How to apply waterproofing for the foundation of FBS blocks? Waterproofing of the basement from foundation blocks (FBS blocks) Waterproofing of the foundation for a concrete block

Millions of thousands of drops from all streams and rivers, after snow and rainfall, tend to hide in the thickness of the earth's crust. This water wealth is valued by agronomists in the steppe and semi-desert areas. The amount of moisture that the roots of plants receive directly depends on what the crop will be. The presence of water in the earth's crust is 14 times less than in all the oceans, therefore it is stored like underground riches. But this is nationwide. When it comes to a self-built house, a person changes his attitude to groundwater. Moisture comes from almost all sides and imperceptibly falls apart foundation blocks and a handcrafted home. Sometimes destruction won't even restore overhaul. Conclusion: the sad consequences are better to prevent.

For this, attention must be paid to strip foundation. Moreover, from the very first steps, when the foundation is laid and the first wall shield is being built. Do-it-yourself base must be strong and last for long years. Subsequently, it is more difficult to calculate and repair blocks buried in the ground. Therefore, the construction of the foundation will require a lot of money and the right calculation.

Water washes away the main components from concrete and as a result leads to corrosion of embedded products from reinforcement. Wall structures lose over time bearing capacity, there is no need to talk about the durability of FBS. Further, the inhabitants of the house discover not only the foundation damaged by moisture, but also internal communications and room furniture. Mold and fungus generated by moisture settle on walls, floors and ceilings. The house and the foundation are crumbling - the calculation was wrong. The owners, turning to the masters, will find out that waterproofing will help protect their house from the destructive power of moisture. Then no repairs are needed.

Types of waterproofing FBS

In the old days, they didn’t think much about the materials that are needed for waterproofing. They removed birch bark from snow-white birch trunks and laid it on the foundation: it does not rot and does not let water into the house. Currently, they are easily replaced with roll bases, such as roofing material. If the house is without a basement, then horizontal waterproofing gets paramount importance. This will prevent repairs. To protect the vertical surfaces of the foundation blocks, insulation is applied to the inner and outer planes of the foundation. According to the methods of its application, the following varieties are recognized: coating (painting), penetrating, pasting, mounted (screen).

The first type involves the application of several waterproof layers that are firmly held on vertical surfaces FBS. The progressive foundation material for this is cement and polymer cement mortars, which are easy to use and waterproof. The main advantage of penetrating waterproofing is the protection of blocks from the inside when moisture enters from the outside. It is used in basements and basements. Pasting will help avoid repairs and is suitable for those who rely on a low price and ease of application. However experienced craftsmen, making repairs, they say that rolled materials are capricious, they are difficult to lay. Mounted is used during the installation of FBS and wall slabs rarely, it involves the creation of protective screens. Traditionally, they were made from clay, and in last years— from polymeric geomembranes.

Holland and St. Petersburg like another type of building waterproofing - injection: through the holes located in the FBS and walls, cement mortar or liquid glass with a hardener from inside the structure to the outside, into the space between the soil and the foundation. This block insulation is expensive and requires special equipment.

Thinking about the choice of the type of waterproofing of blocks, thinking over their repair, one must be guided by the chemical composition and the level of soil water, which interact with mineral, organic particles, eventually changing their own composition and concentration.

Choosing the Right Materials

Ruberoid, profiled membranes, liquid rubber, plaster compositions - what kind of materials are not offered for! What is suitable for a particular foundation is determined by the climate of the area where the house will be built or repaired with their own hands. These include air humidity, ground water, the probability of precipitation. The higher the degree of their impact on the house, the more powerful material and accurate calculation must be applied. One of the commonly used materials of our time is bituminous weld material. It is affordable, versatile, resistant to mechanical stress, as well as to static and hydrostatic pressures. In addition to its main property, low water absorption, it has flexibility: it can be fastened by free laying directly on the base in a continuous direction in one layer. You can protect the basement from the outside using waterproofing membrane. It will create an obstacle for water and carry out its removal from the soil to the drainage.

Popular materials for FBS insulation are also waterproofing mastics that do not contain harmful toxic substances. However, be careful! It is best to work with them outdoors, as they are flammable. Where the soil is especially wet, you can glue the blocks with rolled materials with your own hands using several layers. In this case, all components must be fastened with mastic.

For waterproofing, you will need the following tools and materials.

Materials:

concrete;
cement;
bituminous mastic;
used engine oil;
ruberoid;
geotextile;
gravel or rubble.

Tools:

shovel;
concrete mixer;
sieve;
bucket;
roller or brush;
gas-burner.

Expensive but durable liquid glass is among the favorites, it can be replaced by penetrating the foundation with a special mortar.

Initial calculation

Before laying the foundation of the blocks, it should be noted that it is necessary to make waterproofing. For its implementation, it is important to make a calculation and identify: at what level the groundwater is located, what forces of swelling of the soil are observed in the post-frost period, how heterogeneous the soil is and what are the conditions for using the building. If the highest level of soil water is located below the base of the foundation at a distance of more than 0.9 m, then vertical coating waterproofing can be made, and the horizontal one can be performed using a material such as roofing material. If the water level is higher, but does not reach the level of the basement or rarely gets there, then you need to make the insulation more reliable with your own hands. Perform horizontal in 2 layers, smearing with mastic. For vertical use coating and pasting methods. As an addition, it is possible to treat the foundation blocks and the basement with penetrating waterproofing. If it often rains in the area where the house will be built, you will have to make a drainage system around the building. If we take into account the economy of the material, then it is better to choose bitumen. Complex different types insulation will require a large investment.

Horizontal insulation FBS

Strip and monolithic foundations require insulation to be made at or below 10 cm of the basement floor level both in the basement and in the place where there is a connection between the foundation and the wall. At the bottom of the pit, you need to fill in the clay and tamp. Top with concrete. After 10 days, treat it with bituminous mastic, and lay roofing material on it. Then smear the surface of the foundation blocks with mastic again and lay the roofing material. Pour concrete on top, which must be leveled and ironed. The second thing you need to do is this: after 2 hours, pour the sifted cement on top of the concrete and level it. After it gets wet, they act in the same way as with a concrete screed. When the strip foundation is completed, it is again waterproofed. To do this, the blocks are covered with bituminous mastic, roofing material is laid on top. The procedure is performed 2 times. The edges roll material, which hang from the FBS, lead down and press down with vertical waterproofing.

Foundation insulation scheme.

Waterproofing may suggest the presence drainage system if the ground water is high and the soil permeability is insufficient.

For its arrangement, they dig a trench around the perimeter of the house at a distance of 0.7 m from it. Depth is determined by the water level. The width is approximately 40 cm. The trenches should be with a barely noticeable slope towards the accumulation pit. Geotextiles need to be laid on the bottom, the edges are wrapped onto the sides of the trench by about 90 cm. Gravel is covered with a layer throughout the trench. Then special perforated drainage pipes are laid. Again, a layer of washed gravel is covered (20-30 cm). Everything is wrapped in the remnants of the edges of the geotextile and the pipes are diverted into the collecting pit. Next, they are covered with soil.

Insulating vertical

With your own hands, this waterproofing can be done based on an individual calculation. Blocks and materials may be different.

The most standard way is to coat the strip foundation or blocks with bituminous resin. Pour 70% bitumen, 30% used oil into a bucket. Then heat the bitumen to a liquid consistency and apply 2 layers on even blocks.

The total thickness should be 5 cm. To extend the life of this insulation, bitumen-polymer mastics can be used for FBS.

Additionally, blocks can be pasted over with their own hands with such material as roofing felt, having previously processed them with a bituminous primer or mastic.

Then warm up the ruberoid gas burner and attach to the foundation with an overlap. You can fix the roofing material with adhesive mastics. Then again cover with bitumen from above and stick the roofing material.

Grigory Alekseevich, Voronezh asks a question:

Good afternoon! We recently bought a plot of land and want to build on it big house. Of course, we won’t be able to build it on our own, because we don’t have special education, so we will hire a construction team. In order to know how well the workers will perform their work, we would like to understand a little about some aspects of construction, especially with regard to laying the foundation of the house. Therefore, we want to ask you a question about why waterproofing the foundation from FBS is needed and how is it made? Thanks in advance for your reply!

The expert answers:

Before you start building a house, you should figure out for the foundation of the FBS. Since the foundation is the basis of the house, which makes it durable and reliable, its laying must be approached with all seriousness and professionalism. In order to extend the strength of the foundation of the house for many years, it is necessary to make waterproofing from FBS blocks. It is required for land plots, which in spring and autumn are subjected to an active onslaught of groundwater.

Foundation waterproofing protects surfaces load-bearing structures. FBS blocks (wall foundation block) are one of the most reliable materials that are often used in construction to form the foundation of a house. They are made of reinforced concrete and can withstand any load. Thanks to the FBS blocks, the house is strong and durable, even if possible mistakes are made during construction.

Before starting work, it is necessary to make mandatory calculations and determine the level of groundwater location, the strength of soil heaving in periods after frost, the conditions for using the building. It is also necessary to take into account climatic features terrain, humidity levels and rainfall. Using these calculations, you can determine which type of waterproofing is suitable for a particular foundation.

Waterproofing is of 2 types: vertical and horizontal.

The vertical one is considered more complex and time-consuming. Before you make it, you need to prepare the foundation. It should be cleaned of all kinds of irregularities, as well as seams between the FBS blocks. It is necessary to start waterproofing from the bottom, from the very base of the foundation to the approximate place where it can get rainwater.

Horizontal waterproofing protects against capillary penetration of moisture. This is an easier method compared to the vertical one, since in this case a layer is applied, which consists of a roofing material made of bitumen. The layer is applied several times.

Waterproofing is carried out from the inside and outer side designs. To make it more reliable, it is recommended to apply liquid glass to the blocks, which has long term services.

There are several options for waterproofing. The waterproofing layer that is applied to the blocks can be of several types:

Plaster. This is a cement solution with the addition of liquid glass, ceresite and sodium aluminate. It is applied in layers and hot.
Okleyechny. It is budget, simple and reliable option waterproofing. A waterproof material with a polymer-bitumen composition is brought to a hot state and applied to the outer part of the foundation.
Coating. In this case, a thin multilayer shell is applied to the surface. In the form of a coating, materials from polymers, synthetic resins are used. In addition, coal-tar, bituminous and asphalt coatings are used.

For greater reliability, you can use some types and variations of waterproofing in the complex. In any case, accurate calculations and an individual approach to construction are necessary.

FBS waterproofing is a very complex structure with a reliable foundation, which may well guarantee you the stability and strength of your future home. The support of the entire building is thus made of reinforced concrete structure, and reliable protection against water will allow you to avoid the penetration of moisture into the interior of the house.

The abbreviation FBS stands for "Fundamental Building Block" and its main function is precisely the construction of the foundation. Often FBS is used to build basements. This foundation, first of all, greatly reduces the construction time, while the reliability of the house does not suffer in any way.

Features of the use of FBS

When planning the waterproofing of blocks, it is necessary to take into account chemical composition and groundwater levels. Interacting with particles of different nature, they are able to change their composition and concentration.

Waterproofing the foundation from FBS blocks and their construction differs slightly from the cost of the solution intended for pouring a monolithic foundation. With FBS blocks, you do not need to adjust to the weather.

Also, there is no need to build formwork and reinforcing frame. Needless to say, all these processes are by no means easy. FBS blocks are absolutely in no way inferior to a monolithic tape in terms of strength and water resistance (provided that all technological requirements have been observed).

Naturally, you will need a crane and the associated costs of transporting the blocks themselves, but the total cost will still be lower than the cost of concrete and reinforcement.

In the event that the house was designed without a basement, horizontal waterproofing is used for FSB blocks.

Types of vertical waterproofing for a foundation made of FBS

Vertical waterproofing has several options, among which are coating (painting), gluing, penetrating and mounted.

Coating waterproofing FBS

The first of these is characterized by the application of several layers of a waterproof solution. It is quite firmly held on the blocks. For this, cement and polymer-cement mixtures are used. They are simple, and besides, waterproofing the foundation from FBS blocks with the help of such solutions has excellent protection against moisture.

Penetrating waterproofing

Penetrating waterproofing is used mostly in basements and semi-basements. It is able to protect the foundation blocks even when moisture enters from the outside.

Gluing waterproofing

Pasting waterproofing of foundation blocks is characterized by simplicity and low price. Although professionals in this business say that roll materials are somewhat inconvenient and capricious in work.

Screen waterproofing

Screen or mounted waterproofing of FSB blocks is now rarely used. At its core, it involves the creation protective screen, which for quite a long time was created from clay. Now, instead of clay, one can increasingly find polymeric geomembranes.

Injection method of FBS protection

Very popular in Europe the new kind waterproofing blocks FSB. It's called injection. Its essence is in the cement mortar, which is introduced through the holes located in the blocks. Liquid glass with a hardener can also be used. This waterproofing of the foundation from FBS blocks is by no means cheap and needs special equipment. In recent years, injection waterproofing has been increasingly used in St. Petersburg.

Horizontal insulation FBS

Horizontal waterproofing of FBS blocks also has its own nuances. At the bottom of the pit, in this case, clay is poured and compacted. Concrete is poured on top. Approximately 10 days are given for it to completely solidify, after which it is treated with bituminous mastic and roofing material is placed on top.

Then the whole procedure is repeated one more time. After all, concrete is poured on top, which must be leveled and ironed.

The second process is done like this: after 2 hours, sifted cement is poured on top of the concrete. After he gets wet, they do the same with him. concrete screed. Upon completion of the strip foundation, it is again subject to waterproofing. At the same time, bituminous mastic is covered on top and roofing material is laid. The whole procedure should be done twice.

The hanging edges of the roll material lead down, where they are pressed down. In this case, vertical waterproofing of the foundation blocks will be used.

With insufficient soil permeability, waterproofing the foundation from FBS may suggest the presence of a drainage system. To do this, a trench is dug around the perimeter of the house a little less than a meter from it.

Its width will be approximately 40 cm, and the depth is determined by the level of the water itself. At the bottom of the trench, you need to lay geotextiles, the edges of which are wrapped up. Further, gravel is poured throughout the trench. After that, perforated drainage pipes are laid.

The meaning of waterproofing the foundation

Many who have encountered construction for the first time are wondering why waterproofing the foundation is needed. It comes down to protecting the surface of load-bearing structures, most often basement walls or basement walls. One of the many materials for waterproofing, FBS blocks can be distinguished.

Waterproofing division

Waterproofing can be divided into two types, these are:

Vertical - This is the most time-consuming type. You need to start from the very bottom of the foundation to the place where rainwater enters. Before starting work, you should prepare the foundation, for this you will need to clean it from various chips and protrusions, and make seams between the FBS blocks.
Horizontal - This is an easier way to waterproof with blocks. Its essence lies in the imposition of a layer consisting of roofing material made of bitumen, which is folded several times. It performs the task of protecting against capillary penetration of moisture.

Waterproofing must occur both inside and outside the structure. Moreover, the work must be carried out under a certain temperature regime, which must be at least five degrees.

Before applying a waterproofing layer, it is worth taking care of cleaning the foundation from dirt, chips and protrusions, and the seams that need to be processed cement mortar, close up.

In order for the waterproofing to be more reliable, you can use a special technique, which consists in applying liquid glass to the blocks, which has a long service life. This method It will be a little more expensive, but the cost will justify its action.

Waterproofing variation

A waterproofing layer is applied to the blocks. It happens:

Plaster. The composition, which includes a cement mortar in several layers with the addition of certain additives to it: ceresite, liquid glass, sodium aluminate. This method allows you to protect the foundation from capillary penetration of moisture. It needs to be applied only when it is hot, the application should take place in several layers.
Okleyechny. Most a budget option, which does not require strong labor costs. It is a waterproof material, which includes a polymer-bitumen composition. Has good protective functions from capillary and filtration penetration of moisture. It is a simple and reliable way of waterproofing. Such material is usually heated with a burner to a hot state, and then applied to the outer part of the foundation. In certain cases, pasting waterproofing has a self-adhesive surface, then the impact of the burner on the material is excluded. The most famous pasting materials used in the work: roofing material (most often, its use occurs in the upper layer of the roof), hydroisol (always produced in the form of rolls, thanks to the fiberglass material that is part of its base, decomposition and decay do not occur over time) , brizol (rubber-bitumen mass produced in roll form), isol (rubber-bitumen material of roll type).
Coating. This option consists of a thin multilayer shell, which is applied to the surface using asphalt, bitumen, coal-tar coating. Synthetic resins and polymeric materials can also be used.

Waterproofing methods

Do-it-yourself waterproofing of the foundation can be done in several ways.

The first technology, injection, increases the margin of reliability and strength of the fundamental foundation. The injection process consists in filling cracks and seams with a special injection composition.

This technology requires significant material investments, and its implementation will require expensive equipment. But the high cost pays off with the help of reliability and durability.

But how to make waterproofing of the foundation from fbs blocks using this technology? Stages of work include:

The seams of the blocks are embroidered, at a depth of thirty to fifty millimeters.
Then it is necessary to drill holes with a distance of two hundred millimeters with a depth of two thirds of the thickness of the foundation walls.
After that, it is necessary to install the parkers used for injection.
Between FBS blocks, a special modified polymer is poured.
Injection is carried out using a pump designed to perform these works.
Then the parkers are dismantled.
Filling holes.
Next, it is necessary to make a coating waterproofing of the foundation walls.

The second technology is to carry out waterproofing using Penetron.

It is produced in the following way. Walls that have a plaster layer need to get rid of it. These works can be done with a puncher, jackhammer, smooth hard brush. concrete walls cleaned of dust, greasy components, paint, dirt, tiles and other similar materials. If the walls are polished, they need to be applied with a weak acid solution and after an hour, they are washed with water.

If floors are provided in the basement or on the basement floors, then they must be completely dismantled.

Then there is a horizontal strengthening of the floor with the help of reinforcing mesh, the ends of which are fastened with reinforcing knitting. After that, all this must be poured with a pre-prepared cement mortar with the addition of crushed stone and sand.

The beginning of preliminary work on waterproofing includes the following steps:

From the seams of the masonry material, removed cement mixture. Places where leaks can occur are treated with a fast-hardening Penelag filling, which sets in a short period of time.

In order to prepare Penelag you will need: a dry mixture of Penelag mixed with water in the proportion of one hundred and fifty grams of water per kilogram of the mixture. The water temperature should be twenty degrees. Be sure to mix thoroughly, for three minutes, until a thick consistency without lumps is formed. Do not immediately dilute a large amount of material, as the solution should be used, at best, in thirty seconds.

Further, all joints must be processed using an auxiliary penetrating material with waterproofing properties, Penetron. Application can be done with a wide brush or synthetic brush.

Next, you need to dilute the dry building mix Penekrit. To do this, you need to prepare containers of the same size, with measured divisions and a clean plastic container. A drill with which mixing will be carried out. If not large volumes are bred, then you can do without it, and mix manually, thick gloves with a rubberized surface. The mixture must be added to water, the proportion is taken two hundred grams of water per kilogram of Penekrit. Everything is thoroughly mixed. The output should be a thick, viscous composition of a homogeneous mass, without lumps. This material, also do not need to cook in in large numbers. Water must be added according to the instructions. The peculiarity of this material is that plasticity is achieved by constant mixing. The longer the mixing is carried out, the more plastic the composition will be. This mixture must be used within thirty minutes.
The diluted composition is very carefully coated with all the seams, the joints that are between the FBS blocks.
At the end of the work, a good moistening of the foundation walls is required, and then re-cover with Penetron using a wide brush or brush.

Such a solution can be used in the treatment of floor surfaces.

Before you make a foundation of blocks for a private cottage, you need to take into account that the construction budget will hardly change compared to pouring into the formwork, but the work time will be reduced by a factor of three. industrial way produced by FBS guarantees maximum design life.

Do-it-yourself foundation can be made from FBS blocks only if there are lifting equipment (manipulator, crane). For a project with a basement, it is necessary to dig a foundation pit, if the building does not have a basement, there are enough trenches around the perimeter.

The production of FB is regulated by the domestic standard of 1978 under the number 13579, which indicates the material, dimensions, design features, rules of warehousing, transportation, installation. The main classification is made according to the design of reinforced concrete products:

FBP - the block has voids open downwards to reduce structural loads on the ground;
FBV - a cutout is provided for laying communications, mounting jumpers (relevant for technical subfields with numerous engineering systems);
FBS is a solid block of increased strength.

All of them are made from concrete mortar with a density of 1.8 t / m 3, have several sizes:

length - 2.4 m, 1.2 m or 0.9 m (the size is slightly smaller, rounded off in the marking, indicated in decimeters);
width - 0.3 - 0.6 m (step 0.1 m);
height - 0.6 m or 0.3 m (modifications with voids, recesses only 0.6 m).

The mounting loop can be recessed into the body of the block or protrude above the upper edge (they are bent after installation). When storing, the standard requirements must be observed - pads made of wood 3 cm thick, a stack of 2.5 m, maximum.

Step-by-step instructions for building a foundation from FBS

To build a correctly prefabricated strip foundation, it is necessary to take into account the type of soil, total loads, groundwater level, number of storeys of the building. If the project includes foundation slabs FL, it is easier to dig a pit if the blocks are mounted directly on the ground, a trench around the perimeter is enough. Its width should be more than 1 m for waterproofing, insulation of the outer walls of the tape, laying drainage pipes.

Training

We mark the pit

Prefabricated device strip base begins with a layout, without which it is impossible to mark the building spot. It is impossible to build a house without a project (the exception is garden house), all design marks are available in this documentation. After planning the building spot, marking is carried out:

pegs - driven in 0.5 - 1 m from the corners to avoid shedding the soil under them during excavation;
cords - stretched along the outer perimeter of the walls, taking into account the design of the base (flush, protruding, protruding), the width of the FBS.

With a complex configuration of the cottage (bay windows, pilasters), local marking with lime, chalk, paint on the ground can be made.

Excavation

swarm excavation

To properly build a cottage, you need high-quality design based on the results of engineering and geological surveys. Only in this case there will be no third-party communications passing through the site under the foundation, the groundwater level, the composition of the soil will be known. This will create a strength margin of the structure.

The device of the pit is justified in the following cases:

basement planned;
the need for laying PL slabs;
loose, weak, crumbling soil.

In all other options, you can get by with trenches under the walls of the cottage. The depth of the tape is always individual (0.3 - 0.7 m for MZLF, below the freezing mark by 40 cm for deep laying).

Substrate (drainage layer)

For high-quality support of concrete blocks / slabs, distribution of loads on the lower soil layers, it is necessary to replace the soil with non-metallic material. Usually this is a layer of crushed stone 15 cm of medium fraction (5-10 mm) over sand 15 cm, compacted in layers (10 cm) with a vibrating plate or manual rammer. Abundant wetting at the time of compaction reduces the time of work.

Pillow

Preparing the base for the pillow

The device of a concrete pad on the underlying layer in low-rise construction is extremely rare (for example, for a two-story mansion with an attic). The quality of FBS is much higher than monolithic construction tape due to precise adherence to technology. Individual developers often do not have deep vibrators, concrete mixers, they save on fittings, forget to fill the set concrete with sand or sawdust for regular moisturizing to avoid cracks.

Pouring a structure

Reinforcing and pouring concrete pad

A step-by-step instruction for making a monolithic pillow looks like:

installation of formwork - panels made of plywood, OSB, boards, wrapped from the inside with a film or roofing felt;
reinforcement - two belts made of mesh, bars of a periodic profile with vertical jumpers;
pouring concrete - must be done in one go, the maximum technological pause cannot exceed 1 hour.

The level of the concrete layer can be the upper side of the formwork or a line on its inner wall. Demoulding is possible after 4 - 7 days depending on the weather, installation of blocks only after two weeks. At the time of drying, concrete should be covered with sawdust, watered from a watering can for the first two days.

Prefabricated pillow from FL blocks

Instead of a pillow of a concrete monolithic pillow, special FL blocks can be used

Pillow out concrete slabs more expensive, but its quality is higher by default. Installation of FL plates is carried out along a cord stretched along lighthouse corner reinforced concrete products. With a periodic layout of the slabs (intermittent foundation), they are placed at the corners of two adjacent FBS blocks. The gaps between them are filled with sand. Periodic layout saves money, but is not allowed on soft soils.

Installation of FBS blocks

We mount the blocks of the future foundation

The device for the assembly tape from the blocks begins after the preparation of the solution. The approximate consumption of the solution is 1.5 - 2 buckets, depending on the dimensions of the FBS. The tape construction technology is as follows:

installation of corners - one row on a single level;
installation of FBS near technological openings - necessary for the input of communications, ventilation products (only 30 - 50 cm above ground level);
filling the rows - whole blocks are mounted on the mortar along the mooring cord, then pieces chipped off from them;
laying with a brick - the height of the technological holes is less than the same parameter of the block, so the free space is laid with clay or ceramic brick, they are embedded in the masonry ventilation grates, sleeves for pipes of the sewerage, a water supply system, other engineering systems.

Foundation thermal insulation

We glue the insulation

In 75% of cases, the prefabricated base tape is the walls of the basement or basement floor, technical underground. In this case, it is necessary to properly protect the walls of the underground level from condensate. The technology for warming the tape base of the house when it is deepened below the freezing mark is as follows:

pasting the outer surface of the FBS blocks with extruded polystyrene foam over the waterproofing layer;

shelter nonwoven fabric to protect the heat insulator from accidental damage at the time of backfilling (dornite or geotextiles are usually used).

External insulation shifts the thermal circuit along with the dew point to the outside, the formation of condensate on internal walls basement is excluded completely. Internal insulation leads to the opposite effect - it will not be possible to get rid of fogging of concrete, facings.

If the project includes a shallow MZLF tape, the technology changes slightly:

after gluing the outer surfaces of the blocks with polystyrene foam, the trench is expanded outward by 0.7-1 m;

the foundation along the perimeter is lined with horizontally arranged sheets of expanded polystyrene to a width of 1-1.5 meters.

Thus, even when high level GWL heaving soil in frost will not swell. The heat of the bowels, preserved by the insulation around the perimeter of the building, will be enough to maintain a positive temperature under the sole of the cottage.

drainage system

For all concrete structures of the power frame of the dwelling, it is important to reduce the resource in aggressive environments. Therefore, with a high GWL or the possibility of increasing it during the operation period, it is better to divert The groundwater from the foundation at the excavation stage. To do this, it is enough to lay perforated pipes along the perimeter of the tape at the depth of the sole, organize the general slope of the ring in the direction of the underground tank, into which wastewater will flow by gravity.

When making a floor on the ground, the pit inside the tape is partially covered with soil taken out of it with layer-by-layer compaction to the design mark (-60 cm). This distance is necessary for the "pie" of the insulated slab / screed, which will be lined with flooring.

In exploited ground floor the slab is poured at the level of the base of the foundation, the underground level is covered with a slab or a structure along the floor beams. In this case, window openings may additionally be present in the basement. Instead of ventilation products, a full-fledged exhaust ventilation. It is impossible to place ventilation ducts inside reinforced concrete blocks, therefore, in outer wall leave a technological opening, the channel is passed inside brickwork or use special blocks, panels from GVL, light, heavy concrete, ceramics, foam silicate.

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How to apply waterproofing for the foundation of FBS blocks? Waterproofing of the basement from foundation blocks (FBS blocks) Waterproofing of the foundation for a concrete block

Types of waterproofing FBS

Choosing the Right Materials

Initial calculation

Horizontal insulation FBS

Insulating vertical

Features of the use of FBS

Types of vertical waterproofing for a foundation made of FBS

Coating waterproofing FBS

Penetrating waterproofing

Gluing waterproofing

Screen waterproofing

Injection method of FBS protection

Horizontal insulation FBS

More on this topic on our website:

The meaning of waterproofing the foundation

Waterproofing division

Waterproofing variation

Waterproofing methods

Step-by-step instructions for building a foundation from FBS

Training

Excavation

Substrate (drainage layer)

Pillow

Pouring a structure

Prefabricated pillow from FL blocks

Installation of FBS blocks

Foundation thermal insulation

drainage system