self-sowing of flax, then it is better to cut off the fruit in a timely manner, preventing the seeds from ripening.

Despite its status as one of the easiest plants to grow, flax is not invulnerable at all. In the vicinity of diseased crops, flax planting becomes a "testing ground" for powdery mildew, fusarium, various rust. At the same time, the rate of their distribution is simply amazingly fast. At the first detection of signs of disease, it is better to spray with fungicides or just wait until the end of flowering and destroy the plants.

Scientific and production association "Sady Rossii" for 30 years has been introducing the latest achievements in the selection of vegetables, fruits, berries and decorative crops into the widespread practice of amateur gardening. In the work of the association, the most modern technologies, a unique laboratory for micro-propagation of plants was created. The main tasks of NPO Sady Rossii is to provide gardeners with high-quality planting material. popular varieties various garden plants and novelties of the world selection. Delivery planting material(seeds, onions, seedlings) is carried out by the Russian post. We are waiting for you for shopping:

Flax (Linum) is a perennial or annual herb from the Flax family. In nature, the plant can be found in the temperate and subtropical latitudes of our planet.

Origin

The native land of flax is the northwest of Africa. The genus of flax includes over 200 species of plants, of which a little more than 40 are cultivated. 25 types of flax are grown as an ornamental crop.

Description

The following types and varieties of flax are of interest to gardeners.

You can admire the wonderful flowering of flax by looking at the photo of the plant.

Flax growing conditions

The plant is demanding on lighting, it puts up only with a light lace shadow. Most best sites for decorative flax - open sun areas. Flax planted with clearings attracts the eye with the brightness of flowering.

The plant is not demanding on the soil. The main thing is that the soil is well drained and has an alkaline reaction. Perennial flax prefers light sandy soils filled with humus at a dose of 5 - 7 kg per 1 sq. meter. Heavy clay soils domesticated by adding sand, wood ash and lime. Annual species grow well on any soil.

Flax care is very simple. Watering the plantings is required only in severe drought, usually, the flower has enough natural precipitation.

Weeds will spoil the view flower meadows, therefore, weeding must be carried out in a timely manner.
To avoid the uncontrolled spread of the flower by self-seeding, you need to collect the seed pods on time. Or take flax separate section, away from flower beds and flower beds.

Under unfavorable weather conditions, flax can be affected by fusarium and rust. If, at the first sign of the disease, you do not start treating the plantings with fungicides, there is a risk of losing all plantings.

Flax propagation

Annual species easily spread by sowing seeds in the ground, self-seeding is possible. Sowing is carried out in the spring, at the end of April - May, on prepared soil. Seeds are poured into grooves to a depth of 1.5 - 2 cm, the distance between seeds is 3 - 6 cm, between rows 12 - 20 cm. Flax seedlings are friendly and fast.

Perennial species can be propagated by dividing the bush in early spring. The bush is dug up, and the rhizome is divided into parts. Delenki are planted in a prepared place, in a well-spilled hole. Sowing of perennial flax seeds is carried out before winter. In one place, perennial plant species can grow up to 5 years.

Decorative flax in landscape design

Blooming all summer long bright flowers, flax is an important part of the Moorish lawn. Planted in a company of poppies, cereals, flax will complement a flower garden in a natural or rustic style.

Flax is good, planted near large plants with dark textured foliage. Perennial undersized flax is planted on alpine slide, combining with and bells, cereals; along the paths, in the foreground of the flower beds. You should not combine linen with exquisite aristocratic flowers - roses, lilies, the wildflower is too simple for such a neighborhood.

Useful properties of flax

In addition to beautiful flowering and growing to obtain plant fiber, flax seed has a number of beneficial properties for the human body. The seed is especially rich in Omega 3, 6 and 9. The product is useful for digestion, improves the condition of the skin, hair and nails. Flax seeds are taken for kidney diseases, hormonal disorders, frequent colds, bronchitis, atherosclerosis, diabetes. Slimy flaxseed decoctions and jelly are an excellent medicine for a sick stomach.

Flax seeds are added to cold salads, cereals, jelly is prepared, or simply eaten with water or juice. The combination of flaxseed and kefir will bring special benefits to the gastrointestinal tract.

Important! More than 2 tbsp. tablespoons of flax seeds per day should not be consumed. The optimal dose for strengthening the immune system is 8 - 10 g.

In the pharmacy, you can buy not only flax seeds, but also flaxseed oil. It is useful to add it daily to salads without subjecting them to heat treatment.

In cosmetology, flax seeds are used as part of cleansing scrubs, smoothing masks.

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